home Audience 4 Whether bleeding during menstruation. How to help yourself. Pathological conditions that determine the presence of blood in the sputum

Whether bleeding during menstruation. How to help yourself. Pathological conditions that determine the presence of blood in the sputum

Menstruation is physiological process. With the regularity of the ovarian cycle, a woman's body prepares to receive a fertilized egg. Hormones work for this, stimulating the growth of the inner layer of the uterus, where the fetal egg should attach.

If pregnancy did not happen, the entire unclaimed " construction material”is excreted from the body of a woman. This is the basis for regular spotting. Normal monthly blood loss averages from 50 to 100 ml and does not lead to negative phenomena and symptoms.

Discharge during menstruation is fundamentally different from bleeding itself. They include mucus, cells and tissues of the endometrium, fermented, altered blood, resulting from the physiological exfoliation of the "old" endometrium. It has a dark color, clots.

In terms of intensity, menstruation can be plentiful and meager. It depends on various factors:

Individual characteristics, heredity.
Climate, nationality.
Overweight or, conversely, underweight.
Labile (unstable) psyche.
Age.

In any case, if there are doubts and it is not clear how to distinguish menstruation from bleeding, then it is better to consult a specialist.

Uterine bleeding

Uterine bleeding is a pathological process caused by different reasons leading to blood loss and anemia varying degrees gravity. How to distinguish bleeding from menstruation, consider the differences:

An increase in the volume of blood loss during menstruation, compared with their normal course before.
Duration increase menstrual flow.
Cycling failure ( bloody issues start earlier or later than expected).
Discharge with blood appears after sexual contact.
Uterine bleeding after menopause during menopause.

How to determine if it is heavy periods or bleeding? According to the following indications:

Abundant discharge requires more frequent consumption of hygiene products, replacement every 1-2 hours.
The amount of blood released is higher than usual.
The color of the blood is brighter, redder than with normal menstruation.
General malaise, weakness, dizziness - not the same as always during menstruation.
The interval between periods is less than 20 days.
In general and biochemical analysis blood - symptoms iron deficiency anemia.

Types and classification

In each time period of a woman's life from her birth, the formation of the body takes place, preparing it for childbearing function, for pregnancy and childbirth, with its subsequent extinction during menopause. It's the work of the glands internal secretion and if it fails, uterine bleeding can occur at any age:

Blood discharge of newborns - for the first time days after childbirth, in the first week of life - are normal, pass on their own, the reason is hormonal.
Before puberty - false puberty: spotting associated with hormonal ovarian tumors.
During puberty - juvenile, caused hormonal disruptions, emotional state, physical activity. Associated with a violation of ovulation, more often with its absence. IN puberty can be caused by pathologies: ovarian neoplasms, clotting factors, etc.
IN reproductive age- dysfunctional (ovulatory), organic, associated with pathologies of pregnancy and childbirth.
During menopause, depend on hormonal imbalance and diseases of the internal genital organs.

Bleeding of the reproductive period

During childbearing, the most important period in a woman's life, the problem of how to distinguish between menstruation and bleeding occurs most often. At this time, there are many reasons for the manifestation pathological symptoms. How do you know when to sound the alarm?

The main reasons for this age period:

abortion spontaneous miscarriages, ectopic pregnancy.
Bubble drift.
Inflammatory diseases of the internal genital organs.
Gynecological pathologies (endometritis, endometriosis, hormone-dependent tumors).
Blood loss during and after childbirth.
dysfunctional disorders.

Implantation bleeding - small bleeding at the time of implantation gestational sac into the endometrium of the uterus. This is a slight discharge lasting several hours, often goes unnoticed due to scarcity.

During pregnancy, bleeding is associated with its interruption at early dates, with the development of an ectopic (ectopic) pregnancy.

In the second half of the term, blood loss is sometimes caused by a serious pathology - placental abruption, uterine rupture. IN similar cases, pregnant women with signs of bleeding are observed in the hospital.

Dysfunctional blood loss

Associated with hormonal disruptions, stress, malnutrition and other health disorders, but are not accompanied by persistent pathological changes, which lead to the failure of the menstrual cycle. There are:

Ovulatory (in the presence of ovulation) - in women of childbearing age.
Anovulatory (in the absence of ovulation) - in puberty and during menopause.

Organic uterine blood loss

Accompany diseases of the female genital area. It can be confused with menstruation if the pathology that caused bleeding is chronic and does not have a vivid clinical picture.

Sometimes they occur without gynecological problems, with extragenital diseases, for example, in violation of the blood coagulation system.

Iatrogenic bleeding

Literally - arising from the intervention of doctors. Often associated with admission hormonal drugs, contraceptives, drug treatment, affecting coagulation factors and psycho-emotional state.

This includes bleeding after insertion. intrauterine device.

postpartum hemorrhage

In the period after childbirth, bleeding is caused by a decrease in the tone of the uterus and its contractility, an incompletely born placenta, disorders of the blood coagulation system.

Normally, after childbirth, lochia is released - physiological hemorrhages, for up to 6-8 weeks. These are lengthy physiological secretions, which tend to decrease. Immediately after childbirth, lochia is more abundant, but after 5-7 days, the discharge decreases in volume, which is facilitated by breastfeeding.

We note the signs, the appearance of which after childbirth should alert a woman:

Lochia bright red, more than 3 days.
Bleeding increases, and should decrease.
They have an unpleasant, putrid odor.
Deterioration general condition(weakness, chills, fever).

So the infection can manifest itself in the early postpartum period.

Sometimes bleeding appears a month after birth and later. This is an alarming symptom, and a young mother should definitely visit a doctor.

The cause of such discharge may be endometritis, inflammation inner shell body of the uterus.

In addition to spotting, there will be a change in the general condition of the body. Fever, weakness.

When breastfeeding, menstruation may not occur throughout the entire lactation period, so any discharge from the vagina is a signal to be examined. At artificial feeding menstrual cycle may recover in a few months.

Menopause

At this time, uterine bleeding is caused by hormonal disruptions or gynecological diseases. The most common are fibroids, endometriosis, endometrial polyps, malignant neoplasms.

The climacteric period is divided into several phases:

Perimenopause - dysfunctional bleeding caused by hormonal disruptions and menstrual irregularities, physiological for this period, is characteristic. Pathological - caused by diseases, iatrogenic factors.
Menopause - bleeding predominates due to diseases (myoma, endometrial hyperplasia, etc.), hormonal disruptions, pathology endocrine system, problems with blood clotting.
Postmenopause - hormonal factor present only when taking drugs containing hormones. All other causes are caused by diseases.

It must be remembered that in the first two periods, the woman is still capable of fertilization. Therefore, bleeding can be caused by spontaneous abortion and complications of the course of such a late pregnancy.

It is especially important to pay attention to cases when bleeding occurs during an established menopause. Most often, these are symptoms of a serious illness.

Bleeding during menstruation - for what reason does it occur, do I need to see a doctor and how to reduce blood loss on my own? These are all very important and frequently asked questions. After all, many women suffer from heavy menstruation, both young and approaching the age of menopause. Let's start with theory.

Norm and pathology

Normally, a woman during menstruation loses no more than 50 grams of blood for all days of menstruation. Usually, in the first 2-3 days, bleeding is stronger, there may be slight pain in the uterus, caused by its contraction. 40-50 grams is a moderate discharge. Less than 40 grams - meager.

With a blood loss of 50 to 80 grams, they talk about the possible occurrence of iron deficiency, especially if a woman eats poorly, eats insufficient iron-containing foods. Another sign of iron deficiency is profuse hair loss all over the head.

With blood loss from 80 to 120 grams, they talk about the need to reduce it with the help of hemostatic or hormonal drugs. And be sure to check for iron deficiency.

Be sure to tell your doctor if you have heavy bleeding with menstruation with clots, especially if they are large - more than 2 cm. This may indicate a large blood loss. If this has not been observed before, there is a possibility of a miscarriage, that is, a woman may be pregnant, termination of pregnancy should also be considered as one of the possible causes bleeding. Usually miscarriage is accompanied by painful sensations in the area of the uterus, spasms, sometimes fever, nausea, weakness.

Urgent health care, or, by at least, consultation is needed if there is very heavy bleeding during menstruation, one hygienic (not daily) pad completely gets wet in 2 or less hours. Simply, with abundant discharge, you can wait for them to end and go for an examination to a gynecologist to discuss this situation.

But by the way, these emergency situations occur infrequently. The issue of uterine bleeding or menstruation usually occurs in women around the middle of the cycle. And then doctors, regardless of the abundance of discharge, say that this is bleeding, the so-called dysfunctional. There is a minimum cycle length of 21 days. If the blood appeared, say, on the 18th day, then you must remember how to distinguish between menstruation and bleeding, and that in this case you can and should consult a doctor.

How to understand how much blood you are losing and what to do

The easiest way is to weigh a clean sanitary napkin on a small scale that accurately shows grams, and then used. The difference between the two values will be the amount of blood lost. Record each time this difference and summarize.

With a blood loss of more than 50-60 grams, you can think about taking oral contraceptives ( hormonal pills). If the reason copious discharge serves as endometriosis, and if a woman does not plan to this moment Pregnancy is a great way to keep your blood loss moderate or even meager. But you should only remember that on your own, especially for the first time, you should not start taking contraceptives. Perhaps you have contraindications for taking them that you do not take into account. So, hormonal contraceptives should not be taken smoking women, especially older than 35 years, with severe hypertension, hepatic and kidney failure, thrombosis in history, etc.

If lane oral contraceptives for some reason they are not suitable - you can try taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. They have analgesic and antipyretic properties (the well-known "Ibuprofen"). But besides this, it has the property of somewhat reducing blood loss. One problem - it can not be with a sick stomach.

How to stop bleeding during menstruation most quickly, effectively and safely? Many doctors recommend Dicinon in the old fashioned way, but more modern and effective tool is Tranexam. You need to take according to the instructions. But drinking nettle is completely ineffective. It only makes sense if there is absolutely no way out. For example, when you are out of town and there are no pharmacies nearby.

But sometimes it’s more correct not to try to find the most effective and suitable pills to stop bleeding during menstruation, but to eliminate the cause of this pathology. It could be an endometrial polyp. It is removed during the scraping procedure, or better - hysteroscopy, so the doctor will definitely not be mistaken. By the way, the polyp also causes bleeding after menstruation, intermenstrual. It is imperative to get rid of it.

Another common cause is uterine fibroids, especially submucosal and/or large subserous, intramural. The myomatous node does not allow the uterus to contract well. Therefore, menstruation can be not only plentiful, but also prolonged. Submucosal fibroids are usually removed at any size; for this, it is not necessary to make an incision in the peritoneum. Myoma is removed during hysteroscopy, through the vagina. Intramuscular myoma nodes and subserous (growing on the uterus like "mushrooms") up to 7 cm in size can be removed laparoscopically. And more than 7-8 cm laparotomically. However, it should be noted that there is a conservative hormonal treatment uterine fibroids. True, it helps for a while. But serves well preoperative preparation. Nodes after treatment are reduced in size by about half.

And, of course, we should not forget about uterine artery embolization (UAE). This is a procedure for "killing" fibroids without an incision. In the artery that feeds the fibroids, under X-ray control, the doctor injects emboli - particles that should cut off the nutrition for the fibroids. After that, it becomes necrotic. There are already successful results of the procedure in women planning a pregnancy. But now ema don't count for them the best choice, as it can potentially harm the uterus and ovaries. But for women who are not planning a pregnancy, over the age of 35 and with multiple uterine fibroids, this is a great way to get rid of problems, including heavy periods.

And finally, the problem of heavy menstrual flow may be due to iron deficiency. Yes, oddly enough, and iron deficiency is provoked by a large blood loss, and blood loss can be a consequence of iron deficiency. But just to get correct result(iron deficiency can be hidden), you need to donate blood not for hemoglobin, but for ferritin. If this diagnosis is confirmed, when taking iron-containing drugs, the periods become less abundant.

By the way, consultation of a hematologist and endocrinologist, in general, will not harm if the gynecologist has not found the cause of hypermenorrhea (heavy menstruation). After all, the problem may be on their part ...

Remember that hypermenorrhea is not the norm. You can and should get rid of it. This will be good for health and improve the quality of life.

How to distinguish menstruation from bleeding, in what cases should you consult a doctor? Every woman's menstruation is individual characteristics, consisting in the length of the time interval from one menstruation to another (cycle) and the volume of discharge.

But sometimes for ordinary critical days women take uterine bleeding. And this can be dangerously large loss of blood, iron deficiency anemia. It doesn't always work out quickly. What is the difference between menstruation and bleeding in women?

1. The amount of blood lost. During critical days, with moderate discharge, it is up to 50 grams for all days of menstruation. With abundant - up to 80 grams. If the volume is more than 80 grams, this can lead to iron deficiency anemia. Bleeding should be regarded as a situation when you have to change the hygiene product once an hour.

2. Start date. The shortest menstrual cycle can last 21 days. You can distinguish implantation bleeding from menstruation by early start, as well as in abundance. When an egg is introduced into the wall of the uterus, just a few drops of blood can stand out. They are rarely noticed by women.
If the volume is larger - this is intermenstrual spotting.

3. Color. It is possible to distinguish heavy periods from bleeding on this basis. During critical days, the blood is rather dark. But with bleeding, it is bright, scarlet, in combination with a large amount of secretions.

4. Duration. Normally, menstruation lasts from 3 to 7 days.

IN emergency assistance you need with a lot of blood loss. Therefore, first of all, we pay attention to the first point. The remaining three are also important, but they endure until a scheduled appointment with a doctor.

An experienced gynecologist knows how to distinguish menstruation from uterine bleeding just by eye, when viewed on a chair. And if it is really a pathology, then the treatment will be carried out in a hospital. But in a not very difficult situation, if it is still heavy menstruation, you can be treated at home.

Doctors usually prescribe the following drugs to reduce blood loss.

1. "Dicinon". Its dosage is 10-20 mg per 1 kg of weight, divided into 3-4 doses. It is often prescribed 5 days before menstruation to prevent rather than stop heavy bleeding.

2. "Vikasol". More effective at intramuscular injection, often prescribed in conjunction with "Oxytocin".

3. "Tranexam". Most modern drug, but can lead to the formation of blood clots in the vessels in certain diseases.

Often, in addition to these drugs, herbs are also prescribed. But their effectiveness, compared with medicines, is quite low.
Keep in mind that making a diagnosis is the prerogative of a doctor, just like prescribing treatment. Self-activity in this matter never leads to good.

Instruction

With severe internal bleeding, the above symptoms are accompanied by severe pallor, cold extremities, thirst, clammy sweat, drowsiness, dizziness, deterioration of health, decreased vision (feeling of a veil before the eyes), lack of air. If first aid is not provided, there is a weakening and increased heart rate, a heartbeat is felt. With a large blood loss, the pressure drops sharply and may occur death.

Pulmonary bleeding can be due to tuberculosis. For some time it is preceded by hemoptysis or a slight admixture in. Subsequently, it is manifested by the release of up to several glasses. Bleeding caused by trauma chest, accompanied by a feeling of chest compression and lack of air. It has to do with filling pleural cavity blood.

Gastric bleeding can occur with many diseases, for example, with ulcers, tumors, polyps, and sometimes with damage to nearby organs - the liver, pancreas, spleen. One of the signs stomach bleeding is brown vomit and tarry, copious stools. With a strong outflow of blood, sticky sweat appears on the forehead, weakness and palpitations appear. With untimely assistance, due to large blood loss, pressure drops and sometimes to critical level.

Intestinal bleeding most often associated with diseases of this organ. When bleeding from upper divisions intestines stool take on the color of tar. From lower divisions, for example, at or cracks anus- feces can be mixed with scarlet blood.

Uterine bleeding is common in many female diseases- inflammation of the uterus and appendages, long periods(more than 10 days), pathology or miscarriages. When ruptured (due to inflammation or), blood is poured into abdominal cavity causing symptoms of acute blood loss.

note

Internal bleeding is much more dangerous than external bleeding, since it is not possible to establish them immediately. Therefore, at the first sign of it, it is worth calling an ambulance.

Sources:

how to determine bleeding during menstruation

In our Everyday life happen different situations. Sometimes not the most pleasant. We are all susceptible to injuries and one of the most dangerous types of injuries are those that are accompanied by damage. blood vessels. Everyone should know how to stop bleeding - sometimes it directly depends on the speed of the assistance provided. human life.

There are two types of bleeding: internal and external. Distinguish between arterial, venous and capillary bleeding- depending on which vessels are damaged.

Arterial bleeding is the largest. Bright scarlet with arterial bleeding pours out in pulsating shocks in time with heart contractions. The rate of such bleeding is very high - if not rendered, then in a few minutes a person can. To stop arterial bleeding, it is urgent to apply a hemostatic tourniquet. If not, then you can use a belt, strong rope, durable matter. The tourniquet is applied above the bleeding site in two or three turns, and then tightened until the blood stops completely. However, care must be taken not to damage the muscles. The tourniquet is applied for a maximum of two hours in the warm season and no more than one hour in the cold.

Concerning venous bleeding, then its intensity is much less, the blood has dark color and continuously flows out in a uniform stream. You can stop bleeding with a pressure bandage. To do this, cover the wound with a bandage (or any other clean cloth), put cotton over it and bandage it tightly.

Capillary bleeding can occur when the smallest blood vessels are damaged. At the same time, blood flows out in small quantities and rather slowly. If the clotting indicators are in, then this type of bleeding stops quite quickly on its own. You can stop it with a bandage or sterile dressing.

Very dangerous view bleeding is internal. Diagnose him only in the hospital, but suspect internal bleeding possible by appearance: he is covered with cold sweat, he has a weak pulse. In this case, it is not possible to stop the bleeding on your own. Urgent hospitalization is required. Having called an ambulance, you should lay the person down and try not to move him. If there is an assumption in which particular area of \u200b\u200bthe body internal bleeding occurs, then something cold can be applied there - for example, an ice pack.

Pathological conditions that determine the presence of blood in the sputum

If there is expectoration of sputum with blood, this is an alarming symptom. It can be caused by lung cancer, this is one of the main causes with blood. In addition, the cause of hemoptysis may be pneumonia, lung abscess, chronic or acute bronchi, bronchiectasis, tuberculosis, certain heart diseases, embolism pulmonary artery, respiratory cystic fibrosis, as well as diseases of the upper digestive system.

Also, blood in the sputum can be a consequence diagnostic procedures. Bronchoscopy of the lung before surgery, taking anticoagulants and other external interventions can cause damage to the blood vessels in the lungs and, as a result, the appearance of blood in the sputum.

In more late dates when a woman already knows about her pregnancy, indicate blood discharge. Bleeding can either be accompanied by pain or be completely painless, the blood may be scarlet or brown. The amount of blood varies from just a few drops to heavy bleeding. The most dangerous is severe bleeding in combination with pain, cramps in the abdomen, genitals. In these cases, immediate medical attention is required.

Some women experience pain in the lower back (lower back) when threatened with a miscarriage, which may also radiate to the lower abdomen. The pain, often accompanied by spasms, can be so severe that it becomes difficult for a woman to breathe. If it becomes paroxysmal, similar to labor pains, this almost certainly indicates the onset of a miscarriage. To prevent this threat, it is necessary to take the pregnant woman to the hospital as soon as possible. In some cases, doctors manage to save the fetus. Therefore, you should immediately call " ambulance».

If the miscarriage occurred for a very early stage pregnancy, a woman may not even see the fetus among the discharge. In the case when the fetus has already noticeably formed and come out entirely, it looks like a rounded grayish bubble. If it comes out in parts, small light clots can be seen among the secretions. Bleeding and pain may continue for several days. In any case, at the first signs of a miscarriage, you should consult a specialist, since blood clots remaining in the uterus can be the cause serious illnesses.

The appearance of a cough with sputum indicates an inflammatory process in the respiratory system. With pronounced acute inflammation respiratory tract possible rupture of the walls of blood vessels, which leads to the appearance of bloody streaks in the sputum. Some long-term processes (tuberculosis, oncology) cause heavy bleeding when coughing.

From injections.

Inflammatory processes respiratory tract are accompanied by a cough, this is a reflex reaction of the body to an irritating component - sputum. When coughing, the muscles of the chest and abs are very sharply compressed, the mucous membrane vibrates. Thanks to this mechanism, the outflow of sputum from the lungs and bronchi occurs. Sometimes when coughing up sputum, you may see streaks of blood. This phenomenon is due to the fact that when you cough, the mucous membrane “shudders” and the thinned, inflamed vessels in the upper layer do not withstand pressure and burst. At the same time, a small amount of capillary blood, which has a light red color, flows out. in the phlegm capillary blood appears as scarlet streaks.

The appearance of blood clots in the sputum indicates a rupture of wider vessels; either total inflammation of the bronchi, or oncological processes, or pulmonary tuberculosis can provoke a phenomenon. The appearance of bright red clots in the sputum against the background of a cold usually indicates a severe inflammatory pathology in which large vessels are affected.

In oncological processes, there is a breakdown of tissues with the vessels in them. Such processes when coughing are accompanied by copious discharge, which has a dark brown or "rusty" color and bad smell. Tumor processes respiratory tract are long and often pass without fever and pain, so the appearance of sputum with blood is one of the first diagnostic signs.

Pulmonary tuberculosis in stages 2-3 is accompanied by the appearance of sputum with blood. With negative dynamics pathological process note first the presence of scarlet streaks, then the amount of blood in the sputum increases. severe forms tuberculosis are accompanied pulmonary bleeding.

What is considered a pathology?

The average cycle length is 28 days, but the duration may vary depending on individually. Directly on the monthly accounts for 4-7 days. If the discharge is observed for more than the maximum period, pathology should be suspected.

Menstruation may be accompanied by minor pain, but should not disturb the usual rhythm of life. If you are forced to take time off from work, to spend time lying in bed, then this is also a reason to see a doctor.

The amount of blood loss is critical. It should not lead to the development of anemia, the signs of which are dizziness, tachycardia, darkening of the eyes, shortness of breath. How to determine whether it is heavy periods or bleeding: you need to calculate how often the pads change. If a tampon or sanitary napkin overflow within an hour, this is not the norm.

The detachable endometrium may look like small strands or clots. But sometimes bleeding occurs with the release of large dark clots and some light blood. This condition also has its reasons.

Why does the nature of the secretions change?

The reasons for heavy periods can be different - from minor functional disorders to severe pathologies.

Pathology of the uterus

With severe myomatosis, an increase in the internal area of \u200b\u200bthe uterus occurs, a change in its shape. Therefore, the endometrium is separated longer, there is more of it, which means that the bleeding is more abundant. Endometriosis is a pathological growth of the endometrium. It grows into the muscular layer of the uterus. The separation is accompanied by pain, profuse blood loss. Both pathologies develop against the background of hyperestrogenism, which contributes to endometrial hyperplasia. This condition is also characterized by intermenstrual bleeding.

Causes of heavy periods with clots may be in a change in the shape of the uterus. If there are, which interfere with the normal outflow of blood, it lingers inside, has time to curl up and comes out in the form of clots.

It is worth alerting when heavy periods with clots appear after 45 years. Especially if the woman has already entered the menopause, and menstruation for a long time was absent. These changes may be due to cancer.

Abortion and childbirth, the presence of an IUD

If there were complications during the birth of a child or in the postpartum period, such as bleeding or inflammation, the former can be very profuse. After caesarean section such changes in the nature of the discharge are also the result of trauma to the uterus. At breastfeeding menstruation long time absent. But on initial stage Period recovery may take longer than usual.

A change in the duration and intensity of menstruation is observed after intrauterine manipulations:

abortion:
scraping;

Also, do not forget about the possibility of spontaneous abortion. Sometimes a woman is unaware of her pregnancy. This situation is often observed in irregular cycle. Then a delay of several days is perceived as the norm. But the fetus is not attached to the uterine cavity, after a short delay, more pronounced than usual bleeding begins.

The presence of an intrauterine device increases the likelihood of changes in the abundance of blood loss. Only in the case of using an intrauterine system with gestagens "" for endometriosis and myoma, the volume of blood lost will decrease, and the number of critical days will be reduced.

Medications

Application medicines, which thin the blood, can make menstrual bleeding longer. This applies to Aspirin, a group of antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants that are used in the treatment of thrombosis and blood clotting pathologies.

Medical abortion is carried out with the help of drugs that lead to the death of the fetal egg and its natural rejection. Sometimes, with incomplete menstruation, there are abundant. This condition must be monitored by ultrasound, with the development of complications, medical attention will be required.

Abundant periods after a course of Duphaston are a consequence of the effect of the drug on the endometrium. Under the influence of the hormone, the growth of blood vessels in it increases. A looser mucous membrane during menstruation is actively rejected.

Hormonal changes

In the period of formation monthly cycle in adolescents, bleeding of different nature may alternate. The same can be said about women who are on the verge of menopause.

Diseases and hypovitaminosis

Pathologies endocrine organs, blood coagulation systems, including congenital ones, can affect the amount of blood loss during menstruation. The lack of vitamins C, K, P, as well as calcium, disrupts the process of blood clotting, which threatens to worsen the condition during menstruation.

There are also data on the influence of the nature of nutrition. A diet with a predominance of lactic acid products - kefir, cottage cheese, yogurt - leads to an increase in the synthesis of substances in the liver that thin the blood. The result is a deterioration in its coagulability.

Principles of therapy

The gynecologist chooses treatment tactics only after establishing the cause of the pathological condition. Decide what to drink on your own heavy menstruation unacceptable. Self-medication will lead to the progression of the pathology and its transition to a severe form.

Medications

Hemostatic drugs are different groups. The choice of a particular remedy may depend on the cause of heavy menstruation.

Askorutin

Is vitamin preparation, the action of which is aimed at strengthening the walls of blood vessels. But the effect develops gradually, not earlier than after 3 weeks of regular intake. Therefore, it is used with preventive purpose and also after intrauterine manipulations. The analogue is the drug Rutascorbin.

Vikasol

A vitamin preparation, a source of vitamin K. This is a component of prothrombin, a protein that ensures blood clotting. For appointment medication you need to bring the diagnosis and prove that the cause of bleeding is precisely the deficiency of the vitamin.

Hemostatic tablets Dicinon (Etamzilat)

Accelerates blood clotting, but does not affect thrombosis and does not constrict blood vessels. It is allowed to use it for metrorrhagia, heavy bleeding in women with. But the drug is prohibited for use in pregnant and lactating women. Despite the fact that Etamzilat does not increase the likelihood of blood clots, it is not used for thrombosis. The drug increases clotting due to the platelet link, therefore, in patients with thrombocytopenia, the effect of therapy will not appear. In mild cases, Dicinon can be used in the form of tablets; with severe blood loss, treatment begins with intravenous injections, then switch to intramuscular and oral tablets.

Tranexam

In the form of tablets, it is used in cases of bleeding associated with the activation of fibrinolysis - the dissolution of a clot that formed at the site of a bleeding vessel.

Additional actions of the drug are: analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and anti-infectious.

Tranexamic acid is used for heavy menstruation and uterine bleeding. But it can cause thrombosis. Therefore, with pathologies of the coagulation system, the presence of thrombosis in the past, its use is not recommended.

For symptomatic therapy use iron preparations, folic acid, vitamin C. They are necessary to restore blood, treat anemia. Iron and ascorbic acid are antagonists - in the presence of vitamin C, the absorption of ferrum is more active. Folic acid affects the division of new erythrocyte cells, the formation of complete hemoglobin.

Phytotherapy

With heavy and prolonged periods, the use of herbs can help reduce blood loss, improve blood clotting, and compensate for the deficiency of certain substances. But they are not a panacea, the effect of herbal remedies is mild, and it is impossible to calculate the exact dosage: the amount active substances varies greatly depending on the period of collection, drying conditions and storage of substances. Herbal preparations may slightly reduce the severity of symptoms, but will not cure endometriosis, fibroids and endometrial hyperplasia, will not dissect intrauterine adhesions.

To reduce blood loss ethnoscience suggests using nettle. A decoction, an infusion is prepared from it, which they begin to take a few days before the onset of menstruation.

Corn stigmas have a hemostatic effect. A decoction is prepared from them, which is taken several times during the day.

Water pepper extract is sold in a pharmacy in the form alcohol solution. It is able to reduce the duration and severity of bleeding. Take it as prescribed by a doctor with a slight increase in blood loss, as well as after an abortion,. The duration of admission is determined individually.

Yarrow has a similar effect as nettle. For use in medical purposes it is better to buy ready-made pharmaceutical raw materials, which are collected in compliance with all sanitary requirements, and the concentration useful substances maximum. Yarrow is used in the form of decoctions and water infusions.

As an astringent and hemostatic agent, an extract of viburnum, a decoction of shepherd's bag and peppermint.

Some healers suggest using self-prepared herbal remedies for douching. Such treatment can be very harmful. reverse current along with menstrual blood you can bring an infection that will lead to the development of inflammation.

Lifestyle

To prevent and eliminate heavy bleeding, you need to change your lifestyle. For a while, you should completely abandon alcoholic beverages, coffee and strong tea. Those who are actively involved in sports, on critical days, need to abandon training or reduce their intensity. The same rule applies to lifting weights.

Increase the volume of blood loss hot baths, sauna, bath, any thermal treatments. This also includes active insolation, many warming physiotherapy.

other methods

If the bleeding has become pathological, emergency medical attention is needed. Reducing drugs in this case are not prescribed. The only way to stop the bleeding is scraping - mechanical removal blood clots that prevent the uterus from contracting. IN severe cases may require transfusion of blood, plasma or its components in the development pathological signs blood loss.

IN adolescence curettage of the uterine cavity is not used. For girls, there is a way to stop bleeding with medications. Combined oral contraceptives have hemostatic properties. But they are not taken according to the usual scheme - 1 tablet per day, but according to a special system, several tablets per dose at short intervals.