home Audience 3 Eubiotics for restoration of microflora in gynecology. Vaginal dysbiosis: symptoms. Elimination of pathogenic microflora

Eubiotics for restoration of microflora in gynecology. Vaginal dysbiosis: symptoms. Elimination of pathogenic microflora

To restore the vaginal microflora, they become necessary when the body itself cannot regulate the ratio of bacteria. The causes of this condition may be previous infectious diseases, poor hygiene, hypothermia or changes in climatic conditions.

Female dysbiosis, or a violation of the female microflora, leads to the fact that the vaginal flora, which normally should help the immune system fight harmful bacteria, viruses and fungi, ceases to cope with its functions. This leads to decreased immunity, frequent diseases of the genitourinary system, and unpleasant sensations in the genitals - burning, itching, pain, dryness, irritation.

Now there are a large number of vaginal suppositories that will help cope with the problem.

Vagical

Vagikal are women's suppositories, the active substance of which is of plant origin. Thanks to calendula, which is part of the drug, the suppositories act as an anti-inflammatory and bactericidal agent. Women's suppositories promote rapid regeneration of the vaginal mucosa, and also increase the body's protective function from external irritants.

The composition of medicinal calendula includes acids: salicylic and pentadecyl. Thanks to their action, streptococcus and staphylococcus bacteria stop multiplying and die. But at the same time, calendula does not act on the female body as aggressively as antibiotics; it restores dead mucosal cells and prevents scars from forming.

Women's suppositories improve blood circulation in the pelvic organs, so inflammation goes away faster. The drug is able to heal erosions of the genital tract.

The female drug Vagikal improves the quality of life of women who are in menopause. Thanks to calendula extract, rich in plant mucilage and polysaccharides, the drug fights dryness, irritation and itching.

Before insertion into the vagina, a woman should moisten the suppository with warm boiled water. The candle quickly dissolves. The daily dose of the medication is prescribed by the attending physician, in most cases it is 2 suppositories per day. The course of treatment lasts about a week.

Vagical is prescribed in the following cases

Side effects include an allergic reaction to the composition of the drug. It can manifest as itching and vaginal dryness.

Suppositories for improving female microflora have no contraindications. During pregnancy and breastfeeding, a woman should consult a doctor before using suppositories.

Women's Vakigal candles are produced in Poland, available in packs of 10 pcs. Approximate price - 110 rubles.

Analogues of the product:

Vagilak;
Tsifran;
Labilact.

Gynoflor

Gynoflor - women's tablets for the treatment of vaginal dysbiosis, normalization of microflora. They contain beneficial lactobacilli and the synthetic hormone estriol.

Lactobacilli, settling in the vagina, normalize the microflora, create acidity, which prevents harmful microorganisms from multiplying. A sufficient amount of lactic acid is produced to regenerate and protect the mucous membrane of the genital tract.

During the activity of lactobacilli, which are included in women's pills, bacteriocins are produced. They have an inhibitory effect on pathogenic microorganisms.

Estriol is an analogue of estrogen produced by the ovaries. This substance is necessary in the preparation in order to stimulate the growth of mucosal cells for speedy regeneration. This improves the condition of the vaginal walls. Estriol helps fight unpleasant symptoms during menopause.

Gynoflor increases the ability of the female body to resist external irritants due to the barrier function of the vaginal mucosa.

Women's pills are effective for the following conditions:

after treatment with antibiotics;
after chemotherapy;
during menopause;
with nonspecific discharge;
for the treatment of candidiasis (as an adjuvant);
with vaginitis.

Before use, female tablets are moistened with water and inserted into the vagina. The doctor prescribes 1–2 tablets per day. The course of treatment lasts from 7 to 14 days.

During the course of treatment you should abstain from sexual intercourse.

Side effects occur in case of intolerance to the substances that are included in the drug. This may cause swelling of the mucous membrane, burning and itching. In this case, it is better to stop treatment and consult a doctor.

Gynoflor is contraindicated:

with bleeding;
in the presence of tumors of the reproductive system or breast;
with endometriosis.
It is not recommended for use by women who have not reached puberty.

The country of origin of the product for improving female microflora is Switzerland. The medication is available in 12 tablets per package. Approximate price - 950 rubles.

Analogues of the product:

Hexicon;
Venro Kit;
Gynekit;

Bifidumbacterin

Bifidumbacterin is a product that is available in the form of rectal-vaginal suppositories. It contains anaerobic bifidobacteria. They kill harmful microflora, maintain the necessary acidity in the female body, and increase the barrier protective function.

The product removes toxins from the body. Bifidobacteria stimulate the production of lactic acid, vitamins B and K, and strengthen local immunity.

The drug can be prescribed as an additional drug in the treatment of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and genital herpes.

Bifidumbacterin has an anti-inflammatory effect, helps with colpitis, vaginitis, and urethritis.

Prescribed by a doctor after undergoing operations on the genitourinary system, to prevent complications. During menopause, the drug helps combat excessive vaginal dryness or excessive discharge.

Suppositories treat dysbacteriosis after long-term use of antibiotics and bring female microflora back to normal.

Approved for use in pediatrics, pregnant women and nursing mothers.

The doctor prescribes 1–2 suppositories per day. The course of treatment ranges from 7 to 12 days.

When taken simultaneously with antibiotics, Bifidumbacterin can reduce the effectiveness of the latter.

Increases the effect of vitamin-containing products.

Available in a package of 10 pieces, the manufacturer of the drug is Russia. Approximate price - 390 rubles.

Vaginorm

Vaginorm-S is an antimicrobial and antiseptic agent that improves female microflora. The main active ingredient is ascorbic acid. Its content in 1 suppository is 250 mg.

The product can increase the acidity of the vagina, which prevents further proliferation of pathogens.

At the same time, lactobacilli and bifidobacteria continue their vital activity. In this way, the microflora inside the genital organs is normalized.

Women's pills increase immunity and act as an anti-inflammatory agent.

The doctor prescribes the drug for the following diseases:

colpitis;
vaginitis;
dysbiosis.

It is not recommended to use for candidal colpitis, since increasing the pH can aggravate the situation. There is no need to stop taking Vaginorm during menstruation and infectious diseases. The drug reduces the effectiveness of anticoagulants. You can use women's tablets to normalize microflora during pregnancy and lactation.

The doctor prescribes 1 tablet in the evening for a week.

Side effects may occur in the form of:

The manufacturer of the tablets is Germany, there are 6 pieces in one package. Approximate price - 620 rubles.

Analogues of the drug:

Lactonorm;
Lactobacterin;
Acylact;
Vagilak.

Kipferon

Kipferon is available in the form of rectal and vaginal suppositories. It includes:

interferon;
immunoglobulin complex;
Excipients.

Suppositories have an antiviral effect and an antibacterial effect against chlamydia.

The drug fights inflammation and intoxication of the body as a result of the activity of harmful bacteria. Kipferon promotes rapid healing of the mucous membrane, prevents the formation of scar tissue, and improves female microflora.

Suppositories increase local and general immunity of the body. Kipferon helps with cervical erosion. Improves blood circulation in the pelvic organs. Prevents the occurrence of vaginal dysbiosis.

The drug is prescribed by a doctor in the following cases:

Used before surgery to reduce the risk of post-operative infections.

Can be used in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy as prescribed by a doctor. Prescribed in the form of rectal suppositories for children under one year of age.

The drug has no contraindications. No side effects were observed.

Kipferon is available in 5 and 10 pcs. packaged. Manufacturer of the product - Russia. Approximate price - 600 rubles.

Analogues of the drug:

Giaferon;
Altevir;
Laifferon;
Viferon.

Estriol

Estriol is a vaginal suppository for women, the active ingredient of which is exogenous estriol. Most often, the drug is prescribed to women who feel a lack of the hormone estrogen. This condition causes dryness and burning in the vagina, disruption in the regeneration of the mucosa and its atrophic changes.

Suppositories restore microflora, help in the division of mucosal cells, and normalize acidity.

Thanks to the action of the female remedy Estriol, local immunity increases, chronic diseases worsen less frequently.

Doctors prescribe female suppositories:

The drug is contraindicated:

if there is a tendency to allergic reactions to components;
when blood clots form;
for cancer;
with uterine bleeding;
with liver failure;
with hyperplasia of the endometrial walls;
with atherosclerosis;
after recently suffering a heart attack.

Prohibited for use by pregnant and lactating women.

Side effects include:

The doctor prescribes 1 suppository at night. The course of treatment ranges from 7–14 days.

Estriol enhances the effect of glucocorticosteroids and also changes the effect of anticoagulants and beta-blockers.

The manufacturer of the drug is the Republic of Moldova. The drug is available in packages of 15 pcs. Approximate price - 230 rubles.

Analogs of women's suppositories Estriol are:

Ovestin;
Estrocad;
Esterlan;
Klymen;
Menostar.

Such an unpleasant attack as a violation of the vaginal microflora is familiar to almost every woman. And, paradoxically, in girls who have not yet begun sexual activity, it occurs almost as often as in women who live it. The insidiousness of this disease is great - in most cases it is asymptomatic. A woman lives and does not know about microflora disturbances until she encounters severe complications. So what is it, why does it happen and how to ensure the restoration of the vaginal microflora?

A disruption of the normal, healthy microflora of the vagina is called vaginal dysbiosis or vaginal dysbiosis. Most often, its signs and symptoms in women are insignificant, but if they are ignored, vaginal dysbiosis can lead to serious inflammatory infectious gynecological diseases.

What is a violation of the vaginal microflora?

When dysbiosis occurs, doctors often make a diagnosis "bacterial vaginosis". This term means gardnerellosis, simply put, this is one of the subtypes of vaginal dysbiosis, when the female reproductive microflora is dominated by gardnerella. Another type of manifestation of microflora disturbance is "candidiasis" or "thrush". In this case, the vaginal microflora is dominated by mushrooms of the genus Candida. But women often call any “inadequate” vaginal discharge “thrush” without really understanding their cause.

And recently, the asymptomatic course of gynecological diseases, including sexually transmitted diseases, is very common. Even pathological discharge in these diseases does not always occur, so without appropriate tests it is very difficult to distinguish violations from the norm. With a latent course, there is no itching in the vagina, no abdominal pain, menstrual irregularities, bleeding and other symptoms. This is why it is so important for every woman to undergo a preventive examination by a gynecologist at least twice a year.

Causes of vaginal microflora disorders

Women's health is a very delicate mechanism, and there are many causes of dysbiosis. Any stress on the female body can provoke disturbances in the vaginal microflora.

The most common causes of vaginal dysbiosis are:

1. Hypothermia, which leads to a decrease in local and general immunity, which also affects the vaginal microflora.
2. Hormonal disorders that occur during irregular sexual life, menstrual irregularities, puberty, pregnancy, after childbirth, abortion, menopause, etc.
3. Change of climate zone - during trips, especially to other countries, there are often exacerbations of vaginal dysbiosis.
4. Infections that are sexually transmitted.
5. Any infectious and inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs.
6. Treatment with antibiotics.
7. Failure to comply with intimate hygiene rules.
8. Intestinal diseases, including intestinal dysbiosis. After all, a woman’s intestinal microflora is very closely related to the vaginal microflora.
9. Incorrect use of tampons during menstruation. Do not forget to change tampons strictly every 2 hours, be it day or night, otherwise excellent conditions are created in the vagina for the proliferation of opportunistic, pathogenic microflora and the development of inflammation.

But not always all these factors actually lead to disruption of the vaginal microflora. A woman’s immune system is able to maintain normal microflora, help it, and recover independently in case of minor deviations. But there are so many of these factors and they occur so often that vaginal dysbiosis in a woman in most cases develops “safely”.

The mechanism of development of vaginal dysbiosis

Normally, a woman’s vagina contains normal microflora, approximately 90% consisting of lactobacilli (the so-called Dederlein rods), only 9% bifidobacteria and less than 1% other opportunistic microorganisms that do not cause diseases. In addition, the smear reveals “key cells of the vagina” - epithelial cells of its walls, covered with a layer of those same opportunistic microorganisms. These include, in particular, fungi of the genus Candida, gardnerella, and some other bacteria.

Changes in the percentage of microorganisms that live in the vagina and the appearance of other microflora are unacceptable for normal female microflora. The woman’s immune system does not react in any way to the “normal” inhabitants of the vagina, but protects against other bacteria and infections. In addition, immunity helps restore the vaginal microflora in case of minor disturbances.

If the vaginal microflora is disturbed for one reason or another, the number of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria decreases, and the number of opportunistic microorganisms increases or pathogenic microorganisms that are not characteristic of a healthy state appear. These microorganisms can be a fungus or gardnerella (then candidiasis or gardnerellosis develop, respectively), or maybe one of the sexually transmitted infections (for example, chlamydia and trichomoniasis), or any other pathogen from the environment (for example, E. coli, streptococcus, staphylococcus, proteus).

Bacteria that cause vaginal dysbiosis are the cause of vaginal inflammation - vaginitis. The development of such inflammation depends on the pathogenicity and quantity of the pathogen and, of course, the strength of the woman’s immune system. For some time, the immune system copes with the infection, but in the absence of appropriate treatment, it is impossible to avoid the development of inflammation.

Signs and symptoms of vaginal dysbiosis

In half of the cases, vaginal dysbiosis occurs without symptoms. For quite a long time, a woman may not notice any signs of microflora disturbance. From time to time, the nature of the discharge may change slightly, but often this goes unnoticed. Normally, a woman should have no discharge at all, or it may be transparent in small quantities.

You should consider going to the doctor immediately if you experience the following symptoms:

1. increased amount of discharge, especially whitish-yellowish in color;
2. release of an unpleasant odor;
3. discomfort and dryness in the genital area, during sexual intercourse as well.

No further signs of vaginal dysbiosis appear; other symptoms, as a rule, indicate its complication - the development of infection and inflammation of the woman’s genital organs.

Complications of vaginal dysbiosis

With vaginal dysbiosis, the vagina is “inhabited” by a large number of pathogenic or opportunistic bacteria. These bacteria cause inflammation of the cervix ( cervicitis) and vaginal walls ( vaginitis).

Symptoms of inflammation are:

1. increase in the number of discharges;
2. unpleasant sensations appear: burning, pain, itching in the vagina and external genitalia, including after and during sexual intercourse;
3. vaginal dryness during sexual intercourse.

Bacteria can also infect the uterus, which can lead to the development endometritis, and can go even further to the appendages with further development adnexitis. In addition, the infection can enter the urethra, and then into the bladder, which leads to urethritis And cystitis, respectively.

Vaginal dysbiosis in girls

Unfortunately, disruption of the vaginal microflora “does not spare” even girls who have not begun to engage in sexual activity, and occurs with the same frequency as in women who are sexually active. This is due to the instability of the hormonal background of girls during their first menstruation and the structural features of the hymen. In girls, vaginal dysbiosis is rarely manifested by copious vaginal discharge, which is why it is often detected when complications have already begun.

When the onset of sexual activity begins, a large number of bacteria can be “thrown” from the vagina into the bladder, provoking the so-called "honeymoon cystitis".

Treatment and restoration of vaginal microflora in virgins can be very difficult due to the structure of the hymen, which does not allow the correct use of medications.

Vaginal dysbiosis during pregnancy

Sadly, pregnancy is one of the causes of dysbiosis. During pregnancy, its symptoms may intensify or appear, as well as inflammation of the vagina. The symptoms, as in other cases, are the same: discharge, itching in the vagina and burning in the genitals, dryness and pain during sexual intercourse.

The reason for this is hormonal changes in the body of a pregnant woman, which affects the state of her entire immune system and the vaginal microflora in particular.

Complete restoration of vaginal microflora and treatment of inflammation during pregnancy is very difficult, due to the fact that immunocorrection and antibiotic treatment are undesirable. Therefore, the main task of the gynecologist in this case is to eliminate the symptoms of the disease and prepare for childbirth.

Treatment of vaginal dysbiosis with local remedies is less effective, but harmless to both the pregnant woman and the fetus. If necessary, such local treatment can be repeated more than once.

Dysbacteriosis and sexually transmitted infections

Infections that are sexually transmitted always, without exception, lead to dysbacteriosis. If a sexually transmitted infection is detected, then the normal microflora of the vagina is impossible, it is disrupted. The causative agent of a sexually transmitted disease necessarily causes inflammation in the genital tract and contributes to the destruction of the vaginal microflora. In this case, inflammation of the genital organs is very rarely caused solely by an infectious agent. The inflammatory process caused by sexually transmitted infections always occurs together with opportunistic microflora. And this must be taken into account during treatment, that is, it is necessary to treat both the infection and restore the vaginal microflora. Otherwise, a situation arises when antibiotics completely eliminate sexual pathogens, and opportunistic microflora increases significantly.

After treatment of sexually transmitted infections in women, it is imperative to restore the vaginal microflora. In case of severe infectious diseases (chlamydia, trichomonas) or several sexually transmitted infections, specific antibacterial therapy is first carried out, and then the vaginal microflora is restored. In less complex situations, a comprehensive diagnosis of absolutely all urogenital microflora is first carried out, and then its restoration is carried out in parallel with the elimination of sexually transmitted infections.

Usually, a violation of the vaginal microflora does not provoke disease in a woman’s sexual partner, even in conditions of regular unprotected sex life. With severe vaginal dysbiosis, in rare cases, a man may develop the phenomenon nonspecific urethritis And balanoposthitis. But this only happens if a man has a predisposition to these diseases; they do not develop in a healthy male body. And diseases of the sexual partner cannot disrupt the normal microflora of a woman, except for those, of course, that are sexually transmitted. Treatment of vaginal dysbiosis does not necessarily imply treatment of the sexual partner if a sexually transmitted infection is not detected.

Vaginal dysbiosis in women with intestinal dysbiosis

Most diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) lead to disruption of the intestinal microflora. With intestinal dysbiosis, as well as with vaginal dysbiosis, the number of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli decreases, and opportunistic microorganisms increase or pathogenic ones appear.

If intestinal dysbiosis is pronounced, then the disturbance of the vaginal microflora is explained by it, then one of the intestinal bacteria multiplies in the vagina - enterococci, E. coli, etc.

In such a situation, treatment of vaginal dysbiosis is extremely difficult, and the possibility of relapse is very high. In this case, restoration of the vaginal microflora is possible only with parallel treatment of dysbiosis and other intestinal diseases.

Diagnosis of disturbed vaginal microflora

Diagnosis of vaginal dysbiosis consists of a gynecological examination and the following tests:

1. PCR diagnostics for sexually transmitted infections;
2. smear on flora;
3. culture of vaginal discharge, including determination of sensitivity to antibiotics.

A smear gives a general idea of the state of the microflora and the presence of inflammation. Sowing and diagnosing sexually transmitted infections make it possible to find out which pathogens provoked the microflora disturbance and to find out what sensitivity these bacteria have to antibiotics. The cause and degree of vaginal dysbacteriosis cannot be determined solely by the result of a smear of vaginal discharge.

Treatment of vaginal dysbiosis

Restoration of microflora should include:

1. Elimination of opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria that cause inflammation and dysbiosis.
3. Restoration of local immunity of the vaginal wall, which could maintain the normal composition of female microflora in the future.

Suppression of opportunistic and pathogenic vaginal microflora

If the cause of vaginal dysbiosis is a sexually transmitted infection, then first of all, the causative agent of a sexually transmitted disease is completely eliminated from the woman’s body. In this case, treatment necessarily includes a full course of antibacterial therapy, that is, taking appropriate antibiotics.

If there are no genital infections, then taking antibiotics is not necessary to restore the vaginal microflora. In this case, they either do not treat with antibiotics at all, or use a very short course (5 days) of antibacterial treatment.
For the treatment of vaginal dysbiosis, local procedures: vaginal baths and tampons are much more effective. These procedures simultaneously combine all the necessary functions: suppression of pathogenic microflora, restoration of normal flora and local immunocorrection. For local procedures, the use of antiseptics is usually much more effective than the use of antibiotics. The fact is that their spectrum of action is much wider, and bacteria rarely develop resistance to them (immunity).

As has been said many times, the immunity of the vaginal wall controls the state of the vaginal microflora, preventing the growth of pathogenic bacteria. That is, a violation of the microflora is always associated with a decrease in the immune defense of its wall. That is why local immunocorrection must necessarily be part of the treatment of dysbiosis.

In simple, unadvanced cases, the use of local immunomodulators is sufficient for immunocorrection. And if the forms of the disease are advanced, restoration of the immune system will require more serious methods of influence; sometimes a course of immunomodulatory treatment is required before treatment with antibiotics.

Restoring the vaginal microflora usually takes 3-4 weeks. It is advisable for both sexual partners to be thoroughly examined by a specialist first. After treatment, a follow-up examination is carried out and control tests are performed. If no more symptoms of dysbacteriosis are detected, then the restoration of the vaginal microflora can be considered complete and we can continue to deal only with the prevention of the disease.

Restoring microflora after thrush: tablets and suppositories for restoring microflora

Thrush in most cases occurs after treatment with antibiotics. Therefore, the treatment process is quite complex and long: first treatment with antibiotics, then treatment after antibiotics, then restoration of the microflora.

For such restoration there are vaginal probiotics, which contain lactobacilli. But these drugs are not always equally effective. The problem is that any infection has a destructive effect on the upper layer of the epithelium. As a result of desquamation, beneficial microorganisms do not have the opportunity to gain a foothold in the vagina and lactobacilli simply die, literally 5-7 days after using the probiotic, giving candida the opportunity to multiply uncontrollably. This is precisely what explains the frequent exacerbations of thrush. Therefore, in order to avoid such developments, after a course of treatment of any infection, it is necessary to use a probiotic, which contains not only lactobacilli, but also a special component that restores the epithelium. In other words, we need a drug with a dual mechanism that can restore the normal balance of microflora and prevent exacerbation of the disease.

The most popular are vaginal tablets "Gynoflor". To restore the microflora, drugs such as "Vagilak"(“Laktogin”) and "Ecofemin". When symptoms no longer bother you for more than a week, it is advisable to take a course (weekly) of vaginal tablets "Vaginorm S", restoring the normal pH of the vagina and, accordingly, promoting the development of healthy flora.

There are also vaginal suppositories to restore microflora, for example "Bifidumbacterin". The product is used for 10 days, 1 suppository in the morning. Another suppository for restoring microflora is "Lactobacterin", the course of treatment is the same 10 days, 1 suppository, but at night.

One of the treatment options is orally “Normoflorin” B and L, twice a day, morning and evening, for a month. And in parallel suppositories for restoring microflora "Kipferon" who use 2-3 courses, 10 times with breaks per week. Undoubtedly, during the treatment process it is necessary to periodically take bacteriological cultures to observe how the microflora changes.

Prevention of vaginal microflora disorders

Prevention is a rather complex issue in this case. Often the cause of vaginal dysbiosis, be it an intestinal disease, hormonal instability, sexually transmitted infection, etc., cannot be determined. Then only general recommendations on strengthening the immune system and maintaining hygiene make sense.

It is advisable for all women who have undergone a course of microflora restoration to visit a gynecologist every 3 months for a year after treatment. This is necessary in order to detect a relapse in time and prevent the development of complications. It is much easier to restore vaginal microflora in the initial stages. If no deviations are noted during the first year, then you can visit the doctor once every six months.

More about the vaginal microflora:

Vaginal flora is an important component of a woman’s health. Microflora contains a certain amount of beneficial bacteria, which are represented by lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and other beneficial bacteria. A ninth part of the vagina is populated by lactobacilli, and one part is divided between bifidobacteria and opportunistic bacteria, which in a certain environment do not bother a person. With hypothermia or a change in pH, the transition of opportunistic bacteria to pathogenic bacteria is possible.

Responsibility for the well-being of the internal environment in women lies with lactobacilli, which are responsible for local immunity and prevent the proliferation of harmful bacteria. Together, beneficial bacteria improve immunity. An imbalance of microorganisms, a change in the quantity and quality of beneficial bacteria causes vaginal dysbiosis.

Symptoms of changes in microflora include:

itching due to vaginal dryness;
unpleasant odor;
change in discharge from whitish to yellowish;
pain during sexual intercourse.

When the first signs of a disorder appear, you must visit a gynecologist to clarify the diagnosis and correct treatment. The doctor will prescribe what medications are needed to restore the microflora. If the cause is infection, then the doctor prescribes antibacterial medications, after which means are prescribed to normalize the flora of the intimate zone of women and strengthen local immunity.

Violation of the flora is possible for all sorts of reasons.

taking antibiotics and antimicrobial agents;
intestinal dysbiosis;
past diseases that are sexually transmitted: chlamydia, mycoplasma, candida, gardnerella;
women after menopause;
violation of personal hygiene;
diseases of the female genital organs;
climate change;
changes in the hormonal environment (menstruation failures, pregnancy);
hypothermia;
stress;
non-compliance with the rules for using tampons and pads.

After treating gynecological diseases with antibacterial agents, it is necessary to restore the internal environment with drugs to restore the microflora. Antibiotics kill both the pathogenic environment and lacto- and bifidobacteria. Having been treated for thrush, and without restoring the flora, an infection may reappear, since there will be no bacteria that boost immunity and protect against pathogens. That is why, if after treatment with antibacterial drugs the vaginal environment is not restored, other gynecological infectious diseases are possible.

Preparations for restoring microflora in gynecology

There are many drugs to restore microflora in women. Available in the form of suppositories - suppositories for vaginal use, and tablets or capsules for oral administration. For the best effect, it is recommended to combine suppositories and tablets.

It is preferable to use suppositories, since their effect is faster and there are no side effects on the liver and other organs.

Medicines to restore vaginal microflora:

Release form	Flora restoration agent	Action	Purpose	Compound
Vaginal suppositories	Bifidumbacterin	Regulates the balance of flora	Recovery after treatment with antibacterial drugs. Anti-inflammatory effect	Bifidobacteria
	Lactobacterin	Restores vaginal flora. Kills pathogenic flora due to antagonism. Bacteria convert glycogen into lactic acid, which maintains normal environmental levels.	Restores immunity and flora.	lactobacilli
	Acylact	Contains lactobacilli, which enhance local immunity and fight pathogenic flora. Produce lactic acid to maintain the vaginal environment.	Normalization of flora	Lactobacillus acidophilus
Vaginal capsules	Lactonorm	Eubiotic. Lactobacilli improve local immunity.	Regulates and supports immunity.	Lactobacillus acidophilus. Capsules, unlike suppositories, do not “flow” as much.
Suppositories	Kipferon	Immunomodulator	Boosts immunity	Interferon and immunoglobulin
Vaginal tablets	Vaginorm S	Vitamin remedy	Reduces the acidic environment of the vagina, reduces the proliferation of pathogenic infections. Restores flora due to the development of beneficial lactobacilli. Used for vaginitis and vaginosis	Vitamin C
Vaginal tablets	Gynoflor E	Estrogen and eubiotic	Restores flora during the postmenopausal period, as it contains the hormone estriol, which decreases with age, and lactobacilli	Hormone estriol and lactobacilli acidophilus. The composition contains lactose, which is necessary for lactobacilli to synthesize lactic acid.
Vaginal capsules	Lactozhinal	A product that regulates the balance of microflora	Restores vaginal flora after vaginosis. Used for the prevention of prenatal and gynecological operations.	Lactobacilli in the form of lyophiliate
Vaginal capsules	Trioginal	Regulates flora and normalizes the level of estrogens and gestagens	Restoration of vaginal flora. Used for atrophic vulvovaginitis, which is associated with hormone deficiency.	Lactobacilli in the form of lyophilisate, estriol, progesterone.
Capsules for oral administration	Ecofemin Florovag	Normalization of a woman’s flora in the intimate area	Increases lactobacilli	Lactobacilli of different strains
Tablets for oral administration	Vagilak	Normalization of vaginal flora	Restores flora	Lactobacilli

The flora recovers for at least a month, or even more. Suppositories are recommended to be used 1 to 2 times a day. If the drug is prescribed once a day, it is preferable at night, after toileting the genitals.

For washing, you cannot use products that contain soap, as the flora is disrupted due to the alkaline environment, which kills beneficial lactobacilli. It is necessary to use specialized products for genital hygiene, such as Epigen intimate gel, Lactacid, Saugella.

Tips for treatment with means for restoring microflora in gynecology:

a diet that excludes sweets, yeast, and alcohol. Add more vitamins, vegetables and fruits to your diet;
washing in the morning and evening with lactic acid-based products;
washing with herbal infusions: chamomile, calendula;
insert the candle while lying down. Legs pressed to chest. Wash your hands with soap first.
if the candle was prescribed to be inserted in the morning and evening, then in the morning, after inserting the candle, lie down for 30 minutes. Then put on the gasket;
exclude sexual intercourse.

Means for restoring vaginal microflora using traditional methods

In folk medicine there are many ways to restore the vaginal environment:

douching with infusion of plants: chamomile, calendula, sage;
douching with soda, kefir or furatsilin;
make a tampon from honey and insert it vaginally in the morning. Don't forget about possible allergies to honey. In the evening, insert a tampon soaked in kefir;
moisten a tampon in sea buckthorn oil and insert vaginally for two weeks;
prepare an infusion of cinquefoil herb. Douche at night.

Restoration of vaginal microflora in pregnant women

In pregnant women, the prescription of medication to restore microflora in gynecology is limited to the prescription of suppositories with lactobacilli (acylact, laktonorm) and capsules or tablets (Vagilak). The doctor tells pregnant women how to restore the microflora, so when prescribing medications, you should consult a gynecologist.

Hygienic care is not a contraindication during pregnancy, so washing gels based on lactic acid and herbs are allowed.

Thus, it is important to note that it is necessary to use drugs to restore vaginal flora. After all, the internal environment of the vagina is an important component of women’s health. You should not start treatment, but consult a doctor in time to prescribe medications to restore microflora in the intimate area.

Preparations for restoring vaginal flora - video

The main purpose of the 40 beneficial bacteria in this organ is to produce lactic acid, which is responsible for maintaining an acidic environment. It is the microflora with an acidity of 3.8-4.5 pH that protects the female body from pathogenic bacteria. Violation of such acidity entails dysbacteriosis or bacterial vaginosis. But acidity can also be restored with the help of healing traditional medicine.

How can a woman suspect the presence of this disease? Its symptoms may be discharge, or rather a change in it. With dysbacteriosis, they become white-yellow with an unpleasant smell of rotten fish. Bacterial vaginosis also causes itching, pain during urination, sexual intercourse, burning, and vaginal dryness. If a woman does not pay attention to such symptoms, then the lack of timely treatment will lead to the transition of the acute form of dysbiosis to chronic or to the following complications:

Endometritis. Inflammation of the uterine mucosa usually leads to impaired reproductive function.
Adnexit(inflammation of the ovaries).
Colpitis. It is accompanied by purulent discharge, fever, cramps and pain at rest.
Cervicitis. Typically, inflammation of the cervix causes severe pain during sexual intercourse.
Cystitis. Infection of the urinary ducts leads to problems with urination.

At home, therapy with folk remedies is aimed at restoring healthy vaginal microflora. This is the use of such treatment options:

Soda + iodine. It is necessary to cool a liter of boiling water, dissolve a tablespoon of baking soda and 50 drops of iodine in it. This healing liquid should be poured into the bath. You need to take such baths for ten days.
Honey + kefir. You can make your own tampons from sterile gauze, or you can buy ready-made hygienic ones at the pharmacy for treatment. They are soaked in a mixture of kefir (it is better to take homemade yogurt rather than a store-bought product) and honey until completely soaked. Such tampons should be placed deep into the vagina at night after hygiene procedures. The course of such treatment takes 10 days. The only limitation to the use of this method of restoring microflora is an allergy to bee products.
Sea buckthorn oil. It should be used for therapy in a similar manner. Tampons with a product of high healing power are placed every evening for 10-12 days.
Pharmaceutical camomile. To use a medicinal plant, an infusion is prepared from a tablespoon of dry raw materials and a glass of boiling water. Under the lid, the product is prepared for an hour and filtered. A course of douching with chamomile lasts 14 days. This should be done in the evening and in the morning. Such douching is also useful as a preventive measure during freezing.
Milk serum. Douching with serum will also bring undoubted benefits for restoring the vaginal microflora. You need to take a homemade product, heat it and dilute it one to one with boiled water. You need to douche every evening before going to bed.
Potentilla herb. It is necessary to prepare an infusion of two tablespoons of dry raw materials and half a liter of boiling water. The product is prepared for 40 minutes under the lid, filtered, and applied in the form of douches.

All of the above activities should be carried out against the background of general strengthening of the immune system. And onions, garlic, and propolis can help with this. They should be included in the daily menu during the course of local treatment. It also needs to be enriched with dairy products and vitamins.

After restoring the vaginal microflora, many women wonder whether the problem can return again. Yes maybe. And in order to minimize the likelihood of relapse in the future, every woman needs to take care of herself. This means visiting a good gynecologist once every 6 months, even when nothing is bothering you. It is also recommended to use special soap containing lactic acid for intimate hygiene. There are many such products in the pharmacy chain today. You should also avoid casual relationships, unprotected sex, and wearing tight synthetic underwear. During the cold season, women should keep their feet warm, avoiding freezing.

Violation of the vaginal microflora occurs more than once in a woman’s life. Moreover, this trouble can affect not only women who are sexually active, but also virgins. What should be the normal vaginal microflora, what are the symptoms of its negative changes and how to treat it?

Normally, many microorganisms live in the mucous membrane of the female genital organs, but about 95% of them are lactobacilli. These microorganisms are good; they produce lactic acid, which does not allow harmful microorganisms to multiply. The remaining 5% are opportunistic microorganisms - gardnerella, fungi of the genus Candida, etc. Sometimes the number of lactobacilli begins to decrease, and they are replaced by harmful microorganisms. Then a violation of the vaginal microflora gives the following symptoms:

copious discharge (gray, green or white), often with a pungent odor;
redness and itching of the genitals;
pain during sexual intercourse due to vaginal dryness.

If vaginal microflora disorders are not treated, pathogens can infect the urinary system and spread further into the fallopian tubes and ovaries. The result is kidney problems, infertility, adhesions in the tubes, and ectopic pregnancy. This pathology poses a great danger to expectant mothers. After all, their risk of premature birth and postpartum endometritis increases several times.

But before we talk about getting rid of this pathology, we will find out what are the causes of disturbances in the vaginal microflora in women, because any disease is easier to prevent than to treat.

Most often, changes in microflora occur due to hormones. More precisely, due to hormonal imbalances, which often occur in women during menopause, as well as when taking certain medications. For example, oral contraceptives.

In addition, chronic diseases, such as diabetes, can have a certain impact. You will have to think about how to restore the vaginal microflora even after long-term use of antibiotics, frequent use of vaginal contraceptives (spermicides) or douching. By the way, antibiotics are often found in store-bought meat and dairy products, so you can get dysbiosis without directly taking antibacterial agents.

If you have corresponding symptoms, you need to consult a gynecologist. But you are unlikely to be given an effective prescription after the first appointment, since you will need to examine the smear microscopy and the results of bacteriological culture. To prescribe tablets or suppositories for vaginal microflora disturbances, the doctor must know which pathogen is the culprit of dysbiosis. It would also be useful to get tested for hidden sexually transmitted infections.

If Candida fungus is detected in the smear, and symptoms typical of candidiasis, such as itching and white, cheesy discharge, bother you, the doctor will prescribe antifungal agents. Suppositories for intravaginal use or tablets for oral administration may be prescribed. In mild cases, a single dose of the drug is sufficient for the complete disappearance of unpleasant symptoms.

If gardnerella is detected in the smear, then treatment will be carried out with other drugs, antibacterial and antiseptic. And this disease will be called bacterial vaginosis. After treatment, gynecologists usually recommend taking a course of 7-10 days to normalize the microflora. The choice of drugs for topical use is very wide: “Lactozhinal”, “Acipol”, “Acilact”, etc. “Vagilak” shows good results when taken orally.

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