Why does the pubis hurt in women? Why does the pubic bone hurt during pregnancy? And what to do

Pain in the pubic area - pathological condition, inherent in both men and women. It may be caused wide range reasons ranging from traumatic injuries and ending with these dangerous diseases, How malignant neoplasms. Due to the wide variety of provoking factors, if pain occurs, it is recommended to visit a doctor and get advice or qualified help.

Why does the pubis hurt in women?

The pubis is the soft tissue area located directly above the genitals. It is separated from the thighs by the coxofemoral grooves, and from the abdomen by the pubic groove. The structure of this organ includes both soft and bone tissue, so if the pubis hurts in women, the doctor considers the reasons associated with the following pathologies:

• inflammatory processes in the reproductive and urinary system;
• damage to bone tissue (bruises, fractures);
• congenital anomalies of the skeletal system.

Mechanical damage

Soreness is an invariable accompaniment of injuries that can be caused by a direct blow or serious compression of the pelvis (for example, in a car accident). When fractures occur, the pubic bone is displaced, as a result of which the patient complains of pain in the pubic area, which intensifies when trying to lift the lower limb. Often, along with a fracture, damage to the organs of the urinary system occurs, which entails increased urination.

Pathologies in the development of the pubic bone

Pain syndrome can occur when the pubic bone develops incorrectly, when the pubic joint appears in the form of a saber-shaped bar 3 fingers thick (with normal development, it looks like a curved roller one finger thick). In women with an anomaly, the lumen of the vaginal vestibule is half closed, so they cannot have an active sex life.

If you have pain in the pubis after childbirth, with high probability a phenomenon called symphysiolysis is observed. It is understood as the divergence of bones in the symphysis pubis or their increased mobility caused by too rapid delivery or the birth of a large child. The following symptoms are expressed in the pathology:

• pain in the lower back, pelvis, pubis, which becomes more intense at night and when spreading the legs to the sides;
• increased pain when pressing on the pubic bone;
• difficulty climbing stairs;
• clicking in the pelvis when walking;
• lameness or duck gait;
• Difficulty lifting your legs while lying down.

Read also: Pimples on the penis - causes and treatment

Gynecological problems

Pain in the pubic area may indicate gynecological diseases such as endometriosis, adnexitis, ednometritis. The pain above the pubis or in the tubercle itself is nagging or aching, often accompanied by increased temperature, weakness, and irradiation into the perineum. Sometimes with this condition the vagina hurts, the pain intensifies during sexual intercourse or before menstruation.

Other reasons

To other pathologies, causing discomfort among representatives of the fair sex, diseases of the urinary system can be attributed. In particular, painful sensations characteristic of urethritis, in which there are difficulties with urination, pain and burning in the urethra, a feeling as if the bladder has not completely emptied.

Another reason why the pubis hurts is an ectopic pregnancy. More often, pain occurs on the right or left and is accompanied by dizziness and weakness. Gradually pain syndrome becomes more intense, cramping, bleeding from the vagina begins.

Important! An ectopic pregnancy is a serious threat to life, so if you suspect it, you should call an ambulance.

Why does the pubis hurt during pregnancy?

In the second trimester, a woman begins hormonal changes body, there is an increase in the production of relaxin, which helps soften the pubic joint and pelvic bones. Usually this process is asymptomatic, but some pregnant women may develop symphysitis, which is the main reason why the pubis hurts during pregnancy.

When symphysitis appears, the joints become extremely mobile, which causes pain and difficulty moving. As a rule, after childbirth the problem goes away on its own.

Causes of pubic pain in men

Pain in the pubic tubercle occurs more often in men than in women. They can arise completely unexpectedly and acutely or intensify over a long period of time, and be dull or cramping in nature. The intensity and type of pain largely depend on specific diseases or phenomena, the most common of which are:

• inguinal hernia;
• inflammation – prostatitis, vesiculitis, epididymitis;
• birth defects;
• osteomyelitis;
• injuries.

The pubic bone may become injured or inflamed. In this case, it is necessary to consult a traumatologist or gynecologist. This pathology requires careful diagnosis. When the pubic bone hurts, the intensity does not matter, it is important to seek help.

The pubic bone is part of the bones that form the pelvic bone. The pubis consists of two branches and a body, forming a closing opening with a membrane.

Women with a normal build have a roll-shaped bone equal in thickness to the thumb. It is curved and is the pubic eminence. The bone hangs like an arch over the entrance to the vagina, fused with the pelvic bones.

The pubic bone is paired, connects with cartilage and forms the symphysis or pubic symphysis, in which pain usually appears.

The distance between the pubic bones is normally no more than 5 mm. During pregnancy, this figure changes by 3 mm upward.

If your pubic bone hurts

Causes of pain

...in men

Men experience pain associated with injury to the pubic bone. These can be bruises, closed or open fractures.

Highlight following situations related to injuries:

…among women

In addition to injury to the pelvic area, women may have gynecological problems, for example:

• During pregnancy, in the second half, a softening of the joints between the bones occurs, the so-called symphysiolysis syndrome;
• symphysitis or dehiscence bone tissue up to separation during delivery;
• congenital pathologies associated with the structure of the small pelvis.

What does symphysitis mean?

Women after childbirth experience pain in the pubic bone. Most likely, this was influenced by the process of divergence, that is, a violation of the integrity of the symphysis. This is considered a traumatic complication labor activity or rupture.

3 degrees of discrepancy are determined:

The degree does not affect the treatment process. It is necessary in any case. The issue is resolved with a gynecologist.

The causes of the disease have not yet been identified. Scientists are divided in opinion. Some consider it a consequence of calcium deficiency in the body, others blame the increased concentration of relaxin.

Pubic pain in pregnant women

Expectant mothers often experience pain in the symphysis pubis, which occurs mainly in the last trimester of pregnancy.

This happens due to softening of the interosseous joint. Pain differs in its characteristics:

• it is pronounced, especially during movements - turning the body, climbing stairs or getting out of bed;
• worse after lunch;
• swelling appears in the symphysis area;
• if you press on the pubis, you can hear a click;
• a woman cannot lift straight legs from a lying position;
• pain when urinating;
• duck gait with characteristic small steps.

Not everyone is susceptible to this pathology, and the answer to the question by what criteria the disease selects a victim has not been found.

Several processes play a major role in the development of symphysitis:

1. After the first half of pregnancy, the hormone relaxin is produced in more. Every woman needs it to prepare her body for birth process. Thanks to the hormone, the womb loses rigidity and becomes pliable so that the pelvis can expand during childbirth. But, at the same time, resistance to any loads decreases.
2. A decrease in calcium in the body, which is used to form the baby’s musculoskeletal system. This process causes symptoms degenerative change bones - osteoporosis.
3. Intrauterine disturbance during the formation of the pubic symphysis or in childhood also leads to symphysitis.

With an acute rupture of symphysitis, the pain is severe.

Where to go if your pubis hurts

In case of injury, regardless of man or woman, it is necessary to visit a traumatologist for consultation.

If there is no possibility of independent movement or the patient is in in serious condition, you should call an ambulance.

For pain during pregnancy, as well as during postpartum period You need to urgently make an appointment with a gynecologist. It will also help if pain occurs during sexual intercourse.

How is the disease diagnosed in pregnant women?

Diagnosis is an important stage. At the initial appointment, anamnesis is collected and complaints are listened to. You need to try to describe in detail the nature of the pain - when it appears, with what movements it intensifies, etc.

Next, the gynecologist conducts a standard examination, determines the size of the pelvis and the location of the fetus. Lab tests also indicative. Pay attention to the level of calcium in the blood, the amount of estrogen and progesterone.

Among the visual examinations for pregnant women, only ultrasound is available, which can show the pubic symphysis and the condition of the fetus.

When discrepancy appears after childbirth, the patient is sent for an x-ray or computed tomography pelvis

Pathologies causing pubic pain

The fair half of humanity experiences pain in the pubic area for other reasons. It could be:

Some women have a flat, saber-shaped pubis. The problem is that the strap, 3 fingers wide, or maybe more, almost half covers the vagina, which affects a full sex life.

Pain occurs when the penis presses on the periosteum and presses urethra to the edge of the pubis. You need to seek help from a gynecologist and traumatologist.

Treatment of symphysitis

How much the pubic bones have expanded can be judged by the ultrasound result and only then can the treatment method be decided.

1st degree of discrepancy

If the degree of discrepancy is up to 10 mm, then the following is prescribed:

2nd degree of discrepancy

With the second degree of discrepancy, that is, more than 10 mm, it is necessary to use a bandage or corset. This will strengthen pelvic muscles, and will reduce pain.

Wherein natural childbirth Contraindicated for pregnant women.

If the pain is severe, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed.

Exercises for any degree of discrepancy

At any stage of discrepancy, it is prescribed to perform a special gymnastic complex. The exercises are aimed at strengthening the pelvic muscles and are not complicated:

1. Lying on your back, legs bent at the knees and pulled up with your heels towards your buttocks. Then the knees are moved apart very slowly, fixed for 20 seconds and returned to the opposite position.
2. The woman lies on her back and raises her pelvis to 5 cm from the floor. You need to stay in this position for a short time. The heels should be 30 cm from the body.
3. The next exercise is called cat. You need to get on all fours, straighten your back. Slowly the back arches and the head rises. The abdominal and thigh muscles work.

Important! During gymnastics, be sure to monitor your sensations. Under no circumstances should exercises be performed when pain occurs.

Relief from pain due to symphysitis

In case of natural divergence of bones during pregnancy, treatment is not carried out. After childbirth, the ligaments should return to their original state. During this time, your doctor may recommend taking No-shpu or drug Menovazin.

When the patient is in the hospital under the supervision of doctors, at 38 weeks of pregnancy, pain can be treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Pregnant women are prescribed ibuprofen or paracetamol.

When pain appears at 32 weeks of pregnancy and after delivery, antibiotics and UV irradiation are prescribed to avoid the formation of an inflammatory process.

Ointments and gels have a big advantage in treatment, since when they come into contact with the skin, they do not penetrate the systemic bloodstream.

If the pain is severe, then after childbirth the doctor may prescribe opioid painkillers - fentanyl, or use epidural anesthesia.

Other therapies

Traditional methods are almost powerless in this case. Their efficiency is low. The emphasis is mainly on consuming more calcium. A very popular recipe is a combination of sesame seeds with honey and goat cheese.

Corvalol may help reduce pain when applied to the pubic area. Manual therapy a fairly common method of treatment. It gently affects the pelvic and thigh muscles.

• - acupuncture, and this method helps to get rid of pain not only for women, but also for men. Effective method and almost painless;
• - visit an osteopath or chiropractor;
• — drainage, in case of purulent symphysitis;
• - injections of glucocorticoids, NSAIDs, if the cause is osteoperiostitis.

Important! Any alternative technique should not replace primary treatment.

What will happen if left untreated?

When the patient does not receive the required treatment or delays seeking help, the discrepancy can cause a severe pain reaction that appears even with the slightest movement up to total loss mobility.

Rupture of the symphysis - severe complication. Most often occurs on last weeks pregnancy, when the fetus's head enters the pelvis and puts pressure on inflamed and weak ligaments. When a woman ruptures, she experiences severe pain shock.

If the discrepancy is more than 2 cm, then treatment can only be surgical. In the future it will be necessary long recovery and assistance from rehabilitation specialists.

Preventive actions

No special techniques created to avoid symphysitis have yet been invented. But, for women with a history this pathology or anomalous structure pelvis, it is recommended:

In addition, all women carrying a child should:

• stay for a long time fresh air and sunbathing. This will contribute to the production of vitamin D. Relevant for those living in the northern regions of the planet;
• reduce heavy physical activity, walk less on steps and on foot;
• perform exercises to strengthen the pelvic muscles, swim;
• Visit your gynecologist regularly.

Childbirth with problems with the pubic bone

If there is a large divergence of the symphysis pubis - from 1 cm, doctors may suggest planned surgery caesarean section.

If the discrepancy is more than 2 cm, then there is no choice, only delivery surgically to prevent complete rupture of the ligaments. Otherwise, it may take 3 months of complete immobilization before the ligaments heal.

With the second degree of symphysitis, childbirth takes place naturally, without consequences.

The only thing is that a woman must observe 3 days bed rest with overtightened elastic bandage pelvis. It is recommended to use a corset for the next 3 months.

The pubic bone is one of the components of the pelvic bone. It is paired and, connected by a cartilaginous disc, the bones form the symphysis (pubic symphysis). Pain in the pubic bone is often caused by pathological processes precisely in the joint, and not in the soft tissues.

What Causes Pubic Bone Pain?

1. Fracture of both or one pubic bone resulting from direct strong blow in this area, or due to compression and displacement of the pelvic bones. This type of injury is often experienced by victims of car accidents. In this case, the pain in the pubic bone worsens when trying to change the position of the legs and during palpation (palpation). Also, the patient, while in supine position, cannot raise straightened legs due to severe pain. If, in addition to a fracture of the pubic bone, bruises are also observed Bladder, then pain in the pubic bone is also accompanied by a disturbance in the process of urination.
2. In women during pregnancy, the body secretes large quantities relaxin hormone. Under its action, the pelvic bones and joints soften. This happens so that the baby can easily move the mother’s pelvis apart for passage during childbirth. Sometimes, with an excess of this hormone, with a lack of calcium in the pregnant woman’s body, or due to the development of her musculoskeletal system, a woman experiences excessive softening of the joint, pain in the pubic bone appears, the process of movement causes difficulties, and a duck’s gait may develop. This disease is called symphysitis. Symptoms of the disease generally disappear on their own after childbirth.
3. The pain in the pubic bone described above does not always occur during pregnancy. Its appearance is possible after childbirth. The consequence will be symphysiolysis (significant divergence of the pubic bones, and sometimes rupture of the symphysis). This is typical for rapid labor with a large fetus. The pain that a woman experiences with this disease is very strong and is felt even in the sacroiliac joint. The woman in labor should be at rest and with a bandage in the pelvic area. There is a high probability of relapse of the disease during repeated births.
4. Infectious and inflammatory processes affecting parts of the bone tissue (osteomyelitis) can cause inflammation of the symphysis pubis if they affect the pubic bone. Because of this, the symptoms of the disease are very similar to those that appear with symphysitis in pregnant women.
5. Pathological deviations in the development of the pubic bone, when it takes on an elongated flat shape and prevents access to the vagina during sexual intercourse or examination by a gynecologist. During sexual intercourse, a woman experiences pain, as the partner's penis puts pressure on the periosteum and presses the urethra to the rib of the pubic bone. The pain is constantly recurring, and therefore the woman tries to avoid sex.
6. Pain in the pubic bone can also affect a man. In males, it is often associated with the presence of a hernia in groin area. If the pain bothers you in the center of the pubis, then it may appear chronic prostatitis. However, then the pain can affect the entire lower abdomen, lower back, pubis, and sacrum. Sometimes it is difficult for the patient to understand exactly where the pain occurs.
7. If a woman experiences pain to the left or right of the pubis, she may have a gynecological disease or diseases urinary organs. The pain can be acute, sharp, or weak, nagging.

Treatment for pubic bone pain

Treatment of this type of pain includes several points:

• special gymnastic exercises, accentuated on the abdominal muscles and pelvic floor. For example, to perform one of the exercises, you need to get down on all fours and, keeping your back straight, take a breath. When exhaling, the pelvic floor muscles should be squeezed and not unclenched for 5-10 seconds. You should not hold your breath, and you should not move your back. At the end of the exercise, the pelvic muscles must be slowly relaxed. This and similar exercises strengthen the muscles of the back and pelvis;
• manual therapy (gentle). She is providing soft influence on the muscles of the pelvis, hips and back;
• very effective physical exercise performed in water;
• if a woman is bothered by pain in the pubic bone, treatment can be prescribed by a gynecologist. Symphysitis is a common phenomenon among pregnant women, doctors encounter it all the time, so a responsible gynecologist will definitely advise the woman how she should cope with the pain;
• acupuncture. This procedure allows you to relieve pain in the pubic bone not only in women, but also in men. The procedure is almost painless, but very effective. The only thing you should consider when agreeing to acupuncture is to trust your body only to a doctor who has undergone special training in this area of ​​treatment;
• consultation with an osteopath, chiropractor. These doctors know how to cope with pain of this nature, so their consultation will be extremely useful;
• wearing a prenatal bandage. This treatment method applies to pregnant women suffering from pain in the pubic bone;
• percutaneous drainage. It is indicated for purulent symphysitis;
• local injections of glucocorticoids, NSAIDs - for osteoperiostitis;
• taking medications containing calcium.

Many pregnant women notice relief from an exercise such as the “lotus” or “butterfly”. This exercise is otherwise called “sit cross-legged.”

A common reason for visiting a doctor is It's a dull pain, localized over pubic bone. Mostly women come who are later diagnosed gynecological diseases. Men also experience groin syndrome. The symptom is caused by the development of pathologies or the consequences of injuries.

Possible causes of pain in men and women

Unpleasant and sometimes unbearable symptoms are caused by irritation of nerve receptors due to damage or illness. The explanation for the malaise is dysfunction of internal organs.

The cause of discomfort can be determined by its location:

• In the navel area. The transverse colon passes through here, so the syndrome appears due to disorders gastrointestinal tract. Pathologies, causing pain: colitis, polyposis, dysbacteriosis, Crohn's disease, cancer, hernia, as well as obstruction and deformation of intestinal pipes.
• In the groin. This area contains the inguinal canals, ureter and spermatic cord in men, and the ovaries and uterine ligament in women. Pain in the very lower abdomen right above the pubic bone indicates pathologies: urethritis, urolithiasis, funiculitis, adnexitis, cyst, neoplasm or tumor.
• Midway between the navel and groin. In women, it is characterized by damage to the bladder or uterus: cervical erosion, endometriosis, adnexitis, cystitis, pyelonephritis, cyst. In men, this area contains the vas deferens, seminal vesicles, and prostate gland. Therefore, signs may indicate prostate adenoma, prostatitis, inflammation of the genital organs.
• Above the pubis on the sides. On the left is the appendix, on the right, slightly higher, are the kidneys. Symptoms may indicate appendicitis, polycystic disease, colitis, salpingitis, tumor, inflammation or renal failure.

Pelvic organs in women

The painful condition is sometimes explained by injury or physiological changes:

• Manifestations of spasmodic syndrome are caused by fractures, bruises, and organ damage due to an accident or direct blow.
• Women often have pain in the lower abdomen, directly in the suprapubic bone, when carrying a child in the 2nd–3rd trimester. The condition is caused by skeletal changes: separation of bone elements due to fetal growth.
• On early stages ectopic pregnancy worries a lot, sharp pain. Symptom caused by deformity fallopian tube, to which the egg is attached. At 8–10 weeks the canal ruptures.
• During menstruation, women often feel a nagging discomfort in the pubic area - the tubercle located in the lower abdomen, where the pubic symphysis is located. The spasm from the groin radiates to the back and is explained by the expansion of the uterine canal.
• In old age, women face pain during menopause and menopause. This is caused by hormonal changes, decreased endurance, calcium deficiency. The body is also rebuilt in girls adolescence, so spasms occur.

Pain - useful symptom, serving as a signal from the body for help. To identify pathology, it is important not only to determine the location of the spasm, but also the nature of the manifestations.

Pain symptoms

Pain in the groin area, above the pubis or near the navel indicates pathologies of the pelvic organs. Manifestations can be expressed by localized spasms or radiate to the lumbar region, abdomen, or leg. In addition to the pain syndrome, which intensifies with pressure and movement, concomitant manifestations of diseases appear.

Signs of pathologies in women

Often, symptoms of malaise in women are caused by infectious or inflammatory processes reproductive system.

To avoid complications, it is important to immediately consult a doctor and describe the characteristic manifestations.

The main gynecological diseases that cause pain in the pubic area:

Cervical erosion	burning, painful urination; discomfort, dryness during sexual intercourse; discharge with brown spots, sometimes profuse leucorrhoea.
Endometriosis	dizziness; nausea, vomiting; aching pain in the lower abdomen; may pull during bowel movements, menstruation, sexual intercourse.
Ovarian cyst	pain in the abdominal cavity; feeling of heaviness, distension; abdominal enlargement caused by fluid accumulation; intestinal disorders are possible.
Adnexit	cycle disruptions, sweating; mucopurulent discharge; acute cramps of the abdomen, lower back; burning when urinating; in the chronic form of the pathology, intoxication of the body is observed.

The severity of symptoms depends on the stage of the disease. As the disorder develops, the manifestations are weak and some signs are absent. Relapses are accompanied by acute pain, and with infections the temperature rises.

Signs of pathologies in men

Pain above the pubic bone in the groin in men is caused by urological dysfunctions. Manifestations are triggered by inflammation, an increase in the size of the genital organs, or a neoplasm.

Common pathologies that cause pain:

Prostatitis	sluggish jet flow; frequent, painful bowel movements; spasms in lumbar region, groin, genitals; disorders of potency and erection; mucous discharge is possible.
BPH	sharp pain in the groin area; intermittent urine flow; weak pressure and slow speed when urinating; increased tension, delay in emptying the bladder; frequent urge to go to the toilet, incontinence.
Inflammation of the seminal vesicles or vesiculitis	discomfort in the pelvic area; pain during ejaculation; spontaneous ejaculation; streaks of blood in the semen; burning during urination, pain during bowel movements; headaches and fever are possible.

Unpleasant sensations are often localized on one side, which indicates damage to a specific organ, its right or left side. On early stage the pathology is mild and rarely asymptomatic.

Signs of gastrointestinal diseases

Digestive disorders occur in both men and women.

If, in addition to painful tingling, discomfort and spasms, dyspeptic disorders appear, gastrointestinal dysfunction occurs in the body.

Abdominal cramps may be accompanied by the following pathologies:

Colitis of the intestines	pain when moving, exercising, eating; alternating constipation and diarrhea; flatulence, bloating, heaviness; false urge to go to the toilet; mucus or blood in the stool; general weakness of the body.
Dysbacteriosis	pain in the stomach; increased gas formation; sour stool smell, discoloration; nausea, belching, poor appetite; unstable stool, diarrhea; dry skin.
Umbilical hernia	colicky pain; strongly protruding navel; when pressed, the abdominal cavity feels empty; Possible intoxication of the body and dyspeptic disorders.
Irritable bowel syndrome	unstable stool, alternating diarrhea and diarrhea; cramps before bowel movements; frequent urge to defecate; flatulence, bloating; mucous discharge from the anus.
Appendicitis	constant spasm in the right side; pain is reflected in the epigastric, lumbar region; loose stools, frequent urination; nausea, reflex vomiting; malaise, weakness.

Even with mild manifestations of the disease, you should immediately go to the hospital. Better to prevent possible violation or detect pathology on initial stage than to treat the complication surgically.

Which doctor should I contact?

To make a diagnosis and prescribe treatment, you need to make an appointment with a doctor. The choice of specialist depends on the symptoms and nature of the pain in the suprapubic region.

Who to go to for an appointment:

• A traumatologist is contacted if the syndrome causes difficulty in movement, the inability to straighten up, or a “duck gait.”
• After accidents and serious damage to the integrity of bones and tissues, they turn to a surgeon.
• If symptoms caused by pregnancy, childbirth, or physiological changes in women need to be examined by a gynecologist.
• Men with suspicions inflammatory diseases and pathologies genitourinary system An examination by a urologist will be required.

In any case, after preliminary diagnosis, the doctor will, if necessary, give a referral to another specialist, as well as prescribe studies and tests.

Establishing diagnosis

At the appointment, the doctor examines the location of the pain and determines the disorder by pressing on the disturbing area. Palps and visually checks the likelihood of enlargement of any organ due to inflammation. The patient’s task is to accurately reproduce recent events. It is also important to correctly describe the symptoms. What kind of pain, tingling, aching or cutting, where does it go?

After examination and questioning, the doctor refers to additional research to clarify the diagnosis:

• blood, urine, and, if necessary, stool tests;
• MRI or computed tomography;
• Ultrasound of the genitourinary system;
• scraping or smear analysis;
• X-ray.

Additional hardware examinations may be prescribed, depending on the type of pathology. After studying the results, the doctor makes a diagnosis and prescribes drug treatment, home care, rehabilitation procedures. Most often, therapy is performed in a conservative way. However, when chronic forms life-threatening diseases or complications will require surgical intervention.

Pain above the pubic area is a symptom that should not be ignored. It is recommended to analyze possible reasons discomfort to eliminate them. The best prevention the syndrome will become balanced diet, compliance with hygiene rules, control physical activity, exclusion of stressful situations.

One of the three elements of the pelvic girdle is the pubic bone, which is located below the front of the hip area. It has its own structural features and performs certain functions. Her mechanical damage is a threat to the genitourinary system, regardless of gender or age.

Structural features

The anatomy of the pubic bone has its own structure and consists of two parts, which are placed at different angles relative to each other and directly to the pelvic region itself. Between the two branches of the upper part of the paired element there is a perpendicular formation, usually called the pubic symphysis or pubic junction. Together with both branches, the body of the frontal part forms an acetabulum with an obturator passage covered by a membrane.

The pubic bone in men has its own structural characteristics, but in women the pubic bone is appearance resembles a roller design, and its thickness is equal to the diameter thumb brushes At the same time, it forms a kind of elevation located above the entrance to the vagina, which does not in any way prevent the penetration of the penis into the female genitalia. And in men, both parts are connected, and at the point of articulation they form a subpubic angle, which is their difference.

Common Elements anatomical structure are expressed in the fact that both sexes have similar sections: top part pubic symphysis, Bottom part main bone and body.

The pubic ossicle may look like a transition from the front side of the acetabulum to the upper edge, which runs in the middle, rushing forward downwards. It has a sharp convex shape, therefore it is called the crest of the frontal bone. Its trailing ridge is localized on the lower edge of the upper branch.

In front upper branch smoothly flows into the lower one, and its plane, which is closer to the center, is called the symphysial plane. Both parts with the ischium form the obturator foramen. At its upper part there is a canal where nerve and vascular branches are located.

Deformation

As described above, the pubic bone is shaped like a roller, which forms a kind of elevation and has a width equal to the diameter of the thumb. It is localized above the vaginal meatus, articulating with the adjacent bones of the hip. Sometimes it is presented as a saber-shaped pubic bone, which is much thicker than normal. It covers most of the entrance to the female genitalia, which significantly disrupts sexual intercourse.

In addition, the saber bone causes complications during childbirth, so doctors have to resort to surgical care, since such formation interferes with the normal passage of the fetus.

Functions

All parts of the pelvic girdle are involved in the hematopoietic process due to the presence of red bone substance. They also play a very important supporting and connecting function, which is to combine the torso with the lower limbs, stability of the body due to the uniform distribution of the load. Thanks to this, a person can stand, walk, run and jump. In addition, the pelvic region performs protective function, hiding behind himself internal organs genitourinary system and protecting them from external physical influence.

Diseases and injuries

Considering where the pubic bones are located, most often pelvic girdle pain syndromes are associated with pathological disorders, regardless of gender. Doctors identify several main reasons:

• Pathological changes;
• Mechanical damage;
• Rupture of the symphysis pubis during childbirth;
• Viral lesions - osteomyelitis of the pubis and the like;
• Inflammation;
• Deformation of the symphysis during pregnancy in women.

There are cases when pain is observed in the anterior part of the pelvis. This happens for a reason cancer Bladder.

Disorders during pregnancy

Quite often, pregnant women have complaints of pain, and the reason for this is the pubic bone, the anatomy of which has some peculiarities. This usually happens in the second trimester of pregnancy, in almost all expectant mothers. That's how it works female body, the closer the birth is, the faster he begins to prepare for the appearance of the baby. This applies to all organs and systems located nearby and responsible for this process. Saber bones also fall under this category, when under hormonal pressure, ligaments and cartilage tissue the frontal joint begins to stretch, thereby freeing the passage for the fetus.

Sometimes such a process in the body can be accompanied by pain, this is explained by the development pathological complications. Depending on the intensity of the pain, symptoms of stretching may appear, accompanied by swelling in the pubic area. This sign indicates the development of symphysitis. Women suffering from this disease experience changes in their gait.

In addition, symphysitis can occur with insufficient calcium. However, no matter what the reason for this disease, you need to consult a doctor.

Symphiolysis

If a girl was about to give birth, but avoided unpleasant symptoms manifestations of symphysitis during pregnancy, this does not mean that everything is fine. Similar signs can appear after the birth of the child, and this condition is called symphysiolysis. When the symphysis is ruptured, the joints of the pelvic-pubic or sacroiliac region may hurt.

When a disease is detected, the patient is prescribed bed rest and ensured immobility. hip bones using a bandage. During another pregnancy similar condition may recur, only the symptoms and pain will be less pronounced.

Pelvic fractures

The most severe lesions of the pelvic elements are fractures. Given the severity of the injury, fractures may be accompanied by bleeding, infection, or other complications. If this concerns the frontal segments, the injury can cause damage to internal organs.

Symptoms

If the pubis breaks in the upper part, the pain forces the person to take a horizontal position, bending his knees and spreading them to the sides. Injuries lower branch or body, are accompanied by acute pain in the area of ​​the uterus, which increases with palpation and interferes with the movement of the lower extremities.

In case of a fracture or rupture of the symphysis pubis, the patient bends his legs, bringing them together. And with urea bruises, urinary function may be impaired.

Treatment

In case of complex injuries, first of all, the doctor must assess the condition of the victim in order to prevent severe blood loss or painful shock.

At severe pain the patient is given local anesthesia, and in extreme cases severe cases To relieve pain, a novocaine blockade is performed. After this, the pelvic region is fixed: if the injury is one-sided, then the patient is placed on his back, so that lower limb from the diseased edge was fixed. The patient will have to maintain this position for about 30 days.

In case of bilateral damage, the victim is also placed on his back, and his knees are raised up. The feet should be brought together and kneecaps separated on the sides. The treatment period depends on the regeneration of bone tissue. The patient is prescribed bed rest, physiotherapeutic procedures, Pilates - special fitness exercises, massage.

Bruises

With bruises, there are usually no significant lesions skin, destruction of the bone structure. Most often, such injuries occur at work, from falls or car accidents. This type of injury is characterized by the appearance of bruises - subcutaneous accumulation of blood due to destruction of capillaries, arteries and other small vessels.

The main signs of bruises are painful sensations in the area of ​​the pubic symphysis. The pain may worsen when walking or other movements. When treating them, first of all, doctors try to relieve pain, after which they prescribe medications that help relieve tumors.

Bruises can lead to some complications. Most often, the patient experiences case syndrome or damage to muscle tissue.

Neoplasms

In medicine, there are two types of tumors: malignant or benign. Moreover, they can also be primary or secondary. Popular ways to detect this pathology are computer examination pelvic girdle.

During treatment tumor diseases doctors often use surgical operations, radiation or chemical therapy.