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Ear hematoma in a dog: causes and treatment. Ear hematoma in dogs

One of the most common phenomena in dogs, especially young ones, is canine hematoma. This is a small effusion of blood in muscle tissue, which is formed due to rupture of blood vessels due to mechanical injuries.

Hematoma in a dog - causes

Hematomas in dogs occur along with injuries, severe bruises, ruptures of blood vessels, bone fractures, and microtraumas that occur when surgical intervention if the bleeding has not completely stopped. It happens that the cause of a hematoma in a dog can be a bite from another animal.

Classification of hematomas in dogs

Depending on the location of the hemorrhage, hematomas in dogs are:

Arterial;
Venous;
Mixed;
Pulsating.

Based on location, hematomas in dogs are divided into:

Hematomas cause the animal severe discomfort And painful sensations. A dog's ear hematoma may form. It also happens that pus begins to accumulate in a dog’s hematoma, and in this case, urgent surgical intervention is needed. Therefore, before starting treatment for a hematoma, you need to consult a veterinarian.

Hematoma in a dog - symptoms

A hematoma in a dog is characterized by the formation of a swelling at the site where the hemorrhage occurred. This symptom of a hematoma in a dog is a swelling that appears immediately after an injury occurs, grows quite quickly in size and has a clear outline. An ear hematoma looks a lot like a heating pad filled with water. In the first days, she delivers to dogs unbearable pain, and after three to four days, it may begin to smooth out, the feeling of the bolt may disappear. With hematomas, the temperature may increase and the lymph nodes may swell. If formed ear hematoma, the animal constantly tilts its head and tries to scratch sore spot.

Hematoma in a dog - treatment

Treatment of hematoma in dogs involves thermal procedures that promote blood resorption. It is recommended to use compresses with paraffin, vaporization, Sollux and resorbing ointments.

If hematomas in dogs are of impressive size, it is necessary surgical intervention. Blood is aspirated from the bruised area, after which a novocaine-antibiotic solution is injected and a compressive bandage is applied.

For ear hematoma, a pressure bandage is necessary. After a few days, a blood clot forms, which doctors soon cut out. Then the animal is prescribed a course of antibiotics to treat the hematoma.

Animal ear hematoma- this is an accumulation of a mixture of blood and lymph in the area auricle between skin and cartilage tissue. This is enough common occurrence in cats and dogs. The Best veterinary clinic in Novosibirsk provides services for surgical treatment of auricular hematoma on the day of treatment.

Causes

The formation of otohematoma is associated with damage to blood vessels in the ear area. This may happen as a result of:

bruises;
insect or other animal bites;
scratching (including those caused chronic otitis media, allergies or otodecosis);
chronic dermatitis.

Symptoms

Otohematoma looks like a hemispherical tumor on the surface of the auricle. The formation is soft to the touch, painful, hyperemic. Possibly mild fever and anxiety. The animal constantly tilts its head towards the damaged ear, obsessively tries to scratch it, or simply shakes its head.

Treatment of auricular hematoma

Uncomplicated cases are treated by evacuating accumulated blood and lymph by puncture with a needle, followed by aspiration of the fluid and injection of anti-inflammatory drugs into the resulting cavity. Typically, a solution of novocaine (0.5%), antibiotic and hydrocortisone is used for these purposes.

If the cause of hematoma formation is scratching due to itching, then mandatory treatment of the disease causing this itching is carried out at the same time. Also appointed antihistamines in order to prevent relapses.
In case of persistent relapses that do not respond to conservative treatment, it is prescribed surgery otohematomas.
The skin in the area of the hematoma is cut open, blood and fibrin are cleaned out, then pressed against the cartilage and fixed suture material. This prevents further accumulation of contents under the skin.

After surgery, it is mandatory to prescribe antibacterial drugs, and daily local treatment of the auricle with antiseptics is carried out. The auricle is covered with absorbent material and secured with a bandage. It is advisable to use a special collar until healing occurs. Sutures are removed between nine days and three weeks after surgery.

Prevention of ear hematoma formation

The resulting hematoma may long time disturb the animal. Without treatment, the skin on the pinna of the ear may rupture spontaneously. In this case, the ear can become infected with the formation of necrosis. Sometimes the accumulated fluid resolves on its own, but the skin remains wrinkled, the auricle is deformed and remains thickened due to the active growth of fibrin in the cavity.

Prevention of hematoma is timely treatment pet ear diseases. To do this, it is necessary to regularly examine the animal’s ears for the development of otodecosis, otitis media or dermatitis. Dirty ears are wiped with hypoallergenic lotion. Insecticidal treatment should be carried out regularly if the animal has free range on the street.
If a hematoma is formed as a result of injury, it is important to provide proper first aid. Placed on the auricle cold compress and a tight bandage.

The attentive attitude of the owner is the best prevention hematomas of the auricle.

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Question answer

Good day. In your clinic, a dog (Labrador) underwent ACL surgery using the TPLO method. 04/16/2019 will be a month. There will be a similar one on the second paw. But there is a desire to sterilize the dog endoscopic method As soon as possible. We need to come to you on May 16, 2019 for a follow-up appointment and x-ray. Is it possible to perform an operation to sterilize a dog on the same day? Or is it early? And all these manipulations can harm speedy recovery dogs (taking into account the fact of the frequency of use of anesthesia, etc. medical supplies), as well as a recovery course for the development of the operated paw. Thank you! Irina

Question: Is it possible to do TPLO surgery and sterilization at the same time?

Hello! Yes, everything can be done at the same time. This does not affect the recovery process in any way.

Hello! The dog had acute renal failure after anesthesia 2 years ago. For two years now, the tests have been normal. The dog is now 8 years old. After each heat, she has severe cramps. The dog has not given birth. Can she be sterilized? What anesthesia is best to use? Now I'm very afraid of anesthesia. Tatiana

Question: is it possible to sterilize a dog if there was acute renal failure after anesthesia?

Hello! Sterilization is indicated. Risks taking into account normal tests no more than in other planned patients. Propofol anesthesia is used.

Hematoma is a small hemorrhage from ruptured vessels in muscle tissue, at mechanical damage. This is one of the most common phenomena in dogs, especially young ones.

Most often, hematomas occur, which caused severe bruises, bone fractures, and vascular ruptures. A dog may also develop a hematoma due to microtraumas that occur during surgery, when, for example, the bleeding is incompletely stopped. Hematomas can also be caused by bites from other dogs.

Types of hematomas in dogs

Based on location, hematomas are divided into: subcutaneous, intraorgan, intermuscular, retroperitoneal, pararectal and intracranial.

Depending on the location of the hemorrhage, hematomas are classified as arterial, venous, pulsatile and mixed.

Hematomas can cause severe discomfort to your pet in certain places. Sometimes surgery may be necessary if pus accumulates in the hematoma. Therefore, before treating a hematoma, it is worth...

Symptoms of hematoma in dogs

At the site of hemorrhage, a hematoma is characterized by swelling, which appears immediately after the injury, has well-defined contours and quickly increases in size. An ear hematoma in a dog looks like a pillow or hot water bottle filled with water. At first it hurts the dog, but after a few days painful sensations pass, and the swelling may begin to smooth out.

Typically, the local temperature of the organ rises in the area of the hematoma, and sometimes the nearest lymph nodes may enlarge. With an ear hematoma, the dog tilts its head to the side and tries to scratch the painful area.

Treatment of hematoma in dogs

First of all, for rapid resorption of blood, you need thermal procedures hematomas. For this purpose, lamps, compresses with paraffin, resorbing ointments, vaporization and Sollux are used.
For extensive hematomas, surgical intervention is used: blood is removed from the hematoma cavity and a novocaine-antibiotic solution is injected into the affected area. After this, apply a pressure bandage.
If an ear hematoma occurs in a dog, a pressure bandage is first applied. After a few days, the resulting blood clot is removed surgically intervention, after which the animal is prescribed a course of antibiotics.

In order to prevent education, especially dangerous hematomas, you should contact a veterinarian immediately after an injury.

Active and curious dogs sometimes simply do not allow themselves to be protected, and no matter how hard the owners try, the pet still finds adventures. Minor injuries and bruises literally haunt four-legged animals, especially “clumsy” puppies that overestimate their strength during a walk. Hematoma in a dog that arose in case of lung shock, does not require treatment, however, there are more serious reasons injuries leading to unpleasant consequences.

Naturally, every owner worries when a dog gets injured. Run to the vet? Smear? Warm it up? Stab? Do not rush and do not panic; if the hematoma is a consequence of “everyday” leisure, it will not be difficult to alleviate the condition and treat it at home. A completely different question is a dog that has been involved in an accident, a serious fight, fallen from a height, or survived a similar extreme situation.

Hematoma is a collective concept indicating rupture of blood vessels with subsequent hemorrhage into surrounding tissues or cavities. Moreover, the more vessels are damaged, the greater the swelling - blood continues to flow until the damaged vessels are pinched by the resulting pressure. According to localization, they distinguish the following types hematoma:

Intracranial – arise due to closed injury heads. Diagnosis and treatment are carried out through examination and tomography of the skull.

Retroperitoneal - hemorrhage resulting from trauma internal organs, pelvic fracture, spinal injury.

Intraorgan.

Intramuscular.

Subcutaneous.

Blood entering the interstitial space coagulates and contracts under the pressure of surrounding tissues. If the wound is deep, for example, after a bite from another dog, the hematoma may encapsulate and grow connective tissues, the neoplasm is called benign.

Read also: Gallstone disease in dogs: symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Causes of hematomas

Vascular rupture is always a consequence of mechanical stress. The owner may not notice small bruises or swelling if they are on the body; firstly, the injury is hidden by the fur, and secondly, the dog independently treats (licks and warms) the bruised area.

Hematoma of the auricle, most often, is a consequence of paw blows and scratching, otitis media, and rare injuries. In older dogs and pets with a lack of microelements, swelling can form as a result of normal shaking of the head. The thin skin covering the auricle is not able to contain the internal pressure during bleeding and the hematoma quickly increases in size. The danger lies in the close proximity of a possible infection to the brain.

Ear hematoma in a dog may be accompanied by unpredictable consequences, spread of pain behind the teeth, eyes, increased body temperature, inflammation lymph nodes. Considering that the auricle is divided into 3 sections, 1 of which cannot be viewed visually, the disease is not immediately detected. If the hematoma affects the outer part of the ear, the swelling is visible visually and the dog is diagnosed with lymphatic extrovase. When a dog’s ear hematoma begins to harden, this is a sure signal that it is time to fight the disease surgically; the exudate will no longer resolve on its own. The veterinarian opens the skin and places a drain under it, through which the remaining blood and lymph come out.

The head and withers are inaccessible places for licking and the dog, worried about discomfort, scratches the injured areas of the skin. Hematomas on the head are most often the consequences of a fight or blows. Skin diseases, causing itching First of all, they spread to the ears, trying to relieve discomfort, the dog scratches its head and injures itself. Swellings or encapsulated cysts in the withers are the consequences of vaccinations or drug injections.

Read also: Joint inflammation in dogs: causes, treatment, prevention

Swelling on the paw, especially in the area of the joints, indicates a sprain or tear of the ligaments, dislocation or more serious injury limbs. If the ligaments, muscles and tendons are intact, it is prescribed conservative treatment, which differs little from therapy for hematomas. As additional measures, the dog receives a drug that accelerates the regeneration of connective tissues.

A hematoma after surgery indicates one or more complications:

After the operation, the bleeding did not stop completely.

The intervention was carried out in a non-sterile environment, which contributed to the wound becoming infected.

The dog scratched, licked or otherwise damaged the stitches. Often found after spaying females, the wound is on the side and the dog has to bend over to lick it.

Application modern methods Veterinary surgery reduces the risk of complications to a minimum, but does not eliminate them completely. A slight swelling at the incision site is a natural phenomenon, but if the suture begins to bleed, it is necessary to identify the cause, protect the wound and show the animal to a veterinarian. At heavy bleeding, the wound is cauterized again and the stitches are replaced.

The auricle of dogs and cats consists of three parts: outer, middle and inner.

1. Outer ear. Consists of the auricle, the motor apparatus of the auricle and the external auditory canal.

2.Middle ear. Comprises eardrum, tympanic cavity, chains of auditory ossicles and auditory tube.

3. Inner ear . Contains balance and hearing receptors. Consists of the bony and membranous labyrinths.

Bone labyrinth inner ear - system of cavities, in the rocky part temporal bone, is, to a certain extent, an imprint (“storage”) of the membranous labyrinth.

Membranous labyrinth is a set of communicating cavities, the walls of which are formed by connecting membranes, and the cavities themselves are filled with endolymph. These cavities form an oval sac with three semicircular canals, a round sac with a membranous canal, and an endolymphatic duct. The walls of the semicircular canals are lined with thin hairs.

The main pathologies of the hearing organ in dogs are: hematoma of the auricle, inflammation of the outer, middle and inner ear, otodectosis, dermatitis, eczema, adenoma of the ceruminous glands, foreign bodies in the outside ear canal and etc.

Mechanical damage closed type(injuries, scratches as a result pathological process in the auricle) can cause hematomas or lymphatic extravasation requiring treatment in veterinary clinic a qualified specialist.

Hematoma- a type of bruise in which blood vessels rupture. A cavity forms under the skin containing coagulated or liquid blood. They often form in dogs and cats after injuries to the ears.

Treatment hematoma is aimed at removing accumulated blood and lymph. At the first stage of treatment, the doctor may suggest performing a puncture followed by aspiration of the contents and injection into the cavity medicines. If a hematoma has formed due to scratching due to itching, attention should be paid to treating the underlying disease (otitis media, allergies, otodectosis, etc.), thus preventing recurrences of the hematoma.

In case of relapse, surgical intervention is necessary. Above the hematoma of the auricle with inside a skin section is made, a fairly long straight or S-shaped incision, in which cicatricial deformation of the auricle is less likely during subsequent healing. Blood clots and fibrin are removed from the cavity. The cavity is sanitized. The skin separated from the base of the cartilage is pressed and fixed with through stitches. The stitches are placed in a checkerboard pattern along the ear to prevent circulatory problems. This method ensures a constant outflow of fluid until the cavity is completely healed.

After surgery, antibiotic therapy is used and local treatment auricle antiseptic drugs. The auricle is fixed with a bandage that absorbs secretions. For additional ear protection, it is advisable to use a special collar. Stitches are usually removed 2 weeks after surgery.

If you don't carry out therapeutic measures, the disease can develop in two ways. In the first case, the skin on the auricle, in the place of greatest tension, breaks out on its own, allowing the accumulated fluid to escape. Tissue infection and the development of necrosis (death) of the auricle are possible. In the second case, the accumulated fluid gradually resolves. In this case, the auricle, as a rule, becomes deformed and remains wrinkled for life.

Ph.D. Veterinarian, surgeon, therapist Volvak A.O.