home Thyroid Can the stomach hurt during menstruation. Causes of painful menstruation. Video - How to treat cystitis at home

Can the stomach hurt during menstruation. Causes of painful menstruation. Video - How to treat cystitis at home

Abdominal pain during menstruation is a common occurrence. But if it does not end even after the end, such a state cannot be left unattended. Perhaps this symptom signals that a woman has a disease of the genital organs, for example, an inflammatory process in the ovaries. If abdominal pain after menstruation is accompanied by unusual discharge, it is necessary to visit a gynecologist. But discomfort can also speak of other health problems, the nature of which will help to find out a comprehensive examination.

Content:

Why does my stomach hurt

During menstruation, the body of a woman is weakened. This is facilitated by blood loss and increased vulnerability to infections. Often after them, chronic inflammatory processes in the genitourinary and digestive organs become aggravated. At the same time, pain in the abdomen is felt not only during menstruation, but also at its end. The causes of pain can be pathologies in the reproductive organs, hormonal failure, the consequences of surgery.

Hormonal disorders

The cause of pain in the lower abdomen is the increased tone of the uterus, the tension of its muscles. Often, hypertonicity occurs with temporary or permanent hormonal imbalances:

Lack of progesterone, which helps to relax the muscles of the uterus and makes them more elastic.
Hyperestrogenism. An excess of estrogen leads to disruption of the development of the endometrium in the uterus, contributes to the occurrence of endometriosis and tumors. Symptoms of these diseases are abdominal pain, painful periods.
Excess male sex hormones (hyperandrogenism). This condition leads to delays in menstruation, a decrease in the volume of menstrual flow. The lower abdomen after menstruation hurts and pulls.
Excess prolactin (hyperprolactinemia). Nervous stress, stimulation of the nipples during sex can contribute to the occurrence of a temporary disorder. Often, pain in the abdomen after menstruation occurs in women during breastfeeding.

The cause of hormonal disruptions can be a violation of the thyroid gland, pituitary gland, liver, kidneys, taking hormonal drugs, as well as improper metabolism, a sharp change in body weight as a result of diseases or malnutrition.

ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

In the treatment of infertility, drugs are used that stimulate ovulation by increasing the production of estrogen and progesterone in the ovaries. Side effects may be an increase in their size, vasodilation. The walls become thinner, due to which fluid seeps through them, which accumulates in the abdominal cavity. All this leads to the fact that after a woman's menstruation, pain does not disappear, bloating occurs, and uterine contractility increases.

Addition: If pain in the lower abdomen occurs 1-2 weeks after menstruation, this indicates that ovulation has occurred, in which the follicle shell is torn. A woman may notice that she has a pinkish discharge along with abdominal pain.

Inflammatory processes in the genitals

Soreness of the lower abdomen is often a symptom of inflammatory diseases of the genital organs:

vulvitis (inflammation of the mucous membrane of the external genital organs);
cervicitis (process in the cervix);
endometritis (inflammation of the endometrium);
salpingitis (process in the fallopian tubes);
oophoritis (inflammation of the ovaries).

Inflammatory processes can quickly spread from the external genitalia to the uterus and ovaries. Their occurrence is facilitated by a violation of the microflora of the vagina, the entry of bacteria into the organs during gynecological procedures, as well as infection with various types of fungal and genital infections. In addition to pain, after menstruation, in this case, abundant discharge occurs, which has a yellow-green color, an unpleasant odor. The temperature often rises. Pain in the abdomen increases with hypothermia of the legs and pelvic area.

Video: Causes of abdominal pain. Inflammation of the fallopian tubes

Pathology in the uterus

Displacement and trauma of the uterus. Pain occurs after menstruation with the bending of the cervix, its prolapse, and also due to a violation of the shape and size of the organ. Adhesions and scars form in the uterine cavity if it was injured during childbirth or during curettage for various diseases. Abortions and miscarriages can affect the condition of the mucous membrane.

Installation of an intrauterine device often causes the appearance of pain, as there is irritation of the nerve endings, due to which the sensitivity to pain after menstruation increases.

Endometriosis. Pathological growth of the endometrium, leads to its exit beyond the uterine cavity, the ingress of particles onto the ovaries, into the ligaments of the abdominal cavity, and onto the bladder. The functioning of organs is disrupted, pain increases during menstruation and after them. There are spotting intermenstrual bleeding.

Cysts and tumors of the ovaries

The cause of pain is the stretching of the walls of the growing neoplasms, squeezing the uterus and other organs of the abdominal cavity. In addition, serious complications such as twisting of the legs of neoplasms, their rupture and the ingress of contents into the abdominal cavity, and internal bleeding can occur. These processes are extremely painful and usually require urgent surgical intervention.

Diseases of other organs

The causes of abdominal pain after menstruation can be not only purely female diseases, but also exacerbation of appendicitis, colitis and other intestinal diseases, as well as tuberculosis of the genital organs, diseases of the nervous system.

When to see a doctor

If the pain does not disappear 2-3 days after the period has ended, this may be a sign of a disease. Particular attention should be paid to the following symptoms:

The appearance of bloody spotting or other discharge with an unpleasant odor that does not disappear 1-2 days after menstruation (characteristic manifestations of endometriosis, uterine tumors).
Pain when touching the stomach, the occurrence of a sharp increasing pain inside the abdomen (appendicitis, complications in the formation of cysts and tumors).
Increase in body temperature (inflammatory processes).
Nausea, vomiting, dizziness, weakness (anemia due to bleeding).
Enlargement of the mammary glands, the appearance of white discharge from the nipple (hormonal disorders).

Warning: You can not self-medicate without knowing the cause of the pain. Warming up the abdomen and pain relief is not always beneficial. In some cases, on the contrary, ice should be applied to the lower abdomen for pain (for example, for bleeding or inflammation). Taking an anesthetic can mask the manifestation of a serious pathology. In some cases, urgent antibiotic treatment is required.

If symptoms appear, you should consult a doctor. If the specialist has established that the woman is healthy, then the cause of the appearance of painful sensations may have been physical overwork, nervous stress, or hypothermia. In this case, to relieve pain, you need to rest more, be in the fresh air, you can do yoga.

In the body of any woman of reproductive age, there are cyclical changes associated with the preparation of the uterus for a possible pregnancy. If pregnancy does not occur, then bleeding (menstruation) occurs, which in most women is associated with abdominal pain. Minor and short pain is a physiological norm. A doctor should be consulted if it is strong, deprives a woman of the opportunity to do ordinary things. Such pain indicates the presence of serious diseases, it should not be ignored.

Content:

Why does abdominal pain occur? What is dysmenorrhea

Cyclic processes associated with the preparation of the female body for a possible pregnancy depend on hormonal changes, increased production of estrogen, progesterone, prostaglandin. There is a so-called premenstrual syndrome, the signs of which are a depressive mood, swelling of the mammary glands, and the lower abdomen hurts.

If fertilization does not occur, pregnancy does not occur, then the layer of the inner lining of the uterus (epithelium), to which the fertilized cell was supposed to attach, is rejected and excreted from the body. Since the mucous membrane is permeated with a network of blood vessels, bleeding occurs.

Rejection of the outer layer of the epithelium (mucosa) and its removal from the uterus occurs due to its spasmodic contractions, which cause pain. In addition, swelling of the epithelium leads to an increase in the size of the uterus. It compresses the nerve endings of the surrounding tissues. Corresponding signals are transmitted to the brain, a pain response occurs in the abdomen.

These processes are natural. The intensity of pain depends on the individual characteristics of the woman's body: the location and size of the uterus, the sensitivity of the pain centers of the brain, general health, physical and psychological stress.

Video: What is menstruation. Why does my stomach hurt

Painful periods are more common in nulliparous young women. Sometimes pain in the abdomen appears when using uterine contraceptives. Abdominal pain during menstruation can be severe in the presence of endocrine diseases, leading to hormonal disorders in the body. Menses are painful after operations on the uterus or internal organs.

To understand why during menstruation the stomach hurts a lot (the so-called dysmenorrhea occurs), you need to find out if the woman has the following diseases:

endometriosis and adenomyosis (growth of the epithelium of the uterus);
ovarian cyst (neoplasm in the form of a cavity in the body of the ovary, which has a benign character);
fibroids (benign tumor in the muscle of the uterus);
polyps (single benign neoplasms in the endometrium);
ectopic pregnancy (attachment of a fertilized egg not in the uterus, but in the fallopian tubes).

Video: Causes of pain during menstruation

All these diseases pose a danger to a woman's health, and in some cases become a threat to life, so if menstruation is painful, then you must definitely consult a doctor and undergo an examination. Associated features that should also be reported are:

fever during menstruation;
the duration of menstruation is more than 7 days;
increased pain compared to previous periods;
increase in the volume of menstrual flow;
an increase in the abdomen, suspicion of pregnancy.

Sometimes pain during menstruation appears not only in the abdomen, but also in other parts of the body: stomach, legs, back, discomfort during urination.

Ways to improve well-being during menstruation

If serious diseases associated with menstruation are not found in women, then some simple procedures aimed at relaxing the uterus will help alleviate the condition.

Warming treatments

They help to relieve spasms and weaken muscle tone. It is necessary to hold a warm heating pad on the stomach for 15-20 minutes. You can lie down in a warm bath for 10 minutes or take a warm shower.

Physical activity

Light physical activity is not only not contraindicated, but is necessary to improve the condition during menstruation. Walking, cycling, swimming improve blood circulation, prevent its stagnation, reduce the pressure of the uterus on the nerve endings. In addition, classes relax the nervous system, strengthen muscles, and improve mood. Heavy physical activity is contraindicated.

Diet during menstruation

Bloating can increase pain, so it is recommended during menstruation to limit the use of foods that cause gas formation (legumes, sugar), as well as spicy foods and stimulating drinks (green tea, coffee).

It is useful to drink plenty of pure water, use warm herbal tea for a calming effect and juicy fruits. It is necessary to eat foods containing a lot of vitamin E (bananas, avocados), which speeds up metabolic processes in the body, is involved in the production of hormones. This will serve as a prevention of diseases associated with hormonal disorders. Such violations are reflected in the course of menstruation. It is useful to eat foods containing vitamins A and group B.

Psychological attitude

Pain during menstruation is aggravated by stress. Socializing with friends, participating in activities that give pleasure, doing interesting things help to take your mind off the pain. Sometimes you just need to sleep or eat something tasty to cheer up and forget about unpleasant symptoms.

Video: How to deal with pain during menstruation

Therapeutic methods

In order to get rid of pain during menstruation, the doctor may recommend using the method of reflexology (acupuncture).

In some cases, women are advised to use hormonal contraceptives to reduce the level of prostaglandin (a hormone that enhances uterine contractions, squeezing blood vessels). With an increased level of this hormone, women experience abdominal pain, sometimes nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

For pain relief, you can use traditional medicine, for example, "Kuril tea". The extract of this plant, as well as lactose and some anti-inflammatory substances are part of the drug "Metamid" (BAA), which is used for menstrual pain and for the prevention of inflammatory diseases of the uterus.

Advice: It is better to take any medications after being examined by a doctor, since the elimination of pain without establishing its cause can mask the symptoms of a disease that needs to be urgently treated. In addition, some drugs are addictive.

After the doctor finds out why the woman has a stomach ache during menstruation, diagnoses the disease by ultrasound and other research methods, treatment with pain-relieving, soothing, anti-inflammatory or hormonal medications is prescribed.

Every woman is familiar with the symptoms associated with menstruation: depressed mood, irritability, discomfort in the chest, cramps and pain in the abdomen. Sometimes the pain in the lower abdomen is so pronounced that it disturbs the usual way of life. Doctors call this condition dysmenorrhea.

Many women have come to terms with pain during menstruation. But such an attitude to such a delicate problem is erroneous, since pain can not only be a natural ailment, but also indicate the presence of a serious illness. Severe pain on critical days should not be ignored.

Menstruation is a process by which the female body is freed from unnecessary waste products.

It is regulated by nerve impulses, so mild discomfort and pain cannot be a pathology. Very severe pain indicates a malfunction in the female reproductive system.

Usually the pain begins to be felt a few hours before the onset of menstruation, and lasts up to two days. By nature, it can be cramping, stabbing, aching and reveal itself not only in the lower abdomen, but in the sacrum and lower back.

Specialists classify menstrual pain according to the following criteria:

The pain is slightly expressed, there is no discomfort. Mild malaise, drowsiness and fatigue are possible. 40% of women suffer from this form of dysmenorrhea from the very first menstrual cycle. In 25% of women, this condition manifests itself during life. Doctors do not recommend doing anything with these pains, if they do not grow and do not disrupt the usual way of life.
The average form of dysmenorrhea - algomenorrhea, is accompanied by chills, severe abdominal pain, darkening of the eyes, tinnitus, sometimes fainting before the onset of menstrual bleeding. The activity of a woman at this time is markedly reduced. Many resort to the help of strong painkillers and antispasmodics already on the first day of menstruation, but the pills only drown out the pain, but do not solve the problem. It is recommended to consult a gynecologist and find out the causes of this condition.
The third form of dysmenorrhea is very severe. The symptoms of algomenorrhea described above are supplemented by arrhythmia, heart pain, vomiting, and a general disturbance of well-being. Analgesics do not always give the desired result. You need to see a doctor urgently.

Very severe pain before and during menstruation can occur against the background of hormonal disorders, gynecological pathologies, genital injuries, cause a mental disorder, depressive syndrome, and even infertility.

Causes

Severe menstrual pain can be caused by the following reasons:

inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs;
polyps in the uterus;
endometriosis;
adhesive process;
polycystic ovary syndrome;
benign neoplasm - fibroma;
spontaneous miscarriage during menstruation;
hormonal disorders, increased activity of the thyroid gland;
the presence of an intrauterine device;
atypical location of the reproductive organ;
genital infections;
increased excitability of the nervous system;
genetic predisposition;
lack of magnesium and calcium in the body;
recent induced abortion or childbirth;
passive lifestyle;
improper nutrition.

If the menstrual pain is short-lived, and the pain is not so strong as to disrupt the usual way of life, then everything is within the normal range, nothing needs to be done.

Diagnostics

Examination for painful periods should be comprehensive. The doctor examines the patient on the gynecological chair and palpates the mammary glands.

The most important prehistory of complaints, with which you can identify the possible causes of dysmenorrhea.

After questioning and examining the patient, the specialist may suggest the following diagnostic tests, depending on the suspected cause of the disease:

Ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs;
determination of hormonal status;
cytological analysis for STDs;
hysteroscopy to exclude intrauterine abnormalities;
laparoscopy to assess the condition of the abdominal organs;
consultation of narrow specialists: endocrinologist, surgeon, psychiatrist.

Treatment

When choosing an adequate conservative therapy, the specialist takes into account the form of dysmenorrhea (mild, moderate or severe), the nature of the pain syndrome, its causes and the individual characteristics of the patient. Surgical intervention is indicated only in case of severe dysmenorrhea, which is accompanied by pathologies of the reproductive system (tumors, adhesions, etc.).

giving up bad habits: alcohol, smoking, caffeine;
normalization of working and rest conditions;
exclusion of stress factors;
full sleep;
a healthy diet that excludes fatty, fried and indigestible foods;
normalization of weight (it has been proven that obese women are more likely to suffer from painful periods);
moderate sports, water procedures.

Non-drug therapy is aimed at reducing the intensity of pain during menstruation and reducing the body's need for painkillers. Depending on the pathogenesis of dysmenorrhea, it includes the following methods of exposure:

Drug treatment of dysmenorrhea is based on the use of several groups of drugs that differ in their mechanism of action:

gestagens;
oral contraceptives (COC);
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Gestagens have an effect on secretory changes in the endometrium, but do not affect the ovulatory function of the ovaries. Progesterone and its derivatives, as well as testosterone, are actively used. They qualitatively reduce the contractile activity of the uterus, suppressing the production of prostaglandins. They also reduce the excitability of nerve fibers located in the muscular layer of the uterus.

Oral contraceptives have a positive effect on the hormonal background of a woman and normalize the menstrual cycle. They reduce blood loss during menstruation, suppressing the process of ovulation. Also, birth control pills reduce nervous excitability and contractile activity of the uterus, which is why the pain preceding taking COCs is significantly reduced.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed to patients who, for whatever reason, do not want to use oral contraception. The effectiveness of NSAIDs is due to their analgesic characteristics, which are associated with a decrease in the production of prostaglandins.

The main disadvantage of these drugs is their short effect - from 2 to 6 hours. The advantage lies in the episodic, and not the constant use of medications, as is the case with COCs and gestagens. It is enough to use NSAIDs with tension before the onset of menstruation and on its first day, that is, only at the time when it is really necessary. The drugs of this group are Ketoprofen, Diclofenac, Nimesil, Mig.

The groups of drugs listed above, at the discretion of a specialist, can be supplemented with such drugs as antispasmodics, tranquilizers, antioxidants, as well as vitamin complexes, herbal remedies and homeopathic remedies.

Traditional medicine for painful periods

You do not need to rely on serious painkillers every time if the pain during menstruation is tolerable. Folk recipes will help soothe even very severe ailments on the first day of menstruation.

Folk recipes:

Herbal decoctions based on horsetail and bear's ears have a diuretic effect and successfully relieve pulling pains in the abdomen before menstruation.
Tea with chamomile, raspberry, mint and catnip is recommended to drink before and during menstruation. These drinks, known for their sedative properties, help to relax the muscles of the uterus.
An infusion of oregano relieves pain during menstruation and spasms in the intestines, which often occur in a woman on the first day of bleeding. To prepare the infusion, you need to pour a tablespoon of herbs with a glass of boiling water. After the remedy is infused, it is drunk before meals three times a day.
A decoction of the bark of viburnum also makes life easier during menstruation. To prepare a decoction, four teaspoons of the bark are poured into a glass of water, the decoction is boiled for 30 minutes and filtered. Drink the drug should be before eating a tablespoon.
If on the first day of menstruation a woman suffers from a headache, you can prepare an infusion of raspberry leaves. Three teaspoons of the leaves are poured into a glass of boiling water, insisted and drunk during the day before meals in small sips.
A simple remedy for pain relief is cold. An ice pack can be placed on the lower abdomen for a short time before and during menstruation. Pain and spasms will go away, as under the influence of low temperature the vessels will narrow. But you need to be careful not to chill the pelvic organs.
Heat can also help to cope with pain on critical days. A warm heating pad is applied to the abdomen for a short time several times a day. But we must not forget that this method can increase bleeding, so it is important not to overdo it.

Prevention

Preventive measures to prevent the symptoms of dysmenorrhea should not be underestimated, but for some reason, many women do not attach due importance to this.

A woman should regularly visit the gynecologist's office, at least once a year. The first visit should occur after the established menstruation, but not later than 16 years of age and provided that there are no complaints from the patient.

Any inflammatory processes that occur in the genital area should be treated in a timely manner to exclude possible complications. This tactic will avoid menstrual irregularities and painful periods.

Women who have not given birth are not recommended to use an intrauterine device as a means of contraception. Some experts dissuade their patients from using it in the future in order to exclude the likelihood of developing inflammatory phenomena in the small pelvis and avoid painful periods, since the spiral has precisely this side property.

Use reliable contraceptives to prevent unwanted pregnancy. Since abortion leads to mechanical trauma to the uterine mucosa and negatively affects the hormonal background of a woman and her menstrual cycle.

It is also important to prevent painful menstruation in order to avoid such serious complications as infertility, the development of neurosis and psychosis against the background of regular pain.

If the critical days of a woman are accompanied by severe pain, you should not self-medicate. As soon as possible, you need to contact a gynecologist. With the help of a simple examination, the specialist will find out the causes of pain and prescribe adequate treatment.

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Having reached reproductive age, every girl is faced with such an inevitable phenomenon as the menstrual cycle and menstruation.

The menstrual cycle is a monthly recurring, cyclical process of egg maturation in the ovaries and evolutionary changes in the uterine mucosa under the influence of sex hormones. As a rule, menstruation comes at the age of 12-14. The first menstruation is called menarche.

Menstruation is a physiological "bleeding" from the genital tract that occurs after the rejection of the functional layer of the endometrium, under the influence of sex hormones (progesterone), if the fertilization process does not occur.

The process of ovulation is the release of a “ripened” egg from the ovary at the time of the maximum concentration of estrogens in the blood, which occurs approximately in the middle of the cycle (on days 14-17).

However, very often in many girls and women, menstruation is manifested not only by bloody discharge from the genitals, but also by various painful sensations. According to statistics, at a gynecologist's appointment, about 60% of patients complain of various pain sensations, and every 5 of them have a stomach ache during menstruation.

Why can menstruation be painful?

The occurrence of pain associated with menstruation is called algomenorrhea (hereinafter ADM).

ADM is a syndrome of regularly occurring pain sensations in women in different age periods, against the background of a pathology of a different nature (endocrine, metabolic, neurological). ADM can occur as an independent disease, or as a concomitant syndrome of a gynecological disease. Depending on why ADM occurs, it can be divided into primary and secondary.

Primary algomenorrhea

It exists as an independent diagnosis, and it is not associated with pathology and anatomical disorders in the female body. This disease is inherent in girls of younger age groups who have just entered the phase of puberty, as a rule, the onset of ADM occurs a year or more after the onset of menarche. At this time, the exact causes of this phenomenon have not been established. So why does it occur?

lean physique;
high nervous excitability;
imbalance of the hormonal component (excess prostaglandins, decreased progesterone levels).

Diagnosis of primary ADM:

the absence of structural changes during the study (gynecological examination, ultrasound);
characteristic appearance of girls: young, asthenic constitution, vegetative-vascular disorders, emotional lability;
characteristic time of onset (after menarche).

Medical tactics

Therapy of primary ADM should be complex, that is, combine drug and non-drug methods.

healthy lifestyle, massages, physiotherapy;
vitamin therapy during menstruation;
the use of herbal sedatives (persen, valerian);
painkillers and antispasmodics in severe cases (spasmolgon, no-shpa, indomethacin, ibuprofen);
taking hormonal drugs from 5 to 25 days of the cycle, with a high content of the progestogen component, for 3-4 months.

Secondary algomenorrhea

Acts as a separate symptom of a specific disease. Secondary ADM is inherent in women over the age of 30-35 years.

Why does secondary ADM occur?

endometriosis is a benign disease characterized by excessive growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity;
Adenomyosis is a type of endometriosis, manifested by the germination of endometrial tissue into the muscular layer of the uterus.
the presence of fibroids and polyps in the uterine cavity;
anomalies of the anatomical structure and development of the genital organs (infantile uterus);
ADM against the background of injuries, early surgical operations, abortions, difficult births, curettage;
acute and chronic inflammatory gynecological diseases (endometritis, salpingoopharitis, adnexitis).

Manifestations of secondary ADM:

pain syndrome is divided into several degrees:

Mild degree - the presence of moderate pelvic pain during menstruation. Painkillers are not needed.
Medium degree - characterized by pains of moderate intensity, longer, which lead to a slight exhaustion of the nervous system. Painkillers are required.
Severe - characterized by excruciating, unbearable pain. Self-anaesthesia does not bring effect.

Diagnosis of secondary ADM:

gynecological examination;
hysteroscopy, colposcopy;
laboratory tests: PCR, a swab from the cervical canal, urethra, vagina, sowing a smear;
blood test for the content of female sex hormones.

Medical tactics

Therapy of secondary ADM is primarily aimed at curing the underlying disease, eliminating pain is the second point.

treatment of gynecological pathology by conservative and surgical methods;
painkillers;
hormonal preparations (zhanin, femoden, mersilon, etc.).

Why is there a delay in menstruation, and the stomach hurts a lot?

Severe pain in the lower abdomen, accompanied by a delay in menstruation, can be caused by:

ectopic (ectopic) pregnancy;
risk of miscarriage ;
the approach of dysfunctional uterine bleeding;
hemorrhage of an ovarian cyst;
adhesive process in the uterine cavity.

Ectopic pregnancy- acute gynecological pathology, in which the embryo develops outside the uterine cavity (in the cervix, in the fallopian tubes or ovary). Contributing factors: inflammatory gynecological diseases, previous operations on the uterus, a history of ectopic pregnancy, endometriosis. Of course, such a pregnancy is not normal, and if the size of the fetus and the anatomical region where it develops do not match, its inevitable interruption occurs (in the form of an organ rupture or abortion of the ovum into the abdominal cavity).

Manifestations of ectopic pregnancy according to the type of organ rupture:

delayed menstruation and a positive pregnancy test;
sudden onset, very severe pain in the abdomen on one side, radiating to the lower back, shoulder, shoulder blade;
progressive deterioration with fainting and loss of consciousness;
signs of bleeding: pallor, low blood pressure, frequent and weak pulse.

Manifestations of ectopic pregnancy according to the type of abortion of the fetal egg:

too delay and positive test;
wavy pains on one side, the nature of the pain is pulling, cramping;
possible in the form of "daub";
internal bleeding is a very common complication.

What needs to be done?

Immediate hospitalization and surgical treatment.

Risk of miscarriage- a condition preceding self-abortion, if assistance is not provided in time.

Manifestations:

delayed menstruation, accompanied by mild aching or pulling pain in the lower abdomen and in the sacral region;
with increased pain and the appearance of bloody discharge from the vagina, we can talk about the onset of abortion

What needs to be done?

Hospitalization is required immediately. With the threat of abortion and a miscarriage that has begun, it is possible to save the pregnancy. In adverse cases, therapeutic curettage of the uterus is prescribed.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding- This is a gynecological disease that occurs against the background of an imbalance of sex hormones, and is manifested by pain in the lower abdomen and bloody discharge from the genital tract. The regularity of menstruation is disturbed, their delay is possible.

What needs to be done?

Seek help from a gynecologist. Treatment consists of taking hormonal drugs.

Hemorrhagic ovarian cysts

Manifestations:

delayed menstruation;
pulling pains and discomfort in the abdomen, usually on one side;
very often complicated by apoplexy (hemorrhage) of the ovary.

What do we have to do?

Hospitalization and surgical treatment.

Adhesions in the uterine cavity. The formation of connective tissue adhesions in the uterine cavity is called Asheraman's syndrome. The causes of this syndrome: the consequences of gynecological manipulations (abortions, curettage), early inflammation (endometritis).

Asherman's syndrome symptoms:

delayed menstruation if adhesions completely block the exit from the uterine cavity;
an increase followed by the appearance of very severe pain due to the increasing accumulation of blood in the uterine cavity (hematometer).

What needs to be done?

Surgical treatment is the only way out.

According to medical statistics, in the life of almost every woman there is such an unpleasant phenomenon as premenstrual pain. At what the stomach during menstruation can hurt so much that it is an obstacle to normal work and a habitual way of life.

Most often, the stomach hurts in the lower abdomen, while pain can be given to the sacrum, lower back and pelvis. Sometimes the stomach hurts so much that a woman has to take painkillers during her period.

Causes of severe menstrual pain in the lower abdomen

Pain during menstruation, characterized as moderate, occurs on average in 75% of girls and women of reproductive age. In this case, discomfort can have different intensity. Often, pain during menstruation in nulliparous girls is a physiological norm. But if the pain is regular, severe and accompanied by dizziness, vomiting, diarrhea and even fainting, then here we are most likely talking about a disease such as algomenorrhea (dysmenorrhea).

The above symptoms indicate the presence of certain disorders in the nervous, hormonal, sexual, vascular or other spheres of the human body. If it is possible to establish the root cause of such discomfort during menstruation, then the measures taken to eliminate it will significantly alleviate the condition of the unfortunate woman, as well as improve the tolerance of menstruation.

Why does the stomach hurt before menstruation

As a rule, pain in the abdomen before the “critical days” is experienced by girls suffering from one or another disease of the genital organs. Pain may indicate the presence of an infection transmitted intimately. Often, the causes of severe discomfort before menstruation are various hormonal disruptions. This is especially true for girls in adolescence, experiencing puberty and the formation of the menstrual cycle.

It also happens that there are no problems in gynecology, but at the same time the stomach hurts no less. Finding the root cause in this situation is much more difficult, the cause of discomfort can lie in a weakened immune system, stress, heavy work schedule and deficiency. Therefore, it makes sense to start taking a multivitamin complex, relax more and walk in the fresh air, these same techniques are useful when your head hurts.

Sometimes severe pain before the menstrual cycle is caused by inflammation of the appendages. This disease requires timely treatment, since its chronic form can cause female infertility.

Periodic pains have nothing to do with dysmenorrhea. The symptoms of this pathology are similar to the physiological discomfort in the lower abdomen before menstruation, but their difference is that these are cramping pains that can radiate to the lower back and do not go away even during menstruation. These symptoms are observed in about 45% of women, while 8-10% of them experience such "hellish" pain that they cannot work normally.

Dysmenorrhea is either primary or secondary. The first is observed in young girls, about a year after the first menstruation. Pain can begin on the first day of the cycle or a few hours before it starts. Pain of a cramping nature, with which the lower back and lower abdomen most often hurt, sometimes manifestations such as headache and nausea are possible. The causes of discomfort before menstruation in primary dysmenorrhea have not been fully identified.

The most common cause of secondary dysmenorrhea is endometriosis. Symptoms of this pathology: pain in the lower back, lower abdomen and rectum. These manifestations are protracted and last for 2-3 days. Vomiting and nausea, as in the case of primary dysmenorrhea, are absent, an increase in body temperature is possible. This pathology is observed in women 30-40 years of age. It can be triggered by unsuccessful abortion, curettage, uterine fibroids and wearing an intrauterine device. Varicose veins of the pelvic organs can also lead to secondary algomenorrhea.

Sometimes the lower abdomen begins to pull even a week before the “critical” days, and bloating and slight pain occur, discomfort in the mammary glands, their tension and increase in size are possible. Most often, these changes are associated with the production of hormones that regulate the entire menstrual cycle. In the presence of intense and unbearable pain, you need to consult a doctor, perhaps inflammatory processes occur in the body or serious diseases develop, which in the future can adversely affect childbearing.

Severe pain on the first day of menstruation

Pain at the beginning of the menstrual cycle is associated with hormonal changes in the female body. Fertilization of the egg did not occur, as a result of which the process of endometrial renewal starts. In order to eliminate dead mucosal tissue, hormones provoke uterine muscle contractions. This is what contributes to the appearance of painful discomfort during menstruation.

This process is quite physiological, it is predetermined by nature itself. But at the same time there are other, less "suspicious" factors mentioned above (primary and secondary algomenorrhea).

Sometimes severe pain can be caused by a disease such as hypomenorrhea. Additional symptoms: scanty discharge, headaches and lumbar pain, constipation, nausea, delayed menstruation. The development of this pathology can lead to amenorrhea (absence of the menstrual cycle).

Pain in the ovaries after menstruation

Very often at a gynecologist's appointment, women complain of pain in the ovaries, which also extends to the lower back and lower abdomen. Sometimes women complain about the strong manifestations of the symptom, complaining of unbearable pain in the lower back after the menstrual cycle.

The discomfort that occurs in this period cannot be associated with the “critical days” syndrome, since the menstrual cycle has already ended. This manifestation can symbolize the presence of pathology, gynecological diseases. But in this case, it is possible to make a diagnosis only after passing the tests and the examination.

If periodic pains are observed at the end of menstruation, then you need to sound the alarm, since these manifestations are not characteristic of menstrual or ovulatory syndrome. Of course, sometimes these symptoms can be considered as residual effects of heavy and painful periods. However, if we consider the statistics, then such manifestations indicate the progression of a gynecological disease.

Pain in the ovaries can be caused by:

The influence of psychogenic factors.
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.
Ovarian apoplexy, characterized by a sudden rupture of ovarian tissue.
Pathological change in the location of the ovarian appendages.
Peritonitis.
Cyst or tumor in the genitals.
Inflammation of the ovaries (adnexitis).
Oophoritis (an independent inflammatory process in the ovaries).

What to do with very severe pain?

If menstruation is accompanied by severe pain, then it is better to consult a gynecologist in order to exclude the presence of serious health problems. In the absence of complications, a well-chosen diet and vitamin complex will help get rid of discomfort.

Be sure to see a doctor if:

pain persists even after menstruation;
during menstruation, the temperature increased, a skin rash, diarrhea appeared;
for several months, especially strong monthly discharges were observed;
after a “painless” menstruation, pain sets in sharply;
pain is accompanied by problems such as bloody stools or tarry stools.

Video: why does the lower abdomen hurt when menstruation goes

The physiology of the female body is quite unpredictable. He is able to perform a real miracle - to conceive, endure and give birth to a child. Nature has endowed a woman with such a fantastic ability, but sometimes you have to pay for this gift. Perhaps this is how you can justify menstrual pain. In order to understand what caused these uncomfortable sensations and how to solve the problem, we suggest watching the following video.