Consequences of cervical rupture after childbirth. Pregnancy after cervical rupture. Cervical ruptures: possible consequences of this phenomenon

The cervix plays a very important role in the birth process. In fact, the beginning of the second stage of labor - pushing - depends on its opening. During contractions (when the muscles of the uterus actively contract), a uterine os (circle) forms on the cervix, through which the fetus will move out of the uterus. The diameter of this circle should reach 10-12 cm, and only after this the woman enters the second stage of labor: she begins to push and “push out” the fetus.

In practice, everything can go wrong. Attempts come, but the cervix is ​​not dilated. If a woman begins to push, the cervix naturally cannot withstand the pressure and ruptures. This is precisely the most common cause of ruptures, which is why many doctors claim that mothers themselves are to blame for the fact that the cervix breaks. You need to push according to the instructions of the medical staff. But is everything really like that? Let's figure it out.

Causes of cervical rupture

There are several reasons for this birth pathology. At the same time, observations show that most often ruptures occur in primiparas, and they can be of varying degrees (there are 3 degrees of ruptures), spontaneous and violent (as a result of surgery).

So, the reasons:

• premature attempts when the cervix has not opened to the desired size;
• decreased elasticity of the cervix;
• women;
• cervical surgery;
• presence of scars after abortion or childbirth;
• infections in the uterus;
• childbirth in ;
• surgical delivery with forceps, etc.

It cannot be said that in all these cases cervical ruptures necessarily occur. Most often, the cervix ruptures if several factors are present at the same time. For example, large fetus and incomplete dilation. In any case, the phenomenon, although unpleasant, is often inevitable. According to some data, in 50% of cases, childbirth ends in ruptures of both the perineum and the cervix.

Possible consequences

The consequences of this pathology depend primarily on the severity of the rupture and the assistance provided. Diagnosing a cervical rupture is quite simple. Usually, if it occurs, the woman begins to bleed, but not always. In modern maternity hospitals, every woman is examined; with the help of mirrors, doctors detect postpartum pathologies on the cervix. Any ruptures (complicated or not) are sutured with Kedgood. These seams do not require special care. You just need to abstain from sexual relations for 2 months.

If the sutures are applied incorrectly (or a cervical rupture is not detected), then the woman faces very unpleasant consequences. The vaginal and uterine area may become inflamed; a damaged and improperly healed cervix may not be able to withstand subsequent births and even pregnancies, resulting in miscarriages or.

Well, the most dangerous complication of an unsutured rupture is cervical inversion, which in the future can even cause cancer.

Prevention

The main prevention of cervical ruptures is the correct course of labor, which largely depends on the woman in labor. Doctors strongly recommend listening to your body and the advice of obstetricians. At the beginning of labor, it is important to withstand the first periods of pushing until full dilation (that is, do not push) and breathe correctly.

Also, for prevention, it is recommended to use antispasmodic drugs that will facilitate the dilation of the cervix, if necessary, anesthetize labor, and most importantly, try to anticipate possible incarceration of the cervix.

Have an easy birth without any ruptures!

Especially for- Tanya Kivezhdiy

Traumatic disruption of the integrity of the walls of an organ during childbirth or invasive interventions. It manifests itself as bleeding of varying intensity with the release of bright scarlet blood in the pushing and early afterbirth periods. Inspection of the cervical walls using wide mirrors is of primary importance for diagnosis. If a rupture is detected, surgical intervention is indicated, the extent of which is determined by the degree of damage and associated complications. Usually the cervix is ​​sutured through a vaginal approach. If the rupture extends to the walls of the uterus or a hematoma is detected in the parametrial tissue, abdominal surgery is performed.

General information

Most primiparas experience lateral tears (cracks) in the edges of the external uterine os, the size of which does not exceed 1 cm. Such injuries are not pathological, are accompanied by a small amount of bleeding and do not require suturing. After their healing, the external os of the uterus becomes slit-like, which indicates a previous birth. Trauma to the cervix with a rupture of more than a centimeter, according to various sources, is observed in 6-15% of births and is one of the most common obstetric injuries. It usually occurs in women giving birth for the first time, much less often in multiparous women. Since an undiagnosed rupture is the cause of many gynecological diseases, all postpartum women are advised to undergo a special examination to exclude this pathology.

Causes of cervical rupture

There are several groups of factors that can cause such trauma to the birth canal. The risk of damage to the cervix during childbirth increases significantly with rigidity or loosening of its tissues, which can result from:

• Inflammatory diseases. In chronic cervicitis, the connective tissue stroma of the organ is infiltrated and compacted, which impairs the opening of the uterine pharynx.
• Age-related changes. In primigravidas over 30 years of age, the number of elastic fibers in the cervical tissues decreases, which reduces their tensile strength.
• Scar deformity. Tissue extensibility worsens due to the formation of connective tissue scars after previous ruptures and therapeutic manipulations (diathermocoagulation, cryodestruction, laser vaporization, conization, etc.).
• Cervical dystocia. Due to discoordinated labor, the edges of the organ, instead of smoothing and relaxing, thicken, become thick and rigid.
• Placenta previa. Attachment and development of the baby's place in the lower uterine segment and pharynx area leads to loosening of the cervical tissue, which increases the risk of rupture.
• Rapid labor. During vigorous labor, the fetus passes through an insufficiently smoothed and dilated cervix, injuring the edges of its pharynx.
• Incomplete opening of the throat. Problems with cervical effacement can occur with weak labor, insufficient volume or premature rupture of amniotic fluid. The organ is also damaged when pushing until it is fully dilated.
• Tissue hypoxia. The strength of the cervix decreases when its nutrition is disrupted due to prolonged compression between the baby’s head and the bone ring. This condition occurs more often in women giving birth with a narrow pelvis.

The likelihood of injury also increases with excessive loads on the edges of the external pharynx. The following can lead to rupture:

• Childbirth with a large fetus. The head circumference of a child weighing more than 4 kg in most cases exceeds the size to which the external os can stretch. A similar situation occurs when a child is born with hydrocephalus.
• Extensor position of the fetus. In such cases, not only is the physiological mechanism of childbirth disrupted or it becomes impossible, but the birth canal is also more often injured.
• Surgical procedures. The cervix is ​​damaged when applying obstetric forceps, using a vacuum extractor, removing the child by the pelvic end, etc. Outside childbirth, ruptures can be observed during rough invasive manipulations.

Pathogenesis

The mechanism of traumatic injury to the cervix is ​​based on a discrepancy between the tissue's ability to stretch and the significant stresses that occur during childbirth. At first, the elastic fibers cope well with forces generated by the fetal head, obstetric instruments, or the obstetrician's hand. When overstretched, the tissue becomes thinner, and the blood vessels that feed it become pinched. Hypoxia occurs, leading to the development of degenerative processes. Ultimately, tissue integrity is compromised.

The rupture is usually radial and longitudinal, less often - stellate. In some cases, necrosis is so severe that it is accompanied by complete rejection of the anterior lip. If significant loads are applied to the unprepared cervix, a complete circular separation of its vaginal part is possible. In some cases, with late spontaneous abortions and premature births, a so-called “central” gap is observed with the formation of a false tract in the posterior wall of the cervix with a diameter of 1.5-2.0 cm above the intact external os.

Classification

When assessing the type and characteristics of damage, the mechanism of its formation, size and presence of complications are taken into account. Depending on the reasons that led to the violation of the integrity of the cervix, ruptures are distinguished:

• Spontaneous- arising spontaneously during labor against the background of rigidity or excessive stretching.
• Violent- provoked by vaginal delivery interventions to speed up the birth process.

Based on size, there are three grades of tears:

• Idegrees- one- or two-sided damage to the cervix up to 2 cm long.
• IIdegrees- the size of the tear exceeds 2 cm, but it does not reach the vaginal vault by at least 1 cm.
• IIIdegrees- the gap reaches the vaginal fornix and extends to them.

Grade I and II tears are considered uncomplicated. Specialists in the field of obstetrics and gynecology consider the following types of injuries to be complicated ruptures:

• III degree ruptures.
• Tears extending beyond the internal uterine os.
• Lacerations that involve the peritoneum or the parametrium surrounding the uterus.
• Circular rupture of the cervix.

Symptoms of cervical rupture

In case of small lesions up to 1 cm in size, clinical symptoms are usually absent. The main manifestation of cervical rupture is bleeding. Sometimes its signs can be observed already during the period of expulsion, when the emerging parts of the fetus are covered with bright scarlet blood. However, bleeding usually occurs or increases after the birth of the child, despite good contractile activity of the myometrium. In this case, blood from the vagina flows in a trickle or is released in significant quantities. Less often it contains many clots. If the rupture occurs against the background of large crush injuries due to prolonged compression of tissue, bleeding is not always observed, since the vessels have time to thrombose. In such cases and when areas without large vessels are damaged, little blood is usually released, which increases the importance of postpartum examination of the cervix in the speculum.

Complications

If the cervicovaginal branch of the uterine artery is damaged, cervical rupture may be complicated by profuse bleeding. Due to significant blood loss, the skin and mucous membranes of the mother turn pale, the woman complains of weakness, dizziness, cold sweat, and may lose consciousness. If assistance is not provided in a timely manner, the patient develops hemorrhagic shock, which is life-threatening. Deep injuries reaching the vaginal vault may be accompanied by uterine rupture and massive hemorrhage in the parametrium. If a cervical rupture is missed and not repaired, the risk of developing parametritis, postpartum endometritis, and subsequently ectropion, chronic endocervicitis, erosion, and neoplasia increases significantly. Long-term consequences are cicatricial deformation of the cervix, isthmic-cervical insufficiency with miscarriage, and the formation of a cervicovaginal fistula.

Diagnostics

Treatment of cervical rupture

If a pathological rupture is detected, the integrity of the organ is restored surgically. The choice of surgical intervention depends on the degree of damage and the presence of complications. The damaged area is sutured transvaginally with absorbable material, the suture is placed over the entire thickness of the tissue with the exception of the endocervix. If a rupture extending beyond the internal os or hemorrhage into the parametrium is detected, laparotomy is recommended, during which the bleeding is stopped and the hematoma is removed. In the postoperative period, antianemic drugs are indicated. To prevent infectious complications, a short course of antibiotic therapy is usually prescribed.

Prognosis and prevention

The prognosis for uncomplicated ruptures is favorable. In the presence of complications, the results depend on the timeliness and adequacy of treatment. A key role in the prevention of ruptures is played by the correct management of labor and the justified use of surgical delivery methods if there are appropriate indications. In exceptional cases, with a high probability of rupture due to rigidity, a narrow conical shape of the cervix, or the need for urgent delivery with incomplete opening of the pharynx, a trachelotomy (an operation to dissect the walls of the cervical canal) can be performed preventively.

The other day, I was talking with a friend about episiotomy; she told me that it was better to tear during childbirth... I remember during my labor the doctor decided to do an episiotomy, then explaining that it was much easier to stitch up a cut than a tear, so I found an article about this)

WHAT DO YOU THINK?!

Unfortunately, injuries during childbirth are very common, and their frequency is significantly higher in primigravidas over 30 years of age. They are possible both in the perineum and vagina, and in the cervix. The most severe and deadly complication is uterine rupture during childbirth. If external injuries after childbirth are simply sutured, uterine rupture requires an emergency cesarean section, since it threatens the life of the mother, and the child can rarely be saved.

Perineal lacerations during childbirth

Perineal ruptures during childbirth are the most common injury to women in labor. They occur in both primiparous and multiparous women.

The main causes of perineal ruptures: - large fetus - high perineum - rigidity (non-extensibility) of the perineum - inadequate behavior of the woman in labor, violent pushing and rapid labor - breech birth, incorrect insertion of the fetal head - inflammatory processes of the genital organs - swelling of the perineum during prolonged labor Damage to the perineum is usually occurs at the moment of eruption of the fetal head, and possible problems are easily determined visually by the midwife. The skin of the perineum turns pale and becomes shiny. In such cases, it is more correct and effective to perform a perineotomy or episiotomy, since an incised wound always heals better and faster than a lacerated one, and the scar is smooth. A perineotomy is an incision along the midline, from the vagina to the anus, an episiotomy is an incision to the side. An episiotomy is safer because with a perineotomy, continuing the incision may cause it to extend all the way to the anus. However, on the other hand, after perineotomy, suturing the incision leads to a better functional result; the anatomy of this area is much simpler. Damage to the perineum is classified into 3 degrees depending on its extent: - 1st degree is accompanied by involvement of only the vaginal mucosa and the posterior commissure of the labia. - Grade 2 involves the muscles of the vagina and perineum. - 3rd degree is accompanied by damage to the anus, and even the wall of the rectum. Such complications are always accompanied by bleeding, which is detected immediately after the birth of the child. After childbirth, the gynecologist examines the perineum and vagina for damage; if necessary, the wounds are sutured with catgut sutures, which are subsequently removed on the 5th day before discharge from the hospital. With inadequate suturing, the formation of a perineal hematoma is possible in the future, and unsutured ruptures lead to healing of the wound with a rough scar, as a result of which the woman suffers from problems in sexual life and during subsequent childbirth. Moreover, pelvic floor insufficiency may develop, and this leads to prolapse of the genital organs (uterus and vagina), which requires quite large and complex operations in the future. The stress suffered predisposes to a repetition of the situation during subsequent births. Sometimes it is necessary to make an artificial incision in the perineum even if there is no threat of rupture. This is done in the following cases: - premature birth. In such cases, a perineal incision (episiotomy) reduces pressure on the fetal head; it is not yet ready for this. - the need to accelerate the second stage of labor in case of certain somatic diseases of the mother (for example, heart defects), or if the child is at risk (hypoxia in utero). - breech presentation. In a breech presentation, the baby's relatively large head compared to the pelvic end can make labor difficult. - surgical intervention during childbirth, for example, vacuum extraction of the fetus.

Vaginal ruptures during childbirth

Damage to the vagina does not occur in isolation; it occurs in combination with the perineum or the walls of the uterus.

Cervical ruptures during childbirth

Occur at the beginning of the period of expulsion of the fetus. In almost all cases, it is the fault of the woman in labor herself. At the very beginning of the expulsion period, when the dilation of the cervix reaches 8 cm, and the head is pressed against the outlet of the small pelvis, there is a strong desire to push, but you cannot push until there is full dilation, 10 cm. If a woman does not listen to the midwife, and starts at this moment to push, the pressure of the baby’s head on the not yet ready cervix leads to inevitable pain. In this case, there is also a high risk of injury to the child. You need to breathe through these contractions and attempts, they are the most painful during the entire period of labor and require the greatest self-control. Typically, full dilatation occurs within 15-20 minutes, and these minutes decide the fate of your cervix.

Cervical ruptures

They are also divided by degrees. 1st degree - damage to the cervix on both sides no more than 2 cm long; 2nd degree - more than 2 cm long without extending to the vaginal vault. 3rd degree - extends to the vaginal vaults. Manifests itself in the form of bleeding after the birth of a child. Damage of the 3rd degree is often accompanied by accumulation of blood in the parametrial (peri-uterine tissue). Anesthesia during suturing is not required, since the neck does not have pain receptors. If the wounds are not sutured, ectropion (eversion) of the cervix, erosion and cervicitis may subsequently develop.

Uterine rupture during childbirth

Uterine ruptures during childbirth are very rare, but almost always result in the death of the child and can lead to the death of the mother. Usually occurs in the lower segment of the uterus. Causes of uterine rupture during childbirth: - large fetus, its incorrect presentation, which prevents birth. - the presence of a narrow pelvis or other mechanical obstacles to childbirth. - poor scar on the uterus after a previous cesarean section. It is manifested by soreness of the uterus in its lower segment, and this pain does not go away between contractions; upon examination, the gynecologist discovers special threatening symptoms indicating overextension of its lower segment. The only possibility for a successful birth outcome is an emergency caesarean section. If this is not done, the woman feels “like something has torn inside,” a sharp pain, internal bleeding develops, and the fetus develops acute hypoxia, leading to intrauterine death within minutes.

Treatment for ruptures during childbirth

After any birth, the doctor examines the birth canal. All internal ruptures after childbirth are usually sutured without anesthesia, since the cervix is ​​not sensitive, external ones are sutured under local or general anesthesia, depending on their degree. Permanent sutures are placed on the cervix, in the area of ​​the vagina and vulva, too, and catgut or lavsan sutures are placed on the skin of the perineum, which are removed before discharge from the hospital. Everything is sutured in layers, restoring the correct anatomical relationships of the tissues. Treatment depends on the degree of complication. While the woman is in the maternity hospital, before the stitches are removed, the wounds are treated with brilliant green or 5% potassium permanganate, this is done once daily by a midwife; in case of serious damage and the risk of infection, antibiotics are prescribed. In case of severe pain, it is sometimes necessary to prescribe painkillers to reduce swelling; an ice pack is used. Usually you are allowed to stand up after childbirth within a day, but you will not be able to sit for about two more weeks, and you will even have to eat while standing. When you leave the maternity hospital, you will only be able to sit half-sided, on the healthy side, and only on the hard side. You will feed the baby in a lying position. It will be the hardest in case of 3rd degree damage. After childbirth, a slag-free diet (tea, juices, broths) is prescribed, since there should be no stool in the first days after childbirth. And only on the 7th day after the laxative it will be possible to go to the toilet in a big way, but pushing is prohibited. Until the stitches are removed, and then for at least a week, the perineum requires especially careful care; every time you visit the toilet, you need to wash it with running water from front to back, then dry the skin thoroughly. The pads need to be changed frequently, every hour and a half, the wound needs to be dry. Significant injuries that take a long time to heal may bother you for up to 3 weeks after birth.

How to avoid ruptures during childbirth How to prevent ruptures during childbirth?

Problems during childbirth are not always inevitable; with the help of special exercises and perineal massage before childbirth, you can reduce the risk of any complication to a minimum. In most cases, problems arise due to the perineum being unprepared for childbirth, inelastic and inextensible.

Perineal massage

One of the effective means of preparing the perineum for childbirth is perineal massage. This is especially true for those who have already undergone a perineal incision in a previous birth; the remaining scar may be difficult to stretch. You can start this massage at any stage of pregnancy, but in the early stages it is enough to do it once a week, and by the 32nd week you can do it once every 3-5 days. Immediately before giving birth, it can be done daily. If you are now close to giving birth, and you haven’t started massage, do it every three days for a week, every other week for another week, and then every day until giving birth. The best time for a massage is the evening, and the best assistant is your husband. It’s difficult to do on your own, your tummy will get in the way. The massage is done using natural oils, such as olive or even just sunflower. Hands should be clean, wash them with soap, then lubricate the perineum and labia with oil. It is enough to insert 2 fingers into the vagina no deeper than 2-3 cm; they should be lightly pressed, rocking, on the back wall of the vagina towards the rectum; tingling and tension sensations indicate that everything is being done correctly. The back wall is pulled for 2-3 minutes and released, then the exercise is repeated again, and so on for 5-10 minutes. At the moment of tension, you need to learn to relax, not pay attention to this feeling, this practice will be very valuable at the time of childbirth. At the end of the massage, the perineum is again treated with oil, the labia minora are massaged, they often tear during childbirth, and it won’t hurt to give them elasticity now.

Exercises to stretch the muscles and ligaments of the perineum

In order to do home exercises for the perineum, you do not need any special equipment. You can use a chair: - Stand next to the back of the chair, with your side to it, using it for support and balance. Raise and move first one and then the other leg to the side, to the maximum distance possible for you, 6-10 times. - From a similar position, bend your leg at the knee and lift it up to your tummy, 5-6 times for each leg. - Holding the back of the chair with both hands, slowly squat all the way, spreading your knees to the sides, spring up. Repeat 5-6 times or as many times as you can without getting too tired.

This exercise will require maintaining balance. Squat down, stretch your leg to the side. Shift your body weight first to one leg, then to the other, keeping your balance with your hands. Some poses should be made your usual ones. For example: - sit in a tailor's pose (crossing your legs in front of you) - butterfly pose, pull your heels towards your perineum, while in a sitting position, your knees in this position really resemble the wings of a butterfly. - use the “on your heels” pose in everyday life, stand on your knees, bringing them together, and sit back on your own heels. - you can diversify it by spreading your feet and sitting on the floor between your heels. - it is very useful to wash the floor while squatting, and simply squatting often. It is very important: you must be psychologically prepared for childbirth, you should not be afraid of anything, and you must listen carefully to the medical staff, even if it will be very painful and scary. Then the risk of injury for you and your baby will be much less.

The uterine cervix plays one of the most important roles during childbirth. By and large, pushing (the second stage of labor) mainly depends on how the cervix dilates. The fetus from the uterus will move out through the resulting uterine os or circle. This pharynx is precisely formed due to the active contraction of the muscles of the uterus on its neck during contractions. This circle should reach a diameter of 10 to 12 centimeters, and only then the next stage of the birth process begins, the woman begins to push out the fetus.

But in real life, everything can happen completely differently. Pushing may begin when the cervix is ​​not dilated. Cervical rupture during childbirth occurs because the undilated cervix cannot withstand the pressure that occurs during pushing. According to doctors, this is the main reason for the gap, and they blame the mothers themselves for this. They state that pushing should only be done according to the instructions of the medical professionals delivering the baby. But is this really so? Let's figure it out together.

Cervical rupture: causes

There are several reasons why a cervical rupture may occur during childbirth. According to statistics, ruptures occur more often in women who give birth for the first time. In this case, there are three degrees of ruptures, and they can also be violent (with surgical intervention) or spontaneous. So, the reasons could be:

- reduced elasticity of the uterine cervix;
- the woman is in late labor;
- attempts began prematurely - before the cervix dilated to the required size;
- the presence of surgical interventions on the uterine cervix and scars after childbirth and abortion;
- presence of infections in the uterus;
- large size fruit;
- rapid childbirth;
- breech presentation of the fetus;
- surgical intervention in the process of childbirth with the application of forceps, etc.

It is impossible to say unequivocally that in these cases a rupture of the cervix will necessarily occur. This happens more often when several of the above factors are present at the same time. For example, when the uterine cervix is ​​not fully dilated, a large fetus passes through it, etc. According to statistics, 50% of birth cases end in rupture of the cervix or perineum to one degree or another. Sometimes it simply cannot be avoided.

Consequences of cervical rupture during childbirth

The consequences of this pathology may depend on their severity and on the assistance subsequently provided. Diagnosis of upcoming cervical ruptures is quite simple. As a rule, if they occur, the woman in labor begins to bleed. In addition, in our time, all women before childbirth are carefully examined and all sorts of pathologies that can lead to ruptures are identified.

Any rupture, regardless of its degree of complexity, is sutured with special threads called catgut. If these sutures are applied correctly and efficiently, then special care is not required. It is only necessary to abstain from sex for a while (at least two months).

In cases where the rupture of the uterine cervix was not noticed or the sutures were applied incorrectly, unpleasant consequences may occur. The area of ​​the uterus or vagina may become inflamed. Subsequently, the damaged cervix may not withstand pregnancy and childbirth, which often results in premature birth or miscarriage. But the most dangerous consequence of an unsutured rupture is inversion of the uterine cervix, which often leads to cancer.

Cervical rupture is one of the complications of childbirth. A woman may not feel pain if the damage is not too significant, but this does not mean that this situation is unworthy of attention. Immediately after the birth of the child, the doctor conducts a gynecological examination, and if any tears are found during childbirth, they are stitched up.

If the stitches are not carefully applied, this can lead to a number of problems in the future:

• ectropion (eversion of the mucous membrane of the cervix), which will be a constant source of inflammation, bleeding when touched, including during sexual intercourse;
• there will be a threat of tissue tearing during subsequent births; in principle, such a possibility already exists with a serious degree of cervical rupture;
• isthmic-cervical insufficiency - a severely damaged cervix will not be able to remain closed until the end of the pregnancy, there will be a threat of spontaneous miscarriage in the later stages and premature birth.

Such complications of cervical rupture during childbirth are very common. In order to carry a child to term, women are given stitches and the cervix is ​​sutured, as it begins to smooth out and open ahead of time. True, this does not always help... But one way or another, childbirth after a cervical rupture can and should be natural, if there are no indications for a cesarean section. And the stitches are removed at approximately 37-38 weeks. Or earlier, if contractions begin, or amniotic fluid breaks.

The causes of cervical rupture during childbirth vary, sometimes they can be prevented and sometimes they cannot. Sometimes this may be due to unprofessional actions of doctors and midwives. Thus, doctors often try to manually “re-open” the cervix to the required 10 centimeters and injure the tissue.

Other reasons:

• cervicitis, colpitis are infectious processes;
• damage to the cervix, scars resulting from abortions, diagnostic procedures, treatment of erosion and dysplasia, especially in the case of conization and diathermoelectrocoagulation - “cauterization” of erosion with electric current;
• narrow maternal pelvis;
• the fetus is large, which is why perineal ruptures occur during childbirth;
• fast, rapid labor, especially if the baby comes out in the wrong position;
• rigidity (inelasticity, poor extensibility) of the cervix - occurs in both young girls and mature women;
• early pushing, a woman begins to push when the preparation of the cervix for childbirth has not been completed, there is no necessary dilation;
• the use of obstetric forceps, bullet forceps, vacuum extraction of the fetus and similar manipulations;
• fetal hydrocephalus.

As you can see, childbirth without ruptures is not always possible. But a woman can still do something to reduce the risk of a pathological birth. This is to pay attention to vaginal discharge - after all, it is they that are the main symptom of the inflammatory process, which can become one of the provocateurs of ruptures. Naturally, regular monitoring by a gynecologist is mandatory. And even better - visiting a school for young mothers, where they will talk about cervical ruptures during childbirth and how to prevent them. It is necessary to learn in advance proper breathing, which will help curb untimely attempts. Rarely does anyone succeed in learning this quickly while already in labor.

If a woman has had complicated cervical ruptures, that is, extending to the vaginal walls, which have a large area, she should undergo a thorough examination by a gynecologist before a new pregnancy. Often in such cases, you first need to make a surgical correction, this is a treatment for cervical rupture, and only then, after some time, plan conception. In this case, colposcopy should be normal. It would be useful to do an ultrasound, where the doctor can examine the scars and suggest the likelihood of problems during pregnancy.

Almost always, cervical ruptures during childbirth have some consequences. But there is no need to be upset. The main thing is to follow all the instructions of the attending physician. And give birth to a trusted specialist.

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