Male sterilization. Advantages and disadvantages of male sterilization (with prices and reviews)

Voluntary surgical sterilization of men is carried out as a effective protection from an unwanted pregnancy of a partner. The patient's spermatic cords are removed or ligated. The resulting obstruction prevents male germ cells from entering the sperm. Seminal fluid becomes sterile, but at the same time it appearance does not change, and testicular function is preserved.

Who is eligible for voluntary surgical sterilization?

A healthy man is capable of fertilization throughout his life. To prevent unwanted conception of a child, a couple needs effective contraception.

Voluntary surgical sterilization (VSS) is considered irreversible, economical and the most effective method protection against unwanted pregnancy.

According to the legislation of the Russian Federation, surgical intervention is carried out subject to mandatory conditions. These include:

• having two or more children;
• The man is over 35 years old.

Medical indications for surgical sterilization

When is DHS performed:

1. The presence of individual intolerance of a man to all methods of contraception: severe allergic reaction. The couple must have a mutual desire for the operation, since it is considered irreversible.
2. Identification of severe hereditary diseases, due to which the child may be born unhealthy. The parent's genotype is embedded in the baby's DNA. The operation protects the future generation from genetic pathology.
3. The patient's reluctance to have more children.

Contraindications

Like any surgical intervention, DHS cannot be performed in some cases. TO absolute contraindications relate:

• desire to have offspring;
• The partner is categorically against the operation.

Relative contraindications require prior treatment or monitoring of the condition. These include:

• bleeding;
• any acute illness, including infectious;
• exacerbation of chronic pathology.

Preparing for surgery

Before performing a vasectomy, the doctor prescribes a list of necessary diagnostic studies. What you need to go through:

1. Consultation and examination by a urologist.
2. Consultation with a therapist.
3. Spermogram.
4. Clinical analysis of blood and urine.
5. Blood chemistry.
6. Blood test for clotting.
7. Blood test for syphilis, HIV, hepatitis.
8. Determination of blood group and Rh factor.

Immediately before the operation, a man must be absolutely sure of his decision and choice of this method of contraception. Preparation for DHS includes:

1. Hair removal in the scrotal area.
2. Taking a shower.
3. Refusal bad habits– smoking and drinking alcohol 3-5 days before the intervention.
4. Sexual rest for 7 days before sterilization.

Technique for performing sterilization in men

During the initial consultation with a urologist, the doctor explains in detail how the procedure is performed. The principle of the operation is to stop the flow of sperm into the vas deferens. This can be done in two ways:

Excision of the spermatic cord

Held in inpatient conditions. The operation is performed under general anesthesia.

1. The intervention area is being processed antiseptic solution.
2. The surgeon cuts the skin of the scrotum on both sides to expose the vas deferens. The length of the surgical wound is small: only 2 cm.
3. The cords are cut and bandaged.
4. Finally, the specialist applies self-absorbing sutures.

Clamping of the seminal duct with a special mechanism

A medical clip is installed in the middle of the cord. The instrument is made of a special metal that cannot cause allergic reaction and will not oxidize. The device remains for life.

Complications and consequences of the operation

Experts are convinced that surgical sterilization has virtually no complications. However, sometimes men may complain of the following consequences:

• formation of edema on the genitals;
• the addition of an infection with the development of an inflammatory reaction;
• increased body temperature;
• the appearance of bruises under the skin;
• painful and uncomfortable sensations during sexual intercourse;
• recanalization of the ducts – independent restoration of fertility.

To prevent DHS from giving such reactions, the patient must correctly carry out postoperative period and strictly follow all the doctor’s recommendations.

Urologists say that surgical sterilization does not affect libido, orgasm or erectile function. After the procedure, the quality of sex does not change. The testicles continue to produce testosterone, and the hormonal balance is not disrupted.

After the operation, the patient does not lose his status as a full-fledged man. The volume of sperm does not decrease, it does not change color or consistency. All components of seminal fluid remain the same. The ejaculate only loses its ability to conceive.

Postoperative period

After sterilization, the patient must remain under medical supervision for 3-5 days. The doctor makes basic recommendations that need to be followed during the recovery period.

What do we have to do:

1. Do not lift heavy objects during the first weeks after DHS.
2. Do not shower in the first 48 hours after sterilization.
3. Use cold compress on the intervention area to prevent the development of swelling, hematoma or pain.
4. Abstain from sexual intercourse for at least 10 days.
5. Avoid physical activity for 7 days.
6. Maintain physical rest.
7. Conduct hygiene procedures so that water does not get on the surgical wound area.
8. Regularly treat the wound with an antiseptic solution recommended by your doctor.
9. If pain or discomfort occurs, take a pain reliever at intervals of 4–6 hours.
10. Don't drink alcohol.
11. Avoid long walks or cycling to prevent friction on the scrotum or pressure on the surgical site.

Fertility restoration by voluntary surgical sterilization

Voluntary surgical sterilization is considered an irreversible method of contraception. However, in 1–3% of patients, the seminal duct recovers on its own.

Sometimes a man regrets the operation he performed. This often happens after a divorce, a new marriage, or if you want to have more children. It is possible to restore fertility. This requires a complex intervention performed by a specially trained surgeon.

The success of such an operation cannot be guaranteed 100%. It depends on many factors:

• Recency of the event voluntary sterilization. During the first 5 years, fertility is more likely to be restored.
• Presence of sperm antibodies.
• The age of both partners. The older the man and woman, the less chance conceive a child.
• Method of performing a vasectomy. Recovery spermatic cords difficult after excision or cauterization. If medical clips were used, the success rate of the operation is 80%.

Cost of surgery in Russia and countries around the world

The price of voluntary surgical sterilization varies. The cost depends on the region, level medical institution, experience of the operating doctor. In Russia, DHS will cost a man 10–15 thousand rubles.

The operation is widely used not only in developed, but also developing countries. Its approximate price:

• USA – 2500 euros.
• Hungary – 1800 euros.
• Türkiye – from 1500 euros.
• Mexico – 800 euros.
• India – from 500 euros.

Voluntary surgical sterilization implies the onset of sterility in a man - the inability to have children. DHS does not affect sexual performance, sexual desire or orgasm.

In contact with

A woman becomes pregnant when a sperm reaches an egg. Any contraceptive method is aimed at preventing this process by limiting the flow of sperm. One of the most reliable methods is a vasectomy ( male sterilization).

The essence of this operation is that the vas deferens are removed, ligated or blocked, and thus sperm no longer leave the man’s body.

At the same time, all sexual functions - erection, libido and ejaculation in a man are preserved. Sperm is released, but there are no longer sperm in it, and therefore the possibility of pregnancy is prevented.

This is enough safe method of sterilization, however, it is worth considering that the consequences irreversible. After the operation, sperm continue to be produced by the testicles for a certain time, but do not end up in the ejaculate. However, after a few years their production stops forever. Therefore, the decision about such sterilization should be very mature and balanced.

10 facts about vasectomy

1. Total in 1% In cases of such an operation, the man’s reproductive functions may be restored, and the woman will be able to become pregnant. That is, the effectiveness of such an operation is very high percentage, which allows us to guarantee results.

2. A similar method of contraception irreversible, therefore, having performed such an operation only once, you will never have to use any other means of contraception again. This is especially true for a married couple who already have children and do not plan to have more.

3. Over the next 8 weeks after surgery, sperm are still in the vas deferens, and therefore you should not stop using conventional types of contraception during this time.

4. After the operation, at least two tests to determine whether sperm have exited the ducts.

5. In some cases, swelling, bruising and painful sensations in the scrotum area, and some men experience pain in the testicles.

6. When carrying out such an operation, like any other, which involves intervention in the body, inflammatory processes may begin.

7. Reversing such an operation is almost impossible, and therefore it is necessary to take such a decision very seriously.

8. It should also be remembered that such an operation in no way protects against sexually transmitted diseases. To protect yourself, you should continue to use a condom during sexual intercourse.

9. The operation itself is completely safe, but as in any other case, there may be contraindications. Therefore, it is necessary to first undergo an examination and consult a doctor.

10. The procedure takes place painless, since sedatives and anesthetics are administered before the operation.

A vasectomy is a form of birth control by sterilizing a man. During the operation, the vas deferens is blocked, removed or ligated. As a result, all sexual functions are preserved, the ovaries continue to perform their function of producing sperm for quite some time. long time, ejaculation occurs, but sperm no longer enters the semen. And over time, their production stops altogether. This way, sperm do not leave the man's body and cannot cause pregnancy.

The sperm themselves are absorbed back into the man’s body without causing any harm.

There are two main methods for performing this operation:

Incision

An anesthetic is injected into the pelvic area local action. The doctor then makes small incisions on both sides of the scrotum so that the vas deferens can be reached. In some cases, an additional cut down the center may be required. After which each of the pipes is blocked, and in most cases, part of it is also removed. After which the pipes are closed using one method - electricity, special clamps can be used for this, or they can simply be tied up.

No-Cut

This method involves the absence of a scalpel and cuts.

The entire procedure is carried out in one small puncture, which then heals very quickly.

The ducts are cauterized or ligated. As a result, there are no scars, stitches or any other traces left. This method is much less traumatic, since bleeding during the operation is significantly reduced, and the risk of infection and inflammation during the healing process is reduced.

Man before vasectomy

Before starting the procedure, the attending physician conducts a consultation and survey, in order to make sure that the decision was made or that it is necessary, and at the same time talk about all the necessary nuances. A clear confidence in carrying out a vasectomy is necessary, because the consequences will be irreversible.

Therefore, it is very important to understand that in the future it will not be possible to have children.

This procedure is best carried out if you already have children of your own. If suddenly any doubts arise, then it is better to resort to another, less radical means of contraception.

You should not make such an important decision in case of crisis situations or during major changes. Often such decisions arise when a child is just born or in the event of a termination of pregnancy. In order to decide on such a responsible step, you need to be in a calm and confident state and carefully weigh everything. It is advisable to first consult a psychotherapist.

It is also advisable to have the partner’s consent to such a procedure. This is not required by law, but is still highly recommended.

Also, if a man no 30 years and he has no children, the doctor may simply refuse to perform such an operation.

Although the age that is acceptable for a vasectomy is unlimited. Also, the clinic may refuse this procedure if it is not sure that it is carried out in the interests of the man. Of course, anyone can insist on having this operation, but sometimes this may require a significant additional payment.

The wait for the operation usually does not take long, especially if it is performed private clinic. No special preparation is required for this. Only a standard medical examination is required.

Man after vasectomy

Recovery occurs quite quickly. In some cases, there may be pain, swelling, and bruising in the scrotal area for several days after surgery. Sometimes during ejaculation you can find traces of blood - this is normal and acceptable.

However, if pain or bleeding do not go away long enough, you need to consult a doctor.

Sometimes the pain is very severe and you may need to take painkillers.

Particular attention should be paid underwear, which the man will wear after the operation. It should support the scrotum both during the day and at night. In this way, discomfort can be significantly reduced. It is also necessary to change your underwear daily.

You can take a shower or bath immediately after surgery, but you should further consult your doctor on this issue. Wipe after water procedures the scrotum needs to be treated gently, carefully and carefully.

Within one or two days you can return to the normal rhythm of life and go to work. However, during the recovery period, at least for a week, you should refrain from performing physical activity and lifting weights. Otherwise, there is a certain risk of complications.

You can have sex almost immediately, but it’s better to wait a few days.

And in the first months after the operation, it is necessary to use additional methods of contraception, since there are still sperm in the vas deferens. Their final release occurs after about 20-30 ejaculations. During this period, special tests are carried out to determine the presence of sperm in the semen.

Only when such tests indicate final sterilization can other types of contraception be abandoned.

In exceptional cases, the sterilization process can be reversed, but this is usually done shortly after the operation. And even then similar procedure may have no effect.

• According to statistics, the success of vasectomy reversal is early stages appeal amounts to about 50%.
• If the period was longer - about 10 years, then this probability decreases up to 25%.

Therefore, it is worth considering everything very carefully possible consequences before deciding to have a vasectomy.

Side effects

Possible complications after a vasectomy are quite rare. Basically, these are risks associated with inflammatory processes. Moreover, the likelihood of inflammation is much lower when the operation is performed without an incision.

Signs of an inflammatory process:

• Heat.
• Bloody or purulent discharge at the site of the incision or puncture.
• Severe pain or swelling.

Other possible complications:

• Bruising and hematomas. As a rule, they go away on their own after some time. In some cases, additional medical assistance may be needed.
• Edema with fluid content, arising in the testicular area. It is necessary to provide heat in this case. Typically, this swelling goes away after a week, in some cases it is removed by a doctor using a puncture and removal of fluid.
• Pain and discomfort. Most often it goes away on its own, but in in rare cases acquires chronic nature. You may need to take painkillers.
• In extremely rare cases, cut ends of tubing may grow together, which can lead to pregnancy.
• May occur in 4 out of 1000 cases loss of erection. However, almost always this is more psychological than physiological in nature.

Advantages and disadvantages

pros vasectomy:

• Guarantee protection from unwanted pregnancy for the rest of your life.
• No influence on hormonal levels.
• Are saved All male sexual functions.
• None external changes.
• No complications for the body.
• Opportunity prevent transmission hereditary disease or illness.

Minuses vasectomy:

• Irreversibility this procedure, even if the decision not to have children in the future has changed.
• The occurrence of certain risks related to the operation.

Vasectomy (sterilization) is surgical intervention, in which there is ligation or removal of part of the vas deferens connecting urethra with testicles (can be seen in the photo). After the operation, men do not have a lack of erection and ejaculation, which makes it possible to continue to conduct sex life. The testicles do not lose their functions, and sperm, when released, has a normal appearance. The only difference is that there are no sperm in the ejaculate.

The duration of the operation is 15-20 minutes, and hospitalization is not required after a vasectomy. It is carried out only on the basis of voluntary consent. And do not confuse vasectomy with castration, in which the testicles are completely removed and there is no sperm as such.

Who needs sterilization?

Doctors usually recommend a vasectomy for men who have children and no longer want to reproduce. Sterilization is also recommended for people with severe hereditary or chronic mental illnesses. In addition, vasectomy should be done for men whose wives are contraindicated for any reason. medical reasons. Before having a vasectomy, you should think carefully about your action, as the consequences may be irreversible.

Advantages and disadvantages of sterilization

The advantages of a vasectomy are as follows:

• Men's and female sterilization used as effective method contraception. Because sperm loses its functional properties After a vasectomy, it is impossible to conceive a child.
• The effectiveness of this operation is 98%.
• After the operation, the quality of sexual life does not deteriorate. The body performs all functions in the same mode as before sterilization.
• All surgical interventions take place on the surface of the male genital organ, so the percentage of complications is reduced to zero.
• According to Western doctors, vasectomy is used as a way to slow down aging. male body due to increased hormonal activity of the reproductive system.

The consequences and disadvantages of sterilization are as follows:

• The method includes the possibility of irreversibility of the process (in 40% of all cases, the sperm is never replenished with sperm)
• Periodic, short-term postoperative pain
• Contraception should be used for three months after a vasectomy.
• Risk medical error or a negative reaction of the body to anesthesia during surgery
• Male sterilization does not protect against sexually transmitted diseases
• Sperm can restore its functions due to the resumption of the passage of the vas deferens

Male sterilization operation

The vasectomy process takes place under local anesthesia. The doctor makes two layer-by-layer incisions in the membranes of the testicles and scrotum, and then cuts the vas deferens. Preparation for surgery includes:

• Blood and urine laboratory tests
• Testing for diseases such as AIDS, hepatitis and syphilis
• Urological examination

Probability of restoration of fertility

Vasectomy reversal is a surgical procedure, after which there is a possibility of returning the ability to conceive children, sperm returns its functional properties. But this happens under the conditions that no more than 5 years have passed since sterilization, and there is no malfunction in the body. Vasectomy reversibility occurs in 60% of cases, but this depends on the quality of the operation and the professional skills of the surgeon. After 10 years, the probability of recovery drops to 20%.

Vasectomy Side Effects and Complications

As in all other cases of surgical intervention, male sterilization may cause unpleasant consequences: arise side effects. Firstly, you need to remember that in 40% of cases, vasectomy in men is irreversible, that is, the sperm completely loses its properties. This means that before resorting to this operation, you should think about what consequences may arise. Reputable clinics provide free consultations on this issue, where you can get answers to exciting topics. Secondly, male sterilization does not protect against sexually transmitted infections, so if frequent changes partners should use a condom. Thirdly, a man may be among those 2% for whom surgery did not bring the expected results and the semen continues to contain sperm. In this case, it is necessary to repeat the operation.

Any surgical intervention can have unpleasant consequences, vasectomy is no exception. Complications during male sterilization may include the following:

• swelling in the incision area
• wound infection
• accumulation of blood in the scrotum area
• the appearance of swelling of the scrotum and genitourinary organ
• chills in the testicular area
• increase in temperature after surgery

Vasectomy: cost of surgery

In our country, vasectomy surgery is not a novelty, however, it is not performed in all clinics. When choosing a medical institution for male sterilization, you need to pay attention to the qualifications of the doctor, the reputation of the clinic itself and the quality of service. The price of the operation can be very diverse.

However, a man's desire to have a reverse vasectomy can be much more expensive. The cost of such an operation will increase significantly.

Male sterilization (vasectomy) is a simple, inexpensive and reliable method male contraception. Vasectomy is becoming more and more popular around the world. The reason for the popularity of the method is its advantages over other methods of contraception.

Benefits of a vasectomy:

• The effectiveness of the method is more than 99%.
• Does not complicate lovemaking, does not reduce sexual sensations.
• The method is reliable and permanent. The operation is performed 1 time.
• The operation is simple and widespread (for example, half a million men are operated on annually in the USA).
• Does not affect libido, erection and orgasm (as the testicles continue to produce testosterone). Hormonal background is saved. Sperm volume does not decrease (since sperm occupy only about 1% of semen volume).

Male sterilization methods

1 option. The vas deferens, located on both sides of the scrotum, are fixed, and the surgical site is infiltrated with a one percent novocaine solution. The skin and muscle layer are cut above the vas deferens, the duct is isolated, ligated and transected. Each section can be cauterized or electrocoagulated. For greater reliability, it is possible to remove a segment of the vas deferens.

Option 2. The vas deferens are divided without ligation (called an open-end vasectomy) and cauterized or electrocoagulated to a depth of 1.5 cm. A fascial layer is then applied to close the crossed ends.

Option 3. The idea is that to release the vas deferens, a puncture is used rather than an incision. After local anesthesia a specially designed ring-shaped clamp is applied to the vas deferens without opening the layer. Then, using a sharp-tipped clamp, a small incision is made in the skin and wall of the vas deferens, the duct is isolated and occluded.

Is there temporary male sterilization?

What is temporary male sterilization? Reversibility of male sterilization remains in the first 5 years after surgery

Currently voluntary surgical contraception or sterilization(FCP) is the most common method of family planning in both developed and developing countries. DHS is an irreversible, most effective method of preventing pregnancy not only for men, but also for women, and at the same time the safest and most economical method of contraception.

Frequent use of local anesthesia with minor sedative effect, improved surgical techniques and better qualifications medical personnel- all this has contributed to increasing the reliability of the DHS over the past 10 years. When performing DHS in postpartum period experienced staff under local anesthesia, a small skin incision and improved surgical instruments The length of stay of a woman in labor in the maternity hospital does not exceed the usual length of bed days. A suprapubic minilaparotomy (usually performed 4 or more weeks after birth) can be performed in outpatient setting under local anesthesia, as with the laparoscopic method of surgical sterilization.

Vasectomy remains a simpler, more reliable and less expensive method of surgical contraception than sterilization in women, although the latter remains the more popular method of preventing pregnancy.

Ideally, a couple should consider using both irreversible methods of contraception. If female and male sterilization were equally acceptable, vasectomy would be preferred.

For the first time, surgical contraception began to be used to improve health, and later - based on broader considerations. In almost all countries, sterilization operations are performed according to special medical indications, which include uterine rupture, several previous caesarean sections and with other contraindications for pregnancy (for example, serious cardiovascular disease, multiple births and a history of serious gynecological complications).

Vasectomy

Vasectomy or male sterilization involves blocking the vas deferentia (vasa deferentia) to prevent the passage of sperm. Vasectomy is the most common, simplest, easiest to perform, inexpensive and reliable method of male contraception.

Mortality after sterilization is extremely rare - approximately 1 case fatal outcome per 300,000 operations performed.

Laboratory tests before sterilization should only be carried out in special cases. A study of hemoglobin content and determination of blood clotting is usually recommended. In most cases, surveys and objective examination the patient is sufficient to perform the operation.

Pregnancy may result from recanalization of the vas deferens, improper operation (occlusion of another structure), or, in rare cases, the presence congenital anomaly in the form of a duplication of vasa deferentia, which remained unidentified during surgery.

The method's failure rate is approximately 0.1 to 0.5% during the first year, similar to female sterilization.

Traditional vasectomy method

Immediately before the operation, the area of ​​the scrotum and penis is cleaned with soap and water, and the areas of the perineum, scrotum and upper thighs are treated accordingly with aqueous iodide or 4% chlorhexidine solution.

When performing this operation Special attention attention should be paid to observing the rules of asepsis.

The vas deferens, located on both sides of the scrotum, are fixed with an atraumatic instrument or fingers; the surgical site along with the perivasal tissue is infiltrated with a 1% lidocaine solution.

An incision in the skin and muscle layer is made over the vas deferens, which is isolated, ligated and, in most cases, divided through this small incision (see figure). After isolating and crossing the duct, both ends are fused to a depth of 1 cm in each direction by inserting a needle electrode or thermal cautery into the lumen.

Some surgeons, after isolation, ligate the ducts with non-absorbent or absorbent material without cutting it. The same is done on the other side.

It should be pointed out that sperm accumulates in the terminal parts of the crossed ducts with the development of an inflammatory granuloma after ligation more often than with other methods of vasectomy, which is the cause of frequent cases of “contraceptive failure”. To be on the safe side, removal of a small segment of the vas deferens is recommended, although this is not considered necessary.

A vasectomy is usually performed under local anesthesia. After fixing the duct, an incision is made in the anesthetized area and the duct is pulled out through the wound. A vasectomy can be performed using one or two incisions.

Vasectomy modifications

One modification of vasectomy consists of cutting the vasa without ligation (open end vasectomy) and electrocoagulating their abdominal ends to a depth of 1.5 cm. A fascial layer can then be applied to cover the crossed ends of the vasa deferentia. This modification makes it possible to reduce the likelihood of developing congestive epididymitis. It is important to note that, if necessary, performing an operation to restore the patency of the vas deferens becomes an easier task than after fulfiling both ends of the crossed segments of the duct. The wounds are closed with an absorbent suture.

A vasectomy can also be performed through a single skin incision, which is made in the midline of the scrotum. In some cases, the skin wound is not sutured. The patient is discharged from the clinic within 15-30 minutes after the operation.

No-scalpel vasectomy (Chinese method)

In some countries they use the so-called. no-scalpel vasectomy method. This method consists in the fact that to release the vas deferens, they resort to puncture, and not to cutting the skin and muscle layer of the scrotum with a scalpel. This approach significantly reduces the likelihood of complications from vasectomy, especially hematoma.

The method of no-scalpel, bloodless vasectomy was first proposed in 1974 in China, where 8 million men were performed with no-scalpel vasectomy. No-scalpel vasectomy is the standard vasectomy technique in China.

After local anesthesia of the relevant area of ​​the scrotum, a specially designed ring-shaped clamp is applied to the vas deferens without opening the skin layer. The second instrument, a dissecting forceps with a sharp end, is used to puncture and make a small incision in the skin and wall of the vas deferens. The duct is isolated and occluded in an appropriate manner. The same is done on the opposite side.

You can also use the monopuncture method of scalpelless vasectomy, in which the puncture is performed in the midline of the scrotum almost bloodlessly. Only a sterile bandage is used to cover the wound.

The duct is grasped with a special ring clamp and the skin along with its membrane is pierced with a pointed clamp. Next, using clamps, a hole is made through which the duct is pulled out.

Consequences of a vasectomy

In approximately 1/2-2/3 of cases, men develop sperm antibodies after surgery, but there is no reliable data on any pathological consequences the specified process.

Contraindications to vasectomy

Absolute contraindications:

In general, a vasectomy should not be performed if a man:

1. Intends to have a child;
2. was informed about a vasectomy, but remains unsure about the desire to have children in the future;
3. sick active infectious disease sexually transmitted, hernia or occurs painful swelling testicles;
4. did not discuss the issue of vasectomy with your sexual partner or the partner is categorically against vasectomy.

Relative contraindications:

Special care is required:

1. If the man has any bleeding or uncontrolled diabetes. Such conditions require treatment and management BEFORE undergoing a vasectomy;
2. if the man is not married, has no children, has marital problems, or has not discussed the issue of a vasectomy with his wife.

While none of these factors preclude having a vasectomy, they will go a long way toward being satisfied with your choice. Ideally, surgical sterilization should be a joint decision between the man and woman. If one partner is against a vasectomy, the man is likely to regret his decision.

Preparing for a vasectomy

1. Before the operation, you must be absolutely sure of your decision and choice of surgical contraception, which is an irreversible method of preventing pregnancy. Before having a vasectomy, you can reverse your decision at any time.
2. Before surgery, you should clean the scrotal area by removing hair and taking a bath or shower.
3. After surgery, avoid long periods of walking or cycling to prevent friction on the scrotum or pressure on the surgical area.
4. Avoid physical exertion for the first 48 hours after surgery.
5. If necessary, a cold compress (applying an ice pack) may be applied to the surgical area to prevent swelling, bleeding, or development of pain or discomfort. After a vasectomy, the use of scrotal suspensors is recommended for the first two days.
6. Avoid heavy physical work(weight lifting, etc.) during the first week after surgery.
7. Do not take a bath or shower for the first 2 days after surgery.
8. You can resume sexual intercourse 2-3 days after surgery. remember, that complete absence sperm in the ejaculate in most cases is achieved only after 20 ejaculations, so until this point, condoms or other methods of contraception should be used to reliably protect against pregnancy. To confirm the absence of sperm in the semen, it is recommended laboratory test ejaculate after 20 ejaculations.
9. If pain or discomfort occurs, take painkillers at intervals of 4-6 hours (check the name and dose with your doctor).
10. After surgery, pain and swelling may appear in the scrotum area; The color of the scrotum may change. All this is considered normal and should not bother you. If bleeding develops or the following complaints occur, you should consult a doctor immediately.

Postoperative complications:

• Increased body temperature;
• bleeding or discharge of pus from the surgical wound;
• severe pain or significant swelling of the scrotum.

Vasectomy reversibility

Voluntary surgical sterilization should be considered an irreversible method of contraception, but despite this, many patients require restoration of fertility, which is a common occurrence after divorces and remarriages, the death of a child or the desire to have another child. You need to pay special attention to the following:

• Restoring fertility after DHS is one of the most difficult surgical operations requiring special training of a surgeon;
• in some cases, restoration of fertility becomes impossible due to the patient’s advanced age, the presence of infertility in a spouse, or the impossibility of performing an operation, the reason for which is the method of sterilization performed;
• the success of the reversibility of the operation is not guaranteed even if there are appropriate indications and a highly qualified surgeon;
• the surgical method of restoring fertility (for both men and women) is one of the most expensive operations.

After a vasectomy, the effectiveness of microsurgical surgery to restore fertility is 16-79% (on average about 50%). The rate of restoration of the presence of sperm in the ejaculate corresponds to 81-98%, which is not considered an indicator of the effectiveness of the operation, since its desired outcome is pregnancy. The success of pregnancy may depend on:

1. How long ago did you have a vasectomy?
2. presence of sperm antibodies;
3. age of the patient or his spouse;
4. method of vasectomy.

Based on the above, vasectomy should be considered an irreversible method of contraception, although improvements in microsurgical techniques have increased the effectiveness of fertility restoration operations.