The combination of symptoms accompanied by the appearance of severe lower back pain is called renal colic. Renal colic and acute urinary retention are interrelated. Many people believe that this disease is associated with kidney problems, but in reality it is a complication of other acute and chronic processes occurring in the body and is associated with acute blockage of the urinary tract (purulent discharge, stones, blood clots, etc.) Adults are susceptible to this disease over the age of 40, elderly people, as well as those whose work involves heavy lifting and hypothermia. Children do not get this disease very often.

Causes of colic

Main factors

• urolithiasis (UCD);
• kidney prolapse;
• disruption of the formation of the genitourinary system;
• glomerulo- and pyelonephritis;
• malignant neoplasms of the kidneys;
• kinking of the urinary canal;
• injuries;
• neoplasms (adenomas, uterus, rectum).

Related factors

• dehydration (with chronic intestinal disorders);
• taking large doses of diuretics;
• work involving frequent heavy lifting;
• hypothermia;

Urolithiasis is the most common cause of colic.

Most often, renal colic can be caused by urolithiasis. Kidney stones, which form as a result of this disease, clog the urinary canal, disrupting the flow of urine. In this case, a lot of fluid collects, which overstretches the renal pelvis, disrupts blood circulation in the organ and causes an attack of acute renal pain.

Symptoms in men and women

Symptoms of colic in men and women are:

• pain;
• urinary disturbance;
• increased body temperature;
• dyspeptic disorders.

At the initial stage of the disease, the same symptoms are observed for men and women.

Women get this disease less often than men, but the symptoms of renal colic in men are the same. The leading symptom of renal colic is the presence of cramping pain. First, spasms are localized in the lumbar region. Then the pain expands and radiates to the groin, genitals (in men - to the penis and scrotum, in women - to the labia), and upper thigh. Renal colic is characterized by a protracted course. During this time, the pain is localized in the lower torso. The manifestation of this disease is the urge to urinate frequently, but due to blockage of the urethra it is difficult. Vomiting with renal colic is observed when the pain moves to the upper abdomen. Dyspeptic disorders appear (colitis, constipation, nausea, vomiting, patients feel fever). The main feature that makes them more painful is that patients often change their body position.

Pregnancy and colic

During pregnancy, existing diseases worsen and new ones appear. At this time, the body’s protective functions decrease, immunity decreases, and stones form in the kidneys. Then there will be renal colic syndrome. Pregnant women more often notice the appearance of renal colic on the right. The signs of renal colic in pregnant women are no different from the symptoms of ordinary colic, but are more violent. Right-sided renal colic during pregnancy is accompanied by severe pain, problems with urination, and fever. A spasm of the smooth muscles of the uterus occurs and is accompanied by an increase in tone, which leads to the threat of miscarriage.

Symptoms of colic in children

Colic is very rarely diagnosed in children, so treatment is carried out in a hospital.

Renal colic occurs very rarely in children. Pain may appear during the school period at the age of 10−14 years. The main causes of the disease are:

• heredity;
• congenital defects in the development of the urinary system;
• environmental problems (presence of high levels of Ca in drinking water);
• increased physical activity and sports;
• hypothermia.

The pain associated with this disease in children is not as severe as in adults. Therefore, they cannot show exactly where it hurts, pointing either to the stomach or to the lower back. Renal colic occurs more often on the right side (the right kidney is affected). In such cases, it is necessary to consult a doctor to establish an accurate diagnosis. These manifestations are treated in a hospital.

Complications of renal colic

The occurrence of complications depends on the timeliness and quality of medical care provided, physical condition, and factors that caused the disease. These include:

• acute purulent pyelonephritis;
• septic shock;
• renal failure;
• the appearance of narrowing of the ureter.

If treatment is not done in a timely manner, ulcers form in the kidneys.

If medical care is not provided in a timely manner, small pustules form in the kidneys, the contents of which spread throughout the body, causing severe intoxication. Patients experience chills, fever that is difficult to control, dry mouth, and pain when urinating. Later, septic shock may develop. It can be triggered by an increase in toxins in the blood. Patients experience fever, confusion, seizures, weak pulse, and hypotension. This is a very dangerous complication of renal colic, with a high risk of death.

With severe hypotension (caused by shock), renal failure occurs. This manifestation of complications occurs due to the fact that blood circulation in the affected kidney is disrupted, as a result of which the pressure in the kidney rises and it does not perform the function of filtering and producing urine, metabolism is disrupted, which leads to the failure of all systems of the human body. This disease can cause narrowing of the ureter. Normally, it is an elastic, hollow tube that helps move urine from the kidney to the bladder. But after suffering from an illness, narrowings form in it, which prevent the free flow of fluid through the ureter, causing stagnation.

Diagnosis of renal colic

• Examination by a urologist.
• General analysis of urine and blood.
• Blood chemistry.
• Ultrasound and CT scan (shows the condition of the kidney tissue and the presence of stones).
• Excretory urography - intravenous administration of contrast helps to find out where the stone is located (be sure to do a contrast tolerance test).
• Chromocystoscopy - detects the absence of contrast secretion through a blocked ureter.

A urologist will prescribe a comprehensive diagnosis.

The urologist's task is to collect anamnesis. The patient's description of his symptoms makes it possible to determine the severity of the disease. Objective examination: - pain will occur on the side where the stone is located. Percussion will reveal pronounced pain sensations. They can be on the left or right (left-sided or right-sided colic). Laboratory tests revealed blood in the urine, urate salts, and oxalates. With renal colic, an increase in leukocytes and protein is observed in the urine. Blood tests show increased ESR and leukocytes. A change in the amount of creatinine and urea indicates impaired renal function, and an increase in calcium and a decrease in magnesium and phosphorus confirms metabolic disorders and the risk of cameos.

Differential diagnosis

This disease has many common symptoms with other diseases of the abdominal cavity, so differential diagnosis is needed to confirm this pathology:

• With appendicitis, the onset of the disease is the same as with renal colic - the sudden appearance of pain in the lower abdomen, but with appendicitis it decreases if the patient lies down. The nature of the pain in appendicitis is local, and the pain in renal colic is radiating to other organs.
An attack of renal colic occurs suddenly and lasts up to 15 hours. First aid is provided after colic is established or a recurrent attack occurs. If renal colic occurs and the patient is at home at this time, then you need to put a heating pad or something warm on the place where it hurts the most. They also use antispasmodics, which are in the home medicine cabinet (Baralgin, Papaverine). Each urination needs to be monitored - collect urine in any container and check for the presence of stones in it. Further treatment of renal colic is carried out in a hospital, the duration of which depends on the severity of the disease. Help with renal colic consists of relieving spastic pain:
• “No-spa” is an antispasmodic that is injected intravenously with 2 ml of a 2% solution.
• "Baralgin" is an analgesic, anti-inflammatory substance that should be administered intravenously to children over 15 years of age and adults.
• "Diclofenac sodium" - reduces inflammation and swelling in the area of ​​inflammation. 75 mg is administered parenterally.

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Renal colic symptoms in women treatment

Renal colic symptoms in women on the right: treatment, symptoms

When renal colic occurs, the symptoms in women can vary depending on the disease they are a consequence of.

The intensity of renal colic can be quite high, so the woman needs emergency medical care.

Physician intervention should be immediate also for the reason that kidney spasms are often accompanied by serious disturbances in urodynamics.

Failure of the urinary process favors the occurrence of dangerous kidney pathologies, among which are hydronephrosis, pyelonephritis, and renal failure.

Renal colic is accompanied by pain that occurs in the abdomen, then radiating to the groin area.

In most cases, pain occurs due to excessive compression or stretching of the ureter. This happens when a large stone penetrates it.

In addition to kidney stones, blood clots, pus or mucus can act as an obstacle.

Blood clots occur when the stone that has moved has sharp protrusions. Moving along the urinary tract, it damages the mucous membrane of the ureter and kidneys, causing bleeding.

Clots of pus and mucus are a consequence of inflammatory processes. More often, this situation is provoked by the acute stage of pyelonephritis.

Painful symptoms of renal colic in a woman occur against the background of increased pressure of fluid concentrated in the renal pelvis. Due to the fact that the outflow of urine is seriously impaired, the renal parenchyma swells and the renal capsule is overstretched.

This unusual condition provokes an attack of colic, which brings excessive suffering to the patient.

The outflow of urine, and with it the occurrence of colic, provokes a kink of the ureter, characteristic of pathological activity of the kidneys against the background of nephroptosis and their abnormal descent.

Kink of the ureter

Compression of the ureter causes injury to the organ, hematomas, as well as pathologies such as renal vein thrombosis and renal infarction.

A malignant tumor, accompanied by rapid growth, can narrow the urinary lumens to an extreme minimum.

External factors, which include the patient’s lifestyle, place of work, and genetic predisposition, can influence the frequent occurrence of colic attacks.

In particular, working in hot shops, living in places with a hot climate provokes dehydration of the body, an increase in the concentration of salt deposits, and the rapid occurrence of urolithiasis.

The kidney needs a sufficient amount of water daily. If the patient does not comply with the drinking regime, the risk of developing urolithiasis increases several times.

The kidneys negatively perceive hypothermia, reacting to this with inflammatory and infectious processes. For this reason, doctors recommend giving preference to clothing that prevents organs from hypothermia.

Clinical manifestations

Symptoms of renal colic in women are the most striking and intense among other symptoms of kidney pathologies. Colic occurs suddenly, the patient cannot predict the moment of its manifestation.

However, some external factors can still affect the appearance of colic, which include traveling on a bumpy road, performing heavy work associated with lifting weights, and applying a strong blow to the lumbar region.

Colic zones

Spasms during colic are accompanied by high intensity, but what worsens the patient’s situation is that their duration can be either short-term or up to several hours.

It is not difficult to distinguish colic from other symptoms, since they are of a constant cramping nature. They can radiate not only to the groin area, but also to the perineum, rectum, and thigh.

The patient’s general condition is rapidly deteriorating, along with this, additional symptoms arise that cause serious concern about the woman’s health.

Against the background of general deterioration, women begin to experience attacks of nausea and vomiting. Severe bloating may occur.

False urges to defecate and urinate appear. When the bladder is emptied, a small amount of urine is released.

Women also experience a symptom characteristic of many kidney problems in the form of increased blood pressure, which is difficult to lower with medications.

Hematuria

If the problem arose due to urolithiasis, symptoms of hematuria (blood in the urine) are observed, indicating that the stone is moving through the urinary tract, damaging its mucous membranes.

When the situation worsens, a symptom appears - a harbinger of a dangerous situation in the form of a short-term loss of consciousness. The patient may not lose consciousness, but be in a semi-fainting state.

In these cases, additional symptoms occur in the form of pale skin, the appearance of perspiration, followed by a rapid drop in blood pressure.

Quite often, as soon as the symptoms of renal colic disappear, the patient experiences relief, followed by the urge to urinate. The volume of fluid released will be quite large.

The patient may detect a sign of hematuria or stone passage in the excreted urine.

Due to the fact that symptoms of renal colic in women may indicate various diseases, doctors immediately refer the patient for differential diagnosis.

Symptoms of renal colic may be similar to those of appendicitis, as well as hepatic colic. Vascular pathologies, intestinal obstruction in women, as well as certain gynecological problems can also be misleading.

Analysis of urine

Radiculitis, intervertebral hernias, and intercostal neuralgia in women have similar symptoms.

At the same time, the doctor clarifies the woman’s symptoms that she has noticed and certainly listens to her complaints.

At this point, the laboratory conducts a general urine test, the results of which can be used to determine what pathology caused the failure.

Doctors do not limit themselves only to laboratory tests of urinary fluid, since an incorrect diagnosis creates the basis for prescribing incorrect treatment, which can cause death.

It depends on the diagnosis what treatment the doctor will carry out. If the diagnosis is incorrect, only the external symptoms will be muted, but the cause will remain, continuing to worsen.

Based on the patient’s condition, doctors refer her for an X-ray of the abdominal cavity. Also, urography with the introduction of a contrast agent will help demonstrate the level of performance of the ureter and kidneys.

An ultrasound examination is carried out, accompanied by high information content. During an ultrasound, doctors are able to visually observe the shape of the kidneys, their size, and the presence of stones.

A type of endoscopic examination, such as chromocystoscopy, is also indicated, which allows one to determine the nature and speed of the urinary process.

To be able to reliably determine the causes of renal colic, doctors can direct a woman to undergo a computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scan.

Treatment

If symptoms of renal colic are detected, doctors should refer the woman for diagnosis, and after receiving the results, develop an effective treatment plan.

The primary measures should be actions aimed at eliminating pain symptoms.

Electropuncture

For this purpose, doctors use antispasmodic drugs, analgesics, and herbal-based medications that act as alternative medications.

To eliminate the symptoms of intense renal colic, a woman is recommended to take a warm bath or apply a warm heating pad to the area to relieve pain symptoms.

If an attack of renal colic continues for a long period, doctors decide to carry out a novocaine blockade.

Acupuncture is also indicated in these cases. A procedure such as electropuncture is also accompanied by high results.

Therapeutic measures are aimed not only at eliminating pain symptoms, but also at eliminating the identified causes that provoked pathological changes in the body.

In particular, for inflammatory processes, antibiotics and antiseptics can be prescribed.

If the culprits of the symptoms of intense pain are stones, doctors prescribe drugs that resolve such uroliths.

If the stones are large in size, or if the woman’s condition deteriorates significantly, doctors resort to surgical intervention, during which the stones are crushed.

Modern medicine has equipment that uses gentle methods to crush stones using a laser, shock wave, or ultrasound.

Of course, in order for the treatment process to be accompanied by high efficiency, doctors guide the woman to adjust her diet and lifestyle.

It is very important during the treatment process to follow a strict diet, excluding certain foods indicated by the doctor.

Also, doctors always focus on maintaining a drinking regime. If there are no contraindications regarding pathological swelling, a woman is recommended to take up to three liters of fluid.

Complications and prevention

Renal colic provokes the appearance of dangerous pathologies that arise as a result of disturbances in the outflow of urine.

In particular, from the accumulation of large amounts of urine, the kidneys increase in size, and along with them, the pelvis also increases in size, provoking hydronephrosis.

Hydronephrosis

Against the background of renal colic, pathologies such as pyelonephritis and pyonephrosis can also occur.

Unfortunately, inaction and failure to carry out medical measures are fraught with loss of the functionality of the organ, and subsequently can lead to its complete loss.

In order to never experience symptoms of renal colic throughout her life, a woman must take care not only of maintaining the correct drinking regimen, but also of the quality of the water.

Drinking tap water is not allowed, since it may contain large amounts of salts and minerals, which are the main causes of urolithiasis.

It is useful to fortify the body, saturating it with vitamins in strictly defined dosages. In particular, an excess of vitamin C can, on the contrary, negatively affect a woman’s health, contributing to the formation of stones.

Vitamins

Vitamin A deficiency favors the death of the epithelium, which precipitates and provokes the formation of stones.

It is also useful to take vitamin D within normal limits, which neutralizes oxalic acid, thereby preventing urolithiasis.

Unfortunately, its excess favors an increase in urine concentration and, accordingly, the formation of stones.

Due to the fact that the kidneys are afraid of hypothermia, urologists guide women to maintain the correct temperature.

So, renal colic has serious consequences, so it must be prevented rather than subsequently undergoing therapeutic measures. Of course, preventive measures are not always accompanied by effectiveness, but nevertheless, their implementation significantly reduces the risk of dangerous complications.

mkb03.ru

Renal colic in women: causes, symptoms and treatment

Renal colic in a woman occurs in the form of an acute painful attack, which occurs suddenly when urinary passage is disrupted, as well as when intrapelvic pressure increases. With renal colic, a woman experiences cramping pain in the lumbar region that radiates downwards. In addition, urination becomes more frequent, the woman feels nauseous, and may even vomit. What to do with colic in the kidneys? How dangerous is the disease? Is it possible to cure it?

Causes of female renal colic

Pathology develops with disorders of the urinary system. Renal colic is caused by internal blockage, compression of the urinary tract. First, the muscles of the ureter reflexively contract, then the hydrostatic pressure inside the pelvis increases, renal ischemia is observed, the parenchyma swells, and the fibrous renal capsule is overstretched. When a woman's sensory receptors are irritated, pain begins to develop, which is characteristic of renal colic.

As medical practice shows, about 60% of cases in which renal colic is provoked by urolithiasis. In some situations, pain occurs as a result of pyelonephritis, in which pus and mucus accumulate.

Sometimes renal colic is caused by:

• Torsion or kinking of the ureter.
• Renal dystopia.
• Stricture of the ureter.

Externally, the urinary tract can be compressed by a tumor of the ureter, kidneys, prostate gland, as well as retroperitoneal hematoma. Colic in the kidneys occurs with vascular diseases in the urinary tract, less often with embolism, with renal infarction.

With congenital pathology - dyskinesia, achalasia, megacalycosis, urodynamics in the upper urinary tract are disrupted, and subsequently renal colic develops in women.

Symptoms of colic in the kidneys in women

When the disease occurs, intense, cramping pain in the lumbar region may suddenly occur. Most often it bothers you at night in your sleep. Sometimes renal colic appears after physical exertion, shaking in transport, long walking, or after taking diuretics.

In women, pain may radiate to the thigh, labia and perineum. An attack of pain can last several hours or a whole day. The patient is restless, begins to rush about, and cannot find a position in which it will be easier for him.

Renal colic is accompanied by frequent urination, anuria and oliguria. Some women complain about:

• Increased dry mouth.
• Cutting in the urethra.
• Vomiting.
• Flatulence.

Sometimes blood pressure may increase, the woman may experience chills and tachycardia. Severe pain can result in a woman's state of shock, which is accompanied by hypotension, pale skin, cold sweat, and bradycardia.

It is important to promptly distinguish renal colic from diseases such as:

• Acute appendicitis.
• Cholecystitis.
• Acute pancreatitis.
• Vascular thrombosis.
• Aortic aneurysm.
• Ectopic pregnancy.
• Torsion of the pedicle of an ovarian cyst.
• Gastric ulcer.
• Intervertebral disc herniation.
• Intercostal neuralgia.

Diagnosis of female renal colic

During the disease, it is impossible to touch the diseased kidney. After an attack, a urine test is given. As a rule, blood clots, red blood cells, salts, protein, epithelium, and leukocytes are found in it.

To exclude abdominal pathology, a survey x-ray of the abdominal cavity is performed. An X-ray and urogram are also additionally performed. With the help of intravenous urography, you can find out about changes in the pelvis, renal displacement, and the nature of the bend of the ureter.

During renal colic, it is necessary to undergo chromocystoscopy. With its help, you can find out about hemorrhage and swelling in a timely manner. To study the condition of the urinary tract in detail, it is necessary to conduct an ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder to exclude an acute abdomen.

The cause of renal colic in a woman can be determined after a tomographic examination - MRI or CT.

Treatment methods for renal colic

Thermal procedures will help stop an attack - applying a heating pad to the lumbar region or abdomen. Sitz baths are also very helpful. Please note that the water temperature should be no more than 39 degrees.

You can relieve pain, spasm from the urinary tract and restore urinary flow with the help of antispasmodics and painkillers. Baralgin, Promedol, Atropine, No-spa are administered intravenously. An injection of Platiphylline is given intramuscularly.

If an attack of renal colic drags on, a novocaine blockade is prescribed. In case of an acute attack, acupuncture and electropuncture are additionally used. When small stones are diagnosed in a woman’s ureter, physiotherapeutic procedures may be prescribed - ultrasound therapy, diadynamic therapy, as well as vibration therapy.

If renal colic is accompanied by acute pyelonephritis and a high temperature rises, in this case all thermal procedures are prohibited. In this situation, it is best to call an ambulance to prevent serious complications.

Prevention of renal colic in women

To prevent renal colic from happening again, it is necessary to promptly stop and eliminate the cause of its development. In case of prolonged obstruction of the urinary tract, it can result in renal failure. It is dangerous when an infection is added to renal colic, then everything ends in secondary pyelonephritis, bacteremic shock, and urosepsis.

To prevent renal colic, it is necessary to eliminate all risks, especially urolithiasis. For preventive purposes, do not forget to visit a urologist at least once a year, undergo an ultrasound, and take urine and blood tests. The sooner the pathology is detected, the better.

Thus, renal colic brings a woman a lot of trouble. It is especially dangerous during pregnancy, therefore, when planning a baby, it is necessary to undergo a preliminary examination of the kidneys and promptly identify all diseases.

medportal.su

Renal colic - causes, symptoms in men and women, diagnosis, treatment and prevention

How can you help a person if he has an attack of renal colic, and he cannot find a place for himself from the pain that is tearing him to pieces? Renal colic cannot be treated at home, but you need to know what to do in order to significantly alleviate the patient’s condition and try to relieve the acute spasms of pain that torments him. Colic in the kidneys can be caused by a variety of reasons, and first aid measures should be known to the relatives and friends of a person suffering from pathological diseases of the genitourinary system, so that he does not suffer from painful shock in the acute stage of colic.

What is renal colic

The resulting sharp pain in the lumbar region, an acute impairment of renal function, is called colic. The attack begins suddenly, at any time of the day or night. Colic develops when the renal calyceal cavity overflows as a result of delayed urine outflow. Stretching of the kidney and an increase in pressure in it contribute to the occurrence of severe pain, which is a consequence of the resulting pathology. Such an attack can last from several minutes to a week, turning a person’s life into torture in the absence of therapeutic measures.

Kidney dysfunction syndrome may be accompanied by the following symptoms:

• acute pain attack in the lumbar region on one or both sides;
• the presence of blood, sand suspension in the urine;
• frequent urination, pain when emptying the bladder;
• spread of pain to the lower parts of the body - groin areas, inner thighs;
• urination deficiency;
• bloating of the lower abdomen;
• nausea, vomiting, weakness;
• diarrhea, or vice versa, constipation;
• restless behavior.

Disruption of the blood supply to the kidney, the loss of its functions leads to acute and sharp attacks of pain, the localization of which can manifest itself in different places - in the lower back on the right or left side. Pain sensations radiate (spread) to the groin area, lower abdomen, external genitalia, and inner thighs. There are left-sided and right-sided renal pain syndromes. If you manage to relieve the attack, the intensity of the pain subsides, but mild painful sensations remain.

Renal colic in children

In babies who cannot yet speak themselves, colic can be recognized by increased anxiety, hysterical crying, and a swollen tummy. The attack can last 5-15 minutes, and some children experience vomiting. If the child can speak, then when asked about the location of the pain, the umbilical, lumbar, and groin areas are indicated. Since cramping pain may indicate serious pathologies fraught with serious complications, the child should be immediately shown to a doctor.

Causes

Colic can occur with the following pathologies:

• accumulation of kidney stones and blockage of the urinary tract;
• with kinks and narrowing of the urethra, ureter (observed in men);
• in pregnant women, the fetus can cause pinching of the kidney;
• prolapse of the kidney (nephroptosis);
• acute pyelonephritis and other kidney diseases;
• tumors of internal organs;
• colitis;
• abnormal structure of the organs of the urinary system;
• allergies due to taking various medications;
• tuberculous kidney damage.

Diagnostics

To identify the pathology that caused the acute pain syndrome, the doctor must take a medical history, conduct a differential diagnosis, ask the patient about the nature of the pain, the time of its occurrence, localization, accompanying symptoms (was there blood in the urine, problems with urination). The nephrologist can also ask about illnesses suffered during life that were accompanied by disruption of the genitourinary system, the presence of pyelonephritis, how much fluid the patient drinks, and whether he has an addiction to salty foods.

After compiling a medical history, the doctor proceeds to practical diagnostic methods:

• An initial visual examination of the patient is carried out, and careful palpation of the painful area is performed.
• Blood and urine are taken for analysis. An acute inflammatory process may be indicated by an increase in the number of leukocytes in the blood and urine, and the presence of creatinines and red blood cells in the urine.
• An echographic examination of the kidneys is done to identify the location, structure, and localization of the stone in these organs.
• A study is carried out using excretory urography.
• Sometimes a computed tomography scan of the urinary organs is done to identify the cause of colic.

Treatment

To relieve an attack of colic due to renal dysfunction, you need to know what pathology caused this syndrome and eliminate it. The patient's semi-fainting state, nausea, and vomiting require immediate hospitalization and restoration of renal capacity in an inpatient setting. If the presence of appendicitis or hepatic colic is not detected, then doctors simultaneously take measures to relieve pain and eliminate the cause of the disease.

The patient may be prescribed drugs that alkalize urine and dissolve stones, and a special diet. In this case, you will have to take multivitamin complexes and diuretics, which eliminate the likelihood of the formation of kidney stones. If the cause of colic was kidney tuberculosis, then special medications are prescribed to get rid of the pathology. Surgical intervention is indicated in the absence of effect from drug treatment.

First aid for renal colic

It is important to correctly diagnose the disease, since colic with renal dysfunction can be mistaken for other, no less serious, formidable diseases - acute appendicitis, pancreatitis, intestinal obstruction. If it is established for sure that the patient suffers from colic, then at home treatment of renal colic and first-aid care to eliminate the symptoms of the disease may consist of the following methods:

• Warming the sore spot with a heating pad or taking a warm bath. Heat causes dilation of the ureter and urethra, which reduces pain at home.
• Taking antispasmodics, NSAIDs, which have a relaxing effect on smooth muscles and eliminate colic.
• Drink plenty of warm drinks.

Medicines for renal colic

To stop an acute attack, doctors prescribe the following groups of drugs:

• antispasmodics;
• painkillers;
• antiemetics;
• medications to reduce urine output (to reduce pressure in the renal pelvis);
• products that help dissolve stones and concretions.

Among the drugs that help get rid of stones in the urethra and ureter, the following can be distinguished:

• Potassium citrate. Helps maintain the required salt balance in urine for effective stone dissolution. The dosage is prescribed individually, with constant monitoring of urine analysis. You can take no more than 50 mEq of medication per day.
• Bicarbonate of soda. The solution will help dissolve the urates. The required concentration of the drug is prescribed by the doctor; you need to take a teaspoon three times a day for 2-3 months with constant monitoring of urine analysis.

Painkiller

To relieve acute unbearable pain, doctors use the following drugs:

• Baralgin. Effectively helps eliminate pain by relaxing muscle spasms. For colic of renal origin, 5 ml is prescribed intramuscularly or intravenously every 4-6 hours.
• Ketorolac. An excellent pain reliever that reduces inflammation and relieves fever. For colic, intramuscular injections of 60 mg are given every 3-5 hours until the attack completely disappears.

Antispasmodics

Together with painkillers, doctors use antispasmodics for renal colic, which effectively eliminate pain. This group of drugs includes the following drugs:

• Atropine. The use of the drug helps to relax the smooth muscles of the kidney, while the pain subsides and the patient feels better. IM injections with a concentration of up to 1 mg of atropine daily are indicated.
• Hyoscine butyl bromide. Reduces smooth muscle tone, relieves spasm of the urinary canals. In case of acute pain syndrome, a dropper is given with 20-40 mg of the active substance for adults, 5-10 mg for children, three times a day until the colic disappears.

No-shpa

Drotaverine has a hypotensive, antispasmodic effect, relaxes the smooth muscles of the kidneys. In case of an acute attack of colic, it is recommended to take 3-4 tablets at a time to relieve painful spasms. However, you should not count on complete elimination of renal failure with one dose of No-shpa at home. If colic is accompanied by vomiting and fever, you should immediately call an ambulance to hospitalize the patient.

Surgery

Surgery is indicated in the following situations:

• for complications of urolithiasis;
• dropsy of the kidney (hydronephrosis);
• stones and concretions of large diameter;
• lack of effect from previous therapy.

There are several methods of surgical treatment of colic:

• Contact and extracorporeal lithotripsy. The operation is carried out on an outpatient basis, the stone is crushed by directed ultrasound remotely or contactally, with the introduction of a thin tube to the site of dislocation of the stone.
• Percutaneous nephrolithotomy. A puncture is made in the skin, into which a special instrument is inserted to remove the stone.
• Open surgery. It is used only when overflow of the renal pelvis has caused purulent lesions of the kidney parenchyma and tissue necrosis.

Treatment with folk remedies

To relieve colic, you can use the following folk recipes:

• Mix dry birch leaves, mint leaves, and juniper fruits in a 1:1 ratio. Take 6 tbsp. l. mixture, pour a liter of boiling water, leave in the dark for 30 minutes. Drink the solution within 1 hour.
• 8 tbsp. l. Add fresh birch leaves and buds to a liter of water and cook in a water bath for 20 minutes. Drink the infusion within 1-2 hours.

Prevention

You can try to avoid acute attacks of pain due to renal dysfunction by observing the following rules:

• treat diseases of the genitourinary system in a timely manner;
• undergo regular examinations with a nephrologist;
• avoid hypothermia and drafts;
• alternate sedentary and active lifestyles;
• drink at least 2 liters of clean water per day;
• take complexes containing calcium, vitamins A, C, E, D.

Renal colic should be considered not as a pathology, but as a concomitant symptom. An attack of sharp, unbearable pain in the lower back or sides of the abdomen develops suddenly - the condition is caused by impaired urine passage.

The pain in renal colic is cramping in nature and spreads to the groin. Either complete anuria (lack of urination) or frequent urges with painful passage of small portions are observed.

Causes of renal colic

The pain caused by an attack of renal colic occurs due to stretching or compression of the ureter when calculi come out into its opening: urinary stone, blood clot, mucous and purulent lumps. The muscles of the ureter contract, preventing the free flow of urine.

The fluid pressure in the renal pelvis increases sharply, venous outflow is disrupted, and the organ parenchyma tissue swells. The fibrous capsule of the kidney is overstretched. An attack of renal colic requires strong medicinal pain relief (narcotic group of drugs) or urgent surgical intervention.

The main reason is urolithiasis. In 60% of attacks, the “plug” is formed by urinary stones. With - blood and mucous clots; for kidney tuberculosis - pieces of dead epithelium.

Twisting (kinking) of the ureter occurs, which is provoked by nephroptosis or kidney dystopia. Organ tumors and traumatic hematomas are the cause of external compression of the ureter. Vascular pathologies (renal vein thrombosis, organ infarction, etc.) and congenital anomalies are considered.

A group of inflammatory and congestive diseases responsible for the onset of renal colic in women:

• hydronephrosis, nephritis and cystitis;
• pathology of the uterus;
• polycystic kidney disease;
• inflammation of the appendages () and damage to the fallopian tube;
• twisting of the “leg” of the ovarian cyst;
• ovarian apoplexy (rupture of organ tissue);
• pregnancy ectopic ();
• spontaneous abortion;
• pregnancy.

Symptoms of renal colic in women, attack

The main symptom of renal colic is suddenness of pain. There is no pattern of occurrence. After physical activity, a long walk or shaking while driving, the likelihood of feeling a “knife in the back” increases. The lower back and stomach hurt - bilateral renal colic, only on one side the pain is unilateral.

A woman experiences an acute pain attack, moves chaotically in bed in the hope of finding a comfortable position and relieving the condition. The pain spreads to the thigh, perineum. The skin is pale, cold, damp from sweat. Severe weakness, attacks of nausea interspersed with vomiting, blood pressure rises. Later the temperature will rise.

An attack of renal colic lasts from 3 hours or more, sometimes up to a day, if there is no medical assistance. During this period of time, the nature of the pain and its irradiation changes. The patient develops thirst, flatulence, and chills. Shock develops from severe pain. As soon as renal colic ends, urine comes out freely. When it settles, a precipitate forms.

During an attack, it is important that the doctor is able to correctly “read” the clinical symptoms and differentiate the woman’s condition. The examination is carried out by a gynecologist together with a urologist.

Conditions with similar symptoms and pain:

• acute appendicitis;
• acute pancreatitis;
• perforated gastric ulcer;
• spinal hernia.

Treatment of renal colic in women, drugs

In most cases, treatment of renal colic in women takes place in a hospital, although some attacks successfully end in the passage of a stone. For the first three days, the woman is under medical supervision in order to provide timely assistance in case of relapse.

Indications for mandatory hospitalization:

• it is not possible to relieve the patient’s pain;
• single kidney or donor;
• high temperature and suspicion of infection in the body.

Drug treatment:

• pain-relieving drugs;
• anti-spasm agents;
• reducing urine production;
• antiemetics.

At the same time, vitamins and nutritional supplements are prescribed to treat the cause of urolithiasis.

The surgical method of stone removal is used when it is impossible to do this with conservative treatment. Modern methods are less traumatic. It is not always necessary to even puncture the skin. Ultrasound, laser, endoscopic devices, and stents are used.

Open operations are performed only when it is impossible to carry out other treatment methods and severe damage to the kidney.

Emergency care for renal colic

Emergency assistance to a woman should be provided by loved ones before doctors arrive. At home, use local warming compresses and apply a heating pad to the area of ​​intense pain in the abdomen or back. If possible, take a sitz bath. Water temperature is about 40º C.

If you are sure that the cause of the pain is renal colic, first aid should be provided immediately.

It is necessary to take a medicine that will relieve spasm from smooth muscles (No-spa). You can confidently take an anti-pain medication (Ibuprofen, Ketanov, etc.) at home if it is localized on the left. Otherwise, the symptoms of other acute inflammations may be blurred.

Upon arrival, doctors assess the patient’s condition. Renal colic in a woman requires immediate response. Emergency care is provided by doctors, the algorithm is as follows:

• Complete rest for the patient;
• Thermal procedures to relieve spasms and urine outflow;
• An anesthetic is administered for renal colic, sometimes of a narcotic group;
• Drugs that relieve spasms and antiemetics are used;
• The absence of an effect on the above measures is a signal for the introduction of narcotic drugs (morphine, promedol, etc.);
• Localization of the stone in the pelvic ureter allows for a Lorin-Epstein blockade (injection of novocaine 0.5% into the round ligament of the uterus);
• When the stone is located in the upper part of the ureter, an intrapelvic blockade according to Shkolnikov is used.
• Physiotherapy (vibration therapy, ultrasound therapy, diadynamic therapy) are aimed at removing small stones

The absence of positive dynamics is a signal for urgent hospitalization of the patient. In the hospital, measures are taken: ureteral catheterization, puncture nephrostomy, or surgery.

Attention! The algorithm is only for renal colic. If concomitant pathology of the abdominal organs is suspected, thermal procedures are prohibited.

Diagnosis of the disease

The doctor needs to ask the patient in detail about her lifestyle, daily diet, and hereditary diseases. During palpation, part of the back will be painful.

• Urinalysis will reveal inclusions of red blood cells, protein, elevated white blood cells and epithelial cells.
• To exclude abdominal pathology, radiography is prescribed.
• Intravenous urography. The result of changes in the contours of the calyces and pelvis of the kidneys, the position of the ureter and its bend tells the doctor the cause of the pain.
• Ultrasound of the pelvic and abdominal organs.
• Chromocystoscopy. Determines the slowdown in the release of indigo carmine from the blocked ureter.
• Kidney MRI.
• Clinical blood test and creatine level.

Due to urinary retention, there is a risk of developing pyonephrosis or hydronephrosis. The accumulation of urine forces the kidneys to increase in size, overstretches the tissue, and leads to loss of organ function.

The lack of adequate treatment for urolithiasis leads to obstructive pyelonephritis, and then the risk of urosepsis and bacterial shock increases.

Features of renal colic in pregnant women

When carrying a child, the load on the kidneys increases, the likelihood of exacerbation of chronic pathologies and the risk of an attack of colic increases. In pregnant women, renal colic has the same symptoms and treatment as in other women.

Pain occurs against the background of pyelonephritis or urolithiasis. Localization of pain is often on the right.

You can try to change your body position and find a more comfortable one that causes less pain. Hot baths and heating pads on the lower back are prohibited for pregnant women.

Symptoms during pregnancy

Renal colic can be determined by the tone of the uterus. The remaining symptoms are not much different from a normal attack in non-pregnant women. The same abrupt onset, pain, chills, thirst and weakness.

The danger is the increased tone of the uterus, which increases the likelihood of labor occurring. You can’t hesitate, pregnant women call an ambulance.

In the absence of a doctor or a long wait for a team, they independently take antispasmodics in the form of tablets or intramuscularly (no-spa, baralgin). They will relieve spasms and facilitate urine excretion.

Prevention of renal colic in women

With a timely response to an attack, pain relief and restoration of urine passage, complications and relapse can be avoided. If adequate treatment is not followed, then the changes that have occurred in the kidneys are an irreversible process.

You can prevent a recurrent attack if you exclude risk factors that contribute to the development of urolithiasis:

• Look at what kind of water you drink. The formation of stones is influenced by the content of salts and minerals.
• It is necessary to reduce the proportion of chocolate, smoked meats and marinades in the diet. Limit sorrel and parsley.
• Low intake of vitamin A desquamates the epithelium in the renal pelvis. Such “garbage” serves as building material for future stones.
• Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption. It, in turn, neutralizes oxalic acid inside the intestines. Its danger is expressed by the formation of oxalate stones in the kidneys.
• Excessive vitamin D is also bad for the body, causing dehydration, which thickens the urine and increases the accumulation of calcium salts.
• Congenital anomalies of the urinary tract and kidneys cannot be excluded, but knowing about your peculiarities, it is necessary to monitor your health status.
• Avoid genitourinary tract infections. Pathogens change the composition of urine, its properties and contribute to the crystallization of stones. Certain bacteria damage kidney tissue and create material for stones to form.
• Protect yourself from drafts and hypothermia.
• Lead an active, mobile lifestyle.

Urolithiasis does not manifest itself before renal colic. It is important to follow a diet that prevents or reduces the likelihood of stone formation. Limit:

1. Green salad, sorrel, potatoes, cheese, chocolate and tea. These foods promote oxalate stones.
2. Eggs, beans, chicken, corn, peanuts to avoid the formation of cysteine ​​stones.
3. Dairy products, vegetables (phosphate stones).
4. Meat, legumes, chocolate, coffee. Increases the formation of uric acid stones.

It is not always possible to avoid renal colic. But preventive measures significantly reduce the likelihood of a recurrence of an attack. Pay attention to herbal infusions and decoctions. Enrich your diet with vitamins and calcium. Drink more clean water and do not neglect physical exercise.

June 15, 2017 Doctor

If a person experiences renal colic, his well-being is seriously affected. A strong pain syndrome appears, sometimes it becomes simply unbearable. How to relieve pain? There are many methods, but it is important to use only those that will not harm and will be aimed at treating the underlying disease.

First aid

If a painful attack develops, you should urgently call an ambulance. Patients, as a rule, are taken to a hospital, and after acute colic is relieved, treatment is carried out at home. Before the medical team arrives, you should try to alleviate the patient’s suffering by relieving pain. Pre-medical care is allowed to be provided to a person with left-sided colic and with a history of renal pathologies, when there is no doubt about the diagnosis. If right-sided colic occurs, the diagnosis of inflammation of the appendix should be excluded before taking any medications.

To reduce the severity of the attack, the following measures are allowed:

1. Strengthen your drinking regime.
2. Apply a warm heating pad, a bottle, a bag of sand to the lumbar area (allowed only for repeated colic against the background of the movement of a large stone when the diagnosis has been established). You can also take a hot sitz bath for 10-15 minutes.
3. Give the patient painkillers or antispasmodics to relax smooth muscles, against inflammation and acute pain. Baralgin, Papaverine, No-shpa, Revalgin tablets help well. If there is a health care worker in the family, you can administer the same drugs intramuscularly.
4. In the absence of these drugs, it is allowed to dissolve a Nitroglycerin tablet to relieve the pain of an attack.

What should not be done as first aid measures? It is forbidden to take large doses of analgesics, especially if they do not have the desired effect. Also, you should not heat the lumbar area for a long time; it is better to carry out a short thermal procedure, and then apply dry heat to your back (wrap it with a scarf, handkerchief). Any heating is prohibited if there is an elevated body temperature, because in this case the cause of the disease is the inflammatory process.

Treatment in hospital and at home

There are a number of indications for hospitalization and treatment in a hospital:

• renal colic on both sides;
• a seizure in a child or pregnant woman;
• having only one kidney;
• lack of effect from home therapy;
• elderly age;
• presence of complications;
• development of colic against the background of pyelonephritis, tumors;
• the appearance of frequent, severe vomiting;
• a sharp increase in body temperature;
• lack of urination.

To relieve an attack, medications are administered in injections, using the above-mentioned antispasmodics, non-narcotic analgesics (a mixture of Novocaine with glucose, Pipolfen, Halidor, Atropine, Diphenhydramine, Diclofenac, Ketonal, Promedol, Platyfillin, Maxigan). You can use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in tablets and suppositories.

The use of painkillers and medications for smooth muscle spasms is continued until the stone passes and the patient’s condition improves. Antibiotics are prescribed if the cause of colic is an inflammatory process, or it occurs against the background of pyelonephritis. If there is no effect of medications and acute urinary retention, ureteral catheterization is performed. Often you have to do emergency surgery (endoscopic or abdominal methods) to remove the stone.

As the attack subsides and the patient’s health returns to normal, the patient is discharged. A further course of therapy must be carried out at home. It may include the following drugs:

1. Means for optimizing blood circulation in the renal vessels - Pentoxifylline, Trental.
2. Uroantiseptics for relieving inflammation - Furomag, Nitroxoline.
3. Medicines to improve the functioning of the entire urinary system and dissolve stones - Olimetin, Urocholum, Litovit, Uro-Vaxom, Canephron, Cyston.

Folk recipes

Any traditional methods of therapy are allowed to be used only with the approval of a doctor. Renal colic can accompany serious diseases of the urinary system, which are dangerous and sometimes lead to death. It is important not to delay treatment in a hospital, relying on folk remedies.

Stories from our readers

“I was able to cure my KIDNEYS with the help of a simple remedy, which I learned about from an article by a UROLOGIST with 24 years of experience, Pushkar D.Yu...”

The following recipes exist:

1. Brew a glass of horsetail herb in 2 liters of boiling water, leave for 2 hours. Strain and pour into a warm bath. Take a bath for 15 minutes.
2. You need to eat watermelons (300-700 g per day), as this product has a diuretic effect and relieves attacks of colic - removes stones from the ureter.
3. For acute pain, take a cabbage leaf and crush it in your hands. Wrap the area of ​​the affected kidney with a warm cloth and leave until the condition improves.
4. Brew a tablespoon of birch buds with 300 ml of boiling water, leave for an hour. Drink 100 ml of infusion three times a day. It is advisable to use this therapy over a course of 7-10 days.

Prevention of pathology

To no longer suffer from painful symptoms, you should follow your doctor's recommendations for the treatment of all kidney diseases. It is necessary to find out the reasons for the appearance of kidney stones and influence them with the help of drugs and diet. In the absence of contraindications, the water regime should be increased. Salt in the diet should not exceed the amount allowed by the doctor. Also, as a preventative measure, you should give up smoking and alcohol, lead an active lifestyle, and avoid hypothermia and the appearance of foci of infection in the body. In this case, the risk of exacerbation of kidney disease will be minimal.

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The appearance of acute pain in the back, in the form of colic, is the presence of urolithiasis in the patient, but this is not the only reason that led to these sensations.

If such a signal appears, it is necessary to undergo examination by specialists such as a gynecologist, gastroenterologist, urologist or neurologist. This must be done in order to exclude diseases that can cause acute back pain. If, after consulting a urologist and ultrasound examination, the presence of sand or stones in the kidneys is revealed, then treatment should be emergency.

Causes of renal colic

• Kidney tuberculosis.
• Tumor in the kidneys or urinary tract.
• Gynecological diseases.
• Sand or kidney stones.
• Inflammatory processes in the urinary tract and kidneys.
• Pyelonephritis.

Obstacles that arise in the path of urine movement can cause blockage and, as a result, intoxication of the body and acute pain in the lower abdomen. Most of the stones that begin to move are pinched at the entrance to the bladder in its narrowest lumen.

With a wandering kidney, which can periodically descend, pain appears. This fact is determined by changing the patient’s body position. The patient is asked to lie down. If it goes away immediately, then it is worth examining this symptom more carefully.

Renal colic occurs three times more often in men than in women. The reason is the specificity of the male constitution. Their anatomy and structure of the urine excretion system has narrow passages. In the process of moving sand or stone, the sensation is accompanied by sharp pain.

Symptoms of renal colic

The appearance of acute pain in the back, which is reflected in the lower abdomen, urinary tract or thighs. It can be cutting. With this disease, there is a frequent urge to urinate with a small amount of urine output.

In some cases, pain occurs, accompanied by relaxation or retention of stool and vomiting. In some cases, the patient mistakes such pain for an obstruction in the intestine. Unpleasant sensations that appear when bending over, walking quickly, or increasing physical activity.

The pain can impulsively move from the back to the genitals. Sometimes colic is protracted and cyclically recurring. If there is sand in the kidneys, urination becomes unbearably painful.

Bloody discharge appears in the urine. They are associated with ruptures of capillaries or small veins. These discharges are not always immediately visible; they are revealed during examination under a microscope.

Blood clots in the urine during urination occur due to oncology or a benign tumor. This phenomenon characterizes the initial stage of disease in the renal pelvis or urinary tract.

A blood clot in the urine can appear from a partially detached tumor in the kidneys or compression of it if it is located in the ureter. The patient cannot lie still during the examination; he rushes about, trying to find a comfortable position in which the pain subsides.

The attack is accompanied by spasms, during which the body tries to get rid of the presence of foreign objects in the path of urine. This process may be accompanied by headache due to increased intracranial pressure.

A violent attack is often accompanied by the release of sand or stones from the urinary tract, accompanied by cutting pain during urination. A sharp attack of pain in men occurs with prostate disease.

• Therapy.
• Diet.

First aid

During an attack, the patient must be given first aid; for this, the following measures are taken:

• Hot water will help relieve pain. The patient should be placed in a bath or a heating pad should be applied to the sore area. Rarely do both sides hurt at once. Therefore, determining the location is not so difficult. Take antispasmodic and painkillers such as Promedol, Noshpu, Atropine, Baralgin or Platifilin (injection).
• If the pain subsides, it is recommended to do a novocaine blockade.
• In the subsequent cycle of care, acupuncture is used
• Physiotherapy prescribed to the patient will help break down the stones into smaller pieces.

It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that in acute forms of pyelonephritis, warming procedures are not used.

Treatment for men with symptoms of renal colic should be directed primarily at their prostate. It is recommended to examine her for the presence of a tumor. The entire urinary system in men has a narrow passage. Therefore, the pain may be felt more acutely than in women.

For subsequent treatment, you must strictly follow the doctor’s prescriptions.

Drug therapy can help the patient. But this process must be carried out under the guidance of a specialist.

Sand or stone, moving along the ducts, injures them, and concomitant inflammation may appear. Therefore, simultaneously with drugs that promote the breakdown of stones, herbal therapy is prescribed. It will facilitate the smooth exit of the foreign body.

Anti-spasm medications such as Spazmalgon are prescribed. They have a composition that provides pain relief. The drug Nise relieves swelling. The vitamin complex Aevit is prescribed. It will prevent inflammation from occurring. The drug Urolesan will help remove salts. Its combined use with Fitolozin paste will facilitate the passage of stones. It is recommended to take this composition with water, a teaspoon of paste and 20 drops of the drug.

Geopathic medications prescribed by specialists do not cause harm to health. They relieve swelling, inflammation and soften the process of moving sand and stone.

Helping women treat symptoms of renal colic can be easier than helping men. The main thing is to diagnose the appearance of sand in time, preventing it from localizing into the stone.

Hospitalization

The following factors may serve as signs of urgent medical care in a hospital:

• The patient has only one kidney.
• Simultaneous acute pain on both sides.
• The patient's age is greater than 60 years.
• The presence of acute accompanying processes.
• Lack of proper care at home.

Nutrition for colic in the kidneys

This is a mandatory condition for treatment in the presence of sand and kidney stones. It is not recommended to provoke the body into acute pain. It is recommended to prepare it with your attending physician, taking into account existing chronic diseases.

Prohibited foods include:

• all types of conservation;
• smoked meats;
• rich bone broths;
• fatty foods;
• oxalic acid (sorrel, spinach and lettuce);
• cocoa, chocolate and strong coffee;
• spicy seasonings.

• beef, chicken and unsalted fish;
• egg;
• vegetables;
• porridge with water;
• mushrooms;
• rosehip decoction;
• fruits;
• weak green tea;
• bakery products.

Video: Relieving an attack of renal colic

Conclusion

Timely diagnosis of the appearance of salt or sand deposits in the kidneys can protect against acute pain due to colic. Proper timely medication and diet will help the patient. In case of acute renal colic, it is necessary to undergo examination by specialists.

Sincerely,