home Analyzes Profession of a teacher: distance learning and its features. Primary school teacher: where to get education, teaching features and reviews

Profession of a teacher: distance learning and its features. Primary school teacher: where to get education, teaching features and reviews

Where to go to study to become a teacher

When the future path is determined, it remains to decide where to go to study to become a teacher. The first possible option may be a teacher training college. You can enter there after 9th or 11th grade; the difference in training will be one year, so you can save time by going to study with a certificate of basic general education.

In controversial cases, the admissions committee gives preference to those applicants who have higher scores in the main subjects for the chosen field, that is, a primary school teacher should presumably have a good knowledge of the Russian language and mathematics.

It’s a rare institution that enrolls everyone, so it’s better to improve academic performance by the end of 9th grade, and it’s advisable to bring elective subjects closer to the top bar.

It is better to study in college full-time, although a correspondence option is also possible. Everyone can master general education subjects on their own, but the practical skills for which teacher training colleges are famous can only be acquired while sitting in classrooms.

Most often, the teachers of these institutions are practical professionals who are familiar with the work at the school from the inside. During lectures and practical classes, they share with students the intricacies of work and their teaching experience.

Extensive practice is the strength of teacher training colleges. It is from there that self-confident teachers come out, having stood at the blackboard for dozens of hours. After three or four years of study, you will have a diploma in your hands, allowing you to go to work or continue your education.

It is worth noting that the lack of higher education will stop the career growth bar at a certain level, so it is better to get it.

Correspondence studies at specialized universities are welcome in any school, so you can start gaining teaching experience and still remain a student. In addition, the current remuneration system brings the salary of a young teacher as close as possible to the average.

Highest level of education

It is perhaps more difficult to enter pedagogical universities. Many applicants do not even think about connecting their lives with teaching, but having a diploma is so attractive that the competition for admission to some educational institutions is simply enormous. Having gone through all the difficulties of the Unified State Exam, you can try your luck at one of the faculties, relying on personal preferences or a lower passing score.

Enrolling in a foreign language or philology department is like storming an impregnable bastion. With low scores, you can only hope for paid training. But there is less demand for geography, biology and preschool education.

Both full-time and part-time courses pay more attention to the theoretical side of training. Universities graduate specialists who have excellent knowledge of the subject, but have not worked it out sufficiently in practice.

Demand and career of a teacher

Where it is better to go to study to become a teacher is a matter of choice. In the future, everyone will be gladly hired to work at the school, where over time it will be possible to improve their category, realize creative ideas by participating in professional competitions, and earn not only a title with good work, but also the respect of students.

Teachers include school directors, employees of education departments, and teachers of universities and colleges. It all depends on personal aspirations. The professional ambitions of teachers do not so much push for career growth as they strive to improve the knowledge of their students.

Who can become a primary school teacher?

We have three main groups of students:

1) School graduates who have Unified State Examination results and want to get their first higher education (age 17-22 years)

2) College (technical school) graduates who wish to obtain higher education (age 21-35 years)

3) Those wishing to obtain a second higher education (age 25-40 years)

In other words, in order to obtain the specialty “Elementary School Teacher”, admission after 11th grade is not at all necessary. You can obtain this specialty with a higher education or a diploma of secondary vocational education.

Training is carried out in bachelor's and master's programs. A bachelor's degree means an initial degree of higher education. In order to get it you need to study between 3.5 and 4.5 years. Master's programs are carried out within the framework of second higher education programs and last 2-3 years.

How to apply for a bachelor's or master's degree program?

For admission, it is enough to provide a document on education (certificate or diploma), data on passing the Unified State Exam and write an application for admission to a university or college, provide a copy of your passport. In addition, you need to pass internal exams to become a primary teacher.

Subjects for admission to primary school teachers are Russian language, biology and mathematics. During training, modern teaching methods are used using distance technologies.

Cost of the “Primary School Teacher” program

Tuition prices start from 15,000 rubles per semester (six months).

Duration of training: from 3 years 6 months

After studying at our university, the graduate will acquire:

Theoretical knowledge that will help in practical work:

High culture of speech;

Deep knowledge of the subjects of study;

Understanding of modern and advanced teaching methods;

Changes in the age characteristics of children of primary school age, which affect behavior and learning of educational material;

Practical experience, without which it is impossible to become a master in your field:

The ability to understand the emotions and state of children, the motivation of their behavior;

The ability to arouse children’s interest in learning and achieving high results;

Psychological analysis of the child and the climate in microgroups.

Benefits of distance learning:

Distance learning using Internet technologies allows you to save a lot of time and reduce training costs. In addition, the student has the opportunity to choose the duration of classes and their time. Most of our students are enterprising young people who lead an active lifestyle. Their time is important to them. Therefore, distance learning technology is successfully used in training as a primary school teacher.

First of all, this is a very responsible job that requires a lot of attention and patience. It is in elementary school that we receive the knowledge that will be fundamental, therefore, they say that a teacher in elementary school is a “second mother.”

How to become a primary school teacher?

In order to do this you need to follow a few simple steps:

Contact the admissions committee of the institute;
Write an application for admission;
Submit documents (Education document, copy of passport, 4 photographs 3*4, Unified State Examination results (if you are applying on the basis of an 11th grade certificate). You can find out more details from the admissions committee;
Sign a package of documents (Agreement, application, etc.);
Start learning!

Admission after 11th grade to become a primary school teacher

If you have a certificate of completion of secondary general education and the results of the Unified State Exam, then you can easily become a primary school teacher.

What Unified State Exams are needed for admission:

Russian language
Social science
Biology

Duration of training: 4 years 6 months

using remote technologies has a number of advantages:

Early financial independence. While studying, a student can already work and, consequently, earn money.
Economical. You save. There is no need to spend money to get to the institute, etc.
Save time. You can study at any time convenient for you.

Admission after college

If you graduated from college and have a diploma of secondary vocational education, then a primary school teacher through correspondence education (DOT) is what you need.

To enroll, you will need to pass internal test exams, which are prescribed by the university itself, namely:

Russian language
Social science
Biology

If at college you studied in a program related to teaching children, etc., then the duration of study will be 4 years smooth. If not, then the training period will be 4 years 6 months.

Tuition fee: 15,000 rubles per semester (six months)

Distance learning to become a primary school teacher after higher education

Those who already have a bachelor's degree can become primary school teachers for 3 years 6 months.

The cost per semester will be 15,000 rubles (six months)

Entrance exams:

Russian language
Social science
Biology

Upon completion, you will receive a state-issued bachelor's degree diploma.

A little about:

On the website of the Pedagogical University of our city of Kazan (KSPU), in the section for applicants, it is indicated which exams must be passed upon admission. To become a primary school teacher, you must pass an exam in mathematics and the Russian language. I think universities in other cities have the same exams.

There are two ways to obtain this profession - a pedagogical college and a pedagogical institute. There are different exams and it is easier to get into a pedagogical school, but I honestly don’t recommend that soon teachers will only have higher education. Everyone will be forced to study extra. So it’s better to immediately prepare for admission to university.

So I rummaged around on the Internet and found that they admit you to college in St. Petersburg without exams. More details. Open the admission rules.

Each educational institution interprets its own rules for passing exams, and accordingly sets limits on certain disciplines, the main of which are mathematics and the Russian language. It should be noted that in most cases primary school teachers with higher education are now often in demand, but they are reluctant to look on those who have received only secondary vocational education. Therefore, this is precisely what you need to focus your attention on first before choosing where you want to go.
Where I studied before, there were also students who were studying to become primary school teachers. This was three years ago and, as I remember, for admission they took Russian language, mathematics and composition. Now I can’t say for sure, maybe something has already changed.

Compulsory subjects for all teachers include Russian language and mathematics. These subjects must also be passed to receive a certificate. It is better for you to find out about additional subjects directly from the educational institution. So, for example, to become a history teacher you must pass the Unified State Exam in Russian, history and social studies, and the Unified State Exam in mathematics is mandatory to obtain a certificate. In other universities you need to take biology. Please clarify, because You need to start preparing for the Unified State Exam at least six months in advance in order to pass with good or excellent marks.

Who doesn't remember their primary school teacher?

Many people keep photographs of him or her with their first teacher.

But in order to become a primary school teacher, you must graduate from a pedagogical school/college, at a minimum.

Upon admission after 11th grade, you must provide UTSKOK certificates in the following subjects: Ukrainian language and literature, mathematics or history of Ukraine (in some educational institutions).

After 9th grade you must take exams (see below):

To become a primary school teacher, you will need to pass the compulsory subjects - Russian language and mathematics. the number of budget places and exams in additional subjects is determined by the educational institution

I entered the pedagogical university in 2005, studying at the primary school department. I took Russian language and literature (essay) and mathematics (test).

And now, probably, Russian and mathematics are accepted for the Unified State Exam, plus some other subjects.

It probably depends on what subject you want to be a teacher. In any case, you will need to take Russian language, literature and probably biology.

In order for a former student to become a primary school teacher, he must pass two subjects. These subjects are as follows: mathematics and Russian. What would it be like without them? After all, a self-respecting teacher simply must be able to read, write and count.

Regarding other subjects, I can only say one thing - when submitting documents to a certain institute, they will tell you about them.

The specialty of a primary school teacher, like a subject teacher, is one of the most in demand in Ukraine. However, in our country, with this most important area of activity, a rather paradoxical situation has developed. On the one hand, the meager wages, from which even those crumbs of bonuses are now taken away, naturally discourage young talented teachers from working at school. On the other hand, even having settled in their specialty, they are faced with the problem of teachers of retirement age who remain in the workplace until the end, due to a meager pension. Thus, often, children after a pedagogical university, in order to have a full-time job, are forced to work part-time, torn between two schools.

However, those who truly see their true purpose in the upbringing and teaching of our younger generation can become primary school teachers, either at a pedagogical school or at a university.

In a pedagogical school to become a primary school teacher, you must pass the External Assessment Test in Ukrainian language and literature, mathematics. At the pedagogical institute (university) - also Ukrainian language and literature, mathematics - obligatory, and depending on the university - biology or history of Ukraine.

To everyone who is not indifferent to the fate of our state, if, of course, you love to tinker with kids, and they are drawn to you with all their pure souls, join, no matter what, our glorious cohort of teachers!

In Russia, teachers are trained at 167 universities. On average, about 100 thousand future teachers graduate from them each year. At the same time, according to opinion polls, only 10 percent of graduates agree to work at school. And is it any wonder if 80 percent of applicants admitted that they are going to study not at all in order to later sow smart, kind, eternal things, but for the sake of a diploma and a general humanitarian higher education, with which you can always get a job somewhere.

To change the situation, the Ministry of Education and Science has prepared a draft concept for supporting the development of teacher education, which will change the entire system of teacher training.

The great physicist Albert Einstein also did not have much luck with teachers. Photo: ITAR-TASS

There are a lot of complaints about graduates. They do not know how to work with a team, they are not ready to move to the new school standards, which became mandatory three years ago. And what’s surprising is that they don’t like children. Here is what Elena Ivanova, director of school N2 in the city of Skopin, Ryazan region, says: “The school lacks teachers of physics, mathematics, and the Russian language. We need teachers, but I have a lot of complaints about pedagogical institutes: they teach the old-fashioned way, and pedagogical practice is also organized "the old-fashioned way. As a result, graduates have no idea even about the methodology for conducting a lesson."

It happens that previously convicted people and teachers who were generally deprived of the right to teach for professional incompetence end up in schools. As it turned out, in one of the Moscow schools there worked a teacher of Russian language and literature, who at one time in the Kaluga region was recognized as unsuitable for the profession. When she got a new job, she hid it. What this woman taught the children is a big question.

How to rid a school of bad teachers? How to attract the best graduates of pedagogical universities into the education system? What kind of selection should be done for applicants-future teachers?

This is what is being proposed today: teachers who have received a good education, at least a master’s degree, will be given increased salaries, and students and interns will be paid for all teaching practice and internship at school. It will now be more difficult to enter pedagogical universities. Additional entrance exams will be introduced for pedagogical specialties.

The target enrollment will remain, but the requirements for applicants - future teachers - will become much stricter. So, after studying at a pedagogical university, whether you like it or not, you will have to return home to practice. Or pay a fine, as prescribed in the new Law “On Education in the Russian Federation”. By the way, the person who issued the referral but did not hire the graduate will also pay a fine.

Universities will have universal and pedagogical bachelor's programs, and master's programs will be developed for those who already have higher education and would like to teach at school. Teacher training programs will open for students who want to become teachers.

Let us remember that Konstantin Dmitrievich Ushinsky did not receive a pedagogical education at all. He brilliantly graduated from the Law Faculty of Moscow State University. Anton Semenovich Makarenko after school first went to the railway school, and only then to pedagogical courses.

There will be a master's degree program for teachers, methodologists and managers. Priority will be given to those already working in the education sector.

As part of the experiment, 25 of the best pedagogical universities will open their departments in schools. And teachers at pedagogical institutes will be able to improve their qualifications even at the Academy of Sciences. In total, from 17 to 25 universities will be included in the program at the first stage. In 2016-2017, the experience will spread to all universities.

Teacher, who is he?

According to the latest research from the Institute of Pedagogical Education of the Russian Academy of Education, the portrait of the average school teacher today looks something like this:

Woman 47 years old;

Has a higher pedagogical education (almost 82 percent);

Receives less than 20 thousand rubles;

I rarely go to the theater;

I am not very confident in using a computer.

Competently

Which teacher training universities should be closed? Who will pay for teaching internships for students? When will there be an additional exam for future teachers? Deputy Chairman of the State Duma Committee on Education Nadezhda Shaidenko tells RG about this.

- If future teachers have to take an additional entrance exam, how will it be held?

Nadezhda Shaidenko: This should be a kind of test for professional suitability. A teacher who cannot pronounce half the letters of the alphabet should not be allowed into primary school. Teachers who don’t like children should not be allowed into school; there is no place for evil people. At one time, I was the rector of a pedagogical university for many years, and when parents asked how to choose a good teacher for a first-grader, I advised: “Come to school during class and listen outside the door to how the teacher communicates with the class. If he screams, stomps his feet, kicks out someone, you need to run away from such a teacher." School is not a place for people with weak nerves. All this can be checked using psychological tests.

According to the results of the first monitoring, 71 percent of teacher training universities were found ineffective. Why do we need such pedagogical institutes?

Nadezhda Shaidenko: Each case of closure of teacher training universities must be considered separately. In Tula, for example, there are only two state universities left - classical and pedagogical universities. And there are many such cities. Many pedagogical universities once “hid” behind the signs “humanitarian institute” or “social academy”, but continue to train teaching staff. In monitoring they are not considered pedagogical, but in essence they are. And if earlier we talked about pedagogical universities, now we are talking about pedagogical education, which can actually be obtained at different universities.

- In the concept, it will be divided into applied and universal bachelor's degrees. What it is?

Nadezhda Shaidenko: Applied pedagogical bachelor's degrees will be opened in colleges and pedagogical institutes and will graduate, for example, primary school teachers. A universal bachelor's degree will be open to subject teachers and will become a higher level of teacher qualifications. A bachelor's degree is not always designed for four years. There is also a five-year course, for example, for faculties with double majors: physics-mathematics, biology-chemistry.

The next level is a pedagogical master's degree, and the concept specifically stipulates that master's degree graduates will receive a higher salary. Such education will be required if a teacher, for example, is preparing to work in inclusive schools or classes. What the increase will be, how it will be calculated, all this still needs to be spelled out and discussed. If a teacher goes to study for a master's degree, his workload at school will be reduced, but his salary will remain the same.

- The concept states that universities will be able to open departments in schools. How do you imagine that?

Nadezhda Shaidenko: It must be taken into account that universities and schools are financed from different sources. Schools come from the municipal budget, and universities come from the federal budget. So all the details of network interaction must be worked out in detail and legally prescribed. Interbudgetary financing is a very complex issue.

- Who will pay for internships and internships for students at the school?

Nadezhda Shaidenko: There's nothing new here. The internship was always paid for from the university’s pocket and was calculated based on the hours spent by the student or intern at the school. By the way, the concept involves different types of internships. This includes three years of support for young teachers by more experienced mentors.

- Which faculties of pedagogical universities are most in demand among applicants?

Nadezhda Shaidenko: Faculty of Computer Science. They do well in biology and chemistry. Traditionally, many enroll in the history and philology faculties. They are less likely to choose the physics department because they know physics less well and do poorly on the Unified State Exam in physics. Although there is a catastrophic shortage of teachers in this subject.

The concept says that students will be able to choose individual trajectories - this is a truly valuable and innovative thing. Everyone will have the opportunity to change their training programs and change their future profession already at the stage of study. For those who suddenly realized that they want to be a teacher, and not an engineer or a doctor, there will be an opportunity to get a pedagogical education.
Meanwhile, a teacher standard has been developed for the first time in Russia. What does the “standard” look like? According to its authors, now all school teachers must be universal specialists: master the latest teaching methods, know psychology, understand medicine, master correctional pedagogy, computer technology and project activities, and much more.

On the one hand, everyone agrees that we need to work at the maximum level. But it is difficult to demand from people what no one has ever taught them. Or they once taught a little at university, but then never used this knowledge in their lives.

Evgeny Yamburg, chairman of the working group for the preparation of the draft pedagogical standard, director of the Moscow Education Center N 109:

In fact, the standard should make the teacher free, free him from a huge amount of paperwork, preparing reports, inspections and give him the opportunity to get on with his direct business - teaching schoolchildren. The main risk for the implementation of the standard is the active use of administrative resources and an attempt to implement the “five-year plan in two years.”

Local officials are demanding the implementation of something that has not yet been approved or even fully developed. There are regions where, under the slogan: “We are for inclusive education, it is spelled out in the professional standard,” correctional schools for children with mental problems are closed, and students with special needs are transferred to regular educational institutions. In fact, everyone suffers from this: teachers, who quickly completed monthly advanced training courses, are simply not able to ensure the normal functioning of a team in which there are such different students.

Isak Frumin, scientific director of the Institute of Education of the Higher School of Economics:

The professional standard will allow the quality of a teacher’s work to be taken into account when calculating his salary. Now throughout the country teachers' salaries are being increased - this is the implementation of the decision of the country's authorities. But this happens primarily due to an increase in load. The “hourly” ideology remains, when the main thing is to teach as many lessons as possible. The standard will make it possible to link wages to qualifications, which will be identified when certifying the quality of work in accordance with the professional standard. But this transition must be carried out very carefully. It is possible to introduce teacher certification only simultaneously with the introduction of professional standards into school life.

Marat Alimov, Russian language teacher at Moscow school No. 143, “Teacher of the Year” in Moscow 2006:

This standard is more focused on government orders, which we turn to pedagogical universities, saying: this is the kind of teacher we need. But the problem is that the average age of a teacher in a school is becoming outdated. The question arises: will this slightly romantic dream be suspended? Will it be possible to implement it in practice?
Going to school is like going to space

In Germany, future teachers choose two subjects at university that they want to make the basis of their education. Each student is required to take a course in Educational Sciences, which includes psychology, sociology, didactics and practice. You can become a teacher only after two state exams, which are conducted in specially created examination departments. They take exams for future teachers, doctors and lawyers.

To be admitted to the first exam, you must complete a master's degree, which takes about five years. The first exam tests theoretical knowledge of two core subjects and the Science of Education course. Then the future teacher must undergo a two-year practical training course at a primary or secondary educational institution. Students actually work in schools and receive the official government salary of a “preparatory teacher.” After practice, they must pass a second state exam. Usually in the form of a colloquium.

The second state exam is more important. It provides the opportunity to become a teacher, and the vast majority of German teachers receive the status of a government official. Which means a lifetime job, the impossibility of dismissal, payment for health insurance, vacations, high salaries and state pensions.

True, recently in some lands young teachers have begun to be accepted into schools as civil servants - with a lower salary and without protection from dismissal. However, when hiring, the same requirements apply to them as to teachers with the status of a government official.

Rigorous training of teachers pays off: more than 90 percent of children study in public schools. There is a good free education that both parents and children trust.