home Diseases Medicinal plants with sedative effects. Review of medications. A couple of healing herbal recipes

Medicinal plants with sedative effects. Review of medications. A couple of healing herbal recipes

Sedative(from lat. sedatio- calming) are called means that reduce irritability and mental stress. In modern conditions, when the intensity of the rhythm of life increases, the intensity of stressful and traumatic situations increases, the need for such drugs increases. Let us consider at the beginning of the article their general pharmacological features.
the products are represented by three groups, namely bromides (sodium and potassium salts), numerous single- and multicomponent preparations of plant origin, as well as preparations of a combined composition (Corvalol, Corvaldin, Corvaltab, Valocordin, Valordin, Corvalol N, Valocormid, Corvalment, Validol, etc. .) A number of combined drugs - the first five listed - contain small amounts of phenobarbital; valocormide contains sodium bromide. Phenobarbital in low doses (20 drops of Corvalol about 7-8 mg) provides a mild and non-hypnotic effect, which requires about 100 mg of barbiturate.
Unlike tranquilizers, sedatives have a less profound calming effect, have little effect on anxiety and fear, and do not cause muscle relaxation or drug dependence. Due to their calming effect, they facilitate the onset of sleep. They enhance the effects of sleeping pills, tranquilizing, anticonvulsants, and analgesics.
Main localization of action of sedatives- cerebral cortex (individual components of herbal and combined preparations also affect subcortical structures). Bromides promote the development of internal (conditioned) inhibition, concentrate inhibition in areas of excitation and prevent the irradiation of the latter, causing the development of parabiosis. The effects of bromides are more pronounced in neuroses. Their effect is more pronounced with pronounced excitation of the central nervous system, therefore, with a weak type of higher nervous activity, sensitivity to them is higher, and smaller doses of drugs are required. In case of neuroses, as I.P. Pavlov showed, the sedative effect of bromides is enhanced by caffeine. This may be due to the fact that the excitation caused by caffeine creates favorable conditions for the induction of inhibition inherent in bromides. On the other hand, from the point of view of chronomedicine, neuroses develop on the basis of desynchronosis - mismatch of the body’s biorhythms, and the combination of the opposite effects of bromides and caffeine contributes to the “loosening” of the pathologically altered biorhythm and the normalization of the mental state, nervous and endocrine mechanisms of regulation of physiological functions.
However, long-term use of bromides is limited by chronic intoxication (bromism), and phenobarbital causes drug dependence.
Restriction of NaCl in the diet enhances, and excess - weakens all the effects of bromides. In high doses they exhibit relatively weak anticonvulsant and antiepileptic effects.
Also, due to possible drowsiness associated with a tendency to material accumulation, irritation of the skin up to acne and mucous membranes (cough, runny nose, conjunctivitis) due to excretion through the glands, bromides are gradually losing popularity. Interest in sedatives of plant origin, the effect of which is quite mild, is growing everywhere.

Herbal sedatives weaken the processes of excitation in the central nervous system, especially when it prevails over inhibition. Like bromides, herbal medicines have a distinct effect on the cerebral cortex, as well as on the subcortical centers of the brain. The effect of herbal remedies, which are total aqueous or alcoholic extracts from medicinal raw materials, is determined by the composition of the active substances. Of particular importance are esters, essential oils, organic acids and alkaloids. Sedative herbal medicines can also have an antispasmodic effect on smooth muscle organs.
Calming drugs are indicated in psychologically difficult situations for practically healthy people to reduce irritability, for neuroses, neurosis-like disorders, autonomic dysfunction in conditions of pathological menopause, and as a mild sleeping pill for sleep disorders. As auxiliary agents, they can be used for epilepsy (especially with frequent dysphoria), in the initial stages of psychosomatic diseases (hypertension, peptic ulcer), and for spasms of the gastrointestinal tract.
Herbal sedatives are generally well tolerated. In patients with hypersensitivity, they can cause lethargy, drowsiness, and slight dizziness.

Let's take a closer look at calming medicinal plants. The most widely known are, of course, (infusion of rhizomes with roots, tincture, thick extract) and (infusion of herbs, tincture). Despite its popularity, valerian should nevertheless be used with caution in those with physical dependence due to the risk of developing a withdrawal syndrome similar to benzodiazepine withdrawal. It is recommended to refrain from consuming valerian on the eve of surgery, during pregnancy, lactation, and for children under 12 years of age. There is also evidence of the hepatotoxicity of this plant.

Speaking about dangerous plants with sedative properties, we cannot ignore the kava pepper (kava-kava, intoxicating pepper, or mesticum, Piper methysticum) from the Pepper family. This plant contains kava-lactones. It is dangerous to use kava for more than 3 months due to the risk of addiction. The plant is contraindicated for liver and kidney diseases, mental illness, and pregnancy. Due to the toxic effect on the liver (concentrated extracts obtained using organic solvents are especially dangerous), the use of kava for medical purposes is prohibited in a number of countries (as part of both dietary supplements and medicines). Concerns about kava's harm to the liver and subsequent legal restrictions in some countries have arisen due to the use of the plant's branches and leaves (which contain toxins), as opposed to the traditional use of only the roots. Moreover, alcoholic or acetone extracts were used, not just aqueous ones.
In November 2008, the European Union lifted a trade ban on kava kava that was imposed due to allegations of liver toxicity, which has since been refuted by more modern scientific research.
In Russia, intoxicating pepper (kava-kava) is included in the “list of potent and toxic substances”; its use as part of biologically active food additives is prohibited. That is, purchasing an extract from the roots of this plant on the Internet will currently be considered a criminal offense in Russia under the article “Smuggling.”
Since 2003, intoxicating pepper in the composition of both dietary supplements and medicines has been prohibited in Ukraine by decision of the State Pharmacological Center.

List of plants with sedative properties, much wider. In addition to the above-mentioned species, the “Encyclopedic Dictionary of Medicinal Plants and Products of Animal Origin” (author team of the Department of Pharmacognosy of the St. Petersburg Chemical-Pharmaceutical Academy) provides the following, far from complete list.

Aletris powdery

Straight shoe

Fluffy raven
Crow's eye
Hyssop officinalis
Kanskora cruciform

Laurel cherry pharmaceutical

Lallemancia Royle
Wild lettuce
Lettuce salad
(kinds)
Chinese clematis
Daurian moonseed

Oats

Perilla bush
(kinds)

Roman chamomile
blue cyanosis
Stefania nude
Unabi

Centranthus red

In some of the listed species (for example, common heather, meadowsweet, linden, stephania glabra, blue cyanosis, etc.), the calming properties are only a component of the spectrum of pharmacological activity. In others, such as passionflower incarnate, the action is leading. Let's take a closer look at this interesting plant and its medicinal properties.

Passionflower incarnate

Passionflower incarnate(passion flower incarnate, cavalry star, Passiflora incarnata L.) is a fast-growing perennial vine of the Passifloraceae family - Passifloraceae. The name comes from the Latin words passio ("I suffer", which goes back to the "passion of Christ"), flos - "flower" and incarnatus (a, um) - "incarnate", i.e. "a flower that embodies the suffering of Christ." The origin of the name is interesting. In 1610, an image of the plant fell into the hands of the Italian historian and religious figure J. Bosio, who published a report “Della Trionfante e Gloriosa Croce” describing the passionflower flower as a visual embodiment of the suffering of Christ. The three stigmas of the pestle symbolized the nails with which the feet and hands of Christ were nailed to the cross. The outer crown of the perianth represented the crown of thorns, the stamens represented the five wounds. The 72 coronal threads of the inner crown were taken to be the number of thorns on the crown of thorns. The spear-shaped leaves indicated the lance that pierced Christ. And the pieces of iron on the reverse side of the sheet were supposed to mean thirty pieces of silver received for betrayal by Judas. This comparison gave rise to the name of the plant.

The climbing stem of passionflower reaches several meters in length. The leaves are on a long petiole, deeply tripartite; long tendrils develop in their axils, with the help of which the vine is held on the substrate. A beautiful large flower with a double perianth. The purple corolla is formed by five petals and two rings of filiform fimbriae. Passionflower fruit is an orange berry rich in ascorbic acid and carotenoids.
Passionflower comes from the subtropics of North America. It is cultivated in a number of countries with a subtropical climate; sometimes, due to its high decorative value, it is found in indoor culture.
In scientific medicine, passionflower was first introduced as a medicinal plant by L. S. Fares in 1839 based on the results of treating patients suffering from epilepsy. Currently, this plant is used in many countries in the form of various dosage forms. Medicinal raw materials are herbs that are harvested during flowering or the beginning of fruiting and dried at a temperature of 50–60°C. Passionflower herb contains a small amount (0.04–0.05%) of indole alkaloids - harmine, harmol, harmane (passiflorine), which can inhibit the enzyme monoamine oxidase. In addition, medicinal raw materials contain a number of flavonoids (quercetin, apigenin, luteolin, vitexin, which have vasodilatory and cardiotrophic properties), coumarins, and quinones. The combination of biologically active substances of passionflower determines its pronounced mild anti-anxiety and hypnotic effect without depression after awakening. In addition, passionflower has anticonvulsant properties and has a beneficial effect on mood during. The mild action of this plant allows it to be used to treat neuroses in children over 3 years of age.
The antispasmodic activity of passionflower is useful for, among other things, spasms of smooth muscles. Passionflower extract provides positive results in Meniere's disease, reducing the frequency and duration of dizziness.
The calming effect of passionflower is beneficial in pathological menopause, when blood pressure rises, hot flashes, nervousness, mood swings, increased fatigue, and sleep disorders are a concern. Passion flower preparations can also be recommended for premenstrual syndrome.
The sedative properties of passionflower can be used in the treatment of substance dependence. The International Olympic Committee does not prohibit the use of preparations from this plant when preparing athletes for competitions.

Alora – passionflower preparation

One of the modern passionflower preparations, which exhibits all the considered pharmacological properties of the plant, is the drug Alora from NOBEL PHARMA. This drug is available in two dosage forms: syrup containing 694.444 mg of liquid passionflower extract per 5 ml (1 teaspoon), and tablets containing 100 mg of dry extract of passionflower herb.

In both dosage forms, Alora is used as a sedative in stress-sensitive patients, with neurasthenia, depression, anxiety, irritability, and sleep disorders. Indications also include emotional disorders in the menopausal and premenopausal periods, autonomic disorders in neurocirculatory dystonia, hypertension, cerebral vascular crises, as well as post-infectious asthenia syndrome.
Alora syrup is convenient in pediatric practice: it is approved for use in children from 3 years of age. The usual dosage in adults to achieve a sedative effect is 5-10 ml (1-2 teaspoons) 3 times a day before meals, for insomnia - 10 ml (2 teaspoons) before bedtime. Children are prescribed syrup 2.5 ml (0.5 teaspoon) 2–3 times a day. The duration of treatment is determined individually depending on the nature of the disorders and clinical effectiveness.
Alora tablets can be used from 12 years of age. Dosage for adults and children over 12 years of age: 1 tablet 3 times a day before meals to achieve a sedative effect. For sleep disorders, a higher dose is indicated - 2-3 tablets 1 time an hour before bedtime.
When taking the drug Alora, drug dependence does not develop.
Alora contains only one plant component; therefore, the risk of developing an allergic reaction is lower than when using multicomponent drugs.
Alora is well tolerated and highly safe (available without a prescription), so the only contraindications to taking the drug are individual hypersensitivity and children under 3 years of age (syrup) and under 12 years of age (tablets). Caution is required when using this drug in patients with severe diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, who may have a nonspecific irritant effect.
As prescribed by a doctor, take medications with passionflower for cardiac arrhythmia and angina pectoris. Since passionflower can slightly reduce blood pressure, if you are prone to arterial hypotension, long-term use of preparations from this plant is not recommended, especially in children. During treatment, as when using any sedative, you should avoid driving and working with potentially dangerous mechanisms.
The possibility of prescribing passionflower to pregnant and lactating women is determined by the doctor, comparing the benefits and risks.
When characterizing possible drug interactions of the drug Alora, it should be noted that when used simultaneously with depressants (barbiturates, tranquilizers, etc.) and ethyl alcohol, the sedative and hypnotic effects are enhanced.

The use of passionflower preparations - a beautiful plant with an unusual name and a unique composition of biologically active substances - is one of the ways of rational pharmacotherapy for disorders that require sedation.

S.Yu. Shtygol, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor National Pharmaceutical University
D.V. Shtrygol, Ph.D., Associate Professor Kharkov National University of Internal Affairs

A person always strives to do everything and this makes him vulnerable to mental stress. The cause of nervous disorders can also be quarrels in the family, dissatisfaction with work, one’s housing or financial situation.

Today’s life is addictive with its rhythm; not everyone can refuse this state of affairs or look at the world through rose-colored glasses. But you shouldn’t start the problem, otherwise it will lead to negative consequences. There are many remedies that calm nerves and prevent depression, the safest of them are herbs.

What herbs calm the nervous system?

Calming herbs are effective and do not cause habituation (addiction), the most popular among them are:

chamomile – has a positive effect on the nervous system, relieves muscle block;
St. John's wort - has a calming effect, relieves feelings of anxiety and fear;
valerian – copes with nervousness and excitement;
wormwood – helps get rid of hysterical attacks and insomnia;
linden – along with lemon balm, relieves excessive irritability;
mint – relieves internal tension, brings sleep back to normal;
creeping thyme – has a mild hypnotic and calming effect;
fireweed - has a calming effect, helps get rid of headaches and insomnia;
adonis – calms the nerves, increases interest in life;
yarrow – used to treat nervous breakdowns.

List of soothing herbs for making tea

In our country there are a lot of wild and cultivated plants that have a calming effect. Consider a list of the most popular herbs used in alternative medicine for medicinal drinks:

The strongest from this list is cyanosis, which is almost 10 times greater than the effect of pharmaceutical valerian. Motherwort is 4 times more effective than valerian, and therefore it is given second place. Almost all of the above plants have a repulsive specific odor, which prevents them from being used for daily tea drinking.
It should be noted that there are no plants with strong sedative properties, since they cannot be taken independently, without medical advice.

For swimming

Baths based on soothing herbs have a beneficial effect on the nervous system, relieve fatigue, stress, and give peace and normal sleep. Baths with:

valerian rhizome (relieves nervous excitement, relieves insomnia);
cut grass, hops and hawthorn (protect against cardiac neurosis);
coniferous branches and cones (relieve irritability);
celandine and horsetail (soothe, relax and promote recuperation);
yaver greens (successfully used in the treatment of neuroses);
peppermint, wormwood and linden (calm nerves).

Recipes for decoctions with a calming effect

Mint decoction. Add 25 g to 200 ml of boiling water. mint, boil for 5 minutes. Take 100 ml after lunch. Mint calms the nerves well and promotes sound and restful sleep.
Motherwort infusion. Pour 5 g. motherwort herb 100 ml hot water. The infusion should be taken for a long time, but in small portions, 1-2 times a day. This decoction has a very sharp, unpleasant, bitter taste, but it quickly puts the nervous system in order and helps you fall asleep faster.
Oregano decoction. 10 gr. herbs pour 50 ml of boiling water. The result is a soft, aromatic drink that should be drunk in small portions of about 100 ml throughout the day. In addition, you can wash your face with this decoction before going to bed. Oregano calms the nerves well, promotes sound sleep, and relieves insomnia.
Chamomile with honey. 10 gr. chamomile and 1 tsp. pour 200 ml of boiling water over comb honey. This infusion can be drunk instead of black tea at any time of the day.

Collections of soothing herbs

2 parts mint leaves, 2 parts water trefoil leaves, 1 part valerian rhizomes and 1 part hop cones. Mix the ingredients together, measure out 2 tbsp. this mixture and pour boiled water over them. Let it brew for 30 minutes, then strain. The herbal mixture has an effect, relieves irritability, and relieves insomnia.
Catnip, Baikal skullcap and valerian in equal proportions. 2 tbsp. The mixture must be poured with boiling water and left for 25-30 minutes. Then strain and drink. The collection of herbs has a good calming effect and relieves insomnia.
3 parts valerian rhizomes, 3 parts mint leaves, 4 parts water trefoil leaves. Mix all these components together, measure out 2 tbsp. and pour 400 ml of boiling water. Let it brew for 30 minutes, then strain. The herbal mixture has a good sedative effect, relieves irritability and insomnia.
Mix valerian roots with motherwort, fennel and thyme fruits in equal proportions. Measure out 2 tbsp. and pour 400 ml of boiling water. When the broth has cooled, it will need to be strained. The medicine helps with increased irritability and nervous excitability.
2 parts of valerian roots, 3 parts of chamomile and 5 parts of thyme fruits. Stir, measure 2 tbsp. and pour 400 ml of boiling water. Let stand for 30 minutes and strain. The decoction helps with sleep disorders, increased nervous agitation and irritability.

Herbal remedies to calm nerves

In order to cure excessive excitability and nervousness, the modern pharmacological industry produces drugs that have a calming effect on the nervous system. These include:

Novopassit– a combined drug that has a calming and anti-anxiety effect. It contains: lemon balm, valerian rhizomes, elderberry flowers, hawthorn, passionflower, St. John's wort, hops and guaifenesin.

Corvalol- an affordable and effective medicine that relieves spasms and calms the nerves. Prescribed for various forms of neurosis, insomnia, increased heart rate, and high blood pressure.

Soothing Herbs from Leovit

An effective remedy “Calming Herbs” from the “Leovit” brand not only reduces the excitability of the nervous system, but also includes: nutmeg, valerian, hawthorn, lemon balm and coriander.

The medicine is available in tablet form and is recommended for use from 12 years of age. Take courses lasting 2 weeks. Contraindications include individual intolerance, allergies, pregnancy and lactation.

Valerian tablets

Each valerian tablet consists of a complex of chemical active substances: essential oil, valepotriates, glycosides, alkaloids, polysaccharides, resins, organic acids, etc. These substances act on the brain, as a result of which the increased heart rate decreases and blood vessels dilate.

Valerian has a suppressive effect on the nervous system, reduces its activity, and normalizes sleep. To achieve a lasting therapeutic effect, the drug must be taken in a course.

What herbs can be used for pregnant women and children?

In first place among all the recommended soothing herbs during pregnancy are valerian and motherwort. They are available in the form of tablets and herbs. The first ones are drunk in a course and taken according to the instructions, and the herbs are brewed as a soothing tea. Recommended proportions: ½ tsp valerian and ½ tsp. motherwort for one cup. And since the herb does not have a pleasant smell and taste, it is added to ready-made black or green tea. You can add a spoonful of honey or sugar to the drink for a more pleasant tea drinking experience.

In second place among medicinal herbs used to calm nerves are lemon balm, chamomile and mint. They are also added to a regular teapot for brewing.

The following types of herbs are used for baby bathing:

All of these herbs are allowed for bathing small children. To the question: should I give a herbal decoction in the form of tea? - The pediatrician will answer best.

It is necessary to brew herbs for bathing right before the bathing procedure. 3-4 tbsp. herbs or collection, pour 1 liter of boiling water. Let it brew for 40-50 minutes, strain, and then add to the bath. This volume is designed for 10 liters of water. If you need a smaller amount of water, then the decoction must be calculated in accordance with this condition. Unclaimed infusion can be put in the refrigerator until the next day, after closing the jar with a lid.

Rhizoma with valerian roots - Rhizoma cum radicibus Valerianae

Valerian officinalis - Valeriana officinalis L.

A perennial herbaceous plant up to 2 m high. The rhizome is short, vertical, planted with numerous adventitious roots up to 20 cm long. In the first year of life, a rosette of long-petioled basal leaves is formed, in the second year a flowering shoot grows. The stem is erect, simple, branched at the top, hollow, cylindrical, grooved, glabrous or pubescent at the bottom. The leaves are opposite, unpaired, pinnately dissected, with linear-lanceolate or ovate, coarsely toothed segments. The lower leaves are petiolate, the upper ones are sessile. The flowers are small, from pale pink to purple, collected at the top of the stem in large corymbose panicles.

Widely distributed throughout Russia, with the exception of the Far North and arid regions of Central Asia. Valeriana officinalis L. is a polymorphic species, representing a wide botanical variability of forms, isolated geographically and confined to certain growing conditions. The main differences come down to the shape and size of the rhizomes, the nature of the leaf blade, drooping, and color of the flowers. The most common botanical forms belonging to the species Valeriana officinalis L. are marsh valerian (V. palustris Kreyer), brilliant valerian (V. nitida Kreyer), valerian (V. Stolonifera Crezn.), Russian valerian (V. rossica Sm. ).

Valerian is found in coastal and floodplain meadows, among shrubs, in ravines and steppe groves, meadow and mixed-grass steppes; confined to humid places of growth. The largest reserves of valerian are concentrated in Ukraine, Belarus, Bashkortostan and Tatarstan.

The rhizome with roots is harvested in autumn or early spring. Wild valerian is dug up by hand. The above-ground part of cultivated plants is first mowed with mowers, and then the rhizomes are plowed out using specially converted potato diggers. The dug up rhizomes are shaken off the ground, the remains of the aerial part, dead roots are cut off and washed on the ground, piled up and dried under a canopy for 3-5 days, and then dried, spread out in a thinner layer in the open air, as well as in dryers at a temperature no higher than 40 C. During the process of withering and drying, the raw material acquires a characteristic color and a specific smell. When drying and storing raw materials should be protected from cats.

When cultivating valerian, selection work is carried out both to increase the content of biologically active substances in the plant and to increase the mass of raw materials.

Chemical composition. Horse rhizomes contain essential oil (bornyl isovalerate), the amount of which ranges from 0.5 to 2% depending on the botanical form, growing conditions (for wild plants) and culture. In addition, isovaleric acid and borneol are in a free state. The sedative effect is determined by the essential oil content (0.5-2%), most of which is an ester of borneol and isovaleric acid. Valepotriates (the sum of native compounds and their components) in raw materials also have sedative properties, reaching 0.5-1%, and alkaloids - valerine and hatinine. Valerian promotes natural sleep. Valeric acid and valepotriates have a weak antispasmodic effect. In addition, the complex of biologically active substances of valerian officinalis exhibits a choleretic effect, enhances the secretory activity of the gastrointestinal mucosa, slows the heart rate and dilates the coronary vessels.

Application. The rhizome with roots is used as a sedative in the form of decoctions; included in sedative, carminative, and gastric preparations. The raw materials are used to obtain a tincture, a thick extract. Valerian preparations reduce the excitability of the central nervous system, enhance the effect of sleeping pills, and have an antispasmodic effect. They are used as sedatives for nervous excitement, insomnia, neuroses of the cardiovascular system, spasms, spasms of the gastrointestinal tract. Valerian tincture is often combined with other heart sedatives in complex preparations. Fresh rhizomes with valerian roots are used as raw materials to obtain the tincture that is part of the drug Cardiovalen. Due to its sedative effect, valerian preparations are widely used for cardiac neuroses, neurasthenic conditions, overstrain, anxiety, excitement, fear, anxiety, menopausal disorders, hyperthyroidism, hysteria, epilepsy. For hypertension to reduce the excitability of the cerebral cortex and reduce vegetative-vascular disorders. For chronic circulatory disorders, pain in the heart, palpitations, extrasystole, paroxysmal tachycardia associated with a neurotic state. In early and late toxicosis of pregnancy as a sedative; with thyrotoxicosis. In dermatology for eczema, neurodermatitis, skin itching, urticaria, psoriasis. For stomach neuroses, accompanied by spastic pain, constipation and flatulence; with dysphagia, persistent cardiac spasm. In complex therapy of obesity as an anorexigenic agent. Valerian preparations are often prescribed together with other sedatives, cardiac drugs, and antispasmodics. Valerian enhances the therapeutic effect of small doses of aminazine, stabilizes the vasodilator effect in angina pectoris, has a desensitizing effect, and tones the vasomotor centers.

Sedatives have been used for a long time to treat diseases of the nervous system. The mechanism of their action is a regulatory effect on the brain - inhibition of excitation processes and activation of inhibition. These drugs have moderate sedative and anti-anxiety effects. This group of drugs does not have a hypnotic effect, but they facilitate the onset and promote deeper and more restful sleep. Well tolerated by patients without any serious side effects. Do not cause addiction, physical or psychological dependence. They enhance the effect of certain groups of drugs, such as painkillers, sleeping pills and others that have a calming effect on the nervous system.

Due to the beneficial effects of sedatives and the minimum of adverse reactions to them, these drugs are widely used in everyday medical practice, especially in the treatment of elderly people.

According to the classification, there are several groups of sedatives, the leading of which are herbal medicines. We'll talk about them below.

Valerian preparations

Valerian root reduces the excitability of the central nervous system and has a mild antispasmodic effect.

The roots and rhizomes of valerian contain many active substances that have medicinal properties such as reducing the excitability of the central nervous system and reducing spasm of smooth muscles (antispasmodic effect).

Indications for taking valerian preparations are insomnia, increased nervous excitability, and neurocirculatory dystonia.
Available in various dosage forms:

tincture with 70% alcohol - recommended doses for adults are 20-30 drops 3-4 times a day;
thick valerian extract in the form of tablets or capsules - 0.02–0.04 g (1–2 tablets) 3–4 times a day;
capsules containing a hydrophilic complex of valerian (Valevigran), take 1-2 capsules 2-3 times a day 30 minutes before meals;
dry raw materials in filter bags and in a common pack - used for brewing tea and preparing a decoction (2 teaspoons of crushed dry raw materials are poured into 200 ml of cold water and boiled for 5 minutes, then filtered), recommended doses - 15–30 ml (1 –2 tablespoons) 3-4 times a day.

A contraindication to taking valerian preparations is only the patient’s individual hypersensitivity to them.
It is generally well tolerated by patients. In some, extremely rare cases, drowsiness, increased fatigue, etc. are observed.

Paeonia officinalis preparations

Indications for taking peony medications are neurasthenia, sleep disorders, and neurocirculatory dystonia.
Available in tincture form in 100 ml bottles. It is recommended to take 30–40 drops of tincture 3 times a day. The course of treatment is long – 3–4 weeks.

Contraindicated in case of individual hypersensitivity.
The only side effects that should be noted are the occurrence of allergic reactions in case of hypersensitivity to this drug.

Motherwort preparations

Motherwort preparations not only soothe, but also to some extent reduce blood pressure.

The herb of this medicinal plant includes substances that, in addition to a moderate sedative, also provide.

They are used for neuroses, increased nervous excitability, neurocirculatory dystonia, as well as in the early stages of hypertension.
They are produced in the form of an infusion in bottles of 25 and 50 ml, as well as in the form of dry raw materials in a total pack weighing 50 and 100 g.

It is recommended to take the tincture 3-4 times a day, 30-50 drops before meals. An infusion is prepared from dry raw materials: 15 g of crushed herbs are poured with 150–200 ml of water at room temperature and placed in a water bath. Heat over low heat for 15 minutes, stirring occasionally. Strain and squeeze. Take 15 ml (1 tablespoon) 3-4 times a day before meals.

Motherwort preparations are contraindicated if the patient's body is hypersensitive to them.
Possible side effects are drowsiness, increased fatigue, dizziness. However, they are extremely rare.

Passionflower extract (passion flower) – Alora preparation

The components of the drug reduce the excitability of the central nervous system, producing a sedative effect. While taking the drug, patients' mood improves, manifestations of anxiety and mental stress decrease, and sleep quality improves. In addition, Alora also has an anticonvulsant effect.

Indications for taking this drug are:

It is also used in the complex treatment of pathological conditions such as hypertension, cerebral vascular crises.

Available in the form of tablets and syrup.
Tablets are taken 3-4 times a day, 1-2 pieces before meals. In case of sleep disorders - 2-3 tablets 1 hour before planned sleep. The duration of treatment is determined individually and depends on the initial severity of the patient’s condition and his response to the therapy.

The syrup is taken 1-2 teaspoons (this is 5-10 ml) three times a day before meals. To improve the quality of sleep - 2 teaspoons (10 ml) an hour before bedtime.

Alora is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, as well as during pregnancy and lactation.
When taking the drug in recommended doses, the development of any undesirable effects is unlikely. Allergic reactions are extremely rarely diagnosed.

In case of severe organic pathology of the digestive tract, the drug is used with caution. Alora has not been tested on pregnant or lactating women, so possible negative effects on the fetus and infant are unknown. The drug in syrup form is not recommended for use by patients because it contains sucrose. When treated with this drug, working with dangerous machinery and driving vehicles should be avoided. It is also not recommended to drink alcohol during the treatment period.

Combination drugs

Most sedative herbal preparations contain several active ingredients at once - due to this, their positive effects are potentiated and the expected effect is achieved faster.

Dormiplant

Contains dry extracts of valerian root and lemon balm leaves. It has a calming effect on the body as a whole, and also improves falling asleep and quality of sleep. Indications for use are a state of nervous overstrain and sleep disturbances arising from this background. Take the drug 2 tablets 30 minutes before bedtime - for the purpose of normalization. For anxiety conditions - 2 tablets 2-3 times a day. Take the tablets without chewing, with water. The duration of treatment is determined individually. Contraindications: depressive conditions, as well as hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. Side effects are rare. Nausea, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, intestinal spasms, and allergic reactions are possible. Of the special instructions, it should be noted that experimental studies of the drug have not been conducted on pregnant and lactating women, therefore there is no data regarding the safety of taking it during these periods. Since side effects include confusion and drowsiness, caution should be exercised when taking Dormiplant by persons whose work involves driving vehicles or operating heavy machinery.

Menovalen

Capsules containing lipophilic complexes of valerian (50 mg) and peppermint (25 mg). Has a mild sedative effect. Helps you fall asleep quickly. It is used for mild neuroses, manifested by nervous overexcitation, decreased concentration, feelings of anxiety and restlessness, and sleep disturbances. Take 1 capsule three times a day half an hour before meals or 1-2 capsules an hour before bedtime. Adverse reactions are extremely rare, develop with prolonged use of the drug, and are reversible. These are side effects from the central nervous system, characteristic of the entire group of sedatives, as well as a decrease in blood pressure, a feeling of palpitations and compression behind the sternum, heart rhythm disturbances, nausea, vomiting, heartburn, abdominal pain, constipation, bitterness in the mouth and pain in the right hypochondrium, allergic reactions. It is not recommended to take Menovalen during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Novo-passit

It contains valerian extract, St. John's wort herb and guaifenesin. In addition to the hypnotic and antidepressant effects of medicinal herbs, guaifenesin also has an anti-anxiety and smooth muscle relaxing effect. Indications for taking this drug are standard - like all sedatives. Available in the form of tablets and oral solution. Recommended doses: 1 teaspoon (5 ml) or 1 tablet orally 3 times a day. If necessary, the dose can be doubled. The interval between taking the drug should not be less than 4 hours. Contraindications are hypersensitivity to the components of Novo-passit, epilepsy and myasthenia gravis. Side effects are similar to those of other sedatives. While taking Novo-passit, it is not recommended to be exposed to ultraviolet rays for a long time. Use with caution in persons with severe liver dysfunction. The safety of the drug during pregnancy and lactation is unknown. When taking the drug, absent-mindedness and a decrease in the speed of reactions are possible - patients should refrain from activities that require high concentration and coordination of actions.

Persen and Persen forte

Contains extracts of valerian, lemon balm and peppermint. Available in the form of tablets and capsules. Properties, indications, contraindications and side effects are standard. Recommended doses of Persen: 3-4 tablets three times a day, for sleep disorders - 3-4 tablets an hour before bedtime. Persen Forte take 2 capsules 2 times a day or 2 capsules 1 hour before bedtime. Taking the drug does not depend on food intake. Tablets/capsules should be swallowed whole with a small amount of water. The course of treatment is not limited. Of the special instructions, it should be noted that this drug contains lactose - it is contraindicated in patients with lactose. During pregnancy and lactation, Persen is used after a benefit/risk assessment.

Persen cardio

Available in the form of capsules containing extracts of passionflower herb and hawthorn leaves and flowers. The mild sedative effect of passionflower in this preparation is combined with the cardioprotective (improves heart function) effect of hawthorn. It is used for vegetative-vascular dystonia, increased nervous excitability, functional disorders of the heart, and neuroses. It is recommended to take 1 capsule orally once a day. If necessary, the dose can be doubled. The drug should be taken before meals with water. Duration of treatment – at least 1.5 months. Persen cardio is contraindicated in case of individual hypersensitivity to its components, as well as during pregnancy and lactation. Side effects are standard. Contains lactose - should not be taken by persons intolerant to this substance. There are no data on safety during pregnancy and lactation. During treatment with this drug, it is not recommended to work with serious machinery or drive vehicles.

Relaxil

The composition and properties are similar to Persen. Available in capsules. It is recommended to take 2 capsules 2 times a day or 1 hour before bedtime.

Sedavit

Contains a complex of plant extracts (valerian, hawthorn, St. John's wort, mint, hop cones), pyridoxine and nicotinamide. Available in the form of tablets and oral solution. The active substances of medicinal plants have sedative, anti-anxiety, cardioprotective effects, reduce feelings of fear and mental stress. Vitamins normalize metabolism in nervous tissue. Indications are conditions of constant neuropsychic overstrain, neurasthenia, neurocirculatory dystonia, asthenic syndrome, stage 1 hypertension, menopausal syndrome, etc. Tablets are used 2 pieces 3 times a day. Swallow whole with liquid. If necessary, the single dose can be increased to 3 tablets. If adverse reactions from the nervous system occur, reduce the dose to 1 tablet at a time. The solution is taken 1 teaspoon (5 ml) orally 3 times a day. The dose can be increased to 10 ml per dose. Contraindications to taking the drug are: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, bronchial asthma, spasmophilia, arterial hypotension, myasthenia gravis, severe liver pathology, diabetes mellitus that cannot be corrected. Side effects occur in isolated cases, they are standard. Persons with hereditary pathologies of carbohydrate metabolism are not recommended to take this drug, since it contains lactose and sorbitol. While taking Sedavit, you should not expose your skin to prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays.

Sedariston

Passionflower preparations soothe, improve mood and improve sleep.

Available in the form of drops containing alcoholic extracts of St. John's wort, valerian and lemon balm, and capsules consisting of dry extracts of St. John's wort and valerian. The effects, side effects, indications and contraindications are similar to those of previously described drugs with similar composition. Recommended doses of drops: 20 drops. three times a day before or 2 hours after meals, first diluted in liquid. The recommended daily dose of the drug in capsule form is 4 pieces (2 capsules twice a day or 1 capsule 4 times a day) - before meals, with plenty of liquid.

Sedasen and Sedasen forte

Contains dry extracts of valerian, mint and lemon balm. The “forte” form differs from the simple one by containing 2.5 times more valerian extract. We will not repeat ourselves regarding the properties, indications, effects and side effects of these drugs - they are standard. It is recommended to take 1-2 capsules 2-3 times a day or 1 hour before bedtime, swallowing the capsule whole and drinking plenty of liquid. The duration of treatment varies, ranging from several weeks to 12 months. If no improvement in the patient's condition is observed within 2 weeks of taking the drug, treatment should be reconsidered.

Sedafiton

Tablets containing thick extracts of valerian, motherwort and hawthorn. Has a sedative and cardioprotective effect. A single dose for an adult is 1–2 tablets, the maximum daily dose is 6 tablets.

Trivalumen

Capsules containing dry extracts of valerian, peppermint, hops and bean tree. It has sedative, hypnotic and a number of other, less pronounced properties that are not related to the nervous system. Does not cause addiction, does not depress psychomotor functions, and does not impair work ability. Used for insomnia due to nervous and mental fatigue, neurocirculatory dystonia of the cardiac type (accompanied by palpitations, increased heart rate, arterial hypertension, pain in the heart), decreased appetite.

It is recommended to take 1 capsule 2-3 times a day or 1-1.5 hours before bedtime. Duration of treatment is 1–2 weeks. After 10 days, the course of treatment can be repeated. In the vast majority of cases, the drug is well tolerated. If recommended doses are exceeded, side effects such as drowsiness, lethargy, weakness, decreased ability to work and the ability to concentrate, and decreased blood pressure may develop.

Contraindicated in case of increased individual sensitivity, cholelithiasis, hypotensive conditions, depression. It is not recommended to use this drug when working with serious machinery or driving vehicles.

Listed above are the most commonly used sedatives of plant origin in medical practice. We draw your attention to the fact that even taking into account the safety of this group of drugs, if you develop symptoms for which they are indicated, you should not self-medicate, but should immediately seek qualified medical help - only under this condition will the prescribed treatment bring maximum results !

Which doctor should I contact?

To prescribe herbal sedatives, you can contact a neurologist. In addition, they are used in their practice by therapists, pediatricians, cardiologists, gynecologists, and psychiatrists.

Sedative effect (sedativus sedative) - a calming effect, relieving or reducing emotional stress without a hypnotic effect, reducing the excitability of the central nervous system.
Medicinal plants that have a sedative effect facilitate the onset of natural sleep, lengthen medicinal sleep, reduce spontaneous motor activity, enhance inhibitory processes and increase the threshold of excitability of the cerebral cortex.
Indications for use: increased nervous excitability, anxiety, sleep disturbances, neurotic reactions, .

Most often, herbal remedies are used as sedatives: valerian officinalis, motherwort (stone valerian), mint, passionflower incarnate, tropical plant of the pepper family kava-kava, etc.
Previously, it was also considered a sedative, and the sedative effect was attributed to the bitter substances contained in the cones and glands of hops - humulone and lupulone. However, it was later found that these substances have a calming effect only on cold-blooded animals (frogs), and have no effect on mammals and humans. However, hop preparations (extract, tincture) are sometimes added to some combination sedative medications.
Sedative effect A number of plants contain cardiac glycosides, especially spring adonis. Experimental studies indicate that aglycones of cardiac glycosides - strophanthidin, erizimidine - have a sedative effect. Menthol, which is a component of the oil, also has weak sedative properties.

In clinical practice, not only preparations of individual medicinal plants are used, but also combined herbal preparations - collections of medicinal plants that have a sedative effect (valerian and motherwort, sedative infusions, etc.) for the preparation of infusions and decoctions; preparations containing combinations of extracts of various medicinal plants: solutions (Novo-Passit, Doppelhertz lemon balm, etc.), dry matter for making tea (Nervoflux), dragees (Persen, etc.). Preparations are also produced (for example, PAX), which, in addition to medicinal herbal extracts, contain vitamins and minerals.

Herbal sedatives

Rhizomes and roots. Crushed raw materials are produced in various packaging; briquettes from crushed raw materials; tincture of valerian (70% alcohol, 1:5) in 30 ml bottles; thick valerian extract in the form of coated tablets, 0.02 g each. Infusions (6, 10 or 20 g per 180 - 200 ml of water) or decoctions (2 teaspoons per 1 glass of water) are prepared from crushed raw materials, their Prescribed orally for adults, 1-2 table. l. 3-4 times a day. For children, the infusion and decoction are prepared at the rate of 4-6 g of raw material per 200 ml of water and given 1 teaspoon, dessert or tablespoon (depending on age). The tincture is prescribed for adults, 20-30 drops per dose, for children - as many drops as the age of the child; frequency of administration - 3-4 times a day. The extract is prescribed to adults, 1-2 tablets per dose.
Valerian and its components are included in numerous herbal preparations and combination preparations containing synthetic S. s. (bromides, barbiturates) and drugs of other groups.
Kava-kava, rhizomes. The preparations “Antares 120” (tablets) and “Laitan” (capsules) contain dry extract of rhizomes, 400 and 50 mg, respectively, incl. kava-lactone 120 and 35 mg. Used as a sedative and hypnotic, and also as an additional remedy for acute and chronic enterocolitis, urinary tract infections. The dose is selected individually. Possible side effects: lethargy, symptoms of irritation of parenchymal organs, allergic and paradoxical (excitement) reactions. Contraindications: acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, nephrosonephritis, renal failure.
, grass. Filter bags contain 1.5 g of medicinal raw materials. The infusion is prepared at the rate of 1-2 filter bags per 200 ml of water, taken after meals, 30-50 ml 2-4 times a day, and in order to normalize digestion - 15-20 minutes before meals.
, grass. Liquid passionflower extract is available in 25 ml bottles. Prescribed to adults: 20-40 drops 3 times a day for 20-30 days. Contraindications: angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, severe atherosclerosis.
Peony evasive, grass and roots. Peony tincture is available (10%, 40% alcohol) in 200 ml bottles. Prescribed to adults orally (before meals) 30-40 drops 3 times a day for 30 days. After a 10-day break, treatment can be repeated.
Motherwort cordial(grass). Cut raw materials are produced, including those pressed into round briquettes; motherwort tincture (in 70% alcohol, 1:5) in 25 ml dropper bottles; motherwort extract liquid in 25 ml bottles. The raw materials are used to prepare infusions (15 g of herb per 1 glass of water). The infusion is taken orally, before meals. Adults are prescribed 1 table. l. 3-4 times a day. For children, the infusion is prepared and dosed in the same way as valerian infusion. Adults are prescribed tincture 30-50 drops 3-4 times a day; children are given as many drops as the child’s age. The extract is prescribed 15-20 drops (adults) 3-4 times a day.

Combined herbal preparations

Novo-passit- solution for oral administration in 100 ml bottles; contains in 5 ml 150 mg of extracts of hawthorn, common hop, St. John's wort, lemon balm, passionflower incarnate, black elderberry, valerian. Used as a sedative and anxiolytic. Prescribed orally 5 ml (up to 10 ml) 3 times a day. Side effects: drowsiness, mild muscle weakness, nausea. You should not take the drug if drowsiness is unacceptable; a relative contraindication is myasthenia gravis.
Persen- a sedative of plant origin. Has a sedative and antispasmodic effect. Rhizome extract with valerian roots causes a moderate sedative effect. Melissa extract and peppermint extract have a sedative and antispasmodic effect. Ingredients: dry extract of valerian - 50 mg, dry extract of peppermint - 25 mg, dry extract of lemon balm - 25 mg.
Calming charges No. 2 and No. 3- plant materials for preparing infusions.
Collection No. 2: valerian rhizomes with roots (15%), motherwort herb (40%), hop cones (20%), mint leaves (15%), licorice root (10%).
Collection No. 3: valerian rhizomes with roots (17%), sweet clover herb (8%), thyme herb (25%), oregano herb (25%), motherwort herb (25%).
Infusions are prepared at the rate of 8-10 g of collection per 200 ml of water, administered orally at 1/4-1/3 cup (for adults) 1-2 times a day after meals.