The body, how and for what purpose it is measured, doctors call one of the most valuable for a woman who is conscious of her own health and future motherhood. So, the compilation method is very, very informative for those ladies who are extremely important to get information about the hormonal changes taking place in the body, depending on the phase of the menstrual cycle, and the possibility (or impossibility) of pregnancy associated with these changes. The fact is that it is the hormones that cause changes in the basal body temperature in a particular period of the cycle: if the first half of it passes under the sign of estrogen dominance in the body, then the second phase of the menstrual cycle proceeds with an increase in the level of progesterone in the body. And this “tipping point” - the transition from the “estrogen” to the “progesterone” period - is the moment: the most favorable time for successful conception and subsequent bearing of the baby.

Basal body temperature: what is it and how does it change

Basal body temperature in specialized literature is the lowest body temperature in the period immediately after sleep. A woman can measure the basal temperature in three different ways to choose from: in the mouth, in the vagina or in the rectum. At the same time, the choice of a thermometer is unimportant - both a classic mercury thermometer and a supernova electronic thermometer can be used to measure temperature indicators. But a prerequisite for observing all the rules for measuring basal temperature with the subsequent drawing up of a temperature chart is the rule of the thermometer's invariability: the basal temperature is always recorded exclusively by the same thermometer, because the errors of each individual thermometer are even 1 tenth of a degree different. Accordingly, the use of different thermometers may well be the reason for drawing up an incorrect temperature graph.

Temperature indicators when measuring basal temperature throughout the entire menstrual cycle change and directly depend on hormonal fluctuations. Specialists divide the menstrual cycle into 3 periods: follicular (the period of time before ovulation), ovulatory (the period of release of a mature egg from the ovary) and luteal (the period after ovulation before the onset of menstruation). In the basal temperature chart being compiled, at the same time, the menstrual period is divided into 2 periods by changing the curve: the follicular and luteal phases. The transition from one phase to another - the ovulatory period - becomes the most suitable time for conceiving a child, for which, in most cases, the mentioned schedules are compiled.

The follicular period is characterized by the prevalence of estrogens in the female body, this is the time of low temperatures: the basal temperature will now be kept at 36.2-36.5 degrees. With the onset of the luteal phase, on the eve of the release of the egg from the ovary, the temperature drops even more, by about 0.1 degrees, and then a sharp jump in temperature upwards follows - the active production of progesterone causes an increase in basal temperature to 37.2-37.5 degrees. Such temperature indicators will be maintained until the start of the next menstruation, after which a gradual decrease in basal temperature should be expected.

So, drawing up a schedule of basal temperature with a daily indication of temperature levels will allow you to optimally calculate the most favorable days for successful conception, as well as the days for actually safe sex. Please note that for each woman, depending on the characteristics and duration of the menstrual cycle, the duration of the follicular phase will be different. At the same time, the luteal phase always has approximately the same duration: from 10 to 14 days. For example, if the menstrual cycle is optimal 28 days, the phases of estrogen and progesterone dominance will be approximately equal. If the cycle is shortened or, conversely, longer, the estrogen dominance phase decreases or increases.

How to measure basal temperature?

In order to get the most accurate basal temperature chart, according to which it will be possible to navigate and calculate the chances of conception, a number of specific rules must be strictly observed. After all, even seemingly insignificant acts or interventions from outside subjective factors affect the temperature indicators of the body. By the way, keep in mind that by observing the basal temperature for several months, it is also possible to identify possible hormonal problems in the body. For example, elevated temperatures in the first phase indicate a deficiency of estrogen in the body, while lower temperatures in the second phase may indicate insufficient production of progesterone now. But a smooth schedule, without any special temperature changes and sharp jumps in the schedule, can be an alarming signal of the absence of ovulation and inability to conceive. In any of the above cases, it is advisable, if possible, to consult a doctor as soon as possible and undergo a diagnosis for possible hormonal disorders.

You can correctly and accurately track the basal temperature and draw up the correct schedule, be sure to follow the written rules. So how to measure basal temperature so that the chart is as informative as possible?

• Basal temperature is measured exclusively after sleep, without getting out of bed and before any physical activity. Temperature measurement should always take place at the same time: if you wake up at 8 am, then the temperature should be taken daily at the same time. In the case when, for example, on a weekend, awakening occurs a little later (and, accordingly, measurements are also made with a time shift), it is necessary to make a note about this state of affairs in the schedule.
• The duration of uninterrupted sleep before measuring basal temperature should be at least 4-6 hours. So, if, for example, you woke up at 6 o'clock in the morning for a small need, and then go to bed, it is better to measure the temperature immediately after waking up "with a urge": waking up at 8.00 you will no longer receive accurate data. And, even after sleeping more than 3 hours after a preliminary awakening, the data will be less accurate than received a few hours earlier.
• Having decided on the method of measuring temperature (orally, rectally or in the vagina), in the future it is necessary to use this method as the only one without moving the thermometer. Otherwise, there is no need to talk about the exact schedule. The temperature should also be measured during menstruation, each time recording it immediately after the measurements, so as not to forget to do it later.
• The following factors can influence temperature indicators: drinking alcohol the night before or at night; stressful conditions; various diseases, including those with an increase in body temperature; insomnia; moving or flying with climate change; taking medications; sex a few hours before waking up. Please note that it is not possible to plot a basal temperature chart while taking hormonal drugs or contraceptives.

basal body temperature chart

Drawing up the actual schedule of basal temperature - in fact, the matter is not so difficult. For the graph, you need an ordinary checkered leaflet, which is drawn by hand: horizontal and vertical rays are drawn from one point. On the horizontal beam, the days of the menstrual cycle are marked, on the vertical - degrees are fixed, with the calculation of 1 cell = 0.1 degrees. Every morning, when measuring basal temperature, you should immediately make an appropriate mark in the chart, marking the indicators with a dot.

For the greatest reliability, it is better to draw up a schedule for at least 3 cycles. And after - you can study the dynamics of the change in the curve, determining the day of ovulation.

Seeing two long-awaited strips on the test, you begin to carefully monitor any changes that occur in the body.

The basal temperature during pregnancy in the early stages responds to the smallest fluctuations in the hormonal system and allows you to calculate deviations from the norm and promptly seek help from a antenatal clinic.

What is basal body temperature

• The basal or basic temperature (hereinafter referred to as BT) is the one that is practically not affected by the external environment;
• You can get its values ​​\u200b\u200bin the morning hours, without getting out of bed, after a full night's sleep;
• Measurements are taken using a thermometer placed in the mouth, vagina or rectum;
• BBT values ​​are influenced by hormones such as estrogen and progesterone, the level of which varies according to the days of the menstrual cycle.

Know! Obstetrician-gynecologists consider BT an indicator of the health of the female reproductive system. Comparison of schedules for several cycles can reveal hormonal disorders, the period of ovulation, as well as inflammatory processes.

Even at the stage of planning a child, BBT values ​​will help determine the favorable period for conception without the use of expensive tests and ultrasound diagnostics. The only caveat is the strict observance of all norms during the measurements.

Why can you trust your basal body temperature?

The menstrual period consists of two phases.

1. During the transition from one phase to another, ovulation is observed. The whole essence of the method is to build a graph based on daily BT readings;
2. The first half of the cycle is characterized by low numbers, and the second half is high, due to the influence of progesterone.

Ovulation on the chart looks like a sharp drop.

The value of BBT about a day before the onset of ovulation drops rapidly, and the next day it also rises sharply. Evidence of the imminent onset of menstruation are reduced values ​​of BT, but during fertilization in the second phase, they will be steadily increased.

You can use the basal temperature measurement method if:

• trying to get pregnant lasts longer than a year;
• it is necessary to identify violations in the work of sex hormones;
• you need to predict a good time for conception;
• it is necessary to determine the presence of pregnancy before the fact of delayed menstrual bleeding.

How to determine pregnancy by basal temperature?

The entire menstrual period can be tracked on the basal temperature chart. During pregnancy, the picture is significantly different from that which can be seen during a normal cycle.

1. The very first phase of the female period is follicular (hypothermic). At this time, the formation of the follicle occurs, inside which the egg matures. The first phase is characterized by increased production of estrogen due to the increased work of the ovaries;

Favorable values ​​of BT are from 36.1 to 36.8 degrees. Values ​​at the upper end of the range are usually accompanied by a lack of estrogen. In such cases, doctors recommend appropriate hormone therapy.

1. The moment of ovulation. The follicle ruptures under the action of LH (luteinizing hormone) and the egg is released, and a hormonal surge occurs. At this stage, BT values ​​increase sharply to 37.0-37.7 degrees;
2. The last phase is luteal (hyperthermic). Instead of a bursting follicle, a corpus luteum begins to form, which is a source of progesterone.

• In the case of fertilization of the egg (during the implantation, the BT decreases) - it enters the uterus. At the same time, the corpus luteum continues to grow, releasing hormones that allow you to maintain pregnancy and prevent uterine contractions;

It is these hormones that make the BBT values ​​stay at the upper limits. The corpus luteum functions until the complete formation of the placenta.

• Favorable values ​​of BT are above 37 degrees;
• If conception does not occur, the corpus luteum collapses and hormone levels drop. BBT values ​​also decrease and menstrual bleeding occurs.

Temperature is below ovulation

Usually, the value of basal temperature during early pregnancy is 37.1-37.3 degrees.

It happens a little lower, within 36.9 degrees.

You can find this out by recording your basal body temperatures over several cycles.

The only constant sign of the possible fact of pregnancy is the absence of a lower basal temperature after the release of the egg from the ovary.

Features of "pregnant" and "non-pregnant" charts

To understand which basal temperature is characteristic of the body during pregnancy, and which one - with various pathologies, you need to pay attention to the main characteristics of the graphs.

"Pregnant" schedule:

1. low BBT in the follicular phase of the cycle;
2. ovulation is clearly identified (a sharp jump in BBT up);
3. increased BT in the luteal phase of the cycle;
4. somewhere on the 21st day, the values ​​​​of BT decrease noticeably (implantation of the egg occurs) and then the temperature rises again;
5. there is a third phase of the cycle - gestational - with a BBT value equal to or greater than ovulatory.

Normal "non-pregnant" schedule:

• in the first phase, BT values ​​​​are below 37 degrees;
• immediately after the ovulation phase, BBT begins to rise and continues to be at the level of 37 degrees almost until the end of the second phase;
• a few days before the onset of menstrual bleeding, the value of BT drops sharply.

The anovulatory schedule is characterized by chaotic bursts of BBT throughout the cycle. Such periods occur in women up to three times a year.

How to measure the temperature to determine pregnancy

The most accurate readings will be with the rectal insertion of a thermometer. In this case, the thermometer can be either electronic or mercury, depending on personal preferences. The following are the basic rules for how to measure basal body temperature to determine pregnancy:

1. Measurement of basal temperature when planning pregnancy should be done daily in the morning at a certain time after sleep, lasting more than six hours. Do not leave bed soon after waking up or sit up abruptly;

In addition, frequent walking during the night rest distorts the research data.

1. In the daytime and evening hours, there are quite strong fluctuations in BBT due to stress, increased activity or banal fatigue. It is not necessary to double-check the morning measurements in the afternoon and evening, as this is not informative;
2. With a mercury thermometer, the temperature is measured within 6-10 minutes, with an electronic thermometer - from 2 to 3 minutes or until a sound signal;
3. For clarity, it is best to start taking measurements and build a graph from the day of the onset of menstruation. This will allow you to see the temperature difference during the transition from one phase of the cycle to another and evaluate the hormonal background;
4. For the convenience of taking measurements, you can use a regular paper sheet, a printed template, or applications that automatically build graphs based on the entered data.

For your information. The following factors influence the BT indicators:

• alcohol;
• sex a few hours before the measurement procedure;
• stress;
• infectious diseases;
• too warm bed, for example, from a heating pad;
• hypothermia of the lower extremities.

If any of the above factors took place, it is worth making a note about it.

What indicators allow us to conclude that the pregnancy did not take place?

High basal temperature, which persist for a long time, with a possible pregnancy, until confirmation of the fact of the delay, unfortunately, is not always a sign of successful conception.

In some cases, such a change may be associated with inflammatory processes in the appendages, and sometimes indicate complications during the gestational period.

Important! It is worth paying attention that there is no need to start panicking when abnormalities are found, since each organism is unique. In case of any doubt, it is better to consult a specialist for an accurate diagnosis.

BT at risk of miscarriage

The threat of miscarriage is associated with insufficient production of the hormone progesterone, which supports pregnancy. This happens when there are problems with the hormonal background and an incorrectly functioning corpus luteum, which normally appears instead of the follicle.

Know! With this pathology, the values ​​\u200b\u200bdo not exceed 37 degrees.

Thus, if the basal temperature during pregnancy is 36.8 or one tenth of a degree higher, you should pay attention to this and try to understand the reasons for such changes.

BT in missed pregnancy

If the development of the embryo stops, the gland formed at the site of the follicle begins to break down, and the level of progesterone, therefore, falls. This leads to a decrease in BT values ​​\u200b\u200bto 36.4 - 36.9 degrees.

There are times when, when the embryo freezes, the temperature continues to be kept at a fairly high level. True, it happens when a lower temperature is not at all an indicator of fading. You should always listen to yourself and your inner state.

BT in ectopic pregnancy

Important! In this case, the production of progesterone by the corpus luteum does not stop, as in the normal course of pregnancy. It is impossible to draw conclusions on the basis of BT values ​​in this case.

In the second and third trimesters, it does not play a significant role. It is important to remember that accuracy in measurements is necessary, as any deviations affect the interpretation of the results.

Ask questions about the topic of the article!

Not many women know how to measure and graph basal temperature correctly, but all representatives of the weaker sex should have this skill. After all, the measurement of basal temperature is necessary not only for any pathology, but will help you deal with your body and shed light on many questions.

What does the concept of "basal temperature" mean?

Basal temperature is the lowest body temperature that was recorded after a long state of rest, that is, sleep. Basal temperature is measured in the rectum, in the vagina or in the mouth. Unlike the true temperature, the basal temperature is always slightly higher (only a couple of tenths of a degree). Gynecologists believe that the most indicative is the basal temperature measured in the rectum, so its other name is rectal temperature.

The need to measure basal temperature

Measurement of basal temperature and drawing up its schedule refers to one of the tests of functional diagnostics. And although this method has been used for a long time, it has not lost its relevance to this day, since the measurement of basal temperature not only helps in the diagnosis of gynecological diseases, but the method itself is simple and cheap.

In what cases is the measurement of basal temperature indicated:

• the desire to become pregnant, and this requires setting the day of ovulation;
• protection against unwanted pregnancy, that is, the definition of so-called safe days;
• as an additional diagnostic method for inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs;
• disruptions in hormonal regulation (, habitual miscarriage, ovarian dysfunction);
• infertility (it doesn't matter which partner is "guilty");
• establishing the duration of the phases of the menstrual cycle and ovulation;
• delayed menstruation and establishing its cause (possibly pregnancy);
• threatening or incipient miscarriage (assessment of the effectiveness of treatment and positive/negative dynamics);
• calculate the time of the next menstruation;
• desire to become pregnant with a child of a certain gender.

In order for the compiled schedule of basal temperature to be as informative as possible, its measurement must be carried out for (at least) three menstrual cycles and without interruption (the temperature was recorded for one month, and not for the next - incorrectly). Firstly, this need is due to the fact that even a healthy woman can have one or two anovulatory cycles during the year, and, secondly, it is possible to identify the influence of certain circumstances in one cycle, which, accordingly, makes the graph indicative ( and for comparison, there are several other menstrual cycles).

But the main thing that every woman should know is that measuring basal temperature while taking hormonal contraceptive pills is an absolute waste of time, since the artificial hormones contained in the pills suppress both ovulation and the production of their own hormones.

How to measure basal temperature correctly

In order for the compiled graph to display the correct results, and therefore be able to help in the diagnosis of pathology, you need to know how to measure the basal temperature correctly. The main condition for measuring temperature is responsibility and discipline. The list includes a few simple rules:

• temperature measurement is carried out immediately after waking up (preliminary “trips” to the toilet, drink water, etc. are excluded);
• sleep duration should be at least 3 hours, and preferably 6;
• once the thermometer is in place, do not move or keep movement to a minimum for the duration of the measurement (motor activity increases the temperature);
• temperature measurement must be carried out at a certain time (plus or minus an hour);
• a mercury thermometer is preferable for measuring basal temperature;
• the thermometer should be "at hand" (on the bedside table or table);
• when measuring temperature in the mouth or in the vagina, the measurement time is at least 5 minutes, and when measuring in the rectum, at least 3 minutes;
• temperature measurement is also performed on the days of menstruation;
• shake the mercury thermometer in the evening;
• record temperature data immediately after measurement;
• the measurement is carried out by one method (if it was carried out in the rectum, continue to measure the temperature rectally;
• the thermometer must be one, it is not allowed to replace it.

What thermometer to measure basal temperature?

There are 2 types of thermometers. The first - the "old" version - is mercury, and the second - modern - electronic. Many people think that it is better to measure basal temperature with a modern electronic thermometer and they will be wrong. An electronic thermometer shows the temperature with errors and is good only for a one-time temperature determination, but the basal temperature must be measured for at least three months and errors can blur the existing picture. Therefore, to measure the basal temperature, it is necessary to use a conventional mercury thermometer.

When determining the temperature in the rectum with an electronic thermometer, you should follow the rules for using the device. When the temperature measurement process is completed, the thermometer beeps, which means that it must be removed. The final value must be recorded not immediately after extraction, but after 0.5 - 1 minute, because the temperature on the scale will rise for some time.

How to chart your basal temperature

For convenience, both compiling and reading the basal temperature graph, it should be placed on a double notebook sheet in a cage. The days of the menstrual cycle and the date are marked horizontally, and the basal temperature readings are marked vertically. From the point of 37 degrees horizontally, a red line should be drawn parallel to the line of the days of the cycle. This is a control line that will make it easier to read the chart and highlight the phases of the menstrual cycle and ovulation.

A separate column (below, under the horizontal line) should make “highlights”. The quality and quantity of vaginal discharge is related to the phase of the menstrual cycle. For example, on the eve and on the day of ovulation, they are liquid, plentiful and look like egg white, and in the second phase of the discharge they are thicker and have a milky color.

The column "miscellaneous" stands out even lower. Any force majeure circumstances are entered in this column: air travel, drinking alcohol, business trip, sex at night or in the morning, a short sleep, a cold, and so on.

The points that are plotted on the graph daily and denoting temperature values ​​are connected to each other. Thus, a broken line is obtained.

In a healthy woman, the menstrual cycle is divided into 2 phases: follicular and luteal, which is clearly visible on the graph, since the curve will be broken, first the temperature stays below 37 degrees, then jumps sharply and becomes above 37. Estrogens are active in the follicular phase, under the action of which the main follicle matures, so the graph will display a curve that is below 37 degrees. The follicular phase lasts about 12-14 days. On the eve of ovulation, the temperature drops by 0.2 - 0.4 degrees (preovulatory depression), and with its onset, the temperature rises and becomes 0.2 - 0.4 degrees above the 37-degree line. Then the luteal phase begins, which lasts for 14 days, and the graphic line will be above 37 degrees. Such an increase in temperature in the second phase is explained by the action of progesterone, which affects the center of thermoregulation. Before menstruation, the level of progesterone drops, which means that the schedule will decrease. If the temperature remains the same (above 37), besides, menstruation does not begin, this indicates a possible pregnancy.

We measure basal temperature during pregnancy

A basal temperature chart can be the first sign of pregnancy before a missed period. As mentioned above, basal temperature data fluctuate and depend on the phase of the menstrual cycle, which is determined by sex hormones. If in the follicular (first) phase the temperature should normally be below 37 degrees, then in the luteal or second phase the temperature will rise above 37 and stay at this level for about 14 days (plus - minus 2 days). On the eve of ovulation, it retracts, and immediately after the release of the egg from the ovary, it rises by 0.4 - 0.5 degrees and begins to decline only before the start of the next menstruation. If the temperature does not decrease on the eve of the expected menstruation and still remains above 37 degrees, then pregnancy can be assumed. The absence of menstruation on time plus an increased basal temperature requires a pregnancy test, which in 99% of cases will be positive.

The method of determining a probable pregnancy by basal temperature only works for ovulatory cycles that have been previously confirmed either by a basal temperature chart, or by ovulation tests, or by ultrasound. But if there is no ovulation, then no matter how long the temperature rises, this does not mean that conception has occurred, even if there is no next menstruation. For example, with hyperprolactinemia, when the pituitary gland produces an increased amount of prolactin, which is responsible for the production of milk, both signs may be present: a basal temperature above 37 degrees and the absence of menstruation.

From the foregoing, it becomes clear that basal temperature during early pregnancy remains high until the expected menstruation and does not decrease the rest of the time (against the background of a delay in menstruation and subject to confirmed ovulation in previous cycles).

Implant retraction

Speaking about the graph of basal temperature during pregnancy, one cannot remain silent about such a phenomenon as implantation retraction. Implantation is the process of introducing a fertilized egg into the lining of the uterus. That is, up to this point, even with the fusion of the egg and sperm, it is premature to talk about the onset of pregnancy. Only when the fertilized egg is fixed in the uterine wall and establishes a connection with the mother's body, we can assume that conception has occurred and the pregnancy continues to develop.

Against the background of implantation retraction, there is a slight (0.1 - 0.3 degrees) drop in temperature in the second phase of the cycle (the woman does not yet know about the onset of pregnancy and expects menstruation). If the moment of ovulation is clearly visible on the temperature chart, since the difference between ovulation and the beginning of the luteal phase of the cycle is 0.5 degrees, then implantation retraction is characterized by small fluctuations, so it is quite difficult to notice it. This phenomenon is noted approximately 7-9 days after the release of the egg from the ovary. This symptom is not a 100% guarantee of pregnancy. Additional criteria for this phenomenon are implantation bleeding (1-2 drops of pink or reddish color on underwear), which is also not observed in all women.

Ectopic pregnancy

Many women think that basal temperature during ectopic pregnancy does not rise. In fact, this statement is incorrect. It does not matter where the fertilized egg is fixed, in the uterus, in the tube or somewhere else, progesterone and hCG will be produced in any case.

Therefore, the basal temperature during an ectopic pregnancy will be above 37 degrees. From which it follows that it is impossible to determine the localization of the embryo from the graph of basal temperature.

Normal basal body temperature

It is not recommended to measure basal temperature for all women, and even more so, it is not measured for the entire period of pregnancy, but only up to 12 weeks. As a rule, the doctor recommends keeping a temperature chart for women at high risk of miscarriage (difficult working conditions, complications of past pregnancies, such as miscarriages, premature births, etc.).

The basal temperature during pregnancy is normally in the range of 37.1 - 37.3 degrees, but its higher rates (up to 38) are not considered a pathology. Any deviation from the norm requires immediate medical advice.

Decreased basal body temperature

An unfavorable sign is a decrease in basal temperature in the first trimester of pregnancy. This indicates a threat of interruption or a missed pregnancy. Moreover, a drop in basal temperature is possible even before the appearance of clinical manifestations (bleeding, aching or pulling pains in the lower abdomen and / or in the lower back). A drop in basal temperature is said to occur when it reaches 37 degrees and below. The same sign - low temperature is also observed during ectopic pregnancy, on the eve or at the time of rupture of the fallopian tube or tubal abortion.

Increase in basal body temperature

If the basal temperature is above 38 degrees for several days, this also indicates trouble in the body. Inflammatory processes of the genital organs, colds and other diseases are not excluded.

But the elevated temperature can be due to other factors:

• violation of measurement rules;
• taking medication;
• motor activity before and at the time of measurement, and others.

The human body is an amazing and delicate system. On the one hand, typical processes, cycles and situations occur in each of us, on the other hand, in each specific organism they all have their own characteristics. Perhaps the most striking example of this can be considered the female body and its reproductive system.

Every woman over the age of 15 is certainly familiar with the menstrual cycle. In any case, with his external resistance - menstruation. However, the essence of the cycle and related processes eludes many. Although knowledge of these processes helps not only to plan your time correctly, taking into account the menstrual cycle, but also to diagnose pregnancy in the early stages. But this is the dream of so many women planning a pregnancy.

A schedule for measuring basal temperature during pregnancy before delay can help with this. However, in order for this to become possible, the schedule must be maintained for at least 3-4 months. Only this will allow you to trace the features of changes in basal temperature in a particular woman.

What is basal temperature and how is it measured

We all know from childhood how body temperature is measured - a thermometer under the arm, wait five minutes and see the result. However, few people know that this is how the skin temperature is measured, and no more. The temperature of the internal organs and cavities will be slightly different. That is why many doctors now recommend measuring the temperature in the mouth or in the auricle.

And there is also such a thing - basal temperature, or rectal. To find out, the measurement must be carried out in the rectum. Moreover, this must be done strictly following certain rules, since a huge number of factors affect the basal temperature, starting with physical activity.

How should basal temperature be measured to determine pregnancy in the early stages?

• it is important to measure the temperature at the same time, with a difference of no more than 30 minutes;
• you need to take measurements in the morning without getting out of bed, you can’t even take a sitting position;
• keep the thermometer for at least 5-7 minutes;
• it is necessary to take readings immediately after you pull out the thermometer;
• the received data are entered into the chart;
• be sure to mark in the chart the possible reasons for the deviation from the usual schedule, such as a cold, inflammation, and so on.

Why measure basal temperature?

The fact is that the basal temperature changes during the cycle in a certain pattern. At the beginning of the cycle, it decreases, by the time of ovulation, on the contrary, it becomes higher. That is, if you keep a graph of changes in basal temperature, you can calculate the most favorable days for conception. Usually, it is for this purpose that women take up this occupation. What happens to the basal temperature during pregnancy before the delay? And can BT be considered a sign of pregnancy?

Change in basal temperature during pregnancy

As mentioned above, in the first part of the cycle, starting approximately from 3 or 4 days after the end of menstruation, the basal temperature drops to 36.5-36.8 degrees. This temperature is necessary for the maturation of the egg. The day before ovulation, the temperature drops sharply, and then rises no less sharply to about 37 degrees, sometimes a little higher.

About a week before the onset of menstruation, the basal temperature begins to decrease, unless, of course, pregnancy occurs. What if it comes?

The thing is that the hormone progesterone, which begins to be produced immediately after ovulation, is responsible for the increase in basal temperature during ovulation.

If conception does not occur, then the level of progesterone decreases, therefore, the basal body temperature also decreases. If conception occurs, then the level of progesterone is maintained, and the temperature remains high. Basal temperature during pregnancy before delay is about 37 degrees.

If a woman keeps a chart of basal temperature for several months, then in the event of pregnancy, she will notice that about a week before the start of menstruation, the basal temperature, instead of the usual decrease, continues to remain at 37 degrees. In this case, you can most likely assume that you are pregnant.

Basal body temperature can be calculated first sign of pregnancy before the delay. However, keep in mind that this is not the most reliable way. The fact is that an increase in basal temperature can be caused by other reasons, including gynecological diseases, infectious processes, physical activity, taking certain medications, and so on.

Measurement of basal body temperature (BT). Rules. Deciphering basal temperature charts

Basal temperature - This resting body temperature after at least 6 hours of sleep. In different phases of the menstrual cycle, the basal temperature in a woman is constantly changing under the influence of hormonal changes in the female body.

Measurement of basal body temperature BT - a simple functional test that every woman can learn at home. The method is based on the hyperthermic (temperature) effect of progesterone on the thermoregulatory center located in the hypothalamus.

Why you need a basal temperature chart

By drawing up a graph of fluctuations in basal temperature, you can absolutely accurately predict not only the phase of the menstrual cycle at the moment, but also suspect possible deviations from the norm. Let's list what exactly you might need basal body temperature measurement skill in everyday life:

1. If you want to get pregnant and cannot predict when ovulation occurs - a favorable moment for conceiving a child - the release of a mature egg capable of fertilization from the ovarian follicle into the abdominal cavity;
or vice versa - you do not want to get pregnant, thanks to the basal temperature (BT) you can predict “dangerous days”.
2. To determine pregnancy in the early stages with a delay in menstruation.
3. With regular measurement of basal temperature, you can determine the possible reason for the delay in menstruation: pregnancy, lack of ovulation or late ovulation.
4. If your gynecologist suspects that you have hormonal disorders, you or your partner is infertile: if after one year of regular intercourse pregnancy has not occurred, the gynecologist may recommend that you measure basal body temperature (BT) to determine the possible causes of infertility.
5. If you want to plan the gender of your unborn child.

How to measure basal temperature (BT) correctly

As you can see, the correct measurement of basal temperature (BT) helps to answer many important questions. Most women know why they need to measure basal temperature (BT), but few know how to properly conduct a study. Let's try to deal with this issue.

Firstly, you need to immediately understand for yourself that no matter what the obtained indicators of basal temperature (BT) are, this is not a reason for self-diagnosis, and even more so for self-treatment. Only a qualified gynecologist should deal with the interpretation of basal temperature charts.

Secondly, there is no need to draw any fleeting conclusions - basal body temperature (BT) needs at least 3 menstrual cycles to more or less accurately answer questions - when do you ovulate, do you have hormonal disorders, etc. d.

Basic rules for measuring basal temperature (BT)

1. It is necessary to measure basal temperature (BT) from the first day of the menstrual cycle (from the first day of menstruation), otherwise the graph will not reflect the full dynamics of changes.

2. You can measure basal temperature (BT) in the mouth, in the vagina or in the anus, the latter is more preferable. Many gynecologists believe that it is the rectal method that is more reliable and gives fewer errors than all the others. In the mouth, you need to measure the temperature for about 5 minutes, in the vagina and in the rectum for about 3 minutes.
If you measured your basal temperature (BT) in one place, then the location of the thermometer and the duration of the measurement cannot be changed the next time you take a measurement. Today in the mouth, tomorrow in the vagina, and the day after tomorrow in the rectum - such variations are not appropriate and can lead to false diagnosis. Underarm basal temperature (BT) cannot be measured!

3. It is necessary to measure the basal temperature (BT) at the same time, preferably in the morning, immediately after waking up, without getting out of bed.

4. Always use the same thermometer - digital or mercury. If using mercury, be sure to shake well before use.

5. Write down the results immediately, while making notes if there was something that could affect the basal temperature (BT) on this day or the day before: alcohol intake, flight, stress, acute respiratory infections, inflammatory diseases, increased physical activity , sexual intercourse the night before or in the morning, taking medications - sleeping pills, hormones, psychotropic drugs, etc. All these factors can affect the basal temperature and make the study unreliable.

When taking oral contraceptives, measuring BBT does not make any sense!

Thus, in order to make a complete chart of basal body temperature (BT) fluctuations, you will need to label the indicators:
- date of the calendar month;
- day of the menstrual cycle;
- indicators of basal temperature;
- the nature of the discharge from the genital tract on a certain day of the cycle: bloody, mucous, viscous, watery, with yellowness, dry, etc. It is important to note this for the sake of completeness on the chart, as the discharge from the cervical canal becomes more watery during ovulation;
- notes as necessary by a certain day: we enter there all the provoking factors listed above, which may affect the change in BT. For example: I took alcohol the day before, didn’t sleep well or had sex in the morning before the measurement, etc. Notes must be made, even insignificant ones, otherwise the resulting graphs will not correspond to reality.

Generally speaking, your basal temperature records should look like this in a table:

Date Day mts BT Highlights Notes

5 July 13th 36.2 Watery, transparent Drank wine the day before
July 6 14th 36.3 viscous, transparent _________
July 7 15th 36.5 white, viscous _________

Normal basal temperature chart

Before you start drawing up a schedule for basal temperature (BT), you need to know how the basal temperature should normally change under the influence of hormones?

The menstrual cycle in a woman is divided into 2 phases: follicular (hypothermic) and luteal (hyperthermic). In the first phase, the follicle develops, from which the egg is subsequently released. In the same phase, the ovaries intensively produce estrogens. During the follicular phase, BT is below 37 degrees. Then ovulation occurs - in the middle of 2 phases - approximately on the 12-16th day of the menstrual cycle. On the eve of ovulation, BBT drops sharply. Further, during and immediately after ovulation, progesterone is released and BT rises by 0.4-0.6 degrees, which is a reliable sign of ovulation. The second phase - luteal, or it is also called the corpus luteum phase - lasts about 14 days, and if conception does not occur, it ends with menstruation. In the phase of the corpus luteum, very important processes take place - a balance is maintained between low levels of estrogen and high levels of progesterone - thus the corpus luteum prepares the body for a possible pregnancy. In this phase, the basal body temperature (BT) is usually kept at around 37 degrees and above. On the eve of menstruation and in the first days of the cycle, the basal body temperature (BT) again drops by about 0.3 degrees and everything starts anew. That is, normally, every healthy woman should have fluctuations in basal temperature (BT) - if there are no ups and downs, then we can talk about the absence of ovulation, and as a result, infertility.

Consider examples of basal temperature (BT) graphs, as they should be in normal and pathological conditions. The basal temperature (BT) graph that you see below reflects two normal physiological states that a healthy woman can have: 1-lilac curve - basal temperature (BT), which should be during a normal menstrual cycle, ending with menstruation; 2 - light green curve - basal temperature (BT) of a woman with a normal menstrual cycle, we will end in pregnancy. The black line is the ovulation line. The burgundy line is a mark of 37 degrees, it serves for visualization of the graph.

Now let's try to decipher this chart of basal temperature. Please note that a mandatory sign of basal temperature (BT) is normally a two-phase menstrual cycle - that is, both the hypothermic and hyperthermic phases should always be clearly visible on the graph. In the first phase, basal temperature (BT) can range from 36.2 to 36.7 degrees. We observe these fluctuations on this chart from days 1-11 of the cycle. Further, on the 12th day, BBT drops sharply by 0.2 degrees, which is a harbinger of the onset of ovulation. On the 13-14th day, a rise is visible immediately after the fall - ovulation occurs. Further, in the second phase, the basal temperature (BT) continues to rise by 0.4-0.6 degrees compared to the first phase - in this case, up to 37 degrees, and this temperature (marked with a burgundy line) is kept until the end of the menstrual cycle and before the start menstruation falls - on the 25th day of the cycle. On the 28th day of the cycle, the line breaks, which means that the cycle has ended and a new menstrual cycle has begun. But another option is also possible - the light green line, as you can see, does not fall, but continues to grow to 37.1. This means that a woman with a light green line on the basal temperature (BT) chart is most likely pregnant. False-positive results of measuring basal temperature (an increase in basal temperature in the absence of a corpus luteum) can occur with acute and chronic infections, as well as with some changes in the higher parts of the central nervous system.

Important to know when charting your basal temperature!

1. Normally, the menstrual cycle in a healthy woman is from 21 to 35 days, most often 28-30 days, as in the graph. However, for some women, the cycle may be shorter than 21 days, or vice versa, longer than 35. This is a reason to contact a gynecologist. Maybe it's ovarian dysfunction.

2. The graph of basal temperature (BT) should always clearly reflect ovulation, which divides the first and second phases. Always immediately after the preovulatory temperature drop in the middle of the cycle, a woman ovulates - on the chart this is the 14th day, marked with a black line. Therefore, the most optimal time for conception is the day of ovulation and 2 days before it. Using this chart as an example, the most favorable days for conception will be days 12, 13 and 14 of the cycle. And one more nuance: you may not detect a preovulatory decrease in basal temperature (BT) immediately before ovulation, but only see an increase - there is nothing to worry about, most likely ovulation has already begun.

3. The length of the first phase can normally change, lengthen or shorten. But the length of the second phase should not vary normally and is approximately 14 days (plus or minus 1-2 days). If you notice that the second phase is shorter than 10 days, this may be a sign of insufficiency of the second phase and requires a consultation with a gynecologist. In a healthy woman, the duration of the 1st and 2nd phases should normally be approximately the same, for example, 14 + 14 or 15 + 14, or 13 + 14, and so on.

4. Pay attention to the temperature difference between the averages of the first and second phases of the graph. If the difference is less than 0.4 degrees, this may be a sign of hormonal disorders. You need to be examined by a gynecologist - take a blood test for and estrogen. In approximately 20% of cases, such a monophasic graph of BT-basal temperature without a significant temperature difference between the phases is a variant of the norm, and in such patients the hormones are normal.

5. If you have a delay in menstruation, and the hyperthermic (increased) basal temperature of BT lasts more than 18 days, this may indicate a possible pregnancy (light green line on the graph). If menstruation nevertheless came, but the discharge is rather meager and at the same time the basal temperature of BT is still elevated, you urgently need to contact a gynecologist and take a pregnancy test. Most likely - these are signs of a miscarriage that has begun.

6. If the basal temperature of BT in the first phase rose sharply for 1 day, then fell - this is not a sign of concern. This is possible under the influence of provoking factors that affect changes in basal temperature (BT).

Now let's look at examples of BT basal temperature charts for various gynecological pathologies:

The graph is monophasic, i.e. almost without significant temperature fluctuations of the curve. If the rise in basal temperature (BT) in the second phase is mild (0.1-0.3 C) after ovulation, then these are possible signs of a lack of hormones - progesterone and estrogen. You need to take a blood test for these hormones.

If ovulation does not occur and the corpus luteum produced by progesterone does not form, then the basal temperature (BT) curve is monotonous: there are no pronounced jumps or drops - ovulation does not occur, respectively, and a woman with such a basal temperature (BT) schedule cannot become pregnant. An anovulatory cycle is normal in a healthy woman if such a cycle occurs no more than once a year. Accordingly, during pregnancy and lactation, the absence of ovulation is also the norm. If all of the above does not apply to you and this situation is repeated from cycle to cycle, you definitely need to contact a gynecologist. Your doctor will prescribe hormone therapy for you.

The basal temperature of BT rises a few days before the end of the cycle due to hormonal deficiency and does not decrease immediately before menstruation, there is no characteristic preovulatory retraction. The second phase lasts less than 10 days. It is possible to get pregnant with such a schedule of basal temperature (BT), but there is a high probability of miscarriage. We remember that the hormone progesterone is normally produced in the second phase. If the hormone is not synthesized in sufficient quantities, then BT rises very slowly, and the pregnancy may be terminated. With such a schedule of basal temperature (BT), it is necessary to pass an analysis for progesterone in the second phase of the cycle. If progesterone is lowered, then hormonal preparations - gestagens (or) are necessarily prescribed in the second phase. Pregnant women with low progesterone are prescribed these drugs for up to 12 weeks. With a sharp withdrawal of drugs, a miscarriage may occur.

In the first phase, the basal temperature of BT under the influence of estrogens is kept within 36.2-36.7 C. If the basal temperature of BT in the first phase rises above the indicated mark and if you see sharp jumps and rises on the graph, then most likely there is a lack of estrogens. In the second phase, we see the same picture - ups and downs. On the graph, in the first phase, the basal temperature of BT rises to 36.8 C, i.e. above the norm. In the second phase, there are sharp fluctuations from 36.2 to 37 C (but with a similar pathology they can be higher). Fertility in these patients is drastically reduced. For the purpose of treatment, gynecologists prescribe hormone therapy. Seeing such a graph, there is no need to rush to draw conclusions - such a picture can also be observed in inflammatory gynecological diseases, when everything is in order with estrogens, for example, with inflammation of the appendages. The chart is shown below.

You can see on this graph with sharp ups and downs that, due to the inflammatory process, it is problematic to determine when ovulation occurred, since the basal temperature of BT can increase both during inflammation and during ovulation. On the 9th day of the cycle, we see a rise, which can be mistaken for an ovulatory rise, but this is most likely a sign of an inflammatory process that has begun. This basal temperature (BT) chart proves once again that it is impossible to draw conclusions and make diagnoses based on the basal temperature (BT) chart of one cycle.

We remember that at the beginning of the menstrual cycle, the basal temperature of BT is lowered. If the temperature at the end of the previous cycle decreased, and then rose sharply to 37.0 with the onset of menstruation and does not decrease, as can be seen on the graph, it may be a formidable disease - endometritis and you urgently need treatment from a gynecologist. But if you have a delay in menstruation and at the same time the basal temperature of BBT remains elevated for more than 16 days from the start of the rise, you are probably pregnant.

If you notice that during 3 menstrual cycles you have stable changes on the chart that do not correspond to the norm, you need to consult a specialist.

So, what should alert you when compiling and deciphering basal temperature (BT) charts:

Graphs of basal temperature (BT) with low or high temperature throughout the cycle;
- cycles less than 21 days and more than 35 days. This may be a sign of ovarian dysfunction, clinically manifested by bleeding in the middle of the menstrual cycle. Or there may be a different picture - the cycle is always lengthened, which is expressed in constant delays in menstruation for more than 10 days, while there is no pregnancy;
- if you observe a shortening of the second phase according to the charts;
- if the schedules are anovulatory or the manifestations of ovulation are not clearly expressed on the schedule;
- graphs with high temperature in the second phase for more than 18 days, while there is no pregnancy;
- monophasic graphs: the difference between the first and second phase is less than 0.4 C;
- if the BT schedules are absolutely normal: ovulation occurs, both phases are complete, but pregnancy does not occur within a year with regular unprotected intercourse;
- sharp jumps and rises in BT in both phases of the cycle.

If you follow all the rules for measuring basal temperature, you will discover a lot of new things. Always remember that you do not need to draw any conclusions on the basis of the obtained graphs. This can only be done by a qualified gynecologist, and then only after additional research.