home Folk remedies Methodology for organizing extracurricular activities in elementary school. Extracurricular activity: script, topics, development

Methodology for organizing extracurricular activities in elementary school. Extracurricular activity: script, topics, development

In order for the above requirements to be implemented in practice, there is a certain sequence in organizing extracurricular activities. It can be used both for individual and mass work. In extracurricular work there is a lot of room for teacher creativity in choosing the content, forms and methods of classes. However, the methodology for their implementation should have some general points: first of all, it is necessary that the main stages of the implementation of the educational event be traced. This is the study and setting of educational tasks, preparation and modeling of the upcoming extracurricular activity, practical implementation of the model and analysis of the work done.

1. Study and setting educational goals. This stage is aimed at studying the characteristics of each student and the class as a whole and identifying the most pressing tasks for implementing effective educational influence. The purpose of the stage is an objective assessment of pedagogical reality, which consists in determining its positive aspects (the best in the child, the team), and what needs adjustment, formation and selection of the most important tasks.

The study is carried out using well-known methods of pedagogical research, the leading among which at this stage is observation. Through observation, the teacher collects information about students and the team. An informative method is conversation, not only with students, but also with parents and teachers working in the classroom.

In individual work, the study of the products of a child’s activity is of great importance: drawings, crafts, poems, stories, etc. In the study of a group, the method of sociometry is informative, with the help of which the teacher learns about the most popular and unpopular students, the presence of small groups, and the nature of the relationships between them.

2. Preparation and modeling of upcoming extracurricular educational work involves the teacher constructing a model of a certain form of activity. Even for a talented teacher, the success of extracurricular activities depends largely on previous preparation for them. Therefore, each event should, first of all, be methodically developed and its implementation modeled.

The plan is drawn up by the teacher with the involvement of students. In high school, they can do this work themselves under the guidance of a teacher. The ability to plan an educational event is one of the elements of the scientific organization of work of teachers and students in the field of extracurricular activities. educational extracurricular game teacher

The simulation results are reflected in the extracurricular activity plan, which has the following structure:

The title reflects the theme of the extracurricular activity. It should not only accurately reflect the content, but also be concise and attractive in form.

It is advisable to begin preparation by defining the educational and educational goals and objectives of the event, selecting appropriate forms and methods of implementation, as well as the purpose and place in the system of work with this team. This, first of all, demonstrates an integrated approach to education. Therefore, it is important to identify in advance as fully as possible the educational possibilities of the planned activity, to establish a connection between this event and others that together make up the system of educational work. When preparing an event, it is useful to take into account previous educational activities in this group of students and its results.

The purpose of an extracurricular activity should reflect developmental, corrective, formative, educational functions, while the teaching function can act as one of the tasks. Obviously, just communicating new knowledge cannot be the goal of an extracurricular activity. Objectives must be very specific and reflect this content. They should not be universal. The more specific and diagnostic the purpose and objectives of an extracurricular activity are formulated, the more specific the teacher’s ideas about the desired results will be.

In accordance with the purpose, objectives, priority functions of extracurricular work and the results of the study, the content is clarified, specific forms, methods, and means are selected.

Equipment for extracurricular activities includes various means: manuals, toys, videos, slides, software, literature, information resources, music, etc. It is important to prepare tables and chairs for the jury and teams on time; Whatman paper, paper, pencils and pens; assignment boards, crayons and rags, etc.

The central place in the preparation of an educational event is occupied by the selection of material. Depending on the nature of the work, this requires different amounts of time. Thus, a lot of time is required to select material for a debate, evening, review: it is used by the teacher and students to read literature, students to complete various tasks and projects, collect facts, prepare reports, speeches, etc. This preliminary work with students sometimes turns out to be the most significant in educational terms. But even if the selection of material does not require a long time (an excursion to a computer center or a trip to the cinema), the teacher needs to familiarize himself with the object of the visit in advance.

The form of extracurricular activities can be an excursion, a quiz, a competition, an Olympiad, etc. In this case, the plan combines the form of the lesson with the name, for example: “Traffic Rules Quiz”, “Tournament of Young Traffic Inspectors”, “Excursion to a Driving School”, “Traffic Rules Game”.

The venue is determined by the number of participants, the form of the event, requirements for material resources, etc. (informatics room, assembly hall, gym, etc.).

The lesson plan includes a description of the content, methods of education and can be either a detailed, sequential presentation of the scenario or a thesis plan. When modeling the course of a lesson, you need to take into account its duration and structure. An extracurricular activity can range from 15-20 minutes for elementary school students to 1-2 hours for middle-aged and older students.

It should be noted that such an important element of event preparation as organizational work. The teacher leads it, involving students. He monitors the distribution of orders, helps them complete them, and controls them. Responsible tasks can be given to classes and groups of students. To organize large events, it is advisable to create organizing committees and hold competitions for the best preparation. At the same time, relying on the initiative of students, the teacher helps them develop organizational skills and abilities, teaches them independence and responsibility.

Announcements about the event must be prepared and posted on time, and the day before it - posters with reminders: “Are you coming to KVN?”, “KVN at ... o’clock”, “Everyone is at KVN”. In a market economy, it is important to find sponsors and prepare prizes for the winners.

3. The practical implementation of the model is aimed at implementing the planned educational work in the real pedagogical process.

To maintain the interest and attention of students, the event should be organized, dynamic, and without pauses. Much depends on the presenter, his preparedness, erudition, ability to be a good organizer, show resourcefulness and flexibility in unexpected situations, win over listeners, and establish contact with them. In unestablished groups, regardless of the age of the students, teachers usually conduct educational classes themselves. In the process of strengthening the team, the leadership of students’ activities becomes more and more indirect (influence through an asset, reliance on amateur performance). As they gain experience, the teacher can assign them to conduct some forms of extracurricular activities themselves, while maintaining control of the situation.

When conducting extracurricular activities, the teacher must also ensure that all participants are on site on time, that technical means do not fail, that the planned work plan is maintained over time, otherwise a well-conceived, carefully planned lesson may turn out to be ineffective.

Particular attention should be paid to holding complex events (long game, computer creativity show, computer science week, month of physical and mathematical sciences). They should represent a cycle of links connected by a single plan and purpose.

For the purpose of effective practical implementation in general class lessons that are varied in content and methods, one should adhere to four main stages of the lesson.

1. Organizational moment (0.5-3 min).

Pedagogical goal: to switch students to extracurricular activities, to arouse interest in it and positive emotions.

Typical mistakes: duplicating the beginning of the lesson, prolongation.

Recommendations: the effective switching of students to extracurricular activities is facilitated by non-traditional, entertaining material in the organizational moment: the use of a riddle, a problematic question, a game moment, sound recording, students moving to another room, etc.

2. Introductory part (from 1/5 to 1/3 of the time of the entire lesson).

Pedagogical goal: to activate students, to position them for educational influence. The teacher determines how much his pedagogical forecast coincides with reality regarding the students’ capabilities, their personal qualities, level of awareness on a given topic, emotional mood, level of activity, interest, etc. At this stage, the teacher needs not only to captivate the students, but also to determine whether adjustments need to be made to the course of the lesson and what nature they should be.

A typical mistake is ignoring this stage because the teacher is afraid of an unexpected reaction from the students, that they may say or do something different from what the teacher expects. The teacher builds the introductory part not on the child’s activity, but on his own, excluding feedback, assigning students the role of passive listeners, without attaching importance to the emotional mood of the students.

In the first case, the questions, in the second, the tasks should not only be interesting, but also structured in such a way that they provide information to the teacher about readiness to perceive the prepared material. In the introductory part, students’ initial ideas about the upcoming event should be formed, their activities should be organized (familiarity with the assessment system, event plan, division into teams). Clear evaluation criteria must be given and the necessary rules explained.

3. The main part should be the longest in time (slightly more than 1/3 of the total class time).

Pedagogical goal: implementation of the main idea of the event.

Typical mistakes: the activity of the teacher with partial or complete passivity of the students, lack of visibility and general poverty of the use of means and methods, the predominance of methods of forming consciousness over methods of forming behavior, creating a learning atmosphere in the lesson, edification, moralizing.

Recommendations: the educational effect in the implementation of extracurricular activities is higher if students are as active as possible. In activating students in extracurricular activities, the creation of a special emotional atmosphere, different from the lesson, is of paramount importance.

The effectiveness of the main part increases if the teacher uses as many methods as possible for shaping behavior: exercise, game, assignment; includes various types of activities: labor, creative, gaming, etc. When uniting students into teams when organizing various types of activities, the teacher must place students so that they can freely communicate with each other, distribute responsibilities so that everyone feels part of the team, and did not speak only for himself. When giving time to complete an assignment, you should allow a few minutes for the team to discuss and ask for the team representative that students choose. Only in this case do students have a common goal of activity, different functions and motives for cooperation.

Methods for forming consciousness should contribute to the formation of students’ beliefs and effective ethical concepts. For these purposes, it is effective to modify the story method into a message, a student’s report, and use discussion more often. In extracurricular mass forms of educational work, students should be taught the rules of discussion.

4. Final part (from 1/4 to less than 1/5 of the time).

Pedagogical goal: to set students up for the practical application of acquired experience in their extracurricular life and determine to what extent they succeeded in realizing the idea of the lesson. Thus, the final part gives the teacher the opportunity to realize educational influence on the child in a different environment.

Typical mistakes: this part is ignored altogether or reduced to questions like: “Did you like it?”, “What new did you learn?”

Recommendations: specific test tasks in an attractive form for students: crossword puzzle, mini-quiz, blitz, game situation, etc. to determine primary results. Various recommendations for students on how to apply their acquired experience in life. This could be a display of books on a given issue, a discussion of situations in which students can apply the skills and information acquired in class. Advice to students on applying the experience gained: what they can tell their loved ones, what to ask about this topic; where you can go, what you need to pay attention to, what you can play, what you can do yourself, etc. In the final part, you can find out whether the topic of the lesson needs further development and how this can be done? The teacher can use the final part to develop students’ initiative in carrying out subsequent activities.

4. Analysis of the work performed is aimed at comparing the formed model with the real implementation, identifying successful and problematic issues, their causes and consequences. The element of setting a task for further educational work is very important. This stage is very important for adjusting educational tasks, content, forms and planning further extracurricular activities.

Summing up the results of the educational event is an important point that is often underestimated. Here the role of the teacher and methodologist is especially responsible, who must make a qualified conclusion, evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the work done.

The analysis of the results of the event should be carried out systematically, since only by relying on what has been achieved can one successfully move forward, consolidate the best, and get rid of shortcomings. Such an analysis of the results has two main functions - organizing and educating. Regular analysis contributes to better organization of work and encourages you to take the assigned work more seriously, since its results and results do not go unnoticed, but are evaluated. Analysis is also a good school for cultivating observation, self-criticism, demandingness, forming public opinion, correct attitude to criticism, and improving pedagogical skills.

When analyzing an educational event, you should first of all record positive results, indicate those techniques, conditions, methods that led to success, and look for the reasons for failure. A qualified summing up creates the conditions for informed planning and improving the quality of all educational work in the future. Pedagogical analysis of each event conducted can be carried out in accordance with the following main criteria:

1) presence of a goal;
2) relevance and modernity of the topic;
3) its focus;
4) depth and scientific content, compliance with the age characteristics of students;
5) the preparedness of the teacher and students for work, the organization and clarity of its implementation.

The quality of an educational event can also be judged by the reaction of students. Their attention, emotional mood, interest in what is happening, activity or, conversely, indifference speak volumes. More distant observations of the behavior of schoolchildren, conversations with them, and questionnaires allow a deeper assessment of the effectiveness of the work done.

The state and results of extracurricular and extracurricular work must be systematically discussed at pedagogical councils and methodological associations. Schoolchildren should also be involved in evaluating the educational activities carried out, and school radio, wall newspapers, and exhibitions should be used for these purposes. The results of such forms of work as competitions, shows, contests, months, etc., require extensive discussion in the team.

As a result of studying the problem, we came to the following conclusions:

1. Extracurricular activities are events, activities, situations in a team, organized by teachers or anyone else for students with the purpose of direct educational influence on them.

The purpose of extracurricular activities is to ensure the comprehensive and harmonious development of schoolchildren. This requirement meets the basic idea of education - to raise a person who harmoniously combines spiritual wealth, moral purity and physical perfection.

2. All of these types of extracurricular activities in most cases are closely related to each other, have much in common and are aimed at developing students’ interest in the subject and logical thinking.
3. The general conditions for organizing any extracurricular activities of students are:
- * taking into account the interests and needs of students in a particular class;
- * clear planning of extracurricular activities, determination of its final results;
- * close connection with other subjects;
- - attention to socially useful activities of students.

Game as a form of leisure time

The two most serious purposes of the game:

1. as a means of teaching and education (a form of folk pedagogy);
2. genetic and functional basis of art (a form of convention and transformation).

A game is a form of a person spending his free time, which, as a rule, is not aimed at achieving any practical result, represents individual or collective entertainment, is regulated by rules, is based on folk or group traditions, thanks to which it can be implemented by any person easily and with pleasure.

Incentives for the game:

1. imitation (mummers, adults, etc.);
2. competition;
3. wish (loaf, etc.);
4. assistance (games to the rescue);
5. self-affirmation (trickle, intellectual games, computer games);
6. excitement (games to win).

Performed:Asanova Emine Lutfievna,

primary school teacher

MKOU "Bakhchisarai Secondary School No. 1"

BAKCHISARAI 2016

Forms of organization and conduct extracurricular activities

Students' extracurricular time, like the lesson, should be filled with content that is interesting and exciting.

Our student is not only a schoolchild, but, above all, a person with multifaceted interests, requests, and aspirations.

What will he be like when he grows up?

This is not an idle question - it is a question of life. To educate a citizen who is purposeful, convinced, creatively thinking, kind and sympathetic is the duty of every teacher-educator.

A well-thought-out system of working with children outside of school hours will help solve this problem.

This work has various forms: classes, holidays, poetry readings, intellectual battles, subject rooms, KVN, quizzes, discussions, heart-to-heart conversations, competitions, rush hours, stage pictures, excursions, brain rings, etc.

Class hour - the main form of work of the class teacher, where schoolchildren, under the guidance of the class teacher, are involved in specially organized activities that contribute to the formation of a system of relationships with the world around them, with each other, with themselves.

Classroom functions :

Educational – the class hour expands the range of knowledge of students that is not reflected in the curriculum.

Orienting - the class hour forms value orientations among students, a certain attitude towards the world around them, towards what is happening in it.

Guide – the class hour helps to transfer theoretical knowledge into the field of practice, to direct students to real practical affairs.

Formative – the class hour contributes to the formation of basic skills (due to the variety of activities), strengthens relationships in the children's team.The main directions in the subject of classroom hours. …… *Civic-patriotic education. *Moral education. *Environmental education. *Physical education and healthy lifestyle. *Labor education. *Aesthetic education.

KVN ( club of cheerful and resourceful) is a competition between two or more teams of 10-13 people. Teams can be formed from one or more classes, the rest of the participants are fans. A jury (3-5 people) is elected to evaluate the results of competitions. Each team prepares a greeting for their opponents and homework. Before each competition, the host explains in detail and clearly the conditions of the competition and the number of points for a correct, original answer. Conditions are developed for the jury: the maximum number of points for each competition, criteria for summing up the results, time for announcing the results.

KVN structure:

- greeting teams;

- warm-up;

- competitions;

- captains competition;

- competition for the best homework.

Special competitions are organized for fans, and thus they can bring additional points to their teams. The topics and content of competitions can be very diverse: literary, mathematical, historical, environmental courses, etc., or complex in nature, from different fields of knowledge.

Contest is a personal or team competition aimed at identifying the best participants and performers of work. A competition can be an independent form of work, for example: music, folklore, dance, poetry or entertainment in the form of a ditty competition, etc. Competitions can be an integral part of holidays (brain rings and other forms).

Quiz - an educational game consisting of questions and answers on topics from various fields of science, technology, literature and art. It is of great importance for expanding the educational horizons of students. Widely used in working with children of different age groups. A special feature of the quiz is the selection of questions taking into account the age of the children and their level of knowledge.

Discussion - organizing an exchange of opinions between students. It involves dividing the class into groups of 4-5, 6-10 people, whose members act as leaders or participants. The main condition for preparing participants and discussions is: familiarizing everyone with the information that other participants have; encouraging different approaches to discussion; various discrepancies of opinions and proposals are allowed; providing the opportunity to criticize and reject any statement, opinion or decision; encouraging students to seek group agreement in the form of a common opinion or solution. The discussion can take the form of a debate, an expert group meeting, a round table, or a forum.

Structure of the discussion :

Choosing a topic, problem.

Preparatory work (questionnaire, survey, interview).

Selection of literature on the topic, statements of great people, design of exhibitions, wall newspapers.

Selection of main issues for discussion.

Greeting (reminder of a controversial situation).

Adopting the rules of discussion.

The main part (consistently raising questions for discussion, summing up each issue, analyzing questionnaires or essays, reviewing different points of view on a given problem).

Summarizing.

Holidays - a mass event dedicated to dates and events of a national, school-wide or class nature or held in accordance with the traditions of an educational institution. If the holiday is dedicated to special dates, then it includes 2 parts:

- the ceremonial part in the form of congratulations, greetings, summing up;

- entertainment concert; performances, solo performances, games, parodies, attractions.

Excursions - going out, traveling, visiting places of interest together. It may be of an educational or cultural-educational nature. Preliminary preparation is required both on the part of the organizers and on the part of the participants.

Brain-ring is organized in three rounds, in each round the game goes to three points. You are given one minute to think about the questions. After the second round, the team with the fewest points is eliminated. The winner is the team that wins the last round. The order of entry into the game is determined by drawing lots. During breaks between tours, music or game breaks are organized.

A game - competition, competition between children according to pre-agreed and defined rules. The form of organization of games is varied in nature, these are: didactic, role-playing, business, simulation and modeling. Games of an intellectual and entertaining nature are widely used in practice.

Role-playing game . 1.Choosing a topic.

2. Distribution of roles.

3. Definition of the functions of each role.

4. Rules and incentive factors that create a competitive effect.

5. Acting out problematic situations in accordance with the role.

6. Summarizing.

Travel game.

Preparing participants to perceive the travel game.

Gathering-start (rules of the game, method of assessing the results of the team’s activities at the stages).

Movement of teams along the route.

Participation of teams in activities organized at stages.

Gathering-finish (summarizing, awarding the winners).

Subject living rooms

Subject living rooms will help to increase interest in knowledge and broaden the horizons of students. For example, literary living rooms, where the subject of conversation can be the work of any writer not very well known to children; geographical, where in the form of travel (correspondence) one gets to know different countries.

What is typical for living rooms ?

Arranging chairs so that children can see each other's faces; the presence of emblems of the subject, vivid statements on the topic, interesting puzzles, crosswords. Presenters are selected (2-3 people). Guests (guys) enter the living room, uttering some popular expressions on this or that subject. In the living room, some messages can be heard according to its topic and dialogues can be held, small discussions on the issue raised and, of course, there should be something entertaining, for example, a “Guess” game.

Children's group - this is a small country in which it is necessary to build life so that everyone feels the need and need of the other.

Education is a great thing: it decides a person’s fate.

Modern extracurricular school activities are considered to be one of the most important parts of any teacher. The implementation of such activities leads to an educational influence on schoolchildren.

At the moment, extracurricular activities within a school institution are usually understood as certain classes or activities in a team, which must be carried out directly by the teacher himself or by other school employees. Such actions, as a rule, should be educational in nature for students of any age category.

Today, there are a variety of forms of events at school, but more on that a little later. In principle, most often such events include a variety of games, educational excursions, visits to museums, etc. The effectiveness and efficiency of such teaching methods largely depends on the selection of methods and techniques for such a learning process.

But at the same time, the importance of influencing schoolchildren to behave correctly and effectively selecting types of school activities cannot be overlooked. Any teacher knows that quite often a student’s interest in a certain school discipline can only be aroused through some extracurricular activity. Exactly the same methods can significantly influence the selection of a future profession for a modern schoolchild.

So, probably many people want to know what types of school events exist today? In principle, conducting events in a school can be based on a variety of methods. The most common activities in a school institution are considered to be creative activities, the organization of various clubs, various exhibitions, olympiads and collective competitions.

No less interesting school events are considered to be the organization of mass holidays by the teacher or other school staff, as well as conferences for older students. Moreover, each such event implies its implementation in several stages. The first stage is to prepare for the event. The second stage involves the process of holding a specific school event. And finally, the third stage is to analyze the work done.

Organizers of school events at the extracurricular level usually require certain expenses from teachers, which are intended to prepare this type of activity, since it is necessary to find interesting and educational material on a certain topic. After all, this event, first of all, should not only simply interest schoolchildren, but also lure them into such an amazing world of science.

In this case, it is necessary to carefully plan all the available stages of a particular event, select methods and techniques for presenting information, and decide on the type of organization of the lesson. After all, only in such a situation will all such developments of activities at school be able, in the end, to bring the most effective results.

In addition, with regard to what types of scenarios can be used by a teacher in his work, it is worth noting that the very scenario of an event within a school institution implies a careful development of the content of the event, which is presented in the correct logical chain. Directly in the script itself, the main theme of the event must be fully disclosed, as well as the final goals.

The most important condition during the writing of any such school script is considered to be the specification of the general task, the search and coverage of the most problematic aspects of the raised issue that worries society the most. Any extracurricular school event is often timed to coincide with a specific celebration, a specific person or significant event.

It is considered to be largely important here that the pre-compiled script for any school event must necessarily correspond to the age of the students. Today, quite often events are organized within the school that raise such a rather important problem as the effects of narcotic substances on the human body or safety rules during contact with certain species of animals.

So, everything is probably clear about what types of events exist in school today, but what they are intended for still needs to be clarified. In order for such work done to bring the maximum amount of benefit as a result, the event scenario must in any case consist of a well-developed and logically presented specific plot.

At the same time, the presence of a conflict situation is considered to be a mandatory element. After all, a script without such an element may not be so bright and not so arousing the attention of schoolchildren. After a school event of various forms has been completed, the teacher needs to analyze this event. At the moment, there are several varieties of modern school activities under the guise of psychological and pedagogical analysis and, accordingly, subject-content analysis.

In the second option, the content base of the event and the methods of moral education used are analyzed. But in the first case, it is necessary to consider the event from the point of view of the teacher himself. In this situation, the validity of the topic of a particular event is assessed. And only then can you begin to analyze the main goals and established objectives of a certain event within the school institution.

The activity of schoolchildren during such classes allows us to assess how well the teacher managed to convey the selected school material to the students and whether the methods of conducting the event were chosen correctly. And finally, the very last stage of such independent analysis is considered to be the determination of the pedagogical value of the event and the significance of the actions for the subsequent development of any student individually or directly in the team itself.

Any teacher, in addition to everything else, must also carry out self-analysis of the actions performed. Such an analysis makes it possible to correctly assess whether the school event was carried out as effectively as possible. In addition, the teacher can also determine the level of his own teaching skills. It is likely that the event organizer will then be able to clearly determine what needs to be adjusted and what needs to be excluded altogether.

Thus, although there are many varieties and forms of school activities today, they are all aimed at the development of the child and solving certain important problems.

What is an extracurricular activity? How is it different from a regular curriculum session? What are the topics of extracurricular activities and how are their developments and scenarios drawn up? All these questions will be answered in this article.

What is an extracurricular activity?

The answer to this question is already contained in the definition itself. This is not a lesson, not a required school activity. Initially, it was understood that the event itself should be held outside the classroom. That is, the concept of “extracurricular activities” included excursions, hikes, visits to theaters, museums, school-wide holidays and Olympiads held at different levels.

Today, the fact where exactly the event takes place is no longer so important - in the home class or in a neighboring school. An extracurricular activity is an activity that is not included in the school curriculum. This is not a lesson - that is its main feature.

What is the main difference between an extracurricular activity and a lesson?

Attending lessons, completing assignments in class and at home, answering teacher questions and receiving grades for this - all this is the responsibility of every student. Extracurricular activities are attended only by those who are interested. Whether to take part or remain a simple observer during “extracurricular activities” is also something every child and teenager decides for himself.

Extracurricular activities are often held at school that are designed for the entire team. That's what they call them - school-wide. However, visiting them cannot be made mandatory. The task of educators and teachers is to build a scenario for extracurricular activities in such a way that the students themselves become interested, and they do not need to be forcibly gathered in the assembly hall, or set up a guard at the door to catch those who want to go home.

What do in-class activities and extra-curricular activities have in common?

Although the development of extracurricular activities by the teacher itself is carried out on the basis of the same methods as planning the main educational activities. For example, when drawing up its script, it is mandatory to set goals such as educational and educational ones. Students should learn something new at each lesson, as well as in a lesson, and acquire a useful practical skill that will be useful in life. Such classes stimulate the desire to learn school subjects more deeply, help to reveal the creative potential of the growing individual, get to know each other better, contribute to the emergence and strengthening of friendship between children, and teach them to live and work in a team.

When should extracurricular activities be held?

And again the answer to the question lies on the surface. Classes are called extracurricular because the lessons that take place in the classroom should already be over. Extracurricular activities should not coincide with school hours. Unfortunately, the teaching staff of the current school very often violates this important rule. Often, olympiads or district-level reading competitions take place precisely at the time when children should be sitting at their desks in their own classroom. Not only are students disrupted from classes, such events take a large number of teachers away from their educational activities: the child needs an accompanying person, and judges are needed on the jury.

Types of extracurricular activities

There are a lot of options for activities outside of program lessons. These can be both events in academic subjects (electives, quizzes, club activities, olympiads, meetings of scientific societies, conferences, competitions, etc.), and educational events (excursions to museums and interesting places, visits to theaters, classes in creative clubs directions, preparing concerts, staging performances, holding fairs of handicrafts and other collective creative activities). Even a simple walk in the schoolyard can turn into a full-fledged extracurricular activity if the teacher teaches the children something, if they gain some new knowledge and become at least a little kinder, more tolerant, and more interested.

How to emphasize the differences between lessons and extracurricular activities?

Unfortunately, many students do not see the difference between lessons and electives, olympiads and tests, conferences and, again, regular lessons. And the teachers who do not know how to approach their work creatively are to blame for this.

But it is very important to ensure that the development of an extracurricular activity is fundamentally different from a classroom lesson. Even if an extracurricular activity has a lot in common with the topic of the lesson, it should not become an ordinary additional activity. This should be a different world, not a boring dull lesson, but a small holiday.

If it is not possible to hold an extracurricular activity outside the walls of your own class, then you can, for example, change the appearance of the room:

rearrange the tables in a circle or in pairs so that the children sit in groups of four facing each other,
decorate the walls with posters, large flowers, wall newspapers;
develop original paraphernalia used only in these classes - ties, breastplates, caps.

"Mom, Dad, I am a math family"

If desired, even an ordinary extracurricular math activity can be turned into an exciting team competition. Here, just as it happens in “Fun Starts,” family teams are organized that go through stage after stage and gain points.

The scenario for the extracurricular activity “Mom, Dad, Me - a Mathematical Family” may include a creative element - the presentation of teams. This will be homework for the participants. Let the preparation of costumes, emblems or other paraphernalia that would distinguish members of one team from another also rest on the shoulders of the players themselves.

You can include elements from KVN in an extracurricular activity in mathematics:

warm-up, where team members select answers to the presenter’s questions in one minute;
captain's competition;
“serve-return”, when teams take turns asking their opponents questions and problems prepared in advance.

However, this event should still be based on the idea of showing students the importance of mathematical skills in real life and teaching them how to use them in practice.

If teams play with elementary school students, they should be offered tasks to calculate the cost of goods, calculate the cost of paying for electricity, and calculate the required number of seeds for planting in a box or in a garden bed.

Older children can prepare more difficult tasks. For example, calculate the weight of a hippopotamus if it is known that it is lighter than half an elephant by two monkeys and two watermelons. And an elephant is 110 monkeys and 50 watermelons heavier than a hippopotamus. Imagine the answer in monkeys and watermelons.

An unconventional approach to a subject that half the class finds boring and uninteresting can radically change attitudes towards it. And let not all students fall in love with mathematics after the first such event. But the fact that they will have a desire to learn more about it is an indisputable fact.

Along with compulsory training sessions, educational institutions organize other types of activities that are voluntary. These classes are aimed at satisfying the creative and cognitive needs of schoolchildren. Such forms of activities at school are called extracurricular or extracurricular.

The name speaks for itself: classes are held outside the schedule of compulsory lessons at school. Schoolchildren from various parallels and classes can participate in them at their own request. Extracurricular activities at school are divided into several types depending on the goals, and for each there are many options for forms of implementation.

Goals and objectives of extracurricular activities at school

One of the priority tasks for today in the context of reforming the Russian education system is improving the quality of social education of children and developing their creative abilities. Extracurricular activities as one of the forms of school activity successfully meet these requirements, combining the functions of education, training and development of the student’s personality.

Extracurricular activities, wisely organized in an educational institution, help socialize the younger generation, increase the student’s motivation for learning in general or contribute to the development of interest in a specific academic subject, develop individuality, independence, and promote personal self-realization.

Try it for free! For passing - a certificate of advanced training. Training materials are presented in the format of visual notes with video lectures by experts, accompanied by the necessary templates and examples.

Optional classes differ from lessons in new forms of mastering knowledge and skills, a psychological orientation towards students’ creativity and active involvement in the educational process, productive learning without the need to memorize the material and maintain strict discipline.

Three types of extracurricular activities at school

All extracurricular activities can be classified according to the goals that are achieved during their implementation. Thus, there are three types of extracurricular activities at school:

educational and educational;
leisure;
sports and recreation.

Educational extracurricular activities are aimed at enhancing the cognitive activity of students, expanding the range of their interests, deepening knowledge, and developing the student’s civic position.

The leisure type of extracurricular activities is aimed at students acquiring new skills and abilities, the need for which arises outside of traditional educational activities. Entertaining events help to diversify school everyday life and unite students outside of school.

Sports and recreational extracurricular activities promote physical development and strengthen the health of schoolchildren, foster healthy competition and personal ambitions, and teach interaction with a team of like-minded people and rivals.

Forms of extracurricular activities at school

The type of extracurricular activity determines the choice of the form of the event and the location of the event: at school or outside it.

Educational extracurricular activities have such forms of execution as conversation, quiz, meeting with interesting people, discussion, training, visiting the theater, organizing a conference, excursion, Olympiad, review, competition.

Conversation, as one of the forms of extracurricular activities at school, involves a dialogue between the teacher and students. Conversation activates mental work, develops speech, maintains interest, and concentrates attention. Each conversation question is a problem that students solve. In high school, students can direct and moderate discussions on their own. In elementary school, the teacher determines the line of conversation by asking children leading questions.

There are several types of conversations: preparatory, heuristic (where the teacher teaches to find the truth by reasoning), informing, reproducing (consolidating the studied material), generalizing (held at the end of an extracurricular activity), and repeating.

Olympiads, competitions, and exhibitions of children's creativity are designed to stimulate the educational and cognitive activities of schoolchildren, to develop the desire for competition in the study of such disciplines as foreign and Russian languages, mathematics, physics, literature and chemistry.

Such forms of extracurricular activities at school are planned in advance, and the best students are selected to participate. They give a great impetus to the development of students’ abilities and inclinations in various fields of knowledge. In addition, holding such events makes it possible to evaluate the creative nature of teachers’ work and their ability to find and develop children’s talents.

Another form of extracurricular activity that will be interesting for both elementary school students and teenagers is an excursion. Allows you to make observations, study various objects, phenomena and processes in natural conditions, broaden the horizons of schoolchildren of any age. In didactic terms, the excursion can be used at any stage: to introduce a new topic, to consolidate material, or to deepen existing knowledge.

Excursions can be conducted in almost all school subjects, with students of all ages. In the lower grades, excursions are simply necessary when studying natural history and getting to know the world around us. For high school and middle school students, excursions are conducted during geography and history lessons.

Leisure extracurricular activities have more practical goals - teaching new skills and abilities. Their implementation can take place in the form of a workshop (cutting and sewing, cooking, drawing, photography, modeling), a master class, in the open air, in the format of a theater studio, a competition or an intellectual game.

Clubs, creative associations, electives, workshops are the leading form of creative activity for students. The system-forming component in conducting this type of extracurricular activities at school is children’s creativity, directed and developed by the teacher.

The structure of various forms of leisure extracurricular activities differs, but common elements can be identified. When preparing workshops, clubs or extracurricular activities, all work is divided into three parts: theoretical, critical-analytical and creative-practical activities. Classes can be comprehensive, or they can be devoted to one specific type of activity.

Sports and recreational open events at school are held in the form of competitions, competitions, sports games or hikes.

To identify the range of interests of students, it is advisable to conduct a survey to find out what students would like to do after school. It must be remembered that any type of extracurricular activity in which children are involved must have a public and socially significant orientation.

The age characteristics of school students are decisive when choosing the form of extracurricular activities. Thus, for primary school students, a visual demonstration of information and flexible forms of extracurricular activities are more important. It is easier to involve younger schoolchildren in classes with elements of physical activity, competitions, games, and excursions.

High school students are capable of longer, static perception of material. Theatrical performances, KVN, tourist trips, brain-ring, and career guidance excursions are relevant for them.

When conducting an extracurricular activity in elementary school, it is necessary to take into account the small practical experience of students. The lesson should contribute to the formation of children’s basic knowledge, their abilities and skills, while in middle and high school extracurricular activities can be conducted to consolidate past material.

Stages of preparation for extracurricular activities at school

To successfully conduct an extracurricular activity of each type and in any form, it is necessary to follow a sequence of four stages:

event construction;
Preparation;
holding an event;
analysis (self-analysis) of the lesson.