home Endocrinology Ways to treat a burn at home. Thermal burns Wound treatment after a burn

Ways to treat a burn at home. Thermal burns Wound treatment after a burn

Is it possible to wash a burn with cold water during first aid?

Intuitively, almost all people, when injured, place the burned area under cold water. In most cases, combustiologists (doctors who specialize in burns) recommend soaking burned skin due to the following effects:

Cleansing the wound. Chemical residues and dirt are removed. This prevents infectious inflammation of the affected areas.
Anesthesia. Water reduces pain, which makes you feel better.
Cooling the injured area. A decrease in temperature prevents the wound from deepening.
Prevention of bleeding. Cool water constricts superficial blood vessels. This prevents the formation of blisters with bloody contents.

You can wet the burned areas only if there is superficial damage to the skin - 1st or 2nd degree burns. Washing the wound is indicated for thermal, radiation, chemical, and mild sunburns. Such actions are justified only when providing emergency assistance.

To achieve the desired effect, the affected area is washed for at least 10-15 minutes. The pressure should be small, otherwise the burned epidermis will begin to peel off. Open wounds become vulnerable to opportunistic microorganisms that live on the skin - propionibacteria, staphylococci.

What kind of burns should not be soaked?

Doctors do not advise soaking burned areas with deep injuries, regardless of the factors that caused the damage. Such actions often aggravate the victim’s well-being and provoke complications.

You can wet the burn wound if it is a first degree injury, when the integrity of the skin is not compromised. Infection is unlikely, so washing is allowed without restrictions.

Main contraindications to washing burns:

Bubbles with liquid in the lesion. It is not advisable to wet the affected areas if burns from boiling water have led to the formation of blisters. Humidification is dangerous due to an increase in the volume of liquid in the bladder and its rupture. Open wounds are vulnerable to pathogenic bacteria that provoke purulent inflammation.
Burns of deep layers of skin. When the epidermis and dermis are charred (3B degree burn), the wound often becomes infected. Running water is unsterile and contains pathogenic microbes. When wound surfaces are open, they easily penetrate deeper, causing inflammation.
Chemical wounds from quicklime. Running water washes acids and alkalis out of the skin. But quicklime reacts with water, releasing a large amount of heat. If you wet skin that has been powdered, the wound will deepen.

Do not wash injured areas after emergency care has been provided. Regular moisturizing of burned skin with non-sterile liquid is fraught with bacterial inflammation, non-healing ulcers, abscesses, etc.

How can you treat a burn surface?

Open wounds should not be wetted with running water. To treat burn surfaces, use antiseptics - a solution of Chlorhexidine, Furacilin, Miramistin. The following are often used as disinfectants for 2nd and 3A degree burns:

Amprovisol is a disinfectant liquid that envelops the burn surface, relieves inflammation and swelling. Has a cooling and wound healing effect. Prescribed for radiation and thermal injuries of 1-2 degrees.
Rokkal is an anti-burn solution that destroys pathogenic bacteria and yeast-like fungi. Has deodorizing and anti-inflammatory activity.
Povidone-iodine is a disinfectant solution with a pronounced bactericidal effect. Used as a wet dressing to cover burn surfaces.
Betadine is an antimicrobial liquid that prevents bacterial inflammation of burns. Used only to treat skin burns no more than 3 times a day.

Damaged areas must first be disinfected, and then a bandage must be applied. To speed up healing, pre-apply ointments and creams with a wound-healing effect - Dermazin, Silvederm, Solcoseryl, Actovegin, etc. If the wound is wet, it will lead to infectious inflammation of the skin. At the first symptoms of infection, antibiotics are used - Levosin, Bonderm, Levomycetin, Erythromycin ointment.

For what period should contact with water be limited?

The duration of healing depends on the patient’s compliance with the doctor’s recommendations. If you wet the burned skin, the recovery period will be delayed. If water gets into the damaged area, it can lead to secondary infections. They provoke the melting of skin tissue, which is why treatment is delayed for a week or more.

Regardless of the severity of the injury, you should not forget about water procedures. But in order not to wet the burned areas, they are covered with waterproof bandages. For superficial burns, anti-burn plasters are used as a waterproofing material:

Silkoplast;
Branolind;
Space;
Paropran, etc.

first – 2-3 days;
second – 7-10 days;
3A degree – 2-3 weeks.

In case of infectious complications, the recovery period increases. Ignoring recommendations is dangerous due to the spread of infection to healthy areas of the skin.

What is the danger of getting water on a burn wound?

Tap water contains many harmful substances that slow down the scarring of burned skin:

nitrates - disrupt gas exchange, slow down cellular metabolism;
iron – provokes dehydration and allergic reactions;
aluminum – leaches calcium, slowing down healing.

If you constantly wet burns, this will inevitably lead to an increase in the recovery period by a third. Getting unsterile water into burned tissue increases the risk of infectious inflammation.

In everyday life, rarely does a person get by without injuries. Scratches, abrasions, cuts, bruises constantly haunt us. Burns are thermal injuries caused by high temperatures. But, as they say, burns are different from scalds.

How to treat without knowing the cause and extent of injury?

They differ:

by source of exposure to thermal, radiation, electrical, chemical burns;
according to the severity of injury from burns in the first, second, third and fourth degrees.

Treating burns at home requires a very clear knowledge of the circumstances of the incident.

Why do you need to know this?

How to treat a burn depends on the type and, above all, the degree of damage. How they are classified, in what cases it is possible to treat at home, and when qualified medical care is needed, what helps with burns, how to get rid of a burn, its consequences - it is important for everyone to know.

Severity of injuries

First degree:

slight redness of the skin;
minor pain.

The patient does not need hospitalization; burns can be treated at home.

Second degree:

was scalded by hot water or another liquid, or spilled a chemical on himself;
laying on the beach in the sun for too long, especially in the south, in overseas countries, in a solarium;
the affected area is comparable to your own palm;
The skin not only turned red, blisters appeared.

The impact of burns is more serious, you need to see a specialist.

Third degree:

Skin damage is deep;
subcutaneous tissue and nerve endings are damaged;
The victim's condition is moderate - serious or severe.

Doctors' intervention is required; skin grafting is likely to be performed.

Fourth degree

a significant part of the skin is burned, the injuries are deep;
the functioning of internal organs is affected;
the general condition of the patient is serious.

Relying on the Lord God and doctors often ends in death.

For all types of injuries, it is very important to provide first aid, which can significantly reduce the pain experienced by a person and significantly influence the course of further treatment. Promptness and correctness of assistance sometimes saves life itself.

The first, but very important actions in case of a burn

Stop contact with high temperature sources, such as electric current.
Calm yourself, that is, the one who provides help. Only in this case, the person providing assistance begins to think not about how bad and painful it is for the other, but what to do to help.
Calm the victim.
Give him a pill to take orally to relieve pain and counteract inflammation - Ibuprofen, Ketanov, aspirin, diphenhydramine.
Remove some clothing from the injured area.
Rinse with water for 20 minutes.
Lubricate the burn with a solution of potassium permanganate, in case of a burn with alkali, treat with water with a few drops of citric or acetic acid, in case of acid damage, wash with soapy water or sprinkle with soda.
If the eye is affected, drip 1-2 drops of chloramphenicol, sodium sulfacyl.
Apply a bandage of gauze, preferably from a special dressing material, Combixin or Diosept. Do not apply a cotton wool bandage.

Remember and do not do the following

rinse the quicklime with water, as it reacts with water;
use medications for external use due to the possibility of a negative reaction of the chemical with them;
use vegetable oil, except sea buckthorn and St. John's wort;
use alcohol-containing products, brilliant green, iodine;
puncture blisters;
remove pieces of tissue from the wound yourself;
cover the affected area with adhesive tape;
pee on your finger, sorry, use urine.

Medicines

It is possible to treat a burn at home in cases of first or second severity. Treatment consists, first of all, in reducing suffering from pain and preventing the wound from festering.

Pharmacological enterprises produce a large number of anti-burn drugs. They are presented in various forms: ointments, gels, sprays, creams, aerosols. The ointment remains on the wound for a longer time; sprays and aerosols are easier and painless to apply.

Gels are better, provide faster pain relief, and cleanse the wound of suppuration. Foams and creams are absorbed faster than ointments.

Medicines differ not only in their composition, but also in their mechanism of action. This is reflected in the attached instructions, which you should read, or better yet, consult with your doctor. All medicines have antiseptic, wound-healing, restorative properties to a greater or lesser extent.

What is the best way to treat a burn?

Of the many drugs intended for this, the most popular are the following:

Betadine- antiseptic, has wide application
Levomekol– an effective, bactericidal medicine, relieves pain, helps restore skin
Solcoseryl– for skin restoration
Panthenol– anti-inflammatory, regenerative effect, popular, recommended for families with children
Amprovisol- relieves pain, antiseptic, prevents inflammation from developing, promotes healing
Olazol- relieves pain, disinfects, accelerates wound healing
Karipazim– a medicine with a wide range of applications

Folk remedies

A wide range of folk remedies can help treat burns at home. They include a large number of herbs, plants, the use of vegetables, and other products. If the burn is small, then treatment with them will be quite effective.

1. Vegetables

Potatoes help relieve pain and recover, especially from overheating in the sun. It needs to be grated, mixed with sour cream (fat kefir), and applied in a not very thick layer to the affected area. Can be placed on gauze, put in the same place. How to treat if there are no potatoes at home? Starch will do.
Also grate the carrots and make a compress similar to potatoes.
Cabbage leaf. Wash, cool, apply to the sore, hold until it becomes warm. Cool again, repeat.
Pumpkin. Peel, rub and apply.
Dill. Squeeze juice from freshly cut dill, dilute with cold water one to two, make lotions
Lemon. Drip the juice several times, the pain will subside.
Pomegranate. Grind the dried peel into powder and powder the sore spot.

2. Using an egg.

Protein is applied to the sore spot. The dried protein will fall off on its own.
Break an egg, beat it, then apply it to the burned part of the body several times until it is cured.
Take the yolk from a hard-boiled egg, which is fried with vegetable oil in a frying pan, stirring constantly, over low heat until the yolk turns black. Then drain the oil, cool it, and lubricate the injured area. The skin recovers quickly, scars are hardly noticeable.

3. Sour cream (fat kefir, yogurt).

The most popular, time-tested remedy for overheating in the sun. The process is as follows: take a cool shower, bath, lightly apply sour cream. Can be done several times until recovery.

4. Tea.

Pour boiling water over black or green tea, cool, wet gauze, and apply.

5. Vegetable oil.

You need to prepare in advance in the following way. Mix 2 cups of St. John's wort flowers and 200 milliliters of sunflower oil and place in a dark place. After 21 days, squeeze out the resulting infusion and use. Fold the gauze in several rows (called a compress), soak it in the infusion of oil, and apply it to the sore.
Mix 100 milliliters of flaxseed oil with chopped onion and make a compress.
Multi-layer gauze is soaked in sea buckthorn oil and applied to the sore spot. Sea buckthorn greatly promotes healing and regeneration for all types of burns.
You just have to remember that oil treatment can be carried out only 1 – 2 days after the injury.

6. Plants.

Prepare a decoction of linden flowers in a ratio of 1:10, then wash the wound.
Wipe the burn area with aloe or Kalanchoe juice and use crushed leaves in a compress.
Plantain juice, its leaves, and stinging nettle juice work well as a wound-healing, antimicrobial agent.
Burdock root ointment helps a lot. It is boiled for 40-45 minutes, then kneaded, mixed with butter 1 to 4 and applied.
Take two parts of Vaseline and one part of calendula tincture, stir and apply.
Pour 6 fresh, finely chopped lily flowers with 150-200 milliliters of vegetable oil, use after 3-4 days.
Grind the oak bark and poplar buds, take seven tablespoons of butter, two tablespoons of oak raw material and one bud, mix. Place the mixture in a warm place for half a day, then heat it in a water bath for half an hour and strain.
Other means:
Mint toothpaste, toothpaste with propolis relieves pain and prevents blisters from appearing.
Dilute 1 tablespoon of soda in 200 milliliters of water, moisten a swab, apply it, it will feel better.

Cream Panthenol-911 - you can distinguish the best one by a smiley face
Algipor - from seaweed
Gel spray for hand skin
Ointment Melitopol
Ointment Emalan
Sulfargin ointment is recommended by women not only for burns, but also for scratches in children
Spray Olazol with sea buckthorn oil
Lioxazine – gel, wipes

Burns affect the condition of the skin. How to get rid of the consequences?

After burns, blisters appear and new skin forms underneath. It is very thin and delicate, therefore, to prevent it from cracking and strengthening, you need to use ointments and creams.

If the wounds get wet or burns do not heal well, you can apply a solution of potassium permanganate, it dries. Using a mixture of bodyaga powder and vegetable oil, old scars can be resolved.

Nutrition also affects the recovery process of the affected area, so it is recommended to eat vegetables, nuts, lean beef, and take vitamin E more often during this period.

Burns are the most common household injuries that every person encounters repeatedly. But it is impossible to treat them as something not worth attention. Even a seemingly minor burn can have serious consequences if left untreated.

Degrees and types of burns

Before treating a burn with any other means, you need to find out its degree and take into account the type.

All burns are divided into thermal (resulting from exposure to a hot substance - water, steam, oil, sunlight, etc.), chemical (tissues are damaged by caustic chemicals - alkali, acid, etc.) and electrical (formed under the influence of electric current).

If you receive chemical or electrical burns, it is not advisable to self-medicate, except to provide first aid. But you can eliminate the consequences of thermal burns yourself. But here it all depends on the degree. There are four of them:

The first is manifested by redness of the skin, a burning or tingling sensation and slight swelling.
The second degree is manifested by severe redness of the skin and blisters.
A third-degree burn is accompanied by severe pain, from which the victim can go into shock and even lose consciousness. Burns to large areas of the body can be fatal.
The fourth degree is manifested by charring of the skin. Muscles and even bones are destroyed. Often the victim does not feel pain due to damage to the nerve endings.

If there is a third or fourth degree burn, even on a small area of skin, the first thing to do is to immediately take the victim to the hospital. But with the first and second degrees, it is quite possible to do without the participation of doctors.

First aid for first and second degree burns

Before treating a burn, you need to cool the affected area. This will reduce the pain. It is good to place the wound under running water for 10-20 minutes.

Next, at the first stage, you can treat the wound with some kind of antibacterial agent or healing cream. If the skin at the burn site is contaminated, it should be wiped with an alcohol solution (40%) before treatment.

In case of a second degree burn, the damage is treated with antiseptic agents based on furatsilin, rivanol, etc. Anti-inflammatory and film-forming aerosols are used. You can also apply a bandage soaked in a solution of novocaine, or take painkillers orally.

What not to do

For first and second degree burns, there are taboos, the violation of which is fraught with complications. So, what should you never do?

Apply ice to the burned area of skin.
Apply oil or rich creams to the wound. Although they relieve pain in the first minutes, they retain heat and slow down the healing process.
Lubricate the wound with sour cream, kefir and other dairy products (unless we are talking about a sunburn).
Use cauterizing agents such as brilliant green or iodine.
Bandage the wound.
In case of second degree burns, it is forbidden to rip off the blisters.

How to treat a burn? List of medications

Furacilin ointment has proven itself well as a primary treatment for burns (especially for children). “Plastubol” and “Iodvinisol” have film-forming properties. Aerosols “Olazol” and “Lioxazide” have high medicinal properties. Ointments “Bepanten”, “Rescuer”, “Levomekol” are also suitable.

The best answer to the question of how to treat a burn with boiling water is the Panthenol aerosol. In this case, it is simply irreplaceable. If you don’t have any of the listed remedies at hand, you can use traditional methods of treating burns, which will be discussed below.

Folk remedies for thermal burns

The centuries-old “burn practice” has not passed without a trace for humanity. People have come up with a lot of options for how to treat a burn at home, without resorting to traditional medicine.

Here are the most popular and accessible:

Toothpaste (preferably with propolis or mint). Applying it to the burned area relieves pain and prevents blisters.
Potatoes or carrots - grated raw, they are applied to the wound and fixed with gauze.
Cabbage. The cabbage leaf is cooled and applied to the affected area before heating. Then take another cooled sheet.
Soda. One tablespoon per glass of water. Gauze is moistened with the solution and applied to the burn site.
Green or black tea. Cooled fresh tea leaves are poured over the wound.
Egg white. You can simply apply it to the wound, or you can mix it with sauerkraut (finely chopped) and apply it.
Onion. Finely chopped vegetables are fried in a large amount of sunflower oil until brown. Then the mass is cooled and filtered. Onion oil is applied to the burned areas.
Dill. The juice squeezed out of it is diluted with water in a ratio of one to two and applied to the burn in the form of lotions.
Calendula. The tincture of this flower is mixed with Vaseline in a ratio of one to two. The resulting ointment treats burns well.

Many people are interested in the question of whether it is possible to treat a burn with urine. There is no clear answer to this. Some say that urine in this case is a panacea, while others categorically deny it, claiming that urine contains toxins that can cause inflammation of the affected area.

Treatment of burns with hydrogen peroxide

Another pressing question: “Can a burn be treated with peroxide?” This product, unlike special ointments, is in almost every first aid kit. It is used to stop bleeding and treat wounds. A solution of hydrogen peroxide (three percent) does not cause burning of the skin or other pain, but acts quickly. And it's inexpensive. But what about burns?

If the damage is of the first or second degree and does not occupy a large area, then it is quite possible to treat the burn with peroxide.

To do this, soak a napkin or bandage with the product and apply a compress to the wound. Hold for a few minutes. Repeat the procedure 2-3 times a day for three days. The product quickly relieves swelling and pain.

But peroxide cannot replace other drugs. After treating the wound with a solution, it is recommended to apply ointments like Levomekol to the burn.

Thermal oil burns

Injuries caused by hot oil, which housewives often encounter, deserve special attention. Treatment for such thermal burns is somewhat different from those caused by steam, hot water, metal, etc.

If hot oil gets on your skin, the first thing you need to do is place the injured area under cold water for about ten minutes. Remove the oil from the skin using cotton wool and take a closer look at the burn. If everything turns out to be redness or small blisters, you can try to deal with the problem yourself.

What else can you use to treat a burn?

In this case, dark household soap has proven itself to be excellent.
It is good to apply soda, chalk or starch to the sore spot. They relieve swelling.
Honey compresses relieve pain and heal wounds.
If pustules appear (which often happens with oil burns), you can use antimicrobial ointments. For example, Fuzimet.

Specifics of sunburn treatment

The faster first aid for a sunburn is provided, the “less blood” this situation will cost the victim. And it consists in eliminating the influence of sunlight and moisturizing the affected areas of the skin. True, a cold shower is not recommended - it is better to cover the burned areas with a wet cloth of natural origin.

This must be done before treating the sunburn with any nourishing product. For example, a solution of aloe and vitamin E. By the way, this vitamin can also be taken orally - it promotes tissue restoration.

Among the folk remedies, the most popular for the treatment of sunburn are traditional yogurt with sour cream, which is applied to the burned areas, potato juice, chamomile and oak infusions, as well as regular black tea.

Chemical burns

As noted above, if you receive chemical burns, you cannot self-medicate. After all, they are characterized not only by skin injuries, but also by the entry of harmful substances into the body. Therefore, medical supervision is necessary.

But if the degree of burn is not higher than second, then first aid measures can and should be taken. The action algorithm is as follows:

Rinse the wound with running water for 20 minutes.
Treat the burn with a neutralizing solution. If the injury was caused by acid, a soap solution will help; if the alkali is boric, citric or acetic acid (two percent solution).
It is good to treat the areas around the wound with ammonia (0.5% solution).
After removing dead pieces of epithelium, apply a compress with Vishnevsky ointment or syntomycin emulsion.

And be sure to see a doctor, whose help, by the way, will be needed for any degree and for any type of burns, if the wound does not heal for a long time, rots, hurts, has an elevated body temperature, etc. It is important to always remember that such a seemingly trivial injury, like a burn, can cause serious complications, including death.

Degrees of burns
There are four degrees:

First, the skin at the site of the lesion turns red,
Second - a blister appears,
Third, the deeper layers of the skin also die,
Fourth - the affected area is charred.

The degree of damage is influenced by the volume of affected tissue, as well as how deep into the body the damaging factor has passed. Lesion area in the medical environment is measured as a percentage of the total skin area. With severe degrees of damage, the body at the site of the burn becomes insensitive, and veins may stand out. Often the actual depth of thermal impact can be revealed only five to seven days after the incident. This is due to the fact that new tissues suffering from lack of nutrition are added to already destroyed tissues. If more than 10 - 15% of the body surface is affected, the patient develops a burn disease. The severity of its course depends on whether the respiratory organs are affected, as well as the general condition of the patient and his age. If more than 15% of the body area is affected, burn shock develops.

What can't you do?

1. Before transferring a patient or transporting him, you should definitely check whether, in addition to burns, there are also fractures, and whether the respiratory organs are affected.

2. Treat the affected surface with any improvised or folk remedies, this may aggravate the condition.

3. Without anesthesia and sterile bandages, try to clean the wound.

4. Apply bandages if you do not know how to do this in a particular case. Since an incorrectly applied bandage provokes increased swelling.

5. Use a tourniquet unless there is an emergency indication. The burn disease intensifies, there is a possibility of tissue death and subsequent amputation.

6. If there are several victims, you should first pay attention to those who are unconscious or in a state of shock, since their condition is worse than those who can call for help.

7. Do not puncture the resulting bubbles.

8. Do not remove clothing stuck to wounds.

First aid for thermal injury

1. Eliminate the heat source (fire, hot liquid, steam).

2. Remove the tissue from the affected area; in case of first or second degree damage, you need to pour cool water on the affected area for 5 - 10 minutes. If charring of the tissue or an open wound is observed (third and fourth degree), a clean, damp cloth is applied.

3. Give 500 ml of water with half a teaspoon of salt and a quarter teaspoon of soda to drink.

4. Give 0.05 g. diphenhydramine (can be given as an injection) and 1 - 2 g. aspirin.

5. Remove all things that can be removed from the affected part of the body, including jewelry, watches, belts; if clothing is stuck to the wound, it must be carefully trimmed around it.

6. Call an ambulance.
You should definitely call an ambulance if:
a child or an old man was injured,
the area of the affected surface is more than five palms of the victim himself,
there are open wounds,
the groin is affected,
head is affected
respiratory organs, mouth and nose,
two arms or two legs are affected (or one arm and one leg).

Bepanten is a Swiss drug based on provitamin B5, which helps restore damaged tissue cells and accelerate the process of skin regeneration after a burn, injury, etc.
Due to the dihydrochloride contained in chlorhexidine, the ointment has a strong antiseptic effect and prevents the development of infection in areas of skin damage. The drug is completely safe, so it can be used to treat burns even in the youngest children. Main contraindication: intolerance to the components of the product, side effects from the use of Bepanten ointment have not been identified.

Argosulfan is an antimicrobial drug that contains a substance active against various types of bacteria - sulfathiazole and silver ions, which help slow down the process of bacterial cell division.
The ointment is not prescribed for some hereditary diseases, intolerance to its components, pregnancy, lactation, and for the treatment of children under 2 months. Side effects from its use include: urticaria, itching, burning in the area of application, leukopenia.

Panthenol is a regenerating agent based on pantothenic acid derivatives, a tissue regeneration stimulator, available in the form of ointment, cream, spray, emulsion, and injection solution. The main active ingredient is dexpanthenol.

Levomekol is one of the drugs prescribed for 2-3 degree burns that helps accelerate the regeneration of damaged tissues. Active components of the ointment: methyluracil (accelerates the division of healthy cells, has a slight anti-inflammatory effect), chloramphenicol (an antibiotic active against various types of bacteria).
Levomekol is contraindicated in the presence of hypersensitivity to its components; treatment during pregnancy is carried out under the supervision of a specialist. Side effects of the drug include allergic skin rashes. The duration of treatment depends on the severity of the burn and the presence of complications.

Correct and timely treatment of the wound will not only help avoid various complications, but will also increase the speed of wound healing.

Treat the wound only with clean hands.
Before treatment, it is necessary to remove foreign bodies from the wound, then rinse with clean water (preferably boiled and running), do not use soap. If there are no foreign bodies in the wound, then immediately begin treatment.
If the wound is bleeding heavily, then you first need to stop the bleeding; cold can help you with this; it will constrict the blood vessels, which will reduce the flow of blood to the damaged area.
If the insides are visible from the wound, do not touch them, apply a bandage and consult a doctor.
After washing the wound, treat it with an antiseptic (for example, chlorhesidine). Remember that iodine and brilliant green are used only to treat the edges of the wound; these products should not be poured into the wound itself.
After you have treated the wound, it should be protected from dirt and germs. To do this, you will need a plaster, a bandage, and, if possible, a sterile napkin for treating wounds. If the wound is not large, then simply cover it with a band-aid so that the tissue layer is on the wound itself. If the wound is large, then you should apply a napkin moistened with an antiseptic to the wound, and then bandage it, or secure it with a plaster.
You should not just wrap the wound with a bandage - it will be difficult to change it, as it will stick to the wound.
The bandage should cover both the wound and some of the skin around it.
The bandage must be changed daily, but carefully so as not to disturb the damaged tissue.
If you do not have special means to treat the wound, you can cover it with a clean handkerchief.
If the wound is deep, you need to see a doctor to avoid disastrous consequences. The doctor will prescribe the necessary tests, possibly x-rays, and treatment.
Abrasions and minor scratches should not be bandaged. They heal better and faster outdoors.
If the napkin sticks to the wound, drop hydrogen peroxide on it and carefully separate it from the wound.

Everyone knows that hydrogen peroxide has a disfiguring effect, but it does not last very long. How to treat a wound with peroxide? A three percent peroxide solution is suitable for treating wounds; moisten a cotton swab or disk with this solution and treat the edges of the wound several times, then apply the moistened sterile napkin to the wound and bandage it.

How to treat an open wound

If the wound is bleeding and cold does not help, then apply a pressure bandage. Do not touch the wound with your hands; remove all foreign bodies, for this you can use treated tweezers, then treat the edges of the wound with an antiseptic. The wound dressing should not be very tight or thick.

How to treat a purulent wound

Treating such a wound simply with an antiseptic will not give the desired effect, since all the bacteria are contained in festering tissues. After the usual treatment of such a wound, you should apply Vishnevsky ointment (or its analogues) to a napkin and bandage it.

When answering the question of how to treat a wound, you should understand that if the wound is serious, then after the initial treatment, you need to see a doctor as soon as possible.

Antiseptics:

Zelenka. The use of brilliant green is prohibited if there is a heavily bleeding wound or damage to the mucous membrane. Only the edges of the wound.

Iodine 5% solution. The iodine solution should not be mixed with ammonia or ichthyol (ichthyol ointment); it should not be used to treat wounds on mucous surfaces. Only the edges of the wound.

Hydrogen peroxide 3% solution. A hydrogen peroxide solution is useful for soaking dried bandages. Hydrogen peroxide is very sensitive to storage in light: its antibacterial properties are inactivated within 24 hours, especially if the container with it has been left open.

Chlorhexidine digluconate. Available in the form of a solution. It has a fairly wide spectrum of action: it affects not only bacteria, but also viruses, protozoa and fungi. It is used for the initial treatment of wounds after it has been cleaned with hydrogen peroxide, and for the treatment of purulent wounds. To do this, you do not need to use a large amount of it; a few milliliters are enough, which are drawn into a syringe from which the wound is watered.

Potassium permanganate. A weak solution of this powder in saline solution (it should be barely pink) is used to wash wounds (both on the skin and mucous membranes) as both a primary treatment and those that have become suppurated, especially in cases where there is a danger of anaerobic microorganisms entering the wound . Before washing wounds, you need to prepare a fresh solution each time.

Alcohol. Only the edges of the wound.

Ointments for treating wounds:

Levomekol

Balm Vishnevsky

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After a burn occurs, healing of the affected tissue occurs over a long period of time. In some cases, the wound surface does not dry out, but rather gets wet. A weeping burn wound has its own treatment characteristics that must be taken into account. How to treat a weeping wound after a burn? What to do if the burn site gets wet? You will read about this and much more in our article.

Why does a wound after a burn not heal and become wet?

An open burn wound is a site of accumulation of pathogenic microorganisms. With proper treatment and normal functioning of the human immune system, the body successfully fights bacteria, viruses and fungi. However, if the protective forces are weakened, then active proliferation of microorganisms occurs.

One of the reasons for a weeping wound after a burn is the active reproduction and activity of pathogenic microflora.

Wetting of the burn also occurs due to the accumulation of lymph in the surrounding tissues and the penetration of fluid from the blood vessels into the wound cavity. This is the norm in the first 2 to 3 days after the burn, but then the wound should begin to dry out. When the fluid-filled blister bursts, the wound also becomes moist. But this is a temporary phenomenon.

There are groups of patients who are prone to developing weeping burns:

If you have diabetes. In patients with this diagnosis, healing of any wounds is difficult and long;
For immunodeficiency conditions (rheumatoid arthritis, HIV and others);
Aged people. In this case, regeneration occurs much slower.

Symptoms of a weeping burn wound

When a weeping burn develops, the following come to the fore: local symptoms of inflammation:

Pain that increases with palpation of the edges of the wound;
The skin around the wound changes color. They turn red;
Slight swelling of the wound;
Loose granulation, fills the wound;
Exudate is constantly released from the wound. Because of this, the bandage constantly gets wet.

It should be noted that the severity and severity of pathological symptoms depends on the severity of the burn. With 2nd degree burns, the signs are not clearly expressed. With deep injuries, there is an abundant release of exudate, which is often purulent in nature.

The pain in this case can be very pronounced. If proper treatment is not carried out in this case, the infection spreads beyond the burn wound. In severe cases, a general infection of the body develops - sepsis.

Rules for treating wound surfaces

If a weeping burn occurs, frequent dressings with appropriate treatment are required. Scheme for treating a weeping wound:

Dressing and treatment are carried out in the appropriate room (dressing room);
Instruments and dressings must be sterile;
The old bandage is removed carefully without causing pain to the patient. After which the used dressing material is placed in a container filled with a disinfectant;
The dressing is performed by a doctor and a nurse;
If the wound is deep, then it is washed to thoroughly remove purulent exudate;
If necessary, the doctor performs a revision of the wound;

Treatment of a weeping burn

Treatment of weeping wounds after a burn depends on the stage of the pathological process. There are 3 stages in the treatment of a weeping wound:

Inflammation. At this stage of the pathological process, the clinical picture is clear. There is copious discharge of exudate;
Regeneration. When the burn dries, active work begins on the formation of new cells (epithelialization). The wound surface is covered with delicate and thin young skin;
Scarring. The final stage of burn healing is when the new skin becomes strong. In some cases, large scars form.

The duration of each stage depends on:

The age and general health of the patient;
Correctness of the treatment;
Timely seeking medical help.

Drying ointments

Ointments that have a drying effect are used in the phase of active inflammation, when exudate is released in large quantities.

Medications to help dry a weeping burn:

Levomekol. This ointment has an intense antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effect. The advantage of this is that it remains effective even in the presence of purulent and sanguineous exudate. The ointment should be applied to the damaged surface under the bandage up to 2 times a day;

In addition to ointments, hydrogen peroxide will help dry a wet wound. It is recommended to use it with every dressing.

Zinc ointment not only dries out the burn, but also prevents pyogenic bacteria from multiplying. The ointment is applied to the wound treated with an antiseptic up to 4 times a day. For minor burns, no bandages are required over the ointment. If the burn wound is large and deep, then a bandage is applied over the ointment;
Argosulfan- ointment with silver. It is used in the treatment of weeping burns of 2 and 3 degrees of severity up to 3 times a day. The ointment is applied to the burn both under a bandage and without it.

Wound healing agents

Wound healing agents are used in the form of ointments and powders:

Levosin. This ointment has the following effects: antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, analgesic. You need to smear a weeping burn once a day;
Solcoseryl. The ointment helps improve nutrition and respiration of damaged tissues. Tissues are restored faster. In the inflammation phase, it is recommended to use the drug in gel form; when the wound dries, you can use an ointment;

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Baneocin(in ointment and powder form). Treatment is carried out during the active phase of inflammation. The powder is evenly distributed over the surface of the weeping burn once a day. The ointment can also be used both during the period of active exudate secretion and during the healing period. The ointment is used up to 3 times a day under a bandage;
Povidone-iodine in the form of a gel and solution for topical use. This iodine-based drug has regenerating and anti-inflammatory properties. The solution is diluted in water and the wound surface is treated with it.

Antiseptic solutions

Antiseptics are widely used in the treatment of weeping wounds after a burn. You can treat a weeping wound after a burn using the following means:

Miramistin– a universal antiseptic that can cope with a large number of pathogenic microorganisms. sprayed onto the wound with each dressing and treatment;
Chlorhexidine. This is a broad-spectrum antiseptic that is also active against fungi. The solution is used for washing and irrigating the wound surface;
Streptocide in powder form. This is an antibacterial agent that is distributed on the wound surface after pre-treatment of the wound with one of the antiseptic solutions;
Hydrogen peroxide dries out and has a detrimental effect on anaerobic bacteria. Peroxide is used to wash and treat wounds with each dressing.

Regeneration drugs

During the healing process, drugs are used that promote:

Improving tissue nutrition;
Acceleration of epithelization;
Healing of damaged tissues;
Moisturize the affected areas.

The drug of choice in this case is. During the period of active regeneration, ointment or cream is used.

The drug is applied to the wound 1 – 2 times a day. The duration of treatment is individual and determined by the attending physician. Ointments and gels also used for burns:

Bepanthen ointment. Eliminates inflammation, helps restore damaged tissue. applied to a cleaned wound both under a bandage and without it.
Actovegin in the form of tablets and solution for injection. It helps improve blood circulation at the site of injury. In the form of ointment, gel and cream, the drug is used topically. Moreover, this drug not only accelerates healing, but also dries the wound surface.
Olazol is a wound-healing drug that is used at any stage of the inflammatory process and regeneration. also helps eliminate signs of inflammation and infection.

Remedies for skin scarring

During the scarring process, drugs are used that prevent the growth and formation of scars. Such drugs include:

Contractubex. This drug has a number of medicinal properties: anti-inflammatory, regenerating, antithrombic, fibrinolytic. The gel is applied under the occlusion, at the rate of 0.5 centimeters of gel per area of 20 centimeters;

All anti-scar medications are effective for small, shallow scars. They only slightly smooth out large scars. This is due to deep soft tissue damage.

Vitamin complexes, which contain vitamins A, C, E. They help improve the body’s production of collagen, which is so necessary for the proper healing of a wound after a burn;
Dermatix(gel). This drug can be used when the burn site has healed well. It helps to even out the color of the skin at the burn site, improve blood supply to the wound surface, and moisturize the tissue.

Traditional methods of treatment

If the burn becomes wet, you should seek help from a doctor. There are, of course, many traditional medicine recipes that promise to cope with this disease. However, it should be remembered that self-medication is unacceptable.

Before using traditional methods, you must consult a specialist and make sure there are no contraindications. Let's consider the most effective folk remedies, which are used for weeping burn wounds:

Aloe juice. The fleshy leaves of the plant must be washed and dried. After that, the juice should be squeezed out of the pulp of this plant, which is used to soak gauze or a bandage and make bandages with this product;
Chamomile decoction. This solution has an antiseptic and drying effect. To prepare a chamomile decoction, you need to take 2 tablespoons of dry chamomile herb and 250 milliliters of boiling water. After 30 minutes, the solution must be filtered;
Fresh potato juice. The root vegetable must be washed, peeled and grated. The juice is squeezed out of the resulting pulp and used to soak dressing material (bandage, gauze);
Calendula decoction. This solution is used to treat and wash the wound surface. To prepare this decoction, you need to take 2 tablespoons of dried calendula and 1 cup of boiling water. After 30 minutes, strain the solution and it can be used for its intended purpose;
Onion. The onion head is crushed to a pulp and applied to the weeping burn, first wrapped in a bandage or gauze.

When to see a doctor

If the patient notices that the burn does not heal for a long time or begins to get wet, then you should immediately contact a specialist for help. Only a doctor can prescribe the correct treatment, which will prevent the development of severe complications. Symptoms for which you should consult a doctor:

Isolation of serous exudate and pus from the wound surface;
Increasing pain or its reappearance after subsiding;
Hyperemia and swelling;
Chills and increased local and general body temperature.

A surgeon treats a weeping and purulent wound after a burn. You should contact the clinic. If necessary, the doctor will give a referral to a surgical hospital. If you have a weeping wound of a 2nd degree burn, you can also consult a dermatologist.

Wound healing time

Wound healing after a burn depends on several factors:

Presence of complications. With purulent, necrotic and inflammatory complications, healing is delayed for a long time;
Patient's age. The younger the person, the faster the healing occurs;
Timely consultation with a doctor;
Treatment provided;
The presence of chronic pathologies and immunodeficiency pathological conditions.

For small and shallow burns, healing occurs in 1 to 2 weeks. If the burn begins to go silent, the recovery time increases by 7 to 10 days.

With deep and weeping wounds, healing is long and difficult. Restoration of damaged tissue occurs within several months. Often in this case, scarring changes in the skin are formed.

Possible complications

Burn wounds are dangerous due to the development of a number of complications:

Wound infection. An open and weeping burn is a favorable environment for the development of pathogenic microorganisms. An infected burn wound does not heal for a long time and is characterized by the presence of severe symptoms (pain, increased temperature in the wound area, swelling and separation of pus from the wound surface);
Ulcer formation and gangrene of the limb. This complication occurs when there is no adequate treatment or medications are selected incorrectly;
Sepsis. General blood poisoning leads to infection of the entire body. As a result, multiple organ failure occurs. This complication is dangerously fatal. The patient experiences a sharp and persistent increase in body temperature, severe weakness, dizziness, loss of consciousness, and chills.