home Audience 3 Respiratory allergens. Clinical manifestations of respiratory allergy in children. Allergy to cow's milk

Respiratory allergens. Clinical manifestations of respiratory allergy in children. Allergy to cow's milk

In recent years, in the pathology of young children, along with an increase in the frequency of allergic diseases in general, there has been an increase in allergic lesions of the respiratory system. These are allergic lesions of the nose, paranasal sinuses (rhinitis, sinusitis), pharynx (nasopharyngitis) and larynx (laryngitis), trachea (tracheitis), bronchi (bronchitis) and lungs. Allergic lesions of the respiratory system are based on immunological mechanisms. Allergens are often house dust, viruses, bacteria, animal dander, plant pollen, medicines and foods. In pathogenesis, immediate-type reactions (reaginic) are of primary importance, occurring with the release of biologically active substances (histamine, serotonin, bradykinin, kallikrein) into the blood, leading to the development of edema of the mucous and submucosal membranes, increased vascular permeability, and contraction of the smooth muscles of organs.

In the first year of life, allergic changes in the nose, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, and bronchi are more common in children. According to our observations, the majority of sick children from an early age had manifestations of allergic diathesis and family history of allergic diseases.

An allergic disease with manifestations of catarrh of the upper respiratory tract lasts from 3 to 7-10 days, then there is a remission lasting from 14 to 28-40 days, and similar phenomena begin again. Antibacterial therapy, especially penicillin and tetracycline, has no effect, and sometimes even increases the manifestations of allergies on the skin and in the upper respiratory tract. It has been noted that the detection of respiratory allergy symptoms is possible at any time of the year, for the most part this is noted during sharp fluctuations in air temperature, changes in barometric pressure, wind speed, and high humidity. Often, these phenomena develop after inhalation of any smelling substances (perfumes, flowers, paints, detergents), the use of certain foods that cause sensitization. In other cases, no obvious causes leading to the manifestation of frequent exacerbations of respiratory allergies have been identified, but it should be noted that in 15% of cases, a single or double illness with a true ARVI with high body temperature, pharyngeal hyperemia, an increase in cervical lymph nodes and, in some cases, the development pneumonia could be the cause of infectious sensitization preceding the development of allergy. Frequent, sometimes endless, runny nose and cough lead to a long stay of children in home “greenhouse” conditions, without walks and hygiene procedures. The consequence of a violation of the normal regimen in such children is increased nervous excitability, poor sleep and appetite, reduced nutrition, and in some cases anemia.

The presence of adenoid growths in children with allergic diathesis contributes to the adsorption of exoallergens of various origins, including dust, chemical, infectious.

Allergic rhinitis in isolation in young children almost never occurs, as a rule, they have a lesion of all parts of the respiratory tract. The disease develops gradually, sneezing, itching in the nose appear, as a result of which the child almost constantly grabs the tip of the nose (“allergic salute”). Nasal breathing is difficult, there are abundant watery discharge from the nose. Then there is a dry obsessive cough. Body temperature is often normal or subfebrile. Involvement of the mucous membrane of the sinuses leads to nasal congestion and difficulty breathing. The child may become restless due to swelling of the auditory tubes and middle ear. General malaise is aggravated by swelling of the pharyngeal mucosa, and some children develop laryngotracheobronchitis. In such cases, pallor of the skin appears, coughing intensifies, but there are no pronounced effects of intoxication. In the pharynx there is a slight hyperemia or slight swelling of the tongue, the back wall of the pharynx is hyperemic, loose, granular. In the lungs, dry and scattered medium and fine bubbling moist rales are often heard, unstable, disappearing quickly, within 1-2 days and even hours.

Eosinophils are determined in the nasal secretion, eosinophilia is observed in the peripheral blood (from 10 to 20%).

The allergic nature of lesions of the upper respiratory tract is still not recognized by medical workers in a timely manner, often a diagnosis of an acute viral respiratory disease is made, and at the same time a burdened family history of allergic diseases, acute obstructive bronchitis and recurrent obstructive bronchitis are the highest risk factors for the development of bronchial asthma in children already. at an early age (see relevant sections).

In table. Clinical and laboratory criteria for the differential diagnosis of acute respiratory viral diseases and respiratory tract lesions of allergic genesis are presented.

Studies of antibodies to viruses in paired sera in respiratory lesions of the respiratory tract of allergic origin at the 6th, 8th week from the onset of the next exacerbation speak against the leading role of the infectious etiology of these conditions.

Treatment. During the period of exacerbation, when manifestations of catarrh are expressed, children with allergies often come to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute respiratory viral infections.

Table Clinical and laboratory criteria for the diagnosis of acute respiratory viral diseases and allergic lesions

Main characteristics	Acute respiratory viral diseases	Allergic respiratory infections
1	2	3
Indications in the anamnesis on the frequency and characteristic onset of the disease	1, 2, 3 times a year, rarely more than 5, acute onset	Up to 10.15, often up to 20. Gradual onset
The nature of the temperature reaction	Increased - up to 38-40 ° C. Fever period 3-5 days	Body temperature is normal, rarely subfebrile
Allergic diathesis	It is expressed unsharply; during illness, not all children	Most children have
Adenoids I-II degree, adenoiditis	Expressed moderately	In the vast majority of cases, the phenomena of adenoiditis
The nature of the lesion of the nasopharynx, trachea, bronchi	Rhinitis, nasopharyngitis, laryngotracheitis, bronchitis	The phenomena of rhinitis, nasopharyngitis prevail
The state of the pharynx in the acute period	Hyperemia of the mucous membrane. Graininess of the posterior wall of the pharynx. Swelling of the tonsils, raids, hemorrhages	Hyperemia is weak. Swelling and cyanosis of the palatine uvula
The nature of nasal discharge	Mucous light to yellow-green	Watery, liquid, sharp swelling of the nasal mucosa
The nature of the cough	Dry, staccato, barking, wet, deep	Intrusive, with a feeling of itching, itching in the throat, superficial
The nature of the breath	Accelerated in influenza, deep, toxic, then superficial. Asthmatic component	No rapid breathing, often asthmatic component
Changes in the lungs	The absence of wheezing, there are also a variety of wheezing, with the addition of pneumonia - persistence, duration of physical phenomena	Whistling, dry rales, against the background of hard breathing, medium bubbling, moist, gurgling, very short-term
X-ray picture	More often small-focal infiltrative changes in early pneumonia	No pronounced changes
Changes in the blood picture	Leukocytosis, neutrophilia, leukopenia, moderately elevated ESR, eosinopenia, anemia	Normal white blood cell count, normal ESR, eosinophilia - 10 to 20%
Condition of the paranasal sinuses	Short-term involvement in the process during acute events	Frequent and prolonged shading of the sinuses
Antibody titers in paired sera	are growing	not defined

In principle, treatment of children in a hospital is not required. The child should be under the supervision of a polyclinic and an allergological office. When establishing a diagnosis, desensitizing therapy is recommended. First of all, it is necessary to create an optimal regime. Children need to be outdoors as much as possible. In the acute period of the onset of a runny nose, laryngotracheitis, a home regimen can be recommended for 3-4 days (no more) followed by walks. The regimen is prescribed taking into account age. It is desirable to dress a child in cotton fabrics, limiting their use from synthetic materials, natural wool. The apartment should be well ventilated, carpets, aquariums, fur things should be removed from the room, communication with pets and birds should be limited.

The child should receive good nutrition with a sufficient content of vitamins. In the presence of food allergies, products to which hypersensitivity is observed are excluded. In all cases, exclude products such as citrus fruits, chocolate, cocoa, egg white, etc.

In the treatment of allergies that have arisen, distractions are used: hot foot baths, cans (the use of mustard plasters is not recommended, since the smell of mustard can increase bronchospasm). Intal can be instilled into the nose (1 ampoule dissolved in 2 ml of distilled water) 2 drops 2 times a day. Intranasal use of indifferent oil solutions, vitamin A 1-2 drops or vitamin D in each nostril. Some authors observed a good effect from the introduction of hydrocortisone into the mucous membrane of the anterior end of the inferior turbinate at a dosage of 0.2 to 1 ml for 10 days.

Possible combined methods of treatment in polyclinics with the appointment of intranasal electrophoresis diphenhydramine, novocaine. To reduce sensitization, tavegil is used (from 1/4 to 1/2 tablets - 2-3 times a day orally for 7-10 days), as well as diazolin, from 1/4 to 1 tablet, claritin. Undoubtedly, examination and specific desensitization in allergy rooms are of great importance.

A good effect is observed from the spa treatment of children with allergic lesions of the respiratory tract. At the same time, natural local climatic factors are used.

Particularly good results of such treatment are noted in the summer, when the number of exacerbations of nasopharyngotracheitis is significantly reduced, and vasomotor rhinitis disappears. More than half of the children in the sanatorium completely disappear the phenomena of allergic inflammation.

In the conditions of the sanatorium, a number of influences have a beneficial effect on the child's body: a regimen, a rationally balanced diet, exercise therapy, air and sunbathing, wiping, dousing the body, bathing, air saturated with phytoncides and negative ions.

A smaller therapeutic effect of sanatorium treatment is observed in the autumn-winter period. Cloudy, damp weather, wind in some cases negatively affect such conditions, especially during the period of adaptation to sanatorium-resort conditions.

However, the early use of systematic procedures, careful hardening and accustoming to cold stimuli significantly reduce allergic exacerbations in 2 months in a sanatorium.

Hardening of the body is of great importance in the treatment and prevention of respiratory diseases of an allergic nature of the respiratory tract. Hardening begins first of all with washing the face and hands of the child, first with warm water, then with room temperature water, with a gradual transition to washing with tap water (temperature from +16 to +12 ° C). At the same time, the response to the action of a cold stimulus on the back and wings of the nose, the mucous membrane of the lower turbinates is monitored. At the same time, the child is taught to rinse the mouth with water with a gradual decrease in the temperature of the latter (gargle with cool and cold water for a short time). Washing the neck, chest, lower limbs with gradual rubbing with a dry terry towel is important. All gradual hardening procedures continue for 2-3 weeks. It is considered ideal if you manage to accustom the child to cool and cold showers.

Prevention of respiratory allergies is of great importance in early childhood.

The medical staff at the first meeting with a pregnant woman needs to collect an allergic history and find out; whether there is a family burden of allergic diseases. With a hereditary predisposition to allergies, antenatal prophylaxis is carried out by organizing a rational diet for a pregnant woman with the exception of obligate food allergens, unilateral and excessive nutrition, and taking medications that can contribute to the occurrence of allergic reactions.

The child needs to be breastfed with the timely and gradual introduction of complementary foods, with the exception of citrus fruits, fish, strawberries, etc.

Of great importance are the exclusion of clothes made of synthetic fabrics, the use of clothes made of cotton fabric.

Bearing in mind that one of the common causes of respiratory allergies is sensitization to household dust, it is necessary to orient parents to carry out daily wet cleaning in the premises, removing carpets, books, upholstered furniture, down products, etc. from the room in which the child is located.

Children should be protected from early contact with pets.

In the treatment of intercurrent diseases, drugs with high allergenic properties (penicillin, biologics) should be avoided.

Preventive vaccinations should be strictly individual. Vaccinations should be carried out in a sparing method with the appointment of desensitizing therapy 7–10 days before vaccination, continuing after vaccination.

Hardening of the body, strict adherence to the age regimen of the day are of great importance. The child should be protected from acute viral respiratory infections.

Important in the prevention of respiratory allergies is the cleanliness of the air basin.

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Reasons for the development of pathology

The problem arises against the background of a genetic predisposition. Allergic diseases (respiratory form) are more common in children aged 2 to 4 years and young adults. The longer the contact with the stimulus lasts, the brighter the strength of the negative response. Respiratory allergy code according to the ICD - 10 - J40 - J47, section "Chronic diseases of the lower respiratory tract".

Origin of diseases:

non-infectious;
infectious.

Against the background of the action of irritants, physicians detect damage to various parts of the respiratory tract:

trachea;
bronchi;
larynx;
nasopharynx;
negative signs cover the entire respiratory tract.

How to treat urticaria in adults with folk remedies? Check out our collection of effective recipes.

A list of antihistamines for children with skin allergies can be seen in this article.

Types of irritants:

infectious form. Pathogenic bacteria, viruses, fungi;
non-infectious form. Food allergens, house dust, cat and dog hair, parrot feathers, poplar fluff, alder pollen, ragweed, quinoa, birch. Often, respiratory damage occurs when particles of powder and aerosols (household chemicals) are inhaled, after contact with cosmetic formulations.

Characteristic signs and symptoms

Each disease has characteristic signs, but there are negative manifestations that all adults and parents should pay attention to. The reaction to the stimulus is individual: depending on the state of the immune system, the absence or detection of a hereditary predisposition, the symptoms are pronounced or weaker.

The main manifestations of the respiratory form of allergies:

burning in the throat;
dry cough;
nasal congestion, secretion of clear, liquid mucus;
pain when swallowing;
feeling of swelling in the throat;
dryness, itching of the eyelids;
accumulation of mucus in the airways;
sneezing
pain in the chest;
tongue inflammation;
feeling of a lump in the throat;
malaise, headache.
redness of the conjunctiva.

Forms of respiratory allergosis

The classification is based on the area of localization of negative symptoms:

allergic pharyngitis. Swelling of the tongue, oral mucosa and nasopharynx, "lump" in the throat;
allergic rhinitis. The nasal passages are affected, sneezing, lacrimation, itching in the nose develops, the head hurts, general weakness is observed;
allergic laryngitis. The larynx swells, the patient is tormented by a barking cough, his voice is hoarse;
obstructive allergic bronchitis. Negative signs occur in the lower respiratory tract. Sometimes the symptoms resemble the course of bronchial asthma in a mild form;
allergic tracheitis. The main symptom is noticeable hoarseness, dry cough (attacks worsen at night), chest pain. It is characterized by a protracted course, alternating relapses and periods of remission.

The main difference is the nature of the negative symptoms:

with respiratory infections, the patient's condition worsens gradually, new signs are added, tearing of the eyes increases, allergic cough, temperature rises;
in allergic forms of respiratory tract damage, all signs appear almost simultaneously, the thermometer is in the range of 36.5-36.7 degrees, appetite is normal, the condition is quite satisfactory.

General rules and methods of treatment

The main point is to visit a therapist, if necessary - an allergist, take tests, clarify what type of irritant is dangerous for a particular patient. After the diagnosis, it is important to carry out elimination - the exclusion of contact with the allergen.

Therapy consists of several areas:

local preparations. With nasal congestion, drops with a vasoconstrictive effect help: Tizin Allergy, Otrivin. The drug Ketotifen is an effective antiallergic agent for redness of the conjunctiva, itching, swelling of the eyelids. Eye drops based on ketotifen fumarate quickly stop negative symptoms and alleviate the patient's condition. Herbal gargles with a decoction of chamomile, calendula, eucalyptus tincture are useful (if the component is tolerated);
systemic antihistamines. With the allergic nature of negative signs in the respiratory tract, doctors prescribe tablets (for adult patients), syrups and drops (for children). Antiallergic drugs suppress the release of histamine, prevent negative reactions, block histamine peripheral H1 receptors. Mild and moderate forms of diseases: Cetirizine, Telfast, Loratadin, Erius, Zirtek and others, as prescribed by a doctor. Acute form: Suprastin, Diphenhydramine, Diazolin, Tavegil;
sorbents for allergies. The classic remedy - activated carbon and new drugs - Enterosgel, Multisorb, Polysorb MP, Laktofiltrum, Enterumin, Smecta, Sorbeks, White coal remove toxins and antigens, cleanse the intestines. The use of sorbing agents increases the effectiveness of the treatment of any diseases associated with the action of allergens in case of hypersensitivity of the body;
prebiotics. Many allergists recommend the inclusion of drugs based on beneficial lactobacilli to normalize the intestinal microflora. Reduced local immunity is one of the reasons for the development of an allergic reaction. Laktovit, Dufalac, Lactacid, Lactusan.

Learn about the signs of cat allergy in adult patients, as well as treatment for the condition.

About the characteristic symptoms and treatment of allergic eye blepharitis is written at this address.

Other methods of therapy also give a positive result:

allergiinet.com

Causes of non-infectious allergies

Among the factors that influence the occurrence of allergies, heredity is far from the last place. If one or both parents are prone to allergies, then it is likely that the child will also be hypersensitive to a number of irritants. An important role in the formation of such sensitivity, and, as a result, an allergic reaction, is played by malnutrition: prolonged artificial feeding of a child, passion for foods with a high content of artificial preservatives. In addition, inhalation of polluted air while living in close proximity to industrial facilities or busy highways, long-term medication, frequent respiratory diseases have a negative impact and contribute to the occurrence of allergies.

Respiratory allergies are very common in children. If for the smallest of them the most common allergens are foods: cow's milk, oranges, berries, chocolate, then in schoolchildren there is an increased sensitivity to household irritants such as dust, animal hair, tobacco smoke, and plant pollen.

Respiratory allergies often occur under the influence of house dust. It is inhabited by microscopic mites, mold fungi, wool, fluff and feathers of animals, particles of the epidermis, book dust, various chemicals: cleaning products and washing powders, cosmetics. Allergic reactions to various medications are not uncommon: vitamins, antibiotics, antiseptics, aspirin, novocaine.

Infectious causes of allergies

In addition to non-infectious sources of allergies, there are also infectious ones, which are various microorganisms: bacteria, viruses, fungi. Foci of chronic infections in the body may well serve as sources of its increased sensitivity and the subsequent development of allergies. In general, susceptibility to several substances, and not to one, often arises, and this series tends to expand during life.

Types of respiratory allergies

Allergic rhinitis is perhaps the most common respiratory allergy, the symptoms of which include nasal congestion, itching, sneezing, watery secretion and tearing against the background of swelling of the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity. Often, allergic rhinitis is seasonal, but it can also be year-round, occurring both independently and in combination with sinusitis and otitis media.

Allergic pharyngitis is characterized by swelling of the mucous membrane of the pharynx. There may be pain when swallowing, a feeling of a foreign object in the throat, dry cough, hoarseness. Along with pharyngitis, allergic tonsillitis and laryngitis are often observed.

Respiratory allergies include such a pathology as allergic tracheitis. It involves attacks of obsessive, painful, dry cough, as in whooping cough, mostly at night. There may be fever and even vomiting.

Allergic bronchitis is a protracted disease characterized by frequent relapses. The general condition of a person can be painful at the same time, the temperature is elevated. The nature of the cough with the course of the disease changes from dry to wet, wheezing is clearly audible in the bronchi on inspiration, but there are no asthma attacks. In the case of allergic obstructive bronchitis, breathing is difficult because there is a narrowing of the bronchi.

Continues the list of diseases such as respiratory allergies, allergic pneumonia. This is the most severe form of damage to the respiratory system, which basically has an allergic reaction due to the hypersensitivity of the body to a particular irritant. With this disease, cough, shortness of breath, chills, and general weakness are observed. The form of allergic pneumonia can be both acute and chronic. With inadequate or untimely treatment of this disease, the prognosis can be very unfavorable.

Diagnosis of respiratory allergies

Correct recognition of the allergic cause of respiratory diseases is possible only with a complete analysis of all data. As a rule, the course of such diseases is protracted, with constant relapses. The allergic nature of such pathologies is indicated by certain changes in the composition of the blood, the results of special samples and tests.

Therapy for respiratory allergies

The treatment of respiratory allergies is primarily limited to limiting contact with the allergen, and this requires its correct definition. If it is difficult to understand on your own what exactly caused the pathological process, you can not do without consulting an allergist who will conduct the necessary tests.

Drug treatment is carried out with the use of antihistamines in combination with enterosorbents and prebiotics. If necessary, symptomatic therapy is carried out, which is reduced to the use of drugs that lower the temperature and painkillers. Physiotherapy gives good results: baths and inhalations, as well as treatment by staying in the microclimate of salt caves.

The same approach applies if it is necessary to prevent respiratory allergies in children. Treatment consists, first of all, in preventing contact between the child and the irritant, whether it be some kind of product, dust, tobacco smoke, chemical or medication, following a hypoallergenic diet, and taking vitamin therapy.

Prevention of allergies

The best prevention of the onset of allergies is to strengthen immunity by all measures, physical education and breathing exercises. If there is a danger of hereditary hypersensitivity to various irritants, the expectant mother should follow a diet during pregnancy, and after the birth of the baby, do not transfer him to artificial feeding for as long as possible.

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What is a respiratory allergy?

Respiratory allergy is an allergic disease of the upper respiratory tract, in particular the bronchi, nasopharynx, nose, and trachea. Respiratory allergies can be caused by infectious (bacteria, viruses, fungi) or non-infectious allergens.

Non-infectious allergens, in turn, are divided into:

Household, playing a major role in the excitation of respiratory allergies. House dust has a complex composition, and if the patient is hypersensitive to all components, or at least to its individual part, then respiratory allerosis is inevitable. Basically, house dust consists of secrets and excretions of house dust mites, cockroaches. Ticks can be found in toys, carpets and even bedding.

Pollen, we are talking about the pollen of various plants and flowers, poplar fluff and, no matter how strange it may sound, mold spores. Their spores are smaller than pollen and are easily dispersed, especially in places with high humidity.

Food, less aggressive allergens, however, eating fruits, chocolate, or some other product can cause allergic rhinitis, laryngitis, and even bronchial asthma.

Medicinal, various antibiotics, antiseptics and even aspirin are active allergens.

Chemical, this applies to chemicals and preservatives, detergents and various components of cosmetics.

Symptoms of Respiratory Allergosis

The main symptoms are abundant liquid discharge from the nose, burning in the nose, sneezing, swelling of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx and eyelids, headaches, slight fever, drowsiness, general malaise and irritability against this background.

Treatment of respiratory allergies

Treatment primarily involves removing or limiting the body's exposure to the allergen that causes the allergic reaction. The next stage of treatment is pharmacological. The patient needs to take drugs prescribed by an allergist-immunologist. Without consulting this doctor, self-medication is fraught with serious consequences for the body. In some cases, speleotherapy is prescribed.

This method of treatment involves staying in the microclimate of a cave or salt mine, because. any allergic reaction is a consequence of a polluted environment, staying in a clean environment has a positive effect.

It is very important to accurately determine the cause of respiratory allergies. After all, it is not always possible to permanently remove an irritating allergen, for example, house dust, no matter how much you wipe it, it reappears on furniture. In this case, the allergen is injected under the skin of the patient with a gradual increase in the dose.

Respiratory allergies in children

The predisposition to allergic diseases is transmitted at the genetic level, i.e. by inheritance. If the parents of the child are allergic, this fact increases the likelihood of the child getting respiratory allergies.

The most susceptible to respiratory allergosis are children aged 2-4 years. It is at this age that when switching from breastfeeding to new foods, babies encounter an immune response to aggressive allergens.

Most often in children, the following forms of respiratory allergies are observed:

allergic laryngitis, accompanied by swelling of the larynx, "barking" cough, hoarseness of voice;
allergic tracheitis, accompanied by bouts of coughing, redness of the face, vomiting;
allergic bronchitis, accompanied by paroxysmal cough with frequent relapses.
allergic pneumonia, accompanied by a pathological change in the lungs, an x-ray reveals local edema of the lung tissues;
allergic rhinitis, accompanied by shortness of breath, nasal congestion, itching in the nose, sneezing, headache, malaise, conjunctivitis. This form of allergy has a seasonal or year-round character.

Seasonal rhinitis is associated with allergies caused by pollen from flowers and trees.

Respiratory allergies have received wide coverage in a new book by Dr. Evgeny Komarovsky called "ARI: a guide for sane parents." This book is a guide that comprehensively reveals the problem of acute respiratory diseases in children. The author set himself the task of uniting parents and a pediatrician in the struggle for the health of the child, so that their efforts would be joint and effective.

Komarovsky does not change his style and comprehensively describes the issue in a simple and intelligible language. Many parents will find answers to their questions regarding childhood acute respiratory diseases. Now you can easily learn how to get rid of snot and ways to get sick less often.

Treatment of respiratory allergies in children

In the treatment of respiratory allergies in children, the main thing is to nullify contact with the causative allergen and the sooner the better. Immediately followed by a tangible relief of the condition of the child. Unfortunately, these measures alone are unlikely to succeed. Medical treatment will also be required.

In the treatment of allergic diseases of the upper respiratory tract, children are prescribed antihistamines of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd generations, these are drugs such as suprastin, diazolin, claritin, gistalong, telfast, etc. and etc.

If it is impossible to avoid contact with the allergen, children also practice the introduction of allergen injections under the skin.

When a child has high sensitivity, start with a minimum amount. Only in the absence of symptoms and the normal state of health of the child, the procedure continues with an increase in the amount of the injected allergen. Sometimes this treatment lasts for several years. Strictly adhering to the doctor's prescriptions, the disease will certainly recede.

Another method of treatment is therapeutic exercises, it helps the body to resist, trains breathing. It should be noted that patients with respiratory allergosis should be registered with the local doctor and allergist.

Alternative methods of treatment of respiratory allergies

Despite the level of development of medicine, many people trust only folk methods of treating various diseases. Respiratory allergies are no exception. Traditional medicine has in store several recipes for this disease:

Three-part sequence:

With allergies caused by household allergens, it is recommended to take an infusion of a tripartite sequence. Five grams of dried grass are infused in one glass of boiling water during the day. Next, you need to strain the infusion and take a glass twice a day. The exact duration of treatment with tincture has not been determined, it is desirable to take the tincture during the year.

Herbal Blend:

For allergies caused by dust, it is recommended to drink a tincture of horsetail grass, centaury, St. John's wort, as well as dandelion roots and wild rose in equal proportions. All this is filled with water and put on fire. When the mixture boils, it should be infused. Reception is recommended for three months, three times a day.

Dandelion:

In case of an allergic reaction to the flowering of ragweed and poplar, dandelion is recommended. During the flowering of the dandelion, it is necessary to collect its leaves, wash and chop. Then put in gauze and squeeze out the juice for its subsequent dilution with water in a ratio of one to one and boil. Decoction take three tablespoons before meals twice a day.

Cedar oil and nuts:

It should be noted that all of these recipes strengthen the immune system and improve the body's ability to withstand external irritants and allergens.

pro-allergy.ru

food

A food allergy is an intolerance to a particular food. It is food allergy in children that provokes the formation and development of other concomitant allergic diseases in a child. The most common allergens are: citrus fruits, strawberries, honey, milk, eggs, cereals and many others.

By identifying the product that causes the sensitivity of the body, parents will be able to correctly compose the baby's diet.

Per mixture

Allergic reaction to mixture happens when a baby does not accept a foreign milk protein. Especially often, an allergy to the mixture manifests itself in children under one year old due to the incomplete formation of the digestive tract. The initial symptomatology of allergy to the mixture is observed from the age of 2 months of the baby.

If the mixture is not suitable for the child, you will immediately notice the formation of papules on the skin. In this case, the baby's cheeks will be red, shiny, and some areas of the skin will be covered with a crust.

The main signs of an allergy to the mixture:

The appearance of rashes, itching, dermatitis on the skin;
Intestinal colic, regurgitation (sometimes vomiting), constipation or loose stools;
Violation of the functions of the respiratory system: difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, rhinitis.

For lactose

Allergy to lactose is the most common type of allergic manifestations in infants. Lactose intolerance can be detected within half an hour after breastfeeding. Symptoms of a reaction to lactose are similar to food poisoning.

If you are allergic to lactose, you will notice that the baby has become restless, refuses to breastfeed. Further, the child develops gas formation, liquid foamy stools. It is characteristic that children at the same time raise their legs to their stomach and cry.

The main signs of lactose intolerance are:

Severe rash on the skin (especially in the neck, buttocks and abdomen), accompanied by itching;
Hives;
Diathesis;
sneezing;
allergic rhinitis;
Headache;
Bronchial spasms.

For dessert

An allergy to sweets torments children who eat foods rich in sucrose. The reason for the reaction to sweet can be any delicacy: cake, candy, cookies, and other confectionery.

Often, after the children eat sweets, mothers say: "diathesis has come out again." This symptom becomes pronounced if the child ate a large amount of treats.

Signs that allow you to recognize an allergy to sweets:

Itchy spots on the hands;
Eruption on chin, neck and collarbones, accompanied by severe itching. If a child scratches itchy areas of the skin, they become covered with a crust;
The appearance of dry flaky areas on the skin of the legs;
With severe intolerance to sweets, the baby's condition worsens with severe edema (sometimes - Quincke's edema).

For milk

An allergy to milk is detected during the first year of a child's life and often disappears by 3-5 years. The signs of a milk allergy can be of various kinds (skin rashes, indigestion), but in most cases reaction to milk is characterized by complex manifestations.

The first symptoms of intolerance can be noticed only a couple of weeks after milk has been added to the child's diet.

The most common symptoms of an allergic reaction to milk are:

Urticaria, atopic dermatitis, swelling, peeling on the skin;
There is a disorder of the gastrointestinal tract in the form of regurgitation, intestinal colic, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation;
The occurrence of rhinitis, cough and difficulty breathing.

On eggs

Egg allergy first appears in infants or in early childhood. Egg intolerance is observed not only as a reaction to egg white or yolk, but also as response of the immune system to the consumption of foods containing eggs(pasta and confectionery, mayonnaise and sauces).

Often, the symptoms of an egg allergy can be detected immediately after the baby has eaten them.

The following signs will help identify a negative reaction to eggs:

Eczema, urticaria, rashes and itching on the skin;
Nausea, vomiting, loose stools;
Runny nose and nasal congestion;
Dizziness;
Bronchial asthma, which flows into Quincke's edema.

On honey

Allergy to honey manifests itself in each child individually. Here, the sensitivity of the body to the product matters, and important - what kind of honey was used.

We recommend reading: Is there an allergy to honey in children?

Symptoms of an allergic reaction to honey are already noticeable within half an hour after ingestion. In some children, the reaction to honey is a common runny nose, which ends quickly, while in others, all possible signs are observed.

The worst case scenario for a honey allergy is anaphylactic shock, characterized by low blood pressure, profuse sweating, constant thirst, panic, and difficulty breathing.

Intolerance to honey is determined by the following symptoms:

Rashes, itchy redness on the skin;
Conjunctivitis, expressed by tearing and redness of the eyes;
Runny nose;
Respiratory disorders in the form of bronchospasm, exacerbation of bronchial asthma;
Headaches, hearing loss, fever are possible.

For gluten

Gluten - is a dangerous protein found in a number of cereals(barley, wheat, oats, etc.). There is a complete intolerance to gluten and a partial allergy, which over time does not cause a negative reaction in the child after eating gluten-containing foods.

All children react differently to gluten, with some showing symptoms quickly, others within days or weeks of consumption.

Symptoms of gluten allergy include:

The appearance of a rash and irritated skin;
Diarrhea;
There is a strong gas separation;
The calm behavior of the child changes dramatically to capriciousness, irritability and tearfulness;
Lack of appetite;
Insomnia.

Food allergy in children to gluten can provoke a deterioration in the child's condition (with abdominal pain, lack of weight gain, swelling and lag in physical development) may indicate a complete intolerance to gluten.

Medical

Incompatibility of the body happens to any type of medication, regardless of the form of release and indications. Most often, an allergic reaction occurs to antibiotics.(especially penicillin), anti-inflammatory and pain medications, as well as vitamin complexes. There are no specific symptoms that occur after taking a certain form of medicine, they all manifest themselves in a similar way.

The worst case scenario for the body's incompatibility with medications occurs after drug injections or inhalations. In this case, the child begins diarrhea, vomiting, nausea and fainting.

Common signs of drug allergy:

The defeat of the skin in the form of rashes of a different nature: spotted, papular, urticarial, vesicular, bullous, etc.;
Itching, burning and pain in the affected areas of the skin;
Tearing and redness of the eyes;
Puffiness (most often lips, tongue and face swell), with an acute course of a reaction to drugs - Quincke's edema;
Hoarseness, nasal discharge and congestion, cough, shortness of breath;
Pain in the joints.

Often parents confuse the signs of an allergy to drugs and side effects. For example, the baby took antibiotics, after which nausea and chills arose. If this is not an allergic reaction to antibiotics, the symptoms will disappear after a while.

Intolerance to antibiotics in its manifestations is similar to the symptoms of lupus erythematosus:

Dermatological diseases;
Increased body temperature;
Kidney inflammation;
Pain in one or more joints.

Respiratory

Respiratory allergies in children occurs due to intolerance to the pollen of certain plants. Many plants can cause pollen intolerance. The most dangerous for allergy sufferers is the peak of ragweed flowering, which causes the greatest sensitization.

For ambrosia

Intolerance to ragweed is caused by its pollen during the flowering period of the plant, which is difficult for an immature child's body to cope with. Symptoms of an allergy to ragweed are sometimes mistaken by parents for a cold., as a result, inadequate treatment leads to a worsening of the situation.

A toddler who is worried about an allergy to ragweed pollen becomes whiny and irritable. In some cases, the disease is accompanied by stenosis of the larynx and asthma.

It is important to know the specific manifestations of the reaction to ragweed:

Swelling of the lips and congestion in the ears;
Loss of smell and loss of taste;
Decreased concentration;
Insomnia;
Increased body temperature.

For mold

Features of the manifestation of an allergy to mold depend on how the allergen entered the child's body. Mold allergy occurs when a child inhales air that contains an irritant or when eating foods that have been affected by the fungus. In the first case, the reaction to mold can provoke the appearance of diseases such as chronic allergic rhinitis or bronchial asthma.

When using products containing mold, skin lesions become pronounced in the form of a rash, urticaria, itching, swelling of the skin.

Respiratory manifestations of mold allergy:

To the dust

Dust is considered a powerful allergen, as it surrounds us everywhere. Even your baby's favorite soft toys that have not been properly heat treated can cause a negative reaction to dust. Very often, mothers do not understand why their children feel unwell when the house is not cleaned for a long time.

The condition of the child instantly improves in the fresh air, as the immune system produces antigens for house dust.

Intolerance to dust is determined by the following manifestations:

Mucus discharge from the nose and continuous sneezing
Lacrimation and dizziness
Redness of the eye membranes and eyelids, burning and itching in the eyes
An agonizing dry cough, shortness of breath and a feeling of shortness of breath.
Breath becomes wheezing.

For powder

Allergy to powder brings a lot of trouble when it appears in babies up to a year old, since the skin of babies is very delicate and vulnerable.
Intolerance to washing powder is indicated by the appearance of spots and itching on the child's skin after contact with the allergen.

Remember that the manifestation of small-point rashes will be most persistent in the place where there was contact with the thing washed with powder.

When washing powder is inhaled, respiratory disorders are observed:
Dryness of the mucous membrane of the throat, which causes coughing;
sneezing;
Swelling of the airways.

With complete intolerance to washing powder on children's skin, you will notice severe swelling, blistering and weeping eczema. All these symptoms will leave the child suffering, accompanied by weeping, restlessness and moodiness.

In the sun

All children love to bask in the sun, but some suffer from exposure to the sun. Parents need to sound the alarm if the baby has burns, which may indicate a dermatological disease (allergy to the sun).

Signs of intolerance to the sun are noticeable after a couple of hours or even within a few days after exposure to the skin of ultraviolet rays.

Symptoms of a skin reaction after exposure to the sun:

Excruciating itching and burning;
small blisters;
Puffiness.

For children who are allergic to the sun, characterized by a sharp increase in body temperature, weakness, as the body's response to the influence of sunlight.

On animals

Animal allergies are a common problem. Parents get pets, hoping that their children will take care of animals, thereby growing a sense of responsibility in themselves. First of all, it is necessary to check the reaction of children to the appearance of cats or dogs in the house in order to avoid the development of allergies.

On parrots

Allergy to parrots the reaction of the immune system to proteins that are found in feathers or bird excrement. The reaction to parrots is slow, so it is difficult to immediately notice the symptoms. After inhalation of the allergen, the conjunctiva of the eyes and the nasal mucosa are damaged, the functioning of the organs of the respiratory system is disrupted.

How to distinguish an allergic cough from a cold Diathesis in adults on the face

Respiration is a very important process for the body as a whole, since disturbances in its work impair heat transfer and lead to a decrease in protective and immune functions. Respiratory allergies are one of the most common diseases of the respiratory system.

The first manifestations of respiratory allergies most often occur in childhood. However, such an allergy can be detected for the first time in an adult, for example, as a consequence of one of the past diseases of the respiratory system.

Due to the similarity of symptoms, the respiratory immune response is often mistaken for other inflammatory diseases: rhinitis, bronchitis, etc.

Respiratory allergies and their causes

The disease occurs when an allergen enters the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. Allergens that cause a respiratory immune response are microscopic in size. They are in the air, getting into the body when you inhale. Therefore, they are called aeroallergens.

Even in small amounts, they can cause a response in a person prone to hypersensitivity.

Aeroallergens can easily enter the body both at home and in public places, while walking, on vacation outside the city. Examples of aeroallergens are:

Depending on the cause of occurrence, the following types of respiratory allergic reactions are distinguished:

household;
infectious;
seasonal;
chemical.

The disease is exacerbated in the spring-summer period, because. it is during these seasons that a large amount of pollen and odors are in the air.

Common diseases of the respiratory allergic type are:

conjunctivitis;
rhinitis;
laryngitis;
bronchitis;
alveolitis, etc.

Symptoms

A feature of respiratory allergies is the transience of the development of the disease after the allergen enters the body (from several minutes to a couple of hours). Manifestations of such an immune reaction are similar to a cold.

But unlike acute respiratory infections and acute respiratory viral infections, the patient's general condition is normal, there is no headache, fever is not observed, appetite and activity do not worsen.

Respiratory allergies include the following symptoms:

sneezing
cough;
nasal congestion;
irritation of the mucous membranes of the nose and throat;
redness, burning and tearing of the eyes;
wheezing in the lungs;
swelling of the throat and eyelids.

As a rule, the patient has 1-2 of the listed symptoms. Based on these signs, it is possible to draw a conclusion about the nature of the allergic disease.

allergic conjunctivitis

Allergic conjunctivitis is an allergic inflammation of the outer layer of the eye. The causes of allergic conjunctivitis are often dust mites that live in feather pillows, mattresses, etc.

The presence of an aquarium in the house can also cause the disease, because. the chitinous cover of daphnia crustaceans, which are used as food for fish, is very strong allergen. Mold spores, animal hair and dander, feathers, bird droppings, pollen, and plant particles can also cause allergic-type conjunctivitis.

Symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis include:

hyperemia, redness of the eyes;
increased lacrimation;
swelling of the eyelids;
burning and itching of the eyes.

About 15% of the population suffer from this disease. Allergic conjunctivitis occurs as a concomitant reaction in many systemic immunological disorders. The disease often occurs with allergic bronchitis and rhinitis, atopic dermatitis.

allergic rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis is an inflammation of the nasal mucosa of the allergic type.

The disease is seasonal and is caused by pollen. This seasonal allergic rhinitis is called hay fever. Often hay fever is accompanied by allergic conjunctivitis.

The disease is characterized by the following symptoms:

runny nose;
nasal congestion;
sneezing
increased lacrimation;
swelling of the eyelids.

Allergic laryngitis

Inflammation of the larynx of an allergic type is called allergic laryngitis.

Polluted, gassed air in industrial areas, chemical emissions from factories, exhaust gases can cause the development of the disease.

The characteristic symptoms are:

The most common comorbidities are allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma.

asthmatic bronchitis

Allergic bronchitis (asthmatic) - inflammation of the bronchial mucosa of an allergic type. Allergens that we encounter in everyday life (dust, wool, animal dander, pollen or spores) can provoke the development of the disease.

Asthmatic bronchitis can occur after contact with viral and bacterial allergens (staphylococcus aureus). Often such bronchitis occurs against the background of SARS.

With the disease, the following symptoms appear:

cough;
wheezing in the lungs;
bouts of suffocation.

In 10-15% of cases, advanced asthmatic bronchitis develops into bronchial asthma.

Allergic alveolitis

An inflammatory process of an allergic type that occurs in the alveoli of the lungs is called allergic alveolitis. A common cause of occurrence is the presence of bird protein contained in the litter.

There are also vegetable (sawdust, pollen) and animal allergens (woolen dust).

The disease is characterized by the following symptoms:

cough;
dyspnea;
sputum.

Treatment and prevention of respiratory allergies

The first thing to do is to avoid contact with the allergen. In the treatment, antihistamines are used, which contribute to the rapid removal of antigens from the body and the restoration of the immune system. In addition to them, local treatment of the respiratory tract mucosa is used. Antihistamines include:

antiallergic drugs 1-3 generations;
corticosteroid drugs;
preparations for local treatment: sprays, drops, ointments.

The drug is selected individually, based on factors such as the severity of the disease, the age of the patient. Allergy treatment necessarily includes strengthening the body's immunity.

In order to reduce the risk of allergies, it is enough to reduce the number of potential allergens and follow simple rules:

regularly vacuum, carry out wet cleaning in the room;
remove possible sources of dust mites: remove carpets, replace feather pillows with pillows with synthetic filling;
do not keep pets and indoor plants;
do not use clothes and shoes containing animal hair and fur;
Do not smoke;
do not use aromatic substances, perfumes and air fresheners;
avoid excessive humidity in the room;
ventilate the room;
do not go out into nature during the flowering season of plants;
install an air conditioner or air filter in the room;
wear goggles outdoors.

Respiratory allergy is a disease that is caused by various substances and is characterized by inflammation of the mucous membrane of the respiratory system. Allergic diseases are a big problem in modern society. Approximately 15-27% of the population suffers from this pathology. The share of the defeat of the respiratory system accounts for a third of all diseases. For the most part, they are not severe, but they bring significant inconvenience in social life, study, professional activities and financial costs.

Allergic pathology of the respiratory system includes allergic rhinitis, hay fever and bronchial asthma. Often these diseases are combined, which served as their association under the name - respiratory allergy.

Causes

The causes of respiratory allergies are various substances. They can be divided into several groups:

Household irritants - mites in house dust, dander and saliva of animals, insects, house plants, feathers and fluff in pillows.
Natural allergens - plant pollen, mold fungi.
Substances that pollute the environment - tobacco smoke, car exhaust gases, nitrogen and sulfur oxides.
Professional pollutants - latex, chemicals used in production.
Medications - non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aspirin.

Respiratory Allergy Symptoms

Respiratory allergies downstream happens seasonal and year-round. Seasonal is characterized by periods of exacerbations and remissions. Exacerbations have a clear beginning and end. Most often this is the spring-summer period - the flowering period. This form is characterized by a cross-allergic reaction to plant products - nuts, honey, seeds, halva.

Year-round is characterized by a more constant course and is more often associated with domestic allergens. Minor remissions are noted when staying outside the home. Some seasonality is also characteristic during the breeding season of mites in house dust.

A typical manifestation of a respiratory allergy is:

Itching of the nose, palate.
Sneezing.
Mucus discharge from the nose.
Swelling of the nasal cavity.
Cough.

With a long course, there is difficulty in nasal breathing, a violation of smell. Often associated with symptoms of eye damage - lacrimation, redness of the conjunctiva, itching.

In the chronic course of the disease, the general condition of the body suffers, internal organs are affected. Systemic manifestations include:

Irritability.
Fatigue, lethargy.
Headaches.
Lack of appetite.
Weight loss, depression.
Increase in body temperature up to 37.5 C.
Shortness of breath, suffocation.
Damage to the joints, kidneys, heart.

Diagnostics

To identify respiratory allergies, a systematic approach is needed using laboratory and instrumental research methods. It is necessary to consult an allergist who will help determine the cause of the disease.

For an accurate diagnosis, you may need to consult an ENT doctor, an ophthalmologist, a pulmonologist. To determine the specific cause of the disease, skin tests are performed. Inflammatory changes in the nasal mucosa are confirmed by taking swabs and swabs from the nasopharynx.

To exclude other pathologies, it may be necessary to conduct x-ray studies - x-ray of the sinuses, computed and magnetic resonance imaging. Allergic inflammation can also be detected in a detailed blood test - there is an increase in ESR, an increase in the number of eosinophils.

Treatment

Several groups of drugs are used to treat allergic reactions. The leading position is occupied antihistamine drugs. This is a long-known and used group that relieves the symptoms of the disease well. All drugs can be divided into 3 generations. Representatives of the first generation (diazolin, suprastin, fencarol, tavegil) begin to act immediately after taking the pill. They are used in injectable form for the relief of emergency conditions.

But these drugs have a side effect - drowsiness, decreased concentration. This feature must be taken into account by drivers and people working in dangerous conditions. To these drugs addiction develops quite quickly, so a change of the drug is necessary every 7-10 days.

Second-generation drugs (loratadine, tsitserizin) do not affect the central nervous system, but have cardiotoxic effect. They should not be used by people with diseases of the cardiovascular system. The pluses include their long-term effect (24 hours), which allows you to take the drug 1 time per day.

Representatives of the third generation (desloratadine, telfast) are devoid of the shortcomings of their predecessors. They can be used for a long time, without a threat to the nervous system and heart. The downside is the higher cost of these drugs.

For the treatment of local manifestations of allergic rhinitis, nasal corticosteroids (nasonex, flixonase) are used. These sprays have proven themselves well and can be used in both adults and children. A feature of nasal corticosteroids is their exclusively local action (they are not absorbed into the blood) and the preservation of the effect up to one month after application.

Widely used vasoconstrictor drops - xilin, nafazolin. They relieve swelling of the nasal cavity, facilitate breathing.

Prevention

Prevention is aimed at avoiding contact with allergens. At home, you need to create a hypoallergenic environment. For this you need:

Regularly carry out wet cleaning, airing the premises.
Replace feather pillows with synthetic ones.
Punch out pillows and blankets regularly.
Limit contact with animals.
Remove carpets, books - in glazed shelves.
During flowering, limit exposure to the street.

Compliance with simple preventive measures and timely intake of medications will help to avoid exacerbations of respiratory allergies and maintain an active lifestyle.

Respiratory allergy is a specific disease of the respiratory system, which is based on any allergic reaction. In this disease, all organs and parts of the respiratory tract are involved in the process.

The main causes of the development of allergies

The reasons for the development of this disease can be completely different. One of the most important factors is heredity. Very often there are cases of transmission of allergic diseases from generation to generation. Can play a big role:

constant artificial feeding;
perinatal pathologies of the nervous and respiratory systems;
atopic diathesis;
the earliest exposure to the child's body of various allergens. The ecological situation plays an important role in the development of the disease.

The use of various preservatives in food, the frequent incidence of acute respiratory infections, all kinds of diseases of the skin, digestive tract and intestines have a bad effect on the health of the body.

Respiratory allergies can develop due to the action of a strong allergen on the body. However, not all of them are like that. Those irritants that cause hypersensitivity can be considered the weakest antigens of external origin. With respiratory allergies, the allergen enters the body only by inhalation.

The most common allergens are household, food, arising from the pollen of some plants. Many people quite often have a reaction to house dust. All this can be explained by the fact that the dust contains a fairly large number of different types of microscopic mites, mold fungi and all kinds of chemicals.

There are also cases when an allergic reaction can develop to certain drugs. A feature of respiratory allergies is the presence of polyallergies, that is, the presence of several harmful allergens in the body at once.

The main forms of respiratory allergies and their symptoms

There are several main types of allergies. Depending on the form, the symptoms of the disease will also differ.

It most often develops in children and can last throughout a person's subsequent life. The disease occurs quite often. At the same time, patients complain of constant nasal congestion, there may be scant discharge. To all this is added severe itching in the nasal passages, which causes constant sneezing.

This disease is most often seasonal. It manifests itself during the flowering period of many plants, which is associated with the hypersensitivity of the human body to their pollen.

Allergic pharyngitis.

It is characterized by severe swelling of the entire mucous membrane covering the oropharynx. Sometimes the tongue may also be involved in the inflammatory process. In this case, the patient has a constant feeling of something extraneous in the throat. But no pain is usually noted. The most common symptom is a severe dry cough. Most often, such pharyngitis is chronic and can be combined with tonsillitis.

Allergic tracheitis.

There is a rapid onset of hoarseness. The patient is tormented by strong and prolonged bouts of dry cough. The cough is worse at night and there is severe pain in the retrosternal region. The disease can last even for several months, while it has a wave-like character with periods of exacerbation and remission. However, the fact that even severe coughing attacks usually do not disturb the general condition of the body can be considered surprising.

Allergic obstructive bronchitis.

This disease is considered the most common respiratory allergy, which affects only the lower respiratory tract. Some doctors consider this disease one of the varieties of bronchial asthma with the mildest course. This is due to the practical coincidence of both the main causes and mechanisms of development of bronchial asthma and allergic obstructive bronchitis.

Basic principles of treatment of respiratory allergies

Treatment of absolutely any known form of respiratory allergy implies the initial and final cessation of all contacts of the body with those allergens that provoked or may be the cause of the disease.

Drug treatment implies the appointment of specific antihistamines to the patient. Allergic rhinitis is often treated with various aerosols, which include glucocorticosteroids. Such drugs must be injected directly into the nasal passages several times a day. If the upper respiratory tract and paranasal sinuses are involved in the process, then vitamin therapy and some physiotherapy procedures are used for treatment.

For early warning of the development of possible respiratory diseases, of course, in the presence of a harmful allergen, special preventive measures must be followed. For example, pregnant women who have a hereditary factor in the manifestation of allergic reactions should follow a special hypoallergenic diet from the very beginning of pregnancy. This is necessary in order to try to prevent the development of hypersensitivity in the unborn child. But already after the birth, mothers should always remember that the baby should be protected from all possible harmful allergens as early as possible. The most good prevention of allergies can also be considered long-term and constant breastfeeding of a child.

Halotherapy in the treatment of respiratory allergies

Today, the method of halotherapy is becoming more and more popular.

It consists in the appointment of special haloinhalations, which are recommended to be combined with some breathing exercises. This method is one of the most effective for preventing the development of any respiratory diseases. Also, halotherapy is often used to prevent the development of all sorts of complications associated with chronic respiratory diseases. Such therapy is usually carried out in several consecutive courses.

Its essence lies in the combination of the main neurovegetative, as well as adaptive-trophic processes occurring in the body under the influence of various immunostimulating substances. However, this method of treating respiratory pathology is quite expensive, so doctors offer an alternative method of treatment with the specific drug Galoneb. Its effectiveness has been proven over the years.

Specific nebulizer therapy

This therapy is a special inhalation treatment method. It has quite a few advantages:

applied from an early age;
the dosage of the drug delivered in the respiratory tract is considered the most accurate;
inhalations can easily be done at home completely independently;
the presence of many analogues of drugs;
a positive effect can be achieved in the shortest possible time, simply by introducing a large, but acceptable dose of the drug;
inhalations in no way affect all other organs and systems of the body.

Thus, respiratory allergies are a fairly common disease. But it can also be prevented if you take good care of your health. When the first signs of the disease appear, you should immediately seek help from a specialist who will be able to prescribe the most effective and effective methods of treatment and prevention of a possibly developing disease in time.

An allergy is a condition of the body when the body gives an atypical reaction and is active in relation to the usual external factors.
Describing the process of formation of respiratory allergies is not so simple. If we put it in a simplified form, it turns out that any substance in the food that came into contact with the skin or is present in the air was perceived by the human body as a danger.
Here, the immune system is connected to the performance of its functions. After all, its main task is to protect the body from foreign substances. The production of antibodies begins, which are located in the blood.
Time passes and contact occurs again, only there are already antibodies in the blood. During the second meeting, the antigen and antibody come into contact. And their contact causes an allergic reaction.
An allergen can be in the air and provokes the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract to an allergic reaction. This is called a respiratory allergen, and the result is a respiratory allergy.
The main danger of a respiratory disease is that the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract come into contact with almost all existing allergens.

Respiratory allergy is the most common type of allergic reaction and affects a large number of allergy sufferers. Small substances that are in the air lead to it. Most often, plant pollen, dust, pet hair, book dust, and cigarette smoke lead to such a reaction. It is clear that we have to deal with all these substances on a daily basis. If a person has a weak immune system, he has a genetic predisposition to allergies, which means that most likely he will soon show the first symptoms.

Symptoms of respiratory allergic reactions

All the symptoms that accompany respiratory allergies concern the eyes and respiratory organs. The eyes begin to redden, itching appears in the nose, a runny nose, a dry cough occurs, the throat begins to tickle, and it becomes difficult to breathe.
But if you use the language of medical terms, then each symptom will have its own name. Let's talk about allergic conjunctivitis first. This is when the mucous membrane of the eyes becomes inflamed. Along with this, lacrimation begins, eyelids swell, eyes itch, fear of light appears. As a rule, these symptoms appear in combination with others.

Allergic conjunctivitis affects approximately 15% of the world's population. So this problem is still relevant today.

Getting rid of allergic conjunctivitis is easy. First you need to protect yourself from contact with the substance that led to such a reaction. Next, be prepared to use special eye drops, plus antihistamines. As soon as you eliminate the causative agent of the allergy, the inflammation will decrease.
The next most common symptom is allergic rhinitis. It can also be found often, somewhere in 10% of children. The disease is more favorable towards adults and is less common among them. Its symptoms include itching, sneezing, runny nose and stuffy nose. If we talk about treatment, then the tactics are the same as in the previously described case - eliminate the cause, use nasal sprays, plus antihistamines.
Now let's talk about allergic laryngitis. There is a hoarseness of voice or, in severe cases, its loss. Treatment may be more difficult. It also tickles and itches the throat, plus a cough that is not eliminated by syrups or tablets. Again, the first step is to find out what led to such a reaction and minimize contact with this substance. Tablets are prescribed directly by the doctor who selects the treatment. Individual treatment is selected for each, depending on the characteristics of the patient.
Asthma also belongs to the category of respiratory allergies. Rather, it is already a consequence of the allergy itself. When the systematic inhalation of an allergen leads to difficulty breathing, asthma attacks can sometimes occur. And they can be so strong that you can’t do without bronchodilators. And here it is necessary to actively fight the disease.

We have considered almost all the symptoms with the exception of allergic alveolitis. The danger of this disease is given by inflammatory processes that are localized in the alveoli. Most often, it affects those people who, due to their profession, are forced to deal with respiratory allergens. Sometimes, in order to cope with the disease, one has to take drastic measures, it even comes to changing the type of activity. In addition, the treatment will take a very long period.

How is an allergy different from a cold?

Many parents are wondering how to distinguish a respiratory allergy from a common cold, yet the symptoms are almost the same.
How to understand what exactly worries children? Show more attention to the condition of the child and conduct an analysis.

For example, a respiratory allergy is accompanied by a runny nose and cough, but in general the condition remains the same: the children are active, they feel satisfactory, their appetite is normal, the temperature is stable.
It also happens that the symptoms appear unexpectedly during the interaction with the allergen and then abruptly disappear. For example, the children were walking and began to cough, they developed a runny nose. But when you return home, everything goes away.
If it seems to you that the child has an allergy, then you should consult a doctor to establish a diagnosis, determine the allergen and prescribe treatment.
How should a person who is prone to respiratory allergies behave?
It is clear that the most important recommendation in the manifestation of respiratory allergy symptoms is to limit your contact with the allergen.
It is necessary to free your living space, as far as possible, from carpets, textile curtains, feather pillows and mattresses, and soft toys. You need to do a wet cleaning every once in a while. Do not have pets, do not use perfume with a pungent odor. Refrain from smoking as well as alcohol.

Allergy symptoms in children

If you take children, then their reaction to the allergen is expressed as a rash or redness on the skin. If the allergen has come into contact with a specific area of the skin, then it is in that place that red bumps will begin to appear, which look like insect bites. In the case of food allergies, the rash can appear anywhere.
In addition, symptoms in children include stuffy nose and watery eyes. Some children who have sinus problems develop a cough due to the throat becoming inflamed.
Children who suffer from allergies need more time to sleep.
Children between the ages of two and four are most susceptible to respiratory allergies. At this time there is a transition from breastfeeding to other foods, and this is certainly one of the reasons.
In general, children can observe the following forms of respiratory allergies:

allergic laryngitis, in which there is swelling of the larynx, hoarseness of voice;

allergic tracheitis, which is accompanied by cough, redness of the face and vomiting;

allergic bronchitis;

allergic pneumonia;

allergic rhinitis, along with which comes difficulty breathing, nasal congestion, itchy nose, sneezing, headache.

Treatment of respiratory allergies in children

The most important thing in this matter is to protect the child to the maximum from contact with the cause of the allergy. The condition of the baby will immediately become easier. Of course, this alone will not be enough. Requires medical intervention. The drugs are prescribed by a pediatric allergist.
If there is no way to limit contact with the substance that causes allergies, then you will have to inject the allergen under the skin. In medical parlance, this is called immunotherapy. Some children have high sensitivity to allergens. If the procedures did not aggravate the condition and well-being of the child is normal, then immunotherapy can be continued with an increase in the amount of the allergen. It happens that the treatment can take several years.
There is also such a method of treatment as therapeutic exercises. With its help, the body is easier to resist the disease. Physiotherapy exercises will be prescribed by the doctor.