home Audience 6 Is it necessary to dilute magnesium when administered intramuscularly? Magnesia to lower blood pressure: how to inject intramuscularly for hypertension

Is it necessary to dilute magnesium when administered intramuscularly? Magnesia to lower blood pressure: how to inject intramuscularly for hypertension

Magnesia - what is it? You will learn about this from the materials in this article. It also contains information about how and for what purposes this substance is used, whether it has contraindications and side effects.

General information

Magnesia - what is it and what properties does this product have? According to experts, this drug contains magnesium salt of sulfuric acid. It has no auxiliary components.

The therapeutic effectiveness of this medication has long been proven. Thanks to its numerous effects, it is successfully used in completely different branches of medicine (neurology, gynecology, gastroenterology, etc.).

What properties does magnesia have? What it is? This is a tool that has the following effects:

choleretic;
vasodilator;
tocolytic (relaxes the smooth muscles of the uterus);
antispasmodic (with some analgesic effect);
anticonvulsant;
weak diuretic;
antiarrhythmic;
soothing;
laxative.

Release form and packaging

What form is inherent in the drug magnesia? The instructions for use state that this product is available in different forms:

25% solution for injection in ampoules of 10 or 5 ml;
powder for preparing a suspension, which is packaged in packages of 10, 25 and 20 g;
balls, briquettes of magnesium sulfate and powder for athletes.

Pharmacology

Intramuscular administration of this medicine is accompanied by severe pain.

Side effects

Against the background of use this tool Patients often experience side effects. The most common ones include:

sweating, depression of the heart, flushing of the face;
bradycardia, arrhythmias, decreased blood pressure;
headache, central nervous system depression; state of anxiety;
asthenia, vomiting;
low temperature, diarrhea, polyuria;
nausea, thirst, flatulence and spastic pain.

Magnesia (magnesium sulfate) – medicine, suggesting an intravenous or intramuscular route of administration. This drug is characterized by a wide range of applications. It is prescribed as an antiarrhythmic, sedative, vasodilator, anticonvulsant, antispasmodic, and mild diuretic. If the dosage is not observed, Magnesia can have a depressing effect on the nervous system, cause drowsiness, and suppress the respiratory centers.

Is it possible to inject Magnesia intramuscularly?

The priority of the intravenous route of drug administration is explained increased risk the occurrence of side effects when administering Magnesia intramuscularly, which is extremely undesirable. In addition, the intramuscular use of Magnesia is very sensitive, therefore, when choosing this method of administering the injection, it is mixed with Novocaine. In addition to the above nuances, the use of magnesium sulfate intramuscularly is allowed in the same cases as intravenously.

Indications and contraindications for intramuscular use of Magnesia

Magnesia is usually administered intramuscularly in case of hypertensive crisis and is actively practiced by emergency doctors to normalize blood pressure. Please note that although Magnesia is commonly used to combat high blood pressure, it is best to avoid this drug on one's own. To avoid side effects, if possible, you should choose a different medicine.

Conditions that are indications for the use of Magnesia:

gestosis accompanied by convulsions;
retention of urine outflow;
hypomagnesemia - acute lack of magnesium in the body;
salt poisoning heavy metals;
epileptic seizures.

Contraindications for the use of Magnesia:

dehydration;
AV blockade is a condition accompanied by a violation of the conduction of impulses into the ventricles from the atria;
intestinal obstruction;
acute renal failure;
appendicitis;
rectal bleeding;
bradycardia;
hypotension;
respiratory impairment;
the first three months of pregnancy and the prenatal period.

How to inject Magnesia intramuscularly?

Injections of the drug are allowed only as prescribed by a doctor. This is explained high probability serious side effects, in case of overdose, the ability of the drug to depress respiratory, nervous and even cardiac activity.

The drug is administered into the thickness of the muscle, quite deeply. Therefore, the length of the needle on the syringe should reach 4 cm. Before administering the drug, the ampoule is warmed up to body temperature. The injection itself is performed in the buttock according to the following scheme:

Having mentally divided the buttock into four parts, inject into the upper quarter of the body, farthest from the axis. This prevents the risk of inflammation, reduces the likelihood of getting into adipose tissue.

Before the procedure, treat the injection site disinfectant. The most common remedy is alcohol; if it is unavailable, Chlorhexidine can be used. The needle is inserted sharply, followed by careful pressing of the piston, injecting the drug as slowly as possible.

Due to the pain of using Magnesia intramuscularly, it is mixed with Lidocaine or Novocaine.

There are 2 methods of administering the drug:

Magnesia together with Novocaine is diluted in one syringe (for 1 ampoule of 20-25% magnesia solution, use 1 ampoule of Novocaine).
Each drug is drawn into a separate syringe, Novocaine is injected, the syringe is disconnected, and the needle remains in place, Magnesia is injected into the same needle.

Many people have heard about such a drug as magnesia. After all, it is often recommended for gynecological, neuralgic problems, and in the treatment of gastroenterological diseases. Indeed, many diseases are included in the list of indications, but when is magnesia injected intravenously, and when intramuscularly, and why does this drug have such a spectrum of action?

Effect on the body

This drug has the simplest composition: injection water and magnesium salt of sulfuric acid. There is no need to add additional components or impurities to be effective. Magnesium preparations can contain different percentages of active salt; in pharmacies you can even find completely undissolved magnesium salt powders. Injection ampoules usually have 25% dry matter with a volume of 5 and 10 ml. A single box will contain 10 ampoules of the selected volume and must have instructions for use.

The fundamental effect of magnesium when injected is vasodilatory. It also relieves spasms, relieving any pain in the body. It is used in gynecology due to its properties of reducing tension in the smooth muscles of the uterus, which is sometimes required during pregnancy with hypertonicity and the threat of early labor.

Magnesia intramuscularly, as well as intravenously, is used to relieve seizures. Prescribed for the treatment of arrhythmia and blood pressure, prevention of bile stagnation and other gallstone problems. It has mild diuretic and laxative properties and acts as a mild sedative. As a laxative, magnesium is administered through an enema or a diluted powder is drunk. The instructions for use will tell you the amount of diluted powder.

An intravenous injection will give immediate results, but the drug will only act for half an hour. An intramuscular injection gives results in an hour, but it will take 3-4 hours to act on the body. The instructions for use warn: large doses of the solution have a more pronounced hypnotic and tocolytic effect, and a weak narcotic effect. Be sure to follow the dosages and check with your doctor-supervisor whether you can change the dosages yourself, based on how you feel.

Magnesia is used in physiotherapy: electrophoresis, simple healing compresses, health baths. Electrophoresis procedures are prescribed for local vasodilation, and occasionally for a calming effect. Some people use such electrophoresis to eliminate warts.

Compresses are very effective as stimulants of regeneration processes. Contact of diluted magnesium sulfate with skin or open wound, accelerates blood circulation in the area, relieves pain, and hematomas and lumps quickly resolve. In practice, dressings are made with this solution.

Indications for use

Due to its broad effect on the body, in general, magnesium in injections has various indications. The instructions for use state what deviations will be indicated and when injections should be given. This:

Deficiency of substances such as magnesium and potassium;
Increased mental excitability;
Ventricular arrhythmias;
Convulsive syndromes;
Increased physical activity;
Brain swelling;
Epilepsy;
Arrhythmia;
Hypertension;
Eclampsia;
Cholecystitis;
Encephalopathy;
Hypotonic biliary dyskinesia;
Bronchial asthma;
Increased sweating;
Heavy metal poisoning;
Retention of urine and feces;
Duodenal sounding;
Treatment of skin problems.

The use of magnesia can also be used for other diseases when a vasodilating effect is necessary. The doctor-supervisor prescribes magnesia intramuscularly, as well as intravenously, only individually, based on clinical picture patient. Magnesia has its contraindications, which should be checked before use.

Contraindications

No one drug is suitable for everyone. Moreover, some disorders of the body will be categorical contraindications to the use of magnesia in injections of any kind and orally. Avoid using magnesium in the following cases:

This is just part general contraindications. Personal intolerance to magnesium sulfate is also possible. Ignoring contraindications or non-compliance with the recommended dosage can lead to similar phenomena.

Side effects

Adverse reactions of the body are possible during treatment with any drug. The instructions for use indicate that they are extremely rare and also occur due to dosage violations or improper intravenous administration.

The following complications have been noted:
Flushed face;
Nausea, extremely rarely - vomiting;
Sweating;
Headache;
Decrease in temperature;
Arrhythmia;
A sharp decrease in blood pressure;
Bradycardia;
Suppression of the heart muscle;
CNS depression;
Anxious state;
Confusion in consciousness;
Asthenia;
Polyuria;
Dry mouth and thirst;
Spasmodic pain;
Flatulence;
Diarrhea.

It is also necessary to pay attention to the sensations during intravenous administration. Too much quick introduction may immediately give a number of unpleasant sensations and these should be immediately reported to the person administering the injection. Anxious feelings will be increasing headache, too much blood rush to the face, dizziness, slow heartbeat, uneven pulse.

Interaction with other drugs

Magnesium sulfate reacts with other drugs. Magnesium enhances the effect of some, and, on the contrary, reduces some. There are a number of components with which magnesia is incompatible.

The effect will be enhanced:

Ciprofloxacin;
Muscle relaxants.

Efficiency decreases:

Phenothiazine;
Nifedipine;
Streptomycin;
Tobramycin;
Ciprofloxacin.

Calcium preparations are an antidote to magnesium sulfate and are incompatible with magnesium. They are administered in case of overdose of magnesium. Incompatibility is expressed with the following components:

Application

The dosage is always calculated individually, based on the diagnosis and general state patient. The course is also selected exclusively for each patient. Magnesia with a concentration of 25% is used for injections. When administered intramuscularly, it does not require additional dilution. Intravenous administration allows dilution with 5% glucose or sodium chloride. Intravenous infusion can be a very slow stream or drip.

Injections are often accompanied unpleasant sensations. Intramuscular ones are usually quite painful, intravenous ones are expressed by “hot” sensations in the vein and the injection site. As the drug is infused, the “burning” decreases.

Conclusion

Despite wide application magnesia, and a small list of contraindications, never decide to take a course on your own or do one-time injections. In case of complications, be sure to call a doctor and do not wait for it to “go away on its own.” Each body reacts uniquely to substances.

Magnesium sulfate or Magnesia is medicinal product has a fairly wide spectrum of action, which is most often used for intravenous and intramuscular administration. The medicine has a vasodilator, hypotensive, sedative, anticonvulsant, antiarrhythmic, antispasmodic and weak diuretic effect. IN large doses The drug has a depressant effect on the nervous system, has a hypnotic and narcotic effect, and suppresses the respiratory centers.

Is it possible to inject Magnesia intramuscularly?

This is due to the fact that when intramuscular injection higher risk of unwanted side effects. Besides, intramuscular injections Magnesia is very painful, so usually with this administration the drug is mixed with novocaine.

But otherwise intramuscular injections Magnesia is not prohibited and can be used in the same cases as intravenous.

Indications and contraindications for intramuscular use of Magnesia

Most often, Magnesia is administered intramuscularly for high blood pressure and hypertensive crisis. This method of normalizing blood pressure is often used by emergency doctors. Although intramuscular use Magnesia at high blood pressure and is a fairly common method, but taking into account the possible side effects, it is better not to carry out such procedures on your own, and, if possible, limit yourself to taking other medications.

The introduction of Magnesia into the muscle is also indicated for:

(one of the types of late toxicosis of pregnancy) with convulsions;
hypomagnesemia (acute lack of magnesium in the body);
epileptic seizures;
urinary retention;
poisoning with salts of heavy metals (mercury, lead, arsenic, barium).

Magnesia should not be administered if:

acute;
AV blockade (impaired conduction of impulses from the atria to the ventricles);
appendicitis;
intestinal obstruction;
rectal bleeding;
bradycardia;
respiratory disorders;
hypotension;
dehydration;
in the first trimester of pregnancy and in the period 2 hours before birth.

How to inject Magnesia intramuscularly?

Magnesia may cause serious side effects, and in case of overdose, suppress cardiac, nervous and respiratory activity, therefore injections of the drug are carried out only as prescribed by a doctor.

The drug must be injected deep into the thickness of the muscle, therefore for administration you need a syringe with a long (about 4 cm) needle.

Before injection, the ampoule with the medicine must be warmed to body temperature. Injections of the drug are made into the buttock:

Mentally divide the buttock into 4 parts. The injection is made in the upper quarter, more distant from the axis of the body. In this case, the risk of getting into adipose tissue is minimal, as is the likelihood of inflammation.
The injection site must first be wiped with a disinfectant (usually alcohol, but in its absence, Chlorhexidine can be used).
The needle is inserted sharply until it stops, after which the syringe plunger is gently pressed. The drug should be administered as slowly as possible, at least 2 minutes.

Since intramuscular injections of Magnesia are very painful, it is usually administered together with Novocaine or Lidocaine. Wherein There are two equally commonly used methods of administration:

In the first case, Magnesia and Novocaine are mixed in one syringe, per one ampoule of 20-25% magnesia solution, one ampoule of 1-2% novocaine.
In the second case, magnesia and novocaine are drawn into separate syringes. First, an injection of novocaine is given, after which the syringe is disconnected, leaving the needle in the body, and then a second drug is injected through the same needle.

For the safest possible administration of Magnesia, the patient must lie down during injection, so it will not be possible to give such injections on your own.

Why are Magnesia injections prescribed?

Magnesia or magnesium sulfate is a drug that provides wide range beneficial effect on the body. It is recognized in the pharmaceutical market and has good feedback. The medication is used against a number of pathological diseases. Let's look at what pharmaceuticals help with and why they are prescribed by doctors.

Medicinal effect of injections

Intramuscular and intravenous administration allows you to achieve a hypotonic, sedative, vasodilator effect. In addition, the product relieves existing convulsions and arrhythmia.

After intravenous use, the effect occurs within a few seconds and up to half an hour, while when the medication enters the muscle, the effect occurs after about 60 minutes and retains its ability for 3-4 hours.

When administered intramuscularly, the drug begins its effect after 1 hour. Its duration reaches 3–4 hours, and when administered intravenously, it acts in a matter of seconds and remains active for up to half an hour.

Indications for use

Magnesia injections are indicated in the fight against a number of ailments, in particular:

Edema of the brain and its organic lesions;
Epileptic seizures;
Lack of magnesium in the circulatory system;
Ventricular arrhythmia;
Severe nervous overexcitation;
Excessive sweating;
Hypotonic dyskinesia of the bile ducts;
Cholecystitis;
Asthma of bronchial type;
Heavy metal poisoning;
Difficulties in the process of emptying and urine retention.

Contraindications

Low blood pressure;
Problems with cardiac impulses;
Heart rate abnormalities;
Carrying a child;
Appendix;
Bleeding from the anus;
State of dehydration;
Intestinal obstruction and feces;
Obvious pathologies of the renal system.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

Based on the rules for receiving the studied pharmaceutical product, it is not indicated in the prenatal period. However, in some situations, under strict medical supervision, this measure sometimes necessary. Wherein dosage form Injection only is indicated.

Magnesia is used to relax the smooth muscles of the uterus, preventing miscarriage or childbirth earlier than expected. The danger of use is associated with contact active elements medication into the woman’s blood and, accordingly, into the fetus. In this situation, they can provoke respiratory disorders and low blood pressure in the unborn child. It is unacceptable to use the medication several hours before the possible process of childbirth.

The injections can help provide a diuretic effect that reduces the swelling of the limbs that the fair sex suffers from when carrying their unborn baby.

The role of doctors in this period extremely important. They are entrusted with the responsible role of monitoring female body in the situation and its reaction to the medication used.

Those who have already become mothers and are feeding their newborns with milk need to temporarily stop this process. Otherwise, it will harm the child and will be reflected during his development.

Special conditions of therapy

Simultaneous administration of other salts into the same vein should be avoided;
Epilepsy can be controlled only with combined treatment;
Patients with serious kidney problems should carefully monitor the dosage prescribed by the doctor and in no case deviate from it. Regular monitoring of body tests is also necessary;
The beginning of the development of any side effects requires immediate refusal of treatment with the medical product in question;
The injection solution can be used orally to achieve a laxative reaction;
Increasing the dose can cause a narcotic, tocolytic and hypnotic effect;
Alcoholic beverages are not allowed during therapy.

Side effects

For the most part, the patient does not have any problems with assimilation of the active and other elements that help them. But occasionally there are some unpleasant situations:

Low heart rate;
Decreased blood pressure;
Arrhythmia;
Increased sweating;
Malfunctions of the central nervous system;
Feelings of anxiety, tension;
Migraine;
Hypermia of the facial skin;
Craving to vomit;
Decreased body temperature;
Excessive discharge of feces, their wateriness;
Excessive gas formation;
Spasmodic pain in the abdominal cavity.

Instructions for use of solution for injections

A 25% solution is usually administered intramuscularly. It is available in ampoules and does not require a special method of mixing with other components. May be painful when inserted.

It is administered intravenously both in diluted form - with sodium chloride or 5% glucose, or in pure form. In most cases, as doctors advise, it is better to dilute the solution. This is due to the fact that undiluted drug can cause a worsening of the clinical picture.

A maximum of 200 ml of solution (20%) can be administered per day.

Magnesia in childhood

It is often used in pediatrics to overcome constipation in minors. He copes with this trouble - safely. In this case, it is recommended to use the powder form of the medicine. The dose depends on age - from 6 to 12 years old, 6-10 grams per day is recommended; from 12 to 15 years – up to 10 grams per 24 hours; patients over 15 years old - from 10 to 30 grams per day.

To determine the most accurate dose per day, doctors advise using the formula - 1 gram multiplied by 1 year of life.

Another format of use is the introduction of a prepared solution of powder (20 grams) and purified water (100 ml) into the rectum by enema. It is enough to administer from 50 to 100 ml.

Injection of the solution (even to recently born children) is carried out exclusively in in case of emergency and severe indications.

Overdose condition

Use in increased volume can cause a lot of negative reactions. These include violations respiratory processes, dysfunction of the central nervous system, up to a coma.

Fortunately, there is an antidote - preparations containing calcium chloride and calcium glucanate. With more severe poisoning is involved artificial ventilation lungs and symptomatic therapy is carried out.

Compatibility of the drug with other drugs

Nifedipine, oral anticoagulants, cardiac glycosides - promote obvious muscle relaxation;
Phenothiazine reduces the effectiveness of the pharmaceutical product;
Tobramycin and Streptomycin– reduce antibacterial effect;
Ciprofloxacin– enhances the fight against bacteria;
Tetracycline-type antibiotics– worsen overall effect and absorption from the digestive tract.

Analogues of Magnesia

There is no complete substitute for the drug. Only the powder production form of the medicine is available for sale, which is taken orally.

It stands out for its high-quality choleretic and laxative effects on the body. Component composition The medication is not absorbed fully and creates an osmotic effect on the intestinal environment, due to which water accumulates in it, ensuring dilution of its contents. Begins to act in at least 30 minutes for a period of up to 6 hours.

It is indicated mainly against hypertensive crisis, convulsive syndromes, as well as to overcome toxicosis in pregnant women. Also sometimes prescribed when complex treatment, patients with epilepsy.

It is prohibited for persons with individual inability to absorb the medication, atrioventricular block, low blood pressure, as well as a lack of calcium in the body and problems with respiratory function. Not prescribed for patients with a tendency to myocardial infarction and other cardiac ailments, renal and hepatic failures, acute inflammation internal organs, responsible for digestive processes. Those who are carrying an unborn baby should drink the powder with extreme caution. Medical supervision is usually established in cases where the expected useful action, will really be more effective and no less than the possible harmful consequences. For recently become mothers, for the period of use medicine, you need to stop breastfeeding.

Used as mentioned earlier - orally or by enemas. For adults, a multiple dose of 15 to 25 g a day before eating is enough. The powder dissolves in a glass of water with a volume of about 250 ml. For minors - over twelve years of age, it is recommended to take 10 g once a day in half a glass of water; at the age of 6 to 12 years, 5–10 g is prescribed. For those under six years of age, the dosage and regimen are established only according to the instructions of a specialist.

Use for body cleansing, compresses and baths

Magnesia in addition to its strengths pharmacological properties allows you to thoroughly cleanse the body, namely digestive tract. These activities are carried out exclusively before entering the diet period and consuming only healthy food. The drug is used in the first days dietary nutrition. His active ingredient(magnesium sulfate) alleviates the general condition, removes all toxins that are present in the body. Two regimens of use are recommended: 30 grams of powder is dissolved in half a glass of water and drunk before going to bed or at any time before meals, or the same dose is drunk in the morning after breakfast.

There is a practice of using it as warming compresses. They increase blood flow to the body, help relieve pain syndrome, have a beneficial effect on the resorption of existing seals. The compress is applied for up to 8 hours. After removal, the skin is washed with water, dried with a towel and lubricated with cream.

The medicine has another positive feature– Doctors allow taking baths with magnesium sulfate up to two times a week. They help relieve psycho-emotional stress, improve general condition, and overcome nervous condition and restore after stressful situations. Also, toxins will be removed from the upper layers of the epidermis, and its condition will improve somewhat. To do this you need to get into the bath warm water, pour about 100 g of the drug into it, as well as about 1 kg of salts - sea and table. You need to lie in it for up to half an hour.

How much do Magnesia ampoules cost - price at the pharmacy

The medical product does not have an exorbitant price and is available to many patients. The cost of the injection solution is on average 60 rubles, and the powder – from 20 to 30 rubles. Information about price tags for the drug under study was taken from leading online pharmacies in Russia. Sale - according to a prescription from the hospital.