home Thyroid Material for making temporary crowns. Manufacturing of temporary crowns and bridges. The process of removing plastic crowns

Material for making temporary crowns. Manufacturing of temporary crowns and bridges. The process of removing plastic crowns

For the protection of prepared teeth during orthopedic treatment of partial crown defects and partial adentia widely temporary (provisional) crowns are used. Several methods for making temporary crowns are used, such as the laboratory method for making plastic crowns, the direct method by forming a self-hardening plastic block in the mouth, the method of relining standard plastic crowns in the mouth, the direct method of forming a temporary crown using a celluloid cap, the method of forming a temporary crowns in a previously obtained impression. Each of these methods has advantages and disadvantages.

The choice of method for making temporary crowns depends on the clinical situation, as well as on the equipment of the clinic, the organization of the treatment process in it and on the qualifications of the orthopedic dentist.

The requirements for the quality of temporary crowns have also increased. The manufacturing method should ensure the possibility of obtaining temporary crowns of an individual anatomical shape, in which interdental contact points, the severity of the equator, and compliance with the cervical shoulder of the stump of the prepared tooth are especially important. The method of obtaining temporary crowns in a previously obtained impression meets these requirements. The essence of the method is to duplicate the shape of the crown of the tooth, which is planned to be prepared for an artificial crown, using an impression that is taken from it before preparation and is used as a mold for the structural polymer material after tooth preparation; the inner surface of the crown is formed by the stump of the prepared tooth itself. The technique was simplified and made cheaper by using the thermoplastic impression material Luxa-Form® from DMG (Germany), intended for obtaining small partial impressions for the manufacture of temporary crowns. It is rational to use full impressions made of silicone material in the manufacture of only bridges or long-term aligners. Luxa-Form® thermoplastic material is available in small, easy-to-use discs.

This material softens in water at a temperature of 70°C for 1 minute; after cooling in the oral cavity, it quickly becomes hard. LuxaForm® is preferably combined with Luxa-temp® bis-acrylic temporary crown composite from the same manufacturer, since bis-acrylic materials do not heat up during polymerization and do not soften the thermoplastic impression material.

According to the literature, Luxa-temp® material demonstrates higher flexural strength and elastic modulus compared to other materials for the manufacture of temporary crowns. Before using thermoplastic impression material to obtain temporary crowns, the tooth for which it is planned to make a temporary crown must be restored with filling material, paying special attention to the restoration of interdental contact points, the expression of the equator and the normalization of the occlusal surface. Since wax-up of these formations on a plaster cast is not suitable for the material, the wax-up areas may change their configuration due to the temperature of the thermoplastic impression material when attempting to make an impression from the plaster cast. In addition, the use of the preliminary wax modeling technique when obtaining single crowns unreasonably complicates the work due to the need to take impressions twice and make a plaster model.

Method of application

The method of using thermoplastic material is quite simple and is as follows.

Preparation (Fig. 2-3). Softening a plate of thermoplastic material in water at a temperature of 70°C for 1 minute. It should be taken into account that one plate is designed to produce one temporary crown. If you need to make two adjacent crowns, you should use two plates.

Partial impression (Fig. 4). The softened plate is placed on the tooth to be prepared and, using light finger pressure, the thermoplastic material is pressed against the teeth and marginal gingival margin. The doctor must hold his fingers without moving them until the material hardens. The process of softening and hardening of the LuxaForm® material is easy to control visually - when softened at a temperature of 70°C, it becomes transparent, and when cooled in the oral cavity, it hardens and turns blue again. When taking an impression from two teeth, a second softened plate of material is applied after the first has hardened, partially overlapping it, and the material bonds quite well. After the material has cured, the impression can be removed from the mouth. When obtaining a partial impression of thermoplastic material, it is necessary to provide conditions for its positioning in the oral cavity after preparation of the tooth or teeth. This is achieved by the fact that the impression covers three teeth - in addition to the tooth being restored, there are also two adjacent ones.

In the case where there are no teeth next to the tooth being restored, the impression should cover part of the alveolar ridge on one or both sides. These anatomical structures will serve as a guide when re-applying an impression with a polymer material. Before preparing the tooth, the color of the future temporary crown is determined, since the Luxatemp® material is available in a standard range of colors.

Tooth preparation (Fig. 5) under a crown is performed in the traditional way without any specific amendments taking into account the material used for temporary structures.

Molding. Before starting the procedure for molding an artificial temporary crown in the oral cavity using an impression, it is necessary to treat the stump of the prepared tooth with any desensitizer in order to seal the dentinal tubules to protect the dental pulp. It is better to start by trying on the impression, and if it is difficult to insert it, it is necessary to adjust it. The stump of the prepared tooth and the gingival margin are treated with Vaseline for isolation. The impression in the area of the tooth to be restored is filled with Luxatemp® composite material in accordance with the selected color. To avoid pores in the temporary crown, the tip of the mixer is placed near the impression of the occlusal surface and, gradually squeezing out the composite material, the space in the impression is filled, and then the mixer cannula is removed (Fig.

9). No later than 45 seconds later, the impression with the composite material is inserted into place, providing finger pressure on it to squeeze out excess composite material (Fig. 10). The polymerization process of Luxatemp® material can be monitored by probing the released excess. The impression with the crown must be removed before complete polymerization, when the composite still retains elasticity - this is the time interval between the second and third minutes after mixing the material. With this method, the composite gets into the undercuts on the proximal sides of the tooth, formed by the equators of adjacent teeth, so when the composite is completely cured, it will be difficult to remove the temporary crown. After removal from the oral cavity, the temporary crown is separated from the thermoplastic mass and after about 4 minutes it is processed with cutters, removing excess composite material. When processing the crown, you should be careful about the interdental contact points and the equator area; you should not shorten the crown too much. It is important that the cervical area of the temporary crown exactly corresponds to the shoulder of the tooth stump, and that part of the crown that sinks under the free gum must be well polished to form a gingival margin of the correct shape around it during the healing process (Fig. 11-14).

Fitting. The need for the stage of fitting a temporary crown is due to the possibility of its deformation when removed from the prosthetic bed after molding, in the process of moving the composite material located in the undercuts through the equator zone of adjacent teeth, as well as as a result of polymerization shrinkage. During the fitting process, the supercontacts are ground off from the inner surface of the temporary crown. If the temporary crown does not fit accurately to the ledge of the tooth stump, it is relined with the same material. Finishing processing. Temporary crowns made of Luxatemp® bis-acrylic composite material can be processed in the usual way - grinding and polishing. As an alternative finishing method, we offer coating them with light-curing varnish Luxatemp-Glaze&Bond® (DMG). This one-component varnish, consisting of multifunctional methacrylates, adheres well to Luxatemp®.

Temporary fixation (Fig. 15). Considering that when fixing temporary crowns made using this method, a minimal gap is formed between the surface of the prepared tooth and the inner surface of the crown, it is sufficient to place the fixing material only in the cervical area. Depending on the planned material for permanent fixation, different types of temporary fixation materials were used - Tempo-Cem® (DMG) (zinc oxide/eugenol cement) or TempoCemNE® (DMG) (zinc oxide cement not containing eugenol) ).

Conclusion

Thermoplastic impression material LuxaForm® (DMG, Germany) makes it possible to simplify and reduce the cost of making temporary crowns. The use of modern high-quality materials in the manufacture of temporary crowns in a previously obtained impression ensures their compliance with existing quality standards.

Updated 11/10/2011 13:48

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Why are temporary dental restorations needed?

The main function of temporary bridges and crowns is to protect prepared teeth from sudden temperature influences, as well as from the influence of pathogenic bacteria. In addition, temporary dental structures will help the patient get rid of the feeling of physical discomfort while eating, as well as the feeling of moral discomfort due to the unattractive appearance of ground teeth.

Temporary crowns can be used for both natural teeth and implants. Making temporary crowns for implants takes no more than 3-4 days; they are made from special materials, including durable plastic.

Methods for making temporary dental structures

The following methods for making temporary crowns are used in dental practice:

Manufacturing of crowns and bridges from plastic in laboratory conditions.
A method of direct formation in the patient’s oral cavity from a block of self-hardening plastic.
A method for repositioning standard plastic products in the oral cavity.
A method of directly forming a temporary structure using a celluloid coping.
A method of forming a temporary structure in a previously prepared impression.

Each of the mentioned methods has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Plastic for the manufacture of temporary dental structures

Making temporary crowns from plastic is very popular, since plastic is not only one of the most affordable materials, but also a material that, if properly used, can last for several years. However, often the period of use of plastic crowns and bridges ranges from several weeks to several months - while the specialist is busy making permanent dentures.

Most often, the production of temporary plastic crowns is carried out by experienced specialists in dental laboratories. The plastic used for temporary structures must be of high quality, which will ensure the creation of a temporary denture that perfectly follows the shape of its permanent counterpart.

You can purchase high-quality materials for the manufacture of temporary crowns and bridges at the best price in the Dentlman online store.

www.dentlman.ru

Classification:

By purpose:

Restorative;
Support (used in bridges, replace not only a defect within the coronal part of the tooth, but also a missing tooth or several teeth).

By design features:

Full (cover the prepared stump from all sides), partial (three-quarter, half-crowns) leave the outer surface of the crown open;
Telescopic (double; used in removable prosthetics, the first cone-shaped is fixed on the stump, the second, restoring the tooth, is part of the removable part and is put on the first).

According to the material used:

Metal (noble or base alloys);
Non-metallic (ceramics, zirconium dioxide, plastic, composite);
Combined (metal-ceramics, metal-plastic).

By fixation method:

Cemented (for prosthetics of natural teeth or on implants);
Screw (used only for prosthetics on implants - artificial analogues of natural roots, strengthened inside the bone tissue of the jaws).

By service life:

Permanent;
Temporary - provisional (used at the stages of manufacturing the final ones to protect the stump from irritants, restore contacts with other teeth and for aesthetic purposes, including for shaping the gum contour).

The indications for the use of these structures are the broadest:

Defects of the natural crown are more than half its size;
Increased (inappropriate for age) abrasion of teeth; correction of jaw relationship (bite);
Deep wedge-shaped defects are areas of triangular-shaped loss of hard tissue in the neck of the tooth (near the gums), weakening it and increasing the risk of complete breakage during chewing;
Congenital anomaly of tooth shape (for example, underdevelopment or complete absence of enamel) or acquired (for example, after injury);
Some congenital or acquired pronounced color changes that cannot be eliminated by bleaching (discolorities) are the consequences of injuries, medications used or materials for filling root canals;
Tilting and/or protrusion of a tooth or a group of them when the patient refuses orthodontic treatment (orthopedic “movement”);
Combining - splinting - teeth when they are mobile (the crowns are not made separately, but as a single block and are fixed at the same time);
The need to improve the shape and protection of the tooth during removable prosthetics(creating pronounced convex contours that will hold the fixing elements and along with them the prosthesis itself);
The presence of aesthetically unsatisfactory crowns (all-metal, combined with chips of the facing material or a gray-blue border, visible at the gingival margin when it decreases or thins).

Despite the variety of clinical situations in which the use of these constructs is justified, the general rule is prosthetics in the early stages.

Increasing the physical and mechanical characteristics of the crown of a natural tooth due to the circular coverage of the dental stump with a solid structure;
The ability to reproduce or correct the appearance of the crown in the desired direction;
The ability to perform the function of a supporting element of a fixed or removable prosthesis.

If all conditions are met, the possible disadvantages of this design (for example, bleeding, temporary whitening or a feeling of pressure in the area of the adjacent gum) are mild or completely absent. However, it should be understood that while performing restorative and, to a certain extent, preventive functions, orthopedic treatment does not act on the main cause of caries - acid produced by plaque microorganisms. This means that daily personal oral hygiene measures must be carried out in full.

Each type of crown is characterized by its own manufacturing technology: metal ones are cast or stamped, plastic and composite ones are polymerized, ceramic ones are sintered, pressed, milled. Those previously used (stamped with plastic lining, partial, metal-plastic) are now rarely used. Despite this circumstance, at the present stage of development, there is a sufficient variety of options that allows you to find the optimal solution in each case.

The choice of material and technology depends on the objectives of the individual clinical situation.

Stainless steel (stamped);
Alloys of gold and silver (all-metal cast);
Cobalt-chrome, cobalt-nickel and palladium alloys (cast metal base combined or as an independent material);
Plastics of cold (when mixing the components they harden in the oral cavity) or hot (when mixing the components they harden under heating and high pressure) polymerization (for clinical, i.e. directly in the office or laboratory production of temporary structures, respectively);
Technical composites (temporary, laboratory-produced);
Ceramic masses (for lining frames or making porcelain crowns);
Zirconium dioxide (aluminum compound) is a modern standard of aesthetic prosthetics.

General sequence of clinical and laboratory stages of manufacturing artificial crowns

Several specialists take part in their creation:

Orthopedic dentist (carries out diagnostics, design planning, consultation, preparation of teeth for prosthetics - odontopreparation, taking impressions, quality control of the construction at all stages with correction if necessary, fitting, temporary and permanent fixation, dispensary observation - periodic examinations);
Dental technician (together with the doctor, plans the future design and carries out its direct production on models (plaster analogues of teeth and jaws, obtained from impressions) in the laboratory, makes adjustments, if any);
Dental assistant – performs auxiliary manipulations in the oral cavity and office during treatment.

Stage 1:

Diagnostic – basic (questioning, i.e. medical history, examination) and additional (usually one of the types of x-ray examination) examination methods, drawing up and agreeing on a treatment plan, impressions for diagnostic models and temporary crowns, preliminary color determination, bite registration. If necessary, auxiliary measures are carried out - a complex of professional hygiene (removal of dental plaque), treatment or re-treatment of caries (replacement of old restorations), endodontic (pulp removal, re-treatment of the root canal system) or surgical (lengthening of the clinical, i.e. visible crown with insufficient height). In a difficult clinical situation, total prosthetics, a special device is used - facebow, which fixes the position of the upper jaw in the space of the skull and makes it possible to transfer it to a device that reproduces the natural movements of the lower jaw - an articulator. A dental photography protocol is also used - registration of images of the patient’s face in front and in profile, dentition in a closed and open state in the anterior and lateral sections. This manipulation helps the technician in choosing the visual characteristics of the future restoration (building a color scheme for the restoration, determining its size and shape).

Stage 2

Preparatory – odontopreparation – grinding of hard tissues to create the shape of the tooth stump, providing the possibility of applying and subsequent fixation of the structure, as well as ensuring the correct relationship between the edge of the crown and the soft tissues of the gums. For this manipulation on living teeth, be sure to use water-air cooling in order to prevent overheating of the hard tissues of the tooth. Taking working impressions, final color determination. Fitting, correction (relining) and temporary fixation of temporary crowns.

Stage 3

Final – delivery of the work (trying on and, if necessary, correction of the structure, agreement with the patient on the coincidence of the existing and desired results regarding color, shape, size, convenience, temporary (for combined) or permanent (for metal-free structures) fixation; subsequent replacement of the temporary fixation with a permanent one) .

A laboratory technician performs the following manipulations:

Making temporary crowns(if they are not made directly by a doctor in the office using a silicone key, a special material is applied to the area of interest and retains its shape when hardened); as a rule, the help of a technician is required in case of severe initial destruction - in this case, he casts a model using an impression, models the damaged areas on it with wax, and from this structure, using a key, makes temporary restorations;
Making working models from supergypsum based on final impressions;
Making a wax reproduction of the final restoration followed by a step-by-step replacement of materials (for example, casting a base for a combined structure, followed by application and firing of ceramic mass).

In addition to the traditional manufacturing method, there is also the so-called milling from ready-made blocks on a computer-controlled machine (CAD/CAM technology, for example CEREC, EVEREST). With the help of an optical system it is removed imprint(essentially scanned) either a prepared area directly in the oral cavity, or a model, then the data is transferred to a computer, where the image is processed with a special program, a model of the future restoration is built, which can be adjusted, and then turned and finalized (painted and glazed to give gloss comparable to natural). Now this is the most accurate way to create structures of various sizes and lengths (up to the entire dental arch), because human involvement and therefore possible inaccuracies are reduced to a minimum. The next step will obviously be the development of 3D printing technologies.

Comparative characteristics of artificial crowns

Variety	Positive traits	Negative qualities
Metal (stamped and cast);	Stamped – gentle preparation (only the most protruding part of the crown around the circumference is ground);	Cast – hardness and bioinertness of noble alloys (does not interact with the body).
Combined (metal-ceramics)	Strength; Accuracy; Wear resistance, color stability (compared to metal-plastic); Satisfactory aesthetics (no visible metal); Bioinertness.	Ceramics abrades its own tissues when chewed due to its greater hardness (national guide to prosthetic dentistry, p. 156); Insufficient translucency due to the metal base; The need for a sufficiently large preparation to create space for restoration.
Plastic and composite (currently used only as temporary)	Aesthetics; Ease of manufacture; Sufficient hardness (composite); No metal parts in the design.	Low strength and color stability; Possible allergy to plastic components.
Metal-free (ceramic and zirconium dioxide-based)	The highest aesthetics due to the absence of metal and material properties comparable to those of natural tooth tissue (variable degrees of transparency), the ability to create any color options and individual structure features; Absolute color stability; High strength of zirconium dioxide (comparable to metal ceramics). Bioinertness;	The relative fragility of pressed ceramics (IPS Emax technology, used only in the anterior part of the dental arches)

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Experience in using GC materials for the manufacture of temporary crowns

I.N. Ponomarenko, M.I. Kronda, Department of Orthopedic DentistryKuban Statemedical university

Currently, modern aesthetic designs of dentures (metal-ceramic, all-ceramic, etc.), which require significant grinding of hard dental tissues, are widely used in dental practice. In this regard, the dentist constantly has to deal with the production of temporary (provisional) crowns on prepared teeth for the period of production of permanent dentures. The question of the need to make temporary crowns has been reflected in numerous studies and articles. It can be considered decided that the manufacture of temporary crowns is an obligatory and necessary step for any type of fixed prosthetics. The manufacture of temporary structures involves simultaneous solution of several tasks: protection of teeth with a viable pulp from the effects of chemical and physical irritants, bacteria and their metabolic products, which can lead to inflammation in the pulp; prevention of the development of pathological processes and complications; restoration of sufficient functional capacity of the dental system; prevention of displacement of prepared teeth during the production of a permanent prosthesis; restoration of aesthetics, especially in the frontal part of the dentition; elimination of negative psycho-emotional consequences associated with the patient’s aesthetic dissatisfaction, articulation and diction disorders. Temporary crowns can be made by a doctor at the same time at the patient’s chair, or by a dental technician in the laboratory. Due to the emergence of composite materials and modern fast-hardening plastics on the dental market, preference is increasingly given to the first method. However, a large number of materials offered (Protemp, Dentalon Plus, Politemp, Palavit, Prevision CB CTR, Re-Fine Bright, Structur 2, etc.), actively advertised by manufacturers, often confuse the practitioner. When choosing a material for the manufacture of temporary crowns, we settled on the company's products "GC". Our choice was due to several reasons. Firstly, this is the high quality of the company's products, which has been on the market for more than 80 years, the basis of whose corporate philosophy is the most modern standards of research and development, as well as constant testing and improvement of products. Secondly, the company's products cover the entire range of consumables, instruments and apparatus for dental practices and dental laboratories. Materials In our practice, when making temporary crowns, we used GC Unifast LC (Fig. 1) or GC Revotek LC (Fig. 2), and for their temporary fixation we used eugenol-free cement GC Freegenol (Fig. 3) GC Unifast LC is a light-curing material based on methyl methacrylate for the manufacture of temporary orthopedic structures (crowns, short bridges, inlays and onlays). The material is available in Intro 6-2 packaging, which contains 6 bottles of powder of 30 g and two bottles of liquid of 14.7 ml. The big advantage of Unifast LC is the availability of the most commonly used colors A2, A3, B2, B3, C2, which allows you to make an aesthetic temporary crown. In addition, the kit includes two measuring cups for mixing the material. Direct technique To make a temporary crown, we used a standard one-step direct technique, by crimping the material into a pre-prepared impression. For this purpose, before preparing the tooth, an impression was taken with silicone mass. The tooth was prepared for a certain type of permanent crown and a working impression was obtained (Fig. 4). The preliminary silicone impression was then dried and Unifast LC resin was mixed. The standard powder/liquid ratio is 1.0 g powder and 0.5 ml liquid. It is obtained by pouring powder into a measuring cup up to the first division and taking 21 drops of liquid. Adding the powder to the liquid quickly (within 10-15 seconds) kneaded the plastic until it reached a creamy consistency. The resulting mass was used to fill the impression of the prepared tooth. The impression was recorded in the oral cavity. After self-curing, when the plastic reached a rubber-like consistency, approximately 6.5-7 minutes from the start of mixing, the impression was easily removed from the oral cavity (Fig. 5). The final adjustment (Fig. 6) and fitting of the crown were carried out, after which the final light-curing of the plastic was performed (Fig. 7) with a medical polymerizer (wavelength 470 nm). Direct technique In cases where it is impossible to use the direct technique for making temporary crowns (for example, when the coronal part of the supporting teeth is destroyed), we used an indirect laboratory technique (Fig. 9-14). Single crowns In the manufacture of single temporary crowns, we used Revotek LC, a light-curing plastic composite for the manufacture of temporary restorations (bridges, crowns, inlays, onlays). This is the first one-component composite presented in the form of a paste-like cylinder. Intro packaging contains: 1 cylinder of plastic consistency in shade B2 in aluminum foil; lightproof plastic container for storing material; 1 GC spatula No. 2. On average, one package is enough to make 30 temporary crowns. The uniqueness of this material is that the manufacture of a temporary crown does not require preliminary mixing or taking an impression. Revotek LC has undoubted positive properties, such as: ease of use; strength; high wear resistance; low shrinkage rate; no heat generation during material curing; absence of chemical irritation and unpleasant pungent odor characteristic of methacrylates. Working with Revotek LC, we used direct restoration in the oral cavity. To do this, transfer the plastic cylinder from the original aluminum packaging into a special lightproof storage container (Fig. 15) and select the required amount of material (Fig. 16) with a No. 2 spatula. Working with gloves, we kneaded the taken material with our fingers to soften it and give it the desired shape (Fig. 17). It should be noted that you should not knead the material too intensively, much less warm it up before use, as it becomes sticky, which makes work difficult. The prepared material was introduced into the oral cavity and pressed onto the supporting prepared tooth, contouring it with fingers and a spatula (Fig. 18). To facilitate the process of modeling the temporary crown, GC Cocoa Batter (Fig. 19) or Vaseline was applied to the spatula or fingers. The patient was asked to close his mouth (in central occlusion) to obtain the occlusal surface (Fig. 20). After giving the temporary crown the required shape, the material was initially light-cured in the patient’s mouth using a halogen polymerizer, illuminating each surface of the crown for 10 seconds. This manipulation is necessary to prevent possible deformation. After removing the temporary crown from the mouth, final photopolymerization of each side was carried out for 20 seconds (Fig. 21) and finishing treatment (Fig. 22). When adjusting the shape of the temporary restoration, carbide dental burs and silicone heads were used. The temporary crown was polished using suede wheel-shaped felts. In the oral cavity, the manufactured crowns were fixed with eugenol-free temporary cement GC Freegenol Temporary Pack so that they could be easily removed during the next visit to the dentist. Conclusion Thus, as the results of our clinical work have shown, the process of creating temporary crowns using materials becomes quite simple and predictable. At the same time, the appearance and quality of the crowns allow patients to lead a full life during the manufacturing stage of permanent structures. We believe that GC materials for the manufacture and fixation of temporary crowns fully meet all modern requirements, allow obtaining excellent aesthetic and functional results, are easy to use and can be widely used in dental practice.* * Article « Experience in using GC materials for the manufacture of temporary crowns" completely (800 KB, format PDF)

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Materials for temporary crowns

IMPORTANT: Plastic crowns are ideal temporary structures that allow the patient to lead a normal life until a permanent prosthesis is created. However, they are not intended for long-term wearing - this requires more reliable, but also more expensive materials and manufacturing methods.

Temporary crowns are made mainly from plastic, but are now increasingly being made from acrylic and its derivatives. Each material has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the price directly depends on this. However, since the temporary crown will not last very long, you should not worry too much about its material - the main thing is that it is not toxic.

Advantages and disadvantages of temporary crowns

IMPORTANT: Compared to a permanent crown, a temporary crown has one advantage - speed and ease of manufacture, and therefore such a crown costs much less

Temporary crowns, like any other construction, have a number of advantages and disadvantages. Qualified dentists do not argue with each other regarding plastic and acrylic crowns - their pros and cons are quite obvious.

Advantages

Temporary crown protects a tooth that has been ground down and devoid of enamel for pain if the nerves have not been completely removed from the tooth
Temporary crowns prevent gums from growing over the edge of the tooth. This happens quite often and greatly interferes with permanent prosthetics.
The temporary crown serves as a reliable shield, protecting the ground tooth from the penetration of organisms, thus preventing inflammation
If you install a temporary crown, it will allow maintain bite- the ground tooth will not move to the side, and neighboring teeth will not lean into the resulting empty space
With the help of a temporary crown you can quickly get used to the new tooth, since the temporary structure is an exact copy of the permanent one
Compared to a permanent crown, a temporary crown has one advantage - speed and ease of production, which is why such a crown costs much less
Well, perhaps one of the most significant advantages is temporary restoration of aesthetics and functionality of the dentition, as well as complete preservation of diction during the production of a permanent crown

Flaws

Temporary crowns are cheap and easy to manufacture, but they cannot be used as permanent structures due to a number of disadvantages:

Plastic is too porous a material, so pathogenic microflora can easily penetrate deep into the temporary crown. Gradually, these harmful microorganisms will reach the tooth stump, which will cause inflammation
Plastic very easily changes its original color, especially under the influence of black tea, coffee and red wine, as well as nicotine. However, it will not be possible to bleach a plastic crown.
Temporary structures serve very well not for long- those made hastily last only a few weeks, while those created in a dental laboratory can last up to two years, but this is still not enough

Based on all the advantages and disadvantages, we can conclude that plastic crowns are ideal temporary structures that allow the patient to lead a normal life until a permanent prosthesis is created. However, they are not intended for long-term wearing - this requires more reliable, but also more expensive materials and manufacturing methods.

Making temporary crowns

There are at least five methods for making provisional crowns, but only two are most widespread: direct and indirect.

Direct method

In this case, a temporary crown is installed directly in front of the patient, directly in the doctor’s office.

First of all, the doctor makes a cast of the destroyed and neighboring teeth, as well as the antagonist tooth from the opposite jaw. The impression quickly hardens, then it is removed from the mouth and the tooth begins to be filed down. The purpose of this grinding is to form a stump on which a temporary and then a permanent prosthesis will be installed.

After all this, the doctor pours material into the impression and puts it on the tooth. Once the material has hardened, the impression is taken and a temporary crown is left on the tooth. It is ground, ground and polished to the perfect shape and then secured with temporary cement.

Installing a temporary crown in this way takes about an hour. A temporary crown installed in this way less durable, and dentists recommend installing it if an urgent tooth replacement is required, and a permanent crown will soon be ready. For example, this is how temporary crowns are usually made for the front teeth.

Indirect method

In this case, the crown is made not by a doctor, but by a dental technician. First, plaster models are made from a silicone impression, and then the future artificial tooth is modeled using wax.

With the indirect method, the doctor can study the characteristics of the bite and jaw movement, so that the crown will ideally match all parameters.

The crown in this case is made in a couple of days and is different great convenience and reliability.

Temporary fixation of crowns

Regardless of what material is chosen for the manufacture of a temporary crown, it is fixed on a special temporary cement. This cement differs from ordinary cement in that it gradually dissolves under the influence of saliva.

What to do if a temporary crown falls out

Since the cement on which the crown is placed is temporary and not so strong, there is a possibility of the temporary structure falling out. In this case, professional dentists recommend that you sign up for an appointment with the doctor, and before that, try to return the crown to the oral cavity. At night, the crown can be placed in a glass of water to prevent accidental swallowing.

Troubles from temporary crowns

No matter how good temporary crowns are, many patients complain about some unpleasant moments associated with them.

Visitors to specialized dental portals and forums note that the most widespread problem is allergy to plastic. Unlike ceramics, nylon and a number of other modern and more expensive materials, plastic can very easily cause irritation and allergies. This manifests itself as an unpleasant taste and burning sensation in the mouth, sometimes immediately after eating, and sometimes constantly. The best solution in this case is to visit a doctor so that he can conduct allergy tests. If the burning sensation is tolerable, then it makes sense to wear the temporary crowns to the end, but if the allergy bothers you greatly, then it is worth removing them. In addition, it would be useful to test for allergies to the material of future permanent dentures, just in case.

Another problem, according to those who have installed temporary crowns, is the various diseases of teeth and gums problems arising after the procedure. The fact is that plastic is not a very environmentally friendly material; it easily absorbs harmful substances and irritates the gums. Because of this, when wearing temporary plastic crowns for a long time, problems with the gums are possible. To avoid them, it is best to take care of your teeth and crowns as carefully as possible, and also not to delay replacing the temporary structure with a permanent one.

Sometimes patients are still worried bad breath while wearing crowns, however, the reason here is most likely simply that the plastic itself has absorbed various odors.

Caring for a temporary crown

In order for the temporary crown to “survive” until the permanent crown is installed, it needs careful care:

Try to chew less on the side of your jaw where the crown is installed. Especially avoid chewing hard foods or sticky foods such as marshmallows, candy and chocolate. Try not to chew gum at all
Brush your teeth thoroughly, but try not to put pressure on the temporary crown with the toothbrush
If you use dental floss, do not pull it out as usual, holding both ends with your fingers and pulling the floss down or up. It would be better to let go of one end and pull the other, pulling the thread out of the interdental space;
Do not delay changing temporary crowns - they do not fully perform all the necessary functions. It would be better to start installing a permanent structure as soon as possible

These structures can be manufactured by direct (clinical) and indirect (laboratory) methods.

Clinical and laboratory methods for producing temporary provisional crowns using a laboratory method do not differ from the production of plastic crowns described above. Let us dwell in detail on the direct method of making temporary crowns.

Manufacturing temporary plastic crowns using clinical methods

This method is used when it is necessary to obtain and fix temporary crowns immediately after tooth preparation.

Making a temporary crown from self-hardening plastic.

When choosing this method, a provisional crown is made on the stump of the tooth being prepared in the oral cavity from self-hardening plastic by free molding of the polymer, followed by shaping the crown by grinding. The disadvantage of this method is the porous surface of the crown, which increases the adsorption of plaque on it, and there is also a high probability of chemical-toxic damage to the mucous membrane.

Making a temporary crown from standard artificial teeth and self-hardening plastic.

When choosing this method, you need artificial teeth from a set of artificial teeth for removable prosthetics of the appropriate size, shape, and color. An artificial tooth is selected, its oral surface is ground off, leaving only the vestibular surface in the form of a “shell.” After fitting it onto the tooth, the oral surface of the crown is formed from self-hardening plastic. The plastic composition is removed from the tooth stump at a rubber-like stage and, after final polymerization, is processed, grinded, polished and fixed to the stump.

Making a temporary crown from self-hardening plastic using a polyethylene cap having the anatomical shape of the tooth crown.

A standard celluloid cap having the anatomical shape of a crown is fitted in the oral cavity along the neck of the prosthetic tooth. After fitting, the cap is filled to the level of the neck with polymer at the dough-like stage of maturation and placed on the stump; at the rubber-like stage, the cap is removed from the oral cavity. Next, after final polymerization, the cap is cut and the temporary crowns are removed. The crown is corrected along the gingival margin and along the occlusion. After fitting, the crown is processed, polished and fixed to the stump.

Application of temporary polycarbonate crowns.

This method is based on the use of standard sets of polymer temporary crowns of different sizes, styles, and colors. After selecting a crown of the required shape and size, its cervical edge is reshaped in accordance with the contour of the tooth neck in the oral cavity. Next, the relief of the tooth stump is refined using self-hardening plastic; after polymerization of the plastic, the edge of the crown is corrected and fixed using temporary cements.

Making a temporary crown from self-hardening plastic using an impression taken before preparation.

This method is widely used in the clinic, since it is possible to produce any number of temporary structures at the same time, in addition, the resulting structures do not require further correction in shape and color.

The production of crowns begins first with the taking of an anatomical impression before preparing the tooth. Next, the doctor carries out odontopreparation of the necessary teeth for an artificial crown, after which the polymer material is mixed in accordance with the instructions for use and, at the stage of stretching threads, is introduced into the prepared impression in the area of the prepared teeth, the impression is introduced into the oral cavity and brought to the rubber-like stage (5-7 minutes ). After removing the crowns from the impression, they are adjusted along the gingival margin and, if necessary, along the occlusion. After fitting, the crown is processed, polished and fixed to the stump with temporary cements.

Making a temporary crown for the CEREC-3 device.

In recent years, CAD/CAM technologies have become widespread. Using the CEREC-3 device, the orthopedic dentist receives an optical impression of the prepared tooth, adjacent teeth and antagonist teeth. Using a computer, the crown is modeled within 5 minutes and milled from a special plastic block within 10 minutes.

Homework to understand the topic of the lesson.

Control questions:

Clinical and laboratory stages of manufacturing stamped metal crowns?

Clinical and laboratory stages of making a crown according to Belkin?

Clinical and laboratory stages of manufacturing plastic crowns using the direct method?

Clinical and laboratory stages of manufacturing plastic crowns using the indirect method?

Test tasks:

Initial test knowledge control

Option #1

1. WHEN PREPARING A TOOTH FOR A STAMPED METAL CROWN, THE VOLUME OF TISSUE IS GRINDED FROM THE CONTACT SURFACES:

1) on the thickness of the crown material;

2) corresponding to the apex of the interdental gingival papilla;

3) only the equator;

4) contact point.

2. WHEN PREPARING A TOOTH FOR A STAMPED CROWN, A LEGGE IS FORMED:

2) at the level of the gum edge;

3) subgingivally on the vestibular surface;

4) is not formed.

3. WHEN MANUFACTURING A STAMPED CROWN, WAX MODELING OF ANATOMICAL SHAPE IS PRODUCED IN THE VOLUME (COMPARED TO A NATURAL TOOTH):

1) smaller by metal thickness;

2) greater by the thickness of the metal;

4) less by the thickness of the compensation varnish.

4. CHECKING OCCLUSAL CONTACTS AT THE STAGE OF FITTING AN ARTIFICIAL CROWN IS CARRIED OUT IN OCCLUSIONS:

2) sagittal and central;

3) central and lateral;

4) lateral and sagittal.

5. WHEN PREPARING A TOOTH FOR A CROWN, THE SURFACES TO BE PREPARED:

2) contact and occlusal;

3) vestibular and oral;

4) contact, occlusal, vestibular and oral.

6. WHEN MANUFACTURING A STAMPED CROWN, WAX MODELING IS DONE ON:

1) metal stamp;

2) plaster model;

3) collapsible model;

4) fireproof model.

7. THE DISADVANTAGE OF USING STAMPED CROWNS IS:

3) low cost;

8. POSITIVE QUALITIES OF USING STAMPED CROWNS SHOULD INCLUDE:

1) small volume of tissue to be prepared;

9. WHEN PREPARING A TOOTH FOR A STAMPED METAL CROWN, A LAYER OF TISSUE IS REMOVED FROM THE CHEWING SURFACE AND CUTTING EDGE Equal to:

10. APPLICATION OF A COMBINED CROWN WITH PLASTIC LINING ON A STAMPED BASE SUGGESTED:

Option No. 2

1. FOR PERMANENT FIXATION OF FIXED PROSTHETICS THE following ARE USED:

3) oil dentin;

4) water dentin.

2. WHEN MANUFACTURING A COMBINED STAMPED CROWN, THE CONNECTION OF PLASTIC WITH METAL IS DUE TO:

1) chemical compound;

2) formation of an oxide film;

3) mutual diffusion of materials;

4) cutting out a section of the vestibular surface of the crown and creating notches along the edge of the window.

3. THE DISADVANTAGE OF USING STAMPED CROWNS IS:

1) small volume of tissue to be prepared;

2) traumatic effect on the marginal gum;

3) low cost;

4) relatively fast production times.

4. POSITIVE QUALITIES OF USING STAMPED CROWNS SHOULD INCLUDE:

1) low cost;

3) traumatic effect on the marginal gum;

4) the impossibility of clearly recreating the anatomical form.

5. WHEN PREPARING A TOOTH FOR A STAMPED METAL CROWN, AN EQUAL LAYER OF TISSUE IS REMOVED FROM THE CONTACT, ORAL AND VESTIBULAR SURFACES:

1) excise the equator;

6. THE BEGINNING OF THE USE OF A COMBINED CROWN ACCORDING TO Y.I. BELKIN IS CONSIDERED TO BE:

8. MATERIALS USED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PLASTIC CROWNS:

4) hot-curing acrylic plastics.

9. TO CARRY OUT THE FINAL STAMPING STAGE OF THE METAL STAMPED CROWN, THE METHOD IS USED:

4) anvil and hammer.

1) stamping method;

2) combined method;

Option #3

1. THE READY STAMPED CROWN MUST MEET THE REQUIREMENTS:

1) have a thickness of 0.5-0.8 mm;

2) fit tightly to the ledge;

3) match the color of a natural tooth;

4) restore contact with adjacent teeth.

2. THE DISADVANTAGE OF USING STAMPED CROWNS IS:

1) small volume of tissue to be prepared;

2) the impossibility of clearly recreating the anatomical form;

3) low cost;

4) relatively fast production times.

3. POSITIVE QUALITIES OF USING STAMPED CROWNS SHOULD INCLUDE:

1) relatively fast production times;

3) traumatic effect on the marginal gum;

4) the impossibility of clearly recreating the anatomical form.

4. TO OBTAIN AN IMPRESSION WHEN MANUFACTURING A STAMPED METAL CROWN, THE MASS IS USED:

1) A - silicone;

2) C - silicone;

5. WHEN PREPARING A TOOTH FOR A COMBINED CROWN ACCORDING TO Y.I. A LAYER OF TISSUE IS REMOVED FROM THE CONTACT, ORAL AND VESTIBULAR SURFACES EQUAL TO:

1) excise the equator;

6. A FEATURE OF TOOTH PREPARATION FOR A PLASTIC CROWN IS:

1) giving the stump the shape of a cylinder;

2) creating a ledge in the cervical region;

3) excision of the equator;

4) small volume of tissue removed.

7. AFTER PREPARING THE TOOTH UNDER THE PLASTIC CROWN, AN IMPRESSION IS TAKEN USING THE MASS:

8. TO CARRY OUT THE FINAL STAMPING STAGE OF THE METAL STAMPED CROWN, THE METHOD IS USED:

3) tapping on a lead pad;

4) anvil and hammer.

9. MATERIALS USED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PLASTIC CROWNS:

1) plastics based on polyvinyl chloride;

2) plastics based on vinyl chloride;

3) plastics based on butyl acrylate;

4) acrylic self-hardening plastics.

10. METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING PLASTIC CROWNS SHOULD INCLUDE:

Methods for making temporary crowns

Temporary crowns are a necessary measure during prosthetics. Due to the technological complexity, the production of a permanent crown takes a certain period of time. Until the crown is completely ready, the patient will be offered a temporary prosthesis. It performs important functions: it protects teeth from displacement after grinding, protects the prepared tooth from bacteria, prevents pain and masks the defect so that it is not visible when smiling and talking.

Making a temporary crown

There are two main methods for making temporary crowns, which differ depending on the materials used and the design idea.

Direct method

The direct method of making a temporary crown requires a minimum visit to the doctor. According to this method, a temporary crown is made directly in the patient’s doctor’s office. As you know, before starting prosthetics, the doctor needs to take an impression of the teeth. For this purpose, special softened silicone is used; when hardened, it retains its shape and displays the features of the jaw. The impression will be useful for installing a temporary crown.

After making the impression, the specialist begins grinding the tooth. The doctor then takes the impression and places the material chosen to create the temporary crown. Most often this is a special plastic. A cast is placed on the tooth stump formed after grinding. When the specialist takes an impression, the temporary crown, which has taken the desired shape, remains in the tooth. In order for such a crown to fulfill its functional and aesthetic purpose, the doctor carefully grinds it down, polishes it and grinds it. As a result, the patient gains a comfortable, familiar bite.

Take part in the treatment!

FDC has 5 superior rooms. For convenience, radiovisiographs are installed in each office, making it possible to conduct X-ray diagnostics and control treatment without leaving the office.

Special monitors are installed in front of the patient’s chair to allow participation in the course of treatment.

The final stage of installing a temporary crown is fixation with cement, which will then allow you to remove the temporary crown and install a permanent crown. For these purposes, an unusual cement is used that dissolves in the mouth under the influence of saliva. All together, the stages of manufacturing this crown will take about an hour.

Indirect method

Unlike the previous one, the indirect method of making a temporary crown will require more time. It is carried out in a dental laboratory and will take one to two days. Implementing this method also requires a cast. A silicone impression is necessary for the production of plaster models of teeth, which make it possible to accurately reproduce the characteristics of a particular patient’s jaw.

Based on the plaster models, the technician creates a wax model of the prosthesis. Using this model, the crown itself is made. To do this, a specialist can use not only plastic, but also composite materials, as well as metal, for example, when creating crowns reinforced with metal mesh. The advantages of this method are higher precision in crown manufacturing, the possibility of using durable and reliable materials that better cope with the chewing load.

Dental laboratory

The FDC clinic has its own dental laboratory, equipped with the latest technology, so even the most labor-intensive orthopedic work is performed in the shortest possible time.

Laboratory in France

If necessary, exclusive work can also be performed in the most prestigious dental laboratory in France, Bourbon Atelierd’ Art Dentaire (Nice)

Temporary crowns can function for a short time; they last from a week to a month. This period should be enough to create a permanent structure. As for the appearance of such crowns, they are quite capable of maintaining the aesthetic appeal of the oral cavity.

When planning prosthetics, the doctor and the patient discuss methods for making temporary crowns, choosing the optimal one. This means you don’t have to worry about this; specialists at the French Dental Clinic always provide clear and competent advice before starting treatment.

Materials for making temporary crowns

There comes a time when we have to turn to doctors for help to replace previously removed teeth and place crowns. Crowns are distinguished by manufacturing methods and the materials used for this.

Our site will tell you what materials are needed to make crowns that are currently used in dental practice. On our website, Moscow residents will be able to familiarize themselves with and purchase all the necessary materials for crowns from the dentist.

Before making a modern aesthetic denture, the doctor has to grind off most of the hard tissues of the tooth. In order to protect an already prepared, polished tooth, doctors have to deal with the manufacture of temporary crowns. Now he can do this right at the patient’s chair. After the appearance of composite materials and fast-hardening plastics on the market, this method of producing temporary crowns has become widely used.

The use of temporary crowns helps solve several problems at once:

1. This is the protection of a tooth with a viable pulp from the effects of all kinds of irritants, bacteria that can cause inflammation of the pulp.
2. Prevention of displacement of ground teeth during the manufacture of a permanent prosthesis.
3. Prevention of the development of complications and pathological processes.
4. Elimination of negative irritating consequences associated with the unaesthetic appearance of the patient’s teeth before the end of prosthetics, impaired articulation and diction.

The Acrytemp material presented on our website is intended for direct production of temporary crowns in the doctor's office. The available automixing system in the cartridge provides the opportunity to carry out optimal dosages. It has good functionality and heats up slightly during polymerization. Well protects the core of the teeth, corresponds to the periodontal connection, maintains the position of the tooth. It has good resistance to any impact and displacement during the chewing process. It has the ability to change shape, relief, and the ability to comply with dental aesthetics standards. Easily repaired if necessary.

Acrytemp material for the manufacture of temporary crowns has good characteristics:

1. Automatic mixing system in the cartridge.
2. It has a complex methacrylic multifunctional base, without monomers.
3. Translucent.
4. Has four stable brilliant colors.

On our website you can also select and use other materials to create temporary crowns for prosthetics.

This composites, used for the manufacture of temporary crowns.

Reflective- used for temporary inlays, temporary crowns made of plastic. For relining any plastics, crowns, for restoring the chewing surface of artificial plastic teeth. With all the necessary additives in the package.

Self-curing encores– acrylic composites, in cartridges, several types and colors.

Also, to create temporary crowns, self-hardening materials based on methyl methacrylate, based on self-hardening plastic.

Materials such as cold polymerization paste, self-polymerizing polymer.

With such a wide selection of materials, the process of prosthetics is greatly simplified. All materials for temporary crowns offered on our website are environmentally friendly and popular in dental practice.

What are temporary crowns?

Deformation of a dental element that cannot be eliminated by filling or extension is an indication for the installation of a prosthetic structure. Before proceeding with prosthetics, the doctor grinds down the affected hard tissues, performs sanitation of the oral cavity, and also creates an individual impression, which will be used as the basis for creating a permanent crown.

On average, the production time for a prosthesis is three weeks. To protect the treated tissue from external influences, the doctor installs a temporary crown.

Indications and contraindications for use

When the tooth structure is destroyed by more than 50%, filling as a treatment method is considered inappropriate, which is explained by the high risk of splitting the filling under the influence of chewing load. In order to preserve the aesthetic appearance and function of the affected unit, the dentist performs a prosthetic procedure, which involves wearing a temporary structure.

The temporary crown performs the following functions:

fixes the weakened unit, preventing the process of loosening;
gives the tooth an anatomical shape and improves its aesthetic appearance;
protects the pulp from exposure to infectious bacteria;
eliminates sensitivity and reduces the susceptibility of hard tissues to thermal and chemical factors;
reduces the likelihood of developing an inflammatory process;
prevents the process of soft tissue proliferation;
promotes the adaptation of the dental element to the prosthesis;
restores chewing function;
prevents violation of diction.

The installation of temporary (provisional) structures is strictly prohibited for patients under the age of majority, as well as for those who have an allergic reaction to the materials used in the manufacturing process of the prosthesis. The use of provisional crowns is considered inappropriate if, during the examination, an abnormal bite is detected in the patient.

What materials are crowns made from?

For the manufacture of temporary structures, two materials are used - plastic and composite. Plastic is a lightweight substance, making it easy to process. Plastic dentures have a low cost, but at the same time they qualitatively restore the anatomical and aesthetic characteristics of natural dental elements.

The main disadvantage of plastic appliances is that during long-term use they begin to change color, worsening the appearance of the dentition. The roughness of the surface of a provisional structure made of plastic promotes the accumulation of dangerous bacteria, which increases the risk of an inflammatory process.

Provisional prostheses made of composite material are created in stages. At each stage, the doctor forms one layer, and then applies light curing to it to harden the composite. Temporary structures of this type have the advantage of a high level of strength.

Manufacturing methods

Depending on where temporary crowns are created, there are two manufacturing methods: direct and indirect.

Direct method

The creation of a provisional prosthesis is carried out by the dentist directly in the oral cavity. At the first stage, the doctor forms a silicone impression of the jaw and begins grinding the dental element on which the temporary appliance will be installed. After the impression has hardened, its cavity is filled with composite or plastic.

The doctor places the finished model on the ground stump and takes an impression.

If there is roughness or unevenness, the dentist grinds the crown with a special tool. In order to increase the strength of the provisional prosthesis, during its installation the doctor uses a cementing substance.

Indirect method

The production of temporary appliances using the indirect method is carried out by a dental technician in a laboratory setting. To ensure that the size of the crown matches the size of the affected chewing unit, the dentist first makes an impression of silicone and sends it to the laboratory.

In the first step, the dental technician creates a plaster model based on a silicone impression. After the plaster model has hardened, the specialist begins to form a wax model, which makes it possible to accurately recreate the anatomical properties of the destroyed tooth.

The duration of production of a provisional apparatus using the indirect method is 3 days, which allows the dental technician to form a strong and reliable structure. The main indication for the installation of a temporary prosthesis, which is created in an indirect way, is the prosthetics of the anterior chewing elements.

Advantages of provisional crowns

Temporary dentures have the following advantages:

High-quality protection of treated hard tissues from the negative influence of pathogenic microflora.
Fast manufacturing process.
No side effects due to removal or replacement of the structure with a metal-ceramic prosthesis.
High level of strength, thanks to which the crown can withstand regular chewing loads.

Another advantage of provisional crowns is their low cost, which makes them accessible.

Flaws

The main disadvantages of provisional structures include:

High risk of an allergic reaction.
Short service life.
Change in the original color of the crown under the influence of food coloring.
Formation of chips and cracks.

The porous surface of plastic is a favorable environment for the growth of bacteria, which contribute to inflammation of soft tissues. The development of the inflammatory process can be prevented through regular oral care.

Life time

Provisional crowns are not intended for permanent use: a temporary structure must be worn until the manufacturing process of the main prosthesis is completed. If the patient neglects the rules of use and continues to wear the device for a long time, this increases the risk of developing dental pathologies.

If the provisional device moves or falls out while being worn, this indicates that the doctor used a low-quality cement substance during the installation of the prosthesis. In this case, the patient needs to contact a dentist, who will re-fix the temporary structure. Fixing a crown on affected hard tissues yourself is strictly prohibited in order to avoid dangerous complications.

Withdrawal procedure

Removal of metal-ceramic products is carried out by sawing, which increases the risk of damage to healthy tissue. Plastic does not have a high level of strength, which makes the process of removing plastic structures safe.

The procedure for removing plastic elements begins with ultrasonic treatment, the main task of which is to break down the cement substance.

After the cement has lost its fixing properties, the dentist removes the prosthesis using a special tool. If, after removing the structure, microparticles of synthetic materials remain on the hard tissues, the doctor performs secondary treatment of the tooth.

Rules of care

clean the temporary structure daily from food debris and plaque;
clean using smooth, gentle movements;
distribute the chewing load evenly;
reduce the consumption of products with adhesive properties - chewing gum and toffee;
perform regular rinsing with antiseptic preparations and natural decoctions that disinfect the oral cavity.

The presence of a provisional crown is a reason to adjust the cleaning process using dental floss. During the cleaning process, pulling the floss from the interdental spaces or making sudden movements is strictly prohibited. In order to remove the floss from the mouth, you need to lower it down, release one end of the thread and carefully pull out the used product.

Materials and production of crowns

Artificial crowns are permanent dentures in the form of caps that restore the anatomical shape of the tooth, chewing and aesthetic functions of severely damaged hard dental tissues. When they are manufactured in a dental laboratory, various materials or combinations thereof are used. They have a long history of use in dentistry: the first mentions date back to the 18th century.

Classification:

By purpose:

Restorative;
Support (used in bridges, replace not only a defect within the coronal part of the tooth, but also a missing tooth or several teeth).

By design features:

Full (cover the prepared stump from all sides), partial (three-quarter, half-crowns) leave the outer surface of the crown open;
Telescopic (double; used in removable prosthetics, the first cone-shaped is fixed on the stump, the second, restoring the tooth, is part of the removable part and is put on the first).

According to the material used:

Metal (noble or base alloys);
Non-metallic (ceramics, zirconium dioxide, plastic, composite);
Combined (metal-ceramics, metal-plastic).

By fixation method:

Cemented (for prosthetics of natural teeth or on implants);
Screw (used only for prosthetics on implants - artificial analogues of natural roots, strengthened inside the bone tissue of the jaws).

By service life:

Permanent;
Temporary - provisional (used at the stages of manufacturing the final ones to protect the stump from irritants, restore contacts with other teeth and for aesthetic purposes, including for shaping the gum contour).

The indications for the use of these structures are the broadest:

Despite the variety of clinical situations in which the use of these constructs is justified, the general rule is prosthetics in the early stages.

Advantages of artificial crowns:

The choice of material and technology depends on the objectives of the individual clinical situation.

Materials for making artificial crowns:

General sequence of clinical and laboratory stages of manufacturing artificial crowns

Several specialists take part in their creation:

Orthopedic dentist (carries out diagnostics, design planning, consultation, preparation of teeth for prosthetics - odontopreparation, taking impressions, quality control of the construction at all stages with correction if necessary, fitting, temporary and permanent fixation, dispensary observation - periodic examinations);
Dental technician (together with the doctor, plans the future design and carries out its direct production on models (plaster analogues of teeth and jaws, obtained from impressions) in the laboratory, makes adjustments, if any);
Dental assistant – performs auxiliary manipulations in the oral cavity and office during treatment.

Diagnostic – basic (questioning, i.e. medical history, examination) and additional (usually one of the types of x-ray examination) examination methods, drawing up and agreeing on a treatment plan, impressions for diagnostic models and temporary crowns, preliminary color determination, bite registration. If necessary, auxiliary measures are carried out - a complex of professional hygiene (removal of dental plaque), treatment or re-treatment of caries (replacement of old restorations), endodontic (pulp removal, re-treatment of the root canal system) or surgical (lengthening of the clinical, i.e. visible crown with insufficient height). In a difficult clinical situation, total prosthetics, a special device is used - facebow, which fixes the position of the upper jaw in the space of the skull and makes it possible to transfer it to a device that reproduces the natural movements of the lower jaw - an articulator. A dental photography protocol is also used - registration of images of the patient’s face in front and in profile, dentition in a closed and open state in the anterior and lateral sections. This manipulation helps the technician in choosing the visual characteristics of the future restoration (building a color scheme for the restoration, determining its size and shape).

Preparatory – odontopreparation – grinding of hard tissues to create the shape of the tooth stump, providing the possibility of applying and subsequent fixation of the structure, as well as ensuring the correct relationship between the edge of the crown and the soft tissues of the gums. For this manipulation on living teeth, be sure to use water-air cooling in order to prevent overheating of the hard tissues of the tooth. Taking working impressions, final color determination. Fitting, correction (relining) and temporary fixation of temporary crowns.

Final – delivery of the work (trying on and, if necessary, correction of the structure, agreement with the patient on the coincidence of the existing and desired results regarding color, shape, size, convenience, temporary (for combined) or permanent (for metal-free structures) fixation; subsequent replacement of the temporary fixation with a permanent one) .

A laboratory technician performs the following manipulations:

These structures can be manufactured by direct (clinical) and indirect (laboratory) methods.

Manufacturing temporary plastic crowns using clinical methods

This method is used when it is necessary to obtain and fix temporary crowns immediately after tooth preparation.

Making a temporary crown from self-hardening plastic.

Making a temporary crown from standard artificial teeth and self-hardening plastic.

Making a temporary crown from self-hardening plastic using a polyethylene cap having the anatomical shape of the tooth crown.

Application of temporary polycarbonate crowns.

Making a temporary crown from self-hardening plastic using an impression taken before preparation.

Making a temporary crown for the CEREC-3 device.

Homework to understand the topic of the lesson.

Control questions:

Clinical and laboratory stages of manufacturing stamped metal crowns?

Clinical and laboratory stages of making a crown according to Belkin?

Clinical and laboratory stages of manufacturing plastic crowns using the direct method?

Clinical and laboratory stages of manufacturing plastic crowns using the indirect method?

Test tasks:

Initial test knowledge control

Option #1

1. WHEN PREPARING A TOOTH FOR A STAMPED METAL CROWN, THE VOLUME OF TISSUE IS GRINDED FROM THE CONTACT SURFACES:

1) on the thickness of the crown material;

2) corresponding to the apex of the interdental gingival papilla;

3) only the equator;

4) contact point.

2. WHEN PREPARING A TOOTH FOR A STAMPED CROWN, A LEGGE IS FORMED:

1) supragingival;

2) at the level of the gum edge;

3) subgingivally on the vestibular surface;

4) is not formed.

3. WHEN MANUFACTURING A STAMPED CROWN, WAX MODELING OF ANATOMICAL SHAPE IS PRODUCED IN THE VOLUME (COMPARED TO A NATURAL TOOTH):

1) smaller by metal thickness;

2) greater by the thickness of the metal;

3) equal;

4) less by the thickness of the compensation varnish.

4. CHECKING OCCLUSAL CONTACTS AT THE STAGE OF FITTING AN ARTIFICIAL CROWN IS CARRIED OUT IN OCCLUSIONS:

1) sagittal;

2) sagittal and central;

3) central and lateral;

4) lateral and sagittal.

5. WHEN PREPARING A TOOTH FOR A CROWN, THE SURFACES TO BE PREPARED:

1) chewing;

2) contact and occlusal;

3) vestibular and oral;

4) contact, occlusal, vestibular and oral.

6. WHEN MANUFACTURING A STAMPED CROWN, WAX MODELING IS DONE ON:

1) metal stamp;

2) plaster model;

3) collapsible model;

4) fireproof model.

7. THE DISADVANTAGE OF USING STAMPED CROWNS IS:

2) aesthetics;

3) low cost;

8. POSITIVE QUALITIES OF USING STAMPED CROWNS SHOULD INCLUDE:

1) small volume of tissue to be prepared;

2) aesthetics;

9. WHEN PREPARING A TOOTH FOR A STAMPED METAL CROWN, A LAYER OF TISSUE IS REMOVED FROM THE CHEWING SURFACE AND CUTTING EDGE Equal to:

1) 0.28 – 0.3 mm;

2) 0.5 – 0.8 mm;

3) 0.8 – 1.5 mm;

4) 1.5 – 2.5 mm.

10. APPLICATION OF A COMBINED CROWN WITH PLASTIC LINING ON A STAMPED BASE SUGGESTED:

1) V.Yu. Milikevich;

2) A.I. Gavrilov;

3) I.M. Oksman;

4) Ya.I. Belkin.

Option No. 2

1. FOR PERMANENT FIXATION OF FIXED PROSTHETICS THE following ARE USED:

2) cements;

3) oil dentin;

4) water dentin.

2. WHEN MANUFACTURING A COMBINED STAMPED CROWN, THE CONNECTION OF PLASTIC WITH METAL IS DUE TO:

1) chemical compound;

2) formation of an oxide film;

3) mutual diffusion of materials;

4) cutting out a section of the vestibular surface of the crown and creating notches along the edge of the window.

3. THE DISADVANTAGE OF USING STAMPED CROWNS IS:

1) small volume of tissue to be prepared;

2) traumatic effect on the marginal gum;

3) low cost;

4) relatively fast production times.

4. POSITIVE QUALITIES OF USING STAMPED CROWNS SHOULD INCLUDE:

1) low cost;

2) aesthetics;

3) traumatic effect on the marginal gum;

4) the impossibility of clearly recreating the anatomical form.

5. WHEN PREPARING A TOOTH FOR A STAMPED METAL CROWN, AN EQUAL LAYER OF TISSUE IS REMOVED FROM THE CONTACT, ORAL AND VESTIBULAR SURFACES:

1) excise the equator;

2) 0.5 – 0.8 mm;

3) 0.8 – 1.5 mm;

4) 1.5 – 2.5 mm.

6. THE BEGINNING OF THE USE OF A COMBINED CROWN ACCORDING TO Y.I. BELKIN IS CONSIDERED TO BE:

1) silicone;

2) polysulfide;

3) agar;

4) thermoplastic.

8. MATERIALS USED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PLASTIC CROWNS:

4) hot-curing acrylic plastics.

9. TO CARRY OUT THE FINAL STAMPING STAGE OF THE METAL STAMPED CROWN, THE METHOD IS USED:

1) “Samson”;

2) “MMSI”;

4) anvil and hammer.

1) stamping method;

2) combined method;

3) direct method;

4) “MMSI” method.

Option #3

1. THE READY STAMPED CROWN MUST MEET THE REQUIREMENTS:

1) have a thickness of 0.5-0.8 mm;

2) fit tightly to the ledge;

3) match the color of a natural tooth;

4) restore contact with adjacent teeth.

2. THE DISADVANTAGE OF USING STAMPED CROWNS IS:

1) small volume of tissue to be prepared;

2) the impossibility of clearly recreating the anatomical form;

3) low cost;

4) relatively fast production times.

3. POSITIVE QUALITIES OF USING STAMPED CROWNS SHOULD INCLUDE:

1) relatively fast production times;

2) aesthetics;

3) traumatic effect on the marginal gum;

4) the impossibility of clearly recreating the anatomical form.

4. TO OBTAIN AN IMPRESSION WHEN MANUFACTURING A STAMPED METAL CROWN, THE MASS IS USED:

1) A - silicone;

2) C - silicone;

3) alginate;

4) polysulfide.

5. WHEN PREPARING A TOOTH FOR A COMBINED CROWN ACCORDING TO Y.I. A LAYER OF TISSUE IS REMOVED FROM THE CONTACT, ORAL AND VESTIBULAR SURFACES EQUAL TO:

1) excise the equator;

2) 0.5 – 0.8 mm;

3) 0.8 – 1.5 mm;

4) 1.5 – 2.5 mm.

6. A FEATURE OF TOOTH PREPARATION FOR A PLASTIC CROWN IS:

1) giving the stump the shape of a cylinder;

2) creating a ledge in the cervical region;

3) excision of the equator;

4) small volume of tissue removed.

7. AFTER PREPARING THE TOOTH UNDER THE PLASTIC CROWN, AN IMPRESSION IS TAKEN USING THE MASS:

1) alginate;

2) polysulfide;

3) agar;

4) thermoplastic.

8. TO CARRY OUT THE FINAL STAMPING STAGE OF THE METAL STAMPED CROWN, THE METHOD IS USED:

1) “Samson”;

2) "Parker";

3) tapping on a lead pad;

4) anvil and hammer.

9. MATERIALS USED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PLASTIC CROWNS:

1) plastics based on polyvinyl chloride;

2) plastics based on vinyl chloride;

3) plastics based on butyl acrylate;

4) acrylic self-hardening plastics.

10. METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING PLASTIC CROWNS SHOULD INCLUDE:

1) stamping method;

2) combined method;

3) indirect method;

Classification:

By purpose:

Restorative;
Support (used in bridges, replace not only a defect within the coronal part of the tooth, but also a missing tooth or several teeth).

By design features:

Full (cover the prepared stump from all sides), partial (three-quarter, half-crowns) leave the outer surface of the crown open;
Telescopic (double; used in removable prosthetics, the first cone-shaped is fixed on the stump, the second, restoring the tooth, is part of the removable part and is put on the first).

According to the material used:

Metal (noble or base alloys);
Non-metallic (ceramics, zirconium dioxide, plastic, composite);
Combined (metal-ceramics, metal-plastic).

By fixation method:

Cemented (for prosthetics of natural teeth or on implants);
Screw (used only for prosthetics on implants - artificial analogues of natural roots, strengthened inside the bone tissue of the jaws).

By service life:

Permanent;
Temporary - provisional (used at the stages of manufacturing the final ones to protect the stump from irritants, restore contacts with other teeth and for aesthetic purposes, including for shaping the gum contour).

The indications for the use of these structures are the broadest:

Defects of the natural crown are more than half its size;

Increased (inappropriate for age) abrasion of teeth; correction of jaw relationship (bite);
Deep wedge-shaped defects are areas of triangular-shaped loss of hard tissue in the neck of the tooth (near the gums), weakening it and increasing the risk of complete breakage during chewing;
Congenital anomaly of tooth shape (for example, underdevelopment or complete absence of enamel) or acquired (for example, after injury);
Some congenital or acquired pronounced color changes that cannot be eliminated by bleaching (discolorities) are the consequences of injuries, medications used or materials for filling root canals;
Tilting and/or protrusion of a tooth or a group of them when the patient refuses orthodontic treatment (orthopedic “movement”);
Combining - splinting - teeth when they are mobile (the crowns are not made separately, but as a single block and are fixed at the same time);
The need to improve the shape and protection of the tooth during removable prosthetics(creating pronounced convex contours that will hold the fixing elements and along with them the prosthesis itself);
The presence of aesthetically unsatisfactory crowns (all-metal, combined with chips of the facing material or a gray-blue border, visible at the gingival margin when it decreases or thins).

Despite the variety of clinical situations in which the use of these constructs is justified, the general rule is prosthetics in the early stages.

Increasing the physical and mechanical characteristics of the crown of a natural tooth due to the circular coverage of the dental stump with a solid structure;
The ability to reproduce or correct the appearance of the crown in the desired direction;
The ability to perform the function of a supporting element of a fixed or removable prosthesis.

The choice of material and technology depends on the objectives of the individual clinical situation.

Stainless steel (stamped);
Alloys of gold and silver (all-metal cast);
Cobalt-chrome, cobalt-nickel and palladium alloys (cast metal base combined or as an independent material);
Plastics of cold (when mixing the components they harden in the oral cavity) or hot (when mixing the components they harden under heating and high pressure) polymerization (for clinical, i.e. directly in the office or laboratory production of temporary structures, respectively);
Technical composites (temporary, laboratory-produced);
Ceramic masses (for lining frames or making porcelain crowns);
Zirconium dioxide (aluminum compound) is a modern standard of aesthetic prosthetics.

General sequence of clinical and laboratory stages of manufacturing artificial crowns

Several specialists take part in their creation:

Orthopedic dentist (carries out diagnostics, design planning, consultation, preparation of teeth for prosthetics - odontopreparation, taking impressions, quality control of the construction at all stages with correction if necessary, fitting, temporary and permanent fixation, dispensary observation - periodic examinations);
Dental technician (together with the doctor, plans the future design and carries out its direct production on models (plaster analogues of teeth and jaws, obtained from impressions) in the laboratory, makes adjustments, if any);
Dental assistant – performs auxiliary manipulations in the oral cavity and office during treatment.

Stage 1:

Diagnostic – basic (questioning, i.e. medical history, examination) and additional (usually one of the types of x-ray examination) examination methods, drawing up and agreeing on a treatment plan, impressions for diagnostic models and temporary crowns, preliminary color determination, bite registration.
If necessary, auxiliary measures are carried out - a complex of professional hygiene (removal of dental plaque), treatment or re-treatment of caries (replacement of old restorations), endodontic (pulp removal, re-treatment of the root canal system) or surgical (lengthening of the clinical, i.e. visible crown with insufficient height ). In a difficult clinical situation, total prosthetics, a special device is used - facebow, which fixes the position of the upper jaw in the space of the skull and makes it possible to transfer it to a device that reproduces the natural movements of the lower jaw - an articulator. A dental photography protocol is also used - registration of images of the patient’s face in front and in profile, dentition in a closed and open state in the anterior and lateral sections. This manipulation helps the technician in choosing the visual characteristics of the future restoration (building a color scheme for the restoration, determining its size and shape).

Stage 2

Preparatory – odontopreparation – grinding of hard tissues to create the shape of the tooth stump, providing the possibility of applying and subsequent fixation of the structure, as well as ensuring the correct relationship between the edge of the crown and the soft tissues of the gums. For this manipulation on living teeth, be sure to use water-air cooling in order to prevent overheating of the hard tissues of the tooth. Taking working impressions, final color determination. Fitting, correction (relining) and temporary fixation of temporary crowns.

Stage 3

Final – delivery of the work (trying on and, if necessary, correction of the structure, agreement with the patient on the coincidence of the existing and desired results regarding color, shape, size, convenience, temporary (for combined) or permanent (for metal-free structures) fixation; subsequent replacement of the temporary fixation with a permanent one) .

A laboratory technician performs the following manipulations:

Making temporary crowns(if they are not made directly by a doctor in the office using a silicone key, a special material is applied to the area of interest and retains its shape when hardened); as a rule, the help of a technician is required in case of severe initial destruction - in this case, he casts a model using an impression, models the damaged areas on it with wax, and from this structure, using a key, makes temporary restorations;
Making working models from supergypsum based on final impressions;
Making a wax reproduction of the final restoration followed by a step-by-step replacement of materials (for example, casting a base for a combined structure, followed by application and firing of ceramic mass).

Comparative characteristics of artificial crowns

Variety	Positive traits	Negative qualities
Metal (stamped and cast);	Stamped – gentle preparation (only the most protruding part of the crown around the circumference is ground);	Cast – hardness and bioinertness of noble alloys (does not interact with the body).
Combined (metal-ceramics)	Strength; Accuracy; Wear resistance, color stability (compared to metal-plastic); Satisfactory aesthetics (no visible metal); Bioinertness.	Ceramics abrades its own tissues when chewed due to its greater hardness (national guide to prosthetic dentistry, p. 156); Insufficient translucency due to the metal base; The need for a sufficiently large preparation to create space for restoration.
Plastic and composite (currently used only as temporary)	Aesthetics; Ease of manufacture; Sufficient hardness (composite); No metal parts in the design.	Low strength and color stability; Possible allergy to plastic components.
Metal-free (ceramic and zirconium dioxide-based)	The highest aesthetics due to the absence of metal and material properties comparable to those of natural tooth tissue (variable degrees of transparency), the ability to create any color options and individual structure features; Absolute color stability; High strength of zirconium dioxide (comparable to metal ceramics). Bioinertness;	The relative fragility of pressed ceramics (IPS Emax technology, used only in the anterior part of the dental arches)

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Why are temporary dental restorations needed?

Temporary crowns can be used for both natural teeth and implants. Making temporary crowns for implants takes no more than 3-4 days; they are made from special materials, including durable plastic.

Methods for making temporary dental structures

The following methods for making temporary crowns are used in dental practice:

Manufacturing of crowns and bridges from plastic in laboratory conditions.
A method of direct formation in the patient’s oral cavity from a block of self-hardening plastic.
A method for repositioning standard plastic products in the oral cavity.
A method of directly forming a temporary structure using a celluloid coping.
A method of forming a temporary structure in a previously prepared impression.

Each of the mentioned methods has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Plastic for the manufacture of temporary dental structures

You can purchase high-quality materials for the manufacture of temporary crowns and bridges at the best price in the Dentlman online store.

www.dentlman.ru

There comes a time when we have to turn to doctors for help to replace previously removed teeth and place crowns. Crowns are distinguished by manufacturing methods and the materials used for this.

The use of temporary crowns helps solve several problems at once:

Acrytemp material for the manufacture of temporary crowns has good characteristics:

1. Automatic mixing system in the cartridge.
2. It has a complex methacrylic multifunctional base, without monomers.
3. Translucent.
4. Has four stable brilliant colors.

On our website you can also select and use other materials to create temporary crowns for prosthetics.

This composites, used for the manufacture of temporary crowns.

Self-curing encores– acrylic composites, in cartridges, several types and colors.

Also, to create temporary crowns, self-hardening materials based on methyl methacrylate, based on self-hardening plastic.

Materials such as cold polymerization paste, self-polymerizing polymer.

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What it is?

Temporary crowns are orthopedic structures that are installed during the production of permanent dentures. These products are quite functional. They allow a person to comfortably go through the period of prosthetics. The patient is able to chew food and feel confident due to the fact that the aesthetics of the smile remains at its best. There are also several other advantages that experts talk about. We will talk about this in more detail in a separate subsection of the article.

Material for temporary crowns

Today, there are two options for manufacturing temporary prostheses. They can be performed in a laboratory setting, just like regular crowns. And the doctor makes them in his office, right in the patient’s mouth. For this purpose, special composite and plastic materials are used. All of them are safe and hypoallergenic.

Laboratory version of the prosthesis

Making temporary crowns in the laboratory takes one day. Before grinding the tooth, the specialist makes a plaster cast. It is then sent to the laboratory. There the dental technician makes the crown. The product is polished, adjusted to the patient’s bite and installed on special cement. The fixation means allows the doctor to easily remove the prosthesis when necessary. As we can see, temporary crowns for teeth are made quite quickly, but at the same time they make it possible to carry out high-quality prosthetics.

Composite dentures

This option is even faster than the method we discussed earlier. It takes about 20 minutes. As in the first case, the doctor makes a cast from plaster. Then the dental unit is ground down. After the procedure is completed, the doctor pours a special composite material into the previously prepared impression. All this is put on the ground tooth. When the mixture hardens, the doctor removes the mold. Then, in a few minutes, he grinds and adjusts the temporary crown. This product is also installed on temporary cement.

Positive aspects of temporary prosthetics

Installing temporary crowns, in addition to the aesthetic factor, has several other advantages. These aspects allow the specialist to carry out higher-quality prosthetics, maximizing the restoration of the patient’s lost functions.

1. The structures make it possible to prevent the pain syndrome of ground teeth. If the nerve is not removed, the patient may react acutely to changes in temperature, sweet or salty foods, since the protective layer of enamel has been removed.

2. Temporary crowns act as a barrier to the penetration of microbes into the tissues of the ground tooth. If they are not installed, the nerve can become infected. Unfortunately, inflammation will make itself felt after the installation of a permanent prosthesis.

3. The structures prevent the displacement of ground teeth. It turns out that this process also takes place. It plays a negative role, as it further violates the integrity of the structure.

4. Temporary crowns are also installed to prevent gum damage. At the same time, they help to correctly form its edge. This factor is an important point in prosthetics.

And what can we say about the opportunity to smile without being embarrassed? In general, for many patients the medical side of the issue is most often not entirely clear, but the aesthetic side is the main priority in the decision to use the structures in question during prosthetics.

Precautionary measures

Now it’s time to talk about the fact that temporary crowns (see photo below) require careful handling. Since the fixing agent is temporary, it does not have strong adhesion. Therefore, the doctor always consults the patient after installing the prosthesis.

The point is that you should not gnaw or chew too hard food. It is necessary to try to redistribute the load to the other side of the jaw. These precautions will help you avoid any unpleasant surprises.

Carrying out hygiene procedures while wearing temporary structures is not only possible, but also necessary. Brushing your teeth with a brush and toothpaste will not harm them. The only point: you must try to do everything carefully. Do not use electronic toothbrushes during this period.

Dentists also say that flossing should be done in a special way. It can be used in interdental spaces. However, it must be removed by pulling the edges horizontally.

Reviews from experts

Prosthetists claim that the designs in question allow them to do their work better. An important factor in this matter is that the patient also notes the comfort of the procedure. Such a seemingly insignificant detail as a temporary crown brought only advantages to prosthetics.

Experts sometimes describe situations in which a patient’s temporary structure has fallen off. They recommend contacting your doctor immediately for re-cementing. Even if visiting the dentist urgently is not possible, it is necessary to obtain consultations by telephone. Typically, your doctor may recommend putting the crown back in. It is still necessary to wear it so that the ground teeth do not move. And this can happen quite quickly. The product will also protect the nerve from irritants and the patient from pain.

The crown should only be removed when sleeping and eating. Without a fixative, it can be swallowed, so don't risk it. If the structure does not fit well on the tooth, then experts recommend lubricating it with toothpaste or Vaseline.

Prevention

In conclusion, it remains to add that it is necessary to pay great attention to the prevention of oral diseases. Visit the dental office once every six months. Do not delay visiting a doctor if you notice even minor damage to the integrity of the enamel. Seeking help in a timely manner will allow you to keep your teeth in their original form for as long as possible. Then you will not need the services of a prosthetist.

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Experience in using GC materials for the manufacture of temporary crowns

I.N. Ponomarenko, M.I. Kronda, Department of Orthopedic DentistryKuban Statemedical university

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As already noted, to prevent a possible reaction of the pulp to tooth preparation, temporary crowns should be widely used. However, their advantages lie not only in this. Orthopedic doctors are well aware of how much trouble it causes to apply a prosthesis on teeth that have been excluded from contact with antagonists for a long time due to the preparation of their occlusal surfaces. The application of temporary crowns prevents the displacement of the prepared teeth during the manufacture of the prosthesis. Finally, temporary crowns provide invaluable assistance to patients with unstable mental health who are painfully suffering from disturbances in the shape, size and color of their front teeth.

Three methods of making temporary crowns are most widely used.

In the first method, before preparing the teeth, an impression is taken with an alginate mass and a working plaster model is cast from it. Using an eye scalpel or a sharp spatula, prepare the model’s supporting teeth for plastic crowns. To facilitate subsequent fitting of crowns, the layer of plaster to be removed should be slightly smaller than the layer of hard tissue that will be removed from the natural tooth.

The supporting teeth on the plaster model are smeared with petroleum jelly, and prepared self-hardening plastic, selected in advance according to the natural color, is placed in the impressions of the teeth on the impression. new teeth. The impression is placed on the model and held there until the polymerization of the plastic is complete. After this, the model is separated from the print. Plastic crowns are freed from plaster, processed, polished and tested in the patient’s mouth.

In the second method, two plaster models are cast from the impression obtained with the alginate mass. On one model, an individual spoon is made using a thermal vacuum apparatus and a polystyrene plate 0.4 mm thick. It should cover all supporting teeth, and when using a bridge prosthesis, cover at least two teeth on each side of the defect. In the second hypos model, the supporting teeth are prepared for plastic crowns. The prepared fragment of an individual polystyrene tray is smeared with a thin layer of Vaseline, filled with self-hardening plastic and placed on the prepared supporting teeth of the plaster model. After polymerization of the plastic, the finished crowns are freed from the individual tray and plaster, processed, polished and transferred to the clinic.

When making a temporary bridge prosthesis made of plastic, standard plastic teeth are strengthened with sticky wax on the first model in the area of the defect, taking into account the occlusal relationships. The artificial teeth are first molded into a custom polystyrene tray during its manufacture, and then connected to the supporting crowns of the bridge using self-hardening plastic.

Having tested the described methods in the clinic, V.I. Bulanov and co-authors (1991) discovered one significant advantage: when making temporary dentures, there is no contact of the prepared teeth and marginal periodontium with the plastic monomer. However, the inherent porosity of self-hardening plastic reduces the quality of temporary dentures. A way out may be the polymerization of self-hardening plastic in a special baropolymerization chamber under a pressure of 6 atm. This significantly improves the quality of provisional crowns. Finally, high aesthetics of temporary plastic prostheses can be ensured by the use of hot polymerization plastics. To do this, on a working plaster model obtained from an alginate impression before preparing the teeth, a layer of plaster equal to the thickness of the plastic crowns is removed from the supporting teeth. Using modeling wax, the anatomical shape is restored and, if necessary, the intermediate part of the bridge is modeled, and then the wax is replaced with hot polymerization plastic in the traditional laboratory way. The finished temporary dentures are separated from the plaster, processed, polished and transferred to the clinic for testing in the patient’s oral cavity.

Methods for making temporary crowns

Making a temporary crown

There are two main methods for making temporary crowns, which differ depending on the materials used and the design idea.

Direct method

Take part in the treatment!

FDC has 5 superior rooms. For convenience, radiovisiographs are installed in each office, making it possible to conduct X-ray diagnostics and control treatment without leaving the office.

Special monitors are installed in front of the patient’s chair to allow participation in the course of treatment.

Indirect method

Dental laboratory

The FDC clinic has its own dental laboratory, equipped with the latest technology, so even the most labor-intensive orthopedic work is performed in the shortest possible time.

Laboratory in France

If necessary, exclusive work can also be performed in the most prestigious dental laboratory in France, Bourbon Atelierd’ Art Dentaire (Nice)

Temporary crowns: photo, production, installation

When a tooth is severely damaged and cannot be restored, the patient is offered to use dental prosthetics. This method restores the functions of the entire dentition if tooth decay has occurred by more than 70 percent and serves aesthetic purposes. There are temporary crowns and permanent ones. Installation is a rather complex and lengthy process, since first impressions are made, and only then prostheses for permanent wear. During the creation of a permanent prosthesis, temporary crowns are placed to avoid loosening of the teeth and disruption of the dentition.

Indications for the installation of crowns are prescribed by doctors if:

the teeth are in the stage after endodontic treatment, that is, in a state without nerve;
destruction of dental tissue occurs due to injury, pathological abrasion, or, as often happens, caries;
when restoring a lost tooth with a bridge structure;
the patient wishes to undergo treatment for aesthetic purposes.

Material for temporary crowns

It is not possible to use plastic crowns as permanent ones due to their low strength. Some patients, in order to save money, resort to this option of crowns, but most often they are used as temporary ones during the production of strong and reliable permanent dentures. The undeniable advantage of plastic temporary crowns for teeth is the speed of production and ease of installation, as well as a good selection of coating color options.

Plastic crowns are used due to their properties (easily susceptible to impact, but at the same time retaining their shape under some loads) and even dentists can recommend this option for prostheses for the front teeth on a permanent basis. The front teeth do not take part in the chewing function, which means the load on them is minimal. However, the aesthetic side of the issue plays a big role here, because these are the teeth that are most visible when talking and smiling. Thus, in the case of posterior teeth, strength plays a decisive role, and in the case of anterior teeth, aesthetics play a decisive role. Plastic is easy to color adjust, although it is not very durable.

Plastic temporary crowns have other advantages:

Low cost, which makes them accessible to people with low incomes.
High speed of production of prostheses.
The plastic crown performs a good protective function, protecting the ground teeth from bacteria and cold.
Plastic crowns can be easily replaced with ceramic or metal-ceramic ones, if such a need arises.

However, in addition to the advantages, there are also disadvantages:

Plastic may change color over time. In this case, food colors (both artificial and natural) play a detrimental role. The dentist can remove plaque, but in some cases traces remain.
It is unlikely that it will be possible to avoid the appearance of cracks when the crowns are loaded.

Allergic reaction to plastic.
Plastic is capable of accumulating bacteria because it has a porous texture, so wearing such crowns requires increased attention to oral hygiene.
The warranty for the use of plastic crowns is less than that of more durable analogues.
If the crown is damaged as a result of trauma, the patient risks severe damage to the gum or cheek.

Who is indicated and contraindicated for installing temporary crowns?

The decision to install crowns should be discussed with your treating dentist. Indications for wearing prostheses may include:

A situation where a small part of the tooth remains. In this case, the purpose of the crown is to bring the teeth into an aesthetically normal state, correct the shape or shade and avoid displacement of the dentition.

When making permanent crowns, it is always preferred to place plastic temporary crowns on the front teeth.
When the patient has not yet decided exactly what manipulations should be performed or, due to circumstances, has decided to postpone treatment, a temporary crown is placed to avoid displacement of the dentition and gum fusion.
A temporary crown is installed on the implant as a protective shell until the permanent prosthesis is made (before installation of which the temporary crown is removed).
To restore diction in case of periodontal disease, a temporary prosthesis is installed for splinting.

Contraindications

There are quite a few situations when the installation of temporary crowns is indicated for a patient, however, there are also times when the installation of temporary dentures is unacceptable:

If the patient suffers from bruxism (teeth grinding).
Allergy to the material from which the crown is made.

Bite deformation.
When the patient exhibits nervous and mental disorders.
Childhood.

Production of temporary crowns and installation

As a rule, with special equipment, temporary crowns are made directly in the dental office. This option is possible if the prosthesis is to be worn for no more than one month. After making a plastic impression, a polymer substance is poured into it, which is put on the tooth. After the composition has completely dried, the mass is removed. The crown is fixed with special dental cement or other fastening substances. If necessary, the crown is additionally polished and ground.

If you look at the photograph, it is difficult to distinguish a temporary plastic crown from a permanent one, especially if the temporary one was installed not so long ago. If you plan to make plastic crowns for permanent wear, then the process of making them will be more complex, since you will need to carefully adjust the size and shape to the jaws. Otherwise, the crowns will lose their original appearance.

In such a situation, the crown is made by following a certain sequence of actions:

As with metal-ceramics and ceramics, in plastic prostheses a special silicone composition is used in the production of the impression. In this case, an impression is made not of the tooth individually, but of all the jaws.
Next, a model of the jaws is made from plaster.

The laboratory creates the structure itself.
Fitting and installation with cement fixation.

Many people wonder how long it is acceptable to wear temporary crowns. Prosthetic dentists do not recommend walking with such a prosthesis for more than three years. Since after this period problems may arise, such as the appearance of cracks. However, if the entire structure is based on metal, then such a crown can last up to five years.

Before installing a prosthesis, the dentist carries out hygienic procedures, such as removing plaque, treating caries, replacing old fillings, etc. These actions are mandatory, since an important condition for installing a prosthesis is the absence of problems and diseases in the oral cavity. If these conditions are not met, the crowns will last even shorter.

What should be the fixation of the temporary crown?

Before installing dentures, teeth must be ground down to create space for a crown. The decision to remove the dental nerve (depulpation) is made by the dentist together with the patient. Single-rooted teeth undergo this procedure without fail; chewing teeth can do without depulpation. This is done because during prosthetics there is a risk of touching a nerve and burning it. Depulpation is performed under local anesthesia, as the procedure is quite painful.

Removing crowns

The attractive appearance of temporary plastic crowns should not fool you. They have their own service life, after which they must be removed and replaced to avoid darkening and staining. The metal-ceramic structure is usually removed by sawing, but plastic does not have such a safety margin, so this method is not used. At the initial stage, the dentist loosens the substances that fix the crown. For this purpose, a special device is used that acts on the crown with ultrasound. Sometimes a drill or a Copa apparatus is also used. He gradually tightens the crown, and does it painlessly. Then the tooth is cleaned of any remaining fixing substances (cement). Typically, this procedure is performed without anesthesia.

Permanent ones last longer

Temporary plastic crowns can be worn longer, but permanent ones can also be installed, with a service life of up to 15 years. In any case, this decision is made by the patient depending on financial capabilities and the opinion of the dentist. In general, expert reviews regarding temporary crowns are positive, especially noting the speed of production and ease of installation of such structures. In any case, it is not worth going to the point of prosthetics; it is most optimal and relatively cheap to treat teeth until they are completely destroyed.

How to properly care for dental crowns?

To prevent new crowns installed on teeth from being in vain, it is important to follow a number of simple rules that will prevent damage to the dentures:

avoiding clenching teeth tightly;
It is advisable to use a toothbrush exclusively with soft bristles;
You should not bite hard objects or dig your teeth into them;
It is necessary to very carefully and diligently clean the interdental spaces using brushes, irrigators and floss.

Temporary dental crowns

Installing a crown is a multi-step process that can take anywhere from several weeks to several months. What to do with the tooth during this period? While the prosthesis is being made, it can be replaced by a temporary tooth. This stage of prosthetics cannot be ignored, because its functional value is very important.

The use of a temporary crown in dentistry

Installed for a short period before prosthetics. There is an opinion among patients that they are needed solely to hide the treatment from others and maintain aesthetics.

In fact, temporary crowns protect teeth while performing other more important functions:

Do not allow the gum to overgrow at the site where the prosthesis is installed.
Protects against displacement of neighboring teeth.
If prosthetics are carried out without removing nerves, pain will be prevented, especially when in contact with the teeth of the upper jaw and chewing.
Protect grinded teeth from temperature changes and caries damage.

What are temporary crowns made of?

The material most often used is plastic. However, recently designs made from acrylic and its mixtures with other components are also gaining popularity.

Despite the fact that they are in many ways inferior to permanent ones, they have many advantages over plastic ones. They are stronger, harden faster, have low toxicity, and their production takes a minimum of time.

Temporary crowns for implants

The implant must heal before a permanent crown can be placed. The average healing time for an implant on the upper jaw is about six months, on the lower jaw – 4-5 months, because the lower jaw is better supplied with blood, and it is larger and stronger, since it bears more chewing load. While the implant takes root, the patient wears a temporary crown, which imitates a regular tooth, protecting the gums from inflammation.

Manufacturing method

At the present stage of development of dentistry, there are at least five methods for making temporary crowns. The most popular of them are direct and indirect, taking no more than an hour.

The direct manufacturing method is suitable for patients who, for some reason, urgently need to hide a ground tooth. The crown is made immediately after examining the patient, in his presence, which allows for its immediate installation.

With the indirect method, the production of this orthopedic structure in a dental laboratory takes no more than two days. And although the patient will have to walk with a ground tooth all this time, temporary crowns made using this method will more closely match the anatomy of your jaw, and their strength will be higher than that of a crown made directly by the dentist.

If the absence of lateral teeth can still go unnoticed, then the absence of at least one front tooth, especially in the upper jaw, immediately catches the eye when communicating.

Making a permanent crown takes about 10 days, so during this period the ground tooth is replaced with a temporary crown made of plastic or acrylic. These materials are not suitable for long-term wear as their quality is much lower than that of permanent crowns. However, they do their job perfectly well for a period of 2-4 weeks.

Provisional crowns, as they are also called, are needed not only to hide the defect (and the ground tooth does not look the best), but also to protect against the influence of the external environment (temperature, food plaque, acids).

Do not wear a temporary crown for longer than the period specified by your doctor, as it will quickly lose its original properties. Plastic is stained by drinks and food with coloring pigments, and pathogenic microorganisms can penetrate its porous structure and cause inflammation.

Anesthesia. Before preparing the tooth for a prosthesis, the doctor numbs the tooth and periodontal tissues.
Preparation (grinding of the tooth) to achieve the desired thickness.
Making a temporary prosthesis by an orthopedist or dental technician.
Installation. The crown is installed immediately after its manufacture or after a couple of days. For fixation, special cement is used, which gradually dissolves under the influence of the patient’s saliva.

Care of temporary crowns

Since temporary crowns are installed only for the period of production of a permanent prosthesis, it is necessary to follow some rules for caring for them. This will help avoid its premature loss.

Distribute the load on the teeth so that it is minimal on the side of the temporary crown.
Avoid eating sticky or hard foods. Sticky food can pull out the denture, and hard food can dislodge or damage it.
Brush your teeth gently - without excessive pressure or sudden movements.
If you floss, be sure to properly remove it after brushing. To prevent the denture from falling out, pull the thread down, holding both ends with your fingers.
Do not wear the crown longer than expected.

Complications after installation

If you followed all the precautions, but nevertheless experienced pain after prosthetics, the problem is due to improper preparation for the procedure. Incomplete cleaning of the canals, infection, root fracture, entry of a foreign object (for example, an instrument) into the root canal - all this leads to inflammation of the gums and tooth canals. What to do if the tooth under the crown hurts?

In such a situation, you need to urgently contact a specialist to eliminate the cause of the inflammatory process. If the pain is not eliminated soon after its onset, it can lead to more serious consequences: a cyst, purulent periostitis or fistula.

Installation cost

A plastic crown made by an orthopedist costs on average 500-700 rubles. Exactly the same orthopedic structures, but made in a laboratory, will cost much more, but this is fully justified by the quality and service life.

Temporary crowns - for front teeth, modern materials and prices

Article checked by doctor

Hello, dear readers. Today we will talk about such an interesting topic as temporary crowns. From our article you will learn about what they are needed for, how and from what materials they are made, how much they cost, etc. We hope that the information we collected will allow you to quickly understand the issue.

Purpose

The first and quite logical question is why are temporary crowns needed? When the destruction of the tooth crown is 50-60% or more, the only option to restore its functionality is prosthetics. A damaged tooth can be restored using a metal, metal-ceramic or porcelain crown. The base has already been machined and is ready for installation of the finished structure. But its production is not a matter of one day. Therefore, when using prosthetics with crowns and bridges, there is always a stage of wearing temporary ones.

What does a temporary crown look like?

What functions do they perform? The first thing that comes to mind is questions of aesthetics. Of course, no one wants to walk around with a broken tooth. It looks unattractive and creates a lot of psychological problems. Therefore, it is much easier to install a crown made of cheap material that imitates enamel. It is not as good as ceramic and is not designed for long-term wear. But there are other reasons to use it.

If the tooth has not been pulped, the person experiences discomfort and even pain. It is also affected by the flora in the mouth. Therefore, a temporary crown is also an additional protection against discomfort and carious destruction of the base.
If a person does not have the money to get prosthetics done quickly, such a crown will prevent the gum from growing onto the tooth.
A treated tooth that has changed in size can move significantly in any direction. To make it as stable as possible, a temporary crown is used.
The process of addiction accelerates. The patient eats, talks, learns to live with an artificial tooth. Since the permanent crown will be the same size, subsequent adaptation will be much easier.
Normal chewing function is restored with natural load on the entire jaw.
If diction was impaired without a tooth, a temporary crown will help eliminate the defects.

Temporary crown on a tooth

In general, if you want to look beautiful without being afraid to smile, but the prospect of hissing and whistling is not attractive, you should put it on.

If you order a crown for your front teeth and you have to wait a long time, there are simply no other options. Either don't talk to people and don't smile, or spend a small amount to cover up a temporary flaw. This opportunity should not be neglected. In addition, you have a high chance that while specialists are making a permanent crown, the tooth stump may be damaged. Since it no longer has a protective layer of enamel, it is helpless against staphylococci and streptococci, which cause dental diseases. And other, even supposedly harmless flora in the mouth is now becoming a real threat.

Temporary plastic crowns

Temporary crowns for dental implantation

In dentistry and, in particular, in orthopedics, the devil is not as scary as he is painted. Any issues can be resolved with little expense and with minimal expenditure of time and money. But in some cases, patients choose not classical prosthetic methods, but more progressive ones. Such as, for example, implantation. In this case, a metal pin is screwed into the root/bone of the jaw, onto which a crown is mounted through an adapter - an abutment. But even in this case it takes time. At least for osseointegration (fusion with bone).

Immediate placement of a temporary crown on the Alpha Bio implant

And while you are getting used to the metal object in your jaw, there is a gaping hole in your mouth from which a piece of metal is visible. It doesn't look nice. Therefore, temporary crowns are also installed on the implants.

Disadvantages of temporary structures

Despite all the advantages, there are also a number of significant disadvantages. Firstly, the material changes color over time. This is due to exposure to tea, coffee, various coloring foods and drinks. If you are a heavy smoker, this will also affect the condition of your crowns. Secondly, plastics and composites used in modern dentistry have a porous structure. This means that a huge number of bacteria accumulate in them. It is simply impossible to completely clean such a product. This is why it is so important to install a permanent crown before the bacteria that cause caries reach the ground and unprotected teeth.

Materials used for the production of temporary crowns

For these reasons, plastic crowns are not used as permanent crowns. Although previously plastic/metal-plastic was used everywhere.

Plastic often breaks off from metal-plastic structures, exposing the metal.

What are they?

Let's start with the fact that before preparing a tooth, an exact impression is usually made by grinding it. The future crown will be made on its basis. The impression is filled with special plastic. This copy is used to create a crown that will remain in the patient's mouth until it is replaced with a permanent one. The product is precisely adjusted, ground, and polished until it follows the shape of a real tooth.

Temporary crowns are fitted to the model

To ensure that such a temporary structure does not fall off during eating and talking, it is fixed with a special cementing material. However, dismantling such a product is simple. Stump of a prepared tooth after removal of the temporary crown and cement.

The second option is production in a dental laboratory. Under these conditions, greater accuracy can be achieved. The plaster model becomes the basis for pouring, as in the first case. But now the specialist has more time and opportunities. This crown is adjusted to the bite. Otherwise, the patient may experience problems, including pain in the temporomandibular joint.

Temporary crowns on teeth

These are the types of temporary crowns. They are also called “provisional”. So if you hear this term, don't be surprised. Both concepts mean the same thing.

What are temporary teeth made of?

For a long time, there was only one option used in dentistry. All temporary structures were made exclusively of plastic. Moreover, it was not always of high quality and durable, or met all hygienic requirements. Over time, it became possible to use composite materials based on acrylic, its analogues and derivatives. How are the raw materials different?

Durability and service life. Some crowns can collapse in a couple of weeks, others will last a year or two.
Ease of formation. After all, a specialist needs to form not just “something similar to a tooth,” but an exact copy from a cast.
Possibility of further correction of the finished product;
Toxicity. Some plastics and polymers are harmful to health or become so in the moist environment of the oral cavity.
Production time. Some can be done with a quick pour right in front of the patient. The process will take no more than five minutes. All that remains is to sand the surface.
The speed and method of curing the mass (ultraviolet, air, self-curing, etc.).

Fixation of a temporary crown

Keep in mind that temporary crowns are not designed to last for long periods of time. The dental cement on which they are held does not last forever either.

Caring for a temporary crown

The first thing you should remember is that temporary crowns cannot completely restore the functionality of your teeth. That's why it's temporary. This means that the load on this tooth should be minimal. There should be no hard or sticky food, chewing gum or toffees in the diet. Otherwise, there is a high risk of losing a small piece of plastic, or even swallowing it.

Care of temporary crowns

What to do if the crown falls out? This happens infrequently, but no one is immune from such force majeure. If you have a problem and the crown does not stay in place with the temporary cement, there is no need to throw it away. Put it back on and go to the doctor to have it disinfected and reattached. If it does not hold at all, then you can temporarily strengthen the hold before visiting the dentist with Vaseline or toothpaste. It won't take long, but you'll definitely have time to get to the clinic. If the temporary crown falls out during the night, simply place it in warm water until the morning.

You should brush your teeth very carefully. When flossing, do not pull it down to remove it. It is much easier to pull the thread from either end.

Are there alternatives to temporary crowns?

Some doctors have a principle of “filling until the last minute.” Of course, patients who save on their health happily agree to put a filling on a tooth of which a little more than half remains. Naturally, even after filling, the previous loads are no longer acceptable. There is always a risk that a crack will appear and the tooth will literally fall apart. After this, his condition will become much worse. You will have to install a pin or use other options.

Temporary crowns for front teeth

Manufacturing prices

The first thing many people want to know is the current cost of making temporary crowns. It’s no secret that a fair percentage of dental clients are poor people, retirees, and students. You can lose a tooth at any age. In Russia and Ukraine, prices are slightly different. On average, Moscow clinics charge from 600 to 1000 rubles ($9.5-15.7) for a product manufactured locally. The more complex the work and the more expensive the material chosen, the higher the amount they will quote you.

How much do temporary crowns cost?

In Ukraine, prices range from 100-250 hryvnia ($3.8-9.57), and up to the amount that dentists’ conscience allows them to name; Metal-plastic costs 550 hryvnia ($21). In general, prices in Ukrainian clinics are lower. But this largely depends on the region, as in any other country.

Temporary crowns - m people's opinions

Of course, one cannot expect that a temporary structure that replaces a tooth will be widely praised. But we still decided to study reviews about temporary crowns on the Internet. Some were more fortunate, some less so. This depends not only on the doctors, but also on what material was used in the manufacture of each specific crown.

Temporary crown after installation

Sometimes the patient saves, believing that for now he can go with the simplest and cheapest option. As a result, the artificial tooth does not look very realistic, and its strength leaves much to be desired.

The situation is worst in budget city dentistry. Firstly, there are no quality materials there. Secondly, the crown is not always properly processed and adjusted. Thirdly, they may not use the best cement for installation. This causes the temporary crown to fall out prematurely. The experience and skills of the employees also leave much to be desired. Therefore, sometimes it is better to initially contact a private clinic.