If you click on the eyeballs. Pressure on the eyeballs with tachycardia. Eyeball hurts when pressed or inside

Supraventricular tachycardia is a form of arrhythmia caused by a violation of the electrical conduction of the heart. Often this form of arrhythmia is found in children.

Forms

Depending on the location of the source of tachycardia, there is atrial and atrioventricular tachycardia.

1. Atrial:
   • focal, or focal, atrial tachycardia. The cause of development is pathological excitation of one section of the atrial conduction system;
   • multiple, or multifocal, tachycardia. It is caused by the presence of several foci, causing an increase in contractile activity in the atria.
2. Atrioventricular, or AV form:
   • focal paroxysmal tachycardia comes from cells of the atrioventricular junction;
   • atrioventricular reciprocal tachycardia develops with the participation of additional pathways for conducting electrical impulses.

Causes

Paroxysm (attack) is formed when the focus of the disease is located in the region of the atria or atrioventricular junction. Attacks of arrhythmia do not occur regularly, but only under the influence of external factors.

Reasons for the development of paroxysm:

• activation of the excitability of the nervous system after fright or stress;
• heart defects;
• ischemia, dystrophy and other myocardial diseases;
• disorders caused by intoxication with drugs, alcohol and other substances.

Among the causes of the onset of the disease are non-cardiac and cardiac.

Heart reasons:

• congenital, i.e. appearing in utero. These are structural features of the conductive tissue of the heart;
• cardiac ischemia;
• heart defects;
• myocarditis;
• cardiomyopathy;
• heart failure.

Non-cardiac causes:

• hyperthyroidism or other diseases of the endocrine system;
• excessive alcohol consumption;
• bronchopulmonary diseases;
• imbalance of the nervous system.

There are risk factors that provoke the appearance and development of tachycardia:

• nervous tension and constant stress;
• drug addiction, alcoholism and smoking;
• excessive coffee consumption.

Symptoms

Attacks of accelerated atrial contraction last from a few seconds to several hours and are characterized by a fast and even heart rate. This pathology manifests itself in people of all ages, but children are more often prone to tachycardia. Supraventricular tachycardia appears suddenly and is characterized by the following symptoms:

• acceleration of the heartbeat;
• feeling of tightness in the neck and chest;
• dizziness;
• loss of consciousness;
• feeling of anxiety, fear, discomfort.

With prolonged attacks, symptoms of heart failure appear:

• swelling of the limbs;
• the appearance of cyanotic areas on the lips, fingertips;
• dyspnea;
• a sharp drop in blood pressure.

Only with severe concomitant heart diseases, there is a danger to the life of the patient. Given the suddenness and severity of the attacks, the patient's quality of life is reduced, there is increasing tension and fear of another attack.

Diagnostics

• analysis of the course of the disease and patient complaints. Patients note a sharp onset and end of palpitations, shortness of breath, weakness, nausea, chest discomfort, fainting;
• life history analysis. The doctor detects the presence of disorders of the cardiovascular system in the patient's relatives, cases of sudden death. The level of physical activity of the patient is determined;
• physical or medical examination. The presence of obesity is recorded, pressure is measured. When listening to the heart rhythm, frequent rhythmic tones are noted;
• blood test - necessary to identify concomitant diseases;
• general urinalysis - also performed to determine additional violations;
• blood chemistry. With its help, determine the content of cholesterol, the level of sugar, potassium and other elements;
• ECG is the main diagnostic method, registers violations characteristic of tachycardia;
• daily monitoring of the electrocardiogram captures attacks of tachycardia that the patient does not feel. This method allows you to assess the beginning and end of paroxysms, identify the presence of arrhythmia and determine its nature;
• electrophysiological examination of the heart. The method involves the use of additional equipment and electrodes. Identifies the mechanism of development of supraventricular tachycardia and determines the grounds for surgical intervention;
• An echocardiogram is performed to determine structural changes in the heart.

First aid

Emergency care for an attack of supraventricular tachycardia is to carry out the following set of measures:

• provoking vomiting;
• massage of the right carotid node;
• pressure on the eyeballs;
• straining with pinched nose;
• pressing on the stomach;
• cold washing and wiping the face;
• taking sedatives (tincture of valerian, valocordin).

With the low efficiency of these actions, antiarrhythmic drugs (Verapamil and others) are used in the form of intravenous injections. If ischemia or fainting occurs, hospitalization is urgently required.

Treatment

Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia involves several treatment options:

Conservative treatment:

• aimed at preventing palpitations. For prevention, the cardiologist prescribes medications that restore the normal rhythm of the heart;
• to stop an attack of tachycardia, intravenous injections of antiarrhythmic drugs or electrical impulse therapy are used.

Stopping an attack with medication starts with beta-blockers. With low efficiency, a combination of beta-blockers and other antiarrhythmic drugs is used.

Surgery

According to the results of the ECG study and TPEFI, indications for surgical treatment are determined:

• regular and prolonged attacks of tachycardia and poor tolerance;
• continued heart palpitations after taking antiarrhythmic drugs;
• type of activity associated with a risk to life with fainting;
• cases where long-term drug therapy is undesirable or poorly tolerated.

Radiofrequency ablation is used as a surgical treatment. During the operation, an electrode is inserted into a large vein, it is passed into the cavity of the heart, and the pathological focus in the conducting system of the heart is destroyed by high-frequency current. With multiple foci, the procedure is repeated.

Radiofrequency ablation is an expensive procedure that has a number of complications. So, as a result of an unsuccessful operation, there is a disorder in the work of the ventricles, therefore, the installation of a pacemaker is required. The pacemaker can also be installed on a planned basis, when the pathways between the atria and ventricles are completely cut to treat arrhythmia.

Prevention

1. It is important to carry out the prevention of diseases that provoke the development of supraventricular paroxysmal tachycardia:
   • cardiac ischemia. A stable moderate physical activity, a rational balanced diet and quitting smoking and alcohol are necessary;
   • inflammation of the heart muscle. To prevent its occurrence, it is necessary first of all to treat colds at home, and not to go to work or school.
2. Eliminate psycho-emotional stress in the form of stress, conflicts, etc.
3. Refrain from using tobacco and alcohol.
4. Include moderate exercise in your daily routine.
5. Maintain a rational and balanced diet.
6. Control weight.
7. Monitor blood sugar and cholesterol levels.

Often, supraventricular tachycardia is of a genetic nature, therefore, relatives of a patient who has been diagnosed with supraventricular tachycardia are recommended to undergo a comprehensive examination:

• ECG - recording of the bioelectric fields of the heart;
• EchoCG - ultrasound examination of the heart;
• daily monitoring of the electrocardiogram.

Forecast

The prognosis of paroxysmal tachycardia is made taking into account the underlying cause, the frequency and duration of attacks, the development of complications, and the condition of the heart.

Often the disease allows patients to lead a full life. Rare paroxysms go away on their own or with little medical attention. The worst prognosis for stably severe tachycardias, which lead to disruption of the nervous system and internal organs, is disability.

Pain in the eyes with pressure often manifests itself when washing. Perhaps this is a common sign of overwork after a long work at the monitor, eye fatigue due to stress or as a result of a stressful situation.

However, the symptom is disturbing. Especially, if eye pain persists for a long time or recurs frequently.

Photo 1: If there is pain in the eye area with pressure, you should immediately consult a doctor to find out the cause. Otherwise, it threatens to worsen visual acuity. Source: flickr (Sofya Yaruya).

Causes of pain

There are a number of reasons that provoke the development of this symptom., among which are both harmless, at first glance, and quite serious, requiring immediate treatment:

• Primary and secondary glaucoma (increased intraocular pressure);
• tumor disease;
• Inflammation of the soft tissues around the eye or inside it;
• Past trauma;
• Fatigue, stress.

Pain on pressure under the eye

Important! To understand why the pain occurred, you should pay attention to additional symptoms and the nature of the pain.

Colds

The cause may be colds, accompanied by inflammation of the maxillary sinuses, sphenoid, frontal and ethmoid cavities. This is due to the fact that all these paranasal sinuses are located close to the orbits and, accordingly, when damaged, cause an inflammatory process in them, and often accompanied by pain when pressing on or under the eyeball.

Damage due to trauma

Severe injury does not go unnoticed, especially when it comes to the eye or head. Often, on the background of injury, due to hemorrhage, hematomas can occur, which causes pain in the eyes.

After an injury, the following symptoms may appear:

• The shape of the eye will change;
• There is swelling of the soft tissues around the eyeball, accompanied by a hematoma;
• Constant pain, which is aggravated by pressure, especially on the lower eyelid.

Photo 2: First of all, in the event of a situation, an examination is carried out for the presence of other injuries of the cranium and brain regions. After that, in the course of treatment, drugs are used that relieve swelling, or the consequences are eliminated with the help of surgical intervention. Source: flickr (David Eprykyan).

Pressure pain and redness

Inflammatory processes

Inflammation can occur in almost any of the eye membranes. The first sign is pain that bothers the patient all the time and intensifies when you press the eyeball. Most often, such a process occurs in the protein shell and is called sclerite. The cause can be fungal infections, bacteria, rheumatism, allergies, connective tissue diseases, tuberculosis.

The first bell indicating an ailment is reddening of the tissues of the protein membrane.

Pain on pressure and blinking

stress and fatigue

Despite the fact that the pain of this organ manifests itself in many factors, one of the more common is the impact of stressful situations or fatigue. Often, painful sensations manifest themselves in people whose profession is closely related to computers and papers. Visual muscles remain in a state of tension for a long time. These symptoms are called "Dry Eye Syndrome". Muscles can also get tired with incorrectly selected lenses or glasses, as well as with poorly performed correction.

The symptoms of the syndrome are:

• Feeling of dryness in the eyes;
• Pain when blinking and pressing (sometimes continuous aching).
• The problem is solved if you limit your time in front of the screen. As for the correction and glasses, in this case you need to visit an ophthalmologist.

Chronic form of glaucoma

The disease is characterized by the following features:

• Bursting pain when pressing on the eyeball or blinking;
• A person sees worse in the dark and perceives colors less;
• The objects at which the patient looks are bifurcated.

Important! Often, the first manifestations go unnoticed, but as the disease progresses, the pain becomes a constant guest.

Oncological diseases of the eye

Cancer processes affecting the posterior wall of the orbit or retrobulbar tissue, as well as metastatic lesions are not very common.

They are mainly accompanied by the formation of a cancerous node and recognized by a number of differences:

• Constant pain sensations of a aching nature, with pressure tend to intensify;
• Displacement of the visual axis;
• Weakness, fatigue, decreased appetite.

Photo 3: When it comes to cancer, treatment always involves surgery to remove the tumor, if the process has not already started. Source: flickr (centrkurort_photo).

Necessary measures

Any of the situations that have arisen requires a serious approach and a visit to a specialist, but before that, you can use tools that can slightly alleviate the pain.

If the cause is infection, conjunctivitis, or stye, you can use antibacterial drugs, ointments, and also make warm compresses from a decoction of calendula, chamomile or sage.

When tired eye drops are used that are similar in composition to human tears.

If pain is the result of an injury You can take pain relievers.

Regardless of the reasons, be sure to follow eye hygiene.

Treatment with homeopathic medicines

Important! Treatment with homeopathic remedies involves the impact on the underlying cause that caused the pain in the eyes.

Symptoms	Preparations
The eye hurts when pressed and blinking, due to fatigue and stress.	Oculohel (Oculoheel); Physostigma poisonous (Physostigma venenosum).
Eye pressure in chronic glaucoma.

The child is laid in a horizontal position (without a pillow). The assistant should firmly fix the head and arms of the child. The doctor places both thumbs with the palm of the hand on the eyeballs of the child, who is asked to take 3 to 4 deep breaths and then hold his breath on the last breath.

Pressure is produced with the ends of the thumbs on the closed eyes of the patient directly under the upper supraorbital arches in the backward direction.

The pressure is carried out for 3-4 s and should cause an unpleasant sensation in the child (be strong enough). At the same time, the heart rate is monitored.

The test can be repeated after 2-3 minutes. Contraindication to its use is severe myopia.

Carotid sinus massage (Chermak-Gering test)

The child is given a horizontal position, the head is slightly turned to one side.

The carotid artery is palpated directly at the angle of the lower jaw in front of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Massage is carried out with II - III fingers of the hand for 10 - 20 s.

The direction of the massage is back and towards the spine. The force of pressure should increase gradually. Massage usually begins on the right, when tachycardia stops or a pause occurs, it is immediately stopped.

"Emergency care in pediatrics", E.K. Tsybulkin

Heart failure is a condition in which the heart does not provide the body's need for blood supply. This can be both the result of a decrease in myocardial contractility, and a consequence of rhythm disturbances that disrupt cardiac outflow. Acute heart failure The main damaging moments and stages of pathogenesis. In pediatric practice, acute heart failure is most often observed in children of the first 3 years of life ....

The main damaging factors and stages of pathogenesis Under shock in the modern view, most authors [Shuteu Yu. et al., 1981; Shuster X. P. et al., 1981] understand an acute progressive decrease in tissue perfusion. It can occur due to hypovolemia during blood loss (hemorrhagic and traumatic shock), plasma loss (burn shock), loss of water and electrolytes (angidremic shock), due to primary damage to the peripheral vascular ...

The most striking external sign of the height of the disease is skin-hemorrhagic syndrome. Within 2 - 3 hours on the skin of the lower extremities (more often), the abdomen, the anterior chest wall, dark blue spots appear like ecchymosis or a stellate and hemorrhagic rash that does not disappear with pressure. Ecchymoses increase rapidly, merge one with another, and within an hour spread throughout ...

Most often, sodium hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is used intramuscularly or intravenously as an anticonvulsant; short-acting barbiturates (hexenal). The latter is used rectally (10% solution - 0.5 ml / kg), intramuscularly (5% solution - 0.5 ml / kg) or intravenously (slowly 1% solution until the effect is obtained, but not more than 15 mg / kg). To prevent the vagotonic action of the barbiturate, atropine is preliminarily administered. It should be noted,…

Classification The mechanisms of development of acute and chronic heart failure are not fundamentally different, but the classification of V. Kh. Vasilenko and N. D. Strazhesko in relation to acute heart failure in clinical practice does not justify itself. Stage I heart failure in conditions of an acute infectious process does not, as a rule, have reliable diagnostic criteria. In addition, an acute illness itself can…

The eye can hurt when pressed due to overwork of the visual apparatus or diseases of the body. You can detect a symptom during washing, morning rubbing of the eyes.

There are several reasons why the eye hurts when pressed. Not all causes are dangerous to health.

Fatigue of the visual organ

Fatigue occurs due to working at a computer, wearing contact lenses for a long time, and driving a car for a long time. With pain from pressure, it is necessary to limit visual stress, perform gymnastics for the eyes.

Damage to the organ of vision

Mechanical damage and pain when pressed cause:

• foreign body;
• tattoo;

It is necessary to remove the foreign body, instill eye drops "Albucid", "Levomycetin" to prevent infectious complications. In case of damage, drops "Defislez", "Artificial tear" will help.

If the eyeball hurts when pressed due to an increase in IOP, this is a sign of glaucoma. Therapy - a decrease in intraocular pressure with drops of "Pilocarpine". With the ineffectiveness of medications, an operation is performed to form pathways for the outflow of aqueous humor.

Vascular problems

Vascular disorders include: capillary atrophy, inflammation, vasospasm. The causes that caused problems with the vessels can be inflammation, trauma, increased IOP, somatic diseases. Treatment is the prescription of medications depending on the cause.

Inflammatory processes of the eyes

Bacterial and viral diseases (uveitis, scleritis, barley, herpes) are additionally accompanied by redness, swelling, and lacrimation. For the treatment of bacterial diseases, drops "Levomycetin", "Albucid" are prescribed, for the night - ointments "Tetracycline", "Tobrex". Viral diseases are treated with Ophthalmoferon drops.

dry eye syndrome

Overdrying of the eye occurs due to the tension of the organ of vision, lack of vitamins, autoimmune diseases. The eye may hurt when pressed, watery and redden. Treat with moisturizing drops "Vizin", "Artificial tear".

Strabismus therapy consists of wearing an occlusive bandage, fitting glasses, hardware and surgical treatment.

Inflammation of the trigeminal nerve

The defeat of the trigeminal nerve can occur due to infectious causes, compression, trauma. Typical shooting pain. Treatment is carried out by neurologists (anticonvulsants, painkillers, blockades).

Oncology

The eyeball may hurt when pressed due to a neoplasm in the orbit. The tumor grows and compresses the structures of the visual organ. Treatment is carried out by oncologists: the tumor is removed, radiation and chemotherapy are prescribed.

Infectious and viral diseases of the body

As a secondary symptom in infectious conditions (ARVI, sinusitis), pressure may hurt the eyeball. Therapy consists in removing the infection from the body with antibacterial or antiviral drugs.

Headache

The occurrence of pain in the head is possible from fatigue, stress, long tension. Secondarily, the eyeball may hurt. Popular headache remedies: Pentalgin, Mig, Citramon.

High blood pressure

High blood pressure can cause headaches and eye pain. Selection of antihypertensive therapy is necessary.

First aid for a symptom depends on the cause. If the eyes hurt when pressed due to overstrain of the visual organ, then you need to give the body a rest. Pain of an inflammatory nature is relieved by anti-inflammatory drugs. In case of injury, apply cold to closed eyelids.

Diagnostics

If you suspect that the eye hurts when pressed due to a possible disease, then you should contact an ophthalmologist.

At the initial consultation, the doctor will examine the visual apparatus, tonometry, biomicroscopy and ophthalmoscopy. For a deeper diagnosis, the doctor will prescribe an ultrasound of the eyeballs, MRI and CT of the eye orbits.

In the presence of concomitant diseases, the ophthalmologist will refer you to the consultation of specialized specialists.

If you find that your eye hurts from pressure, in no case continue to apply pressure. This may lead to a worsening of the condition.

With strong pressure on the eyeball, more picturesque phosphenes appear. If you put your index fingers to the eyeball at the nose and lightly press them towards the temples, the field of vision is illuminated, and after a few seconds there is a flickering image in the form of a checkerboard or a moving field of bright points arranged in an elegant complex pattern around the luminous center. Gradually releasing your fingers, you can see how the chessboard disappears, while sometimes the center remains illuminated. If now the eyes are pressed again, bright broken lines appear, resembling a system of blood vessels, and if the fingers are removed, a beautiful filigree image again appears for a while. The checkerboard pattern that shifts when you look away may reflect to some extent the location of the retinal nervous system. On the other hand, the filigree may arise in the course of a further visual process, since it remains unchanged no matter where the person looks. Phosphenes arising under the action of pressure, like external light, affect the "successive image" ("afterimage"). "Afterimage" is the image that appears before the eyes after a person stares at a bright light source for several seconds. "Afterimage" can be negative. It occurs when you look from a bright light to a dimly lit white wall. A dark image will appear. A negative "afterimage" also occurs if you simply close your eyes and press on them. The "light" from the appeared phosphenes will serve as a background. The phosphenes formed by pressing on the eyes have their own negative images. With light pressure on the eyeball, phosphenes appear in the form of dark circles, but only if the eye is ajar and directed to a well-lit surface.

Phosphenes of various shapes are formed during a sharp movement of the eyes in the dark. Waking up, for example, in a dark room, you can see the phosphenes characteristic of this case: a fan-shaped explosion of yellow sparkling arcs. At first they are clearly distinguishable, but when you try to call them again, they become blurry. The late Bernard Nebel of the Argonne National Laboratory studied in detail the phosphenes produced by motion. He suggested that they could be caused by inertial resistance acting on the retina from the side of the vitreous body - a transparent gel that fills the eyeball.

Phosphenes also occur under the action of various chemicals, in particular alcohol. A person in a state of delirium tremens sometimes imagines a field of bright moving spots, which he sometimes takes for insects crawling along the wall. The same phosphenes are caused by scarlet fever toxins. Some drugs often produce abstract forms of phosphenes. Phosphenes appear to be an important characteristic of cerebral intoxication with psychotropic drugs.