Chlorhexidine is a well-known antiseptic prolonged action, which is used exclusively externally.

Under the influence of the solution, dermatophytes, yeast-like fungi, wide range bacterial flora, herpes virus. Over many years of use, Chlorhexidine solution has proven its effectiveness and has gained recognition among patients and doctors.

In this article we will look at why doctors prescribe the drug Chlorhexidine, including instructions for use, analogues and prices for this drug in pharmacies. If you have already used Chlorhexidine, leave your feedback in the comments.

Composition and release form

The drug Chlorhexidine is available in the form disinfectant solution, suppositories for treatment in the field of gynecology, as well as in the form of a gel for external use.

Active ingredient: chlorhexidine bigluconate; 1 bottle (50 ml or 100 ml) contains chlorhexidine bigluconate solution 20% - 0.125 ml or 0.25 ml.

Various concentrations of alcohol and aqueous solutions affects the bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect of the drug. At a concentration of 0.01% the product has a bacteriostatic effect, and at a concentration of 0.05% it has a fungicidal effect. The drug also acts on bacterial spores at elevated temperatures.

What is Chlorhexidine used for?

The drug is used for treatment and prevention various diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the action of chlorhexidine. Indications for use of the drug depend on its initial concentration.

Chlorhexidine bigluconate solution 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2%:

1. Treatment of the skin before and after surgery to prevent infection in urology, surgery, as well as obstetric and gynecological practice.
2. Prevention infectious diseases after surgical interventions, including in dental and ENT practice. In dentistry, the drug is also used to treat removable dentures.
3. The drug is also used to treat various skin diseases of bacterial and fungal etiology, as well as purulent wounds, and lesions of the mucous membranes that are caused by microorganisms sensitive to the action of the drug (including stomatitis, periodontitis, gingivitis and aphthae).
4. Disinfection of the skin and mucous membranes before medical and diagnostic procedures in gynecological practice.

Chlorhexidine bigluconate solution 0.5%:

1. Treatment infected wounds, burns and other damage to the skin and mucous membranes.
2. Used for processing medical instruments at a temperature of 70 degrees Celsius.

Chlorhexidine bigluconate solution 1%:

1. Disinfection of the patient's skin and surgeon's hands before surgery. Prevention of infection of burns and postoperative wounds.
2. It is used for treating medical instruments, devices and working surfaces of equipment that are not desirable to be disinfected by heat treatment.

Chlorhexidine bigluconate solution 5% and 20%:

1. Used to prepare solutions of various concentrations on a water, glycerin or alcohol basis.

In addition, the drug is used after unprotected sexual intercourse to prevent sexually transmitted diseases, including chlamydia, genital herpes, syphilis, trichomoniasis and gonorrhea. As well as treating damaged skin to prevent infection.

pharmachologic effect

Has antimicrobial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria (Treponema spp., Neisseia gonorrhoeae, Tricyomonas spp., Chlamidia spp.), pathogens of nosocomial infections and tuberculosis, infections viral etiology(hepatitis viruses, HIV, herpes, rotavirus gastroenteritis, enterovirus infections, influenza and other respiratory viral infections), yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida, dermatophytes.

Instructions for use

On the skin, mucous membranes genitourinary organs or mouth, chlorhexidine solutions are applied for 1-3 minutes by irrigation or on cotton swabs.

1. To treat urethritis and uroprostatitis, the solution is injected into the urethra up to 2 times a day for 10 days. The procedures are repeated every other day.
2. Treatment of medical instruments and devices is carried out by wiping the surfaces with a sponge soaked in the preparation or by soaking.
3. The surgical field is treated twice with an interval of 2 minutes.
4. The surgeon's hands should be washed with soap and dry thoroughly before applying chlorhexidine.
5. To prevent STDs, the solution is administered using a nozzle on the bottle: for men - in urethra, for women - in the vagina for 2-3 minutes. After the procedure, you should not urinate for 2 hours. At the same time it is recommended to process inner surface thighs, pubis and genitals.

Suppositories are administered intravaginally in the supine position. To prevent STDs, it is recommended to use 1 suppository no later than 2 hours after sexual intercourse. In other cases, 1 suppository is administered 1-2 times a day for 1-3 weeks.
Gel and cream are applied to the affected areas up to 3 times a day. The duration of treatment is determined individually, taking into account clinical picture diseases.

Contraindications

Marked the following contraindications to use this tool:

1. High sensitivity to the components of the product.
2. Not used to treat patients suffering from dermatitis.
3. Do not use at the same time with other antiseptics (hydrogen peroxide, etc.).
4. It is not advisable to use for disinfection surgical field before surgery or after interventions on the central nervous system and auditory canal.
5. Not used in ophthalmology (the answer to the question whether it is possible to wash the eyes with this product is negative, since in ophthalmology only a specially prepared solution is used).

For the treatment of children, use with caution.

Side effects

Undesirable effects when using Chlorhexidine develop quite rarely. It can be:

1. Itching and redness of the skin.
2. Increased sensitivity to sunlight.
3. Vaginal bleeding is rare when using suppositories.
4. Allergic reaction.
5. Skin stickiness.
6. Dermatitis.

Side effects when using chlorhexidine are rare.

Analogues

Analogs of Chlorhexidine Bigluconate are drugs that contain a similar active substance. Analogs are available in the form of different dosage forms - gels, solutions, ointments, suppositories. These are Hexicon, Hexicon D (for children), Hibiscrub, Amident, etc.
Other antiseptics, such as iodine or hydrogen peroxide, can also be used.

Prices

The average price of Chlorhexidine depends on the concentration of the solution. Most often in pharmacies you can buy Chlorhexidine 0.05%, which is ready for use. The cost of such a drug in Moscow is approximately 12–18 rubles per 100 ml. If the place of sale is Ukraine, then the price of the solution is approximately 5-6 UAH. for 100 ml.

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies

The drug is available without a prescription.

Isofra nasal drops: instructions, reviews, analogues Derinat nasal drops: instructions, reviews, analogues

Instructions for use:

Chloral hydrate - belongs to the group of drugs that affect the central nervous system.

Pharmacological action of Chloral hydrate

Chloral hydrate has a hypnotic, analgesic, anticonvulsant and sedative effect. IN large doses has narcotic properties. Chloral hydrate has a complex effect on the central nervous system. Upon appointment small doses the drug weakens inhibitory processes, and in large doses reduces excitation processes. Dangerous to use too high doses Chloral hydrate, close to toxic, because they greatly inhibit the process of excitability of nerve cells.

Chloral hydrate has a pronounced irritant effect on the mucous membranes of the stomach and intestines, so it should be prescribed only in diluted form together with enveloping agents.

Chloral hydrate is absorbed very quickly. Sleep, close to physiological sleep, occurs after about 15 minutes and lasts for eight hours.

Indications for use of Chloral hydrate

According to the instructions, Chloral hydrate is used to relieve mental agitation, seizures in children, with spasmophilia, tetanus, rabies, eclampsia. Chloral hydrate can be used to conduct certain types of studies in children and restless adult patients that require a fairly long period of immobility (MRI, CT).

Instructions for use

For adults, Chloral hydrate is prescribed orally or in the form of enemas at a dose of 0.2-1.0 g per dose. The drug is taken only together with enveloping agents and in high dilution.

For children, the dosage of Chloral hydrate is prescribed depending on age and ranges from 0.05 to 0.75 g.

The highest single dose of Chloral hydrate for adults is two grams, and the daily dose is six grams.

Side effects

Taking Chloral hydrate may be accompanied by a decrease blood pressure and vomiting.

Long-term use of this medicine often leads to the development of drug addiction (chloralomania).

Contraindications

According to the instructions, Chloral hydrate should not be used to treat patients suffering from serious illnesses of cardio-vascular system, kidneys and liver. Other contraindications to the use of Chloral hydrate are:

Alcohol or drug dependence currently or in history;

Esophagitis, gastritis, peptic ulcer(when prescribing the drug orally);

Proctitis, colitis (when prescribed as an enema);

Intermittent porphyria.

Chloral hydrate should be administered to pregnant women with great caution. With him long-term use withdrawal syndrome may occur in newborns.

The drug penetrates well into breast milk and causes infants sedative effect. Therefore, if it is necessary to use Chloral hydrate breast-feeding must be stopped.

Overdose

There is no specific antidote. Treatment of poisoning is symptomatic: gastric lavage, maintaining breathing and blood circulation for normal level, forced diuresis. At severe poisoning hemodialysis is indicated.

special instructions

Taking Chloral hydrate together with other drugs that have a depressant effect on the central nervous system and alcoholic drinks, is unacceptable.

Chloral hydrate release form and storage conditions

Chloral hydrate is available in the form of tablets containing 0.5, 0.75 and 1.5 g of active substance. The package contains 10 tablets.

The drug belongs to list B. It should be stored at room temperature in a dry place, protected from light, out of reach of children. Shelf life – 8 years.

Update: October 2018

Chlorhexidine is a popular medicinal product, a local antiseptic that has been successfully used as a universal disinfectant and antimicrobial agent, and is especially popular in the post-Soviet countries.

The chemical compound chlorhexidine was discovered in Great Britain in 1950, and already in 1954 the first skin antiseptic based on this substance appeared. Subsequently, the substance began to be added to urological lubricants, to impregnate catheters, implants, and workwear with it. medical personnel. Included in a number of mouth rinses and toothpastes. Widely used in veterinary medicine.

It is noteworthy that during the period of commercial use and numerous studies of chlorhexidine, the possibility of the formation of chlorhexidine-resistant microorganisms has not been confirmed. However, the use of Chlorhexidine has the potential to cause bacterial resistance to antibiotics. The drug belongs to the group of budget drugs and remains accessible to the general population.

Pharmgroup: antiseptic for local use.

Composition, physical and chemical properties, price

The drug is present on the pharmaceutical market in several dosage forms, each of which is characterized by its own scope of application. In addition to the drugs described below, registered in Russia, there are creams, gels, and ointments with a similar active ingredient.

Solution 0.05% (aqueous solution of chlorhexidine)	Spray	Candles (commercial name - hexicon)
Main substance: 0.5 mg chlorhexidine bigluconate in 1 ml solution	25 mg chlorhexidine solution 20% in 1 bottle	16 mg chlorhexidine bigluconate in 1 supp.
Excipients: Purified water to the required volume	Ethyl alcohol 95% - 718.5 ml; purified water, until the solution volume is 1 liter	Polyethylene oxide 400, polyethylene oxide 1500
Physicochemical characteristics: Liquid, clear solution	Colorless, transparent, sometimes slightly opalescent liquid with an alcoholic odor	Vaginal suppositories are white or yellowish in color, torpedo-shaped, the surface is slightly marbled.
Packaging, price: Available in various types packaging (plastic, glass bottles), with or without dispensers. Price: 0.05% solution 100 ml: 10-15 rub.	70 and 100 ml in bottles/vials with a nozzle or a cap with a spray. Price 100 ml: 98 rub.	1 or 5 supp. In blister outline packaging. 1, 2 packages per pack. Price: No. 10 – 270-280 rub.

pharmachologic effect

The instructions for use of chlorhexidine indicate that the drug has a local antiseptic effect, more bactericidal. Changes the properties and composition of cell membranes of microorganisms. Cations formed during the dissociation of salts active substance, begin to react with the bacterial cell membrane, which has a negative charge. The lipophilic groups of the antiseptic promote the disaggregation of the membrane of microorganisms, which has a lipoprotein structure, and lead to disruption of osmotic balance, loss of phosphorus and potassium from the bacterial cell. Destruction of the cytoplasmic membrane ultimately leads to the death of bacteria.

Chlorhexidine digluconate solution is effective against a wide range of microorganisms: Trichomonas vaginalis, Bacteroides fragilis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Gardnerella vaginalis, Chlamidia spp., Treponema pallidum, Ureaplasma spp. Has a moderate effect on individual strains of Pseudomonas spp. and Proteus spp. Viruses (except herpes virus) and fungal spores are resistant to the drug.

Has a long-lasting antibacterial effect and can be used for antiseptic treatment surgical field and the surgeon's hands, since after treatment the active substance remains on the skin for some time. Retains antimicrobial activity in a purulent environment, blood, but the effectiveness is somewhat reduced.

Pharmacokinetics

Local application does not have a systemic effect - the drug is not absorbed into the bloodstream.

Indications

Solution

Application in gynecology:

• Trichomonas colpitis;
• itching of the vulva;
• cervical erosion;
• prevention of sexually transmitted diseases: gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, syphilis, chlamydia, ureaplasmosis.

In dentistry and ENT practice:

• gingivitis;
• aphthae;
• stomatitis;
• alveolitis;
• periodontitis;
• disinfection of dentures (partially removable, removable);
• angina;
• postoperative hygiene in dental and ENT departments.

As a local antiseptic for:

• treatment of wounds, including burn surfaces;
• disinfection of the skin, including the surgical field;
• hand treatment for medical staff and surgeons;

Also used for disinfection of work surfaces, equipment, instruments, thermometers that do not allow heat treatment.

Spray

• Hygienic treatment of the hands of surgeons and other medical personnel in institutions of various profiles;
• Treatment of the skin area of ​​the injection site, surgical fields, elbow bends (skin) of donors;
• Disinfection of small-area surfaces of medical devices (for example, ENT, dental instruments) for infections of various etiologies(bacterial, fungal, viral) in health care facilities;
• Hygienic treatment of hand skin for catering workers, Food Industry, public services.

Suppositories

• Prevention of sexually transmitted diseases: syphilis, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, ureaplasmosis, gonorrhea, genital herpes;
• Prevention of infectious and inflammatory complications in gynecology and obstetrics (before childbirth, termination of pregnancy, surgical treatment, before and after installation of an intrauterine device, before and after diathermocoagulation (cauterization) of the cervix, before performing an intrauterine examination;
• Treatment of bacterial vaginosis;
• Therapy of colpitis (including mixed, trichomonas, nonspecific).

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to the active or auxiliary components.
• Dermatitis, allergic reactions at the site of application.

Pregnancy, lactation

Not contraindicated during lactation and pregnancy.

special instructions

Prescribed with caution for the treatment of children. In case of accidental ingestion of any form of chlorhexidine, immediately lavage the stomach with a sufficient amount of water, and then take the adsorbent.

The spray should not be applied to mucous membranes and wounds. The solution and spray are not allowed for contact with auditory nerve And meninges. In case of accidental contact with these areas, rinse the drug thoroughly under running water. If the spray gets into your eyes, also rinse with water and drop in albucid.

The drug is incompatible with alkalis, soap and other anionic compounds (gum arabic, colloids, carboxymethylcellulose, sodium lauryl sulfate, saponins). Not used simultaneously with other antiseptics.

Do not forget that chlorhexidine is a drug, not a hygiene product, so it cannot be used for everyday rinsing of the mouth and teeth, as well as douching. There are strict indications for which such a procedure is advisable and necessary, and they should be adhered to. If you use chlorhexidine uncontrollably, this is fraught with an imbalance of microflora, the development of dysbacteriosis and allergic reactions.

Dosage

Solution

• Prevention venereal diseases. Used no later than 2 hours after condom breakage or unprotected sexual intercourse. For men, about 2-3 ml of the product is injected into the urethra, for women - 2-3 ml into the urethra and 5-10 ml - additionally into the vagina (chlorhexidine in the form of douching). The skin around the genitals must also be treated. Urination can be performed no earlier than 2 hours after administration of the drug.
• In gynecology. Used as a douche for appropriate indications. Conducted in horizontal position, squeezing a few drops of the drug from the bottle into the vagina. After the procedure you need to lie down for 5-10 minutes.
• At inflammatory diseases urinary tract in men and women. 2-3 ml of solution is injected into the urethra once or twice a day for 10 days in a row.
• To treat skin lesions, wounds, burns, the solution is used in the form of an application, which is left for 1-3 minutes.
• For gargling with sore throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis. Recommendations for use for rinsing - rinse the mouth before the procedure warm water. Then take 10-15 ml of solution and thoroughly gargle with it for about 30 seconds. You should not eat or drink for 60 minutes after the procedure. There is no need to dilute chlorhexidine - a 0.05% solution is suitable for the procedure.
• In dentistry. For rinsing teeth, for washing the periodontal canal, fistulas, abscess. It is also used for treating gums after flap periodontal surgery.

Spray

• For hygienic treatment of medical staff’s hands, ~5 ml of spray is distributed onto the hands and rubbed in for 2 minutes.
• To treat the surgeon's hands, first thoroughly wash your hands with warm running water and soap for at least 2 minutes, dry them with a sterile gauze cloth. Already on dry skin, apply the product with a volume of 5 ml at least 2 times, rub in for 3 minutes.
• To treat the elbow folds (skin areas) or the surgical field, the skin is wiped twice, sequentially, using sterile gauze swabs generously moistened with the drug. After finishing treatment you should wait 2 minutes. Before the operation, the patient takes a shower and changes his underwear. During treatment of the surgical field, the skin is wiped in one direction with a sterile swab irrigated with a spray. After finishing the treatment you need to wait 1 minute.
• To disinfect small surfaces (tables, chair armrests, equipment), wipe them with a sterile rag soaked in the product. Consumption rate - 100 ml per 1 m2.
• Disinfection of instruments. Before processing, remove from the instrument visible to the eye contamination by wiping with napkins, rinsing under running water using a brush in compliance with the anti-epidemic regime. Then they are immersed in a container with a solution so that the cavities and channels are completely filled, with exposure depending on the specifics of the treatment. The disinfection solution is good for 3 days when stored under a lid.

Suppositories

• To prevent STIs - 1 suppository once in the vagina. A prerequisite is that no more than 2 hours must pass after sexual intercourse.
• For the treatment of vaginosis, colpitis - 1 suppository twice a day, 7-10 days in a row.

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Chlorhexidine

The content of the article:

Chlorhexidine bigluconate – drug antiseptic properties. Destroys bacterial and fungal microflora. It has 3 release forms - gel, suppositories and solution (it is used more often). The main active ingredient is chlorhexidine bigluconate. Duration, frequency of application and form remedy prescribed taking into account the nature of the pathology, the stage of its development at the time of initiation of therapy.

Indications for the use of Chlorhexidine

The drug Chlorhexidine bicluconate is used to treat:

1. Sexually transmitted diseases (gonorrhea, syphilis, trichomoniasis, chlamydia, ureaplasmosis). Suppositories are administered or a solution is used to local processing fabrics. Antiseptics are also used to prevent these diseases.

2. Gynecological pathologies(colpitis, vulvitis, cervical erosion). Use vaginal suppositories or prepare a solution for douching. Only an observing specialist can draw up a scheme for the correct dissolution of the drug.

3. Urological diseases– balanitis, balanoposthitis, urethritis. Use a solution of Chlorhexidine.

4. Skin diseases suggesting a violation of tissue integrity or the formation of purulent contents. The main conditions are cuts, burns, boils.

The drug is used in ophthalmology (provided the solution is used not in a concentrated form, but in a diluted form). In dentistry they rinse gums, soft fabrics(for inflammatory, fungal infections).

Chlorhexidine is used to treat the external genitalia during urological and gynecological procedures. For example, urethral dilation, catheterization Bladder, taking smears. The solution is applied to hands, gloves and instruments before performing procedures.

Contraindications for the use of Chlorhexidine

Based clinical trials and analysis of their own practice, experts compiled a list of contraindications for the use of the drug:

Age under 12 years is a limiting factor. Antiseptics are used only in 5% of cases to treat children.

The drug cannot be combined with the use of other products based on sodium lauryl sulfate. Shampoos, shower gels, and liquid soap often contain this component. The connection abbreviation is SLS (can be seen on the label detergent in the “Composition” category).

Chlorhexidine bigluconate is dangerous to use for rinsing the ears, since in 98% of cases hearing loss occurs due to destruction of the auditory nerve.

The antiseptic is not used to treat the surgical field or after therapeutic and diagnostic measures on the brain or spinal cord.

Dangerous when used as an eye wash. It has a negative effect on the conjunctiva (causes burns), reduces visual acuity, and destroys the pupil.

An antiseptic is not prescribed if the presence of a viral infection is confirmed.
Microorganisms of this type are resistant to active substance facilities. The exception is the herpes virus.

Chlorhexidine bicluconate is not used to eliminate dermatitis.

Additional contraindication – lidocaine intolerance. Since this component is also present in the composition of the drug, but only if Chlorhexidine is in the form of a gel.

The drug cannot be combined with the application of another antiseptic. In some cases, this action causes irritation and rashes, in others, the second drug deactivates the properties of Chlorhexidine. This is especially true for the issue of using hydrogen peroxide 3%.

Side effects from using Chlorhexidine

Chlorhexidine bigluconate in the form vaginal suppositories may cause itching of the genitals, swelling, redness, and the appearance of discharge with a cheesy consistency. The situation is complicated by the fact that the reason for prescribing an antiseptic is sometimes precisely candidiasis, which is characterized by the listed symptoms. The patient continues to use the drug, mistaking the complications that have arisen for signs of the disease.

Other consequences of using medication in the form of suppositories:

Increased dryness of mucous membranes;
the formation of microscopic cracks on their surface;
the condition is accompanied by increased pain when urinating, intimacy, in severe cases - even in the absence of physical activity.

The use of an increased concentration of the drug causes a burn to the mucous membrane (urogenital tract, oral cavity).

Long-term use of Chlorhexidine solution for hand treatment may cause skin irritation and dryness.

An overly concentrated solution contributes to the formation of tartar on the teeth. Therefore, you should use the medicine only when percentage, which was prescribed by the doctor, and strictly according to the prescribed regimen. The solution changes the natural shade of the teeth, and less often stains appear on the enamel.

When using the solution in ophthalmological (eye) practice, cases of photophobia developing in patients were identified.

Instructions for use of Chlorhexidine

If the drug is applied topically to the skin (damages are treated, the mouth is washed), the active ingredients do not saturate the bloodstream. If suppositories are administered, the substances are absorbed by the blood and excreted by the kidneys.

1. For inflammatory and infectious processes of the urogenital tract, no more than 4 ml of a 0.05% solution at room temperature is injected into the urethra, twice a day with an interval of 12 hours. The duration of the course is at least 10 days.

2. To treat the ENT organs, rinse with a 0.2% or 0.5% solution of Chlorhexidine bigluconate.

3. Apply a 20% antiseptic solution to the damage, in which 70% is dissolved ethanol. The surgical field is treated twice, with a maximum interval of 2 minutes.

The appearance of rashes, itching or discomfort at the site of application of the drug is an indication to stop using Chlorhexidine. Even if the first few procedures using an antiseptic did not lead to complications.

Chlorhexidine solution is one of the most popular antiseptic drugs. The medicine appeared on the market more than 60 years ago, but is still used today in great demand. To the benefits this tool include high efficiency, safety, minimum list of contraindications, affordable price. The scope of application of "Chlorhexidine" includes various branches of medicine.

The product is available in the form of a spray, ointment, rinse, suppository. The most common is the solution, which is poured into bottles (25 - 200 ml) or canisters (1 - 20 l). The main active ingredient of the drug is chlorhexidine, which is active against various bacteria, including Trichomonas, Treponema. The component does not affect spores and viral cells.

Pharmacological properties and pharmacokinetics

"Chlorhexidine" - is active against large quantity pathogenic microorganisms, destroys the causative agents of tuberculosis, herpes virus, HIV, is effective against dermatophytes, yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida, etc.

The drug for external use is widely used in gynecology, cosmetology, dentistry, etc. Absorption of the active components is possible only when administered intravaginally.

Why is the drug prescribed?

Antiseptic is purchased medical institutions. "Chlorhexidine" is not only effective, but also cheap drug, therefore it is used not only in medicinal purposes. The solution is used to disinfect surfaces, devices and equipment that are used when performing medical procedures.

An antiseptic is prescribed to treat the following diseases:

• cervical erosion;
• stomatitis of various etiologies;
• a sore throat
• purulent sore throat;
• alveolitis;
• periodontitis;
• vulvovaginitis;
• rhinitis, sinusitis;
• cystitis, etc.

You can gargle with Chlorhexidine for infectious and inflammatory pathologies. The product promotes rapid recovery and reduces the likelihood of complications. They are used to rinse the oral cavity after tooth extraction, in case of wounds and ulcers on the mucous membrane. The drug will help prevent the development of sexually transmitted diseases. It can be used to treat pimples, blackheads, and blackheads. An antiseptic is prescribed after surgery. The drug has powerful disinfectant properties, destroys bacteria, and promotes rapid, effective cure of the disease.

Instructions for use of Chlorhexidine

The pattern of use of an antiseptic depends on the form of its release, as well as on the specifics and course of the disease. Before starting the course, it is recommended to consult with a specialist. He will tell you how to rinse your mouth correctly, determine the duration of treatment, and the dosage of the drug.

Solution for local and external use

A solution is the most common form. Preparations are produced with different concentrations of the active substance. The minimum content of chlorhexidine is 0.05%.

Antiseptic is widely used in dentistry. A 0.1% solution is used to sterilize work surfaces and surgical instruments. "Chlorhexidine" 0.2% and 0.5% - for external use only.

The solution can be used in two ways: for rinsing the mouth and filling baths.

• It is necessary to rinse the mouth in case of inflammatory and infectious diseases (tonsillitis, stomatitis, etc.). Take a small amount of the solution into your mouth, move the liquid from side to side for 1 - 1.5 minutes, and spit it out.
• Baths are done after tooth extraction. In such cases, you cannot rinse, because there is a high risk of washing blood clot, the consequence of which will be inflammation or infection of the hole.

If you plan to use Chlorhexidine 0.1% or 0.2% for medicinal purposes, be sure to dilute the drug with water. Upon contact with mucous membranes oral cavity solution with more high concentration than 0.05% may cause burns or irritation.

To treat the affected area skin with an antiseptic, you can simply irrigate the wound or apply applications. The optimal duration of treatment with Chlorhexidine is 10–12 days.

Alcohol spray for external use

Spray is used to treat hands medical workers before performing diagnostic or surgical procedures. Chlorhexidine in this dosage form used in the food industry. The product is used to disinfect the hands of employees of catering establishments, cafes, canteens, public services, etc.

Before the procedure, hands must be thoroughly washed and dried with a clean gauze cloth. Now the skin should be generously sprayed with spray and rubbed until completely absorbed.

Vaginal suppositories 8 mg and 16 mg

Chlorhexidine suppositories are used for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases and the treatment of infectious and inflammatory pathologies. With clean hands, remove the suppository from the package and insert it intravaginally in the supine position. The scheme of use is determined individually. The instructions for use indicate the standard dosage: 1 suppository 2 times a day. The duration of the course is 7 – 10 days. The maximum duration of treatment is 20 days.

During pregnancy and lactation

Antiseptic "Chlorhexidine" is not contraindicated for pregnant and breastfeeding women. Active components the drugs do not in any way affect the course of pregnancy and the condition of the fetus.

Drug interactions

Chlorhexidine is most effective in a neutral environment.

• If the pH exceeds 8, a precipitate forms.
• The bactericidal effect is reduced under the influence of hard water.
• You cannot combine the use of an antiseptic with the use of soap, alkalis and other anionic compounds.
• The combination of Chlorhexidine with iodine and iodine-containing drugs is not recommended.

The effectiveness of the drug is enhanced when used simultaneously with ethyl alcohol.

Contraindications, side effects and overdose

The drug "Chlorhexidine" is contraindicated in patients who have increased sensitivity to antiseptic components or a tendency to allergic reactions. Medicines are not prescribed for dermatoses. Do not apply the solution to open, bleeding wounds. If the product gets on the mucous membrane of the eyes, they should be washed immediately big amount clean water and contact a specialist.

The use of Chlorhexidine may be accompanied by the following unpleasant symptoms:

• allergies (itching, redness of the skin);
• change in the shade of tooth enamel;
• loss of sensitivity to tastes;
• tartar (rare).

The drug is not intended for internal use. If the medicine is accidentally swallowed, you should immediately drink a large amount of water. After this, you should take a product with an absorbent effect ( Activated carbon, “White sorbent”, etc.).

Cases of overdose with Chlorhexidine have not been described. If you treat damaged areas of the skin or rinse your mouth frequently, the risk of adverse reactions increases.

Chlorhexidine analogs

The most popular substitute for this antiseptic is the drug “Chlorhexidine bigluconate”. This is a medicine that contains only a solution of chlorhexidine (20%) and purified water. The antiseptic is effective for inflammation of the pharynx, larynx, and tonsils.

"Amident" is an antiseptic based on chlorhexidine. The average price of the drug is 70 rubles. for 100 ml. The antiseptic effectively destroys bacteria, as well as some types of viruses and fungi. Amident is used to cleanse and disinfect the skin.

Other available substitutes from the same group include the following drugs:

• "Aseptinol S";
• "Ahdez";
• "Hexicon";
• "Katejel S";
• "Gibitan";
• "Plivasept";
• "Manusan";
• "Corsodil";
• "Dezin";
• Bactericidal patch, etc.

Furacilin can be used as an antiseptic. Like Chlorhexidine, it costs a penny and is available not only in the form of a solution, but also in the form of tablets for dilution. The drug has powerful disinfecting, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Patients often ask the question: what is the difference between Miramistin and Chlorhexidine. These are analogues, but not synonyms. Both drugs have their own scope, advantages and disadvantages. "Miramistin" - modern antiseptic, the cost of which is an order of magnitude higher than the price of “Chlorhexidine” (starts at 200 rubles per 50 ml bottle). The drug has a wider spectrum of action and is active against complex viruses, but in terms of effectiveness it is inferior to Chlorhexidine.

The antiseptic "Miramistin" is made based on the active ingredient benzyldimethyl. The drug is available in the form of a solution. "Miramistin" is prescribed for the treatment of tonsillitis, sinusitis, stomatitis and other infectious and inflammatory pathologies of the oral cavity, occurring in acute or chronic form. The medicine can be used to treat burns, prevent inflammation and suppuration of wounds after surgery.

The advantages of the drug include the absence of contraindications (except for hypersensitivity), low likelihood of side effects, wide scope of application. There is only one drawback - high price, compared to analogues.

The price of Miramistin ranges from 200 to 800 rubles. Antiseptic "Chlorhexidine" is much cheaper. Its price starts from 20 rubles. If there are visible effects from the use of Chlorhexidine, there is no point in replacing it with Miramistin.