home Audience 5 Rare diseases of people that are incurable. Incurable human diseases: list, symptoms Serious diseases that are treated

Rare diseases of people that are incurable. Incurable human diseases: list, symptoms Serious diseases that are treated

Much has been done in modern medicine to eradicate and cure diseases, but unfortunately there are still many horrific diseases for which there is no cure.

1. Ebola hemorrhagic fever
Ebola is a virus in the filovirus family that causes severe and often fatal viral hemorrhagic fever. Outbreaks of this disease have been observed in primates such as gorillas and chimpanzees, and in humans. The disease is characterized by high fever, rash, and profuse bleeding. In humans, the mortality rate is 50 to 90 percent.

The name of the virus comes from the Ebola River, located in the northern Congo Basin in central Africa, where it first appeared in 1976. That year, outbreaks in Zaire and Sudan resulted in hundreds of deaths. The Ebola virus is closely related to the Marburg virus, which was discovered in 1967, and both of these viruses are the only filoviruses that cause an epidemic in humans.

The hemorrhagic virus spreads through bodily fluids, and as patients often vomit blood, caregivers often catch the disease.

2. Polio
Poliomyelitis or spinal palsy is an acute viral infectious disease of the nervous system that begins with general symptoms such as high fever, headache, nausea, fatigue, pain and muscle spasms, sometimes followed by more severe and permanent paralysis of the muscles of one or more limbs. , throat or chest. More than half of all cases of polio occur in children under 5 years of age. The paralysis so often associated with the disease actually affects less than one percent of people infected with the polio virus.

Only 5-10 percent of infected people show the aforementioned common symptoms, and more than 90 percent of people show no signs of illness. For those who contract poliovirus, there is no cure. Since the middle of the 20th century, hundreds of thousands of children have suffered from this disease every year. Since the 1960s, thanks to the widespread use of the polio vaccine, polio has been eliminated from most countries in the world and is now endemic in only a few countries in Africa and South Asia. Every year about 1000-2000 children are paralyzed by polio.

3. Lupus erythematosus
Lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease that results in chronic inflammation in various parts of the body. There are three main forms of lupus: discoid lupus erythematosus, systemic lupus erythematosus, and drug-induced lupus.

Discoid lupus only affects the skin and usually does not involve internal organs. It is characterized by a rash or patches of redness covered with greyish-brown scales that can appear on the face, neck, and head. In about 10 percent of cases in people with discoid lupus, the disease will develop into a more severe systemic form of lupus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus is the most common form of this disease. It can affect almost any organ or structure in the body, especially the skin, kidneys, joints, heart, gastrointestinal tract, brain, and serous membranes.

And while systemic lupus can affect any area of the body, most people only experience symptoms in a few organs. The skin rash may resemble that present in discoid lupus. It is also known that few people have the same symptoms. This disease is very variable in nature and is marked by periods when the disease becomes active and periods when the symptoms are not so obvious.

4. Flu
Influenza is an acute viral infection of the upper and lower respiratory tract, which is characterized by high fever, chills, a general feeling of weakness, muscle pain, and various soreness in the head and abdomen.

Influenza is caused by several strains of viruses in the Ortomyxoviridae family, which are classified into types A, B, and C. The three main types tend to cause similar symptoms, although they are not antigenically related. So, if you are infected with one type, it does not give you immunity against other types. Type A viruses lead to large epidemics of influenza, and type B causes small localized outbreaks, while type C viruses usually do not cause illness in humans. Between pandemic periods, viruses undergo constant rapid evolution (a process called antigenic variability) in response to the onslaught of immunity in humans.

Periodically, influenza viruses undergo major evolutionary changes by acquiring new segments of the genome from another influenza virus, effectively becoming a new subtype from which there is no immunity.

5. Creutfeldt-Jakob disease
Creutfeldt-Jakob disease is a rare fatal degenerative disease of the central nervous system. It occurs worldwide with a one-in-a-million chance of occurring, with certain populations, such as Libyan Jews, experiencing slightly higher rates.

The disease is most common among adults aged 40 to 70 years, although there have been cases among young people. Both men and women suffer from it equally.

The onset of the disease is usually characterized by vague psychiatric and behavioral changes, followed by progressive dementia with visual impairment and involuntary movements. There is no cure for the disease, and it is usually fatal within a year of the onset of symptoms.

The disease was first described in 1920 by the German neurologist Ganz Gerhard Kreutfeld and Alfons Jakob. KJD is similar to other neurodegenerative diseases such as kuru, which occurs in humans, and scabies, which occurs in sheep. All three diseases are types of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy due to the characteristic spongiform pattern of neural destruction, in which the brain tissue appears to be filled with holes.

6. Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism characterized by an impairment in the body's ability to produce or respond to insulin and thereby maintain the desired blood sugar level.

There are two main forms of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes mellitus, formerly called insulin-dependent diabetes and juvenile diabetes, usually begins in childhood. This is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system of a person with diabetes produces antibodies that destroy insulin-producing beta cells. Since the body can no longer produce insulin, daily injections of the hormone are required.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus, or non-insulin-dependent diabetes, usually begins after the age of 40, and becomes more common as age increases. It occurs due to sluggish secretion of insulin by the pancreas or decreased response in target cells that secrete insulin. It is associated with heredity and obesity, especially upper body obesity. People with type 2 diabetes can control their blood sugar through diet and exercise, as well as injections of insulin and other medications.

7. AIDS (HIV)
AIDS or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome is a transmissible disease of the immune system that is caused by HIV (immunodeficiency virus). HIV attacks slowly, destroying the immune system, the body's defense system against infections, making the person susceptible to various infections and certain cancers, eventually leading to death. AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection, during which fatal infections and tumors occur.

HIV/AIDS spread in the 1980s, especially in Africa where it is believed to have originated. Several factors contributed to the spread, including increased urbanization and long-distance travel to Africa, international travel, changing sexual morality, and intravenous drug use.

According to the 2006 UN report on HIV/AIDS, about 39.5 million people are living with HIV, about 5 million people become infected each year, and about 3 million die from AIDS each year.

8. Asthma
Bronchial asthma is a chronic airway disease in which the inflamed airways tend to constrict, causing episodes of choking, shortness of breath, coughing, and chest tightness that range in severity from mild to life-threatening. The inflamed airways become hypersensitive to a variety of stimuli, including dust mites, animal hair, pollen, air pollution, cigarette smoke, medications, the weather, and exercise. However, stress can exacerbate symptoms.

Asthmatic episodes may start suddenly or may take several days to develop. Although the first episode can occur at any age, half of the cases occur in children under 10 years of age, and it occurs more frequently in boys than girls. Among adults, the incidence rate in women and men is approximately the same. When asthma develops in childhood, it is more often associated with inherited susceptibility to allergens such as pollen, dust mites, and animal dander, which cause an allergic reaction. In adults, asthma can also develop in response to allergens, but viral infections, aspirin, and exercise can also trigger the illness. Adults with asthma also often have polyps and sinusitis.

9. Cancer
Cancer refers to a group of over 100 different diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body. Cancer affects one in three people born in developed countries and is one of the leading causes of illness and death worldwide. Although cancer has been known since ancient times, significant improvements in cancer treatment were made in the mid-20th century, mainly through timely and accurate diagnosis, surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy drugs.

Such advances have led to a reduction in cancer mortality, as well as grounds for optimism in laboratory research in elucidating the causes and mechanisms of the disease.

Thanks to continuous advances in cell biology, genetics, and biotechnology, researchers now have a fundamental understanding of what happens in cancer cells and in cancer patients, which is driving further progress in preventing, diagnosing, and treating the disease.

10. Cold
The common cold is an acute viral illness that starts in the upper respiratory tract, sometimes spreads to the lower respiratory tract, and can cause secondary infections in the eyes or middle ear. More than 100 viruses can cause the common cold, including parainfluenza, influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, reoviruses, and others. However, rhinoviruses are considered the most common cause.

The term cold is associated with feeling cold or being exposed to a cold environment. Colds were originally thought to be caused by hypothermia, but studies have shown that this is not the case. Colds are caught by contact with infected people, not by cold, chilled wet feet, or drafts.

People can be carriers of the virus and not experience symptoms. The incubation period is usually short, ranging from one to four days. Viruses begin to spread from an infected person before symptoms appear and spread peaks during the symptomatic phase.

There is such a variety of viruses that cause colds that it is almost impossible for a person to develop immunity to colds. To date, there are no drugs that would significantly reduce the duration of the disease, and most of the treatment is aimed at alleviating the symptoms.

Bacteria and viruses that are deadly to one species of living beings can rapidly develop and infect another species.

Infectious and fatal diseases have been regularly transmitted from animals to humans and from humans to animals for many years.

One recent example is the swine flu outbreak.

The fact is that chemistry is used for crops. But aren't these chemicals, i.e. fertilizers, antibiotics, steroids and anabolics, etc. substances used in animal husbandry? These animals do not feed on feed of this chemistry? It's mostly vegetation. Thus, the amount of chemistry in their bodies increases and so enters our bodies. However, Campbell's research makes us realize that this is enough to get rid of dietary substances that support the development of cancer in order not to get sick.

Therefore, it increases our resistance to the development of the disease. Today we will not avoid contact with carcinogens. Especially in highly developed societies. But we cannot provide the factors that will allow the development of the disease. High product prices are the result of our laziness being exploited by manufacturers. They know we don't have the time or inclination to learn a new diet. And for this laziness and ignorance they earn money effectively. This is how business works today. Does this fact mean the effectiveness of the diet?

Diseases that are transmitted to humans from animals are called zooanthroponoses.

To date, about 30 types of these diseases are known, which can be contracted through touch, and more than 40, which are transmitted through a bite.

But disease-causing bacteria and viruses are not selective, which means that humans might just as well pass on their diseases to animals through well-intentioned activities like ecotourism.

Does he show a human approach to a person, using his ignorance. Not one and not one person, a scientist who has written about what is not consistent with the trend recognized by government and science at the moment, is moved from honor and faith through his own medium, sponsored by drug and food manufacturers and the government. His concept breaks the current allocation of things in most countries of the world. Meat and milk processing are important areas of the economy, in almost every country.

This is an extremely important argument for every government. An unenviable dilemma. For your health and quality of life, tomorrow and the distant future. To anger the manufacturers of today's unnecessary drugs. Selena Gomez is a famous actress and singer. From the moment Disney appeared in the production of Wizards of Waverly Place, Selena's acting path has undoubtedly been straight to the top. Her sweet voice and lively songs have made her one of the most popular singers in the world. Selena cannot, however, experience both worlds in their full beauty because lupus has attacked her body.

1. Influenza pandemics

The outbreaks of swine flu that occur from time to time in various countries are nothing compared to the epidemics of ordinary flu that are known to history.

Indeed, the history of influenza is awe-inspiring: the 1918 influenza pandemic swept the world rapidly and within a few months killed 50 million people, far more than any other disease could do in such a short period of time.

This disease of the immune system has caused the system to attack other healthy organs and tissues. This actor, more than once or twice, made us laugh. Due to his role in the popular TV series Two and a Half Years, he received many awards. A similarly named character played there, he was a successful man with an out-of-control train for alcohol and women. Interestingly, it was not difficult for him to play this role, because he suffered almost the same ailments in real life. Nothing, except that now he has as much time as he needs to think.

A fifth of the world's population was infected, and then the flu claimed 25% of Americans.

Unlike some strains of the flu, which mainly pose a threat to the elderly, children, and immunocompromised people, the 1918 pandemic proved deadly to young adults.

In one year, the average life expectancy in the United States has decreased by 12 years.

No doubt he won't have too many "emotions" in his life. Surprised? Her powerful voice was a great addition to her energetic songs. This duet made tickets for her concerts usually sold out. A few years ago, Pink told the world that she had suffered from asthma since she was a little girl. This, however, did not stop her from performing for a huge number of people again and again.

When we think of famous actors with incredible talent, it's hard not to include Tom Hanks in the list. His performance in the famous film Forrest Gump is just one of many proofs of his acting talent. Unfortunately, Tom Hanks suffers from a disease that is quite common today - diabetes. Those who suffer from this disease have too high blood sugar levels because their pancreas does not produce enough insulin. Before us, several big names, don't miss them!

Today the situation has changed. Scientists all over the world are developing means to combat influenza. It is known that the H1N1 swine flu vaccine has recently been invented.

2 Bubonic Plague

Nothing compares to what the Black Death (bubonic plague) did in the 14th century.

Humanity has never seen such an outbreak of disease: mountains of corpses filled all the streets from Europe to Egypt and Asia. Then the plague claimed about 75 million people.

Kim Kardashian definitely stands out in the list of the most famous celebrities of the current generation. She also suffers from an illness that has lasted since childhood. When you first look at her figure and flawless face, you might get the impression that nothing can happen to this huge American reality TV star. This disease affects the skin, which becomes red, inflamed and severely flaky. Definitely not the optimal state, like when you are walking on the beach.

There are many therapies that allow you to control the disease and in some cases even cure it. The Colombian vocalist is one of many stars currently at the top of the celebrity pyramid. However, not everything is perfect in Shakira's life, because he has been fighting toxoplasmosis for many years. This is an infection caused by a protozoan that can enter the body through contact with cats or ingestion of contaminated meat. It starts with the flu, which develops into severe swollen lymph nodes.

The plague overtook a man, and in a matter of days he died in terrible agony.

Plague is a bacterial disease caused by the Yersinia pestis virus. The carrier of the virus is usually rodents (rats), but cats can also become carriers of the virus.

We hope it's nothing serious, the world still needs her music! Could it be more shocking? Look at the next page! The sculpted body and beard are the main features that make women fall at his feet! Producers fight each other for Jackman because every movie he plays in is an absolute success. Unfortunately, he suffers from an incurable disease - skin cancer.

But the plague becomes especially dangerous when it is transmitted from person to person, as happened in the 14th century.

The main symptoms of bubonic plague are fever, chills, weakness, painful swallowing difficulty, and swollen lymph nodes.

If the plague is left untreated, it will bring death even today.

The bubonic plague of the 14th century was caused by an "awakened" bacterium that had been dormant for many centuries in the Gobi desert in Asia.

Tropical diseases not only in the tropics

Therefore, it is very important to undergo mandatory vaccination against diseases that often occur in endemic countries.

In the 1320s, the bacterium began its journey along the trade routes from China, through the rest of Asia, and in 1347 reached Italy and then ended up in Russia.

It took centuries for some communities to recover from the disaster. Moreover, many of the survivors ceased to trust not only the authorities, but also God, by whose grace they were subjected to such severe trials.

Malaria causes many dangerous complications - damaged kidneys, lungs and brain. In addition to Africans, citizens of South and Central America and subtropical Asia are susceptible to this disease. There is no effective vaccine against malaria. Medicines are used, but their effect depends on their regular use.

Yellow we still can't cure

An equally dangerous disease is yellow fever or yellow fever, caused by a group of flaviviruses, which is also responsible for tick-borne encephalitis and West Nile fever. Yellow fever occurs in Africa and South America. It is transmitted, as in the case of malaria, by mosquitoes.

3. Diseases that are transmitted by bite

The level of zoonotic diseases, from which thousands of people die, is increasing from year to year.

Mosquitoes top the list: malaria affects more than 350 million people each year, more than 1 million of whom die.

With the conquest of the American continent, outbreaks of infectious diseases caused by insects are becoming more common and dangerous.

Over the past few decades, the incidence of yellow fever has increased significantly. This is influenced by socio-economic conditions, especially in Africa. Symptoms include high fever, headache, and accompanying jaundice. At the next stage of the disease, problems with the liver and kidneys and the so-called hemorrhagic fever, that is, bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract, may occur. Vaccination is the most effective form of protection against disease. However, there is no effective treatment for yellow fever.

Experts believe that global warming only exacerbates the situation.

Illustrating the relationship of our diseases with animals, especially domestic animals, it can be noted that 55,000 people die of rabies every year around the world, mostly from Asia and Africa.

Most deaths are associated with bites from an infected dog, although wild animals can also carry the virus.

German farms are in Polish where they encourage possible profits. So far there have been no problems with leptospirosis. However, this year's heavy rains have also increased the number of shrews, rodents whose urine is a source of infection, says Dr. Hudzik.

The infection is caused by the faeces of night bugs, which are the simplest, colorless organisms. The carriers of the disease can also become dogs and chickens left in the living quarters for the night.

In order to get one or another deadly virus from an animal, a person does not have to be bitten. For example, hantavirus, which infects rats, mice and voles, can lead to the development of the disease in humans if the secretions or excrement of these rodents enter the respiratory tract or digestive tract.

Leptospirosis, or what to look for. Although the strawberry harvesting season ended on July 31, and the people involved in the harvest have already returned to Poland, unfortunately, they can still get sick, because the disease period is a maximum of 26 days. The illness is usually mild, but it can also be very dangerous and life-threatening. That's why it's worth it to put people at risk about leptospirosis, adds Dr. Hudzik.

The disease usually occurs in two consecutive phases: in the first - an average of 4 to 9 days - you may first observe non-specific symptoms such as chills, fever, headaches and muscles. After a few days, a bruise, characteristic of conjunctivitis, may appear.

The first phase of the disease is characterized by lack of appetite, fever, vomiting, and muscle pain. As soon as you start to feel better, another bout of fever, stiff neck, confusion and problems with movement may immediately set in. This condition is not treatable, but most of those affected survive. Only 1% of those infected die.

Feel free to start treatment. Pregnant women in particular need to be careful because they can cause miscarriage or premature delivery. The most severe form can lead to jaundice, uremia, anemia. Delayed treatment can lead to permanent organ damage and death.

Leptospirosis is treated with antibiotics, most often with penicillin. It is best to start treatment within the first 2-4 days of illness, says Dr. Khudzik. Individuals at risk should also pay attention to other possible symptoms such as vomiting, general exhaustion, increased sensitivity to light, and macular rash in addition to those described above.

4. HIV/AIDS

HIV is the virus that causes the development of AIDS. It is believed that this virus was transmitted to humans at least 100 years ago by primates, in particular chimpanzees.

The virus destroys the immune system, opening the way to a range of deadly infections and cancer.

For example, tuberculosis kills about a quarter of a million HIV-infected people every year.

According to statistics, by the end of 2007, there were about 33 million HIV-infected people in the world, while every year about 2.7 million more become infected and about 2 million people die, including 270,000 children.

Two thirds of people living with HIV live in sub-Saharan Africa.

Recent studies have shown that the first case of AIDS in the United States occurs in 1969, i.e. much earlier than thought.

It is believed that you can become infected with this virus while cleaning the cat litter box. This opinion is wrong. You cannot get toxoplasmosis by removing fresh cat feces. If you clean the litter box daily and wash off traces of cat feces from it, they cannot become a source of infection with toxoplasmosis.

In fairness, it must be said that a person rarely becomes infected directly from a sick animal. So far, there have been no cases of infection from sick animals among veterinarians.

The main sources of human infection are the same as those of animals - soil contaminated with cysts, street dust, and meat containing Toxoplasma cysts that has not undergone sufficient heat treatment.

In this regard, a kebab that does not warm up long enough during cooking is more dangerous than domestic cat.

It should be noted that the virus has also been found in many other mammals.

6. We rewarded big cats with stomach ulcers.

A person is no exception, and can “give” an animal pathogenic bacteria.

It's about bacteria. (Helicoba? Kter pylori or Helikoba? Kter pylori) is a bacterium that infects various areas of the stomach and duodenum, causing ulcers and stomach cancer.

This bacterium mainly lives in the body of lions, tigers and cheetahs, which are carriers of this virus.

7. Ebola

Ebola is the most dangerous virus in the world, which cannot be cured and guarantees death. This terrible disease is widespread in Central Africa and poses a deadly threat not only to large primates, but also to people who have eaten the meat of infected animals.

The medical name for ebola is hemorrhagic fever. Ebola.

In mid-1976, there were several outbreaks of this disease, in particular, in Zaire, where the highest mortality rate of 90% was recorded.

The symptoms of the disease resembled those of malaria. It is believed that the initial spread of the virus was facilitated by the repeated use of injection needles without sterilization.

The disease begins acutely, patients are concerned about severe headache, muscle pain, diarrhea, abdominal pain.

A little later, a dry cough and stabbing pains appear, signs of dehydration develop.

On the 5-7th day of illness, a rash appears, after the disappearance of which skin peeling is noted.

Hemorrhagic syndrome manifests itself in the form of nosebleeds, hematemesis, uterine bleeding, and miscarriage occurs in pregnant women.

Death usually occurs in the 2nd week of illness due to bleeding and shock.

8. Polio, yaws and anthrax

The study of wild animal populations is a rather complex process.

According to Fabian Leendertz, an epidemiologist at the Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Germany, chimpanzees living in Tanzania's Gombe Stream National Park contracted polio from humans.

There is also concern that gorillas have contracted a human disease called yaws, which resembles syphilis but is not sexually transmitted.

Also, a large number of large primates in West Africa have died as a result of an anthrax outbreak, although they could also become infected from a virus that exists in their natural habitat - in the rainforest.

9 Human Virus Kills Chimpanzees

With the development of ecological tourism, cases of respiratory diseases among African chimpanzees are increasingly being recorded.

Human respiratory syncytial virus and metapneumovirus kill newborns in developing countries.

Almost everyone has come into contact with these microbes, and it is likely that antibodies are produced in the human body to fight them.

However, in the first documented case of the transmission of this virus from humans to large primates, it killed an entire population of chimpanzees in West Africa between 1999 and 2006.

10. The gorilla gave the man "crabs"

For the first time, gorillas "rewarded" a person with pubic lice about 3 million years ago.

In 2007, scientists concluded that we probably picked up this "cute" infection, affectionately called "crabs", from gorillas, not because we slept with them, but because we slept in them. dwellings and ate their flesh.

By the way, humans are the only primates that have both pubic and normal lice. Chimpanzees suffer from ordinary lice, but now you yourself know how things are with gorillas.

Sourced from Livescience.com

Medicine is developing rapidly and gives the world new hopes. Indeed, now many diseases have become curable, although literally half a century ago people could not even dream that they would have a chance for salvation. Perhaps AIDS and cancer will one day be as small a problem as a runny nose and cough. But, unfortunately, now it's just a dream. In the meantime, let's find out which diseases used to inspire horror, but are now curable.

1.Syphilis has a long history and an equally long list of victims. It is believed that this disease appeared somewhere in the 15th century in Europe due to Columbus and his sailors, who just at that time returned from expeditions from America. Epidemics of syphilis were considered God's punishment for transgressions, and they treated it with the help of an infusion from a guaiac tree that grows in the West Indies (that is, in America), and many other tinctures. Unfortunately they were of little help. : In the Middle Ages, the disease proceeded differently than now. This means that syphilis has mutated and continues to change its forms. Even in the 21st century, a new variety of it is spreading around the world, which is not treated with the traditional antibiotic azithromycin or penicillin injections. According to American experts at the University of Washington in Seattle, at least 10% of those infected with syphilis around the world may be affected by a new variety. So, despite the fact that syphilis is now being successfully treated, you must always be on your guard.

2. About 430-424 BC one disease took the lives of a third of the population of Athens, including Pericles. Historians believe that it was the fault typhus. Initially, typhus was an Old World disease. For the first time, its descriptions in Europe are found in the 16th century. In the history of warfare, typhus has often been a decisive factor. The number of victims of this disease often exceeded the losses in battles, as, for example, in the Thirty Years' War, during Napoleon's invasion of Russia, in the Crimean War, in the First World War. In post-revolutionary Russia between 1917 and 1921, about 3 million people died of typhus. Modern medicine fights this disease with the help of antibiotics, among which chloramphenicol is especially effective.

3.Black death, or just a plague, at one time claimed the lives of half the inhabitants of Europe. It is of two types - pulmonary and bubonic. It is transmitted through the bites of rodents and fleas and by airborne droplets. The predominant form is bubonic, when the lymph nodes become inflamed. Unfortunately, plague pandemics often recurred in the same regions for many years. And in the 19th century, about 10 million people died from the plague within 20 years. Now isolated pockets of black death still emerge around the world, but with the advent of antibiotics, the death rate from the plague has significantly decreased, although there are still no reliable means to combat it.

4.Children's paralysis - polio- was common in ancient Egypt and Babylon. On one of the tombstones, scientists found an image of the priest of Rum, who made a sacrifice in the temple of the goddess Astarte, the patroness of earthly fertility and motherhood. The inscription on it says that Ruma was a cripple since childhood. This is also confirmed by the deformation of the leg bones, characteristic of paralysis caused by poliomyelitis. Numerous mummies with traces of paralysis also testify to poliomyelitis. 3 millennia ago, this disease terrified people. And only in 1913 in Paris they began to study this virus and set up experiments. However, only in 1954 their efforts were crowned with success, when the American scientist D. Salk produced a vaccine against polio. And before that, about 10-15 thousand children remained crippled for life. The vaccine has been subjected to lengthy tests around the world. In Russia, they also began to make it and test it both on animals and on humans. Scientist A. Smorodintsev and his colleagues hesitated for a long time to give permission for the development of a vaccine. And then Smorodintsev vaccinated his granddaughter. Fortunately for everyone, nothing happened to the child, and millions of children got the chance to grow and develop normally.

The worst epidemics in the history of mankind claimed hundreds of millions of lives, sometimes erasing entire nations from the face of the earth. Here is a list of the 10 most famous and dangerous diseases that we have ever had to deal with.

Typhus.

One of the most dangerous diseases caused by the bacterium Rickettsia. The name comes from the Greek typhos, which means "smoky or misty". The first reliable description of this disease is from the time of the Spanish siege of the Moorish Granada in 1489. These records include descriptions of fever and red spots on the arms, back and chest, progressing to delirium, necrotic wounds and the stench of rotting flesh. During that siege, the Spaniards lost 3,000 men in military clashes, but another 17,000 died of typhus. Epidemics occurred throughout Europe from the 16th to the 19th centuries, as well as during the English Civil War, the Thirty Years' War and the Napoleonic Wars. Only during the Thirty Years' War of 1618-1648, approximately 8 million Germans were exterminated by bubonic plague and typhus. During Napoleon's retreat from Moscow in 1812, more French soldiers died of typhus than were killed by Russian troops.

One of the most dangerous diseases causing serious epidemics. In its most serious form, cholera can be fatal. If help is not provided within three hours, the infected person may die. Symptoms are diarrhea, shock, nosebleeds, leg cramps, vomiting, and dry skin. The first cholera outbreak was reported in Bengal, and from there it spread to India, China, Indonesia and the Caspian Sea. When the pandemic finally ended in 1826, there were over 15 million deaths in India alone. Oral rehydration therapy and antibiotics are currently successfully treating this disease.

Smallpox is believed to have started infecting humans as early as 10,000 BC. e. However, serious smallpox epidemics began much later. In England during the 18th century, this disease killed approximately 400,000 people each year and caused many cases of blindness. The main symptom is an outbreak of small ulcers all over the body. Other symptoms include vomiting, back pain, fever, and headache. The earliest symptom of smallpox was found in ancient Egyptian mummies. It is believed that Egyptian traders brought the disease to India, where it remained for 2,000 years. After successful vaccination campaigns throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, smallpox was declared eradicated in December 1979. To date, smallpox is the only human infectious disease that has been completely eradicated.

Spanish flu (Spanish).

The influenza pandemic of 1918 spread throughout the world. The epidemic was caused by an unusually dangerous and deadly H1N1 influenza virus. Historical and epidemiological data do not allow to determine the geographical origin of the virus. Most of its victims were healthy, young and adult, unlike most influenza outbreaks, which predominantly affected children, the elderly, or debilitated patients. The pandemic lasted from March 1918 until June 1920, spreading even to the Arctic and remote Pacific islands. Between 20 and 100 million people are believed to have been killed worldwide - the approximate equivalent of one third of Europe's population. Interestingly, Spanish flu comes from the same subtype (H1N1) as swine flu.

Yellow fever.

The symptoms of yellow fever are fever, chills, slow heartbeat, nausea, vomiting, and constipation. The disease is estimated to cause approximately 30,000 deaths each year if people are not vaccinated. A notable outbreak of yellow fever was in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1793. The disease killed as many as 10,000 people in Philadelphia alone. Most of the population fled the city, including the president. But the mayor remained, and the life of the city was soon restored.

Ebola virus.

Many have heard about this disease, but not everyone knows well where and when it appeared, what it is, and why is it generally dangerous? Ebola hemorrhagic fever is named after the Ebola River, where the first recognized outbreak occurred. The Ebola virus first appeared in 1976 in Zaire and remained undetermined until 1989, with an outbreak in Reston, Virginia. It has been confirmed that a dangerous disease is transmitted through body fluids, but transmission through simple interaction with a sick person is possible. In the early stages of Ebola, it may not be highly contagious. Contact with someone in the early stages may not even transmit the disease. As the disease progresses, bodily fluids from diarrhea, vomiting, and bleeding pose an extreme biohazard. Due to the lack of proper equipment and hygienic practices, large-scale epidemics occur mainly in poor, isolated areas without modern hospitals, or an educated medical staff.

Symptoms of malaria include anemia, fever, cold, and even coma, or death. This disease is usually spread when a person is bitten by an Anopheles mosquito that has contracted the infection from another person. Malaria is much less "promoted" in the media, unlike the same Ebola virus, but it poses a much greater danger. Every year, around 400 million cases of malaria occur worldwide, killing millions of people. This disease is one of the most common infectious diseases and a very serious problem. Currently, no vaccine helps with full probability to save the patient, but developments are ongoing.

Tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis was the most widespread public concern in the 19th and early 20th centuries, as a local disease of the urban poor. In 1815 one in four deaths in England was due to tuberculosis. By 1918, one in six deaths in France was still caused by this disease. Tuberculosis killed approximately 100 million people in the 20th century. It is an often fatal disease that affects the lungs. Symptoms are cough, weight loss, night sweats, and bloody saliva. Bones show that people as early as 7000 BC. e. were infected with tuberculosis.

Polio.

Polio is highly contagious. It is a disease that affects the central nervous system and spine, sometimes leaving the victim paralyzed. The symptoms are headache, neck, back and stomach pain, vomiting, fever and irritability. In 1952, an outbreak in the United States resulted in 20,000 paralyzed children and over 3,000 dead. Since then, a vaccine has been developed and most children are protected.

Bubonic plague.

Swollen lymph glands, reddened and then blackened skin, heavy breathing, rotting limbs, vomiting of blood, and terrible pain are just some of the signs of bubonic plague. The pain is caused by the decay and decay of the flesh. This disease has claimed more than 200 million lives. Perhaps the most famous and horrific pandemic was in Europe in the late 1300s. The plague was then nicknamed none other than the Black Death. In those years, the plague almost halved the entire population of Europe. Bubonic plague is usually caused by the bite of an infected flea. Today, there are several vaccines that cure people at once, but once it was the most dangerous and terrible disease of all possible.

Hello, I am 24 years old and I have an incurable disease that will eventually make me disabled. While I am only tormented by exacerbations, a neurological deficit is accumulating. But I want, when I completely stop walking, to hide the instrument of suicide under my pillow (ed. - mod.), Because that way they won’t let me leave. Six months ago, my father committed suicide in front of my eyes. Now his relatives want to take away our property. After the institute, I did not work, as I was immediately diagnosed. Now I'm just rotting at home, but why? Why everything, if no one has ever managed to cure this disease, you can only delay the wheelchair with murderous drugs that kill you. My young man and I are building a family, we want to take an apartment on credit. I was lucky with him, if not for troubles and illness. And so it turns out there is no point, the strongest psychological blocks that do not allow to live. Help
Support the site:

Julia, age: 05/24/2014

Responses:

Hello, Julia, you know, I also have a progressive sore, but on the contrary, my relatives told me: nothing, they live with it, work, and I worked, was treated ... then other problems were added, in general, misunderstanding of the family was hard for me, so something that you are apparently protected, protected - so this is a manifestation of love; but you can still find something to do at home, now a computer, the Internet will help us. And the fact that there is a good man is a gift, live - as long as you live, if everyone really understands everything, and can look for some alternative methods of maintaining the state ... I think if you strive for the bright, then something may itself be, some kind of help, the main thing is to be in harmony as much as possible with life. I understand you about the unwillingness to be a burden, to be in a bad state, but now it’s better to think about something else, don’t spread rot on yourself in advance, it overshadows the good times that you may have now. Hold on, give your light, communicate with life, take light from it for the soul! This is life. It means that it is in our power to have it with us and not pass by.

Julia, age: 33 / 30.05.2014

Dear Julia! Did you feel better after your father committed suicide??
Well, since it’s gone, why do you think that your suicide will make life easier for your loved ones ?? Why do you want to give them such a "gift"?
As long as you have everything - enjoy! Why look to the future? No one can predict with certainty what will happen to you specifically with your diagnosis. My mother was also diagnosed with a terrible diagnosis - systemic scleroderma. Read about this disease! So, despite the most gloomy forecasts, she still lived for her own pleasure, not making plans and not thinking about the future. And she lived 20 years instead of several years promised to her, and did not die from an illness.
Think about it, Yulenka. Yes, suicide is a terrible sin. Help God!

Olga, age: 05/26/2014

Julia, you must continue to live despite the illness. You have a young man who loves you and doesn't want you to leave.

Anna, age: 35 / 05/31/2014

Julia, suicide is not an option.
We must try to heal.
I don't know your diagnosis, but many incurable diseases are now treated.
Even if you need to raise money for treatment, they turn to tradition.ru and other charity funds.
And to the Most Chief Physician, and to the saints, our defenders.
http://www.pravoslavie.ru/put/69210.htm
Just beg!
Knock on all doors!
http://tv-soyuz.ru/programms/tv/religious/chitayem-evangeliye/at30448
And also turn to the priests, on Union TV,
to Father Dimitry.
http://www.dimitrysmirnov.ru/blog/
There are many good priests and sites.

Agata, age: ... / 05/31/2014

Thanks everyone for the responses. Unfortunately, the pathology of the brain, the disease of young people - multiple sclerosis, has not been cured.

Julia, age: 24 / 31.05.2014

Yulchik! And let's start from today, from this very moment - to bloom! Find things to do at home that you enjoy: for example, making ribbon flowers/sewing/knitting/embroidering/clay sculpting/painting wooden boards, stencils/baking cookies and cakes, cooking soups/learning languages/writing little notes or custom texts/arranging home garden ... a million things to do, for sure, you like something especially. Make a schedule for each day, and do it! Made things can be given to children in the orphanage. Come to them with gingerbread and cookies and arrange a holiday, play and laugh heartily. Minimize sitting at the computer, tell yourself that I have little time, and I need to hurry, I still have so much to do, I have no time to be sad!!! Arrange for yourself several hours of reading every day (start re-reading or reading, for example, Dostoevsky, Turgenev, spiritual literature, you can start with the books "Unknown World of Faith", "Unholy Saints", books by Julia Voznesenskaya, and slowly move on to the holy fathers: Abba Dorotheos , Theophan the Recluse, Ignaty Brianchaninov, etc.) Well, in the first place - read the New Testament. You will see that this world is not so simple, that there is eternal life. And this is our life - temporary, but our eternal fate depends on how we live it: eternal light and joy with the Lord, or longing and torment with the devil and his angels.
I would also advise you to read the books of Elder Paisios Svyatogorets, he writes about spiritual life in such an accessible and simple way. Here you can download books http://www.agionoros.ru/docs/79.html
Yulechka, because there are miracles of healing!!! Please, I just beg you not to think about the bad!!! With God, with God everything is possible!
If the Lord sees your striving and desire to live a spiritual life, then He can change EVERYTHING! You are not alone, your mommy, your beloved, we all support you!!! We need to show fortitude and patience, and "he who endures to the end will be saved."
And just recently I read a book on this site about a woman who became bedridden, but she inspired more than a dozen people to life! Living is also very good, inspiring.
Yul, everything will be fine!

Serafima, age: 05/24/31/2014

Listen, Julia, what kind of words are such "I'm just rotting at home"? Erase such words from your vocabulary. Yes, multiple sclerosis is not treated with an aspirin, but you can actively live with it!
The mother of my good friend has been sick with MS since a young age, she had a severe exacerbation, about 20 years ago, she lay in bed. Now she travels, leads an active lifestyle. I would never say that she had neurological problems.
Read Eva Marsh's book "Black Patent Shoes. Dancing with Multiple Sclerosis"
Here is her website evamarsh.net The book in English can be found in search engines. Black patent shoes. dancing with ms. should have translated into Russian. In general, there are many testimonies on the Internet, in particular, in English. how people got up from a lying position and led an active lifestyle. Why are you indulging in evil?
Now medicine is developing and they are finding drugs that are beginning to be registered in our country, which do not require daily injections. Register on the forum of patients with rs, chat on these topics. look for information.
Where do you live Julia? Look for "your" doctor. You know, it would be nice to be seen not by one district neurologist, but by going around several clinics.
You write that you and your boyfriend want to take an apartment on credit. In my opinion, your health is the most important thing, and money should be directed to this area first of all. Go to the clinic, do an MRI, expensive medicines may be needed. And when you get better, then you can think about an apartment.
The spiritual component is also very important. Are you baptized? If yes, then don't be a "passer-by", get ready for confession, communion. Do it regularly. http://azbyka.ru/ - good site, I recommend it, many answers to questions. Forum where you can ask questions to bytyushki http://azbyka.ru/forum/index.php
Be sure to check out the website for the seriously ill
http://www.boleem.com/ Very good articles by priests, psychologists.
You know, God gives the cross according to one's strength. You are now in a testing period. Think about your life, your sins (everyone has them), sincerely repent. Be sure to pray, confess, take communion, gather together, believe.
Your father really needs your prayers. http://www.memoriam.ru/ A good site on how to survive the loss, there is also a forum there.
On disputes with relatives of the father - be sure to consult with lawyers.
The most important thing now is your health, give it maximum attention and energy, most likely you will need material resources. On the Internet, look for positive stories of patients with MS. A lot of them. Don't focus on horror stories. Nick Vuychich is a man without arms and legs - look at the materials about him in the search engine and YouTube - the embodiment of optimism and struggle with difficulties. Do not install yourself on a wheelchair, but imagine yourself a joyful, healthy, contented life. Spiritual life - New Testament, prayers, sermons of priests on YouTube - God help you! Strength, strength, patience, optimism!

Elena, age: 36 / 05/31/2014

Julia, a loved one with MS - this is wonderful! Understanding loved one - doubly wonderful! I think you know it yourself.)) But it should not become the only source of happiness and "distraction" from MS. Even if you are at home, rarely go out, look for something to do, work from home. We must drive away these terrible thoughts that we do not want to live. Firstly, even with MS, one cannot know what will happen tomorrow (and there are a lot of good things there!), And secondly, - oh yes! - it is a banality that medicine is moving forward, but it really moves that way. By leaps and bounds. Exacerbations of MS are now stopped by completely different really effective drugs, the stroller is not for everyone. It seems to me that you should communicate more actively on the PC forums, where people have such a rich, interesting and varied life, so many events that you are simply amazed by such enthusiasm and desire to live.

Albina, age: 31/06/01/2014

Hello. My name is also Yulia, I'm 25. I believe that every illness is given to a person in order to understand something, to start thinking, to live differently. Two months ago I was diagnosed with colon cancer. Not to mention that cancer is considered an incurable disease, they still do surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, some help, some do not ... doctors do not give any guarantee. I refused the operation, because in my case, to do the operation is to become disabled. I had to have all of my large intestine and part of my sigmoid colon removed, meaning I would have been guaranteed lifelong diarrhea and my trips to the bathroom would be 8 to 10 times a day. You yourself understand that with such a work of the body, there is no need to talk about any full-fledged life, yes, I would not be tied to a wheelchair, but to the toilet. I began to treat my illness. Of course, she didn’t come up with a treatment for herself, but it wasn’t the doctors who prescribed it either. I found a lot of information, people who cured the disease without surgery and chemistry. Now I not only lead a different lifestyle, but also think differently, and you know, I found the meaning of life, even if it is very selfish, even if the meaning is to cure yourself in any way, but this is the meaning. Saying "I'm rotting at home" and I could, because I just have rotting in the intestines and it all poisons my whole body. I am not God and I cannot say that I can be cured, perhaps now, at this moment, a metastasis is forming in some of the organs, perhaps ... or perhaps not, perhaps it will never happen. I have never had such confidence in my life. So, Julia, read, look, ask - act! The human body is an incredible mechanism, it is capable of much, seemingly incredible things. I do not believe that there are no incurable diseases. I do not believe! And when I heal my allegedly incurable sore, I will be closely engaged in the direction of a healthy lifestyle and educational activities on the topic: "Despondency - death in life."

Julia, age: 25 / 03.11.2014

Hello Julia, pull yourself together! Believe me - there is another life, in God. On this earth, everything does not end there. While you can - fight, when you can't - fight anyway. Love, do not think about the bad, do not feel sorry for yourself, experience every moment! You don't need suicide, it's nonsense. You don’t need an apartment on credit, it’s better to spend money on fighting the disease and the father’s relatives. You have a favorite - which means you have everything. Suicide will bring him pain. You do not rot at home - this is your test, and God gives us as many trials as we can bear. And you can endure everything, Julia! Please pray for dad.
I believe in you.

Volodya, age: 27/30.04.2016

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Incredible Facts

Much has been done in modern medicine to eradicate and cure diseases, but unfortunately there are still many horrific diseases for which there is no cure.

1. Ebola hemorrhagic fever

Ebola is a virus in the filovirus family that causes severe and often fatal viral hemorrhagic fever. Outbreaks of this disease have been observed in primates such as gorillas and chimpanzees, and in humans. The disease is characterized by high fever, rash, and profuse bleeding. In humans, the mortality rate is 50 to 90 percent.

The name of the virus comes from the Ebola River, located in the northern Congo Basin in central Africa, where it first appeared in 1976. That year, outbreaks in Zaire and Sudan resulted in hundreds of deaths. Ebola virus closely associated with marburg virus, which was discovered in 1967, and both of these viruses are the only filoviruses that cause an epidemic in humans.

The hemorrhagic virus spreads through bodily fluids, and as patients often vomit blood, caregivers often catch the disease.

2. Polio

Poliomyelitis, or spinal palsy, is an acute viral infection of the nervous system that begins with general symptoms such as high fever, headache, nausea, fatigue, pain, and muscle cramps, sometimes followed by more severe and permanent muscle paralysis one or more limbs, throat or chest. More than half of all cases of polio occur in children under 5 years of age. The paralysis so often associated with the disease actually affects less than one percent of people infected with the polio virus.

Only 5-10 percent of infected people show the aforementioned common symptoms, and more than 90 percent of people show no signs of illness. For those who are infected poliovirus there is no cure. Since the middle of the 20th century, hundreds of thousands of children have suffered from this disease every year. Since the 1960s, thanks to the widespread use of the polio vaccine, polio has been eliminated in most countries of the world and is now endemic in only a few countries in Africa and South Asia. Every year about 1000-2000 children are paralyzed by polio.

3. Lupus erythematosus

Lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease that leads to chronic inflammation in different parts of the body. There are three main forms of lupus: discoid lupus erythematosus, systemic lupus erythematosus, and drug-induced lupus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus is the most common form of this disease. She can affect almost any organ or structure of the body, especially the skin, kidneys, joints, heart, gastrointestinal tract, brain, and serous membranes.

4. Flu

Influenza is an acute viral infection of the upper and lower respiratory tract, which is characterized by high fever, chills, a general feeling of weakness, muscle pain, and various soreness in the head and abdomen.

Influenza is caused by several strains of viruses of the family Ortomyxoviridae, which are subdivided into types A, B, and C. The three main types tend to cause similar symptoms, although they are not antigenically related in any way. So, if you are infected with one type, it does not give you immunity against other types. Type A viruses lead to large epidemics of influenza, and type B causes small localized outbreaks, while type C viruses usually do not cause illness in humans. Between periods of pandemic viruses undergo constant rapid evolution(a process called antigenic variation) in response to an onslaught of immunity in humans.

Periodically, influenza viruses undergo major evolutionary changes by acquiring new segments of the genome from another influenza virus, in fact becoming a new subtype from which there is no immunity.

5. Creutfeldt-Jakob disease

Creutfeldt-Jakob disease is a rare fatal degenerative disease of the central nervous system. It is found all over the world and manifests itself with chance of one in a million, while certain population groups, such as Libyan Jews, have slightly higher incidence rates.

The disease is most common among adults aged 40 to 70 years, although there have been cases among young people. Both men and women suffer from it equally.

The onset of the disease is usually characterized by vague psychiatric and behavioral changes, followed by progressive dementia with visual impairment and involuntary movements. There is no cure for the disease, and it usually is fatal within a year of onset of symptoms.

The disease was first described in 1920 by a German neurologist. Ganz Gerhard Kreutfeld And Alphonse Jacob. KJD is similar to other neurodegenerative diseases such as kuru, which occurs in humans, and scabies, which occurs in sheep. All three diseases are types of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy due to the characteristic spongiform pattern of neural destruction, in which the brain tissue appears to be filled with holes.

6. Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism characterized by an impairment in the body's ability to produce or respond to insulin and thereby maintain the desired blood sugar level.

There are two main forms of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes, formerly called insulin-dependent diabetes and juvenile diabetes, and usually occurs during childhood. This is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system of a person with diabetes produces antibodies that destroy insulin-producing beta cells. Since the body can no longer produce insulin, daily injections of the hormone are required.

Type 2 diabetes or non-insulin-dependent diabetes usually begins after age 40, and becomes more common as age increases. It occurs due to sluggish secretion of insulin by the pancreas or decreased response in target cells that secrete insulin. He associated with heredity and obesity, especially the obese upper body. People with type 2 diabetes can control their blood sugar through diet and exercise, as well as injections of insulin and other medications.

7. AIDS (HIV)

AIDS or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome is a transmissible disease of the immune system that is caused by HIV (immunodeficiency virus). HIV attacks slowly destroying the immune system, the body's defense system against infections, which makes a person susceptible to various infections and certain malignant neoplasms, which, in the end, leads to death. AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection, during which fatal infections and tumors occur.

According to the 2006 UN report on HIV/AIDS, about 39.5 million people are living with HIV, about 5 million people become infected each year, and about 3 million die from AIDS each year.

8. Asthma

Bronchial asthma is a chronic airway disease in which the inflamed airways tend to constrict, causing episodes of choking, shortness of breath, coughing, and chest tightness that range in severity from mild to life-threatening. The inflamed airways become hypersensitive to a variety of stimuli, including dust mites, animal hair, pollen, air pollution, cigarette smoke, medications, the weather, and exercise. Wherein stress can make symptoms worse.

Asthmatic episodes may start suddenly or may take several days to develop. Although the first episode can occur at any age, half of the cases occur in children under 10 years of age and occurs more frequently in boys than in girls. Among adults, the incidence rate in women and men is approximately the same. When asthma develops in childhood, it is more often associated with inherited susceptibility to allergens such as pollen, dust mites, animal dander that cause an allergic reaction. In adults, asthma can also develop in response to allergens, but viral infections, aspirin, and exercise can also trigger the illness. Adults with asthma also often have polyps and sinusitis.

9. Cancer

Cancer refers to a group of over 100 different diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body. Cancer affects one in three people born in developed countries and is one of the leading causes of disease and death worldwide. Although cancer has been known since ancient times, significant improvements in cancer treatment were made in the mid-20th century, mainly through timely and accurate diagnosis, surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy drugs.

Such advances have led to a reduction in cancer mortality, as well as grounds for optimism in laboratory research in elucidating the causes and mechanisms of the disease.

10. Cold

The common cold is an acute viral illness that starts in the upper respiratory tract, sometimes spreads to the lower respiratory tract, and can cause secondary infections in the eyes or middle ear. cold can cause more than 100 viruses, including parainfluenza virus, influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, reoviruses and others. However, rhinoviruses are considered the most common cause.

The term cold is associated with feeling cold or being exposed to a cold environment. Colds were originally thought to be caused by hypothermia, but studies have shown that this is not the case. They catch a cold by contact with infected people, not from cold, chilled wet feet or drafts.

There is such a variety of viruses that cause colds that It is almost impossible for a person to develop immunity to the common cold.. To date, there are no drugs that would significantly reduce the duration of the disease, and most of the treatment is aimed at alleviating the symptoms.