People with disabilities can find work in Moscow, and large domestic and international companies are ready to employ them.

Modern mentoring and social adaptation programs for people with disabilities allow them not only to acquire new skills, but also to realize their professional potential. They give participants the opportunity to solve various problems - from preparing for their first interview to obtaining a new specialty.

There are several ways for a person with a disability to get help with employment issues. You can contact the employment center or non-profit and public organizations operating with the support of the Moscow Government.

Employment center

An entire department is involved in the employment of people with disabilities at the employment center (PEC). Its employees select vacancies taking into account the individual rehabilitation program of the applicant. Since 2011, they have helped almost 10 thousand Muscovites find work. Today there are about 370 enterprises in the CZN database that are ready to hire people with disabilities.

Among them are international manufacturers of sports equipment, food products, domestic oil companies, banks, and the largest Internet portals.

You can also find vacancies on, where there is a section for special categories of citizens. This includes people with disabilities.

Representatives of different professions can get a job. With the help of CZN, people with disabilities most often get jobs in banking, management, programming and sales. A large number of vacancies are open to social agents, dispatchers, couriers, parts and product assemblers, gas station operators, storekeepers and other workers.

The tasks of TsZN specialists are not limited to searching for vacancies - if necessary, already working Muscovites can turn here for advice on how to establish a work process and begin a dialogue with superiors and colleagues. Here, citizens with disabilities can take career guidance or advanced training courses.

Special mobile teams help people with limited mobility navigate the list of services provided by the center, whose employees provide consultations and select vacancies in a place convenient for the applicant. The mobile center also provides a schedule of trainings and job fairs.

Career "Perspective"

Non-profit associations also provide similar services for people with disabilities. Among them is the regional public organization of disabled people (ROOI) “Perspective”, thanks to which more than 1,200 people have found work over the past seven years.

Today, Perspective offers five mechanisms for finding new career opportunities. These include career guidance, preparation for interviews and adaptation in the workplace, assistance to students and young professionals, work with mentors from the business community, training and employment of IT specialists, participation in competitions under the guidance of mentors from large organizations. Perspektiva cooperates with more than 50 partners, including major international companies. Most of them offer people with disabilities jobs in administrative positions, accounting, law, personnel selection and information technology. Employment conditions and average salaries do not differ from the market ones, but, as in most large companies, applicants are often offered to first undergo an internship or work on projects, and only then become a member of the staff.

“The competition was the central event, but the trainings were also useful, they made it easier to understand the recruitment process from the company’s point of view, from the recruiter’s point of view and from the point of view of the person looking for a job too. I didn’t win the competition, although it depends what you consider a win. I didn’t win a prize, but within a week I received offers from, it seems, nine companies. And my current employer actually called me the day after the competition. Such projects are really very important and useful, because if this competition had not existed, I myself would not have gone to the famous German company - I would have been afraid. Well, plus a kind of psychological barrier “how will we inform the employer about our difficulties, say that we can’t do something” remains. And when there is a hub that brings together employers who are looking for employees and people who know that they can find work, this is good, because it is liberating,” said Pavel Novikov, a consultant for a major international company producing software for organizations.

Participants in career programs undergo training and receive advice from recruiters and HR specialists from major international companies. Mentors and coaches help you evaluate your professional skills and experience, select a job vacancy and competently write a resume, as well as develop self-presentation skills before meeting with a future employer and colleagues. Events for candidates are held free of charge.

You can use the services of the employment center and non-profit organizations at the same time.

“I was interested in the educational part of TsZN and Perspektiva, because they provide training on how to write a resume, work with a mentor, and teach you how to conduct an interview correctly,” noted Anna Dragina (she managed to find a job - she is an intern in the corporate communications department of one of the largest international cosmetic companies). companies). “From this point of view, it was extremely interesting for me to learn all this, so that by the time I left my bachelor’s degree I would have some kind of working base and know how to do everything correctly.”

According to Anna Dragina, the work of such organizations as TsZN and Perspektiva is very important: “When I was studying, my classmates, despite the fact that they do not have disabilities, faced the same problems. But I got to the Regional Educational Institution “Perspective” on time, went through several trainings there, and with their help came to my first internship, and this helped me understand myself, understand what profession is interesting to me, and integrate into this working environment. Because before that, of course, I had never worked and had no idea what work was, or what I might be interested in at all.”

Training and vocational rehabilitation

For 25 years, a Scientific and Practical Rehabilitation Center has been operating in Lianozov, where citizens with disabilities receive secondary vocational education. The specialties that can be mastered at the center are often not only applied, but also creative in nature. The duration of training is one year and 10 months, after which graduates receive diplomas - for example, a painter, an embroiderer or a gardener. Since the center was founded, more than 600 people have been trained here.

In addition, the center offers classes in physical therapy, swimming, dancing and other types of physical activity. Visitors undergo medical and social rehabilitation, participate in vocal and theater studios, attend literary evenings and computer literacy courses.

Similar organizations have been opened in other areas of the capital. Today the city operates for the training and social adaptation of people with disabilities. Among them are a comprehensive rehabilitation and educational center in Novo-Peredelkino, a rehabilitation center for the disabled “Crafts” in Zelenograd, as well as boarding school No. 1 for the education and rehabilitation of the blind in the Alekseevsky district.

Social assistance is an integral element of the state social protection system for the most vulnerable segments of the population.

Social help is a complex of humanitarian services to representatives of economically disadvantaged, socially weak, psychologically vulnerable layers and groups of the population in order to improve their abilities and social functioning.

Social assistance is manifested in the following:

♦ periodic and one-time additional payments to pensions and benefits;

♦ long-term services in order to provide targeted support to the least protected segments of the population, eliminate or neutralize critical life situations caused by unfavorable socio-economic conditions.

Social and pedagogical activity with the support of persons with disabilities is a continuous pedagogically expediently organized process of social education, taking into account the specific development of the personality of a person with special needs at various age stages in various strata of society and with the participation of all social institutions and all subjects of education and social assistance.

Such activities are interdisciplinary in nature, carried out by the efforts of specialists in various fields, but the leading role belongs to social educators.

The structure of modern social and pedagogical assistance to persons with disabilities in Russia is multidisciplinary in nature, presented as follows.

♦ Public sector: institutions, enterprises, services of federal ministries and departments (Ministry of Labor and Social Development, Ministry of Education and Science, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Culture and Mass Communications, etc.).

♦ Municipal sector - institutions, enterprises, services of regional and local government bodies.

♦ Non-state sector - institutions, enterprises and services created by public charitable, religious and other non-governmental organizations.

The main position of the modern system of social and pedagogical assistance is the affirmation of the priority of the individual and family in relation to society and the state. Currently, social and pedagogical activities are hampered by the lack of statistical information about persons with disabilities.

A social educator interacts with representatives of all social institutions, teachers, doctors, psychologists, parents and other interested parties.

♦ formation of humane relations in society;

♦ promoting the self-development of the child’s personality;

♦ providing assistance in social adaptation and rehabilitation of graduates;

♦ directing efforts towards improving and normalizing relationships in the family, eliminating the lack of communication;

♦ eliminating personal and social problems of students;

♦ identification and resolution of conflict situations in interpersonal relationships;

♦ organization of legal education;

♦ representing the interests of students on behalf of the institution in the police or in court;

♦ cooperation with the administration, psychologists, teachers, and other employees of special institutions in the preparation of the necessary documents for further employment or study of children;

♦ patronage of children in need of social and medical assistance.

In the organization of social and pedagogical assistance, innovative institutions are comprehensive psychological, medical and pedagogical consultations, rehabilitation and psychological, medical and pedagogical centers.

In the system of the Ministry of Labor and Social Development there is network of special institutions for children and adults with disabilities:

♦ boarding homes for children with severe mental retardation;

♦ orphanages for children with severe physical disabilities;

♦ special technical schools;

♦ boarding homes for the elderly and disabled;

♦ psychoneurological boarding schools.

Let us highlight the main directions of development of the sphere of social and pedagogical assistance to persons with disabilities in Russia.

1. Development of the state public system of social and pedagogical assistance.

2. Improving the process of social education both in the special school itself and beyond school age, i.e. after graduation.

3. Impact of new interdepartmental institutions (PMPC, rehabilitation institutions).

4. Organization of early diagnosis and early assistance services for prevention purposes.

5. Reorientation of the organization of management of the educational process based on the formation of subject-subject relations of all its participants.

The main line of state social assistance in the field of social pedagogy for people with disabilities in Russia is the shift of the center of gravity in the social assistance system from cash payments to the indication of direct social conditions.

The right to professional rehabilitation of persons with limited ability to work is defined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation, as well as in the Federal Law “On the Protection of Disabled Persons of the Russian Federation” in 1995. These laws define the activities of the state service for medical and social examination and the state service for the rehabilitation of disabled people.

Articles of the law provide for a federal basic rehabilitation program and an individual rehabilitation program for persons with limited ability to work.

An individual rehabilitation program is a set of measures (medical, pedagogical, psychological, social) aimed at restoring, compensating for impaired or lost body functions and restoring or developing the ability to perform certain types of activities, including professional ones.

Within the framework of an individual rehabilitation program, a person’s professional orientation is reviewed, taking into account his ability to work. An individual rehabilitation program is a recommendation and includes both a free part and a paid part (as part of employment services, etc.).

First disability group attributed to individuals who have a persistent and significant impairment of body functions, which may be caused by disease, injury or developmental defect. As a result, the following may be significantly disrupted:

♦ ability for self-service, movement, orientation in the surrounding space;

♦ ability to communicate and control over one’s actions.

Co. second disability group These include those individuals who have a persistent, severe disorder of body functions due to illness or traumatic developmental defects.

Impaired health leads to limited opportunities for learning, work, and self-care. For adults, the establishment of a second disability group due to learning difficulties is assumed in cases where these difficulties are associated with some other limitations in life activity and movement. For children this combination is not required.

Third disability group is assigned if, as a result of diseases, injuries or developmental defects, there is a persistent, but slightly or moderately expressed disorder of body functions, leading to some limitation of life activity.

Disabled people of the second and third groups can study and work.

For children and adolescents with developmental disabilities who have a future disability, career guidance and career counseling work begins during school, despite the dependence of the content and method of career guidance on the nature and severity of the disorder. There are general patterns in the organization of such work.

To identify external and internal factors on which the ability of a person with limited ability to work depends on a particular activity, it is necessary:

1) establish the nature and severity of disorders of various body systems, individual and psychophysiological characteristics;

2) determine the types of work available to adolescents or adults;

3) identify his personal interests and inclinations in his activity or profession;

4) identify what mental and physical capacity is;

5) determine the state of the emotional-volitional, sensorimotor, and intellectual spheres;

6) establish how developed speech and communication skills are, significant for professional development.

For an adult, it is important to determine the nature of changes in a person’s psychological and social status associated with illness, injury or developmental disorders.

Awareness of the presence of a developmental disorder and associated limitations leads to inadequate self-esteem, mental vulnerability, marginalization and limited communication with others. Negative stereotypes of social interaction are determined when communicating with peers or adults who emphasize the inferiority of a person with disabilities.

Disability in adulthood causes psychological trauma because a person has to change his environment, lifestyle, and social circle; increasing his dependence on others, changing his work activity can cause moral and material damage.

The choice of a profession at school age must be carried out especially skillfully, and there is a system of vacancies for students.

Depending on the nature and severity of the impairment, a person with limited ability to work can receive various types of vocational education: from primary to higher vocational education.

If there is an intellectual standard, persons with limited ability to work have equal opportunities to study in higher and secondary vocational educational institutions.

Thus, in this paragraph of the lecture plan, the main systems of assistance to persons with disabilities in our country were considered, their detailed characteristics were given and a network of special institutions for children and adults with disabilities was outlined.

Disabled people Disabled people with spinal injuries, lower limb amputations, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, people with limited vision, hearing impairment, mental illness, etc. It is not the person’s fault that he was born or became exactly this way. It is not his fault that he cannot always work and provide for himself. The way of life of disabled people is to take daily medications that help support the body’s vital functions, but do not cure diseases.

Causes of disability Disability is not always a congenital condition or heredity. Most often, the cause is an accident: in countries where there has recently been a war, children are maimed by mines left in the ground. Failure to comply with safety regulations at work causes injuries. It happens that people fall and break their legs. Thus, everyday activities and work activities can cause ill health and even disability.

We advise you to remember! Disability is any limitation or inability to carry out any activity within the limits considered normal for a person. International Day of Persons with Disabilities is celebrated annually on December 3.

Disabled people Disabled people are the same as all people, although with their own characteristics. Who doesn't have them?! It is necessary that people with disabilities study and work together with ordinary people. They need understanding and equality. What difficulties do people with disabilities face in everyday life? What helps you overcome them?

According to official statistics, about 10 million people with disabilities live in Russia. There are about 12 thousand deaf-blind children, that is, both blind and deaf at the same time, in Russia. Among children studying in schools for the blind, about 80% are visually impaired from birth, about 1% lost their sight as a result of accidents, and the rest are visually impaired. Disabled people

Help for people with disabilities The state helps people with disabilities as best it can. For example, in a number of cities there are special buses with yellow-green stripes on the sides that transport disabled people of groups 1 and 2 for free. The state provides medical assistance to disabled people. All regions of the country are trying to provide education for disabled children who need home schooling.

In our country there are many enterprises that produce high-quality products and employ people with disabilities. What problems do visually impaired people face in everyday life? What devices help overcome them? How can you help visually impaired people solve their problems? Help for people with disabilities

Pilot Alexey Maresyev was seriously injured during the Great Patriotic War, as a result of which his legs were amputated to the knees. Despite his disability, he still returned to the regiment and flew with prosthetics. Before being wounded he shot down four German planes, and after being wounded seven more. Outstanding Achievements

Interesting facts In Veliky Novgorod, for almost 30 years there has been a unique theater “Gesture”, which unites actors who are hearing impaired and wheelchair users. The unusual troupe includes people aged 7 years and older. The unique Novgorod theater has repeatedly become a laureate of international, all-Russian and regional festivals, and has been awarded several prestigious awards.

Let's summarize Disability is not always heredity or an innate trait. The cause of disability can be a person's daily activities and work activities. It is very important in our daily life to be attentive to the problems of people with disabilities.

Test your knowledge Explain the meaning of the words “disabled”, “disability”. Name the causes of disability. If disabled people are people with disabilities, then how can they set Olympic records? If you were the leaders of the state, what measures would you propose to improve the lives of people with disabilities?

Homework 1. Go around the surrounding houses and streets to see what is suitable for disabled people and what is not. How would you redesign awkward spaces? Formulate your proposals. 2. What assistance is provided to people with disabilities in our country? What about in foreign countries? When preparing, use materials from newspapers, magazines, and the Internet.

In 2016, charitable organizations with the support of Megafon implemented 25 projects with a total budget of about 45 million rubles, aimed at helping more than 15,000 children and adults with disabilities in all regions of Russia.

We believe that people with disabilities are equal members of society, and the only thing they need is the creation of equal opportunities for life and self-realization in the urban environment, in work and study, in hobbies and interests. Our goal is to help create such conditions and destroy established stereotypes about the life and abilities of people with disabilities,” comments Yulia Ganina, head of corporate communications and charity at Megafon.

By helping to overcome barriers in interaction with society, Megafon contributes to solving the problem of lack of communication and social contacts, inaccessibility of education, mass sports, culture and art, as well as difficulties with employment. Helping to overcome infrastructure barriers, the operator promotes the development of special technologies and services to eliminate the digital divide, creating special information portals and services, organizing telethons and providing short numbers for fundraising.

One of the most effective ways of self-realization for people with disabilities is playing sports and participating in sports competitions, which help create additional motivation and desire to win, significantly improving the overall quality of life. That is why Megafon actively supports the development of adaptive physical education and Paralympic sports for amateurs and professionals. Thus, since 2006, the international level wheelchair tennis tournament MegaFon Dream Cup has been held, thanks to which wheelchair athletes can gain rating points in international rankings and achieve new successes on the world stage. Since 2011, the company has been the general partner of the country's sledge hockey team, and also supports the Russian Boccia Federation and boccia sections in different cities of the country.

In addition to sports projects, Megafon implements a number of programs for the social and everyday adaptation of children and adults. The operator helps create films with audio commentary and subtitles and special books for the visually impaired, provides additional opportunities for education and employment, supports talented children with disabilities, creates schools and clubs to develop creative skills, and organizes special interactive summer camps with the support of hundreds of volunteers and experts in all over the country.

Another important area of ​​Megafon’s work over the years is the Barrier-Free Environment program, aimed at raising people’s awareness of the problems faced by people with disabilities. The operator has developed special tariffs for subscribers with hearing impairments, and also created an adapted website for people with low vision. Since 2015, two programs have been operating in the Ural region aimed at organizing the work of a dispatch service with professional interpreters for the hearing impaired and at increasing the social and business activity of the visually impaired.

Megafon also supports a number of projects aimed at creating favorable conditions in places of long-term treatment of seriously ill children, and provides short numbers to attract finance for the treatment of seriously ill children.

Selected Megafon social projects to support people with disabilities in 2016:

Development of boccia in Russia:

Boccia is one of the few sports that allows athletes with the most severe forms of cerebral palsy and other disabilities to express themselves. Thanks to joint projects "Megaphone" with the Boccia Federation of Russia, the Kalmyk regional social and sports public organization "Overcoming", the Khabarovsk regional physical culture and sports club for the disabled and the Udmurt Republican public organization of the disabled "Blago", about 1,500 children and adults in Moscow, Tula, Kalmykia, Udmurtia and the Far East discovered this sport.

Sports together. For real:

The project is aimed at social adaptation and physical development of schoolchildren with disabilitieshealth opportunities through participation in inclusive sports activities with peers without disabilities and promoting equal opportunities for sports for everyone. In the first half of 2016, the project covered 678 children from 23 schools in 6 cities (Khimki and Kotelniki in the Moscow region, Nizhny Novgorod, Ufa, Syktyvkar and Yakutsk), including 452 children with disabilities and 226 without disabilities. Hundreds of additional physical education lessons were held, six shifts of children's inclusive sports camps and major festivals and parasports days were organized.

MegaFon DreamCup:

The largest international wheelchair tennis tournament of category ITF 2 in Russia with a prize fund of $ 18,000. Held in St. Petersburg annually for 11 years, since 2011 it has become professional and was included in the official tournament calendar of the International Tennis Federation ITF. In 2016, 63 athletes from 13 countries took part in the tournament (including players from Korea and China for the first time)

Support for the Russian national sledge hockey team:

Megafon has been the general partner of the Russian national team since 2010. In 2016, the team won the European Championship in Sweden.

Sport for good:

A joint project with the Downside Up charity foundation helps create swimming opportunities for children with Down syndrome in Nizhny Novgorod, Ufa and Yaroslavl, which benefits the children’s physical and intellectual development.

Communication and creativity clubs:

The project helped create a unifying inclusive space for communication, practicing everyday skills, creative arts and sports, hippotherapy and canister therapy for 457 children and young people from 3 to 21 years old with special needs in 10 cities of Russia - from Kaliningrad to Ulan-Ude.

Cinema for the blind and deaf:

Megafon helps produce Russian films for family audiences with special audio commentaries and subtitles, allowing tens of thousands of people with visual and hearing impairments throughout Russia to “see” and “hear” the films.

TObottoms as a gift:

Megafon helps produce sets of educational books from the Atlas of Perception of Illustrations series for blind and visually impaired children from 50 orphanages and boarding schools in 30 cities of Russia.

School "Flowers of Life":

As part of the project, a permanent school has been created and is functioning for social adaptation, training and development of professional and creative skills of children with disabilities.

Working, we earn:

The project made it possible to organize permanent and temporary employment in sewing, carpentry and weaving workshops on the basis of the Center for Social and Labor Adaptation of Disabled People "Master OK" for 85 young people with developmental disabilities aged 18 years and over.

Multicenter:

Thanks to the project, young people with disabilities aged 16 to 28 years old received vocational training at the center for social and labor integration in the Leningrad region and can now get a job in the hotel business.

Resource classes for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD):

Moscow first-graders with ASD are trained in the “Ark” and “Inclusive Molecule” resource classes. An inclusive approach allows children to study in a regular class at a Moscow school and study with a tutor according to an individual program.

Together we can do anything:

Together with the Udmurt branch of the All-Russian Society of the Deaf, a professional dispatch service of 10 sign language interpreters has been organized, which can be used by about 2,000 hearing-impaired people from the Udmurt Republic.

School of Inclusion Masters: Multimobility.

More than 2,000 visually impaired people from 8 Ural cities attended urban orientation lessons with multimedia aids and tactile-sound maps, organized with the support of 13 specialists and 200 volunteers.

Together we can do everything:

Supporting seriously ill children and organizing their treatment through charity telethons. In the seven years since its launch, the project has helped pay for treatment for 700 children.

Short numbers for fundraising:

For seven years in a row, Megafon has provided its short numbers to organize fundraising to help seriously ill children throughout the country.