home Audience 1 Rhizomes with roots of Valerian fs. Description of the complex and rich composition of valerian. and also present

Rhizomes with roots of Valerian fs. Description of the complex and rich composition of valerian. and also present

State Pharmacopoeia (SF RB) Volume 2 pp. 328-330. Valerian rhizomes with roots.

VALERIAN RHIZOMES WITH ROOTS
Valerianae rhizomata cum radicibus
VALERIAN ROOT
DEFINITION
Dried whole or fragmented underground parts of the plant Valeriana officinalis L. s.l., including rhizomes with roots and stolons.
Contain:
- whole and fragmented raw materials: not less than 0.17% (m/m) of the amount of sesquiterpene acids in terms of valerenic acid (C 15 H 22 O 2; MW 234.3) in dry raw materials or not less than 2% of the amount esters in terms of valerenic acid ethyl ester in dry raw materials;
- crushed raw materials: not less than 0.10% (m/m) of the sum of sesquiterpene acids in terms of valerenic acid (C15H22O2; MW 234.3) in dry raw materials or not less than 2% of the amount of esters in terms of ethyl ester valerenic acid in dry raw materials.

AUTHENTICITY (IDENTIFICATION)
A. External signs (#2.8.3) . The rhizomes are yellowish-gray to pale brownish-gray, conical to cylindrical in shape, up to approximately 50 mm long and 30 mm in diameter, with an elongated or compressed base, usually completely covered by numerous roots. The apex usually has a cup-shaped scar from the aerial parts; sometimes the bases of the stems are present. In a longitudinal section, a cavity with transverse partitions is visible in the center of the core. The roots are numerous, almost cylindrical in shape, the same color as the rhizomes, with a diameter of 1 to 3 mm, the length sometimes exceeds 100 mm. A small number of thread-like, fragile secondary roots are present. The stolons have protruding nodes separated by grooved internodes, 20 mm to 50 mm long, with a fibrous fracture.

B. Microscopy (#2.8.3). The crushed raw materials are examined (355). Color ranges from pale yellowish-gray to pale grayish-brown. Visible: cells containing pale brown resin or drop-shaped inclusions of essential oil; groups of small rectangular sclereids with thick walls; rare groups larger sclereids at the base of the stem with thinner cell walls; lignified vessels with reticulate thickenings, occurring in groups or individually; individual fragments of cortical and epidermal cells, some of which have root hairs; rare fragments of cork.
When using a 50% (v/v) solution of glycerol R in crushed raw materials (355), numerous starch grains are visible, mostly complex, containing up to 4-6 components, but often breaking up into individual granules of round or irregular shape diameter up to 15 microns; most granules have indistinct cracks or a radial center of bedding.

(EF) C. Thin layer chromatography (2.2.27).
Test solution. 1 g of crushed raw material (355) is suspended in 10 ml of methanol R and sonicated for 10 min. The supernatant is filtered through a membrane filter with a pore size of 0.45 μm. Use the filtrate.
Reference solution. 5 mg of acetoxyvalerenic acid R and 5 mg of valerenic acid R are dissolved in 20 ml of methanol R.
Plate: TLC plate with a layer of silica gel R (5-40 µm) [or TLC plate with a layer of silica gel R (2-10 µm)].
Mobile phase: glacial acetic acid R - ethyl acetate R - cyclohexane R (2:38:60, v/v/v).
Sample volume applied: 20 µl in the form of strips.
Mobile phase front: at least 10 cm from the start line.
Drying: air.
Manifestation: the plate is sprayed with anisealdehyde solution R. Heated at a temperature from 100°C to 105°C for 5-10 minutes. View in daylight.
Results: Below is the sequence of zones of the chromatograms of the reference solution and the test solution. In the chromatogram of the test solution, other violet zones may be detected.

TESTS (NUMERICAL INDICATORS)
Acceptable impurities (#2.8.2). Non-raw material parts of the plant: remains of leaves and stems, including those separated during analysis, as well as old dead rhizomes - no more than 5%. Organic impurities: no more than 2%. Mineral impurities: no more than 1%.

Weight loss on drying (2.2.32). No more than 15.0%. 1,000 g of crushed raw materials (2000) are dried at a temperature of 100°C to 105°C.

Total ash (2.4.16). No more than 13.0%.

Ash, insoluble in hydrochloric acid (2.8.1). No more than 10.0%.

QUANTITATION
(EF) Determination of the content of the total sesquiterpene acids. Liquid chromatography (2.2.29).
Test solution. 1.50 g of crushed raw material (710) is placed in a 100 ml round-bottom flask with a ground section, 20 ml of methanol R1 is added, mixed and heated in a water bath with reflux for 30 minutes. Cool and filter. The filter with the residue is placed in the same 100 ml round-bottom flask, 20 ml of methanol R1 is added and heated in a water bath with reflux for 15 minutes. Cool and filter. The filtrates are combined and diluted with methanol R1 to a volume of 50.0 ml, rinsing the round-bottom flask and filter with the same solvent.
Reference solution. The amount of PSO dry extract of standardized valerian, corresponding to 1.0 mg of valerenic acid, is dissolved in methanol R1 and brought to a volume of 10.0 ml with the same solvent.
Chromatography conditions:
- a column with a length of 0.25 m and an internal diameter of 4.6 mm, filled with octadecylsilyl silica gel for chromatography P with a particle size of 5 microns;
- mobile phase:
- mobile phase A: acetonitrile R - solution of 5 g/l phosphoric acid R (20:80, v/v);
- mobile phase B: solution of 5 g/l phosphoric acid R - acetonitrile R (20:80, v/v);

- mobile phase speed: 1.5 ml/min;
- spectrophotometric detector, wavelength 220 nm;
- volume of injected sample: 20 µl.
Peak identification: for identification
peaks of acetoxyvalerenic acid and valerenic acid on the chromatogram of the reference solution, use the chromatogram attached to the FSO of a standardized dry extract of valerian.
Suitability of chromatographic system: reference solution:
- relative retention time (relative to valerenic acid, retention time is about 21 minutes): acetoxyvalerenic acid - about 0.5.
The content of the total sesquiterpene acids in terms of valerenic acid as a percentage is calculated using the formula:

Where:
S 1 - peak area of acetoxyvalerenic acid in the chromatogram of the test solution;
S 2 - peak area of valerenic acid in the chromatogram of the test solution;
S 3 - peak area of valerenic acid in the chromatogram of the reference solution;
m 1 - mass of a sample of the tested raw material, g;
m 2 - weight of a sample of FSO dry extract of standardized valerian, g;
P is the content of valerenic acid in the FSO dry extract of standardized valerian, %.
Determination of the content of the total esters in terms of valerenic acid ethyl ester.
Place 5,000 g of crushed raw material (500) in a 100 ml conical flask, add 50 ml of a mixture of chloroform R and 96% alcohol R (5:1, v/v) and shake for 45 minutes. Filter through a paper filter moistened with a mixture of chloroform R and 96% alcohol R (5:1, v/v) into a 100 ml volumetric flask, avoiding any particles of raw material getting onto the filter. Add 40 ml of a mixture of chloroform R and 96% alcohol R (5:1, v/v) to the flask with the remaining raw material and shake for 15 minutes. Filter into the same volumetric flask and dilute with a mixture of chloroform R and 96% alcohol R (5:1, v/v) to a volume of 100.0 ml (solution A).
Test solution. 5.0 ml of solution A is placed in a 50 ml round-bottom flask and evaporated to dryness in vacuum at a temperature of 40°C to 50°C. To the resulting dry residue add 5.0 ml of hydroxylamine alkaline solution R3, leave for 20 minutes, add 10.0 ml of 1 M hydrochloric acid solution, 5.0 ml of 10 g/l solution of iron (III) chloride R in 0.1 M hydrochloric acid solution, mix and filter through a paper filter moistened with water R.
Compensation solution. To 5.0 ml of hydroxylamine alkaline solution R3 add 10.0 ml of a 1 M solution of hydrochloric acid and 5.0 ml of a solution of 10 g/l iron (III) chloride R in a 0.1 M solution of hydrochloric acid.
Measure the absorbance (2.2.25) of the test solution at 512 nm.
The content of the total esters in terms of ethyl ester of valerenic acid in percent is calculated using the formula:

Where:
10.5 - specific absorption rate of valerenic acid hydroxamate;
A is the optical density of the test solution;
m is the mass of a sample of the tested raw material, g.

STORAGE
In a place protected from moisture and light at a temperature of 15°C to 25°C.

Flower formula

Valerian officinalis flower formula: *H0-∞L(5)T3P(3).

In medicine

Rhizomes with valerian roots are used for chronic functional disorders activity of the central nervous system; with nervous excitement, neuroses of cardio-vascular system, hysteria, acute agitation due to mental trauma, migraines, insomnia, angina pectoris, pain in the heart, epilepsy (in combination with other medicinal drugs), at hypertension Stage I, extrasystole, paroxysmal tachycardia, acute myocarditis, with menopausal disorders; also for stomach neuroses, disorders of the secretory function of the glandular apparatus of the gastrointestinal tract, spasm of the esophagus, liver diseases and biliary tract in complex therapy.

In dermatology, valerian preparations are used for atopic dermatitis, true and microbial eczema, erythroderma, skin itching, psoriasis, urticaria.

Rhizomes and roots of valerian are included in preparations, teas, and dietary supplements.

For children

In pediatric dermatological practice, in the presence of atopic dermatitis, ointment dosage forms based on valerian are prescribed.

Crushed rhizomes and roots of valerian in the form of an infusion are approved for use by children from 3 years of age.

In homeopathy

Homeopathic remedies from dry roots of valerian is used for increased irritability, heart neuroses, headaches, insomnia, menopausal disorders and flatulence.

Classification

Valerian officinalis (lat. Valeriana officinalis L. s. l.) belongs to the valerian family (lat. Valerianaceae). The Valerian family includes 13 genera, over 400 species. The genus Valerian (lat. Valeriana) includes about 200 species growing in temperate and cold regions of Eurasia, North and South Africa.

Botanical description

Valerian officinalis is a perennial herbaceous plant 60-150 cm high. Valerian has a short vertical rhizome up to 1.5 cm long with numerous brown-yellow adventitious roots densely located on it. The rhizome and roots have a strong specific odor. The stem is erect, grooved, hollow inside, branched in the inflorescence. In the first year of life, the leaves are rosette petiolate. The leaves of the second year of life are odd-pinnate, opposite, lanceolate, coarsely toothed; the basal ones are petiolate, the upper ones are sessile. The flowers are small, pale pink, pale purple or white, collected in corymbose inflorescences. Valerian officinalis flower formula: *H0-∞L(5)T3P(3). The fruit is a ribbed, oblong, ovoid flying achene with a tuft 2.5-4.5 mm long. The plant blooms from the second year of life from June to August.

Spreading

Valerian officinalis grows in floodplains, in damp, swampy meadows, among bushes, in ravines, and along the edges of swamps. Distributed throughout almost the entire territory of the CIS, from the south of the Arctic region and throughout the forest and forest-steppe zones of the European part. Grows in the Far East, Eastern and western Siberia south of 70ºN latitude. In the wild it rarely forms more than a thicket. Valerian is cultivated in Russia.

Regions of distribution on the map of Russia.

Procurement of raw materials

Valerian rhizomes and roots (Valerianae rhizomata cum radicibus) are used as medicinal raw materials. Rhizomes and roots are collected in the fall (after the seeds fall in September and October) or early spring. The dug up rhizomes with roots, separated from the stem, are cleaned of soil and quickly washed in cold water(You can’t keep it in water for a long time, because the roots lose active substances). Next, the raw materials are dried for 1-2 days and dried at a temperature not exceeding 36-40ºС.

Chemical composition

Rhizomes and roots of valerian contain essential oil (up to 2%), consisting of bornyl isovalerate (the main part), valeric and isovaleric acid, camphene, terpineol, pinene, borneol, etc.; more than 10 alkaloids (valerine, actinidin hatinin, etc.); sugars, tannins, saponins, glycoside valeride, enzymes and organic acids: malic, acetic, formic, palmitic, stearic. Valepotriates have also been isolated from the underground organs of valerian: valtrate, homovaltrate, dihydrovaltrate, acetoxyvaltrate, homo-acetoxyvaltrate, homodihydrovaltrate, valerosidate, deoxydihydrovaltrate, valtrahydrin; macro- and microelements.

Pharmacological properties

Valerian has a multifaceted effect on the body. It exhibits a moderately pronounced sedative effect, depresses the central nervous system, reduces its excitability, and has antispasmodic properties (reduces spasms of smooth muscle organs). Valerian also enhances the secretion of the glandular apparatus of the gastrointestinal tract and bile secretion.

Through the central nervous system, valerian preparations regulate the activity of the heart, and also directly affect the muscle and conduction system of the heart. Valerian essential oil reduces arousal caused by caffeine, prolongs the effect of sleeping pills, increases the functional mobility of the cerebral cortex, and has an inhibitory effect on the medulla oblongata and midbrain systems. Essential oil borneol, acting on the blood vessels of the heart, improves coronary circulation.

Valerian preparations reduce reflex excitability in the central parts of the nervous system and enhance inhibitory processes in the neurons of the brain, and also prolong sleep caused by various hypnotic compounds, have coronary dilator and hypotensive properties, and have a noticeable anticonvulsant effect in relation to the convulsive effects of analeptics. The calming effect of valerian manifests itself slowly, but quite steadily. The effectiveness of valerian appears to be higher with systematic and long-term use due to the slow development of the therapeutic effect.

Valerian officinalis has long been widely used in medical practice, both in the form of individual herbal dosage forms and as part of multicomponent infusions, tinctures, drops and other complex remedies that soothe and improve the functioning of the cardiovascular system.

However, you should not abuse valerian, because... Its continued use over a long period of time can cause disruption of the gastrointestinal tract (constipation).

Use in folk medicine

Already in Ancient Greece it was known about the influence of valerian on higher nervous activity. During the time of Hippocrates (V-IV centuries BC), the plant was used in the treatment of female diseases. Dioscorides considered valerian a remedy capable of “controlling” thoughts. Pliny classified it as a means of stimulating thought. In the Middle Ages, it was spoken of as a medicine that brings complacency, harmony and tranquility.

They have long known about medicinal valerian in Russia. It is mentioned in an old Russian handwritten herbal book from 1614, which talks about healing properties rhizomes and roots and the uselessness of the aboveground part of the plant. The “Uvarovsky” handwritten herbal book talks about preserving the medicinal properties of valerian for 3 years. Under Peter I, the industrial collection of plants for hospitals began.

In the 19th and 20th centuries, numerous works were devoted to experimental and clinical research of valerian. But even now it attracts the attention of researchers.

In folk medicine, valerian is used mainly as a sedative for mild heart ailments and stomach diseases, and also as a remedy for menopausal disorders. Valerian root is used to prepare an infusion used for insomnia, hypertension, headaches, asthma, convulsions, spasms, and hysteria.

Literature

1. State Pharmacopoeia of the USSR. Eleventh edition. Issue 1 (1987), issue 2 (1990).

2. State Register medicines. Moscow 2004.

3. Medicinal plants of the state pharmacopoeia. Pharmacognosy. (Ed. I.A. Samylina, V.A. Severtsev). – M., “AMNI”, 1999.

4. “Herbal medicine with the basics” clinical pharmacology"edited by V.G. Kukesa. – M.: Medicine, 1999.

5. P.S. Chikov. “Medicinal plants” M.: Medicine, 2002.

6. Sokolov S.Ya., Zamotaev I.P. Handbook of medicinal plants (herbal medicine). – M.: VITA, 1993.

7. Mannfried Palov. "Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants". Ed. Ph.D. biol. Sciences I.A. Gubanova. Moscow, "Mir", 1998.

8. Turova A.D. "Medicinal plants of the USSR and their use." Moscow. "Medicine". 1974.

9. Lesiovskaya E.E., Pastushenkov L.V. "Pharmacotherapy with the basics of herbal medicine." Tutorial. – M.: GEOTAR-MED, 2003.

10. Medicinal plants: Reference manual. / N.I. Grinkevich, I.A. Balandina, V.A. Ermakova and others; Ed. N.I. Grinkevich - M.: Higher School, 1991. - 398 p.

11. Plants for us. Reference manual / Ed. G.P. Yakovleva, K.F. Blinova. – Publishing house “Educational Book”, 1996. – 654 p.

12. Medicinal plant raw materials. Pharmacognosy: Textbook. allowance / Ed. G.P. Yakovlev and K.F. Blinova. – St. Petersburg: SpetsLit, 2004. – 765 p.

13. Forest cosmetics: Reference manual / L. M. Molodozhnikova, O. S. Rozhdestvenskaya, V. F. Sotnik. – M.: Ecology, 1991. – 336 p.

14. Healthy skin and herbal remedies/ Author: I. Pustyrsky, V. Prokhorov. – M. Machaon; Mn.: Book House, 2001. – 192 p.

15. Nosov A. M. Medicinal plants. – M.: EKSMO-Press, 2000. – 350 p.

16. Herbal medicine allergic diseases skin / V.F. Korsun, A.A. Kubanova, S. Ya. Sokolov and others - Mn.: "Polymya", 1998. - 426 p.

Valerian officinalis - Valeriana officinalis L.

RHIZOMES WITH VALERIAN ROOTS, FRESH - RHIZOMATA CUM RADICIBUS VALERIANE RECENTIA

RHIZOMES WITH VALERIAN ROOTS - RHIZOMATA CUM RADICIBUS VALERIANAE

Other names: pharmaceutical maun, cat root, magpie grass, shake grass, maun, meun

Botanical characteristics. A perennial herbaceous plant with a height of 50 cm to 2 m. In the first year of life, only a rosette of basal leaves is formed, in the second - flowering shoots. The rhizome is short, cone-shaped, vertical, with numerous thin cord-like roots. The stems are erect, hollow inside, ribbed, and pale purple in color at the bottom. The leaves are unpaired-pinnately dissected, the lower ones are petiolate, the upper ones are sessile. In the upper part the stem is branched and bears corymbose-paniculate inflorescences. The flowers are small, the corolla is white, pink or purple, funnel-shaped. There are three stamens, one pistil with a lower ovary. Fruit - achene Brown with a tuft (Fig. 5.18). It blooms from late May to August, the fruits ripen in July - September.

Rice. 5.18. Valerian officinalis – Valeriana officinalis L.

Spreading. Almost all over Russia. It does not form thickets suitable for harvesting, so it is cultivated in the middle zone on many specialized farms. Raw materials are obtained on plantations best quality. The rhizomes of cultivated plants are twice as large.

Habitat. It grows in a variety of environmental conditions: in grass and peat bogs, lowlands, swampy, sometimes saline meadows, along the banks of rivers and lakes, in thickets of bushes, in forest clearings and edges. In the northern regions, valerian has thinner roots, in the southern regions the rhizomes and roots are larger. Cultivated on fertile, moist soils.

Preparation. Harvesting rhizomes with valerian roots should be carried out in late autumn (late September - mid-October), when the growth of the root mass is completed. Harvesting in early spring before the start of the growing season is allowed, but this reduces the quality and yield of raw materials by almost half. Harvesting of raw materials on farms is carried out using a special combine or potato diggers. Rhizomes with roots are cleaned of the remains of aerial parts and soil, thick rhizomes are cut lengthwise, quickly washed with water (no more than 20 minutes) and dried with active ventilation, spread out in a layer of 3-5 cm.

Security measures. When harvesting wild-growing raw materials, after digging up the underground parts, the seeds from the plant are shaken off into the same hole where the roots were and covered with earth; in addition, all small plants and some large ones are left at the collection site for the regeneration of thickets. Stems with seeds are trimmed without damaging the rhizomes.

When harvesting, similar plants are sometimes collected. All impurities are easily recognized by the absence of a “valerian” smell in dry raw materials.

Drying. Dried rhizomes with roots are dried in dryers at a temperature not exceeding 35 °C. Dried roots should break, but not bend.

Standardization. GF XI, issue. 2, art. 77; Change No. 3 dated March 11, 1997; Change No. 5 dated 10.27.99.

External signs.Whole raw materials. Whole or cut along rhizomes up to 4 cm long, up to 3 cm thick, with a loose core, often hollow, with transverse partitions. Numerous thin adventitious roots, sometimes underground shoots - stolons, extend from the rhizome on all sides. The roots are often separated from the rhizome; they are smooth, brittle, of varying lengths, up to 3 mm thick. The color of the rhizome and roots on the outside is yellowish-brown, at the break - from yellowish to brown. The smell is strong, aromatic. The taste is spicy, sweetish-bitter. Crushed raw materials. Pieces of roots and rhizomes various shapes, light brown in color, passing through a sieve with holes with a diameter of 7 mm. The smell is strong, aromatic. The taste is spicy, sweetish-bitter. Powder grayish-brown color, passing through a sieve with holes measuring 0.2 mm. The smell is strong, aromatic. The taste is spicy, sweetish-bitter.

Microscopy. Whole, crushed raw materials. A cross section of the root reveals the epidermis (rhizoderm), the cells of which are often elongated into long hairs or papillae. The cells of the hypodermis are larger, often with drops of essential oil. The bark is wide, consists of homogeneous round parenchyma cells filled with starch grains, simple and 2-5-complex, 3-9 (less often up to 20) microns in size. The endoderm consists of cells with thickened radial walls. Young roots have a primary structure. Old roots in the basal part have a secondary structure with radiate wood (xylem) (Fig. 5.19). Powder. Under microscope visible fragments of parenchyma with simple and 2-5-complex starch grains, fragments of vessels, fragments cover tissue, individual starch grains, occasionally stony cells.

Rice. 5.19. Microscopy of valerian root:

A – root with a diameter of 1–2 mm; B – root with a diameter of 2–3 mm; B – root with a diameter of 4 mm: 1 – epidermis and hypodermis; 2 – bark; 3 – xylem; 4 – phloem; 5 – endoderm; 6 – cambium; D – fragment of a cross section of the root: 1 – epidermis; 2 – hypodermis; 3 – cortex cells with starch; 4 – endoderm; 5 – pericycle; 6 – phloem; 7 – xylem.

Chemical composition. About 100 individual substances were found in valerian raw materials. Rhizomes with roots contain from 0.5 to 2.4% essential oil, the main part of which is bornyl isovalerianate, and also contains free isovaleric acid and borneol, bicyclic monoterpenoids (camphene, pinene, terpineol), sesquiterpenoids (valerianal, valerenone, valerenic acid) , free valeric acid. The raw materials also contain iridoids - valepotriates (0.8-2.5%), tannins, triterpene saponins, organic acids, alkaloids, free amines.

Storage. According to the rules for storing essential oil raw materials, packed in bags and bales, in a cool, dry place. The shelf life of dried raw materials is 3 years. Freshly collected raw materials must be processed within 3 days in pharmaceutical factories.

Valerian has been known since ancient times. It was used as a mind cleanser, fragrance, and relaxant. Nowadays, valerian is used in both traditional and folk medicine. All parts of the plant have medicinal properties, but most of the beneficial substances are concentrated in the root. Healing herb It has virtually no contraindications and is approved for use even by small children over 1 year of age.

Valerian officinalis is a herbaceous perennial belonging to the Honeysuckle family. The erect, arched, grooved stems are from 1.2 to 1.8 m in height. Their branching occurs closer to the top, where the inflorescence is located. One valerian bush consists of several stems. Pinnately dissected leaves can be alternate or form whorls of 3–4 pieces.

The grass has a thick and short rhizome up to 4 cm long, no more than 3 cm thick. Most often it is hollow or has a loose core structure with partitions. Numerous roots, called stolons, up to 12 cm long and up to 3 cm in diameter, are directed in different directions from the rhizome; they are often separated from the rhizome and have a strong aromatic odor. A medicinal extract and essence with a pronounced spicy taste are prepared from them.

Small flowers up to 4 mm in diameter, white, pale pink or pale purple, have a funnel-shaped corolla with a five-lobed curve. Bisexual flowers are collected in paniculate inflorescences. Flowering of the plant begins in the second year of life and continues throughout the summer. The plant produces fruits in the form of achenes, which ripen from August to September.

The Mediterranean is considered the birthplace of valerian. It grows in areas with temperate and subtropical climates; in Russia it is found in the European part of the territory. The grass prefers to grow in lowland meadows, in wetlands, and is found in peat bogs. Valerian is found along the banks of reservoirs and on forest edges. It is grown on plantations for the needs of the pharmaceutical industry.

Sunflower root: beneficial properties, contraindications, recipes

2 Medicinal properties of valerian rhizome

Unlike others medicinal herbs, valerian does not have a main, pronounced active ingredient. All parts of the plant have medicinal properties, but in folk medicine the roots and rhizomes of the plant are most often used. It is in them that most of the essential oil is concentrated, containing about 100 active components that have a positive effect on the body.

Valerian essential oil contains the following substances:

macro- and microelements;
tannins;
alkaloids;
ketodes;
vitamins;
saponins;
alcohols;
organic acids and other useful components.

Most often, the plant is used as an antispasmodic and sedative. Valerian also has a healing choleretic effect and stimulates gastrointestinal secretion. Preparations created on the basis of valerian extract dilate coronary vessels well.

Dried valerian root

The main indications for the use of drugs with valerian are diseases of the nervous system: for insomnia, to relieve attacks of hysteria, for epilepsy, neuralgia, cardiac neuroses. Products with valerian are useful for relieving spasms, headaches and migraines, reducing blood pressure and relieving angina attacks.

Some valerian-based drugs, such as Valocordin or Cardiovalen, are prescribed together with other sedatives to extend their validity period. This treatment should not be used in children, as it slows them down. mental development and causes a state of apathy.

Licorice root: beneficial properties, rules of use and contraindications

2.1 Use of valerian preparations for women

For women, medications with valerian are prescribed to be taken during menopause to relieve fatigue and normalize sleep. They relieve irritability and improve overall well-being. Pregnant women are prescribed to take valerian in the form of tablets to relieve nervousness, as well as for cramps. Valerian tincture is contraindicated during pregnancy.

Women can take medicinal product, according to the instructions for use, in the form of tinctures, decoctions, in tablet form. If it is impossible to take the medicine in the form suggested, it can be replaced with a warm, relaxing bath with a decoction of valerian roots.

Rosehip root: beneficial properties and contraindications, application

2.2 Use of valerian for children

Valerian is prescribed to children for various nervous diseases, hyperactivity, apathy towards food, stomach cramps and intestinal tract. However, due to the powerful sedative effect, it is not recommended to take the drug without a doctor’s prescription or to exceed the dosage prescribed by a specialist. This causes depression in the child, allergic rash, drowsiness, developmental delays and digestive disorders.

Children under 1 yearGiving valerian preparations is strictly prohibited.

Children over 1 year old can be given no more than 1 drop of diluted tincture. When the child reaches the age of 2 years, the amount of the drug is increased to 2 drops and then according to the same scheme.

2.3 Effect of valerian preparations on men

The medicinal plant has an effect on men only with positive side, helping to reduce the intensity of muscle spasms, relieve exacerbation of cardiovascular diseases, and avoid nervous tension and overexcitability. Negative Impact valerian preparations for men sexual function consists only of drowsiness and decreased nervous excitability, which causes a natural decrease in attraction to the opposite sex.

3 Harvesting plant roots

Experienced herbalists advise collecting valerian roots in the fall, after the foliage turns brown and the seeds fly off. During harvesting, you need to be very careful not to confuse the brown rhizomes with the roots of other plants.

Having dug up the roots, they are cleared of soil and thoroughly washed with running water. For several days, the raw materials are dried with access to fresh air, and final drying is carried out in the attic or in the oven, setting the temperature no higher than +40 degrees. Prepared rhizomes are stored in dark glass or wooden containers, separately from other plants.

4 Homemade medicine recipes

At home, medicines are prepared from the roots and rhizomes of valerian in the form of decoctions, infusions and alcohol tinctures, which are useful for treating many diseases. Drug recipes:

Name	Preparation	Application
Infusion of valerian roots and rhizomes	Grind 10 g of dried roots and add 200 ml of boiling water. Simmer for 15 minutes in a water bath, then leave to brew for 2 hours and cool. After this, strain	Taken to normalize sleep and heartbeat, to eliminate vomiting and the consequences of vegetative neuroses. Take 1 tablespoon 4 times a day
Decoction of dried valerian roots	Grind 10 g of dry plant root to a particle size of 3 mm and pour 300 ml cool water. Heat the mixture in a water bath for half an hour, cool and strain	The decoction is used to treat vegetative neurosis, relieve seizures, stress, and normalize sleep. Drink the product three times a day, half a glass.
Decoction of fresh valerian rhizomes	It is prepared in the same way as a decoction of dry roots. Ratio of fresh raw materials and water 1:5	Used to treat neurasthenia and vegetoneurosis; to normalize sleep, take half a glass three times a day
Infusion of roots (1 option)	1 tbsp. l. crushed roots are poured with 1 cup of boiling water, placed in a thermos and left for 8 hours. Strain before use	The drug is useful for the treatment of tachycardia and chronic disorders blood circulation in coronary vessels. Drink 3 times a day. In the first 15 days, consume 1/3 cup, then 15 days, 2 tbsp. l., then 1 month 1 tbsp. l. After this, take a break for a month and take the course again
Infusion of roots (2 option)	1 dessert spoon of chopped raw materials is poured with 1 glass of boiling water and left to brew in a tightly closed container for 6–8 hours. Then the finished infusion is filtered	The drink is used to treat heart neuroses, skin rashes, including urticaria, eczema, neurodermatitis and psoriasis. The product is taken 1 tablespoon 3 times a day
Infusion of roots (3rd option)	1 teaspoon of chopped rhizomes is poured into 200 ml of boiling water and heated in a water bath for 1.5 hours. After cooling, strain and add the volume of liquid to 1 cup. cold water	The product is useful for treating migraines, eliminating gastrointestinal spasms, painful menstruation and feeling unwell during menopause. The drink is consumed warm, half a glass in the morning and evening. To improve the taste, you can add a little honey
Decoction for taking a bath	Add 3 liters of boiling water to 100 g of raw material and leave to brew for 2 hours. Then strain and pour into warm bath water	It is useful to take such a bath at night; it has a slight calming effect, relieves muscle tension, stress, relieves the effects of stress, normalizes sleep and makes for a healthier night's rest. Take a bath half an hour before going to bed. This procedure is also allowed for children.
Valerian root tincture	Place 50 g of chopped valerian rhizomes in a dark glass jar or bottle and add 500 ml of high-quality vodka. Place in a dark place for 10 days. Shake contents daily	The tincture is useful for calming the nervous system, relieving headaches and stress. It does not cause strong sedative effects. The finished tincture is taken in an amount of 20 to 30 drops 3 times a day
Recipe 5 tinctures	This recipe uses ready-made tinctures purchased at the pharmacy. Tinctures of valerian, hawthorn, motherwort, peony and the drug Corvalol are mixed in equal quantities. The mixture is poured into a dark glass bottle	The resulting medicine effectively calms the nervous system, relieves heart pain and improves heart function, eliminates spasms of the stomach and intestines, and normalizes digestion. Start drinking the medicine with 12 drops, diluting the drug into 50 ml warm water. Every day the amount of the drug is increased by 2 drops, bringing the total amount to 40 drops. The course of treatment ranges from 25 to 35 days

5 Contraindications

Most often, treatment with valerian root preparations is well tolerated by patients. But in the case of hypertension, their use causes the opposite effect of sedation. The person experiences an excited state, sleep disturbances, and possible nightmares.

Contraindications to the use of valerian-based medicines are:

Since valerian-based products increase blood clotting, they should be taken with great caution in old age, especially if there is a predisposition to heart attacks or strokes. It is also worth considering the side effects observed when taking valerian preparations: drowsiness, decreased performance, and depression. With continuous use, gastrointestinal disorders may occur: constipation and, in some cases, hypersensitivity.

Valerian, medicinal properties and contraindications, which will be discussed in detail in the article, is often used to calm the nervous system. The pharmaceutical properties of this plant have been compared to powerful sedatives, since it has a cumulative effect and has an alkaloid-mineral complex.

Description of the complex and rich composition of valerian

Unlike other types of herbs, valerian does not have a main active ingredient, but still, there is one component - essential oil, which has the characteristic smell of this plant. The composition is an ideal combination of more than 100 biologically active substances, which together have a positive effect on the body.

The healing properties of essential oil lie in the combined action of such constituent components, as micro- and macroelements, alkaloids, tannins, ketodes, a complex of vitamins, alcohols (the main one is isovaleric), saponins, esters. In total, the roots and rhizomes contain up to 2% essential oil. It also contains formic, palmitic, malic, stearic and acetic acids, terpinoids, camphene, pinenes and glycochidic compounds.

General medicinal properties

The medicinal properties of valerian have a versatile effect, but most of all they have a depressant effect on the central nervous system and help reduce muscle spasms.

Drops in the form of an alcohol tincture are taken for:

In folk medicine, the plant is known as a medicine against flatulence, worms and poor appetite. The crushed roots are brewed into powder and made into decoctions, which are used in the treatment of typhus, lung diseases, scarlet fever and headaches.

Important! Valerian-based drugs, for example, Valocordin, Cardiovalen, are used together with other sedatives to prolong their effect. This complex is absolutely not suitable for children, as it will contribute to slow development and apathy.

A useful infusion for washing the eyes of children and adults, as well as for general strengthening body. The effect of treatment occurs only with regular use, and not with a one-time dose.

The ancient people also knew about the properties of valerian; the plant extract was added to perfumes and attracted cats to it, which became intoxicated by the characteristic aroma.

For women

Rhizomes and roots have medicinal properties for women. The plant is used:

During menopause. During the period of restructuring of the body, insomnia and a feeling of fatigue are noted. It is valerian (tablets, decoctions) that helps improve sleep, relieve irritability and significantly improve overall health.
During pregnancy. During this period, women are dangerous in any way. nervous condition and overexertion, as this can affect the health of the unborn baby. The healing properties during pregnancy include an antispasmodic and sedative effect.

Important! Pregnant women should not take valerian tincture, since it contains alcohol; it is better to give preference to tablets or decoctions.

The use of drugs or decoctions of valerian root is recommended for women with anxiety, nervous excitement, stress, tearfulness, and insomnia. An alternative to internal use is a warm, relaxing bath with a decoction of the plant (7-8 tablespoons of crushed roots, brew in 1 liter of boiling water, infuse and pour out).

For children

Not strong enough nervous system The child develops unstable behavior, excitability, restlessness and capriciousness. Doctors prescribe valerian to children for the following disorders:

How much should children drink? Despite vegetable origin valerian is powerful sedative, therefore it is important to follow the dosage instructions that come with pharmaceutical tinctures and tablets. Abuse of medications based on valerian roots can lead to depression, decreased performance, drowsiness, allergic rash, problems with stool, and developmental delays.

Important! Along with its indications, valerian has side effects from its use (inflammation of the kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, individual intolerance), so treatment should be prescribed by a specialist.

Valerian herb is contraindicated for children under 1 year of age. After the baby has celebrated his first year, you can give him 1 drop, a 2-year-old child - 2 drops, and so on.

For men

The use of valerian root in medicine has not spared the stronger half of humanity. Moreover, for some reason the herb is considered a remedy that reduces potency. This is an erroneous opinion, since male strength directly depends on the concentration of testosterone in the blood, the production of which is not affected by valerian. Vice versa, medicinal root able to cope with the problems of cardiovascular diseases (tachycardia, arrhythmias), reduce the frequency of muscle spasms, avoid increased excitability and nervous tension.

Valerian can only cause drowsiness and a decrease in nervous excitability, which can contribute to a decrease in sexual desire for the opposite sex.

Ways to use valerian root

Valerian root, which has medicinal properties and contraindications, has several uses:

Interior. Used for flatulence, nervous excitement, anxiety, gastrointestinal spasms, headaches.

Recipe No. 1 - 2 tsp. Brew crushed roots in 1 tbsp. boiling water To maximize the saturation of the liquid with beneficial substances, it is recommended to further bring the infusion to readiness in a water bath for 15 minutes. How to use? - 1 tbsp. l. up to 4 times a day on an empty stomach.

Recipe No. 2 - make a mixture of herbs from valerian rhizomes, yarrow (flowers), motherwort and anise fruits. Proportions: herbs 20 g, fruits - 10 g. Pour 1 tbsp. l. collection with 1 glass of boiling water, bring to readiness in a water bath for 20 minutes, let cool, strain, add more to the glass boiled water to replenish the original volume. How to drink? - 1/3 glass 3 times a day before meals. The decoction is recommended for use for heart problems.

Recipe No. 3 - for insomnia. This is a classic decoction, when 1 tbsp. l. pour 1 cup of boiling water over the raw materials and continue boiling for another 15 minutes. Next, leave for 40 minutes, filter and take 1 tbsp. l. 3 times a day (children - 1 tsp.)

Aromatherapy (for insomnia). How to cook? Mix 100 g of crushed mint and valerian roots, place in gauze, inhale before bed or place near the pillow. The inhalation procedure can also be repeated at night.

Important! Valerian inhalations can lead to headaches after waking up in the morning; in this case, reduce the dosage of the herb, which is placed in a gauze bag, or reduce the number of times you inhale the aroma.

Aromatherapy can be carried out for up to 4 months without a break, but in this case, it would be useful to listen to the opinion of a doctor.

Contraindications

For people with diseases such as enterocolitis, hypertension, cirrhosis, glomerulonephritis and other liver diseases, the use of the root or rhizome is contraindicated. Elderly men and women, as well as those with drowsiness, should take the plant with caution.

For alcohol addiction

Valerian tincture, medicinal properties and contraindications, which were discussed in the article, are prohibited for use in case of alcoholism. The herb has the ability to depress the central nervous system, suppress nervous excitement and its combination with alcoholic drinks leads to the development of depression, slowed functioning of nerve cells, and pressure surges.

Valerian also causes harm to the stomach with regular consumption of alcohol. The combination of incompatible components leads to increased mucus production and an increase in alcohol toxicity several times.

Correct preparation

Valerian roots have medicinal properties, so they are the ones to be harvested. They are dug up in the fall, before the stems are shed, washed well in cold water, and subjected to light antiseptic treatment, dry in the fresh air and place in a dry, well-ventilated area, such as an attic.

Important! Harvesting roots after frost is not recommended, since the roots become intertwined near growing plants and also acquire the smell of valerian. Thus, it becomes possible to confuse roots that do not have medicinal properties; worse, they have toxins and poisons.

After going through all the stages of harvesting, the plant acquires a characteristic fragrant odor due to the release of bornyl isovaleric acid.

One of the most famous natural medicines is valerian root, a herb found everywhere in Russia. This part of the plant has many valuable properties, therefore, “catnip” is cultivated to obtain dry raw materials with a high content of active components. It is stored for a long time and is used in the manufacture of herbal remedies for various indications.

Chemical composition and nutrients

The main difference between valerian rhizome is the recognizable unusual smell that the essential oil imparts. It has a sedative effect, helps get rid of seizures, relieve nervous tension. The components also include:

trace elements (iodine, iron, calcium, selenium);
saponins, vitamins (especially tonic C);
alkaloids, tannins;
natural sugars, organic acids.

Components are not lost healing power, in whatever form the raw materials are stored - whole or ground into powder brown pieces of root.

pharmachologic effect

The most well-known property of the Valeriana plant, due to which it gained popularity, is its calming effect. You can reduce anxiety, increase stress resistance, and restore restful sleep if you inhale the aroma or take baths with the infusion. You can eliminate pain caused by tension in smooth and striated muscles - in the arms, legs, back, uterus, and gastrointestinal tract. This is explained by the neuroregulatory effect of essential oil components, most valuable substance contained in valerian raw materials. In addition, it helps:

regulate the functioning of the heart by acting through the central nervous system;
improve blood circulation, remove tachycardia;
lower arterial pressure, relieve symptoms of asthma, epilepsy, menopause (Bornean camphor included in the juice dilates blood vessels);
get rid of some eye diseases;
harmonize digestion and related processes, especially bile secretion;
lose weight, reduce appetite, dull the feeling of hunger (the easiest way is to add the leaves of the plant to regular salads);
increase immunity when taken as part of preparations - for prevention, treatment during epidemics;
relieve syndromes accompanying manifestations of vegetative-vascular dystonia, manic-depressive state, radiculitis, migraine, thrombophlebitis.

Doctors note the benefits of alkaloids that normalize heartbeat. They successfully reduce motor activity, relieve stuttering and convulsions when frightened. Therefore, products based on “catnip” can be prescribed to children.

Use of valerian root for medicinal purposes

This component of the plant can be bought at a pharmacy or prepared independently. Medicinal preparations are sold in press briquettes, boxes of powder, portions packaged in filter bags. Can be purchased alcohol tincture, a pack of tablets, dragees, a specialized pharmaceutical. Experienced craftsmen planning to collect natural raw materials look for an ecologically clean area and go there from late August to early September, when the seeds fly around. It is necessary to be able to distinguish valerian from other herbs in the vicinity of which it often grows. To avoid poisoning, it is important not to mix dug up valerian rhizomes (they must be at least 2 years old, approximately 3 cm in diameter), which have long, sharp-smelling, bitter-sweet-tasting shoots, with components of other plants.

The workpieces, cleared of impurities, should be washed with cold water, dried in the wind, dried at a low temperature naturally or artificially. Place in thick cardboard boxes, glass jars, paper bags, then use as needed. Shelf life and intended use is a maximum of three years.

Normalization of sleep

One tbsp. Brew a spoonful of raw materials with a glass of boiling water, put on low heat for 10-15 minutes, drink fresh. This is a recipe for a classic decoction - herbal tea. You can combine its use with soothing baths (boil 10 tablespoons of powder in 1 liter of hot water for 10 minutes, then leave for 6 times longer), aromatherapy (put a pillow soaked in plant oil or stuffed with a mixture of valerian with hops and mint at the head of the bed) .

Elimination of spasms and pain

For 1 tbsp. l. raw materials, take 1 cup of boiling water, cook for a quarter of an hour over low heat, leave for 45-50 minutes. Strain, drink 3 times a day, 1 tbsp. l. for an adult, 1 teaspoon for a child. It comprehensively helps get rid of flatulence, migraines, nervous stress, and lower high blood pressure.

Normalization of blood pressure and heart function

An infusion of 1 tbsp helps. spoons of valerian root, poured hot water(approximately 500 ml) in a thermos and aged for 8 hours. You should drink it for 2 months three times a day: 2 weeks 45-55 ml, the same amount 30-35 ml, then 15-20 ml. If you initially reduce the dose to a minimum and take the drug a maximum of 3 times a day, it allows you to cure tachycardia, neuroses, skin diseases such as neurodermatitis, eczema (accompanied by itching).

Improvement of the digestive system

Pour 10 g of raw material into 300 ml of water, keep on fire for 15 minutes, cool. Drink 3-4 times a day. Helps relieve gastrointestinal spasms. Positive side effects - relief of well-being with a reduced reaction rate, menopause, painful periods, endometriosis, hypertensive attacks, rapid pulse, other similar disorders.

Weight loss

An effective specialized - anorexigenic - remedy can be purchased at a pharmacy (for example, tablets of cryo-ground valerian of various releases) or prepared with your own hands. It is necessary to brew 10 g of rhizome with 1 cup of boiling water, hold for 15 minutes in a water bath, then leave for 2 hours. Strain, take 1 tbsp before each meal. spoon.

Strengthening immunity

Valerian roots should be mixed in equal parts with plant materials - linden flowers, oregano, coriander seeds, cudweed, lemon balm, motherwort, hop cones. Scald the teapot, pour boiling water over the mixture in it (1 full tablespoon per 0.5 l). Wrap the container for at least 1.5-2, maximum 8 hours. Drink fresh vitamin-containing liquid 2-3 times a day. Side positive effect– harmonizing effect on digestive system(if you add more cucumber), lowering pressure.

Depressant

You can use a standard water (on an empty stomach, 1 tablespoon three times a day, course for at least several days, maximum two months) or alcohol infusion. The latter acts immediately and quickly, further dilating the blood vessels. Adult men and women can be given 15-20 drops, children - not infants, with the consent of the doctor - for as long as they are old. One of the manufacturing options is to keep 50 g of crushed raw materials placed in 0.5 liters of vodka in a closed vessel for 7-10 days, without lighting, shaking regularly. For any patient, the product must be greatly diluted, then it will act without harm, quickly relieving stress, fear, and nervous shock.

External use: pour into the bath a solution of 3 cups of crushed rhizomes, brewed with 1 liter of water and simmered for a third to a quarter of an hour over low heat. 10 minutes of relaxation is enough to stop the signs of overexcitation, panic attacks, reduce tearfulness, anxiety.

Eye diseases

In case of inflammation or dry mucous membranes, it is necessary to wash the sore spots with filtered valerian decoction. Another option is to make lotions mixed with eyebright infusion (before bed, when you can achieve complete relaxation). A side effect is improved vision with slight muscle fatigue.

Vessel cleaning

Mix 100 g of dill seeds and 50 g of ground valerian raw materials. Pour 2 liters of hot water. Leave to cool to 40°C, add 2 tablespoons of honey. Place in a resealable container, wrap in a towel, and keep warm for 1 day. Take 20 days after 10 (do two repetitions), 30 minutes before meals, 1 tbsp. spoon. Helps reduce pain, has a general healing effect on hypertension, atherosclerosis, varicose veins, and circulatory disorders.

Use in folk medicine

There are many ways to use valerian in specific circumstances, adapting recipes to produce the desired effect. People take traditional means, prepared using standard methods, but dosages are calculated and principles of administration are selected individually. According to reviews, you can:

make sachets from dry herbal raw materials - sew mini-pads and bags with a certain amount of filler;
drip oil onto radiators, place saucers with it on cabinets so that the healing, soothing smell spreads throughout the room faster;
in the evening, inhale the aroma of the collection or alcohol infusion alternately with both nostrils (useful for chronic hypertensive patients, people with temporarily high blood pressure);
brew valerian with regular tea(black, green), chamomile, hawthorn, rosehip berries, drink instead of capsules and tablets that do not have an effect.

Experiment with the instructions and medical recommendations application is not prohibited if high-quality plant material is used. Its appearance and properties must correspond to the traditional description.

Harm and contraindications

Clearly expressed side effects“catnip” does not, since it requires systematic, regular, fairly long-term use. The principle of its effect, like many other natural remedies, is cumulative. However, every person’s body reacts to active ingredients differently. Therefore, from the point of view of pharmacokinetics, the medicinal properties and contraindications of valerian cannot be standardized or characterized unambiguously.

It is necessary to stop using the herb if drowsiness, depression, slow reactions, nausea, constipation, headaches, heart pain, memory loss, problems with brain function, or unusual sensations appear. This applies to any form of herbal medicine - tablets, decoctions, extracts, flavorings. There is no need to give such products to animals, especially cats.

Alcohol infusions and solutions should not be taken by women during pregnancy (especially during early stages fetal development) and feeding, infants, children under 3 years of age, those with hypotension (low blood pressure), individual intolerance to individual components, allergies. People suffering from intestinal sluggishness, constipation, bradypsychia, hypertension, alcoholism, liver pain of unknown etiology, taking valocordin and similar drugs with similar names.

One of harmful properties medicinal valerian– the ability to negatively affect the body, worsen the condition with serious overdoses (for example, if you eat too many pills or drink infusions for a long time). The phenomenon is observed when bioactive components accumulate in the tissues of the body, then symptoms of pathologies that already exist in a person develop.

State Pharmacopoeia of the USSR edition 11 part 2 1990 (GF 11 part 2) pp. 369-371. Rhizomes with valerian roots.

77. RHIZOMATA CUM RADICIBUS VALERIANE
RHIZOMES WITH VALERIAN ROOTS
Collected in autumn or early spring, freed from the remains of leaves and stems, washed from the ground and dried rhizomes with roots of perennial cultivated and wild plants herbaceous plant valerian - Valeriana officinalis L. s. 1., sem. valerian - Valerianaceae.

External signs. Whole raw materials. Whole or cut rhizomes up to 4 cm long, up to 3 cm thick, with a loose core, often hollow, with transverse partitions. Numerous thin adventitious roots, sometimes underground shoots - stolons, extend from the rhizome on all sides. The roots are often separated from the rhizome, smooth, brittle, of varying lengths, up to 3 cm thick. The color of the rhizome and roots on the outside is yellowish-brown, at the break from yellowish to brown. The smell is strong, aromatic. The taste is spicy, sweetish-bitter.
Crushed raw materials. Pieces of roots and rhizomes of various shapes, light brown in color, passing through a sieve with holes with a diameter of 7 mm. The smell is strong, aromatic. The taste is spicy, sweetish-bitter.
Grayish-brown powder passing through a sieve with holes 0.2 mm in size. The smell is strong, aromatic. The taste is spicy, sweetish-bitter.

Microscopy. A cross section of the root reveals the epidermis, the cells of which are often elongated into long hairs or papillae. The cells of the hypodermis are larger, often with drops of essential oil. The bark is wide, consists of homogeneous round parenchyma cells filled with starch grains, simple and 2-5-complex, 3-9 (less often up to 20) microns in size. The endoderm consists of cells with thickened radial walls. Young roots have a primary structure. Old roots in the basal part have a secondary structure with radiate wood.
Powder. Under the microscope, fragments of parenchyma with simple and 2-5-complex starch grains, fragments of vessels, pieces of cork tissue, individual starch grains, and occasionally stony cells are visible.

Numerical indicators. Whole raw materials. Extractive substances extracted with 70% alcohol, no less than 25%; humidity no more than 15%; total ash no more than 14%; ash, insoluble in a 10% solution of hydrochloric acid, no more than 10%; other parts of valerian (remains of stems and leaves, including those separated during analysis), as well as old dead rhizomes no more than 5%; organic impurity no more than 2%; mineral impurity no more than 3%.
Crushed raw materials. Extractive substances extracted with 70% alcohol, no less than 25%; humidity no more than 15%; total ash no more than 13%; ash, insoluble in a 10% solution of hydrochloric acid, no more than 10%; other parts of valerian (remnants of stems and leaves), as well as old dead rhizomes no more than 5%; particles that do not pass through a sieve with holes with a diameter of 7 mm, no more than 10%; particles passing through a sieve with holes measuring 0.5 mm, no more than 10%; organic impurity no more than 2%; mineral impurity no more than 1%:
Powder. Extractive substances extracted with 70% alcohol, no less than 25%; humidity no more than 10%; total ash no more than 13%; ash, insoluble in a 10% solution of hydrochloric acid, no more than 10%; particles that do not pass through a sieve with holes measuring 0.2 mm, no more than 1%.

Package. Whole raw materials are packaged in fabric bales no more than 40 kg net and in fabric or flax-jute-kenaf bags no more than 20 kg net; crushed - in fabric or flax-jute-kenaf bags no more than 30 kg net; powder - in paper bags, followed by placement in fabric or flax-jute-kenaf bags, no more than 20 kg net.
Crushed raw materials 100 g are packaged in type II paper bags, followed by insertion into cardboard packs 8-1-4.

Shelf life: 3 years.
Calming (sedative) agent.