What causes temperature. What happens in the body when the temperature rises. High temperatures are good for health. When to call an ambulance

Or an increase in temperature is a reaction of our body to various stimuli. Inflammatory processes, infections, overheating in the sun, hypothermia, or even strong excitement can cause the thermometer to start showing much more than the usual 36.6 ° C.

Most often, a common cold or flu begins with a high temperature. But if it has been holding for several days, and no other symptoms of any disease appear, then this is very alarming.

When does acute high fever occur without symptoms?

During various purulent and infectious diseases (rickettsial, fungal, bacterial, viral pathologies). If at the initial stage you do not see any additional symptoms (vomiting, runny nose,), then you can start the diagnosis by analyzing the nature of the fever:

• If during the day the temperature either rises, then (without the use of antipyretics) returns to normal, this may be a sign or an abscess (accumulation of pus).

  If the temperature is lower in the morning, it also fluctuates during the day, but does not reach the norm, then it is necessary to undergo an examination and be tested, since this type of fever is not typical for any particular disease.

  If the high temperature during the day is kept at the same level, then this may be a signal of typhoid or typhus, as well as a number of other less common diseases.

  If the high temperature lasts for several days, gradually decreasing, then this may be a sign of:

  • infections of the genitourinary system;

    Charcot's disease (also known as motor neuron disease, Motor neuron disease; in English-speaking countries - Lu Ge's disease) is a slowly progressive, incurable degenerative disease of the central nervous system, in which both upper (motor cortex) and lower ( anterior horns of the spinal cord and nuclei of the cranial nerves) of motor neurons, which leads to paralysis and subsequent muscle atrophy.);

    sodoku (may develop after being bitten by rats);

    malaria (carried by mosquitoes, the risk of getting sick occurs when traveling to hot countries)

Injuries (fractures, sprains, bruises) and various mechanical damage. Even a splinter, if the affected area is not treated and it becomes inflamed, can cause a rise in temperature.

Various neoplasms (both benign and malignant). If other symptoms do not appear at a high temperature, then it is worth undergoing an examination to diagnose or exclude tumors of the internal organs.

Porphyria, goiter, thyrotoxicosis and some other endocrine diseases.

Hemolysis (destruction of red blood cells), caused by one reason or another.

Heart attacks (myocardium, lung).

Various blood diseases (lymphoma, leukemia).

Rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, systemic lupus erythematosus.

Chronic pyelonephritis characterized by a high temperature (37 to 38 ° C), which lasts for a long time and is not supplemented by any symptoms. Doctors do not recommend bringing down the temperature, as the body itself fights the infection. If the condition persists for more than two weeks, then you need to go to the reception and undergo an examination.

Allergic reactions are very often accompanied by a slight increase in temperature. In order for it to normalize, it is enough to simply get rid of the source of the allergy, as well as take any hypoallergenic agent that suits you (diphenhydramine, claritin, suprastin).

Hypothalamic syndrome also causes high fever. The reason for its appearance is that the subcortical apparatus of the brain is not working properly. There are no other visible symptoms, but the temperature lasts for years, and nothing can bring it down. Over time, the body simply adapts to this state. To date, medicine has not yet found the causes of the development of the disease and methods of treatment. So far, everything is limited to taking sedatives.

Infective endocarditis can develop if you have had a severe or sore throat on your legs. The temperature ranges from 37.5 to 40 ° C, it is dangerous to self-medicate, so consult a doctor immediately.

Meningococcal disease is a very insidious disease. It proceeds for a long time without visible symptoms, so treatment is very often started too late, and the patient cannot be saved. One of the first signs is a sharp jump in temperature to 40 ° C. You can knock it down, but it rises again very quickly. If you experience these symptoms, call an ambulance immediately.

Mental disorders.

When is asymptomatic fever not dangerous?

you overheated in the sun;

you are very overworked, are in a state of stress, often nervous;

you suffer from vegetative-vascular dystonia, in which sometimes the temperature may jump for no reason at all;

in adolescence (this is especially true for boys), a syndrome may develop, which is called "growth temperature". Growth is a process that is accompanied by a release of energy, so occasionally an asymptomatic temperature can rise, which does not affect well-being.

What to do if the temperature rises without symptoms?

Go see your therapist first. Very often, we are simply not able to notice certain symptoms, and the doctor can easily identify them and be able to diagnose the disease. It is also necessary to pass tests that will help identify many diseases that do not appear outwardly. Sometimes a doctor may order a sputum, urine, or blood culture, x-ray, or ultrasound. It is not recommended to abuse antipyretics. Removing a symptom, you can postpone the examination for a long time and start the disease, which, of course, is harmful to health.

Education: Moscow Medical Institute. I. M. Sechenov, specialty - "Medicine" in 1991, in 1993 "Occupational diseases", in 1996 "Therapy".

Raising temperature indicators to low values ​​\u200b\u200bis quite common. This can be a manifestation of both various diseases, and be considered the norm. What to do if a person has a temperature of 37 degrees?

Body temperature of 37 degrees can last for several days or even a week. But why does it hold on to such values?

It is customary to single out several causes of an infectious nature in the form of:

• acute viral or bacterial infections;
• inflammatory process of a chronic nature;
• development of tuberculosis or HIV infection;
• occurrence of viral hepatitis.

If the temperature is 37 for a week, the reasons may be:

• the appearance of tumor-like formations;
• thyroid disease;
• blood disease in the form of anemia;
• Crohn's disease;
• ulcerative colitis of nonspecific form;
• ankylosing spondylitis;
• rheumatism.

The causes can also be psychogenic in nature or act as a tail after a previous illness.

Causes of the infectious type

Most often, temperature indicators increase with a cold. In this case, there are other symptoms in the form of:

• nasal congestion;
• difficulty breathing;
• runny nose;
• dry type cough or with sputum discharge;
• rashes on the skin.

Some childhood illnesses are mild. These include chickenpox or measles.

With a long presence of focal infection, the symptoms gradually fade and become habitual. Therefore, the only sign of an unfavorable condition is subfebrile temperature. In such a situation, it is rather difficult to find the cause on your own, so the help of a specialist is required.

A long rise in temperature can be observed when:

1. ENT diseases in the form of tonsillitis, sinusitis, otitis, pharyngitis;
2. dental diseases in the form of the presence of carious formations;
3. diseases of the digestive system in the form of gastritis, colitis or pancreatitis;
4. inflammatory diseases of the urinary system;
5. inflammatory processes in the female and male genital organs;
6. abscess at the injection sites;
7. long non-healing ulcers in elderly patients and patients with diabetes mellitus.

If a person's temperature rises to 37 degrees constantly, then the doctor will ask you to undergo an examination, which includes:

• general analysis of blood and urine;
• consultation with narrow specialists in the form of an otolaryngologist, gastroenterologist, dentist, gynecologist;
• carrying out computed or magnetic tomography;
• conducting ultrasound diagnostics;
• conducting an x-ray examination.

A constant temperature may indicate other pathologies. But they are diagnosed much less frequently.

Diseases of the endocrine system

Some patients wonder why the temperature is 37 without symptoms? Often the cause is a disorder in the thyroid gland. When the thyroid gland begins to work hard, all metabolic processes are accelerated, which affects the thermoregulation of the body.

If the temperature is 37 without symptoms, then you need to take a blood test for hormones. With a long course of the disease, other signs can be observed in the form of:

• increased irritability;
• increased heart rate and high blood pressure;
• loose stool;
• a sharp decrease in body weight;
• excessive hair loss.

When the diagnosis is confirmed, the patient is prescribed hormonal therapy.

Development of anemia

Anemia is a disease that is associated with a decrease in the level of hemoglobin in the blood. This condition can occur for a variety of reasons. But most often the disease is observed in a woman, since it is she who regularly experiences a slight loss of blood.

In some situations, the hemoglobin level may be normal, but the amount of iron in the blood may be low. This process is called latent anemia.
Symptoms of this disease are hidden in:

• cold hands and feet;
• loss of strength and decreased ability to work;
• regular headaches and dizziness;
• bad hair and nails;
• increased daytime sleepiness;
• skin itching and dryness of the skin;
• regular occurrence of stomatitis or glossitis;
• poor tolerance of stuffy rooms;
• loose stools and urinary incontinence.

If the patient has a temperature of 37 for a month, then you need to undergo an examination, which includes:

• blood donation for hemoglobin;
• donating blood to the level of ferritin;
• study of the digestive system.

If the patient's diagnosis is confirmed, then the treatment consists in taking ferrous iron in the form of Sorbifer and Ferretab. Along with this, it is necessary to use ascorbic acid. The duration of treatment is three to four months.

Autoimmune diseases

If the indicators regularly stay at around 37 degrees, the temperature is observed without symptoms for a long time, then perhaps the reason lies in an autoimmune disease.

The most common of them are:

• rheumatoid arthritis;
• damage to the thyroid gland;
• lupus erythematosus of a systemic nature;
• Crohn's disease;
• toxic goiter;
• Sjögren's syndrome.

If the body temperature has been kept at 37 degrees for two weeks, then the doctor will prescribe an examination, which includes:

• blood donation for analysis by erythrocyte sedimentation rate;
• donating blood for the presence of protein;
• study for rheumatoid factor;
• examination for cells that indicate the presence of systemic lupus.

After diagnosing the disease, treatment will consist of the use of immunosuppressants, anti-inflammatory and hormonal medications.

temperature tail

If the temperature rises in the evening, without signs of a cold, then the patient may have a temperature tail. It occurs after a cold or influenza infection.

The duration of such a state usually does not exceed seven days. Therefore, it does not require treatment and goes away on its own.
But the patient after the illness needs to pay attention to strengthening the immune function. To do this, you need to take vitamins, eat a lot of fruits and vegetables, exercise and harden.

Psycho-emotional reasons

Often after a working day, a person feels weakened both physically and morally. As a result, the temperature rises above 37 degrees. This phenomenon is often observed in young children, women in the period of gestation and breastfeeding, adolescents. All this is associated with stressful situations and emotional overload.

If there are no other signs, then it is considered that the state of health is normal. It does not require treatment. It is enough to follow a few rules:

• ensure a good sleep for at least eight hours a day;
• walk more often in the fresh air;
• worry less.

If the patient has an unstable psyche and is experiencing panic attacks, then you should seek help from a psychotherapist. Such people are usually in a long-term depression and have a fine mental organization.

Subfebrile drug fever

If the temperature lasts for a week, then you should pay attention to what the patient has taken before. This phenomenon is often observed when using:

• epinephrine, ephedrine, norepinephrine;
• atropine, some groups of antidepressants, antihistamines and anti-inflammatory drugs;
• neuroleptics;
• antibacterial agents;
• chemotherapy therapy for tumor-like formations;
• narcotic painkillers;
• thyroxin preparations.

With timely cancellation, the temperature indicators return to normal again.

If the patient has a temperature of 37 degrees for a long time, then this symptom does not need to be treated on its own. It is better to seek help from a specialist. He will listen to complaints and, on the basis of this, will appoint an examination. When the cause is found out, appropriate treatment will already be prescribed.

Subfebrile is called elevated body temperature up to 38 ° C, and subfebrile - the presence of such a temperature for more than 3 days, often for no apparent reason. Subfebrile condition is a clear sign of disorders in the body that occur due to diseases, stress, hormonal disruptions. Despite the seeming harmlessness, this condition, in which people often continue to lead a normal life, can be a symptom of a disease, including a serious one, and give undesirable health consequences. Consider 12 main reasons that cause an increase in body temperature to subfebrile values.

The inflammatory process caused by infectious diseases (ARVI, pneumonia, bronchitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis, otitis media, pharyngitis, etc.) is the most common cause of low-grade fever, and it is this that doctors tend to suspect first of all when complaining about temperature. The peculiarity of hyperthermia in diseases of an infectious nature is that the general state of health also worsens (headache, weakness, chills occur), and when taking an antipyretic, it quickly becomes easier.

Source: depositphotos.com

Subfebrile temperature in children occurs with chicken pox, rubella and other childhood diseases in the prodromal period (that is, before the appearance of other clinical signs) and on the decline of the disease.

Infectious subfebrile condition is also inherent in some chronic pathologies (often during an exacerbation):

• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (pancreatitis, colitis, gastritis, cholecystitis);
• inflammation of the urinary tract (urethritis, pyelonephritis, cystitis);
• inflammatory diseases of the genital organs (prostate, uterine appendages);
• non-healing ulcers in the elderly and diabetics.

Physicians usually use a urinalysis to detect sluggish infections, and if inflammation in a particular organ is suspected, ultrasound, x-rays, and an examination by an appropriate specialist are prescribed.

Source: depositphotos.com

Source: depositphotos.com

Tuberculosis is a severe infection that affects the lungs, as well as the urinary, bone, reproductive systems, eyes and skin. Subfebrile temperature, along with high fatigue, loss of appetite, insomnia, can be a sign of tuberculosis of any localization. The pulmonary form of the disease is determined by fluorography in adults and the Mantoux test in children, which makes it possible to identify the disease at an early stage. Diagnosis of the extrapulmonary form is often complicated by the fact that tuberculosis is difficult to distinguish from other inflammatory processes in the organs, however, in this case, it is recommended to pay attention to a combination of signs characteristic of the disease: hyperthermia in the evenings, excessive sweating, as well as a sharp weight loss.

Source: depositphotos.com

A body temperature of 37-38 ° C, along with pain in the joints, muscles, rash, swollen lymph nodes, may be a sign of an acute period of HIV infection that causes damage to the immune system. The currently incurable disease makes the body defenseless against any infections - even such harmless (not assuming fatal) as candidiasis, herpes, SARS. The latent (asymptomatic) period of HIV can last up to several years, however, as the virus destroys the cells of the immune system, the symptoms of the disease begin to appear in the form of candidiasis, herpes, frequent colds, stool disorders - and subfebrile condition. Timely detection of HIV will allow the carrier to monitor their immune status and, with the help of antiviral treatment, reduce the amount of virus in the blood to a minimum, preventing life-threatening complications.

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With the development of certain tumor diseases in the body (monocytic leukemia, lymphoma, kidney cancer, etc.), endogenous pyrogens, proteins that cause an increase in body temperature, are released into the blood. Fever in this case is difficult to treat with antipyretic drugs and is sometimes combined with paraneoplastic syndromes on the skin - black acanthosis of the body folds (for cancer of the breast, digestive organs, ovaries), erythema Darya (for cancer of the breast and stomach), as well as itching without a rash and any other reasons.

Source: depositphotos.com

Fever in hepatitis B and C is a consequence of intoxication of the body caused by damage to liver cells. Often, subfebrile condition is a sign of a sluggish form of the disease. Hepatitis in the initial stage is also accompanied by malaise, weakness, pain in the joints and muscles, yellowness of the skin, discomfort in the liver after eating. Early detection of such an intractable disease will avoid its transition to the chronic stage, and therefore reduce the risk of complications - cirrhosis or liver cancer.

Source: depositphotos.com

Helminthiasis (worm infestation)

Source: depositphotos.com

An increase in body temperature as a result of accelerating the body's metabolism also occurs with hyperthyroidism, a disorder associated with increased production of thyroid hormones. A body temperature of at least 37.3 ° C in case of illness is accompanied by excessive sweating, inability to endure heat, thinning hair, as well as increased anxiety, tearfulness, nervousness, absent-mindedness. Severe forms of hyperthyroidism can lead to disability and even death, therefore, with the above symptoms, it is better to consult a doctor and undergo an examination. Antithyroid drugs and healing methods will normalize the functioning of the thyroid gland: hardening, diet therapy, moderate exercise, yoga. In some cases, surgery may be required.

- this is a temperature at the level of 37-37.5 ° C for a long time. At the same time, a person may completely lack symptoms of any disease, and malaise may appear. We are talking about subfebrile temperature not when isolated cases of fever are recorded: this may be due to the individual characteristics of the body and the factors described above, but if subfebrile temperature is recorded in the temperature curve with measurements taken over many days in a row.

A true temperature increase is considered to be a temperature above 38.3 degrees.. Such a temperature is accompanied by very specific symptoms that correspond to a very specific disease. But prolonged low-grade fever is often the only sign to find out the cause of which you will have to run around the doctors.

The normal temperature of the human body is recognized as a temperature of 36.6 ° C, although for many, 37 ° C is fixed as a normal temperature. It is this temperature that is observed in a healthy organism: child or adult, male or female - it does not matter. This is not a stable static unchanging temperature, during the day it fluctuates in both directions depending on overheating, hypothermia, stress, time of day and biological rhythms. Therefore, temperatures from 35.5 to 37.4 ° C are considered the normal range.

Body temperature is regulated by the endocrine glands - the thyroid gland and the hypothalamus.. The receptors of the nerve cells of the hypothalamus respond to body temperature by changing the secretion of TSH, which regulates the activity of the thyroid gland. Thyroid hormones T3 and T4 regulate the intensity of metabolism, on which the temperature depends. In women, the hormone estradiol is involved in temperature regulation. With an increase in its level, the basal temperature decreases - this process depends on the menstrual cycle. In women, body temperature changes by 0.3-0.5 °C during the menstrual cycle. The highest rates of up to 38 degrees are observed between 15 and 25 days of a standard menstrual cycle of 28 days.

In addition to the hormonal background, temperature indicators are slightly affected by:

• physical exercise;
• food intake;
• in children: strong prolonged crying and active games;
• time of day: in the morning the temperature is usually lower (the lowest temperature is observed between 4-6 am), and in the evening it reaches a maximum (from 18 to 24 am - the period of max temperature);
• the temperature drops in the elderly.

Physiological fluctuations in thermometry during the day within 0.5-1 degrees are considered the norm.

Subfebrile condition does not belong to the normal state of the body and therefore the main question that is posed to the doctor is to identify the causes of the pathology. If the patient has recently been ill and treated for a long time, it is believed that the increase in temperature is associated with the recovery process. If there was nothing like that, then you have to look for the dysfunction that caused this symptom. For a more accurate detection of pathology, it is recommended to draw up a temperature curve, an analysis of well-being, and laboratory diagnostics.

Diseases that are characterized by subfebrile condition

Infectious causes of diseases

Infections are the most common cause of subfebrile condition. With the prolonged existence of the disease, the symptoms are usually erased and only subfebrile condition remains. The main causes of infectious subfebrile condition are:

• ENT diseases - sinusitis, tonsillitis, otitis media, pharyngitis, etc.
• Dental diseases and carious teeth including.
• Gastrointestinal diseases - gastritis, pancreatitis, colitis, cholecystitis, etc.
• Diseases of the urinary tract - pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis, etc.
• Diseases of the genital organs - inflammation of the appendages and prostatitis.
• Abscesses from injections.
• Non-healing ulcers in diabetic patients.

Autoimmune diseases

In autoimmune diseases, the body's immune system begins to attack its own cells, which causes chronic inflammation with periods of exacerbation. For this reason, body temperature also changes. The most common autoimmune pathologies:

• rheumatoid arthritis;
• systemic lupus erythematosus;
• Hashimoto's thyroiditis;
• Crohn's disease;
• diffuse toxic goiter.

To detect autoimmune diseases, tests for ESR, C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor, and some other examinations are prescribed.

Oncological diseases

In malignant tumors, subfebrile condition can be an early manifestation of the disease, 6 to 8 months ahead of its symptoms. In the development of subfebrile condition, the formation of immune complexes that trigger an immune response plays a role. However, an early rise in temperature is associated with the onset of production of a specific protein by the tumor tissue. This protein is found in blood, urine, and tumor tissue. If the tumor has not yet manifested itself in any way, the combination of subfebrile condition with specific changes in the blood has a diagnostic value. Often subfebrile condition accompanies chronic myeloid leukemia, lymphocytic leukemia, lymphoma, lymphosarcoma.

Other diseases

Can cause subfebrile condition and other diseases:

• autonomic dysfunction: disruption of the heart and cardiovascular system;
• dysfunction of the endocrine glands: hyperthyroidism and thyrotoxicosis (ultrasound of the thyroid gland and a blood test for hormones T3, T4, TSH, antibodies to TSH are detected);
• hormonal disorders;
• latent infection: Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus infection, herpetic infection;
• HIV infection (detected by ELISA and PCR);
• helminthiasis (detected by analysis of feces for worm eggs);
• toxoplasmosis (identified by ELISA);
• brucellosis (detected by PCR);
• tuberculosis (detected by Mantoux tests and fluorography);
• hepatitis (identified by ELISA and PCR);
• Iron-deficiency anemia;
• allergic reactions;
• thermoneurosis.

For infectious subfebrile condition are characteristic:

1. decrease in temperature under the action of an antipyretic;
2. poor temperature tolerance;
3. daily physiological fluctuations in temperature.

For non-infectious subfebrile condition are characteristic:

1. imperceptible flow;
2. lack of response to antipyretic;
3. no diurnal changes.

Safe subfebrile condition

1. Subfebrile temperature is completely safe during pregnancy, menopause and breastfeeding, which is simply a symptom of hormonal changes.
2. Up to two months and even six months, a temperature tail can persist after suffering infectious diseases.
3. Neurosis and stress may well provide a rise in temperature in the evenings. In this case, subfebrile condition will be accompanied by a feeling of chronic fatigue and general weakness.

Psychogenic subfebrile condition

Subfebrile condition, like any other processes in the body, is influenced by the psyche. With stress and neurosis, metabolic processes are primarily disturbed. Therefore, women often have unmotivated subfebrile fever. Stress and neuroses provoke an increase in temperature, and also excessive suggestibility (for example, about a disease) can affect the actual increase in temperature. In young women of the asthenic type, prone to frequent headaches and VVD, hyperthermia is accompanied by insomnia, weakness, shortness of breath, pain in the chest and abdomen.

To diagnose the condition, tests are prescribed to assess psychological stability:

• tests to detect panic attacks;
• scale of depression and anxiety;
• Beck scale;
• scale of emotional excitability,
• Toronto alexithymic scale.

According to the results of the tests, the patient is given a referral to a psychotherapist.

Medicinal subfebrile condition

Prolonged use of certain drugs can also cause subfebrile fever: adrenaline, ephedrine, atropine, antidepressants, antihistamines, antipsychotics, some antibiotics (ampicillin, penicillin, isoniazid, lincomycin), chemotherapy, narcotic painkillers, thyroxine preparations. Cancellation of therapy also relieves obsessive subfebrile condition.

Subfebrile condition in children

Of course, any parent will start to worry if their child has a fever every day in the evening. And rightly so, because in children, fever in some cases is the only symptom of the disease. The norm for subfebrile condition in children is:

• age up to a year (reaction to the BCG vaccine or unsteady processes of thermoregulation);
• the period of teething, when fever can be observed for several months;
• in children from 8 to 14 years old, due to critical growth phases.

About prolonged subfebrile condition, which occurs due to a violation of thermoregulation, they say if 37.0–38.0 ° in a child lasts more than 2 weeks, and the child at the same time:

• does not lose weight;
• examination shows the absence of diseases;
• all analyzes are normal;
• pulse rate is normal;
• temperature is not reduced by antibiotics;
• temperature is not reduced by antipyretics.

Often in children, the endocrine system is to blame for the increase in temperature. It often happens that in children with fever, the functionality of the adrenal cortex is impaired, and the immune system is weakened. If you draw a psychological portrait of children who have fever for no reason, then you get a portrait of an uncommunicative, suspicious, withdrawn, easily irritated child, whom any event can unsettle.

Treatment and the right lifestyle bring children's heat transfer back to normal. As a rule, after 15 years, few people have this temperature. Parents should organize the correct daily routine for the child. Children suffering from subfebrile condition should get enough sleep, walk and sit at the computer less often. Well trains thermoregulatory mechanisms hardening.

In older children, subfebrile temperature accompanies such frequent diseases as adenoiditis, helminthiasis, and allergic reactions. But subfebrile condition can also indicate the development of more dangerous diseases: cancer, tuberculosis, asthma, blood diseases.

Therefore, you should definitely consult a doctor if the child has a temperature of 37-38 ° C for more than three weeks. To diagnose and find out the causes of subfebrile condition, the following studies will be assigned:

• blood biochemistry;
• OAM, study of daily urine;
• feces on worm eggs;
• radiography of the sinuses;
• radiography of the lungs;
• electrocardiography;
• tuberculin tests;
• Ultrasound of internal organs.

If deviations are found in the analyzes, this will be the reason for referring narrow specialists for consultations.

How to measure the temperature in children

The temperature in children should not be measured immediately after waking up, after dinner, active physical activity, in an agitated state. At this time, the temperature may rise for physiological reasons. If the child is sleeping, resting or hungry, the temperature may drop.

When measuring temperature, you need to wipe the armpit dry and hold the thermometer for at least 10 minutes. Change thermometers periodically.

How to deal with subfebrile condition

To begin with, subfebrile condition should be diagnosed, because not every temperature increase in the specified range is precisely subfebrile condition. The conclusion about subfebrile condition is made on the basis of the analysis of the temperature curve, for the preparation of which temperature measurements are used 2 times a day at the same time - in the morning and in the evening. The measurements are carried out within three weeks, the results of the measurements are analyzed by the attending physician.

If the doctor diagnoses subfebrile condition, the patient will have to visit the following narrow specialists:

• otolaryngologist;
• cardiologist;
• infectiologist;
• phthisiatrician;
• endocrinologist;
• dentist
• oncologist.

Tests that will need to be passed to detect latent current diseases:

• UAC and OAM;
• blood biochemistry;
• cumulative urine samples and examination of daily urine;
• feces on worm eggs;
• blood for HIV;
• blood for hepatitis B and C;
• blood on RW;
• radiography of the sinuses;
• radiography of the lungs;
• otolaryngoscopy;
• tuberculin tests;
• blood for hormones;
• Ultrasound of internal organs.

Identification of deviations in any analysis becomes the reason for the appointment of a more in-depth examination.

Prevention measures

If the pathology in the body is not detected, you should pay close attention to the health of your body. To gradually bring thermoregulatory processes back to normal, you need:

• timely treat all foci of infection and emerging diseases;
• avoid stress;
• minimize the number of bad habits;
• observe the daily routine;
• get enough sleep in accordance with the needs of your body;
• exercise regularly;
• harden;
• walk more outdoors.

All these methods contribute to strengthening the immune system, training heat transfer processes.

Body temperature is an indicator of the thermal state of the body. Thanks to it, there is a reflection of the relationship between the production of heat by the internal organs, the heat exchange between them and the outside world. At the same time, temperature indicators depend on the age of a person, time of day, the impact of the outside world, health status and other characteristics of the body. So what should be the body temperature of a person?

People are used to the fact that with changes in body temperature it is customary to talk about a violation of health. Even with a slight hesitation, a person is ready to sound the alarm. But it's not always so sad. Normal human body temperature ranges from 35.5 to 37 degrees. In this case, the average in most cases is 36.4-36.7 degrees. I would also like to note that temperature indicators can be individual for each. The normal temperature regime is considered to be when a person feels completely healthy, able-bodied and there is no failure in metabolic processes.

What is the normal body temperature in adults also depends on what nationality the person is. For example, in Japan, it is kept at 36 degrees, and in Australia, the body temperature rises to 37 degrees.

It is also worth noting that the normal human body temperature can fluctuate throughout the day. In the morning it is lower, and in the evening it rises significantly. At the same time, its fluctuation during the day can be one degree.

Human temperature is divided into several types, which include:

1. lower body temperature. Her performance falls below 35.5 degrees. This process is called hypothermia;
2. normal body temperature. Indicators can range from 35.5 to 37 degrees;
3. elevated body temperature. It rises above 37 degrees. At the same time, it is measured in the armpit;
4. subfebrile body temperature. Its limits range from 37.5 to 38 degrees;
5. febrile body temperature. The indicators are from 38 to 39 degrees;
6. high or pyretic body temperature. It rises to 41 degrees. This is the critical body temperature, which leads to disruption of metabolic processes in the brain;
7. hyperpyretic body temperature. A lethal temperature that rises above 41 degrees and leads to death.

Also, the internal temperature is classified into other types in the form:

• hypothermia. When the temperature is below 35.5 degrees;
• normal temperature. It ranges from 35.5-37 degrees;
• hyperthermia. The temperature is above 37 degrees;
• feverish state. The indicators are raised above 38 degrees, while the patient has chills, blanching of the skin, marble mesh.

Rules for measuring body temperature

All people are used to the fact that, according to the standard, temperature indicators should be measured in the armpit. To perform the procedure, you must follow a few rules.

1. The armpit should be dry.
2. Then a thermometer is taken and gently shaken to a value of 35 degrees.
3. The tip of the thermometer is located in the armpit and is pressed tightly by the hand.
4. Keep it on for five to ten minutes.
5. After that, the result is evaluated.

With a mercury thermometer, you should be extremely careful. It must not be broken, otherwise the mercury will pour out and emit harmful fumes. It is strictly forbidden to give such things to children. Instead, you can have an infrared or electronic thermometer. Such devices measure the temperature in a matter of seconds, but the values ​​\u200b\u200bfrom mercury may differ.

Not everyone thinks that the temperature can be measured not only in the armpit, but also in other places. For example, in the mouth. With this method of measurement, normal indicators will be in the range of 36-37.3 degrees.

How to measure the temperature in the mouth? There are several rules.
To measure the temperature in the mouth, you need to be in a calm state for five to seven minutes. If there are dentures, braces or plates in the oral cavity, they should be removed.

After that, the mercury thermometer must be wiped dry and placed under the tongue on either side. To get the result, you need to hold it for four to five minutes.

It is worth noting that oral temperature differs significantly from measurements in the axillary zone. Temperature measurements in the mouth can show a result higher by 0.3-0.8 degrees. If an adult doubts the indicators, then a comparison should be made between the temperature obtained in the armpit.

If the patient does not know how to measure the temperature in the mouth, then you can follow the usual technology. During the procedure, it is worth observing the execution technique. The thermometer can be placed behind the cheek or under the tongue. But clamping the device with your teeth is strictly prohibited.

Decreased body temperature

After the patient has learned what temperature he has, you need to determine its nature. If it is below 35.5 degrees, then it is customary to talk about hypothermia.

The internal temperature may be low for several reasons, which include:

• weakened immune function;
• severe hypothermia;
• recent illness;
• diseases of the endocrine system;
• the use of certain drugs;
• low hemoglobin;
• failure in the hormonal system;
• presence of internal bleeding;
• intoxication of the body;
• chronic fatigue.

If the patient's internal temperature is greatly reduced, then he will feel weak, prostration and dizziness.
To increase the temperature at home, you need to put your feet in a hot foot bath or on a heating pad. After that, put on warm socks and drink hot tea with honey, an infusion of medicinal herbs.

If the temperature indicators decrease gradually and reach 35-35.3 degrees, then we can say:

• about simple overwork, strong physical exertion, chronic lack of sleep;
• about malnutrition or adherence to a strict diet;
• about hormonal imbalance. Occurs at the stage of gestation, with menopause or menstruation in women;
• on disorders of carbohydrate metabolism due to liver diseases.

Increased body temperature

The most common phenomenon is elevated body temperature. If it keeps at levels from 37.3 to 39 degrees, then it is customary to talk about an infectious lesion. When viruses, bacteria and fungi penetrate the human body, severe intoxication occurs, which is expressed not only in an increase in body temperature, but also in a runny nose, tearing, coughing, drowsiness, and deterioration in the general condition. If the internal temperature rises above 38.5 degrees, then doctors advise taking antipyretics.

The occurrence of temperature can be observed with burns and mechanical injuries.
In rare situations, hyperthermia is observed. This condition is caused by an increase in temperature indicators above 40.3 degrees. In such a situation, you need to call an ambulance as soon as possible. When the indicators reached 41 degrees, it is customary to talk about a critical condition that threatens the patient's future life. At a temperature of 40 degrees, an irreversible process begins to occur. There is a gradual destruction of the brain and deterioration of the internal organs.

If the internal temperature is 42 degrees, then the patient dies. There are cases when the patient experienced such a condition and survived. But their number is small.

If the internal temperature rises above the hole, then the patient manifests symptoms in the form of:

1. fatigue and weakness;
2. general morbid condition;
3. dry skin and lips;
4. mild or severe chills. Depends on temperature indicators;
5. pain in the head;
6. aches in muscle structures;
7. arrhythmias;
8. decrease and complete loss of appetite;
9. increased sweating.

Each person is individual. Therefore, everyone will have their own normal body temperature. Someone with indicators of 35.5 degrees feels normal, and when it rises to 37 degrees, it is already considered sick. For others, even 38 degrees may be the limit of the norm. Therefore, it is worth focusing also on the general condition of the body.