Satellite map with latitude and longitude coordinates. What is the geographic latitude and longitude of an object: explanation and determination of geographic coordinates of latitude and longitude on the world map, Yandex and Google map online. From what points is the geographic
Latitude (shown as a horizontal line) is the angular distance, in degrees, minutes and seconds of a point north or south of the Equator. Lines of latitude are often referred to as parallels.
Longitude (shown as a vertical line) is the angular distance, in degrees, minutes and seconds, of a point east or west of the Origin (Greenwich) Meridian. Lines of longitude are often referred to as meridians.
Line spacing
If you divide the circumference of the earth (approximately 25,000 miles) by 360 degrees, the distance on the surface of the earth for each degree of latitude or longitude is just over 69 miles or 111 km. Note: As you move north or south of the equator, the distance between lines of longitude becomes shorter until they actually meet at the poles. At 45 degrees N or S of the equator, one degree of longitude is approximately 49 miles.
Minutes and seconds
For the sake of accuracy, the degrees of longitude and latitude have been divided into minutes (") and seconds ("). Each degree has 60 minutes. Each minute is divided into 60 seconds. Seconds can be further divided into tenths, hundredths, or even thousandths. For example, our office on Galveston Island, Texas, USA, is located 29 degrees, 16 minutes, and 22 seconds north of the equator and 94 degrees, 49 minutes and 46 seconds west of the Prime Meridian.
For example, our office on Galveston Island, Texas, USA, is located 29 degrees, 16 minutes, and 22 seconds north of the equator and 94 degrees, 49 minutes and 46 seconds west of the Prime Meridian.
Relative Locations
Relative Location of a city or destination on a planet - its relationship to another place or nearby landmarks.
As an example, our US office is located on Galveston Island, located in southeast Texas on the Gulf of Mexico, approximately 48 miles southeast of Houston. This is our relative location.
Absolute Locations
Absolute Location is the categorical location of a place, using a recognized coordinate system. In terms of latitude and longitude, our office in Galveston, Texas is 29°16" North, 94°49" West, marked with a red dot on the map above. To find the absolute location of any destination use the resources shown above for relative location of any country, go
If you want to link a sheet of a three-verst map to a cartographic coordinate grid formed by lines of meridians and parallels, use the following simple algorithm of actions.
Before starting to work with georeferencing, we will simplify the terminology that we will use in the algorithm so that georeferencing a map does not seem such a difficult task even to an inveterate “dummy” in cartography.
1. Meridians on the map this is vertical lines with a certain, small angle of inclination. Thus, the meridian line on the sheet always comes out from the top edge cards and drops to the bottom edge. Any meridian is measured by a coordinate, which has the name - Longitude .
2. Parallels on the map this is horizontal lines , also with a certain bias towards the sides of the sheet. Parallels on the map are indicated by lines going from left to right edge leaf. Parallels are measured by a coordinate, which has the name - Latitude .
Let's summarize:
- The longitude values of the vertical meridian lines are indicated along the upper and lower edges of the map.
- The latitude values of the horizontal parallel lines are indicated along the side edges of the map.
3. The parallels on the military topographic map are indicated by one variant of coordinates, very close to modern ones. Thus, indicating on an old map a calibration point on a parallel with a certain latitude, we must indicate exactly the same latitude value on a modern map.
Example: If the parallel on the old map shows a latitude of 56°40" then on the modern one it will be 56°40" (56.666667).
Parallels on the three-versatile are drawn every 20" minutes. Let's remember a small table for converting the values "Degrees°Minutes" to Degrees with a decimal separator:
Xx° 00 " -> xx. 000000 xx° 20 " -> xx. 333333 xx° 40 " -> xx. 666667
Memo:- please note that there may be typos in coordinate values on map sheets, so trust the values on a modern map more. For an example, look at the sheet, where instead of latitude 55°40" 56°40" is indicated.
4.
The meridians on the three-verst map are somewhat more complicated. The sheet shows two options for displaying the longitude value: a) the upper one - east “from Paris” and b) the lower one “from Pulkovo”. The meridian lines on the map are drawn precisely according to the Pulkovo coordinate grid, where the central - prime meridian passes through, which is located south of St. Petersburg. To create a three-layout reference on a geographic grid, we will use the longitude values “from Pulkovo”.
To convert the longitude value from the Pulkovo coordinate system to the modern one, where the Greenwich meridian is taken as the prime meridian, let’s first figure out how they differ.
The Pulkovo meridian today has a value of about 30°19"34"" or, more simply put: 30.326054 east longitude. Why "today"? Because official maps with a coordinate system using the Pulkovo meridian for reference have not been produced for a long time, because The Greenwich meridian is now generally accepted. And in past years, when the Pulkovo meridian was still used, it could have had slightly different meanings. So Fyodor Schubert in the 19th century, when measuring it, first obtained the value 30 ° 19 "40.11" ", and then refined it with new instruments: 30 ° 19 "38.31" or 30.327309 . Strelbitsky changes this value to 30°19 "40.16"", which, in particular, ends up in the Brockhaus and Efron encyclopedia. For maps of the USSR, since 1932, the value 30°19 "38.5" was used in SK-32, and since 1946 in SK- 42 the value 30°19"42.09" was used. Here are some of these values on a modern satellite image of the Pulkovo Observatory:
You can take any of the values, because on a scan of a sheet of a three-verst map, this will introduce an error of no more than one pixel. Do the math yourself: the scale of the three-verst map in the metric system is 1:126000, 1 cm is 1.26 km, i.e. 1 mm. on the map (the thickness of the engraving line) corresponds to 126 meters on the ground, which is exactly equal to the distance between the point with longitude 30°19"34"" and 30°19"42.09"" (see picture above).
In our examples and in the calculator we will use the value found by Schubert at approximately the same time when the three-versa was published, because most likely it was he who used it when creating a military topographic map.
On sheets of a three-verst map with numbers from 1 to 8(west of the Pulkovo meridian) the longitude value increases from right to left, on sheets from 9 onwards(east of the Pulkovo meridian) the longitude value increases from left to right. Therefore, for sheets with numbers up to 8 inclusive, we calculate the modern, Greenwich, longitude value according to one scheme, and for sheets with numbers from 9 and more - according to another.
We determine the modern value of longitude for sheets with numbers 9 or more, TO THE RIGHT (east) of the Pulkovo meridian.
- We take the longitude value from the map sheet and convert Degrees°Minutes" to Degrees with a decimal separator, using the same scheme as for latitude. X° 00 " -> X. 000000 X° 20 " -> X. 333333 X° 40 " -> X. 666667
- We add the value of the Pulkovo meridian to the obtained longitude value, i.e. X+30.327309
The resulting amount will be the modern longitude value for the meridian we took on the three-verst map.
We determine the modern, Greenwich, longitude value for sheets with numbers 1 - 8, to the LEFT (west) of the Pulkovo meridian.
- We take the longitude value from the map sheet and convert Degrees°Minutes" to Degrees with a decimal separator. X° 00 " -> X. 000000 X° 20 " -> X. 333333 X° 40 " -> X. 666667
- We subtract the resulting longitude value from the value of the Pulkovo meridian, i.e. 30.327309 - X
The resulting number will be the modern longitude value for the meridian from the three-verst map. At the bottom of the page we have placed a tool that allows you to automate these calculations.
Example: To reference a sheet of a three-verst map, we need to find several calibration points for which we know exactly the coordinate values from a modern map. Let's take, for example, sheet 15-6 and here, which is the crosshairs of the meridian and parallel lines. Let's calculate the longitude and latitude for it.
Thus, this point from the example will have the following coordinates:
Latitude: 54.00000
Longitude: 27.660642
5. What to do if the card sheet passes only one parallel? Indeed, for accurate calibration of the sheet, it is advisable to take points not on the same line, but in different places, and primarily in the corners of the map.
To do this, let’s pay attention to the fields of the map, where white and black strokes (marks) indicate the value of “minutes”, which can be used to find out the coordinates of the corner of the map (or a point close to the corner). On a three-verst map it looks something like this (we have highlighted the required line, which is closer to the map image, in pink).
When using this method, it is worth mentioning one unpleasant feature: on many maps, especially old ones (and three-verstovka among them), the risks are often simply drawn by hand, and it happens that their number does not coincide with the given one. Therefore, use this method only as a last resort!
6. What if there is one parallel on the map sheet, but we need calibration points for the middle of the sheet?
To solve this issue, let's pay attention to the meridians that we have on the sheet. There are usually 3 or 4 of them. We know their longitude to the sixth decimal place; all that remains is to find the latitude of some points on these meridians for which we can do this with sufficient accuracy.
We look at all the objects that are crossed by one of the meridians on the map sheet in the area we need, where we want to mark the calibration point. First of all, we are looking for intersections with major roads, highways, railways, and large geographical objects that are unlikely to have changed their location in 100 years. Be careful with river beds, because... they have the ability to change and are often marked on a three-verst line very conditionally, especially if these are small rivers. If there are no intersections with similar objects, as a last resort, you can calibrate by the centers of lakes (don’t choose shores, they also tend to change), ravines (often they are mapped more accurately than country roads).
Example: So, let’s try using this method to find a similar point of intersection with a noticeable geographical object to calibrate a sheet of a three-verst map. Let's search the sheet along the meridian with longitude 3°20".
To begin with, we mark the calibration points at the intersection with parallels and then look for the intersection of this meridian with other prominent objects. We have intersections with a regular roadway and a railroad at about 10 minutes. And here it is with a rather large river.
Let's try to find the coordinates of the intersection of the 3°20" meridian with the railway. To do this, mark the approximate location of this point with the mouse on a modern map. Then, in the settings for the point, change its longitude to 3°20", or, as we have already learned to count, for sheet 11 to the right of the Pulkovo meridian - at 33.660641.
After this action, we again look at the location of the point that has taken the correct horizontal position, and now we only have to straighten its vertical position along the meridian line, which on modern online maps from Yandex or Google is always located strictly vertically, because they are made in Mercator projection. In our example, the point needs to be slightly moved up, changing its latitude without affecting the longitude.
Thus, we will find the coordinates of another calibration point with great accuracy. Now it remains to mark the intersection of the meridian and the railway tracks on the old map and write down the found coordinates for this point.
We hope that the technique described here will help you link not only Schubert maps, military topographic three-layout maps, but also other historical maps and plans.
Online calculator for calculating the modern value of Greenwich longitude using data from a three-verst map in the Pulkovo coordinate system
Hello, dear friends of the portal site!
Tool - determination of geographical coordinates on a Google Maps map of a city, street, house, in real time. How to determine coordinates by address - latitude and longitude on the map, convenient search by coordinates in Google (Google Maps). A world map with coordinates (longitude and latitude) will allow you to find any address using already known parameters, calculate the distance between two cities/points online
Fill out the Google Maps search form - enter the city, street, house number. Enter the name of any geographical feature separated by a space. Or move the marker to the desired location yourself and search (click “Find”) using the coordinates of the object on the Google map. A similar search has already been used when searching in . Use the change in the scale of the diagram (the desired scale will appear in the third field from the top) to take a closer look at the location of the house on the street.
As you may have noticed, when you move a label on the diagram, the geographical parameters change. We get a kind of map with latitudes and longitudes. Previously, we have already worked on determining coordinates on the Yandex map
Using the reverse method, everyone will be able to search by coordinates in Google using known parameters. Instead of the geographical name of the object, we fill out the search form with known coordinates. The service will determine and show on the map the exact geographical location of the street or area.
Interesting places in Google Maps - online secrets from satellite
Knowing the address of any city in the world, the latitude and longitude of Washington and Santiago, Beijing and Moscow can be easily determined. accessible to both city guests and local residents. We are sure that you have already been able to master this tool on the page; by default, the map shows the center of the capital of Russia - the city of Moscow. Find your latitude and longitude on the map at the address.
We propose to find out the secrets of the Google Maps service online. The satellite will not fly past interesting historical places, each of which is popular in a certain part of the globe.
Below you can see for yourself that these interesting places on earth deserve special attention. And the Google Maps Sputnik service is happy to offer you to find and see the most famous geographical secrets of the world. We believe that residents of the Samara region will also be interested. They already know what it looks like.
You do not need to determine their geographic coordinates and search for the necessary Google maps service. Just copy any parameters from the list below - latitude and longitude (CTRL+C).
For example, we will watch from a satellite (switch to the “Satellite” scheme type) the largest stadium in the world and Brazil - Maracana (Rio de Janeiro, Maracana). Copy the latitude and longitude from the list below:
22.91219,-43.23021
Paste it into the search form of the Google Maps service (CTRL+V). All that remains is to start the search for the object itself. A mark with the exact location of the coordinates will appear on the diagram. We remind you that you must activate the “Satellite” scheme type. Everyone will choose a scale +/- that is convenient for themselves in order to better see the stadium in Brazil
Thank you to Google Maps for the data you provided.
Cartographic data of cities in Russia, Ukraine and the world
Almost all of you have paid attention to the “mysterious lines” on maps and globes representing latitude (parallels) and longitude (meridians). They form a grid coordinate system by which any place on Earth can be precisely located - and there is nothing mysterious or complicated about it. Parallels and meridians are imaginary lines on the surface of the Earth, and latitude and longitude are their coordinates that determine the position of points on the surface of the Earth. Any point on Earth is the intersection of a parallel and a meridian with latitude and longitude coordinates. This can be most clearly studied using a globe, where these lines are indicated.
But first things first. Two places on Earth are determined by its rotation around its own axis - these are North and South Poles. On globes, the axis is the rod. The North Pole is located in the Arctic Ocean, which is covered with sea ice, and explorers in the old days reached this pole on sleds with dogs (the North Pole is officially believed to have been discovered in 1909 by the American Robert Perry). However, since the ice moves slowly, the North Pole is not an actual, but rather a mathematical object. The South Pole, on the other side of the planet, has a permanent physical location on the continent of Antarctica, which was also discovered by land explorers (a Norwegian expedition led by Roald Amundsen in 1911).
Halfway between the poles at the “waist” of the Earth there is a large line of a circle, which is represented on the globe as a seam: the junction of the northern and southern hemispheres; this circle line is called - equator. The equator is a line of latitude with a value of zero (0°). Parallel to the equator, above and below it, there are other lines of the circle - these are other latitudes of the Earth. Each latitude has a numerical value, and the scale of these values is measured not in kilometers, but in degrees north and south from the equator to the poles. The poles have the following values: North +90°, and South -90°. Latitudes located above the equator are called northern latitudes, and below the equator - southern latitudes. Lines with degrees of latitude are called parallels, since they run parallel to the Equator and are parallel to each other. If parallels are measured in kilometers, then the lengths of different parallels will be different - they increase as they approach the equator and decrease towards the poles. All points of the same parallel have the same latitude, but different longitude (longitude is described below). The distance between two parallels that differ by 1° is 111.11 km. On the globe, as well as on many maps, the distance (interval) from one latitude to another latitude is usually 15° (this is approximately 1,666 km). In Figure 1, the interval is 10° (this is approximately 1,111 km). The equator is the longest parallel, its length is 40,075.7 km.
We suggest using a similar service from Google - + location of interesting places in the world on the Google Maps diagram
Calculation of the distance between two points by coordinates:
Online calculator - calculating the distance between two cities, points. Their exact location in the world can be found at the link above
Countries in alphabetical order:
Determining latitude and longitude on a map?
On the page you can quickly determine coordinates on the map - find out the latitude and longitude of the city. Online search for streets and houses by address, using GPS, to determine coordinates on a Yandex map, how to find a location - described in more detail below.
Determining the geographic coordinates of any city in the world (find out latitude and longitude) using an online map from the Yandex service is actually a very simple process. You have two convenient options, let’s take a closer look at each of them.
Fill out the form: Rostov-on-Don Pushkinskaya 10 (with the help and if you have the house number, the search will be more accurate). In the upper right corner there is a form for determining coordinates, which contains 3 precise parameters - the coordinates of the mark, the center of the map and the zoom scale.
After activating the “Find” search, each field will contain the necessary data - longitude and latitude. Look at the “Center of the map” field.
Second option: In this case it’s even simpler. Interactive world map with coordinates contains a marker. By default, it is located in the center of Moscow. You need to drag the label and place it on the desired city, for example, determine the coordinates on. The latitude and longitude will automatically match the search object. Look at the “Mark Coordinates” field.
When searching for the desired city or country, use the navigation and zoom tools. By zooming in and out +/-, as well as moving the interactive map itself, it is easy to find any country or search for a region on the world map. This way you can find the geographic center of Ukraine or Russia. In the country of Ukraine, this is the village of Dobrovelichkovka, which is located on the Dobraya River, Kirovograd region.
Copy the geographic coordinates of the center of Ukraine urban settlement. Dobrovelychkovka — Ctrl+C
48.3848,31.1769 48.3848 north latitude and 31.1769 east longitude
Longitude +37° 17′ 6.97″ E (37.1769)
Latitude +48° 38′ 4.89″ N (48.3848)
At the entrance to the urban settlement there is a sign announcing this interesting fact. It will most likely be uninteresting to examine its territory. There are much more interesting places in the world.
How to find a place on the map using coordinates?
Let's consider the reverse process, for example. Why do you need to determine latitude and longitude on a map? Let's say you need to determine the exact location of the car on the diagram using GPS navigator coordinates. Or a close friend will call on a weekend and tell you the coordinates of his location, inviting you to join him hunting or fishing.
Knowing the exact geographic coordinates, you will need a map with latitude and longitude. It is enough to enter your data into the search form from the Yandex service to determine the location by coordinates successfully. Example, enter the latitude and longitude of Moskovskaya street 66 in the city of Saratov - 51.5339,46.0368. The service will quickly determine and display the location of a given house in the city as a mark.
In addition to the above, you can easily determine the coordinates on the map of any metro station in the city. After the name of the city we write the name of the station. And we observe where the mark is located and its coordinates with latitude and longitude. To determine the length of the route, you need to use the “Ruler” tool (measuring distances on the map). We put a mark at the beginning of the route and then at the end point. The service will automatically determine the distance in meters and show the track itself on the map.
It is possible to more accurately examine a place on the map thanks to the “Satellite” diagram (upper corner on the right). Look what it looks like. You can do all of the above operations with it.
World map with longitude and latitude
Imagine you are in an unfamiliar area, and there are no objects or landmarks nearby. And there is no one to ask! How could you explain your exact location so that you can be found quickly?
Thanks to concepts such as latitude and longitude, you can be detected and found. Latitude shows the location of an object in relation to the South and North Poles. The equator is considered to be zero latitude. The South Pole is located at 90 degrees. south latitude, and North at 90 degrees north latitude.
This data turns out to be insufficient. It is also necessary to know the situation in relation to the East and West. This is where the longitude coordinate comes in handy.
Thank you to the Yandex service for the data provided. Cards
Cartographic data of cities in Russia, Ukraine and the world
