When the lochia stops. How much is the allocation. Different stages of discharge after childbirth

For some reason, it is not customary for us to talk about such “shameful” topics, and often a young mother is left alone with a bunch of questions that relate to changes in her body after childbirth. Not surprisingly, the question of lochia remains a “closed topic” for many. Should you be embarrassed to ask? The most professional answer to your questions is a specialist - your gynecologist. But it's good if the relationship with female doctor you have trust, and if - no? What if he even good doctor, but to explain what's what - not a master? Then we will try to give answers to all your questions about discharge after childbirth.

What is lochia after childbirth?

The female body is truly unique. He knows how to adapt to new conditions very easily, and he also quickly recovers from such situations. severe conditions like childbirth. Within just a couple of months, a woman's body transforms and returns to almost pre-pregnancy forms. And this applies not only to the body, internal organs, which were displaced during the growth of the baby inside, gradually return to their places, and the uterus decreases in size and weight. In addition, it must be remembered that the uterus had to not only “work hard” for glory, but also survive a rather painful injury, such as placental rejection, during which many vessels are damaged, which leads to bleeding of the organ for a certain time after the completion of the birth process. .

An indicator that the uterus is recovering in normal mode, are precisely postpartum discharge - lochia. For each woman, they differ both in the abundance of discharge (for example, in young mothers who underwent childbirth through a caesarean section, the abundance of discharge is usually less), and in color, smell and duration of the flow. But at the same time, there are some nuances by which the gynecologist can judge whether the restoration of the main organ is normal. reproductive system- uterus.

Lochia at an early stage immediately after childbirth

Immediately after the birth of the baby, the lochia has a bright scarlet color due to the large number of red blood cells in them. In the composition of the secretions, one can notice cervical mucus, pieces of tissue, particles of a child's place, blood clots ... Everything is exactly as it should be, as it speaks of proper recovery reproductive organ. Over time, the picture will change. So, during the first 2-3 days after childbirth, the lochia is more voluminous (up to 400 ml of discharge per day can be released). If the amount of discharge is less or more, then this indicates a problem. Therefore, do not be surprised when the obstetrician-gynecologist in the maternity hospital asks you to show the gasket: in this way he can diagnose the disease on early stage. If the discharge is more than normal, then this may indicate the presence of uterine bleeding. Lochia is allocated too little? This indicates a lochiometer - an accumulation of secretions in the uterine cavity. Most often, this problem is faced by women after caesarean section and it is dangerous development inflammatory processes.

What should be the discharge after childbirth?

Approximately 1 week after childbirth, the color and nature of the discharge change: the lochia becomes more viscous, there are not so many blood clots, and the color changes from scarlet to brownish. This suggests that the healing of blood vessels occurs in the uterus and its inner layer is gradually restored.

In the second and third weeks, the discharge becomes even smaller. Their color becomes brownish. The consistency of lochia also changes - they are already thick. There may be a musty smell.

The closer to the end of the lochia period, the poorer the discharge becomes. Normally, they should be transparent or yellowish, and by 40-42 days after the birth of the baby, they should completely stop.

How many go lochia?

As we wrote above, discharge after childbirth usually lasts 40-42 days. But everything is individual here, because the duration of the lochia period can change for several reasons:

• The rate of blood clotting of a woman;
• The size, weight and number of babies that a young mother gave birth to. The larger the baby, the more time the uterus needs to recover. Same story with multiple pregnancy;
• Birthing method: natural childbirth or caesarean section;
• Number of births: it has been proven that in primiparous women, the discharge lasts longer than in those who go through this stage in the second and third round.
• Individual characteristics, the presence of inflammatory foci, chronic or infectious diseases at a woman.
• The method of feeding the baby: in mothers who are breastfeeding, the process of cleansing the uterus is faster due to frequent contractions of the organ.

On average, for the entire period of lochia, the amount of discharge is 0.5-1.5 liters. It's not that much.

The inevitable lochia after childbirth is wound discharge from the uterus. After pregnancy female body is restored, and the injured walls of the uterus heal. As a result, the body begins to recover and becomes the same size as before pregnancy. Its upper surface heals, and the area of ​​attachment of the vaginal wall to the placenta is tightened. Thus, the cause of lochia that appeared after childbirth is:

• restoration of the uterine cavity;
• cleansing of the membranes.

The uterus shrinks and throws out unnecessary tissues that have become toxic. The discharge is similar to menstrual flow, but is made up of other substances. These are scraps of the lining of the uterine cavity, ichorus, the remains of the placenta, mucus from the cervical canal, and blood.

Lochia consult hygiene products
menstrual cycle Resumption
Development Complex degree of consequences

Immediately after delivery, the entire surface of the uterus is covered with a large wound. Therefore, they can stand out blood clots and blood. You should not worry, because in this way the body is cleansed and restored on its own.

If the lochia differs from those that should be normal, this indicates postpartum complications. Yes, the first few days after giving birth, a woman is in the hospital, so doctors track the duration of lochia. But then she is discharged home, so she will have to monitor the nature of the discharge on her own.

Normally, postpartum lochia is observed for 6-8 weeks. Permissible deviations - 5-9 weeks. Otherwise, you need to consult a doctor. You can see photos of lochia to know how they look after childbirth.

Duration of uterine recovery

We found out how long lochia takes on average after a past birth, but they come in several varieties. It also depends on their duration.

They appear during the healing process. inner surface uterus

The active phase lasts about three weeks. During this time, several types of secretions are observed.

1. Red. It takes about 3-4 days after the baby is born. They cause discomfort to a woman, because they are very plentiful. The color of the discharge is bright scarlet, since it is present in the remains of non-viable tissues a large number of erythrocytes - red blood cells. Brown blood clots may also be released. Allocations should end on day 4. At the same time, a woman changes one pad per hour. If you have to change more often, you need to call a doctor. After childbirth, a gynecologist usually advises a woman about how long lochia goes, therefore expectant mother not hard to navigate.
2. Serous. They last from 4 to 10 days and are not as plentiful as red ones. The color of the secretions is pinkish-brown or brown, since a large number of leukocytes are present in the excreted substances. Usually, red clots no longer appear, but only sanious-serous discharge is observed.
3. White. They do not cause discomfort to the woman and last for 20 days. Normal discharge should be without bloody clots, pungent odor. They are yellowish or whitish in color, almost transparent, smearing character.

If after childbirth you know how long lochia will come out, then you will immediately understand when you need to contact a specialist for help. The volume of secretions begins to decrease over time, and already at 3 weeks they do not cause discomfort, therefore they are almost imperceptible and very small in volume. Usually, by the 6th week, vitreous mucus with bloody patches is released from the cervix, at which the body finishes its restoration. In this case, the duration of the discharge does not depend on whether your first pregnancy or the second.

In case of complications, you should consult a doctor

When to See a Doctor

If you know exactly when lochia excretion should end after childbirth, track possible violations will be simpler. You need to make an appointment with a doctor in the following cases.

1. Allocations last too long or their number has become quite large. Such bleeding is possible due to the fact that parts of the placenta remain in the uterus, so it cannot contract normally. In this case, the woman will have to remove the remnants of the placenta in the hospital. The procedure is painless due to intravenous anesthesia.
2. The bleeding has stopped, although you know exactly how many days after the last birth the lochia should go. Stopping discharge indicates a possible accumulation of lochia in the uterine cavity. If they are not removed, there is a risk of developing endometritis.

Endometritis develops if, after childbirth, lochia are excreted with pus, and have an unpleasant, pungent odor. A woman notices a deterioration in well-being:

• pain in the lower abdomen;
• the temperature rises.

In this case, you need to urgently call a specialist or call ambulance. Sometimes a curdled discharge appears from the vagina. This may indicate the appearance of candidiasis. If it is not healed, there is a risk of developing a severe infection.

It does not matter how long lochia has been going on after the first or second birth. If arose heavy bleeding you should immediately call an ambulance. In this case, the woman is hospitalized.

Only an attentive attitude to one's health, monitoring the secretions and timely response to their changes will help to avoid serious complications. It is better to play it safe and once again consult a doctor than to subsequently be treated for unpleasant sores.

Do not ignore the rules of hygiene, which are especially important for the successful completion of the postpartum period.

If there is a relapse

Sometimes it also happens that after giving birth, lochia first ended, and then started again. If after 2 months there is a scarlet discharge from the vagina, the cause may be:

• restoration of the menstrual cycle;
• rupture of sutures after strong emotional or physical activity.

When you know how long lochia can go after the last birth, but suddenly they return after 2-3 months, you need to look at their character. Sometimes the remnants of the placenta or endometrium come out in this way. If the discharge is dark in color with clots, but without pus and a sharp putrid odor, everything should end without complications.

In addition, when the discharge passes and then comes again, there is a risk of developing an inflammatory process in the uterus. Only a doctor can help you here. He will conduct an examination and find out the cause of the incident. You may be having a new menstrual cycle. But in the worst case, medical intervention is required.

During the nine months of pregnancy, a woman does not have a period. And after childbirth, a recovery period begins for the female body, during which abundant bloody issues. What is it: a manifestation of menstruation or a consequence of the birth process?

Postpartum discharge: description, duration, composition

Immediately after childbirth, the woman's body begins the recovery process, an integral part of which is the release of lochia.

What is lochia

Lochia is a bloody discharge from a woman's vagina that begins immediately after delivery and continues until full recovery damaged uterine tissue.

After childbirth, the placenta, which is necessary for the intrauterine development of the child, is no longer needed in the female body, so it begins to exfoliate. As a result of this process, a wound is formed on the surface of the uterus. It is during this period that the release of lochia begins, helping to cleanse the uterus of excess substances accumulated during pregnancy.

The duration of the discharge

Duration postpartum discharge depends on the following factors:

• the weight of the child (large children contribute to a strong overstretching of the organ);
• the amount of amniotic fluid;
• the number of births;
• blood clotting (low clotting implies a longer recovery process);
• the presence of complications in the form of chronic foci of infection;
• method of delivery;
• breastfeeding (when breastfeeding recovery period goes faster).

Obstetricians before discharge of a woman in labor should inform her about the duration of lochia, since it is this factor that shows how the recovery period goes. The norm is the cessation of discharge at the 6-8th week after childbirth. The interval of cessation of discharge from 40 to 62 days is considered a minor deviation from the norm. In this case, the young mother must definitely monitor the nature of the discharge.

Lochia lasting less than 5 weeks or longer is considered a dangerous symptom. 9. If the discharge has stopped ahead of time norms, a woman needs a mandatory medical checkup to exclude or confirm the accumulation of secretions in the body. Long-term lochia is even more dangerous. This phenomenon is often uterine bleeding or divergence of postpartum sutures.

Video: how long lochia should normally last

Composition and character of lochia

Just as a caring mother and wife monitors the composition of family food, so a woman should also monitor the composition of lochia.

The nature of the lochia varies depending on their duration. The following scenario is considered normal:

If a young mother notices an admixture of pus in the discharge, she should immediately go to the hospital. Purulent discharge indicate inflammation of the endometrium. As a rule, this process is accompanied by fever, sharp pain in the lumbar region and uterus, and lochia have an unpleasant odor and a greenish-yellow tint.

Pathology are transparent, watery lochia. In this form, fluid comes out of the blood and lymphatic vessels that seeps through the lining of the vagina. When the wound surface heals, part of the plasma and lymph enters the uterine cavity - this situation requires immediate appeal to the doctor.

Characteristics of lochia

In addition to the composition, postpartum discharge has other characteristics by which it is possible to establish how the woman's recovery period goes and whether there are any complications. These characteristics include color, smell and amount of discharge.

Color

A woman needs to track not only the composition of lochia, but also their color. Hue of discharge during three days after childbirth it has a bright scarlet color, since the blood has not yet coagulated. Then for two weeks there are red-brown lochia, in the subsequent time they become lighter and more transparent. By the end of the discharge, the lochia may be slightly cloudy with a yellow tint. Another color lochia speaks of clear deviation abnormal and may be a symptom postpartum complications and diseases.

Gradually, the color of lochia fades - from bright red in the first days after childbirth to pinkish and almost transparent by the 6th week

Postpartum discharge can be of the following colors:

• yellow - depending on the shade characterizes different processes in the female body:
  • pale yellow, not very abundant lochia, which began by the end of the second week after childbirth, are the norm and should not cause concern for a young mother;
  • bright yellow discharge with an admixture of green and putrid smell, which appeared on the 4th or 5th day after the birth of the baby, may indicate inflammation of the uterine mucosa (endometritis);
  • bright yellow discharge with mucus, which began 2 weeks after childbirth, is usually a symptom of latent endometritis;
• green - always indicates the presence in the body bacterial infection. Especially common are diseases such as gardnerellosis, gonorrhea, chlamydia. The site of injury may be the vagina, uterus, or the fallopian tubes. Also green discharge sometimes indicate advanced endometritis. Green lochia accompanied byburning and irritation in the vagina, indicate trichomoniasis. In order to prevent the spread of infection, when postpartum discharge of a green tint appears, treatment should be started immediately;
• white - indicates availability urinary infections, thrush or colpitis, if the discharge has a curdled consistency, unpleasant sour smell and are accompanied by itching in the perineum or redness of the external genitalia. In this case, you must consult a doctor;
• black - is the norm if the selection does not have a sharp bad smell and are not accompanied painful sensations. Hormonal adjustment The body after childbirth can sometimes manifest itself in such a color of lochia.

Smell

Lochia contains a lot of epithelial tissue and microbial flora, so they normally have a rotten smell. If pathogenic processes are present in the body, the smell of lochia changes. The purulent smell of discharge indicates the presence of an infection or the beginning of tissue decomposition in the uterine cavity.

Number of selections

The abundance of secretions is also important criterion, reflecting either the norm or pathology in the restoration of the woman's body after childbirth.

The norm is copious discharge in the first week after childbirth. This process indicates that the body is cleared of all unnecessary: blood vessels, obsolete cells of the endometrium, placental remains, products of intrauterine vital activity of the fetus. Starting from the 2-3rd week, the discharge should be less and less.

By the abundance and duration of postpartum discharge, it is possible to identify deviations from the norm in time and consult a doctor to avoid unpleasant complications

If abundant lochia is allocated longer than the prescribed period, a woman's examination by a gynecologist is required. The healing process slows down, and it is necessary to find out the cause of this condition.

A sharp decrease in the abundance of lochia indicates possible formation lochiometers, which is an early postpartum complication.

Features of the discharge process

During the recovery period after childbirth, a woman may experience a break in the discharge, their unstable nature after a cesarean section, as well as difficulties in distinguishing lochia from menstruation.

Break in secretions

IN due date after childbirth, lochia stops, and the young mother again begins to lead her usual image life. But suddenly the discharge starts again. Why? There are several explanations for this:

• scarlet lochia after emotional and physical exertion may be the result of a rupture of the seam;
• discharge may be a manifestation quick recovery menstrual cycle;
• mucous lochia dark color with clots indicate the release of the remnants of the placenta and endometrium, which previously something prevented from leaving.

As a rule, such situations do not require medical intervention. However, the female body after childbirth is vulnerable, therefore, if the nature of the discharge is something that worries or frightens you, you need to seek help from specialists.

Lochia after caesarean section

Restoring the body after a caesarean section can be painful and lengthy. In this case, postpartum discharge continues a little longer than usual. There are several reasons for this:

• the uterus contracts more slowly after the operation;
• there is not only the cleansing of the uterine cavity and the restoration of the mucous layer, but also the healing of the postoperative wound;
• lactation after caesarean section is often absent.

Necessary after caesarean section drug correction drugs such as Oxytocin and Methylergometrine. If the surgical delivery went without complications, and in postoperative period all the necessary manipulations were carried out, then lochia in composition, color and smell should not differ from lochia after natural childbirth.

How to distinguish lochia from menstruation

The main difference between menstruation and lochia is the time of occurrence. Lochia is only postpartum discharge, and menstruation begins when the level of the hormone prolactin, which is responsible for breastfeeding, drops in the blood.

The duration of menstruation is approximately 6-7 days, while lochia can stand out up to 9 weeks. The color of these secretions is also different. The first lochias after childbirth are scarlet, but gradually become brown, and then they begin to turn pink and white. Periods are always red or brown.

A woman after childbirth needs to monitor her health with special responsibility. In particular, this applies to postpartum discharge. It is necessary to track their duration, color, smell and abundance. Each indicator is important for diagnosis possible deviations from the norm and the detection of pathologies.

During pregnancy, a woman's body undergoes changes aimed at creating comfortable conditions for bearing a fetus. The birth of a child changes not only the psychological, but also physical state women. In order to bring all the organs into a prenatal state, the body needs time. Recovery of the body begins immediately after childbirth, one of these processes is the postpartum release of lochia.

Lochia is a discharge from the genital tract of a woman that begins immediately after delivery and continues until the damaged tissues of the uterus are completely restored.

Lochia after childbirth helps to cleanse the uterus of excess substances accumulated during pregnancy.

During pregnancy, the baby develops thanks to the resources of the mother, which come to him through the placenta and umbilical cord.

The placenta is firmly attached to the walls of the uterus. After the birth of a child, it begins to exfoliate, since there is no point in its further presence in the uterus. After rejection of the placenta, a wound surface remains on the wall of the uterus. In the process of wound healing, lochia is released.

Lochia after childbirth is a collection of blood cells, plasma and exfoliated endometrial cells. Passing through the birth canal uterine secretions content joins cervical canal and vagina. Thus, reproductive organ returns to its former form and prepares for a new conception.

Depending on the stage of the postpartum period, the discharge has a different character:

• Early postpartum period - the first hours after delivery. During this period, the most abundant rejection of lochia occurs. bright red. The general condition of the woman is not disturbed. At this time, the woman should be under the constant supervision of doctors. The danger that awaits a woman in the first hours after childbirth is the occurrence of complications in the form of hypotonic bleeding. The total volume of secretions in the first hours after childbirth should not exceed 400 ml. To prevent complications, life threatening mother after delivery, an ice pack is placed on the stomach of the woman in labor. If the uterus contracts poorly after childbirth, oxytocin is administered to the woman in labor. A few hours after the birth of the baby, the uterus shrinks by half.
• late postpartum period- occurs a few hours after birth. Despite the fact that the uterus has halved in the first hours, abundant discharge is observed throughout the week. Lochia after childbirth, the smell of which is very specific (rotten), every day change their color and volume. After about a week, their color takes on a brownish tint, and the number becomes more scarce. After a few weeks, the color becomes yellowish, later - white or transparent. Allocations may increase after long stay V horizontal position and after feeding the baby, which is quite normal, and you should not be afraid of this. After the wound surface is completely healed and the organ is fully restored, the lochia will stop.

Norm and pathology

Even in ancient times, lochia was considered a cleansing of the body after delivery. Although lochia appears in all women without exception, their nature depends on the course of labor and the postpartum period and may have some differences. Lochia after childbirth have a certain smell, color and quantity.

It is important to control all these indicators, because a deviation from the norm may indicate dangerous complications. In the first time after childbirth, obstetricians monitor the discharge, and after discharge, the responsibility for their health falls on the shoulders of the woman in labor.

Deviations from the norm:

• Lochiometra is a disease that develops as a result of the retention of lochia in the uterine cavity. The disease manifests itself as a premature stop of postpartum discharge. Against this background, the woman has pain in the abdomen. The reason may be poor contractility of the organ or a mechanical obstacle to the separation of lochia (blockage of the cervical canal).
• Endometritis is an inflammatory process that affects the endometrium. common cause development of endometritis is a lochiometer. As a result of the delay in secretions, which contain clots of mucus, blood and exfoliated endometrium, inflammation occurs. The patient is concerned about pain in the lower abdomen, a burning sensation in the perineum, fever, discharge of a different nature (purulent, bloody).
• Bleeding. Pathological bleeding arise as a result bad contraction uterus, the presence of tumor formations in a woman in labor, inflammatory processes, a protracted course of childbirth and negligence of doctors. Blood loss above the norm requires medication or, in extreme cases, surgical intervention.
• Thrush. Symptoms of thrush are the appearance curdled secretions, itching in the perineum, sometimes there is pain when urinating. The causes of thrush are a decrease in immunity and the penetration of infection.
• Parametritis is an inflammation of the parometrium (uterine fiber). It occurs when an infection penetrates or is a complication of endometritis. The signs of parametritis are sharp rise temperature, abdominal pain, general condition(dizziness, weakness, headaches).

In which case you need to seek help

If alarming symptoms appear, you should seek help from a doctor, delay can lead to serious problems with health.

What a woman should pay attention to:

• The duration of the withdrawals. Obstetricians in the hospital should inform the woman in labor about how much lochia goes after childbirth and what their nature is. If the discharge goes more or less than the permissible norm, this should alert the woman.
• Change in color, the appearance of a fetid odor.
• Resumption of secretions after they have stopped.
• Too much discharge.
• An increase in temperature and the appearance of pain in the lower abdomen.

All of these signs are not the norm and require specialist advice.

Length of discharge after childbirth

How long does lochia last after childbirth? is a question that interests many new mothers.

The duration of bleeding depends on factors such as:

• the weight of the child (large children contribute to a strong overstretching of the organ);
• the amount of amniotic fluid;
• the number of births in history;
• blood clotting (low clotting - a longer recovery process);
• the presence of complications in the form of chronic foci of infection;
• delivery method.

In breastfeeding mothers, the recovery process is completed much faster, and after a caesarean section, lochia usually takes longer. Permissible norm the duration of bleeding is considered to be an interval of 4 to 6 weeks, and in some cases up to 8 weeks.

Lochia after childbirth, what is this phenomenon, how long do they last and when can we talk about pathology? Let's start with the fact that this term refers to the discharge from the vagina of a woman who has survived childbirth (natural or caesarean section).

How many lochia go after childbirth, if there are no complications, it is known - this is a maximum of 2 months. At the same time, the first week of discharge is quite plentiful, more plentiful than menstruation. A woman can rarely get by with ordinary sanitary pads even with big amount"droplets". Immediately after childbirth, most maternity hospitals give out sterile gauze folded several times. After that, it is recommended to use special postpartum pads, they are highly absorbent, they are sold in pharmacies.

After about 5-7 days, the blood stops flowing, it is replaced by a brown "daub", but still quite plentiful. During this period of time, it happens that lochia after childbirth ended and started again - this indicates a pathology, a lochiometer. It is an accumulation of blood, mucus, and sometimes the remains of the placenta in the uterine cavity. It happens due to anatomical features uterus, cervix, hematoma formed on it, which becomes a mechanical obstacle to the exit of blood from the uterus. The same delay can explain why, after childbirth, the discharge (lochia) smells unpleasant, the smell is putrid. Often, such a symptom occurs already with the onset of inflammation, because blood is a breeding ground for pathogenic bacteria.

Is treatment needed? Yes, definitely. But first, the diagnosis. The doctor conducts an examination, which can reveal an enlarged uterus and an almost complete absence of lochia, or vice versa - bleeding (if there is no more mechanical obstruction to the outflow of blood). Helping you make the right decision ultrasonography. If the remains of the placenta are found in the uterus, they will be recommended surgical removal(scrapping procedure). If only accumulations of lochia are found in the uterus, then prophylactic antibiotics may be recommended, as well as drugs that reduce the uterus, especially if the bleeding is heavy.

A woman's fear should be caused not only if the lochia acquired a smell after childbirth, but also pains appeared in the abdomen or lower back, body temperature increased. It should also be taken into account that the last symptom is often present and is a variant of the norm in the so-called establishment breastfeeding when a woman has the first and strong tides of breast milk.

The cause of lochiometers can also be the subinvolution of the uterus - its slow contraction. This may be due to various gynecological diseases e.g. uterine fibroids, adenomyosis, infections. The risk of this pathology is increased in very young and "age" puerperas.

How to independently help the uterus shrink faster, that is, reduce the duration of discharge (lochia) after childbirth:

• do not refuse injections of oxytocin in the hospital and ice, which is placed on the uterus immediately after childbirth;
• try to periodically lie on your stomach;
• if the birth was natural - do not lie too long, move more, low physical activity- one of the main reasons for the formation of lochiometers;
• wear postpartum bandage or wrapped in a diaper;
• breastfeeding more often, on demand, this leads to the production of the hormone oxytocin in the body, which causes the uterus to contract.

And when the lochia runs out after childbirth, it's time to visit a gynecologist to examine and discuss a suitable method of contraception. Usually, the discharge completely stops 1-2 months after childbirth. Moreover, almost the entire postpartum period, with the exception of the first days that a woman usually spends in the hospital, brown discharge is observed, and then a completely light and insignificant “daub”. Sometimes lochia smoothly “passes” into menstruation, which can begin in some women as early as 4 weeks after childbirth.

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