home Folk remedies Engaged in employment of disabled people. Work for a disabled person: where to look, available options, design recommendations

Engaged in employment of disabled people. Work for a disabled person: where to look, available options, design recommendations

In order to protect the rights of people with disabilities to employment, the state undertakes large enterprises create special quota jobs. This is done to ensure normal work activity. In this regard, it would be rational to answer several questions from applicants.

Which companies are required to hire people with disabilities?

By law, enterprises with more than 100 employees are required to allocate from 2% to 4% of jobs from total number working. Exactly what percentage will be at the enterprise depends on local authorities. She issues a corresponding resolution. For example, in Moscow and the Moscow region it is 2%, and in the Rostov region – 4%. Therefore, it is worth focusing on large companies as a potential employer.

Are there similar quotas for smaller enterprises?

Unfortunately, by law, companies with an average number of workers of less than 100 people are not subject to quotas. But many of them employ disabled people on a voluntary basis. Remember that you do not have the right to be refused due to disability directly, only from the point of view professional qualities. Therefore, do not despair if there are few large organizations in your locality.

What conditions is the employer required to create?

Quota place this differs from the voluntary employment of a disabled person, which creates all the working conditions prescribed in the rehabilitation card. This could be: complete or partial re-equipment of the workplace, purchase of special equipment and materials, creation of an additional cell in the toilet room and on parking space. In addition, he is obliged to comply with a light schedule and additional days sick leave, vacation.

Who exactly regulates the quota process?

An agreement is created between the employer and local social protection authorities, on the basis of which control takes place. It is reviewed once a year. On its basis, the organization issues an order, which contains data on the number of places, job titles and responsibilities of such employees.

In addition, the employer reports on the fulfillment of quotas to the employment center. If there are violations, he will be subject to a fine (up to 10 thousand rubles).

Where to look for vacancies?

The main sources of proposals remain government bodies, such as the employment center and the social protection department. The first is engaged in employment of all categories of unemployed citizens.

To use the services of the central service center, you need to be unemployed and collect a standard package of documents (passport, work book, income statement for the last quarter, educational documents, personal account statement and rehabilitation card).

Your responsibilities will also include visiting the labor exchange twice a month. During this time, inspectors will look for work for you, and you will be able to get financial assistance.

The second option is an independent search via the Internet. Register on the most popular websites and post your resume there. This way it will be available to employers. In addition, you will be able to send it after seeing interesting offer.

Some sites have special sections or filters for people with disabilities. For example: on hh.ru in the advanced search there is a filter “Hide vacancies that are not available to people with disabilities.” And if you type it into search keywords, according to the “disabled” type, you can also get into good propositions.

Try registering on this portal https://dislife.ru/employment. Job vacancies are not updated as often, but they are all suitable for people with physical limitations. You can also find a lot there useful information on the topic of employment.

When registering a group, citizens of working age need professional rehabilitation. It includes mastering a new specialty, employment and psychological support in a new place. Therefore, work for disabled people is not only a way to earn money, but an opportunity to combat social isolation.

In 2019, about 13 million people with disabilities were registered in the Russian Federation, 30% of them are people of working age. According to the structure of these 4.3 million citizens, 2/3 are men, 1/3 are women. E. I. Kholostova in her monograph about social work with this category of citizens noted the importance of their involvement in labor and social activities with support at the state level.

Measures to help people with disabilities should include the following:

professional training;
setting incentive quotas for enterprises;
targeted employment in specially designated places;
payment of subsidies to small enterprises;
registration of tax benefits for enterprises.

In addition to placing disabled people in existing organizations at the state level, measures should be taken to provide employment at home, including remotely, self-employment with preferential taxation. This will allow persons with chronic diseases not only earn money, but also structure your time, maintain communication with other people.

Among citizens of non-working age, about 8 million people have a disability group. Some of them have just crossed the retirement line. Such employees can still organize part-time work in favorable conditions.

Rights of people with disabilities in the workplace

Regardless of the degree of impairment of body functions, there are general provisions, supported by legislation in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, regarding the employment or further activities of a disabled person. At the employer level, HR specialists conduct special office work – personnel records. Here are the main rights of such employees:

The boss does not have the right to involve a disabled person in hazardous and hazardous work. hazardous conditions, if such a restriction is specified in individual program rehabilitation.
Working night shifts, holiday shifts, any overtime work are possible only after the written consent of the citizen and absence medical contraindications to such working conditions. The employee has the right to refuse such an offer and must be made aware of this right in writing. This will not lead to disciplinary action, since maintaining health for a person with a chronic disease is a priority.
A pensioner has the right to paid leave from 30 calendar days per year and unpaid for up to 60 days with job retention.
A disabled person has the right to receive a tax deduction in the amount of up to 3,000 rubles per year.
If a citizen hides his disability from his employer, the latter is exempt from implementing an individual rehabilitation program.

If a working citizen has been examined by ITU ( medical and social examination) and remained in his place, he has the right to notify the employer of the commission’s recommendations regarding changes in working conditions

He should not bring into the organization ITU certificate(medical and social examination), an individual rehabilitation program with recommendations is sufficient. Based on this information, conditions may change employment contract By mutual consent.

Labor rehabilitation

If we consider labor recommendations for people with disabilities, it is easy to notice that they differ depending on the degree of limitation of the basic functions of the body. For persons with group 3, compliance is provided general rules during employment and a ban on a working week of more than 40 hours. If the individual program specifies less work time (for example, 35 hours), the employer does not have the right to insist on longer duration shifts and reduce wages.

Disabled people of groups 1 and 2 have the right to work in specially created conditions. By default, the duration of work per week should not exceed 35 hours, distributed evenly across all working days. If the individual program specifies a shift duration of 2-3 hours, a person with a chronic illness should not seek work with greater load.

It is indeed not easy for a disabled person of the first group to find a job, but a citizen can count on getting a job if he has a sought-after profession and experience (for example, a programmer) or apply for simple activities that do not require significant physical stress (for example, gluing bags, assembling pens).

Where to look for work

If a citizen receives a disability with work recommendations and cannot get a job on his own, he should contact the employment center. If necessary, he will be sent for retraining. This will help the disabled person obtain a new qualification and suitable job.

What is employment in quota jobs?

In large companies it is possible to create specially equipped workplaces for employing persons with disabilities. When the number of employees in any organization increases to 35 or more people, the employer has the right to open so-called quota jobs. These are vacancies that a person with a disability can come and find employment in.

Under special employees equip places and premises

As the staff grows, the number of quota places increases in proportion to the total number of employees. Companies with a staff of 100 or more people are required to hire people with disabilities, regardless of their form of ownership. The peculiarity of such jobs is that after their creation, the boss can no longer “get rid of” them; this is not provided for by law. He is obliged to send information about the availability of such vacancies to employment centers.

Thus, in Moscow, information about the formation of a company with places for disabled people should be sent to the state Quota Center within a month after its registration in tax service. In addition, the employer is required to regularly submit reports to the employment service settlement. He states in the document:

company data and internal regulations;
number of employees and number of quota places;
available vacancies for disabled people with detailed description;
social guarantees.

If an official is late in submitting a report, refuses employment to a disabled person, or fails to meet a quota, he is fined. Mandatory creation of quota jobs is not required for public associations disabled people and organizations formed with their funds. When reducing the organization's staff, places for disabled people cannot be offered to employees who do not have a group.

Work from home

Persons with diseases of the musculoskeletal system, vision, nervous system can work at home. Such remote work eliminates the need to commute to the office every day, which helps save time and money. Large companies they recruit disabled people of the second and third groups as call center operators with official registration of workers.

For example, banks offer disabled people to conduct sales, advise clients on products, and fill out reporting forms. For such work via the Internet, you need competent communication skills, use of a browser, and free time. If a citizen is independently looking for any home-based work for group 2 disabled people, search engines will offer vacancies upon request:

copywriter;
site moderator;
group administrator in in social networks;
travel or insurance agent.

Job fairs

At the city and district level, so-called job fairs are held at employment centers. At these events, people with disabilities meet potential employers. In 60% of cases, applicants manage to find work at home or in production. In addition to presenting jobs, disabled people with employment experience present at the fairs.

Pensioners working from home can get jobs as dispatchers in delivery services and taxis

Applicants are disappointed by the fact that about 90% of the presented vacancies are simple specialties for people without higher education: wardrobe attendant, cleaner, cook, cutter or seamstress, driver. Job offers are much less common in educational organizations, medicinal and government agencies, which require legal, pedagogical education, and good computer knowledge.

These events are useful for disabled people of retirement and pre-retirement age who are looking for simple part-time employment. Remuneration in such conditions is low; it can often be regarded as an increase in pension. The greatest value is being busy, communicating with other people and developing an active life position.

If a disabled person does not find a job he likes at the fair, he can use the job banks. They are located on regional Internet resources. To search in the form window, the user should enter the name of the specialty, region, requirements for wages. A disabled person also has the right to offer himself as an employee. To do this, you should fill out a form and open it for potential employers. If a citizen decides to stop using the resource, he will delete his data.

After employment, a disabled person has the right to count on the support of a psychologist to adapt to new conditions and colleagues. You can get help in large clinics at your place of residence, employment centers, centers social services population. Employment of disabled people not only improves their material well-being, but also partially solves the problem social rehabilitation.

Wide use The Internet allows you not to limit your search to visiting an employment center and consider only options for working in person in the office or production. The creation of quota places helps people with chronic diseases find employment comfortably. Working from home for disabled people is convenient in terms of mastering a new profession with the possibility of independent learning and further career growth.

Working for a disabled person is a pressing problem for many. Limited physical capabilities do not allow a person to have a successful career or achieve success in business. Although... Why isn't this allowed? Today the portal intends to debunk this myth. We will help you find possible options employment and tell you how to take the first steps in this direction.

Working for a disabled person: how realistic is it?

We should start a conversation on this topic with the fact that there are no hopeless situations. It doesn’t matter where you live: in a metropolis or a village in Siberia. You can find a use for yourself anywhere. This has been proven in practice not only by people with disabilities, but also by pensioners, mothers of many children and students. All these people successfully work according to a schedule convenient for them at home or in organizations that provide jobs.

Work for disabled people at home, subject to availability home computer and connecting to the Internet is not a problem

Perhaps the most problematic issue is work for the visually impaired. Indeed, this is not easy, but there is a way out and there are organizations ready to help solve the problem.

In a word, if you have the opportunity to occupy at least a semi-sitting position, move your hands, hear and see, you can find a job. So stop complaining about the lack of funds - let's make money!

Let's start with official sources

The first thing you should do is contact the employment center at your place of residence. Indeed, there was a period when employment centers practically stopped providing real help for employment. Now the situation is changing rapidly in better side. Employers are legally required to provide information about the availability of vacancies to the employment service.

In addition, there are government programs on employment of citizens with disabilities physical capabilities, which means the employment center is obliged to help you. With the support of government agencies, special jobs for people with disabilities are created in organizations and enterprises, and the institutions themselves receive tax benefits. So it turns out that the employer is interested in hiring you. This is not a favor or charity - this is a normal procedure in which the company receives an able-bodied and responsible employee, and even tax benefits, and a disabled person gets a job that he is able to cope with. When hiring such an employee, the organization is obliged to provide him with special workplace equipment and Free access to the place of work.

What documents do you need to prepare for a visit to the employment service:

work book, if available;
passport;
diploma or certificate of education;
documents confirming disability.

Don't be upset if you aren't offered a job right away. Ask a specialist at the employment center about the availability of retraining courses, perhaps they will help you learn a new profession. Work for disabled people of group 3 can be found in the service and trade sectors. Jobs for disabled people of group 2 include positions as PC operators, accountants, and dispatchers.

Work options for disabled people at home

Where else can you find employment vacancies? There are many options, let's consider them in more detail.

The second source of information about vacancies is advertisements in your city. Start by looking at local advertisements in local newspapers and on the pages of the Avito, Hh.ru, Youla.ru websites.

By the way, look not only at vacancies. Explore the range of service offerings on these sites. Think, maybe you can offer some unique services and make money on it? For example, if you are a confident computer user, why not suggest individual training Computer literacy for pensioners at home? Nowadays there is a computer in every home, and people of the older generation are just beginning to master the most simple programs and the Internet.

Freelance exchanges

Another source of possible vacancies is freelance exchanges. Even if you don’t have any special skills, but have a great desire to learn, you will find a suitable activity. There are text exchanges that offer jobs to those who can write texts. The most popular of them are ETXT.ru, advego.ru and text.ru. Don't expect to be able to make decent money here from day one. But a month or two will pass, you will gain a rating with conscientious work, gain experience and be quite able to provide yourself with bread and butter.

By the way, you can make money on freelance exchanges not only by writing texts. Here you can sell unique photographs, contract layout and design. There is work here even for disabled people of group 1, it would be possible to operate a computer.

Home-based work for people with disabilities: sales and advertising

You can work from home as a sales or advertising agent. The task is not difficult - you need to visit different forums and websites and place posts on them advertising the product. The most common employers in this area are clothing and cosmetics chain stores.

In addition to this option, there is the opportunity to work as an operator in some online store. The work is not difficult - call the customer of the goods, discuss delivery conditions or give simple advice.

Tutoring

Work for disabled people at home via the Internet can also be in the field of education. If you have education and experience in any field, you can easily earn extra money by tutoring or teaching. A common type of income is writing coursework and scientific works to order. You can give lessons and give lectures via the Internet via Skype.

If you have some editing skills and a video camera, you can easily record your lectures and sell them online or make money by creating your own channel on Youtube.

Handmade

If you have the opportunity to make something, study the demand for products. They can be made to order or sold through the same ad sites or specialized sites for hand-made works. Nowadays, manual labor is especially valued, so your paintings, embroidery, wood carving or beadwork will quickly find their buyer. Such income can hardly be called permanent, but it brings real income.

How to avoid falling into the trap of scammers

Unfortunately, there are many people who want to profit from your problems. They are waiting for you behind the catchy phrases of advertisements and in the lines of enticing promises of quick money. If you are offered to pay when hiring, refuse this offer. Especially if you need to transfer money to an electronic wallet. Sticking different stamps and assembling pens is also a deception. Be extremely careful. Decent employers do not require employees to invest money in their business.

Work for people with disabilities: opportunities without limits

Don't expect someone to come and solve your problems for you. No one will specifically look for a job for you. Do you want to live with dignity? Look for a job on your own. Don't be afraid to try different types activity, not everyone is lucky enough to immediately find their calling.

The key to success is the desire for constant development. Learn and master new things, experiment. Don't be afraid to stand up for your rights.

If you have a lucky or bad experience job search - share it in the comments, your information will help many people!

There is such a thing as socially vulnerable segments of the population, which includes people who are disabled different group disability. This category of citizens is no different from the rest and has equal rights, in particular the right to work.

Can disabled people work?

Disability is not a death sentence and people who have limited abilities should not have their rights limited. This also applies to the right to work, which is enshrined in the Constitution. Modern development production technologies and achievements in the field of progress have made possible appearance new jobs, of a qualitatively different type, where significant physical effort is not required, which makes it possible for people with disabilities to work in such jobs in the absence of serious contraindications.

Thanks to the opportunity to work, people who have limited opportunities cease to feel inferior and become full-fledged participants in society. Wherein governmental support plays very important role on the issue of regulating the work of disabled people.

Legislative acts regulating the labor of disabled people

There are two main documents in force on the territory of the Russian Federation that clearly regulate the ability of disabled people to engage in work - these are labor Code and Law No. 181 “On Social Protection of Persons with Disabilities”.

According to the provisions of Article 64 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, no organization has the right to limit the rights of people with disabilities, or try to create direct or indirect advantages for other persons in the process of signing an employment contract, based on circumstances not directly related to business characteristics a person who is disabled. According to the letter of the law, neither nationality, nor race, nor skin color, nor status, nor age, nor gender can be the reasons why a disabled person can be discriminated against in his rights when applying for a job.

To comply with the requirements of the labor code and control the absence of prohibitions on the work of disabled people in organizations, the Law “On the Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation” was developed, according to which there is a distribution of zones responsible for government agencies in the field of implementation and compliance with the requirements:

executive authorities in accordance with this Federal Law are required to develop quota standards for each organization to determine the smallest number of jobs for a given category that are subject to employment;
organs state power are responsible for the adoption of legislative acts in accordance with which a specific percentage of the quota is determined. At the same time, there are a number of organizations that are exempt from the mandatory employment of such workers. These include labor associations of disabled people or companies with a share of authorized capital of which there is part of a means of uniting disabled people.

Is it mandatory to employ disabled people?

Article 21 of Law No. 181 establishes clear requirements for the number of people with disabilities who are subject to employment in a particular organization. The number of disabled people in an organization is based on the staffing level of the entire company. The larger the production, the greater the percentage of people with disabilities that must be hired.

100 people. In organizations where the total number of employees is more than one hundred people, the employer is obliged to hire disabled people in the amount of 2 to 4% of the average annual roster of employed workers;
35. In smaller companies, where the number starts from 35 people, but does not exceed 100, the quota for hiring disabled people is set at 3%;

The responsibilities of territorial employment centers include constant monitoring of the situation on the labor market, including the creation of a database of vacancies covered by quotas, and the provision of referrals to organizations for people with disabilities who are looking for work. Also among the responsibilities of labor employment authorities is monitoring the implementation of the quota program. In addition, the activities of employment centers include assistance in professional retraining of disabled people.

Hiring procedure

To confirm disability, a person must have two documents in hand:

A certificate issued by a medical and social examination, which contains information about the assigned disability group and the level of limitation for the work performed;
Program individual rehabilitation, where the mechanism for implementing the rehabilitation of a disabled person must be detailed.

When applying for a job, a person does not have to present the listed documents, except in cases where the potential place of work has special requirements for the employee’s health.

The main documents that are presented when applying for a job are:

A disabled person has the right to independently contact an employer when applying for a job or is referred to an existing vacancy by the territorial employment center. When an employer decides on the possibility of hiring this person to work, an appropriate order is issued, and an employment contract is signed. When applying for a job, the employee must familiarize himself with his own job description or production instructions, documents that relate to the regulatory acts of the organization.

Regardless of the disability group indicated in the MSEC expert opinion, the employer is obliged to provide workplace, labor restrictions must be taken into account. Disability group in progress labor activity will determine working conditions. If there are groups 1 and 2, the working week, in accordance with the requirements of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, cannot be more than 35 hours; for employees of group 3, no such restrictions are established.

An important point is the fact that the wages of people in groups 1 and 2 are in no way tied to the shortened week. The involvement of persons with disabilities to work on holidays or weekends occurs on a general basis, provided that there is no prohibition in the individual rehabilitation program.

People of groups 1 or 2, as well as those who have been disabled since childhood, have the right to tax deduction in the amount of 500 rubles, which is provided by the employer separately from deductions in the presence of minor children. Tax is not charged on funds spent by an organization to purchase means of rehabilitation or prevention for people with disabilities. Also not subject to this tax material aid for amounts not exceeding 4,000 rubles. To be exempt from paying tax, the employer must prepare documents confirming the amount of actual expenses at the enterprise.

People with disabilities are not assigned a job when applying for a job. probation, while they have the right to terminate on their own initiative fixed-term contracts in a situation of deterioration of health or impossibility of further performance of work in accordance with those specified in job description responsibilities.

Nuances of ensuring normal working conditions for disabled people

When employing a disabled person, the employer will be required to take additional measures, the purpose of which will be to adapt the existing workplace for the work of a disabled person. This includes the development of technical support for the place, planning the use of devices that are aimed at facilitating the work of a disabled person and the performance of his labor functions.

At the same time, the state encourages employers to carry out such events. For workplaces that are fully equipped for the work of disabled people, the state pays organizations an increased payment. Such a workplace must necessarily meet the requirements of sanitary and hygienic standards, not be located in the basement, have an air conditioning system and have the required area.

Benefit to the employer from hiring a disabled person

To stimulate the hiring of people with disabilities, the state applies measures to provide benefits on taxes or insurance contributions. These benefits apply exclusively to receiving a discount on land and property taxes with one caveat. An organization where the share of disabled people exceeds 50% of the total number or where there is a means in the authorized capital can take advantage of the right to receive benefits public organization disabled people.

Another reduction in payments from the employer is a reduced rate on contributions to the Social Insurance Fund. The reduced rate applies only to payments for places where disabled people of groups 1 or 2 work.

IN modern society Much attention is paid to the problem of disabled people, namely the problem of their employment. The state is actively developing relevant regulations aimed at social protection this segment of the population. But in relation to the employer most of The measures are restrictive and coercive in nature, so many organizations are in no hurry to hire people with disabilities.

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