home Auditorium 7 Essay “The theme of the “terrible world” in Blok’s poetry. “Scary world” in the lyrics of A. A. Blok

Essay “The theme of the “terrible world” in Blok’s poetry. “Scary world” in the lyrics of A. A. Blok

“Scary world! It’s too small for the heart!” (according to Blok's lyrics)
Alexander Alexandrovich Blok is a symbolist poet. They force the reader to think, to think to the end, to try to independently find answers to vital questions that the author asks himself and other people. Each laugh has its own unusual melody and rhythm, which helps us not only imagine the picture painted, but also hear and feel everything that the poet wanted to say. There are no simple words that mean nothing; here every little thing has meaning, without which our understanding would not be entirely complete. In my opinion, in his works it is important for Blok not only to draw the real world, but also to depict all its depth, the essence of our life. In the cycle of poems “The City,” vulgarity and abomination are no longer noticed, souls begin to die, which is scary for a poet who has been searching for the ideal of spiritual beauty all his life. He does not want this process to continue, and appeals to people who have not yet become completely dead in soul.
Blok’s lyrical hero is a knight, the singer of “The Beautiful Lady,” an ideal hero living in a magical world, capable of love, with an ardent heart and a broad soul. His goal is to find the One he will serve. So far this is only an image, but maybe She exists in the real world? Time passes, and our hero becomes disappointed, descends from the clouds to the sinful earth and finds himself in a “terrible world” in which hundreds of the same disappointed individuals live.
In the cycle of poems “Scary World”, Blok seems to remove the iris from our lives and wants to show reality. It hurts him to realize that underneath there is only blackness, vulgarity and dirt, but the worst thing is to admit that he himself is part of this abomination. So what is Blok’s “terrible world”?
It seems to me that for him, the most dangerous people in this world are the “dead” - people who have lost the most important thing in life - the soul, they now live only by the flesh and only for the flesh, “but you have to, you have to get into society” and poison others with poison , because bad deeds never pass without a trace, they are sure to affect many people.
In the cycle “The Life of My Friend”, at the age of thirty, a person realizes that there is no heart. How can we continue to live with these? He is not able to experience the most beautiful feeling on earth - love, since for him it is “snake paradise - bottomless boredom hell.”
In the “terrible world” - the world of the “dead”, nature is the same. The moon, magical and mysterious, is there - “a large disk that filled everything in nature with an unbearable yellowness.” Yellowness means hostility and vulgar everyday life. A man without a heart and without a soul sees the world around him in vile colors:
There's a month like a finger above the roofs of the masses
Makes a grimace at me...
Returning to the poems of the cycle “The Life of My Friend,” it should be noted that here Blok shows the most terrible sin - despair. He is sure that there is nothing worse than despair. It is difficult for the poet to admit that death is happening to him; he does not want to believe that the last sin is recorded in his life, after which life is no longer life.
The devils say: “But in a crowd we are all pure, like angels.” Devils consider themselves angels, is this possible in a world where people live who are pure in soul and know how to love, living not only in the flesh? Of course not! This is the essence of the terrible world, where devils are like angels. Even death says:
I'll open it. Let it be a little
He will still suffer.
Death doesn't want to let him in because it's just a "moan" and not a human voice.
The very name of the series “Scary World” makes the reader think.
“Dance of Death” is a mad whirlwind, a terrible dance. Why does death triumph? There are more and more dead people, the kingdom of death is growing, she does not need to cry, she rejoices in her frenzied dances.
In the cycle “The Life of My Friend,” Blok actually talks about himself, but, like any person, he is afraid to admit that his life is full of “petty worries” and his soul is “joyless and black.” That’s why he writes about himself as about some friend of his, as if not his life, but someone else’s, is turning into nothing and someone else’s soul is dying, but not his own. Everything is so terrible! A person is completely confused; it is simply impossible to live without a heart, because the flesh gradually dies.
In a “terrible world” a person has one path: first the soul dies, then the body, which means it is impossible to live. This world of Blok, in my opinion, is very terrible; the poet perceived the real world too tragically, saw all this abomination, and because of this his own life became terrible. Darkness and dirt overshadowed everything beautiful. Of course, he could no longer see light and joy, and this is why he probably died so early. The “terrible world” swallowed up a talented poet and a wonderful person.
Our life can be called a “scary world”, in which there is a lot of vulgarity and dirt. And yet I think that there is a lot of light and pure things in life. It is only important to see this light among the darkness. Each person should see his own ray of light, not paying attention to attempts to poison the “dead man” with poison. The main thing is not to lose your soul and heart, then you will have the strength to defeat the news of this “terrible world”...

Worlds are flying. The years fly by. Empty

The Universe looks at us with dark eyes.

And you, soul, tired, deaf,

You keep talking about happiness - how many times?

A. Blok

The poetry of A. Blok of the pre-October period is characterized by a thirst for renewal of life, since the surrounding reality frightens and worries him, appearing as a “terrible world” that destroys and disfigures a person. But the poet does not yet know how to overcome social evil, and this ignorance determines the predominance of tragic intonations in his lyrics.

Developing the theme of a “scary world”, A. Blok sought not only to speak out against “bourgeois reality,” but also felt that a person living in this world loses moral values, experiences a feeling of unbelief, his own sinfulness, and emptiness, since there is no replacement for what has been lost.

I break the thread of consciousness And I forget what and how... There is snow all around, trams, buildings, And ahead there are lights and darkness.

Everything beautiful and natural in the “terrible world”, even human feelings, is replaced by the destructive, artificial, leading to despair. Here they do not know simple and beautiful love, but in full bloom “bitter passion like wormwood”, “low passion”, the rebellion of “black blood” (“Humiliation”, “In a restaurant”, “Black Blood”, “On the Islands” "):

Only lips with dried blood on your golden icon (Did we call this love?) Refracted with a crazy line...

Possessing a penetrating mind, developed feelings, and a rich soul, the lyrical hero of the cycle senselessly squanders these treasures and, understanding what is happening, feels the hopelessness of his situation. He appears before us either as an “aging youth” (“Double”) or as a demon bringing death to himself and those around him (“Demon”).

I while away my life, My crazy, deaf life: Today I triumph soberly, And tomorrow I cry and sing.

Man has spent himself in the endless labyrinths of the “terrible world”; all that remains of him is only a shell, which creates the deceptive appearance of life:

How hard it is for a dead man to pretend to be alive and passionate among people! But we have to, we have to get in with society, Hiding the clanging of bones for a career...

In the years of reaction after the revolution, it becomes clear to the poet that in reality little has changed. Does this mean that all the sacrifices were made in vain, the efforts were wasted? Severe depression develops in the soul of the poet, who sees the hopelessness of the revolution and is inclined to think about the fatal cycle of life and the inevitability of suffering.

Night, street, lantern, pharmacy, senseless and dim light. Live for at least another quarter of a century - Everything will be like this. There is no outcome. If you die, you’ll start over again, And everything will repeat itself as before: Night, the icy ripples of the canal, Pharmacy, street, lantern.

The lyrical hero of the cycle is infinitely alone among the evil surrounding him. He has no relatives, friends, loved ones. Everything that was dear to him, he lost and squandered in his stupid life. Fear, despair, and torment settled in his heart, making him anticipate the triumph of evil in the entire Universe. Material from the site

Daylight - away, remorse - away. Who dares to help me? Only night will break into the devastated brain, Only night will burst in!

The theme of the “terrible world” found its logical continuation in the cycles “Retribution” and “Iambics”. In the “Retribution” cycle, the lyrical hero experiences suffering and pangs of conscience from the fact that he betrayed high love and the sacred vows he once made. The poet develops the theme of retribution for apostasy, and in “Iambus” he is ready to strike back at the entire “terrible world” - cruel and inhuman. In this cycle, motives arise for faith in goodness and light, in the future, readiness to enter into the fight against evil with renewed vigor and defeat it:

Oh, I want to live madly: to perpetuate everything that exists, to humanize the Impersonal, to embody the unfulfilled!

And such words can instill faith in a person’s heart, support his fading hope and inspire him to exploits to achieve his dreams!

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"Scary world" in the lyrics of A.A. Blok

All the shocks of his time passed through the soul of A. Blok. The lyrical hero of his works was mistaken, rejoiced, denied, welcomed. This was the poet’s path to people, the path to embodying human joys and suffering in his work.

Having created in his youth “Poems about a Beautiful Lady,” delightful in its ideological integrity, where everything is enveloped in an atmosphere of mystical mystery and a miracle occurring, Blok will captivate readers with the depth and sincerity of feeling that his lyrical hero told about. The world of the Beautiful Lady will be for the poet the highest standard to which, in his opinion, a person should strive. But in his desire to feel the fullness of life, A. Blok’s lyrical hero will descend from the heights of lonely happiness and beauty. He will find himself in the real, earthly world, which he will call the “terrible world.” The lyrical hero will live in this world, subordinating his fate to the laws of his life.

A. Blok’s office will be the city - St. Petersburg squares and streets. It is there that the motives of his poem “Factory” will be born, which will sound unexpectedly poignant even for the poet himself. Before us is a world of social injustice, a world of social evil. From there, from the “yellow windows,” “a motionless someone, a black someone, is counting people in silence,” going to the factory. These are the masters of life and the “weary backs” of the oppressed people. So the poet clearly divides people into those who work and those who appropriate their work. For the first time in his work, Blok so sharply and unambiguously stated the theme of people's suffering. But we are not only faced with oppressed people. These people are also humiliated: “And the yellow windows will laugh at how these beggars were cheated.” And this makes the suffering of the lyrical hero worse.

The theme of a humiliated, destitute person is further developed in the poem “On the Railroad.” The railway here is a symbolic image. Before us is the railroad of life, devoid of kindness, humanity, and spirituality. People are driving along this road, their faces flash in the windows of the carriage - “sleepy, with an even gaze,” indifferent to everything. And “under an embankment, in an unmown ditch,” the image of a humiliated woman, crushed by the wheels of this life, an image of humiliated spirituality. This is the evolution that the female image undergoes in Blok’s lyrics - from the sublime Beautiful Lady to a creature destroyed by a “terrible world.”

Breathing spirits and mists,

She sits by the window.

Peering at her, the lyrical hero wants to understand who is in front of him, he is trying to unravel his secret. For him, this means learning the secret of life. The stranger here is a certain ideal of beauty, joy, and therefore admiration for her means admiration for the beauty of life. And the lyrical hero sees “an enchanted shore and an enchanted distance,” what his soul longs for. But the poem ends tragically: the poet understands the illusory nature of his dream of knowing the truth (“I know: the truth is in wine”).

I've been drunk for a long time. I don't care.

There's my happiness - at three

Gone into the silver smoke...

The “terrible world” is not only around, it is also in the soul of the lyrical hero. But the poet will find the strength within himself to come to an understanding of his

paths in life. His poem “The Nightingale Garden” is about this. How to live? Where to go? “Is there a punishment or a reward?” These are the questions that the lyrical hero of the poem is trying to solve for himself. The image of the nightingale's garden is that world of beauty, goodness, happiness that A. Blok preserved in his soul. But the lyrical hero leaves this world of cloudless happiness.

So the theme of home turns into the theme of running away from home. The sounds of the surrounding world penetrate into the nightingale garden:

Silence the roar of the sea

The nightingale's song is not free!

The lyrical hero flees from this world, because the soul cannot help but hear, and conscience will not give the opportunity to find happiness together. And the poet returns again to a life full of labor, deprivation, deprivation:

I step onto a deserted shore,

Where my home and donkey remain.

But the lyrical hero no longer finds his home; what he lived with before is forever lost. There is no happiness there, in the nightingale's garden, but it is not here either. And the poet experiences the painful tragedy of splitting: the mind and soul, the mind and the heart are split. And with this comes the realization of the impossibility of happiness in this world. But behind this lies the author’s deep thought: the choice was made correctly, since the hero sacrificed himself to duty. And according to Blok, a sacrifice in the name of life is a sacred sacrifice. And the poet does not regret what he did.

This is probably why the ending of the life of Alexander Blok himself will be tragic, since he, like his lyrical hero, will sacrifice himself as a sacred sacrifice in the name of a new life and a new Russia.

30.03.2013 25473 0

Lesson 30
"Scary world" theme
in the lyrics of Alexander Blok

Goals : continue to get acquainted with the features of the poetic world of Alexander Blok; trace how the theme of the “terrible world” is revealed in the poet’s lyrics”; continue the development of the concept of image-symbol.

During the classes

I. Checking homework.(For assignments, see the previous lesson.)

1. What are the features of Blok’s early work and the poems of the “Poems about a Beautiful Lady” cycle?

2. How is the reflection of real life, native nature, and echoes of world events manifested in “Poems about a Beautiful Lady”? (Individual message.)

Conclusion : the lyrics of 1905–1908 reflected significant changes in Blok’s worldview. The social upsurge, which at that time embraced the broadest strata of the Russian people, had a decisive influence on Blok. He moves away from the mysticism of Vl. Solovyov, whose philosophy he always followed in his work, came from the ideal of world harmony, but not because this ideal became untenable for the poet. Solovyov’s philosophy was too categorical, stable and strong for Blok. But historical catastrophes, which Solovyov imagined only in prophetic outlines, were now experienced by Blok. According to Alexander Slonimsky, “the wind from a ‘window open to the future’ for Blok turned into a hurricane.” The events of the surrounding life imperiously invade the poet’s consciousness, requiring their own understanding. He perceives them as a dynamic principle, an “element” that comes into conflict with the “unperturbed” Soul of the World, and plunges into the complex and contradictory world of human passions, suffering, struggle, into a “terrible world”. “Like a man standing at the turn of two eras, Blok was full constant, intense anxiety"- A. Slonimsky wrote about him.

II. Working on new material.

1. The teacher's word.

The theme of a “terrible world” is a cross-cutting theme in Blok’s work. Unfortunately, it is often interpreted only as a topic of denunciation of “bourgeois reality.” In fact, this is only the external, easily visible side of the “terrible world.” But there is another, deeper essence: a person living in a “terrible world” experiences its pernicious influence. At the same time, moral values suffer, destructive passions take possession of a person. The lyrical hero himself falls under the influence of these dark forces: his soul tragically experiences the state of its own sinfulness, unbelief, emptiness, and mortal fatigue.

The tragic attitude takes on cosmic proportions:

Worlds are flying. The years fly by. Empty

The Universe looks at us with dark eyes.

And you, soul, tired, deaf,

You keep talking about happiness - how many times?

There are no natural, healthy human feelings here.

Love – “bitter passion like wormwood”, “low passion”, rebellion of “black blood” (poems “Humiliation”, “On the Islands”, “Black Blood”.) Listen to the poem “In a restaurant”, which also reflects the problem of a person’s inability to love .

There is no love among the people surrounding the lyrical hero of this poem: the lines “... the monist strummed, the gypsy danced and screamed at the dawn about love.” But the girl who embarrassed the hero with her “arrogant gaze” and the words “And this one is in love” feels sorry.

We understand that this behavior of hers is only ostentatious: she speaks “deliberately sharply,” her “hand trembling” is noticeable, and she leaves “with the movement of a frightened bird.” The desire to love and be loved is hidden somewhere in the depths of her soul:

But from the depths of the mirrors you threw me glances

And, throwing, she shouted: “Catch!..”

The best spiritual qualities are lost in this world. A hero who has lost his soul appears before us in different guises. Either he is a Lermontov-Vrubel demon, suffering himself and bringing death to others (two poems with the same title “Demon”), then he is an “aging young man” - a double of the lyrical hero (“Double”). The technique of “duplicity” formed the basis of the tragic-satirical cycle “The Life of My Friend.” This is the story of a man who, “in the quiet madness” of meaningless and joyless everyday life, squandered the treasures of his soul: “Woke up: thirty years. // Grab and praise, but there is no heart.” The sad conclusion of his life is summed up by death itself (“death speaks”):

I'll open it. Let it be a little

He will still suffer.

2. Work with text.

– Let’s look at another poem on this topic, the famous octet ( Handout) “Night, street, lantern, pharmacy...”

– What is the main idea of the poem? (This is a thought about the fatal cycle of life, about its hopelessness.)

– What poetic devices does the author use to express the main idea? (This is facilitated by the ring composition of the work, precise and succinct epithets (“senseless and dim light”, “icy ripples of the canal”) and unusual hyperbole (“If you die, you’ll start again”)

3. Deepening the concept of image-symbol.

The poem “On the Railroad” is directly related to the problems of the “terrible world”.

A trained student reads by heart.

This poem is interesting because it combines the real and the symbolic.

– Find signs of reality in the text. (“Unmowed ditch”, “platform”, “garden with faded bushes.”)

Pay attention to the famous stanza:

The carriages walked in the usual line,

They shook and creaked;

The yellow and blue ones were silent;

The green ones cried and sang.

She seems to be completely real too. But right here we see not just real signs of a moving train (yellow, blue, green - cars of 2nd, 1st and 3rd classes), but symbols of differently shaped human destinies.

– How do you imagine the image of the heroine? (This is a young woman who has experienced the collapse of hopes for possible happiness... “So useless youth rushed, // Exhausted in empty dreams...” And now “she is crushed.” And what - “love, dirt or wheels” - is not important : “everything hurts.”)

But let's reread the first stanza of the poem:

Under the embankment, in the unmown ditch,

Lies and looks as if alive,

In a colored scarf thrown on her braids,

Beautiful and young.

One can’t help but wonder: isn’t this the desecrated, “crushed” Russia itself? After all, in Blok she often appears in the guise of a woman in a colorful or patterned scarf. The deep symbolic meaning of the poem does not exclude such a reading. This means that this work of Blok is filled with images and symbols. What does this concept mean to you?

The theme of the “terrible world” is continued by two small cycles – “Retribution” and “Iambics”. Retribution, according to Blok, is a person’s condemnation of himself, the judgment of his own conscience. The payback is mental devastation, fatigue from life. The poem “Retribution” is consonant with Blok’s “urban” lyrics: it contains the theme of “machine civilization,” “the tireless roar of the machine, forging death day and night,” and warnings against it.

The city for the Bloc is an indictment against the social order:

To the impenetrable horror of life

Open quickly, open your eyes,

Until the great thunderstorm

I didn’t dare everything in your homeland... -

we read in the poem “Yes. This is how inspiration dictates...” (1911).

In the “Iambic” cycle, retribution no longer threatens an individual person, but the entire “terrible world.”

Thus, the poet affirms the triumph of humanity:

Oh, I want to live crazy:

All that exists is to perpetuate,

The impersonal - to humanize,

Unfulfilled - make it happen!

Blok himself said about poems on this topic: “Very unpleasant poems... It would be better for these words to remain unspoken. But I had to say them. Difficult things must be overcome. And behind it there will be a clear day.”

The poet continues to believe in a “clear day” for Russia and dedicates the best poems to his Motherland. We will talk about works on this topic in the next lesson.

2. Task 6, p. 210: Trace the end-to-end images and symbols in Blok’s poems (sea, wind, blizzard). Students choose one of the images based on which they will prepare an answer.

3. Individual message on the topic “Blok’s poem “Russia”. Perception, interpretation, evaluation."

"Scary world" in the lyrics of A.A. Blok

Alexander Blok was a romantic poet not only in his system of depicting life, but also in the spirit of his perception. He created in a fit of inspiration, and this ability remained with him throughout his life. All the shocks of his time passed through the soul of A. Blok. The lyrical hero of his works was mistaken, rejoiced, denied, welcomed. This was the poet’s path to people, the path to embodying human joys and suffering in his work.

The city - St. Petersburg squares and streets - will become A. Blok's office. It is there that the motives of his poem “Factory” will be born, which will sound unexpectedly poignant even for the poet himself. Before us is a world of social injustice, a world of social evil. From there, from the “yellow windows,” “a motionless someone, a black someone, is counting people in silence,” going to the factory. These are the masters of life and the “weary backs” of the oppressed people. So the poet clearly divides people into those who work and those who appropriate their work.

For the first time in his work, Blok so sharply and unambiguously stated the theme of people's suffering. But we are not only faced with oppressed people. These people are also humiliated: “And the yellow windows will laugh at how these beggars were cheated.” And this makes the suffering of the lyrical hero worse. The theme of a humiliated, destitute person is further developed in the poem “On the Railroad.” The railway here is a symbolic image. Before us is the railroad of life, devoid of kindness, humanity, and spirituality. People are driving along this road, their faces flash in the windows of the carriage - “sleepy, with an even gaze,” indifferent to everything. And “under an embankment, in an unmown ditch,” the image of a humiliated woman, crushed by the wheels of this life, an image of humiliated spirituality. This is the evolution that the female image undergoes in Blok’s lyrics - from the sublime Beautiful Lady to a creature destroyed by a “terrible world.”

Pictures of this soulless world pass before the reader in the poem “Stranger”: “drunken shouts”, “tested wits” in bowler hats, dust of alleys, “sleepy lackeys”, “drunkards with the eyes of rabbits” - this is where the lyrical hero has to live. All this clouds a person’s consciousness and rules his destiny. And the lyrical hero is lonely. But then the Stranger appears: Breathing perfume and mists, She sits down by the window. Peering at her, the lyrical hero wants to understand who is in front of him, he is trying to unravel his secret. For him, this means learning the secret of life. The stranger here is a certain ideal of beauty, joy, and therefore admiration for her means admiration for the beauty of life. And the lyrical hero sees “an enchanted shore and an enchanted distance,” what his soul longs for. But the poem ends tragically: the poet understands the illusory nature of his dream of knowing the truth (“I know: the truth is in wine”).

This tragedy is further developed in the poem “I am nailed to a tavern counter.” His “soul is deaf...drunk drunk...drunk drunk....” The lyrical hero lives with a feeling of death, mortal fatigue: I have been drunk for a long time. I don't care. There is my happiness - on the troika, carried away into the silver smoke... The “terrible world” is not only around, it is also in the soul of the lyrical hero.

But the poet will find the strength to come to an understanding of his path in life. His poem “The Nightingale Garden” is about this. How to live? Where to go? “Is there a punishment or a reward?” These are the questions that the lyrical hero of the poem is trying to solve for himself. The image of the nightingale's garden is that world of beauty, goodness, happiness that A. Blok preserved in his soul. But the lyrical hero leaves this world of cloudless happiness. So the theme of home turns into the theme of running away from home. The sounds of the surrounding world penetrate into the nightingale's garden: The nightingale's song is not free to drown out the rumble of the sea! The lyrical hero flees from this world, because the soul cannot help but hear, and conscience will not give the opportunity to find happiness together. And the poet returns again to a life full of labor, hardship, deprivation: I step onto the deserted shore, Where my house and donkey remain. But the lyrical hero no longer finds his home; what he used to live with is lost forever. There is no happiness there, in the nightingale's garden, but it is not here either. And the poet experiences the painful tragedy of splitting: the mind and soul, the mind and the heart are split. And with this comes the realization of the impossibility of happiness in this world.

But behind this lies the author’s deep thought: the choice was made correctly, since the hero sacrificed himself to duty. And according to Blok, a sacrifice in the name of life is a sacred sacrifice. And the poet does not regret what he did. This is probably why the ending of the life of Alexander Blok himself will be tragic, since he, like his lyrical hero, will sacrifice himself as a sacred sacrifice in the name of a new life and a new Russia.

Bibliography

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