home Audience 4 Plants with a pronounced sedative effect include: What sedatives for children and adults are better and more effective? Other sedatives

Plants with a pronounced sedative effect include: What sedatives for children and adults are better and more effective? Other sedatives

As the holidays approach, people are experiencing more stress in their lives. Lavender, peppermint, and many other plants can help with this! Many are beginning to realize that aromatherapy, the therapeutic use of pure essential oils extracted from plants, can definitely influence a person's emotions.

According to aromatherapy literature, lemon stimulates humor and a sense of well-being, Lavender relieves nervousness and insomnia, Jasmine and Peppermint soothe headaches. Many of the plants make the air clean, decorate our lives, improve our health and even calm us down!

Enjoy the aroma of herbs.

In addition, we can drink teas made from herbs, bathe and enjoy their aroma, and can use them as a form of aromatherapy. We have been using it since the first ancient man came into contact with a fragrant leaf or plant and began to enjoy its smell.

Lavender was a favorite bathhouse plant of the early Greeks and Romans, and they carried it to wherever their troops passed. Even then, they knew the meaning of this plant to calm down and relax from the fatigue and stress that filled a person.

Today, people have again begun to understand that plants can help them with one of the most pressing problems of modern man - stress.

Jasmine, orange blossom, and scented geranium can grow on a windowsill. The beauty and aroma of these plants is half the reward of caring for them. Essential oils made with aromatic plant extracts can be used in baths, teas, or to soothe or stimulate your body.

There are many different flavors available now. Small clay ones can be hung in cars and homes and are filled with oils that slowly permeate the surrounding air.

Soothing and relaxing herbal teas

The best natural herbal sedatives are herbal teas, which are soothing, relaxing and make a big difference in today's often hectic world. So, choose one of these special herbal teas to sit back and relax.

The general rule is to use one teaspoon of dried herb or 3 tablespoons of fresh, crushed herbs per cup of boiling water. Pour hot boiled water over the leaves of herbs or flowers and leave for 5 to 10 minutes. (5 minutes is sufficient in most cases. Infusing too long can destroy the subtle flavors.) Many of these teas can also be drunk cool or as ice tea.

Keep in mind that while the general rule applies to most teas, certain herbs have different preparation and infusion methods. Chamomile, linden and hop flowers should not be infused for more than 3 to 4 minutes. Dried herbs for teas should be stored in airtight containers and should not be exposed to light.

Chamomile

Roman and German daisies have a similar appearance. To obtain this aromatic tea, only fresh or dried flowers are used. Tea has a calming and mild sedative effect that helps us relax after or even during a busy day, or as an aid to a good night's sleep. Chamomile is safe for use, even by children. For complete relaxation, why not try a cup of chamomile tea in combination with a chamomile bath?

Melissa— Melissa officinalis

Another herb that calms the nervous system is lemon balm. Her tea, refreshing at any time, is distinguished by the fact that it calms the entire nervous system, but at the same time stimulates the heart. Lemon balm leaves and flowers can be steeped a little longer, up to 15 minutes, to release more of its lemony flavor. Take hot or cool. This tea will also help you get a good night's sleep and even help soothe headaches.

Lime tea

Linden tea is very popular in European countries with its slightly floral aroma and pleasantly sweet taste. In some regions, tea made from linden flowers and leaves is used as a household remedy for: nervousness, anxiety, insomnia, headaches and indigestion.

Passionflower, or passionflower

It has a mild sedative effect, calms nervousness and anxiety, and helps you sleep at night. It is generally considered safe to use, but should be avoided by pregnant women.

Motherwort— Cardiac

Motherwort tea can calm the nervous system. It is widely used for the faint of heart, heart problems and palpitations. The taste may be bitter, so you can add lemon and honey to improve the taste. Yet again, it is NOT safe for pregnant or breastfeeding women.

Valerian— Valerian officinalis

It has a calming effect on the entire nervous system and is used to treat insomnia. Attention: Although earthy teas and valerian produce a strong calming effect, we advise making the tea less strong, even weak, as too much potency can cause lethargy and headaches and other symptoms. Use with caution.

Verbena blue— Verbena lanceta and Verbena officinalis

Blue verbena in particular has a calming effect and relieves insomnia. The tea tastes slightly bitter, so you can add honey.

Forbidden!!!

This tea should not be made too strong, consumed over a long period of time, or used during pregnancy.

Warning: These herbs have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Authorities. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Attention!!!

Always consult a doctor, especially for sick people and pregnant women, as some herbs can cause contractions and lead to fetal loss!..

The most comprehensive list of calming herbs

Adonis
Air
Arnica
Astragalus fusiflora
Ledum
Barberry
Henbane
Belozor swamp
Butterbur
Siberian hogweed
Hawthorn
Black elderberry
Initial letter
Valerian
Basilisk
Heather
Watercolor
water pepper
Garmala
Dutch carnation
Amphibian knotweed
Urban gravilate
Elecampane tall
Elecampane

Sweet clover
White Sandman Datura
fragrant spikelet
Oregano
Melon
Jaundice
Chickweed average
St. John's wort
Moldavian snakehead
European Zyuznik
Willow
Ikotnik gray-green
Kalina
Kirkazon clematis
Black cohosh
Kozelets squat
Bluebell crowded
Hemp
Common groundsel
Yellow egg capsule
White water lily
Lagochilus
Lily of the valley
lettuce
Lemon
Larch sponge
Lunnik
Daurian moonseed
Lovage
Poppy sleeping pill
White pigweed
Stinking pigweed
Antihelminthic pigweed
Melissa
Roofing rejuvenated
Field mint
Marigold
Cucumber
borage
Dandelion
mistletoe
Full-time wildflower
Panzeria
Nightshade bittersweet
Nightshade black
Passionflower
Patrinia average
Perilla
Peony evasive
True bedstraw
Common wormwood
Motherwort
Rauwolfia serpentina
Rhododendron
pharmaceutical camomile
Ruta fragrant
Salad
Serpukha crowned
blue cyanosis
Bruise
Smolevka drooping
Asparagus
Cottonweed
Tatarnik
Turn
Bearberry
Poplar black
Dill
Hop
Chicory
Series
Chistets Baikal
Chistets marsh
Chistets forest
Chistets straight
Wild sage
Saffron
Baikal skull cap
Common skullcap
White woodruff

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Medicinal plants with sedative properties

Introduction

Currently, there is a tendency towards an increase in the level of psychopathological disorders, especially various psychogenic neurotic disorders. The current situation is potentiated by various socio-psychological and biological factors (socio-economic problems, global information oversaturation, chronic fatigue, environmental situation, deteriorating quality of life), which leads to distress, manifested by increased fatigue, decreased performance, irritability, tension, anxiety, decreased mood, loss of usual interests, anhidonia, unmotivated fears, sleep disturbances.

But due to the fact that most of these conditions are subclinical in nature (they relate to the syndromic level of severity of psychopathological disorders, without acquiring clear nosological outlines), the development of pharmacotherapy for patients with these disorders is an urgent problem in domestic pharmacology.

Currently, sedatives are the most optimal for the treatment of neurotic conditions. The increased interest in sedatives on the part of doctors and patients is due to the possibility of self-medication, ease of use, simplicity of dosage, minimum contraindications and side effects. These properties are due, first of all, to the plant origin of most components, the relatively low concentration of active substances (in complex sedatives), which virtually eliminates the possibility of overdose, as well as a wide range of indications for their use: vegetative neuroses, mild neuroses with phobic disorders, problems with falling asleep, increased excitability, neurasthenia.

One of the areas of application of sedatives is mild neuroses. Sedatives are apparently the “oldest” drugs used to treat neuropsychiatric diseases. But at the present time, despite their venerable age, these drugs not only do not concede their positions, but also come out ahead, thanks to the fact that new drugs appear among them, continuing the traditions of the old ones.

Neurasthenia is a mental illness of the group of neuroses, the main manifestation of which is a state of irritating weakness: increased exhaustion and slower recovery of mental processes. In the first place in the clinical picture of neurasthenia are asthenic manifestations: increased mental and physical fatigue, absent-mindedness, decreased performance, the need for long rest, which, however, does not lead to full restoration of strength. The most common neurasthenic symptoms also include headaches, sleep disturbances, somatovegetative disorders (dysfunction of the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory system, sexual function, etc.). The prevalence of neuroses (including neurasthenia) is very high and tends to increase. Treatment for these diseases includes psychotherapy, sedatives and vitamins.

The main clinical purpose of sedatives is to induce sedation (while reducing anxiety). The indications for their use are very wide; these drugs are among the most frequently prescribed in the world.

To treat anxiety or sleep disorders, sedatives are usually given orally. Sedatives are best absorbed in the duodenum (at high pH values). Their transport in the bloodstream is a dynamic process in which drug molecules enter and are removed from tissues at a rate depending on the magnitude of the blood flow, concentration gradients and the permeability of biological barriers. Fat solubility plays a major role in determining the rate of drug entry into the central nervous system. Classic studies of most sedatives have shown that they are rapidly redistributed from the brain, first to well-perfused tissue (skeletal muscle), and then to poorly perfused adipose tissue. This leads to cessation of action on the central nervous system. Water-soluble metabolites of sedatives are excreted mainly by the kidneys. In most cases, impaired renal function does not significantly affect the elimination of the drug. The biotransformation of sedatives can be influenced by various factors, primarily age-related changes in liver function or changes resulting from diseases, as well as an increase or decrease in the activity of microsomal enzymes under the influence of drugs. As a rule, a decrease in liver function leads to a decrease in the rate of transformation of almost all sedative drugs metabolized by the oxidative route.

Psychosedatives should reduce anxiety and have a calming effect, while exhibiting minimal effects on motor and mental functions. The degree of CNS depression caused by these drugs should be minimal. Sedatives of plant origin most fully meet these requirements.

The main task of modern herbal medicine is to introduce into medical practice the maximum number of standardized phytopharmaceuticals (including those with a sedative effect) with confirmed action and dosage, as well as narrowing the scope of placebo phytopharmaceuticals, or so-called illusory drugs. According to WHO and EU experts, despite the successes of synthetic chemistry, it is considered advisable to implement programs for the development and production of standardized effective and safe medicines based on the accumulated experience of traditional and folk medicine around the world.

Due to the relevance of this problem, the goal of my course work is to identify drugs that have a sedative effect and are most widely used in medical practice.

To achieve this goal, the following tasks are solved:

· definition, concept and characteristics of sedatives;

· study of the morphological and anatomical features of medicinal plants with sedative properties;

· chemical composition of medicinal plants with sedative properties;

· use of medicinal plants with sedative properties.

Chapter 1. General information about plants that have a sedative effect

neurosis sedative herbal preparation

1.1 Use of plants for medicinal purposes

Interest in a healthy lifestyle, which for many is associated primarily with the consumption of natural products, has literally swept the whole world today. In fact, there is nothing wrong with buying food without harmful dyes and genetically modified additives, wearing clothes made of silk and cotton, living in houses made of wood and natural stone, and, if necessary, taking medicines from environmentally friendly plants. But the main thing here is not to fall into fanaticism and not reach the point of absurdity. After all, it is known that truth and benefit are always somewhere in the middle.

The use of medicinal plants, which have come back into fashion, is not always safe. Today you tried one “herb”, tomorrow - another... If you do it frivolously and thoughtlessly, then at best you may not get the desired result, at worst you may harm your health.

To “make” herbal remedies have a beneficial effect on the body, you need to have a good understanding of their properties. A non-specialist should hardly rely on their own knowledge here. In addition, you should be careful about the expected effect: for example, Chinese lemongrass, which, according to the attached annotation, is a stimulant of the nervous system, relieves fatigue and increases endurance, in 5 percent of people it causes the exact opposite effect - lethargy and drowsiness. The use of chokeberry is contraindicated for gastric and duodenal ulcers, immortelle for hypertension, peppermint for hypotension, and St. John's wort for elevated temperature. There are many such examples. Therefore, in order not to harm yourself or others with your advice, it is wiser to seek help from phytotherapists - certified doctors who are well versed in botany, pharmacognosy (the science of the chemical composition of plants), and phytopharmacology, which takes into account the interactions of chemical compounds in plants - with each other and with other living organisms.

Despite the general popularity of herbal medicine and the demand for its preparations, to date only 10 percent of the species in the entire diversity of flora have been subjected to comprehensive analysis. But even this modest figure gives us the right to talk about the benefits and breadth of use of plants for medicinal purposes, especially since in certain cases they actually successfully replace synthesized drugs. And this is especially important considering that side effects from the latter, according to the World Health Organization, are one of the leading causes of death in developed countries. However, general practitioners are reluctant to give up medications. According to the Allensbach Institute of Demoscopy in Germany, their volume accounts for approximately two-thirds of all treatments.

Herbal remedies have a milder and more gradual effect on the human body. True, this advantage is also a disadvantage, which does not allow the use of herbal medicine (with some exceptions) when emergency care is needed. In general, “all sorts of means are needed”: it is only important to avoid extremes and combine them wisely...

1.2 Characteristics of sedatives

SEDATIVES (sedativa; sedativus sedative) - drugs that have a calming (sedative) effect on the central nervous system. Unlike tranquilizers, sedatives are characterized by a less pronounced therapeutic effect; in therapeutic doses they do not have muscle-relaxing properties and do not cause ataxia. Sedatives do not have a hypnotic effect, but, having a calming effect on the central nervous system, they can promote the onset and deepening of sleep. With long-term use of sedatives, drug dependence does not develop. They are used mainly to treat neurotic conditions and insomnia. Among sedatives, a distinction is made between herbal preparations and synthetic substances. Among the sedatives of plant origin, preparations of valerian officinalis, motherwort, passionflower, peony and some other medicinal plants are widely used in medical practice. Valerian preparations reduce the excitability of the central nervous system and also have an antispasmodic effect on the smooth muscles of internal organs. Infusion, tincture and thick valerian extract are used as sedatives. In addition, valerian is part of a number of combination drugs (a collection of sedatives, valocormide, etc.). Preparations of motherwort and passionflower herbs, as well as peony tincture, have the same effect on the central nervous system as valerian preparations and are used as sedatives for the same indications. Preparations from some medicinal plants containing cardiac glycosides, especially spring adonis, also have a sedative effect. A weak sedative effect is characteristic of menthol, which is a component of peppermint oil. Sedatives of synthetic origin include bromides, including bromcamphor, which also affects cardiac activity, and some other drugs. Thus, in small doses, neuroleptics and hypnotics, including barbiturates, have a sedative effect. For example, phenobarbital has a sedative effect in doses of 0.01 - 0.03 g per dose. Long-term use of sleeping pills as sedatives is inappropriate. For a number of drugs, the sedative effect is concomitant with their main pharmacological action, which is typical for certain antihypertensive drugs (clonidine, methyldopa) and antihistamines (diphenhydramine, diprazine).

1.3 Statistics

The most popular traditional multicomponent herbal medicines around the world are herbal preparations and extraction preparations, while the latter are the most convenient and well standardized among herbal preparations.

Over the past few decades, there has been an increase in the population's demand for sedatives of plant origin. Their consumption is growing every year, this is especially clearly seen in developed countries and countries with so-called crisis economies.

According to the Institute for Public Opinion Research in Germany, more than 50% of respondents prefer treatment with herbal preparations and only 20% believe that chemical agents are more reliable. According to WHO, about 80% of the world's more than 4 billion people rely primarily on traditional herbal medicines for primary health care. The demand for over-the-counter phytopharmaceuticals is growing all over the world: in Switzerland the volume of these drugs reaches 36-40% of the total turnover on the pharmaceutical market, in the USA - 39%, in Japan - 18%, in Germany - 15%.

From the literature it is known that the most popular plants with a sedative effect used in folk and traditional medicine in Ukraine, Russia, Poland, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Yugoslavia, Germany and Belarus (712 prescriptions in total) are: valerian officinalis (82%), mint pepper and lemon balm (61%), hawthorn (52%), St. John's wort (48%), common hop (18%).

Chapter 2 Medicinal plants with sedative effects

2.1 Valerian officinalis

Rhizoma with valerian roots - Rhizoma cum radicibus Valerianae

Valerian officinalis - Valeriana officinalis L.

A perennial herbaceous plant up to 2 m high. The rhizome is short, vertical, planted with numerous adventitious roots up to 20 cm long. In the first year of life, a rosette of long-petioled basal leaves is formed, in the second year a flowering shoot grows. The stem is erect, simple, branched at the top, hollow, cylindrical, grooved, glabrous or pubescent at the bottom. The leaves are opposite, unpaired, pinnately dissected, with linear-lanceolate or ovate, coarsely toothed segments. The lower leaves are petiolate, the upper ones are sessile. The flowers are small, from pale pink to purple, collected at the top of the stem in large corymbose panicles.

Widely distributed throughout Russia, with the exception of the Far North and arid regions of Central Asia. Valeriana officinalis L. is a polymorphic species, representing a wide botanical variability of forms, isolated geographically and confined to certain growing conditions. The main differences come down to the shape and size of the rhizomes, the nature of the leaf blade, drooping, and color of the flowers. The most common botanical forms belonging to the species Valeriana officinalis L. are marsh valerian (V. palustris Kreyer), brilliant valerian (V. nitida Kreyer), valerian (V. Stolonifera Crezn.), Russian valerian (V. rossica Sm. ).

Valerian is found in coastal and floodplain meadows, among shrubs, in ravines and steppe groves, meadow and mixed-grass steppes; confined to humid places of growth. The largest reserves of valerian are concentrated in Ukraine, Belarus, Bashkortostan and Tatarstan.

The rhizome with roots is harvested in autumn or early spring. Wild valerian is dug up by hand. The above-ground part of cultivated plants is first mowed with mowers, and then the rhizomes are plowed out using specially converted potato diggers. The dug up rhizomes are shaken off the ground, the remains of the aerial part, dead roots are cut off and washed on the ground, piled up and dried under a canopy for 3-5 days, and then dried, spread out in a thinner layer in the open air, as well as in dryers at a temperature no higher than 40 C. During the process of withering and drying, the raw material acquires a characteristic color and a specific smell. When drying and storing raw materials should be protected from cats.

When cultivating valerian, selection work is carried out both to increase the content of biologically active substances in the plant and to increase the mass of raw materials.

Chemical composition. Horse rhizomes contain essential oil (bornyl isovalerate), the amount of which ranges from 0.5 to 2% depending on the botanical form, growing conditions (for wild plants) and culture. In addition, isovaleric acid and borneol are in a free state. The sedative effect is determined by the essential oil content (0.5-2%), most of which is an ester of borneol and isovaleric acid. Valepotriates (the sum of native compounds and their components) in raw materials also have sedative properties, reaching 0.5-1%, and alkaloids - valerine and hatinine. Valerian promotes natural sleep. Valeric acid and valepotriates have a weak antispasmodic effect. In addition, the complex of biologically active substances of valerian officinalis exhibits a choleretic effect, enhances the secretory activity of the gastrointestinal mucosa, slows the heart rate and dilates the coronary vessels.

Application. The rhizome with roots is used as a sedative in the form of decoctions; included in sedative, carminative, and gastric preparations. The raw materials are used to obtain a tincture, a thick extract. Valerian preparations reduce the excitability of the central nervous system, enhance the effect of sleeping pills, and have an antispasmodic effect. They are used as sedatives for nervous excitement, insomnia, neuroses of the cardiovascular system, spasms, spasms of the gastrointestinal tract. Valerian tincture is often combined with other heart sedatives in complex preparations. Fresh rhizomes with valerian roots are used as raw materials to obtain the tincture that is part of the drug Cardiovalen. Due to its sedative effect, valerian preparations are widely used for cardiac neuroses, neurasthenic conditions, overstrain, anxiety, excitement, fear, anxiety, menopausal disorders, hyperthyroidism, hysteria, epilepsy. For hypertension to reduce the excitability of the cerebral cortex and reduce vegetative-vascular disorders. For chronic circulatory disorders, pain in the heart, palpitations, extrasystole, paroxysmal tachycardia associated with a neurotic state. In early and late toxicosis of pregnancy as a sedative; with thyrotoxicosis. In dermatology for eczema, neurodermatitis, skin itching, urticaria, psoriasis. For stomach neuroses, accompanied by spastic pain, constipation and flatulence; with dysphagia, persistent cardiac spasm. In complex therapy of obesity as an anorexigenic agent. Valerian preparations are often prescribed together with other sedatives, cardiac drugs, and antispasmodics. Valerian enhances the therapeutic effect of small doses of aminazine, stabilizes the vasodilator effect in angina pectoris, has a desensitizing effect, and tones the vasomotor centers.

2.2 Common hops

Hop cones (hop fruit) - Strobili Lupili

Common hop - Humulus Lupulus L.

Sem. hemp - Cannabaceae

A perennial dioecious liana, reaching a length of 3-6 m. The stems are climbing, slightly woody, hexagonal, hollow, tenacious, rough, with hooks. The leaves are entire or three-lobed, with a deep heart-shaped notch at the base, opposite, glandular, pointed, serrated along the edges on long petioles. The flowers are unisexual, axillary or apical: staminate - with a five-membered yellowish-green perianth, collected in paniculate inflorescences; pistillate - in cone-shaped oblong - elliptical light green drooping catkins, growing into infructescences. The scales of the cones on the inner side are seated with small glands.

It is found almost everywhere in the European part of Russia, Western Siberia, with the exception of the Far North, in the Caucasus, and occasionally in Kazakhstan. It grows in damp places, in river valleys, in damp broad-leaved forests, and bushes. Despite significant natural reserves, the procurement of raw materials is difficult.

Infructescences (female cones) of hops are collected in July - August, when they have a yellowish-green color. They are harvested by cutting them off together with the stalks so that they do not fall apart. The collected raw materials are dried quickly in the shade under a canopy or in well-ventilated areas, spreading them in a thin layer on burlap or paper. Cultivated hops are usually harvested using hop harvesting machines. The best raw materials are obtained by drying in dryers at a temperature of 55-65 C and a layer thickness of 30-40 cm, active ventilation with heated air, when the buds are in suspension.

Chemical composition. Hop cones contain 0.1-1.8% essential oil, which includes myrcene, geraniol, linalool; bitter substances: humulone, lupulone; in addition, it contains tannins, flavonoids, and organic acids.

Application. The fruits are used as a sedative and are part of a sedative collection. Hop essential oil is included in the preparation Valocordin, the extract is included in the preparations Valosedan, Jovalettin, Passit. The sedative effect of hop cones is associated with the bitter substance lupulin. A complex of biologically active substances (flavonoids, hormones, vitamins, etc.) determines the anti-inflammatory, capillary-strengthening, hyposensitizing and analgesic properties of hop cones. In addition, galenic preparations of hop cones have regenerative, bactericidal and fungicidal properties. The antimicrobial activity of hop cones is explained by the presence of bitter acids humulone and lupulone. There is evidence of estrogenic activity of hop cone extract.

Hop cone preparations are used as sedatives and analgesics for increased nervous excitability, sleep disorders, vegetative-vascular dystonia and menopausal disorders (in combination with valerian and other sedative plants), as well as for gynecological diseases - menstrual disorders - amenorrhea, hypomenstrual syndrome against the background of estrogen ovarian insufficiency, with algodismonorrhea. For diseases of the urinary tract and kidneys, hop cone preparations are used as an anti-inflammatory, hyposensitizing, diuretic and regulating mineral metabolism agent. Thanks to its antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory effects, hop preparations are effective for cystitis and urethritis; due to the content of bitterness - for asthenia and gastritis, as a general tonic, improving appetite and digestion. The anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-allergic properties of herbal hop preparations determine their therapeutic effectiveness for skin diseases.

2.3 Passionflower incarnate

Herba Passiflorae incarnatae

Passionflower incarnate (meat-red passionflower) -

Passiflora incarnata L.

Sem. Passion flowers - Passifloraceae

Perennial tropical liana. The rhizomes are long, horizontal, from the dormant buds of which new aboveground leafy and underground shoots develop. The stem is climbing, up to 9 m long, herbaceous. The leaves on long petioles are deeply tripartite, up to 20 cm in diameter, with a finely serrated edge. The flowers are solitary, large on long peduncles; There are 5 sepals, they are lanceolate, leathery, bearing spiny projections at the top. The corolla is very unique: it consists of five free petals and a “crown”; petals and “crown” are bright purple.

Passionflower is native to tropical Brazil. The secondary habitat of natural growth is the subtropical regions of North America, as well as Bermuda.

The medicinal raw material is grass. Under cultivation conditions on a state farm, marketable products are obtained already in the first year of planting plantings with rhizome seedlings. With age, the productivity of plantations increases. During the summer, three collections are made: the first - when the main shoots reach 50-60 cm; the second - in the budding phase; the third - in the phase of mass flowering; collect the entire above-ground mass.

Chemical composition. The herb contains about 0.05% of indole alkaloids - harmane, harmine, harmol. In addition to alkaloids, phenolic compounds (flavonoids, coumarins, quinones) are present. The juice of the fruit is rich in ascorbic acid.

Application. A liquid extract (1:2) is prepared from the herb, which is used as a sedative for neurasthenia, insomnia, chronic alcoholism, and menopausal disorders. Courses are prescribed for 20-30 days strictly under the supervision of a doctor.

2.4 Motherwort five-lobed

Motherwort herb - Herba Leonuri

Five-lobed motherwort - Leonurus Quinquelobatus Gilib.

Sem. Lamiaceae - Lamiaceae

Herbaceous perennial. Stems are erect, branched in the upper part, tetrahedral, densely hairy, up to 100-150 cm high. Leaves with a heart-shaped base, opposite, petiolate from round-ovate to ovate to broadly lanceolate, up to 14 cm long, up to 10 cm wide, almost to the middle palmately five-lobed, with coarsely toothed lobes. The pubescence of the leaves is soft-hairy, grayish. The size and dissection of the upper and lower leaves vary greatly. The middle and lower leaves are large, palmately five-parted; the upper ones have a narrow, short, three-lobed plate. The flowers are almost sessile, located in close whorls, in the axils of the leaves, at the top of the stem and its branches. The bracts are subulate with a point. The calyx is hairy on the outside, its teeth are triangular, ending in a hard point. The fruits remain in the calyx, are hairy at the top, olive-green four-nuts, 2 mm long. It blooms in June - July, flowering duration is 15-25 days. The fruits ripen in August-September.

It is found almost throughout the entire territory of the European part of Russia. The main thickets are located in forest-steppe regions, in the south and north of the steppe regions of the European part of Russia. It grows especially often in vacant lots, near fences, walls of buildings, in old parks and near villages.

The grass is harvested during the budding and flowering phases. The main procurement areas are the Volga region and Voronezh region. When harvesting, use knives, pruners or sickles to cut off the tops of the stems and their branches up to 30-40 cm long, avoiding cutting stems thicker than 5 mm. You cannot pull out the stems with roots, as this leads to the death of the thickets. With proper collection in the same place, harvesting can be carried out for several years in a row, after which giving the thickets a “rest” for 1-2 years. Usually the collection lasts 15-20 days. The collected raw materials are placed in bags or car bodies lined with tarpaulin and immediately sent for drying, since the raw materials in the bags easily warm up and darken when dried. On plantations, harvesting begins at the beginning of flowering. Mow with reapers at a high cut. The mown mass is left in the field to dry, and then picked up and pressed. If weather conditions do not allow drying the grass in the field, then the mown mass is transported for artificial drying. Dry in dryers, attics or under a canopy with good ventilation. In artificial dryers, heating of raw materials to a temperature of 50-60 C is allowed.

Chemical composition. The main biologically active substances are flavonol glycosides; the main ones among them are rutin, quinqueloside (compounds of apigenin with glucose and n-coumaric acid). There are also tannins (about 2%), saponins, steroid glycosides, traces of essential oil (about 0.03%). Of interest is the content of the alkaloid stachydrine in flowering grass (up to 0.4%).

Application. The herb is used in the form of infusion and tincture as a sedative and antipsychotic agent for cardiovascular neuroses, the initial stages of hypertension, cardiosclerosis, and increased nervous excitability. Cut and pressed motherwort herb is also used as a medicine. For medical purposes, it is also allowed to use motherwort herb for mechanical harvesting, which is harvested from the cultivated motherwort plant.

In folk medicine, motherwort is used for cardiovascular diseases, gastritis, and colds and respiratory diseases. Moreover, in folk medicine, fresh plant juice is preferred to infusion.

2.5 Peony evasive

Rhizome and root of the evasive peony -

Rhizoma et radix Paeoniae anomalae

Evading peony herb - Herba Paeoniae anomalae

Evading peony - Paeonia Anomala L.

Sem. buttercups - Ranunculaceae (peony - Paeoniaceae)

Peony evasive (Maryin root) is a large herbaceous perennial plant, about 1 m high. The root system is powerful, consists of a multi-headed rhizome, from which spindle-shaped fleshy roots extend. Stems are erect, unbranched, ribbed, leafy mainly in the upper half. The leaves are pinnately dissected with lanceolate lobes, the lower leaves are double- and triple-dissected. Flowers with a diameter of 13-18 cm are usually located one at a time at the top of the stem, have 5 sepals and 5 bright pink-red petals. The fruit, 2.5 cm or more long, consists of 5 leaflets surrounded at the base by a fleshy disc.

Distributed from the southeast of the Kola Peninsula to the western regions of Yakutia and Transbaikalia in the east, especially widely in Western and Eastern Siberia. Grows in sparse deciduous, birch, dark coniferous and mixed forests, in taiga meadows, forest edges and clearings. Usually found scatteredly, in separate clumps, without forming large thickets.

They use rhizomes and roots, as well as grass. The above-ground part is harvested during flowering (May-June), the roots can be harvested at any time during the growing season, but usually they are harvested simultaneously with the above-ground part. The above-ground part is separated from the underground with a knife. Rhizomes and roots are washed in water.

To ensure the required ratio of the dried mass of underground and above-ground organs of 1:1, for every 100 kg of raw roots it is necessary to prepare 200 kg of raw grass. At each site where raw materials are being harvested, only the grass is collected from some specimens, and the roots are left to regenerate the thicket.

In order not to damage the renewal buds, the above-ground part is not torn off, but cut off. Dry raw materials in attics or under sheds, in dryers at a temperature not exceeding 45-60 C; the underground and above-ground parts are dried separately.

Chemical composition. All parts of the plant contain essential oil in amounts up to 1.2% in the grass and up to 1.6% in the roots; The main components of the oil are the aromatic compound peonol and methyl salicylate. The glycoside salicin is present, in which the aglycone is saligenin (O-hydroxybenzyl alcohol), free salicylic acid. The roots are rich in sugars (up to 20%), which gives them a sweetish taste, and tannins (up to 300 mg/100g), including the essential ones - threonine, phenylalanine, leucine, tryptophan. The aerial parts contain the glycosides paeoniflorin and paeonolid.

Application. The raw materials are used to obtain a tincture with 70% ethanol (1:10), which has a calming effect. Used for neurasthenia with increased excitability, insomnia, vegetative-vascular disorders, hypochondria. Maryin root is very popular in folk medicine in the areas where it grows, as well as in Tibetan and Mongolian medicine, where it is used in the postpartum period to restore contractile activity of the uterus, for erosion and uterine cancer, gastrointestinal disorders, gout, rheumatism.

2.6 Peppermint

Peppermint leaf - Folium Menthae piperitae

Peppermint - Mentha Piperita L.

Sem. Lamiaceae - Lamiaceae

Perennial herbaceous plant. The rhizome is horizontal, branched, with fibrous thin roots extending from the nodes of the rhizomes. Many young underground shoots develop from the rhizome, located close to the soil surface; Some of them penetrate deep into the soil and take on the character of rhizomes, while others emerge to the surface of the soil and spread in the form of loops. Stems up to 100 cm high, 4-sided, bare or with sparse hairs, densely foliated, branching and leaf arrangement opposite. The flowers are small, red-violet, arranged in semi-whorls, at the tops of stems and branches, brought together into spike-shaped inflorescences. The whole plant has a characteristic strong aroma. Blooms from late June to September.

Peppermint was introduced into cultivation in Russia at the beginning of the 18th century. (in pharmaceutical gardens). Currently, it is one of the leading industrial essential oil crops. The main areas for mint cultivation are the Ukrainian SSR, Moldova, the North Caucasus, Voronezh region, and the BSSR. Extensive breeding work is being carried out to develop new varieties of mint with high yields, rich menthol content in the oil and plant resistance against fungal diseases and pests

Peppermint exhibits moderate sedative, antianginal, antihypoxic, choleretic, antiseptic, analgesic, and antiemetic effects. The therapeutic effects are mainly due to the components of the essential oil, especially menthol. Menthol irritates the cold receptors of the oral mucosa, which stimulates the production and release of enkephalins, endorphins, dynorphins and peptides, which play an important role in the regulation of pain, vascular permeability and tone, and in the modulation of neurotransmitter systems. As a result, a reflex expansion of the blood vessels of the heart, brain, and lungs occurs. Menthol in combination with mint leaf flavonoids provides a choleretic effect. Esters of isovaleric acid cause a sedative effect.

Chemical composition. The richest in essential oil are inflorescences (4-6%); the leaves contain up to 2.5% oil; it is almost absent in the stems. The main components of the oil are oxygen derivatives of monocyclic terpenes: menthol (40-70%), menthone (10-25%), pulegone, mentofuran, as well as menthol esters with acetic and valeric acids. In addition, peppermint oil contains terpenes: L - limonene, b - phellandrene, b- and c-pinenes.

Mint leaves contain ursolic and oleanolic acids (up to 0.5%), carotene (up to 40 mg/100 g), hesperidin, betaine.

Application. The leaves are included in teas and are prescribed in the form of an infusion as a digestive aid for intestinal spasms and nausea. Peppermint oil is widely used. It is introduced as a refreshing antiseptic into aromatic water, mint tincture, toothpastes and powders, and rinses. It is an integral part of the drugs “Corvalol”, “Valocordin”; the calming and antispasmodic effect is due to the presence of menthol in the oil. Menthol is included in complex preparations for cardiovascular action (validol, Zelenin drops, etc.), anti-migraine pencils, ointments and drops for the common cold, inhalation mixtures, etc. Peppermint preparations as part of mono- and combined preparations are used to treat increased excitability of the nervous system, neuroses, mild sleep disorders, cardialgia, angina pectoris, neurocirculatory dystonia with tachycardia and arterial hypertension; for dyskinesia and spastic conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, dysbacteriosis, flatulence, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis; toxicoses.

2.7 Blood red hawthorn

Hawthorn flowers - Flores Crategi

Hawthorn fruit - Fructus Crategi

Blood red hawthorn - Crataegus Sanguinea Pall.

Sem. Rosaceae - Rosaceae (Fig. 7)

Fig.7 Blood red hawthorn

A - branches with flowers and fruits; B - raw materials: 1- flowers, 2- fruits

Deciduous tree. The bark is usually gray and unevenly cracked. The crown is ovoid or spherical; branches are strong, straight, often zigzag, round. Young shoots are initially light green, then red or brown, shiny; 2-year-old shoots are gray, usually covered with white lenticels. Characterized by numerous spines - transformed shortened shoots developing from axillary buds simultaneously with the leaves. The leaves are alternate, with stipules, short-petiolate, obovate with a wedge-shaped base, more or less deeply lobed with a coarsely toothed edge. Inflorescences develop at the ends of shortened shoots of the current year, complex, corymbose, rarely simple, umbellate, usually multi-flowered. The flower has 5 sepals, the corolla with a diameter of 1.0-2.5 cm consists of 5 white petals. Fruits are apples, spherical, ellipsoidal, ovoid, red with 1-5 seeds; the pulp is dry, mealy or juicy, the tops of the seeds are usually free, covered only by a thin layer of epidermis. The stones are round, triangular, laterally compressed, keel-shaped, yellowish or brownish.

It grows in sparse forests, edges, river banks in the forest-steppe, on the northern edge of the steppe and in the southern part of the forest zone of Siberia and the eastern regions of the European part of Russia.

Flowers are collected at the beginning of flowering, when some of them have not yet opened. Flowers collected at the end of flowering darken when dried; If collected, it does not dry for a long time and turns brown. The raw materials are collected in baskets and laid out for drying no later than 1-2 hours after collection. Hawthorn fades very quickly, sometimes in 3-4 days, especially in dry, hot and windy weather. Dry flowers in dryers at a temperature of 40 °C, in attics, under sheds or in rooms with good ventilation, spreading them in a thin layer on paper or fabric. Due to the hygroscopicity of the raw material, the room where flowers are dried must be closed at night. Ripe fruits are collected in bags or baskets. The fruit harvest period is about a month. Harvesting fruits does not lead to depletion of the bushes, so annual harvesting from the same bushes is possible. The fruits are dried in dryers at temperatures up to 70 °C on racks, then ventilated to separate the stalks, sepals and other impurities

Chemical composition. The fruits contain flavonoids (hyperoside, quercetin, vitexin, etc.), tannins, polysaccharides, fatty oil, phenolcarboxylic acids (chlorogenic, caffeic); flowers contain flavonoids: hyperoside, quercetin, vitexin, vitexin-rhamnoside; triterpene saponins (ursolic and oleanolic acids); essential oil, amines (trimethylamine, choline, acetylcholine).

Application. The therapeutic effect of hawthorn preparations is explained mainly by the content of polyphenolic compounds. Infusion of flowers and fruits, tincture of flowers and liquid extract of fruits are used as a cardiotonic for functional disorders of the heart, palpitations, cardiac weakness after serious illnesses, ingioneurosis, initial forms of hypertension, insomnia in patients with heart disease and hyperthyroidism with tachycardia ; recommended for elderly people with circulatory insufficiency, especially with diseases of the menopause, atherosclerosis. The liquid extract of the fruit is part of cardiovalene. Briquettes of hawthorn flowers are produced.

In folk medicine, the leaf and young shoots are also used for insomnia, fever, and nervous excitement.

2.8 St. John's wort

Herb St. John's wort - Herba Hyperici

St. John's wort - Hypericum perforatum L.

Sem. St. John's wort - Hypericaceae (Fig. 8)

Fig.8 St. John's wort

A - flowering plant; B - raw materials

Perennial herbaceous plant. The stems are bare, 30-80 cm high with two protruding ribs, oppositely branched in the upper part, leafy. The leaves are opposite, 1-3 cm long, 2-8 mm wide, with numerous glands clearly visible in the light. Numerous flowers are collected at the top of the stems in broad paniculate or almost corymbose inflorescences. The calyx is five-parted; corolla 5-petalled, petals 12-15 mm long, golden yellow, with black dots and dashes along the edge. The fruit is a multi-seeded, three-lobed capsule.

Distributed throughout almost the entire European part of Russia, the Caucasus, and Western and Eastern Siberia (with the exception of the northern regions), as well as in the mountains of Central Asia. It grows on dry lands, less often on floodplain meadows, forest edges and clearings, in sparse forests and among bushes.

The main harvesting areas are forest-steppe and forest regions of Ukraine, Belarus, Eastern Kazakhstan, Rostov region and Krasnodar region. The grass is harvested in the flowering phase before the fruit appears. When harvesting, the leafy tops up to 25-30 cm long are cut off, without the rough bases of the stems. It is not allowed to pull out plants by their roots, as this leads to the destruction of thickets and a decrease in the quality of raw materials. Dry in attics, under sheds or in rooms with good ventilation, spreading them in a thin layer (5-7 cm) on paper, fabric or wire mesh and stirring occasionally. It is better to dry in artificially heated dryers at a temperature not exceeding 40°C.

Chemical composition. The herb contains: essential oils, flavonoids (hyperoside, rutin, quercetin, isoquercetin, quercetin, myricetin), tannins, triterpene saponins, vitamins.

The main active ingredient of St. John's wort - hypericin - improves the functional state of the central and autonomic nervous system, exhibits an antidepressant effect (associated with inhibition of MAO activity, mainly MAO type A), and has a moderate sedative effect. St. John's wort preparations exhibit restorative, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, wound-healing, and regenerative effects.

Application. The herb is prescribed in the form of infusion, tincture and novoimanin preparation. Used internally for colitis, externally to treat burns, lubricate gums and rinse the mouth for gingivitis and stomatitis. Novoimanin is a purified extract from the herb St. John's wort. A 1% alcohol solution of novoimanin has an effect primarily on gram-positive microorganisms, including staphylococci that are resistant to other antibiotics. It is used in the treatment of abscesses, phlegmons, and infected wounds. St. John's wort preparations are prescribed for the treatment of symptomatic and reactive depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, and also as an additional remedy for endocrine depression (especially during menopause), for diseases of the lungs, stomach, intestines, and gall bladder.

Widely used in folk medicine for eczema, dermatitis, diseases of the liver, bladder, heart, intestines, gout, rheumatism.

Chapter 3 Basic sedatives of plant origin (dosages, methods of administration, release forms, storage conditions)

Infusion of rhizome with valerian roots (Infusum rhizomatis cum radicibus Valerianae)

Prepare at the rate of 6-10 g of rhizomes with roots per 180-200 ml of water. It is prescribed for adults 1-2 tablespoons, for older children - 1 dessert spoon, for young children (at the rate of 2 g per 100 ml) - 1 teaspoon 3-4 times a day. Briquettes of rhizomes with valerian roots are produced, made from crushed raw materials. The briquette is divided by grooves into 10 equal slices of 7.5 g each. To prepare the infusion, take 1-2 slices of the briquette, pour a glass of cold water, boil for 5 minutes, then filter through cheesecloth. Adults are prescribed 1 tablespoon, older children - 1 dessert spoon, younger children - 1 teaspoon 2-3 times a day (before meals). Valerian tincture (Tinctura Valerianae)

Tincture with 70% alcohol (1:5). A transparent liquid of a reddish-brown color with a characteristic odor and a bittersweet, spicy taste. Darkens under the influence of sunlight. Adults are prescribed 20-30 drops per dose 3-4 times a day, children - as many drops per dose as the child is old. Release form: in 30 ml bottles. Thick valerian extract (Extractum Valerianae spissum)

A thick mass of dark brown color with a characteristic smell of valerian and a spicy-bitter taste. Used in the form of film-coated tablets (0.02 g of thick valerian extract in each), 1-2 tablets per dose. Tablets are convenient to take, but a more pronounced effect is provided by freshly prepared valerian infusion.

Soothing collection (Species sedativae)

The collection contains rhizome with valerian roots - 1 part, peppermint and trefoil leaves - 2 parts each, hop cones - 1 part, prepared at the rate of 2 tablespoons (8-10 g) of the collection, place in an enamel bowl, pour 200 ml of hot boiled water water, cover with a lid, heat in a boiling water bath for 15 minutes, cool for 45 minutes at room temperature, filter, squeeze and add boiled water to 200 ml.

Take 1/4 - 1/3 cup 1-2 times a day after meals. The finished infusion is stored in a cold place for no more than 2 days.

Valocormidum

A combined preparation containing tinctures of valerian and lily of the valley 10 ml, belladonna tincture 5 ml, sodium bromide 4 g, menthol 0.25 g, distilled water up to 30 ml. Transparent liquid of brown color, salty taste with the smell of valerian and menthol. Its composition and action are similar to the so-called Zelenin drops. Soothing and antispasmodic. It is used mainly for neurotic conditions accompanied by bradycardia. Prescribed orally (before meals) for adults, 10-20 drops 2-3 times a day. Release form: in bottles of 30 ml. Storage: list B; in a place protected from light.

Valosedan

A combined preparation containing valerian extract 0.3 g, hop tincture 0.15 g, hawthorn tincture 0.133 g, rhubarb tincture 0.83 g, sodium barbital 0.2 g, ethyl alcohol 20 ml, distilled water up to 100 ml. A sedative that acts like other complex drugs that include sedatives in combination with small doses of barbiturates. Used for neuroses and neurosis-like conditions, 1 teaspoon 2-3 times a day. Storage: list B. Corvalolum

A combined preparation containing b-bromoisovaleric acid ethyl ester about 2%, phenobarbital 1.82%, sodium hydroxide (to convert phenobarbital into soluble phenobarbital sodium) about 3%, peppermint oil 0.14%, a mixture of ethyl alcohol 96% and distilled water up to 100%.

Colorless transparent liquid with a specific aroma. It has a sedative, antispasmodic and some vasodilating effect. Corvalol is used for neuroses, insomnia, in the early stages of hypertension, and for spasms of intestinal smooth muscles. Prescribed orally (before meals) to adults, 15-30 drops 2-3 times a day; for vascular spasms, a single dose of Corvalol can be increased to 45 drops.

Corvalol is well tolerated; Even with long-term use of the drug, no side effects are usually observed. In some cases, drowsiness and slight dizziness may occur during the daytime; When the dose is reduced, these phenomena disappear. Release form: solution in orange glass dropper bottles of 15 and 25 ml. Storage: list B; in a place protected from light at a temperature not exceeding 15°. The drugs valocordin and milocordin are close in composition and action to corvalol. Infusion of motherwort herb (Infusum herbae Leonuri)

Prepare at the rate of 15 g of herb per 1 glass of water. Prescribed orally for adults, 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day before meals. Used as a sedative for increased nervous excitability, cardiovascular neuroses, and in the early stages of arterial hypertension. By the nature of action, motherwort preparations are close to valerian preparations. Release form: crushed raw materials in bags of 50, 75, 100 and 150 g. Motherwort tincture (Tinctura Leonuri)

Tincture (1:5) in 70% alcohol. A transparent liquid of greenish-brown color with a bitter taste and faint odor. Used as a sedative for increased nervous excitability, cardiovascular neuroses, and in the early stages of arterial hypertension. By the nature of action, motherwort preparations are close to valerian preparations. Prescribed orally for adults, 30-50 drops 3-4 times a day (before meals). Release form: in dropper bottles of 25, 40 and 50 ml.

Leonurus liquid extract (Extractum Leonuri fluidum)

Used as a sedative for increased nervous excitability, cardiovascular neuroses, and in the early stages of arterial hypertension. By the nature of action, motherwort preparations are close to valerian preparations. Prescribed orally for adults, 15-20 drops 3 times a day before meals. Release form: in dark glass bottles of 25 ml. Storage: in a cool place, protected from light. Peony tincture (Tinctura Paeoniae)

The tincture is prepared from crushed underground parts and herbs, taken equally in 70% ethanol (1:10). It is used as a sedative for neurasthenia with increased excitability, insomnia, and hypochondria. Prescribed orally for adults, 30-40 drops 3 times a day. Release form: in orange glass bottles. Storage: list B; in a cool, dark place.

Liquid passionflower extract (Extractum Passiflorae fluidum)

Alcohol solution. The liquid is dark brown or dark brown in color, with a peculiar aromatic odor and bitter taste. Prescribed for increased excitability and insomnia, 20-40 drops 3 times a day. The course of treatment is 20-30 days. Release form: in dark bottles of 25 ml. Storage: in a cool place, protected from light. Contraindications: angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, severe atherosclerosis.

Conclusion

“There is a herb for every disease,” says popular wisdom.

Currently, among other diseases, the greatest danger is posed by the pathology of the cardiovascular system, which in the structure of overall morbidity is 10-15%, being one of the main causes of disability and mortality.

In conclusion, it should be said that, firstly, the use of modern herbal medicines included in the State Register of Medicines at the preclinical stage of the formation of syndrome complexes of neuropsychic disorders - with neurotic reactions can be a method of monotherapy, eliminating the need to prescribe a variety of psychotropic and other drugs to patients.

Secondly, preventive courses of herbal medicine, taking into account personal or other psychological characteristics, as well as the specific specifics of life activity, must be carried out for patients with previously diagnosed borderline neuropsychiatric disorders, but currently not clinically detectable, when their life or work from a certain time will be associated with with the influence of psychotraumatic or other negative factors.

Thirdly, herbal medicine dramatically increases the effectiveness of traditional treatment, provides more complete remission and a high quality of life for patients with certain syndromological manifestations of neuropsychiatric disorders.

...

blue cyanosis

The sedative properties of cyanosis are several times stronger than those of valerian! The root is effective for insomnia and sleep disorders, depression, nervous disorders, and epilepsy. Blueberry root has a pronounced calming effect and reduces the excitability of the central nervous system. It is even used in psychiatric practice (with increased nervous excitability). Cyanosis has an exceptionally beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system: it normalizes blood pressure in hypertension, helps with cardiac neuroses, angina pectoris, atherosclerosis and other vascular problems. Cyanosis is also used for epilepsy.

In addition, in folk medicine, cyanosis is used as an expectorant for respiratory diseases, especially chronic bronchitis. The plant reduces catarrhal symptoms in the lungs, softens cough, reduces pain, and promotes the removal of mucus.

Remedies based on cyanosis (tinctures or decoctions) remove waste and toxins from the body, improve sleep, lower cholesterol, improve overall well-being and enhance immunity. A remarkable feature of this plant is also that it is low-toxic and rarely causes side effects.

To enhance the therapeutic effect, cyanosis is often combined with other herbs. For example, for vascular disorders, headaches, atherosclerosis, after a stroke, the combined use of cyanosis and , . An excellent soothing and restorative remedy would be to collect cyanosis, woolly panzer, and Baikal skullcap. For stomach and duodenal ulcers, a good effect is achieved by taking cyanosis and cudweed together.

Panzeria woolly

– the most effective sedative, hypotensive and vasodilator. It has healing properties for autonomic and cardiovascular neuroses, hypertension (at an early stage), myocarditis, myocardial dystrophy, angina pectoris, Meniere's syndrome, in the mild stage of thyrotoxicosis, and Graves' disease. Panzeria (also called panzerina) has a pronounced vasodilator, adrenolytic and sedative effect (3-4 times greater than the sedative effect of valerian). Promotes a slight but persistent decrease in blood pressure, improves well-being in hypertensive patients.

In addition, panzeria has a diuretic, antitoxic, vasodilator, analgesic, sedative, tonic, restorative, and immunostimulating effect. Stimulates faster elimination of toxic products from the body due to its diuretic effect associated with the dilation of renal vessels. Infusions of this plant are also used as a diuretic, antirheumatic and decongestant. The content of vitamin C in panzeria helps strengthen the immune system, gives the body energy and vigor.

Peony evasive (Maryin root)

Another natural sedative is the root. Like other calming herbs, it is effective for various neuroses, increased nervous excitability, insomnia, vegetative-vascular dystonia, headaches, and has an anticonvulsant effect. Maryin root helps normalize sleep, reduce headaches, and increase performance.

It is also used for various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (colitis, stomach ulcers, diarrhea), to improve appetite and digestion, and for jaundice. In addition, marin root has proven itself in the treatment of female diseases (in particular, cervical erosion). Externally used for dermatitis and other skin diseases, to treat dandruff.

Lavender

It is an excellent natural sedative. It is effective for migraines, insomnia, neurasthenia, neuroses, nervous disorders, as well as palpitations and cardiovascular diseases. Lavender preparations are used for neuralgic pain and inflammation of the middle ear, vegetative-vascular dystonia, tachycardia, and to reduce cranial pressure.

In addition, lavender has a diuretic, anticonvulsant, strong antiseptic and bactericidal effect, and is an antispastic and unique wound healing agent. In folk medicine, decoctions of lavender herbs and flowers are also used for diseases of the kidneys (including kidney stones), adrenal glands, inflammation of the bladder and renal pelvis. Thanks to its soothing and antibacterial properties, lavender has a good healing effect for sore throat, hoarseness and bronchitis. Lavender increases intestinal tone, increases the acidity of gastric juice, dilutes bile, helps with flatulence, severe fermentation and putrefactive processes in the intestines, and gastrointestinal colic. The unique healing properties of lavender make it a good remedy for burns - the plant promotes complete regeneration of epidermal cells.

An enhanced remedy with the same properties, but in a much higher concentration, is lavender essential oil.

Meadowsweet (meadowsweet)

It has excellent sedative properties, normalizes sleep, and is a mild but effective sedative. In addition, it has a powerful anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antiviral effect (therefore it is used for acute respiratory infections, flu, herpes). The range of medicinal effects of meadowsweet is very wide. Meadowsweet relieves headaches of various types, as well as rheumatic pain in the joints. The plant has an astringent, antibacterial, hemostatic, diaphoretic, anti-inflammatory, choleretic, antispasmodic, sedative, restorative, and antitoxic effect.

In addition to its healing properties, meadowsweet has a pleasant taste and honey aroma, which will enrich the taste of any herbal drink. It is often included in soothing and strengthening preparations (soothing herbs such as fireweed, oregano, motherwort, etc. are combined with meadowsweet).

Baikal skull cap

effective as a sedative and hypotensive agent for nervous system disorders, cardiovascular neuroses, insomnia, headaches, atherosclerosis, hypertension.

Skullcap flavonoids have vasodilating properties, help normalize heart rate, have an anti-inflammatory effect in myocarditis, and normalize sleep and blood pressure. Skullcap improves the condition of the nervous system in patients with cardiovascular neuroses, has a pronounced antispasmodic effect, normalizes capillary circulation and nutrition of the heart and brain, and significantly reduces headaches. Skullcap has a positive effect on the gastrointestinal tract and liver function, eliminating dysbiosis, providing a choleretic and mild laxative effect. By providing an antitoxic effect, skullcap significantly improves overall well-being. In addition, the antitumor, anticonvulsant, antipyretic, antiallergenic, and anti-inflammatory properties of skullcap are known.

Alfredia

Thanks to its pronounced calming effect (or ataman-grass), it helps relieve emotional and nervous tension, anxiety and restlessness. At the same time, Alfredia is a good tonic, stimulates mental activity and helps improve memory. It has a strengthening, antioxidant, analgesic, diuretic effect, and increases the body's resistance to stress.

Alfredia is used for various nervous disorders, diseases of the central nervous system, neurasthenia, frequent dizziness, and panic attacks. As part of herbal mixtures with other medicinal plants, it is used for schizophrenia and epilepsy. It is also effective for enuresis and gastric neuralgia.

Shiksha

Traditionally used to restore the nervous system and vitality in cases of fatigue, insomnia, chronic fatigue syndrome, loss of strength, and nervous exhaustion. Shiksha decoctions help relieve fatigue, relieve headaches, and are used for nervous disorders and nervous exhaustion, sleep disorders, migraines, as well as in the complex treatment of mental disorders (including schizophrenia). It is considered one of the most effective remedies for the treatment of epilepsy, effective for seizures, nerve damage and peripheral paralysis.

In addition, shiksha is used for liver and kidney diseases, edema, dropsy, difficulty urinating, metabolic disorders in the body, diarrhea, and colitis. It has a calming, hypotensive, diuretic, choleretic, anticonvulsant, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, astringent, wound-healing, antiscorbutic effect. Externally, herbal decoctions are used to treat acne, ulcers, wounds, rashes, stomatitis to strengthen hair. Shiksha contains large quantities of ascorbic acid, tannins, important microelements for the body, and is a general tonic.

Lumbago (sleep-grass)

(sleep-herb) has hypotensive, sedative, hypnotic, antispasmodic, antimicrobial, antifungal, anesthetic properties. It is used as a sedative and hypnotic, including for nervous and mental diseases, as well as for the treatment of hypertension. Shooting slows the heart rate (used for palpitations). Sleep-herb relieves nervous excitement and associated headaches, helps with insomnia, hysteria, convulsions, and dysmenorrhea. Has an antispasmodic effect for migraines and bronchitis. Externally, lumbago is used for fungal skin infections and rheumatic joint pain.

Variegated slipper

used as a sedative for various neuropsychic disorders. The plant has sedative, analgesic, blood purifying, and hypotensive properties. Effective for insomnia, headaches, dizziness, childhood fear, sleepwalking, birth injuries, mental illness (hysteria, schizophrenia, neurasthenia), convulsions, fainting, epileptic attacks.

In addition, the variegated slipper has a beneficial effect on the gastrointestinal tract: it helps with gastritis and normalizes appetite. In folk medicine, the variegated slipper is also used for malignant tumors.

Rosemary

Many sedative herbs have a hypotensive effect and are therefore not suitable for hypotensive patients. If you have low blood pressure and loss of strength, you should pay attention to the healing properties of rosemary. behind recommended itself as a good tonic and stimulant with a calming effect on the nervous system. It is used to normalize the activity of the nervous and endocrine systems of the body, for heart neuroses, dizziness, loss of strength, and weakened memory. An infusion of rosemary leaves strengthens heart contractions, briefly increases blood pressure, has a tonic effect, improves cerebral circulation, strengthens memory and activates mental activity, and is a natural antidepressant.

An infusion of rosemary leaves is used for diseases of the upper respiratory tract and asthma, as well as for gargling for inflammatory diseases of the pharynx and larynx. It is used as a remedy for colds and headaches, for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, for the treatment of female diseases (for menstrual irregularities, nervous disorders during menopause). Has choleretic and diuretic effects.

Sweet clover

Due to its coumarin content, it has the ability to have a depressant effect on the nervous system. Sweet clover is used as a natural sedative to reduce the excitability of the nervous system during neurasthenia, cardiospasms, hysteria, migraines and insomnia, as well as during menopause. The plant is also effective for angina pectoris and atherosclerosis; as an expectorant for respiratory diseases; with dysmenorrhea and inflammation of the ovaries. Sweet clover thins the blood well and slightly increases blood pressure, prevents seizures, and improves blood circulation in the brain.

Of course, we have not listed all effective calming herbs. Other medicinal plants with sedative effects include: , – they have the same properties as the plants from which they are made, only more pronounced. We will talk about soothing essential oils and how to use them in a separate article.

Sedatives have been used for a long time to treat diseases of the nervous system. The mechanism of their action is a regulatory effect on the brain - inhibition of excitation processes and activation of inhibition. These drugs have moderate sedative and anti-anxiety effects. This group of drugs does not have a hypnotic effect, but they facilitate the onset and promote deeper and more restful sleep. Well tolerated by patients without any serious side effects. Do not cause addiction, physical or psychological dependence. They enhance the effect of certain groups of drugs, such as painkillers, sleeping pills and others that have a calming effect on the nervous system.

Due to the beneficial effects of sedatives and the minimum of adverse reactions to them, these drugs are widely used in everyday medical practice, especially in the treatment of elderly people.

According to the classification, there are several groups of sedatives, the leading of which are herbal medicines. We'll talk about them below.

Valerian preparations

Valerian root reduces the excitability of the central nervous system and has a mild antispasmodic effect.

The roots and rhizomes of valerian contain many active substances that have medicinal properties such as reducing the excitability of the central nervous system and reducing spasm of smooth muscles (antispasmodic effect).

Indications for taking valerian preparations are insomnia, increased nervous excitability, and neurocirculatory dystonia.
Available in various dosage forms:

tincture with 70% alcohol - recommended doses for adults are 20-30 drops 3-4 times a day;
thick valerian extract in the form of tablets or capsules - 0.02–0.04 g (1–2 tablets) 3–4 times a day;
capsules containing a hydrophilic complex of valerian (Valevigran), take 1-2 capsules 2-3 times a day 30 minutes before meals;
dry raw materials in filter bags and in a common pack - used for brewing tea and preparing a decoction (2 teaspoons of crushed dry raw materials are poured into 200 ml of cold water and boiled for 5 minutes, then filtered), recommended doses - 15–30 ml (1 –2 tablespoons) 3-4 times a day.

A contraindication to taking valerian preparations is only the patient’s individual hypersensitivity to them.
It is generally well tolerated by patients. In some, extremely rare cases, drowsiness, increased fatigue, etc. are observed.

Paeonia officinalis preparations

Indications for taking peony medications are neurasthenia, sleep disorders, and neurocirculatory dystonia.
Available in tincture form in 100 ml bottles. It is recommended to take 30–40 drops of tincture 3 times a day. The course of treatment is long – 3–4 weeks.

Contraindicated in case of individual hypersensitivity.
The only side effects that should be noted are the occurrence of allergic reactions in case of hypersensitivity to this drug.

Motherwort preparations

Motherwort preparations not only soothe, but also to some extent reduce blood pressure.

The herb of this medicinal plant includes substances that, in addition to a moderate sedative, also provide.

They are used for neuroses, increased nervous excitability, neurocirculatory dystonia, as well as in the early stages of hypertension.
They are produced in the form of an infusion in bottles of 25 and 50 ml, as well as in the form of dry raw materials in a total pack weighing 50 and 100 g.

It is recommended to take the tincture 3-4 times a day, 30-50 drops before meals. An infusion is prepared from dry raw materials: 15 g of crushed herbs are poured with 150–200 ml of water at room temperature and placed in a water bath. Heat over low heat for 15 minutes, stirring occasionally. Strain and squeeze. Take 15 ml (1 tablespoon) 3-4 times a day before meals.

Motherwort preparations are contraindicated if the patient's body is hypersensitive to them.
Possible side effects are drowsiness, increased fatigue, dizziness. However, they are extremely rare.

Passionflower extract (passion flower) – Alora preparation

The components of the drug reduce the excitability of the central nervous system, producing a sedative effect. While taking the drug, patients' mood improves, manifestations of anxiety and mental stress decrease, and sleep quality improves. In addition, Alora also has an anticonvulsant effect.

Indications for taking this drug are:

It is also used in the complex treatment of pathological conditions such as hypertension, cerebral vascular crises.

Available in the form of tablets and syrup.
Tablets are taken 3-4 times a day, 1-2 pieces before meals. In case of sleep disorders - 2-3 tablets 1 hour before planned sleep. The duration of treatment is determined individually and depends on the initial severity of the patient’s condition and his response to the therapy.

The syrup is taken 1-2 teaspoons (this is 5-10 ml) three times a day before meals. To improve the quality of sleep - 2 teaspoons (10 ml) an hour before bedtime.

Alora is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, as well as during pregnancy and lactation.
When taking the drug in recommended doses, the development of any undesirable effects is unlikely. Allergic reactions are extremely rarely diagnosed.

In case of severe organic pathology of the digestive tract, the drug is used with caution. Alora has not been tested on pregnant or lactating women, so possible negative effects on the fetus and infant are unknown. The drug in syrup form is not recommended for use by patients because it contains sucrose. When treated with this drug, working with dangerous machinery and driving vehicles should be avoided. It is also not recommended to drink alcohol during the treatment period.

Combination drugs

Most sedative herbal preparations contain several active ingredients at once - due to this, their positive effects are potentiated and the expected effect is achieved faster.

Dormiplant

Contains dry extracts of valerian root and lemon balm leaves. It has a calming effect on the body as a whole, and also improves falling asleep and quality of sleep. Indications for use are a state of nervous overstrain and sleep disturbances arising from this background. Take the drug 2 tablets 30 minutes before bedtime - for the purpose of normalization. For anxiety conditions - 2 tablets 2-3 times a day. Take the tablets without chewing, with water. The duration of treatment is determined individually. Contraindications: depressive conditions, as well as hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. Side effects are rare. Nausea, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, intestinal spasms, and allergic reactions are possible. Of the special instructions, it should be noted that experimental studies of the drug have not been conducted on pregnant and lactating women, therefore there is no data regarding the safety of taking it during these periods. Since side effects include confusion and drowsiness, caution should be exercised when taking Dormiplant by persons whose work involves driving vehicles or operating heavy machinery.

Menovalen

Capsules containing lipophilic complexes of valerian (50 mg) and peppermint (25 mg). Has a mild sedative effect. Helps you fall asleep quickly. It is used for mild neuroses, manifested by nervous overexcitation, decreased concentration, feelings of anxiety and restlessness, and sleep disturbances. Take 1 capsule three times a day half an hour before meals or 1-2 capsules an hour before bedtime. Adverse reactions are extremely rare, develop with prolonged use of the drug, and are reversible. These are side effects from the central nervous system, characteristic of the entire group of sedatives, as well as a decrease in blood pressure, a feeling of palpitations and compression behind the sternum, heart rhythm disturbances, nausea, vomiting, heartburn, abdominal pain, constipation, bitterness in the mouth and pain in the right hypochondrium, allergic reactions. It is not recommended to take Menovalen during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Novo-passit

It contains valerian extract, St. John's wort herb and guaifenesin. In addition to the hypnotic and antidepressant effects of medicinal herbs, guaifenesin also has an anti-anxiety and smooth muscle relaxing effect. Indications for taking this drug are standard - like all sedatives. Available in the form of tablets and oral solution. Recommended doses: 1 teaspoon (5 ml) or 1 tablet orally 3 times a day. If necessary, the dose can be doubled. The interval between taking the drug should not be less than 4 hours. Contraindications are hypersensitivity to the components of Novo-passit, epilepsy and myasthenia gravis. Side effects are similar to those of other sedatives. While taking Novo-passit, it is not recommended to be exposed to ultraviolet rays for a long time. Use with caution in persons with severe liver dysfunction. The safety of the drug during pregnancy and lactation is unknown. When taking the drug, absent-mindedness and a decrease in the speed of reactions are possible - patients should refrain from activities that require high concentration and coordination of actions.

Persen and Persen forte

Contains extracts of valerian, lemon balm and peppermint. Available in the form of tablets and capsules. Properties, indications, contraindications and side effects are standard. Recommended doses of Persen: 3-4 tablets three times a day, for sleep disorders - 3-4 tablets an hour before bedtime. Persen Forte take 2 capsules 2 times a day or 2 capsules 1 hour before bedtime. Taking the drug does not depend on food intake. Tablets/capsules should be swallowed whole with a small amount of water. The course of treatment is not limited. Of the special instructions, it should be noted that this drug contains lactose - it is contraindicated in patients with lactose. During pregnancy and lactation, Persen is used after a benefit/risk assessment.

Persen cardio

Available in the form of capsules containing extracts of passionflower herb and hawthorn leaves and flowers. The mild sedative effect of passionflower in this preparation is combined with the cardioprotective (improves heart function) effect of hawthorn. It is used for vegetative-vascular dystonia, increased nervous excitability, functional disorders of the heart, and neuroses. It is recommended to take 1 capsule orally once a day. If necessary, the dose can be doubled. The drug should be taken before meals with water. Duration of treatment – at least 1.5 months. Persen cardio is contraindicated in case of individual hypersensitivity to its components, as well as during pregnancy and lactation. Side effects are standard. Contains lactose - should not be taken by persons intolerant to this substance. There are no data on safety during pregnancy and lactation. During treatment with this drug, it is not recommended to work with serious machinery or drive vehicles.

Relaxil

The composition and properties are similar to Persen. Available in capsules. It is recommended to take 2 capsules 2 times a day or 1 hour before bedtime.

Sedavit

Contains a complex of plant extracts (valerian, hawthorn, St. John's wort, mint, hop cones), pyridoxine and nicotinamide. Available in the form of tablets and oral solution. The active substances of medicinal plants have sedative, anti-anxiety, cardioprotective effects, reduce feelings of fear and mental stress. Vitamins normalize metabolism in nervous tissue. Indications are conditions of constant neuropsychic overstrain, neurasthenia, neurocirculatory dystonia, asthenic syndrome, stage 1 hypertension, menopausal syndrome, etc. Tablets are used 2 pieces 3 times a day. Swallow whole with liquid. If necessary, the single dose can be increased to 3 tablets. If adverse reactions from the nervous system occur, reduce the dose to 1 tablet at a time. The solution is taken 1 teaspoon (5 ml) orally 3 times a day. The dose can be increased to 10 ml per dose. Contraindications to taking the drug are: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, bronchial asthma, spasmophilia, arterial hypotension, myasthenia gravis, severe liver pathology, diabetes mellitus that cannot be corrected. Side effects occur in isolated cases, they are standard. Persons with hereditary pathologies of carbohydrate metabolism are not recommended to take this drug, since it contains lactose and sorbitol. While taking Sedavit, you should not expose your skin to prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays.

Sedariston

Passionflower preparations soothe, improve mood and improve sleep.

Available in the form of drops containing alcoholic extracts of St. John's wort, valerian and lemon balm, and capsules consisting of dry extracts of St. John's wort and valerian. The effects, side effects, indications and contraindications are similar to those of previously described drugs with similar composition. Recommended doses of drops: 20 drops. three times a day before or 2 hours after meals, first diluted in liquid. The recommended daily dose of the drug in capsule form is 4 pieces (2 capsules twice a day or 1 capsule 4 times a day) - before meals, with plenty of liquid.

Sedasen and Sedasen forte

Contains dry extracts of valerian, mint and lemon balm. The “forte” form differs from the simple one by containing 2.5 times more valerian extract. We will not repeat ourselves regarding the properties, indications, effects and side effects of these drugs - they are standard. It is recommended to take 1-2 capsules 2-3 times a day or 1 hour before bedtime, swallowing the capsule whole and drinking plenty of liquid. The duration of treatment varies, ranging from several weeks to 12 months. If no improvement in the patient's condition is observed within 2 weeks of taking the drug, treatment should be reconsidered.

Sedafiton

Tablets containing thick extracts of valerian, motherwort and hawthorn. Has a sedative and cardioprotective effect. A single dose for an adult is 1–2 tablets, the maximum daily dose is 6 tablets.

Trivalumen

Capsules containing dry extracts of valerian, peppermint, hops and bean tree. It has sedative, hypnotic and a number of other, less pronounced properties that are not related to the nervous system. Does not cause addiction, does not depress psychomotor functions, and does not impair work ability. Used for insomnia due to nervous and mental fatigue, neurocirculatory dystonia of the cardiac type (accompanied by palpitations, increased heart rate, arterial hypertension, pain in the heart), decreased appetite.

It is recommended to take 1 capsule 2-3 times a day or 1-1.5 hours before bedtime. Duration of treatment is 1–2 weeks. After 10 days, the course of treatment can be repeated. In the vast majority of cases, the drug is well tolerated. If recommended doses are exceeded, side effects such as drowsiness, lethargy, weakness, decreased ability to work and the ability to concentrate, and decreased blood pressure may develop.

Contraindicated in case of increased individual sensitivity, cholelithiasis, hypotensive conditions, depression. It is not recommended to use this drug when working with serious machinery or driving vehicles.

Listed above are the most commonly used sedatives of plant origin in medical practice. We draw your attention to the fact that even taking into account the safety of this group of drugs, if you develop symptoms for which they are indicated, you should not self-medicate, but should immediately seek qualified medical help - only under this condition will the prescribed treatment bring maximum results !

Which doctor should I contact?

To prescribe herbal sedatives, you can contact a neurologist. In addition, they are used in their practice by therapists, pediatricians, cardiologists, gynecologists, and psychiatrists.

Sedatives (calming) drugs (from Latin sedo, sedatum - to calm down) are drugs that have a calming effect on the central nervous system.

Sedatives are used for various conditions of increased excitability; they have a calming effect and weaken some manifestations of neuroses (reduce irritability, normalize sleep).

Medicinal plant raw materials with sedative effects include:

Rhizomes with valerian roots - Rhizomata cum radicibus Valerianae

Peppermint leaves - Folia Menthae piperitae

Evading peony herb - Herba Paeoniae anomalae

Rhizomata et radices Paeoniae anomalae Rhizomata et radices Paeoniae anomalae

Motherwort herb - Herba Leonuri

Hop fruits - Strobili Lupuli

Herbal medicines have a moderate calming effect on the central nervous system, but do not cause drowsiness, addiction phenomena, or movement disorders manifested by disorders of their coordination. The therapeutic effects of herbal medicines are associated with the content of biologically active substances in them, which belong to various classes of natural chemical compounds.

The use of herbal medicines in the treatment of neuroses has a number of advantages over pharmacotherapy. All main directions of etiopathogenetic therapy in combination with symptomatic effects on the functions of internal organs can be implemented in one drug. The principle of individual selection and dosing of medications is easily achievable. This approach can provide the necessary duration of treatment, since, having selected several effective combinations of herbal remedies for the patient, you can alternate them for any required period of time, avoiding side effects.

Let's consider medicinal plant raw materials:

Melissa herb - Herba Melissae

Melissa officinalis L.

Family Lamiaceae (Labiatae) - Lamiaceae (Labiatae).

Botanical description. A perennial herbaceous plant with an erect tetrahedral branched stem. The leaves are opposite, petiolate, pubescent, heart-ovate, with a crenate edge. Small flowers with a two-lipped yellowish-white or pinkish corolla are collected in whorls in the axils of the upper leaves. The fruit is a coenobium.

Blooms from June to August. The fruits ripen in September-October.

Geographical distribution. The homeland of the plant is the Mediterranean countries. It is found wildly in the south of the European part of Russia. Introduced into culture.

Habitat. Grows along forest edges, ravines, shady gorges.

Preparation. The grass is harvested during the period of budding and flowering, cutting off the upper part of the flowering shoots.

Drying. Melissa herb is dried under canopies or in dryers at temperatures up to 35 °C.

External signs of raw materials. Whole raw materials - the upper parts of stems up to 35 cm long with opposite leaves, buds or flowers, individual leaves, pieces of stems. Stems are tetrahedral, pubescent. The leaves are heart-ovate, with a crenate edge, pubescent on both sides; flowers with a two-lipped corolla. The color of the stems is grayish-green, the leaves are dark green above, grayish-green below, the flowers are pinkish or yellowish-white. The smell is aromatic, lemony. The taste is bitter-spicy.

Crushed raw materials - pieces of stems, leaves, flowers and buds, passing through a sieve with holes with a diameter of 7 mm.

Powder - pieces of stems, leaves, flowers and buds passing through a sieve with holes 2 mm in diameter.

Storage. Raw materials are stored in dry rooms on shelves, like essential oils, separately from other types of raw materials. Shelf life - 3 years.

Chemical composition. Essential oil (which contains citral, geraniol, linalool, etc.), flavonoids, tannins, phenolic acids (including salicylic acid), vitamins C, B1, B2, carotenoids, trace elements.

Application, medicines. Melissa herb as a sedative is used in the form of an infusion for excessive excitability, insomnia, hysteria, neuralgia, and also as an antispasmodic, analgesic, hypotensive, and digestive improver. Dry extract from lemon balm herb is included in the preparations Nervoflux (recommended for problems falling asleep and sleeping, nervous excitement), Dormiplant (for increased nervous excitability, difficulty falling asleep) and Persen (for neurasthenia, vegetative-vascular dystonia). The liquid extract is contained in the drug novo-passit, used as a sedative and anxiolytic. Essential oil from the lemon balm herb is used to obtain the drug altalex - a sedative, antimicrobial and appetite-increasing agent.

Side effects. When taken in large doses, lemon balm preparations cause lethargy and drowsiness, accompanied by a decrease in breathing and pulse.

Contraindications. Hypersensitivity to drug components, myasthenia gravis, severe hypotension.