Ceftriaxone instructions for use, injections, course of treatment. What do we know about Ceftriaxone tablets and powder: instructions for use. Ceftriaxone side effects

The use of antibacterial drugs forms the basis of treatment for various types of bacterial infections. They act directly on the pathogen, slowing down its growth and development, causing destruction of cell walls and death. Among the well-known antibiotics is, which is available in powder form. Before using the medicine, the question arises: how to dilute Ceftriaxone and with what to achieve maximum effect.

What is Ceftriaxone?

Antibiotic powder Ceftriaxone is a drug belonging to the third generation group. The drug has a wide spectrum of action and is used for parenteral administration (into a vein or muscle). Its bactericidal activity is due to the ability to suppress cell wall synthesis in bacteria. The product is highly effective against a large number of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and anaerobes. This explains the wide scope of use of the antibiotic: the drug is used in various fields of medicine.

What does Ceftriaxone help with?

Without knowing exactly their diagnosis or the name of the disease, when prescribing medication, patients often ask a question regarding what Ceftriaxone injections help with.

The list of microorganisms against which the drug is effective is wide, so we will highlight the main types of diseases for which Ceftriaxone is used:

• infectious diseases of the abdominal organs: inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, peritonitis, pathologies of the biliary tract, cholangitis;
• respiratory diseases: abscess, pneumonia, ;
• infections of the musculoskeletal system: damage to joints, bones;
• diseases of the urogenital tract – both nonspecific and specific ();
• bacterial meningitis;
• sepsis;
• typhoid fever.

Is it necessary to dilute Ceftriaxone?

Treatment with Ceftriaxone involves preliminary preparation of a solution for injection. The drug is produced in the form of a white powder in bottles. Before diluting Ceftriaxone to the required concentration, it is necessary to take into account the dosage of the drug prescribed by the doctor. Only after this the medicine can be used for intravenous or intramuscular administration. The nurse determines how to properly dilute Ceftriaxone in a particular case, taking into account the site of administration of the drug.

How is Ceftriaxone diluted?

Even before the start of outpatient treatment with the drug, patients often have a question about how to dilute Ceftriaxone.

To obtain a solution, doctors use various sterile liquids and even drugs:

• water for injections;
• Novocaine;

The latest medications are painkillers. Their use can reduce the pain experienced by the patient during the administration of the antibiotic and after the injection. It is worth noting that the choice of means for preparing the solution is determined by the place of administration of the prepared drug (intramuscular or intravenous).

When injected into a muscle, the maximum concentration of the active ingredient in the blood is observed after 1.5–2 hours, and when injected into a vein, immediately after the end of the procedure.

How to dilute Ceftriaxone for intramuscular administration?

Having figured out what solutions can be used to prepare the medicine, you need to find out how to dilute Ceftriaxone. Doctors, even before telling how Ceftriaxone injections are diluted directly for intramuscular administration, pay attention to the maximum dosage. With this type of administration, it is allowed to use no more than 1 g of dissolved drug. To dilute the powder and prepare a solution, use water for injection and an anesthetic.

Each type of prepared solution has a number of features:

1. Ceftriaxone prepared in water for injection is not capable of causing allergic reactions. However, this solution causes severe pain when administered: the injection is administered very slowly, over 2-3 minutes.
2. To save the patient from suffering, Lidocaine and Novocaine are used as a solvent. However, these drugs often provoke anaphylactic shock, so they are used only in hospitals where emergency care is available.

How to dilute Ceftriaxone for intravenous administration?

When prescribing the drug Ceftriaxone, the use of the drug, elimination features, and dosage are determined individually by doctors. If the patient is being treated in a hospital, then preference is given to intravenous drip administration. In this form, the drug not only acts on the pathogen itself, but also helps rid the body of intoxication.

To prepare the solution and place the dropper, use water for injection. When asked by patients whether Ceftriaxone can be diluted in advance, doctors answer negatively. The prepared solution is added to a system filled with glucose or saline solution. Nurses know how to dilute Ceftriaxone in this case, in addition, the information is duplicated in the doctor’s prescription sheet. Lidocaine cannot be used to dilute the antibiotic.

Is it possible to dilute Ceftriaxone with saline?

When looking for a means to prepare a solution, patients often ask their doctor whether it is possible to dilute Ceftriaxone sodium chloride. This substance is isotonic in concentration with respect to blood plasma, therefore it is often used for intravenous infusions. It can be used for dilution if the antibiotic is administered by drip. If the drug is prescribed intravenously as a bolus (administered using a syringe), Ceftriaxone powder must be diluted with water for injection.

Is it possible to dilute Ceftriaxone with Novocaine?

Doubting the admissibility of using anesthetics to prepare an antibiotic solution, patients often wonder whether Ceftriaxone can be diluted with Novocaine. Doctors do not recommend using this drug as a solvent in a particular case. It has been established that Novocain can reduce the therapeutic effectiveness of the antibiotic. In addition, there have been cases of fatal anaphylaxis when an antibiotic was administered with this drug.

Lidocaine is used as an alternative. It relieves pain several times better, in addition, allergic reactions when using this drug rarely occur. To prepare the solution, use a 1% lidocaine solution. How to dilute Ceftriaxone with this anesthetic is discussed below.

Is it possible to dilute Ceftriaxone with Analgin?

Wanting to know about all types of antibiotic solvents, patients ask the doctor whether Ceftriaxone can be diluted with Analgin. At the same time, they pursue the goal of reducing pain during the injection. Doctors do not use Analgin to prepare solutions for parenteral administration. This drug has insufficient analgesic effect, so it is not advisable to use it. Lidocaine is used as a solvent with a pronounced analgesic effect.

How to dilute the antibiotic Ceftriaxone?

Before injecting Ceftriaxone intramuscularly (intravenously), it is necessary to properly dilute the drug. To do this, you need to refer to the doctor’s prescription sheet, which details the dosage and frequency of administration of the medicine. The drug is available in bottles, sealed with a rubber cap and sealed with a metal ring.

The breeding algorithm itself is as follows:

1. The nurse treats the bottle cap with a cotton ball soaked in antiseptic.
2. Using a sterile syringe filled with a solvent (water, lidocaine), inject the solution into the bottle.
3. Mix thoroughly and shake the bottle until the powder is completely dissolved and a homogeneous solution is obtained.
4. Takes the solution from the bottle with another sterile syringe and injects it into the muscle (upper outer quadrant of the buttock) or intravenously, as prescribed by the doctor.

How to dilute Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine?

In order for the medicine to work correctly and quickly, you need to know exactly how to dilute Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine. To prepare the finished solution, use a 1% anesthetic solution. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the dosage prescribed by the doctor and the drug used. Ceftriaxone is available in 500 and 1000 mg doses, so you should be as focused as possible when diluting the antibiotic.

To prepare the required concentration of the active substance, you must adhere to the following schemes:

1. To obtain a solution with 0.5 g of Ceftriaxone, a bottle with a dosage of 500 is diluted with 2 ml of 1% Lidocaine (1 ampoule).
2. To obtain a solution of 0.5 g of antibiotic using a drug with a dosage of 1000 mg, dilute 4 ml of anesthetic and take 2 ml of the resulting solution for infection.

How to dilute Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine and water?

There is no point in talking separately about how to dilute Ceftriaxone with water for injection - the principle is the same as with Lidocaine discussed above. However, in some cases, doctors have to use an anesthetic and injecting water at the same time. This happens if you only have a 2% lidocaine solution on hand.

In such cases, proceed as follows:

1. 2 ml of water for injection and the same amount of lidocaine are taken into the syringe.
2. From the resulting volume of solution, 2 ml is used to dilute Ceftriaxone.

How to inject Ceftriaxone?

To get a quick effect from taking Ceftriaxone, the injection must be administered correctly. The place of administration of the antibiotic and the method are determined by the doctor. Doctors give preference to the intravenous method, as the fastest-acting. The elbow crease is often chosen as the injection site.

For mild infections, without complications or other associated pathologies, doctors can provide outpatient treatment. In such cases, the nurse explains to the patient in advance how to properly dilute Ceftriaxone and administer it intramuscularly.

The injection algorithm is as follows:

1. The drug is diluted according to the schedule established by the doctor.
2. The injection site and the gluteal muscle are treated with an antiseptic solution.
3. Visually dividing the buttock into 4 parts, the needle is inserted into the upper outer quadrant.
4. The solution is injected slowly, the needle is removed and a cotton ball is applied to the injection site.

Antibiotic test Ceftriaxone

Regardless of how Ceftriaxone will be administered, intramuscularly or intravenously, a test is performed to avoid a reaction to the use of an anesthetic (Lidocaine). It is done immediately before the injection in the treatment room.

A small volume of the drug is injected subcutaneously and the body’s reaction is observed:

1. If the injection site is not red, there is no burning or itching, the drug is well tolerated by the body.
2. If a reaction occurs, the drug is discontinued and an alternative drug is selected.

Ceftriaxone - dosage

When using Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine as the main treatment, doctors determine the dosage and frequency of the medication based on the collected data (severity of the disease, presence of concomitant pathologies). In this case, the type of disease is of decisive importance.

"Ceftriaxone" is a drug with antimicrobial properties. This is a potent medicine that is used strictly as prescribed by a doctor. Ceftriaxone injections are indicated for infectious diseases of a bacterial nature, accompanied by the rapid development of inflammatory processes within the body. In order for the drug to be beneficial and not harm your health, you must strictly follow the instructions, as well as follow all the recommendations of the doctor who prescribed the drug.

Ceftriaxone is sold in powder form. It is a crystalline, white or slightly yellowish substance. It is packaged in ampoules and is intended for further preparation of the solution. The composition includes ceftriaxone sodium salt. It is this substance that will exhibit antimicrobial activity. Pharmacies offer ampoules with different amounts of the active substance.

It could be:

• 0.25 g;
• 0.5 g;

The dosage and volume of ampoules is selected by the doctor after a full analysis of the patient and receipt of answers to the tests he has taken.

What group of antibiotics does it belong to?

Ceftriaxone is a chemical substance classified as a cephalosporin. This is a third generation drug. Such drugs have an extended spectrum of action and improved pharmacokinetic parameters.

They are the most resistant to enzymes secreted by bacteria. Consequently, their effectiveness will be higher compared to some other groups of antibiotics, in particular, penicillin drugs.

Pharmacological properties and pharmacokinetics

The antibiotic "Ceftriaxone" is considered a universal remedy that helps fight different types of bacteria.

Its effect is due to the ability of the chemical compound in its composition to inhibit the formation of cell walls in bacteria. As a result, pathogenic microorganisms die. The scale of their colonies is rapidly decreasing. The disease recedes, and the person’s condition stabilizes. This antibiotic can kill three types of bacteria.

1. Anaerobic microorganisms. The antibiotic is active against almost all microbes living in the absence of oxygen.
2. Aerobic gram-positive microbes. Most often, the medicine is used against streptococci of various groups.
3. Aerobic gram-negative microbes. The antibiotic quickly destroys cybellus, diplococci, proteus and the most common bacteria - E. coli.

When it enters the body, the medicine rushes into the systemic bloodstream. There it binds to plasma proteins. The concentration of the active substance remains high over a long period. This figure can reach 96%. When administered intramuscularly, it lasts 8–9 hours, and when administered intravenously, it increases up to 15 hours.

The used drug is excreted from the body unchanged. The kidneys as well as the liver are involved in the process of removing the antibiotic. About half of the substance, along with bile, is excreted into the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract and is utilized with the remains of digested food.

Why is the drug prescribed to adults and children?

"Ceftriaxone" is prescribed for the treatment of pathologies associated with the penetration of pathogenic bacteria into the body. Before prescribing, the doctor must make sure that the strain of microbes present inside the body is sensitive to the chosen drug. Otherwise, the therapy will not have the desired effect.

The main indications for using an antibiotic are:

• gonorrhea;
• salmonellosis;
• Lyme disease;
• syphilis;
• bacterial meningitis;
• endocarditis;
• sepsis;
• infected wounds;
• infected burns.

Most often, the medicine is prescribed for infections of the ENT organs - tonsillitis, sinusitis, pneumonia, bronchitis, lung abscess.

The list of indications also includes pathologies of the urinary system, in particular cystitis and pyelonephritis. You cannot do without medication when treating inflammatory processes associated with infection with bacteria in the abdominal cavity, for example, peritonitis.

Instructions for the use of Ceftriaxone injections

The drug can be prescribed to adult patients or children. The age of the patient directly affects the dosage of the drug. The tactics for administering the drug will be the same.

The crystalline medicine is diluted and turned into a solution, which is injected intramuscularly. It is allowed to use water for injection, but it is best to dilute Ceftriaxone with a substance that has a moderate analgesic effect - lidocaine. For 0.5 g of the drug, take 2 ml of solvent (1% lidocaine).

Important! Ceftriaxone dissolved in lidocaine is administered exclusively intramuscularly. It is prohibited to inject such a solution into a vein.

For adults

Dosage for adult patients and children over 12 years of age is 1–2 grams of active substance per day. This volume can be administered once or divided into two doses with an interval of 12 hours.

After agreement with the attending physician, the dose may be increased to 4 grams per day, provided that the patient’s condition is assessed as severe.

"Ceftriaxone" can be used as a prophylactic agent to prevent pathogenic agents from entering the body, for example, before surgery. In this case, the patient is advised to administer a single dose of the medicine (1 or 2 grams, depending on weight).

For children

For the treatment of bacterial infections in children, Ceftriaxone is prescribed depending on weight. Those who weigh more than 50 kg are given a dose suitable for an adult.

The usual dosage for children under 12 years of age ranges from 20 to 75 mg per 1 kg of body weight. The more severe the disease and the more pronounced the symptoms, the higher the dosage. Injections are carried out once or twice a day.

Ceftriaxone injections during pregnancy and lactation

The immunity of a woman expecting a child often weakens, which leads to the penetration of pathogenic bacteria into the body. If an infectious disease develops, treatment must be started immediately before the colony becomes too large.

Particular attention should be paid to your health in the first trimester. During this period, active formation of all internal organs of the fetus occurs. A pregnant woman should not take any medications without a doctor's permission. This can provoke pathologies of intrauterine development. Ceftriaxone is on the list of potentially dangerous medications during pregnancy, so it should be avoided in the first trimester.

You cannot give injections during lactation. If treatment with this antibiotic is necessary, the baby is transferred to artificial feeding.

Can I drink alcohol while taking the drug?

Alcohol and antibiotic drugs are incompatible. The doctor prescribing the injections will immediately warn you about this. Drinking alcohol during the course of therapy is prohibited at the same time for several reasons.

1. Both the antibiotic and ethyl alcohol greatly increase the load on the liver. This organ is forced to remove a huge amount of toxins, which disrupts its functioning. The risk of damage to gland tissue and death of its cells increases.
2. Alcohol consumed during antibiotic therapy increases the risk of side effects. As a result, the medicine is tolerated much worse than the instructions for it suggest.
3. Alcohol reduces the effectiveness of even such powerful drugs. As a result, the colony of bacteria is not completely destroyed, and after some time the remaining units of microbes form a new colony resistant to the antibiotic.

For quick and effective treatment with the drug, you should stop drinking alcohol. Alcoholic drinks are allowed to be drunk in minimal doses only one day after the last injection.

Drug interactions with other drugs

Ceftriaxone is often prescribed to adults and children as part of complex therapy for bacterial diseases. It is important to understand how this medicine will interact with other drugs.

Thus, this antibiotic is incompatible with other drugs with antimicrobial action. This means that the doctor will prescribe only one medication. You cannot supplement injections with any tablet forms of antibiotics.

"Ceftriaxone" negatively affects the state of the microflora of the final sections of the gastrointestinal tract. It is not selective and even destroys beneficial bacteria. Therefore, during therapy, it may be necessary to take eubiotics in parallel. They combine well with cyclosporines. The doctor may prescribe one of the most effective drugs for restoring intestinal microflora - Linex, Acipol.

Contraindications, side effects and overdose

Antibiotics are powerful medications that can be used to eliminate pathogenic bacteria. Treatment must be carried out with extreme caution, since the risk of deteriorating health remains high due to the negative effects of the drugs on the liver and kidneys.

Ceftriaxone is not prescribed for:

• individual intolerance;
• renal failure;
• severe liver pathologies;
• first trimester of pregnancy;
• lactation.

The medicine should not be given to premature babies. In all other cases, it will be an excellent assistant for getting rid of bacterial infections.

During therapy, it is important to adhere to the instructions, since exceeding the dose or increasing the course may cause side effects or symptoms of overdose.

The list of the most likely side effects includes:

• fever;
• hives;
• decreased amount of urine;
• headache;
• flatulence;
• diarrhea;
• nosebleeds.

Most often, while taking any antibiotics, dysbiosis develops, characterized by alternating intestinal disorders. To prevent it, medications are prescribed that stimulate the growth of one’s own beneficial microflora.

If the recommended volume is significantly exceeded, signs of overdose develop. As a rule, they are associated with stimulation of the central nervous system. The patient may develop seizures and paralysis of the limbs. It is important to see your doctor and inform him about the medicine you are taking.

Ceftriaxone analogs in injections

Ceftriaxone is a powerful antibiotic. The injection form allows you to almost instantly introduce substances into the bloodstream, which ensures rapid achievement of the goal. Doctors often prescribe this remedy for severe pathologies or low effectiveness of drugs in tablet form.

Analogues can also be used, the list of which includes:

• "Cefson";
• "Ifitsef";
• "Cefaxon";
• "Hizon";
• "Madakson".

All of these drugs have a similar composition and a similar mechanism of action. The decision about the need to replace Ceftriaxone with another drug is made by the doctor. He will also explain how to use the drug correctly to minimize the risk of side effects.

The history of the antibacterial drug Ceftriaxone goes back almost 40 years (it was first synthesized by specialists from a Swiss pharmaceutical company in 1978). During this time, the antibiotic gained, without exaggeration, worldwide popularity, repeatedly broke sales records in Switzerland and was even included in the well-known WHO list of essential medicines.

Modern therapy considers the medicine to be a highly safe drug and uses it in the fight against various diseases in adults, children and pregnant women.

General characteristics

The antibiotic Ceftriaxone won the leading position in terms of sales thanks to its amazing properties: the range of its effects on infectious agents is very wide, and side effects during therapy are extremely rare.

Being a typical representative of cephalosporins, it contains a β-lactam ring in the molecular structure, due to which the therapeutic effect is ensured: under its influence, the growing bacterium is destroyed.

It should be noted that, in addition to this group of medications, beta-lactams also include antibiotics of the penicillin group. The latter are characterized by reduced resistance to special enzymes - beta-lactamases - which are produced by microorganisms and have a detrimental effect on the drug. Unlike penicillin drugs, Ceftriaxone remains unchanged when influenced by products synthesized by pathogens.

All cephalosporins, which are medications of the 3rd (and higher) generations, are introduced into the patient’s body parenterally, i.e., through infusions and injections. Ceftriaxone is no exception. By the way, this medical product is not available in tablet form, in the form of sprays or suspensions. Preparations for injections and droppers are prepared by dissolving fine crystalline antibiotic powder in lidocaine or water for injection.

The medicine is packaged in bottles containing from 0.25 to two grams of an antibacterial agent in the form of sodium salt.

Pharmacokinetics

The parenteral administration method ensures 100% bioavailability of the drug. Infusions make it possible to achieve the highest concentration of Ceftriaxone in the blood immediately after the end of the infusions; injections somewhat slow down the process (maximum positions are observed after 2.5 hours).

The antibiotic is released from the body by the liver and kidneys:

Pathological disorders of the excretory functions of these organs (liver disease, renal failure) prolong the period of drug elimination slightly.

Ceftriaxone differs from other antibiotics in its ability to penetrate into the cerebrospinal fluid in high concentrations, which makes it possible to use it in the treatment of diseases such as meningitis.

What does Ceftriaxone help with?

In addition to the already mentioned meningitis, injections and infusions of Ceftriaxone are prescribed if the patient has inflammatory diseases localized in the respiratory system (purulent pleurisy, various types of pneumonia, including lung abscess), gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, ENT organs, joints and bones of the body.

Pathogenic conditions that require the use of antibiotics also include diseases transmitted during sexual intercourse from a sick partner to a healthy one (syphilis, venereal ulcer, gonorrhea).

The effectiveness of Ceftriaxone in the treatment of:

• cholangitis;
• peritonitis;
• infections of soft tissues and skin;
• borelliosis;
• endocarditis;
• salmonellosis.

In addition to the above, medical clinic specialists prescribe the drug for preventive purposes (to avoid possible infection after surgical interventions).

A complete list of diseases can be found in the annotation for the antibiotic.

Universal medicine

The use of Ceftriaxone in the fight against so many diseases is due to the impressive spectrum of action of the drug, which actively destroys:

• Anaerobic microorganisms (including bacteroides, peptostreptococci, clostridia).
• Aerobes (gram-negative and gram-positive). Pathogens of this kind, susceptible to the action of the antibiotic, include some types of streptococci, enterobacteria, Klebsiella, as well as meningococci, Morganella, etc.

Some strains of infectious agents from this list are resistant to drugs from the group of aminoglycosides, first-generation cephalosporins and penicillins. Despite this, the diseases they cause are easily stopped by Ceftriaxone: microbes are sensitive to the third-generation universal medicine.

Caution doesn't hurt

Before using a medication in antibiotic treatment regimens, attending physicians must check the patient’s history of allergic reactions to drugs from the carbapenem group, penicillins, and other members of the cephalosporin family.

Such careful approach to the choice of medication is associated with the possible development of anaphylaxis in the patient after taking Ceftriaxone - a sudden state of increased sensitivity of the body, provoked by repeated administration of the allergen.

In addition to anaphylactic shock (which, by the way, is extremely rare), the following complications may also develop after antibiotic infusions:

Localization location	List of side effects	Occurrence percentage
Skin	Edema, exanthema, urticaria. Jaundice discoloration of the skin (in childhood).	1
Gastrointestinal tract	Diarrhea, stomatitis, nausea, vomiting, colitis.	2
Gallbladder	Stagnation phenomena.	1
Body fluids (blood)	Coagulation disorders, changes in the hemogram (leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, granulocytopenia, etc.).	1
Urinary system	Anuria, azotemia, oliguria.	1
Genitals	Mycoses.	1
Liver	Increased enzyme activity.	1

Medical reference books also describe isolated cases of headaches, chills, and nosebleeds.

Usually the antibiotic is tolerated quite easily by patients, but one should not rely on luck and self-medicate with Ceftriaxone.

special instructions

The use of the drug is limited if the patient has:

• individual intolerance to antibiotics;
• kidney and liver diseases.

During pregnancy, infusions and injections of the drug are carried out under the strict supervision of a doctor (especially in the first trimester).

Prescribing a medication during lactation involves stopping breastfeeding the baby for the time necessary for treatment and removal of Ceftriaxone from the mother’s body.

The use of the drug in pediatrics when newborn jaundice is detected in an infant and in the treatment of adult patients suffering from intestinal diseases while taking an antibiotic is carried out with extreme caution.

It must be remembered that combining treatment with a representative of the cephalosporin group with taking any type of alcohol is prohibited: even small amounts of ethanol can be fatal.

An overdose of the active substance is manifested by convulsions and is eliminated symptomatically.

Methods of application

Like any medical product, Ceftriaxone should be used according to the recommendations specified in the instructions for use.

Dosing details can be found in the table below.

Categories of cases	Maximum daily dose, mg	Frequency of application (per 24 hours)	Notes
Infants up to 14 days	50 (per 1 kilogram of child’s weight)	1	The minimum dosage of the drug is 20 mg/kg.
Infants	From 20 to 75 (per kg of body weight)		Ceftriaxone in an amount of more than 50 milligrams per 1 kg is used by infusion therapy lasting at least half an hour.
Patients under 12 years of age			If the child weighs more than 50 kilograms, adult dosages of the drug are used.
Children over 12 years of age, adults	1000-2000	1	A possible dosage schedule is 1000 mg twice daily. Severe disease allows the use of 4 grams of antibiotic per day.

The average duration of antibiotic therapy ranges from 4 days to 2 weeks.

Using the drug in special cases

Clinic specialists also practice the use of Ceftriaxone according to special regimens, namely:

1. Once in an amount of one thousand milligrams - as a prophylaxis of inflammatory processes in the preoperative period.
2. A single use of 250 mg of medication (injection method) to combat gonorrhea.
3. A one-time administration of the drug at the rate of 100 mg per 1 kg of body weight per day (maximum 4 grams) in case of detection of symptoms of bacterial meningitis. The dose reduction is carried out after laboratory tests, isolation and determination of the sensitivity of the infectious agent.
4. Double injections of 500-1000 mg for 7 days to relieve symptoms of sinusitis.
5. A 20-day course of Ceftriaxone in an amount of up to 2 grams per day for neurosyphilis (unadvanced forms of the disease). It would be appropriate to note here that the principles of curing this disease vary: the duration of therapy for the primary type is 10 days, for the secondary type - 3 weeks; later stages are suppressed by two-stage administration of the drug with an interval of 14 days.

Before using an antibiotic, a scratch test is usually performed - using a special instrument, the patient’s forearm is lightly scratched and lubricated with Ceftriaxone solution. The drug is used in the absence of manifestations of allergies - swelling and redness.

Rules for preparing the medicine and methods of its administration
All injection solutions are prepared only by medical professionals in a hospital setting, immediately before use.

For intramuscular injections, 1000 mg of Ceftriaxone is diluted in a one percent solution of lidocaine, the volume of which is 3.5 milliliters. The resulting drug is injected deep into the tissue of the gluteal muscles. If sterile water is used as a solvent, then therapeutic manipulations can cause very painful sensations.

An intravenous injection is prepared by dissolving 1 gram of antibiotic in 10 milliliters of sterile water. The duration of the infusion procedure is at least 2 minutes. Reducing this time leads to the occurrence of phlebitis.

For infusions, microcrystalline powder of the drug in an amount of 2 g is diluted in 40 milliliters of fructose or dextrose (5% solutions), sodium chloride (0.9% solution). The drip infusion should be carried out for at least half an hour.

In some cases (for example, if patients are individually intolerant to lidocaine), novocaine (5 milliliters per 1000 mg of active substance) is used to dissolve Ceftriaxone. This method of preparing a medicinal drug is not widely used, since this local anesthetic reduces the activity of cephalosporin medications.

Interaction with medications, analogues

Ceftriaxone is characterized by pharmaceutical incompatibility with other antibacterial and antimicrobial drugs, i.e. mixing it in the same syringe with other drugs is prohibited.

The use of NSAIDs during therapy with the described antibiotic increases the risk of bleeding, and the use of “loop” diuretics increases the risk of nephrotoxicity.

Through laboratory studies, the increased effect of Ceftriaxone in combination with aminoglycosides has been officially proven. Such combinations are usually used when a patient develops a serious life-threatening disease.

The antibiotic is a component of many well-known medications, including:

• Megion;
• Longacef;
• Tsefson;
• Biotraxon;
• Ceftriabol.

Unfortunately, most equivalent drugs are expensive drugs.

Storage conditions

Like any medication, Ceftriaxone must be protected from bright light and temperature changes. The optimal conditions for preserving all the medicinal properties of the drug are:

• room temperature (but not higher than 25 degrees Celsius);
• absence of high humidity levels.

Ceftriaxone that has expired should not be used.

Ceftriaxone is an antibacterial drug, contains detailed instructions for the use of injections, belongs to the group of antibiotics of the cephalosporin class.

Ceftriaxone has an antibactericidal effect, which is achieved by influencing the process of synthesis of protein components that make up the membranes of pathogenic bacterial cells.

The drug is a universal antibacterial agent, most active against:

• gram-positive bacteria (streptococci);
• gram-negative bacteria (Enterobactercloacae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, etc.);
• anaerobic bacteria.

In appearance, ceftriaxone is a yellowish or white powdery substance, finely crystalline, characterized by low hygroscopicity. Available in two versions:

• in the form of a solution intended for injection;
• in the form of a solution for infusion treatment.

It is not produced in other variants (tablets, syrups, etc.).

The powder is placed in glass vials, which can contain from 0.25 to 2 g of ceftriaxone sodium salt. When injected with Ceftriaxone, the components of the drug are easily absorbed and distributed throughout the body through the bloodstream. Ceftriaxone penetrates best into joint tissue, bone tissue, skin tissue, and organs located in the abdominal cavity. If the meningeal membranes are damaged or inflamed, the drug may penetrate into the cerebrospinal fluid. The drug is completely eliminated from the body in 6-9 hours through the kidneys.

Indications for ceftriaxone injections include various bacterial infections:

• syphilis;
• presence of soft chancre;
• infections affecting joint tissue, tissue of the abdominal organs, urinary tract and bones;
• typhoid fever;
• salmonellosis;
• diseases of the respiratory tract, upper or lower;
• borrelosis;
• in case of infection in case of severe burns and wounds.

Injections of the antibiotic ceftriaxone are prescribed to people with weak immune systems or to prevent postoperative infection in the patient's body.

Ceftriaxone is generally safe for human health. There are only 2 absolute contraindications: individual intolerance to the drug or the presence of susceptibility to other antibacterial medications. Ceftriaxone injections should be prescribed with caution to pregnant women, women during breastfeeding, children (especially premature ones), if there is renal failure in the body, or with diagnosed colitis caused by taking an antibacterial drug.

How to use Ceftriaxone

Before giving Ceftriaxone injections, you should read the instructions immediately in order to choose the correct dosage of the medicine and the method of preparing the solution.

According to the instructions, the optimal dose for newborns (less than 2 weeks) is 20-50 mg per 1 kg of weight daily. In children older than 2 weeks and up to 12 years, the dosage should be up to 80 mcg. As soon as the child’s weight exceeds 50 kg, an adult dose of the drug is suitable for them - 1-2 g. The entire daily dose of the drug can be administered once, or divided into several and given an injection 2 times a day. A more precise dosage of the drug, depending on the condition of the sick person and the characteristics of his body, is determined in each specific case by the doctor supervising the treatment.

Ceftriaxone is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. If the dosage is more than 50 mcg per 1 kg of weight, then it is recommended to administer the medicine by intravenous infusion, the duration of each procedure is up to half an hour.

The duration of the course of treatment with the drug depends, first of all, on the type of infection and the degree of its complexity. For bronchial meningitis in infants and children under 12 years of age, the dosage of the drug is 100 mcg, administered once a day. The duration of the course varies from 4 to 12 days. For skin infections, the dosage is up to 75 mcg per 1 kg of weight, but not more than 2 g. In case of an overdose of the drug, symptomatic treatment is carried out.

For gonorrhea, the patient is prescribed a single injection of 250 mcg of the drug. To protect the patient from postoperative infection, an injection of 1-2 g of the drug is prescribed half an hour before surgery.

The solution for infections or infusion can only be prepared immediately before use, observing the following rules:

1. Intramuscular injections: 500 mg of Ceftriaxone must be diluted with 2 mg of lidocaine solution (1%). For 1 g of medicine you will need 3.5 ml of lidocaine solution. It is recommended to inject 1 g of solution into the gluteal muscle per injection; it is better not to exceed it.
2. Intravenous infections: pure water is used instead of lidocaine solution. For 0.5 mg of Ceftriaxone you will need 5 ml of water, for 1 g - 10 ml. The solution for intravenous injection must be administered slowly, over at least 2-3 minutes.
3. For intravenous infusion, dilute 2 g of powder in a calcium-free solution: sodium chloride (0.9%), levulose (5%), glucose (5%). The medicine in an amount of more than 50 mcg is administered dropwise over 30 minutes.

You cannot prepare solutions and administer them yourself. After preparation, the prepared solution can only be used for the next 6 hours, after which it loses chemical and physical stability.

Additional information about the drug Ceftriaxone

Today, doctors are increasingly prescribing Ceftriaxone to patients for infectious diseases. This medicine is considered one of the most effective among doctors. It allows you to cure the disease in the shortest possible time, while the risk of side effects is minimal. Ceftriaxone is safe and is prescribed to pregnant women (exception: 1st trimester) and children. During lactation, it is also permissible to prescribe the drug, provided that the child is switched to infant formula for the duration of treatment. Therefore, the drug can be considered not only effective, but also safe for humans.

Patients' reviews of Ceftriaxone injections are mostly positive. They note that the medicine is very effective, and already on the first day of the course there is a significant improvement in overall well-being. The only drawback of the drug is noticeable pain during the injection and for some time after it.

Therefore, before giving an injection to a child, it is recommended to apply Emla - a cream, a local anesthetic - to the injection site. This will help reduce the pain a little. If the injection is given intravenously, the pain spreads along the vein.

Antibiotics are drugs used to treat various diseases.

One of these drugs is Ceftriaxone, which is used parenterally to combat infections of the kidneys and genitourinary system, respiratory tract, etc.

However, this form does not suit many people, so the developers of this drug are making every effort to produce this antibiotic in tablet form. But these are still dreams, but one should not despair.

Doctors, if necessary, can replace these therapeutic injections with similar antimicrobial agents in the form of tablets and capsules.

Basic information about the drug

In summing up, I would like to note that along with all the beneficial properties, Ceftriaxone is also characterized by its low cost.

The average price of 1 bottle of medicine is only 28 rubles, which is 10 times lower than the cost of the same dose of an imported analogue. But since the drug is used only in the form of injections, you can always choose an effective drug in tablets from the list of similar drugs provided above.

We should also not forget that therapy with this antibiotic must be carried out only under the supervision of a doctor, because the main thing in treating a disease is to get rid of it without harming the body.