Trichomonas colpitis - causes, symptoms and treatment in women. Trichomonas colpitis in women and men A drug used for the specific treatment of Trichomonas colpitis

Trichomonas colpitis in women occurs during unprotected sexual intercourse. However, cases of domestic infection through common towels and bed linen are known. Since the causative agent of the disease has the ability to activate the growth of chlamydia, mycoplasma, staphylococcus, mixed infections are detected in women during diagnosis.

Signs and symptoms

The first signs of trichomonas colpitis appear bright, which greatly simplifies the diagnosis. A few days after infection, you can notice the first signs:

1. 1. Swelling and redness of the genitals;
2. 2. The appearance of foul-smelling foamy secretions;
3. 3. In the presence of mixed infections, the discharge may have a greenish tint.

There are signs of damage to the urinary system. The main symptoms include a sharp burning pain when emptying the bladder. Inspection of the genitals, as a rule, shows a large number of petechial hemorrhages. It is they who cause the discharge with streaks of blood.

Trichomonas colpitis in women without timely treatment can cause dangerous consequences. Among them, the failure of the menstrual cycle, the appearance of genital papillomas on the genitals. Unpleasant consequences include the formation of ulcers on the inside of the thighs despite the observance of hygiene rules. This is due to the fact that with vaginitis, the volume of production of vaginal lubrication and the change in its acidity increase.

The next after infection of the tissues of the vagina, the uterus is affected, then the ovaries and fallopian tubes. There is an acute inflammatory process, accompanied by:

• Drawing pains in the back;
• Pain in the lower abdomen;
• Feeling unwell.

These signs make it possible to detect the disease in the acute phase, the duration of which is 10-14 days. After that, pronounced signs disappear and without proper treatment trichomonas colpitis becomes chronic. In some cases, it passes into the chronic stage, bypassing the acute one. In the chronic form of vaginitis, the discharge becomes scarce and almost completely stops. The most dangerous consequences of trichomonas colpitis not detected in time are cervicitis and endometritis. Chronic inflammatory diseases in women lead to problems with conception. The main diseases that provoke secondary infertility in women:

1. 1. Trichomonas colpitis;
2. 2. Ureaplasmosis;
3. 3. Chlamydia;
4. 4. Candidiasis;
5. 5. Syphilis.

It is important to know! Launched trichomonas colpitis in women leads to the complete destruction of the healthy flora of the vagina and the further development of inflammation. The pathological process provokes the formation of adhesions in the fallopian tubes, which makes it difficult for the eggs to move and makes fertilization impossible.

Infection of a woman during the period from the first to the third trimester can cause miscarriage, premature birth or the appearance of a child with multiple birth defects.

Causes of infection

The main cause of infection with trichomonas colpitis is intimate contact with the carrier of the infection without the use of barrier protective equipment. The transmission of trichomonas from person to person also occurs in the household way, most often people who do not follow the rules of personal hygiene become infected. To get infected, it is enough to put on the same bathrobe that the carrier of trichomonas colpitis used.

Vaginitis during pregnancy is considered especially dangerous. During the entire intrauterine period, the fetus remains at high risk of infection. If trichomonas have not crossed the placenta, the baby is more likely to become infected during childbirth.

It is important to know! Under normal conditions, the life of Trichomonas is limited to three hours, since they need a certain temperature and humidity to continue their life and reproduction.

Causes that increase the risk of infection include:

• Violation of the endocrine system;
• Treatment with hormonal drugs;
• Weakening of the body's defenses;
• hypothermia;
• Frequent stress.

Women who often change sexual partners and ignore the use of condoms are especially at risk of infection.

Methods for diagnosing trichomonas colpitis in women

The first step to identifying the disease is an examination in the gynecologist's chair. A visual examination reveals signs of inflammation of the mucous membranes, as well as the presence of serous plaque that covers its walls.

To develop an effective therapeutic regimen, the doctor gives a referral for laboratory tests. Among them, blood biochemistry, smears and scrapings of the mucosa. The type of pathogen is determined using a blood test for PCR, microbiological culture. If necessary, the doctor can refer the patient to narrow specialists - a urologist and a dermatologist.

Treatment

The method of treatment of vaginitis is aimed at stopping the inflammatory process and destroying the pathogen. A woman can be treated on an outpatient basis. Hospitalization is necessary only for complications against the background of trichomonas colpitis, for example, with peritonitis or tubo-ovarian abscesses.

Important advice! Both sexual partners must be treated at the same time, otherwise the therapy will not be successful. The untreated partner is the carrier of the infection, who will infect his partner again and again. Since protective antibodies are not produced for this type of pathogen, the likelihood of a recurrence of the disease is always present.

At the time of treatment, the use of alcoholic beverages and intimate contacts should be excluded. Detection of trichomonas vaginitis requires mandatory treatment, even with good health. You should not self-medicate, take drugs of dubious origin or use traditional medicine. All appointments must be made by a doctor.

The most effective treatment is drug therapy with antibiotics. To increase the effectiveness of therapy, an integrated approach to the treatment of vaginitis is used. In addition to antibacterial agents, vaginal suppositories, antiprotozoal and anti-inflammatory agents in the form of creams and gels are used.

To destroy the causative agent of the disease in the treatment of trichomonas colpitis, suppositories with an antiseptic are used topically. The most popular drug is Metronidazole. It shows a good result not only in the presence of Trichomonas, but also in the detection of chlamydia and staphylococcus aureus. The duration of the course of treatment and dosage are calculated individually. In case of intolerance to the active substance or components of the drug, the specialist will recommend other means. Means with proven effectiveness: Ornidazole, Nitazol, Naxojin.

To restore a healthy vaginal microflora, the following agents are used: Hexicon, Terzhinan, Trichomonacid. Suppositories are administered intravaginally once a day. The duration of treatment is 2-3 weeks. Trichomonacid solution is used to treat the urethra of the perianal region. With strict observance of the appointments of the attending physician, the probability of a complete recovery is 100%.

Important to remember! After a course of therapy, you will need to retake tests. A woman is considered completely healthy in the absence of Trichomonas in a vaginal smear and negative PCR results 90 days after the end of the course of treatment.

To restore the normal vaginal flora after prolonged use of antibiotics, eubiotics are prescribed. Their reception strengthens local immunity, promotes the growth of the number of beneficial bacteria, and normalizes acidity. Immunostimulants are recommended to be taken in a course for chronic trichomonas colpitis.

Important video: Frank interview with a gynecologist about the dangers of colpitis for women

How to protect yourself from infection

Every woman should be able to take care of her own health. To avoid infection, long and expensive treatment, it is enough to follow a few simple rules:

1. 1. When dealing with unfamiliar partners, you must use condoms. The best measure for the prevention of genital infections is the exclusion of casual intimate relationships.
2. 2. If unprotected intercourse nevertheless occurred, it is necessary to carefully treat the mucous membranes of the genitals with Chlorhexidine or Miramistin.
3. 3. You should not use common hygiene products, since the household method of infection should not be ruled out.
4. 4. If possible, avoid stressful situations and overwork.
5. 5. In the autumn-spring period, you need to additionally take vitamin and mineral complexes.
6. 6. To strengthen the immune system, you need to review your diet and include fresh vegetables, fruits, foods rich in vitamins and microelements in the menu.

Bacterial colpitis is quite common in women of reproductive age. Trichomonas vaginitis is slightly inferior to him.

What is trichomonas colpitis in women?

Inflammation caused by protozoan flagellar organisms called Trichomonas. The vaginal mucosa is the most favorable condition for their active reproduction; they are not localized on other mucous membranes of the human body.

Trichomonas are attached to the mucous membrane, they stick there, multiply, then penetrate deeper into the epithelium. This penetration causes a response of the body in the form of a specific inflammatory process. The path of transmission of pathology is predominantly sexual, the contact-household route is rare.

Trichomonas practically does not multiply "alone", it attracts many pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, with trichomonas colpitis, the diagnostic results reveal not one Trichomonas, but mixed infections with yeast-like fungi or various microbes.

Trichomonas colpitis - what is it, signs

When a woman begins vaginitis caused by Trichomonas, there are too specific symptoms of the pathology. Features of the manifestation of this type of inflammation of the vagina

• Hyperemia of the genital area, which is not always manifested in other types of colpitis, here the perineum, as well as the external genitalia, are drawn into the inflammatory process.
• Copious yellowish discharge. They are foamy and have an unpleasant smell.

These symptoms distinguish pathology from other types. Vaginitis can become chronic, which is also accompanied by specific symptoms.

Trichomonas colpitis in men as such is not diagnosed, since the word "colpitis" itself means inflammation of the walls of the vagina, which men do not have. But a partner can also become infected with a sexually transmitted disease. He will either be a carrier of the infection, or he himself will feel the symptoms of the disease:

• Itching, burning when urinating;
• Pain in the pubic region;
• Difficulties with the outflow of urine;
• Discharge of pus;
• In the morning, it is difficult for a man to release the first portion of urine.

The disease requires treatment of both partners so that there is no secondary infection. Antibacterial drugs are used to eliminate the infection from the body. During therapy, it is better to use barrier methods of contraception.

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Recommendations for the treatment of both partners for doctors are prescribed in the main document that defines all existing diseases. Trichomonas colpitis according to the international classification of diseases (10) is defined as a separate independent disease, and not a symptom complex.

ICD code trichomonas colpitis

Trichomonas colpitis ICD-10 code - A59.0. This code also refers to prostatitis, which has arisen due to the spread of Trichomonas.

Trichomonas colpitis ICD-10

The main reason why trichomonas vaginitis occurs is sexual intercourse with a person who is a carrier or suffers from this pathology. Women are also susceptible to pathology in the case of:

• implementation of long-term hormone therapy;
• pathologies of the endocrine system;
• stress and psycho-emotional stress;
• too strong physical exertion;
• diseases, reduced immunity;
• promiscuous sex, just a few are enough to get this disease.

ICD code trichomonas colpitis

If symptoms of the disease appear, you should consult a doctor to diagnose and treat. The International Classification of Diseases has recommendations for treatment (A59.0). This pathology, according to the recommendations of doctors, is treated with local drugs that have antibacterial, immunostimulating, antifungal, antimicrobial effects. Why such a range of substances? Trichimonas is often found with other infections. Therefore, the treatment is prescribed complex.

Trichomonas colpitis (ICD-10): treatment

1. Vagisept is a complex medicine, as it contains several active ingredients. Consists of metronidazole and fluconazole. These substances effectively act on yeast-like fungi, microbes and helminthic invasions. They are also used for this disease.
2. Vagiferon is a medicine with the same active ingredients, but interferon alfa is also added to them. Therefore, it already acts as an immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and all of the above characteristics.
3. Ginalgin - has an antibacterial, antifungal, trichomonacid, anti-inflammatory effect.
4. Atrikan 250 - the drug acts as a trichomonacid and antiprotozoal. The active substance is tononitrozole.

These drugs are used only after examination by a doctor and a diagnosis of the patient's condition. For treatment, the drug is used that affects Trichomonas and concomitant infection. The course of treatment and dosage is prescribed by a gynecologist. Self-medication is dangerous for the patient with complications.

Causes

What causes the appearance of trichomonas colpitis in a woman, designated in the ICD-10 as a separate disease?

Trichomonas colpitis: causes

The causative agent of the disease is Trichomonas vaginalis. This is a single-celled organism that enters the vagina mainly through sexual contact, contact has also been recorded several times. They actively move, can create pseudo-similarity, and penetrate cell membranes.

Causes of trichomonas colpitis

In patients, the disease occurs due to:

• Sexual transmission. It has been established that men are carriers of the disease, while in women, infection entails vivid symptoms.
• Avitaminosis. The lack of essential vitamins leads to the loss of cell defenses. This allows Trichomonas to spread.
• Hormonal disorders. Female hormones provide the cells of the vagina with the necessary glycogen, which nourishes lactobacilli. These beneficial bacteria protect the mucosa from various infections. When there is not enough nutrition, Trichomonas actively spreads, disguising itself as the tissues of the female organs.

The spread of infection causes symptoms characteristic of the disease.

Symptoms

According to the symptoms of the disease, it can be understood that a woman has Trichomonas vaginitis.

Trichomonas colpitis in women: symptoms

When an infection occurs in the body, the following symptoms appear:

• Edema and hyperemia of the perineum and external genital organs.
• In the very first day, the discharge in quantity increases markedly.
• Foamy or watery leucorrhoea that is constantly discharged.
• The discharge has a sharp unpleasant odor that resembles the smell of fish.
• Numerous hemorrhages are found on the walls of the vagina, they are small.
• Itching and constant burning, which is typical for all types of colpitis.
• Rezi and pain during urination, during intercourse.

Trichomonas colpitis is felt not only in the vagina in women, the symptoms are also manifested by pain in the lower abdomen and back.

Trichomonas colpitis in men: what symptoms will cause after contact?

Men are less affected by this pathology. They can also become infected from a woman with a disease, they are a carrier of the causative agent of the disease. But still, you can understand that Trichomonas is actively multiplying in the body. In the stronger sex, the disease caused by this microorganism is called trichomonas urethritis. Main features:

• Burning and pain in the urethra.
• Pain during urination.
• A man is tormented by frequent urge to empty his bladder.
• Discharge comes out of the urethra, according to the female type, they are foamy or purulent.
• The inflammatory process provokes damage to the capillaries, urine and semen at the same time have traces of blood, streaks.
• In the pelvic region, the patient feels constant discomfort, heaviness, pain. These feelings interfere with daily tasks.

Symptoms of the disease in acute form last no more than 14 days. If the doctor indicated trichomonas colpitis, symptoms and treatment in time, in men, with adequate therapy, they will also quickly disappear. But if left untreated, the pathology turns into a chronic form, which is then quite difficult to get rid of.

The pathognomonic signs of trichomonas colpitis are ...?

In both men and women, in the event of this pathology, 2 signs are distinguished, the presence of which accurately indicates the reproduction of Trichomonas in the body:

• the presence of foamy discharge with a yellow or green tint;
• these discharges are copious, they are not transparent, but cloudy white in color.

To confirm trichomonas colpitis, symptoms, and treatment in women to prescribe, not only an examination is used. There are special diagnostic methods. The disease is determined by microscopic examination. Trichomonas cultivation is also used. This is a method that, in its principle, resembles bacteriological seeding in bacterial vaginitis.

After confirmation, treatment is prescribed, which should be used not only in women, but also in men.

Diagnostics

According to the symptoms, the woman herself can understand that she has trichomonas vaginitis, even tests are not always needed. But only a doctor can make this diagnosis.

Trichomonas colpitis: diagnosis

Examination alone does not give the doctor the right to make a diagnosis. For this you need:

• Take a swab from the vagina;
• Sometimes a smear is taken from the rectum;
• Carrying out PCR - sensitive diagnosis of infections;
• Cytological examination procedure.

Sometimes additional consultation with a venereologist is required. Based on the research, the gynecologist identifies the disease, then prescribes the appropriate treatment.

Treatment

Therapy of trichomonas vaginitis in both partners is different. For women, topical vaginal preparations are used. For men, treatment is slightly different. If trichomonas colpitis manifests itself in a woman, treatment in men should be mandatory. Also, in the absence of symptoms in the partner, while the woman is ill with this disease, treatment should also be mutual.

Trichomonas colpitis treatment in women

The main tasks for therapy:

1. Relief of acute manifestations of the main symptoms of the disease.
2. Complete destruction of the pathogen - the simplest microorganism, both in acute manifestations of the disease, and in the carriage of Trichomonas.
3. Prevention of recurrence of the disease, the occurrence of complications.

The implementation of the main tasks entails strict adherence of patients to medical prescriptions, compliance with all the nuances of the course of treatment, and the implementation of preventive measures to prevent the recurrence of the manifestation of the disease.

Treatment of trichomonas colpitis in women: drugs, other methods

Treatment should be complex for this, both oral and local - vaginal are prescribed. The patient should also reconsider her lifestyle.

Lifestyle of the patient during treatment

For effective drug therapy, the patient must follow simple rules:

1. Refrain from eating spicy, salty, sweet foods. Food that strongly irritates the digestive tract, helps to reduce overall immunity. At the same time, the body's defenses are exhausted. What effective treatment then can we talk about?
2. For the duration of treatment, completely exclude alcoholic beverages.
3. For the duration of the medical appointment, you must refrain from sexual intercourse. During intercourse, trauma to the already inflamed mucosa occurs.

Trichomonas colpitis treatment with pills

To effectively treat trichomonas colpitis, drugs are prescribed for a woman and a man. This is a systemic therapy that has an antitrichomonal effect. For this, the following drugs are used:

• Metronidazole is an antiprotozoal drug. To remove the disease, a three or seven-day course of treatment is used. The same drug is used by men when their partner has trichomonas colpitis, treatment regimen: four tablets 2 times a day for a 3-day course, 1 tablet 3 times a day for a 7-day course.
• Trichomonacid - destroys protozoa, is used for women and men. This drug can be used orally and for topical treatment in the form of vaginal suppositories. Adults need to take 0.3 g of the active substance for 3-5 days. It is also given to men.
• Lutenurin - is used as a complex drug. Trichomonas vaginitis almost never occurs on its own. Be sure to diagnose associated pathogens. This drug is active against Trichomonas, Gram-positive bacteria, yeast-like fungi. It also destroys spermatozoa, therefore it is used as a contraceptive.

Trichomonas colpitis in women, treatment with pills

Oral therapy is used in combination with topical preparations. For this, anti-inflammatory drugs are used, as well as antibacterial, antiprotozoal, immunostimulating drugs in the form of vaginal suppositories and tablets. Douching solutions and traditional therapies help reduce symptoms.

1. Trichomonas colpitis: treatment, suppositories that affect pathogenic microflora. To influence the pathogenic flora, which includes Trichomonas, bacteria, fungi, combined preparations are used in the treatment. Terzhinan, Klion D, Trichomonacid and some others are often used. When to use candles, each patient decides individually. The optimal time for treatment is the use of suppositories before bedtime.
2. Immunomodulators. This group of drugs is mainly used for chronic colpitis caused by Trichomonas. Often used drugs such as Immunal, Pyrogenal and so on.
3. Solutions for douching. When trichomonas colpitis is manifested in women, treatment with folk remedies involves the use of herbs and products to obtain a solution used in douching. Common herbs for this are chamomile, St. John's wort, coltsfoot, calendula. They can also be combined with other herbs. Products are also used to create a therapeutic tampon. Often they put a natural antibiotic - propolis.
4. Replenishment of dead bacteria. In the form of vaginal suppositories, the doctor prescribes probiotics. They are necessary to support local immunity in order to resist the development of opportunistic microflora. Used drugs such as Lactobacterin, Bifidumbacterin and others.

How to understand that trichomonas colpitis is cured?

To find out about this, you need to pass repeated tests. This is a smear and cultivation / planting of flora. The patient's partner should also be tested again. If there are no Trichomonas in the results, the disease can be considered defeated.

To prevent the recurrence of the disease, you need to take care of yourself:

• from promiscuity;
• increase immunity;
• do not use other people's items for personal hygiene;
• use barrier methods of contraception during intercourse.

If treatment is not started on time, complications of the disease may occur: lack of orgasms, infertility due to obstruction of the fallopian tubes or inflammation of the appendages, sometimes malignant formations occur on the surface of the cervix, complications of pregnancy.

During the bearing of the baby, not all of the listed drugs are allowed, so the treatment must be agreed with the gynecologist.

An infectious disease of the genitourinary system caused by the pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis is called trichomonas colpitis or trichomoniasis. In men, the infection affects the urethra, prostate, and seminal canal. affects the mucous membrane of the vagina, ovaries, uterus. The disease is progressive, one of the consequences is infertility.

Trichomoniasis infection is an infectious and inflammatory disease transmitted through unprotected intercourse from a carrier or an infected person to a healthy person. The incubation period of the disease is up to 1 month.

Symptoms of trichomonas colpitis are:

• copious yellowish frothy discharge with an unpleasant odor;
• itching, burning in the groin area;
• pain during sexual intercourse;
• sharp pain when urinating.

After an unprotected act, infection occurs, the infection develops in the vaginal environment, inhibiting natural immunity. In a short period of time, the first sign appears - a kind of foamy yellowish discharge with a specific smell.
At this stage, it is necessary to urgently consult a gynecologist, do not self-medicate.

The following symptoms appear with the development of the disease - itching, burning, pain, profuse discharge.
Trichomonas are able to coexist with other pathogenic, opportunistic microorganisms, representing a mixed inflammation. With such an infection, the symptoms of the disease appear taking into account the symptoms of other inflammatory processes.

According to ICD10, urogenital trichomoniasis has a code - A97.0

Trichomonas colpitis in women is a pathology, with possible localization throughout the genitourinary system, creating a risk of inflammation of the bladder, cervix. The chronic course of the disease is characterized by symptoms of cystitis, endometritis of the cervix.
Pathological infectious disease can occur in acute and chronic forms.

The acute form of trichomonas colpitis is characterized by:

• acute itching in the perineum, external genitalia;
• an increased amount of mucus, which has a foamy texture, color from yellowish to greenish;
• the smell of secretions is pronounced, specific unpleasant;
• there may be itching and irritation of the mucous membrane of the cervix, its redness;
• the walls of the vagina swell, become loose.

Unlike the acute form, the chronic form of colpitis can occur with little or no symptoms. This fact greatly complicates the diagnosis of the infectious process, which often leads to the spread of an inflammatory infection to the organs of the genitourinary system of a woman.

Diagnostics

The diagnosis of trichomoniasis is determined by a vaginal gynecologist based on:

• examination of the patient;
• complaints;
• results of the performed analyses.

Laboratory diagnostics is carried out on the basis of cervical scraping, vaginal discharge, cervical canal.

Symptoms and treatment in women

Initially, the patient's complaints are recorded, an examination is carried out in the gynecological chair.

When examining a patient with trichomonas colpitis, there is:

• swelling, looseness of the vaginal walls;
• bleeding with mechanical pressure;
• copious amounts of mucus on the walls, in the vagina;
• redness, itching of the cervix.

Pastosity of the walls of the vagina is accompanied by itching of the external genital organs, the inner surface of the vaginal wall. The discharge may be yellowish frothy or yellowish-green mucus with an unpleasant odor.

Infectious inflammation occurs with itchy sensations on the cervix, which cause discomfort.

Medical treatment

Therapy of inflammation is a medical removal of the inflammatory process, the destruction of the pathogen.

Complete recovery depends on the parallel therapy of the patient and his sexual partner, otherwise the treatment will not work. In the worst case, the disease will become chronic.

in the treatment of trichomonas colpitis, you must follow several rules:

• do not take alcohol during treatment;
• exclude spicy, sweet, salty, smoked foods from the diet.

Drug therapy consists of antibiotic, antibacterial drugs and topical therapy. After the treatment, a course of restoration of the intestinal microflora is carried out to enhance the protective forces of the immune system.

It is dangerous to engage in self-medication with trichomonas colpitis, due to the fact that the causative agent of the disease can coexist with other pathological pathogens of the inflammatory process. In this case, complete relief of the inflammatory process is impossible, there is a risk of the disease going into a latent form.

The chronic, latent form is difficult to treat. Running inflammation can affect the urinary system, causing chronic cystitis or inflammatory diseases of the cervix. Therapy in this case should be complex, the selection of drugs should be carried out taking into account secondary diseases, consist of drug therapy for the initial, concomitant diseases. Control tests are prescribed after 10 days, after the passage of 2-3 menstruation.

Symptoms and treatment in men

In men, specific colpitis affects, first of all, the urethra, causing an inflammatory process of the mucous membrane of the urinary canal. An infectious disease is manifested by the following symptoms:

• pain when urinating;
• itching of the penis;
• reddening of the edge of the vas deferens;
• increased sensitivity of the glans penis;
• mucous secretions.

Self-treatment of trichomonas leads to the spread of infection and inflammation of the prostate.

Diagnosis of an infectious disease is carried out by a urologist or venereologist, for this, blood and urine tests are performed, and a swab is taken from the vas deferens.

Medical treatment

Based on the data, drug therapy is carried out, including:

• antibiotic drugs for the removal of inflammatory processes;
• antibacterial drugs to inhibit infection, its growth;
• preparations for the restoration of intestinal flora;
• vitamins to restore immunity.

A control study is carried out after 10 days after the course of therapy and after 2 months.

Prevention

Preventive measures are:

• protected sexual intercourse;
• timely access to a doctor when the first symptoms appear;
• scheduled visit to the gynecologist;
• exclusion of self-medication;
• treatment of sexual partners;
• full course of therapy;
• control delivery of analyses.

The main prevention is to avoid unprotected sexual intercourse, at the first symptoms go to a urologist, gynecologist, venereologist.

Conclusion

Trichomoniasis is a common infectious inflammation of the vaginal mucosa or urethra, sexually transmitted and leading to inflammation of the entire genitourinary system of men and women. In some cases, people can be carriers of the disease without experiencing symptoms as such. Barrier methods of contraception must be used to rule out disease or carriage.

) is an inflammation of the vagina, the causative agent of which is Trichomonas - the simplest microorganism belonging to the flagellate class.

The disease often affects women of reproductive age who are sexually active. Trichomonas infection in pregnant women can lead to infection in childbirth of newborns, which occurs in about 5% of cases. However, in view of the structural features of the vaginal epithelium in newborn girls, trichomonas colpitis in them proceeds in an erased form and is prone to self-healing.

When trying to self-treat a trichomonas infection, the disease acquires an atypical course, becomes resistant to standard therapy, and is accompanied by the development of complications.

Simultaneously with trichomonas colpitis (in men - urethritis), other sexually transmitted diseases are often diagnosed (genital herpes, candidiasis, ureaplasmosis, chlamydia, gonorrhea). Currently, experts have suggested that infection with Trichomonas increases the risk of allergic and oncological diseases, mastopathy, diabetes.

Causes and risk factors

The causative agents of Trichomonas colpitis are Trichomonas, belonging to the type of protozoa, the flagellate class. They are anaerobic unicellular organisms and are widely distributed in nature. Thanks to the flagella, Trichomonas have good mobility. The optimal conditions for their reproduction are a temperature of 35-37 ° C and the absence of oxygen.

Once on the mucous membrane of the vagina, Trichomonas begin to actively develop and multiply, becoming the cause of the inflammatory process. In the process of life, they produce a special enzyme - hyaluronidase, with the help of which they penetrate into the intercellular space, lymphatic pathways and bloodstream, spreading throughout the body.

One of the important features of Trichomonas is their ability to change shape and disguise well as blood cells - lymphocytes and platelets. This allows them to avoid attack by the immune system.

A number of other pathogenic microorganisms can penetrate inside Trichomonas (cytomegalovirus, herpes virus, fungi of the genus Candida, chlamydia, ureaplasma, gonococci). As a result, they gain protection from immune cells and drugs.

Trichomonas colpitis in women refers to sexually transmitted diseases, as it is transmitted sexually. In very rare cases, there is a contact-household route of infection (through towels, underwear, hygiene items).

Since Trichomonas in the process of life violate the integrity of the vaginal epithelium, the risk of infection of women with other sexually transmitted infections, in particular HIV, increases.

Risk factors are:

• hormonal imbalance;
• hypovitaminosis and other immunodeficiency states;
• promiscuous sex life;
• ignoring barrier methods of contraception;
• unfavorable socio-economic factors;
• alcohol abuse, drug addiction.

Kinds

Depending on the duration of the course and the severity of the symptoms, acute, subacute and chronic trichomonas colpitis are distinguished. In a separate form, Trichomonas carriage is distinguished - asymptomatic persistence of Trichomonas in the body.

Symptoms of trichomonas colpitis

The incubation period for trichomonas colpitis lasts from two days to two months. A long incubation period is usually observed in the erased form of the disease.

The main symptoms of trichomonas colpitis are:

• vaginal discharge, green or yellow, with an unpleasant odor;
• irritation of the mucous membrane of the genitals, which is accompanied by a burning sensation and itching;
• dermatitis of the inner thighs;
• dysuria;
• the appearance of ulcers or erosions on the mucous membrane of the genitals;
• intermittent pain in the lower abdomen;
• dyspareunia - painful sensations that occur at the time of intercourse or immediately after it.

Symptoms of trichomonas colpitis intensify a few days before the onset of menstruation.

The volume and nature of vaginal discharge depends on the stage of the disease. In acute inflammation, they are abundant, and when the pathological process becomes chronic, they become scarce, periodically completely stop.

In pregnant women, treatment of trichomonas colpitis is possible only in the II-III trimesters, its need is determined by the doctor observing the pregnancy.

The fresh form of trichomonas colpitis, in the absence of timely treatment, becomes chronic, which, in turn, then gradually forms a long-term Trichomonas carrier.

Chronic trichomanas colpitis is almost asymptomatic. Only a very small number of patients (less than 5-8%) have sexual dysfunction and dysuria.

With trichomonas carriers, there are no clinical signs of inflammation of the vagina, the pathogen is detected only during laboratory diagnostics.

Diagnostics

It is possible to assume that a woman has trichomonas colpitis based on the symptoms of the disease and the data of a gynecological examination. When viewed in the mirrors, hyperemia and swelling of the vaginal mucosa, focal hemorrhages on the cervix are noted. Colposcopy reveals epithelial dysplasia, in some cases the appearance of atypical cells.

However, the preliminary diagnosis must be confirmed by the results of laboratory tests:

• smear microscopy from the vagina, urethra and cervix- allows you to detect Trichomonas in 50-60% of cases;
• microbiological (cultural) method- sowing of the vaginal discharge on an artificial nutrient medium is the most accurate method for diagnosing trichomonas colpitis, which makes it possible to identify the pathogen in 99% of cases;
• immunological methods (PCR diagnostics)- are used to detect or exclude a viral infection.

Differential diagnosis is carried out with gonorrhea, bacterial and candidal vulvovaginitis.

Treatment of trichomonas colpitis

Treatment of trichomonas colpitis is carried out by venereologists and gynecologists. For it to be effective, the patient's sexual partner should also be treated (even if the test for trichomoniasis showed a negative result). Until the end of the course of therapy, sexual intercourse should be excluded.

Simultaneously with trichomonas colpitis (in men - urethritis), other sexually transmitted diseases are often diagnosed.

Since trichomonads are able to absorb smaller microorganisms, including pathogens of a number of sexually transmitted diseases, the treatment of trichomonas colpitis should be combined with the active therapy of identified sexually transmitted infections.

In pregnant women, treatment of trichomonas colpitis is possible only in the II-III trimesters, its need is determined by the doctor observing the pregnancy.

According to statistics obtained by the World Health Organization, approximately one in ten people on the planet suffers from trichomoniasis. It is 50% men and about 30% women.

The disease is very common, as evidenced by its "popularity" among the world's population. Every year the number of infected increases by about 170 million people. Because of this, the issue of treatment with an ailment requires a serious attitude.

Equally important is the choice of high-quality and effective medicines. The first stage on the way to reducing the number of infected people is the possession of reliable information about this disease, its symptoms and causes, as well as methods of treatment and prevention.

Trichomoniasis or trichomonas colpitis, as it is also called, is an infectious sexual disease that affects the health of men and women. Despite their equal distribution among both sexes, it is in women that the disease manifests itself in the form of an inflammatory process in the vagina, which over time can spread to the urethra, ovaries, uterus or cervix.

As for the male half, the disease manifests itself a little differently: at first the urethra becomes inflamed, but over time, the infection affects the prostate, seminal vesicles, and also the epididymis. This disease in men has a slightly different name - trichomonas urethritis, but we will only consider trichomonas colpitis in women.

Untimely or incorrect treatment of this pathology can lead to a decrease in the immune system, which is fraught with serious consequences for the patient's body. In rare cases, this can manifest as phagocytosis, infertility, or spontaneous miscarriage. To prevent unpleasant consequences, you need to know about the common causes and symptoms of the disease. No wonder people say: "Forewarned is forearmed."

Causes

There are several causes of trichomonas colpitis, but the most common of them is infection in the patient's vagina. With intimacy without the use of contraception, a Trichomonas infection can get inside the vagina.

Very often, the disease is transmitted from a man who is a carrier of the infection. In addition, there is another way of infection with harmful microorganisms - by household means. It is not considered very common as the first one, but it is still worth giving it its due.

As a rule, little girls who are still careless about the rules of personal hygiene are most often infected in the household way. To become infected with bacteria, you do not need to perform any super complicated procedures, you just need to use a towel, washcloth or soap, on the surface of which there are Trichomonas.

The disease is very dangerous during pregnancy, because of this, the risk of infection of an undeveloped fetus inside the mother's womb increases. Sometimes a child can get a pathology during childbirth when he passes through the birth canal. Moreover, this can happen even when the placental barrier has not been crossed by the bacterium. Also, the infection can be transmitted to the baby during childbirth through instruments intended for obstetric care.

On a note! When leaving the human body, bacteria die, and their viability can be maintained for only 2-3 hours. This is due to the peculiarities of Trichomonas, since the bacterium can only develop in a humid environment with a temperature mark of 37 degrees.

There are also other factors contributing to the development of the disease:

• failure of the endocrine system;
• the effects of prolonged use of potent medications;
• high psycho-emotional stress on the body;
• severe stress;
• weak immunity;
• hormonal imbalance;
• transmission of severe chronic diseases.

The list of common causes of trichomonas colpitis in the female half should also include a frequent change of sexual partners. As statistics show, the probability of contracting an ailment in this case increases by about four times. And if we add to all this ignoring contraceptives, then the chances increase almost to heaven.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Trichomonas colpitis can be manifested by many characteristic symptoms that can occur both in single and in group cases.

The most common of these include:

With the development of trichomonas colpitis, pain can spread not only to the genitals of a woman, but also to the lower back or abdomen. Often, individual symptoms directly depend on the area affected by the infection.

Diagnosis of this disease should be done by a qualified doctor. For this, microscopic examination is used. No injections or operations are needed, it is enough just to take a smear from the vagina.

If necessary, the doctor can examine the walls of the vagina for the presence of concomitant diseases. This is done with a mirror. In rare cases, doctors prescribe a colposcopy to conduct a more detailed examination of the condition of the patient's cervix.

How to cure the disease?

With timely treatment, any disease, including trichomonas colpitis, can be cured much faster, which cannot be said about its transition to a chronic form. Therefore, at the first manifestations of the symptoms of this disease, it is necessary to seek help from a gynecologist as soon as possible.

Often, several types of therapy are used to treat colpitis at once. We are talking about local and general therapy. Such a combination will quickly and effectively eliminate all the symptoms associated with this pathology.

In addition to traditional methods of treatment, doctors can also prescribe a therapeutic diet, which consists in the rejection of salty, fatty and fried foods. It is also not recommended to drink alcohol, as it lowers the human immune system.

Folk remedies

Many people simply do not trust traditional medicine, preferring to take natural ingredients instead of synthetic substances. Fortunately, there are many folk remedies, thanks to the healing properties of which you can actively fight against various types of diseases.

The most effective folk remedies against trichomonas colpitis:

• juice from . This remedy is enriched with useful vitamins and minerals, and its powerful antibacterial effect contributes to the rapid recovery of the body by stimulating the immune system. You need to take the remedy 2-3 times a day. Single dose - 1 teaspoon;
• juice from . This plant is famous for its beneficial properties, so it is used to treat many diseases. Trichomonas colpitis is no exception. Aloe juice is taken 3 times a day. Single dose - 3 tablespoons;
• oil . A home remedy in the form of tampons can have an anti-inflammatory effect on the body. It also relieves irritation and itching. Used as a normal tampon daily before bed.

With a combination of several of these methods, you can cure the disease as soon as possible. At the same time, you need to take care of yourself, because your health is life.

Medicines

Treatment of trichomonas colpitis is carried out in gynecological or urological dispensaries. For the period of therapy, doctors forbid their patients from sexual contact. In this case, it is necessary to increase the body's immune system so that it can successfully resist the effects of infection. For this, various immunomodulators and vitamins are used.

As a rule, doctors prescribe the following drugs:

• Urzall, Allylglycer, Kindomon and other herbal medicines;
• Gramicidin;
• Sanazin;
• Nitazol;
• Metronidazole;
• Osarsol;
• Aminoacryquine and other drugs.

The presence of this disease in pregnant women can threaten the disruption of labor and the full development of the fetus inside the womb. Therefore, when the first symptoms of trichomonas colpitis appear, you should immediately consult a doctor to provide qualified assistance. It is categorically impossible to engage in self-medication, because not only the health of the mother, but also her unborn child is at stake.

Preventive measures

Prevention of trichomonas colpitis is practically no different from any other disease of the genital organs. No need to reinvent the wheel and look for inexplicable and unusual preventive measures.

It is enough just to streamline your sex life, use contraceptives and follow the rules of personal hygiene. If this has already happened, and intimacy nevertheless took place with the carrier of the infection, then after that it is immediately necessary to treat the surface of the thighs and vagina with a solution of Miramistin.