Intrauterine device: pros and cons. Intrauterine device: types, installation and removal. How to choose the best

Nowadays it is not difficult to choose effective remedy contraception. A married couple has the right to choose a method on their own, taking into account all the pros and cons. It is very important to visit a doctor and consult on this issue. After all, the health of a woman who wants to become a mother in the future or already has children depends on this in the first place. One of the most popular methods is the intrauterine device. Consider further the pros and cons of the intrauterine device.

How does the IUD work?

The purpose of the IUD is to protect against unplanned pregnancy. The name says that it is introduced into the uterine cavity, and it was received because of the previous appearance of the product, since it looked like a spiral. Currently, the IUD is a T-shaped stick made of flexible, inert plastic. This material is completely safe for women's health.

There are two types of spirals:

1. The upper part of the spiral is in the form of a thin copper wire.
2. The spiral contains a container with hormones that enter the uterus throughout its entire lifespan.

It has both the first and second types of pluses and minuses. The photo above shows what this type of contraception currently looks like.

The principle of operation of the spiral:

Who can install a spiral:

• A woman who has given birth and is over 35 years old.
• Women who have children after an abortion without complications.
• Without cervical pathologies.
• If you protect yourself with oral contraceptives Not recommended.
• Women who have low level sexually transmitted infections.

Contraindications to the IUD

Before using this method of contraception, it is necessary to consider all the pros and cons of the intrauterine device.

And also make sure that there are no following contraindications:

• There was no birth yet.
• Constant change of sexual partner.
• Cancers of the pelvic organs.
• The presence of injuries and stitches on the cervix.
• Ectopic pregnancy.
• Blood diseases. Anemia.
• Infertility.
• Vaginal infections.
• Availability inflammatory processes in the reproductive system.

How to prepare for installing a spiral

First of all, you need to select a suitable spiral and undergo an examination, which includes:

Next, the doctor must probe the uterine cavity and determine the distance between the uterine angles. And only after a thorough examination and the absence of contraindications is an intrauterine device installed. The pros and cons of BMC should already be considered by you.

Features of the first days with a spiral

It is worth noting that only a doctor can install and remove an intrauterine device. The following side effects may appear within a few days after installation of the IUD:

• Lower abdominal pain.
• Bloody discharge.

You should also avoid elevated physical activity. Must be adhered to proper nutrition, rest more, lie down.

Manifestation side effects can be observed for six months and eventually disappear completely.

Must be taken regularly medical checkup after the IUD was installed. After installation, a month later, then after 3 months, then once every six months.

What are the advantages of the IUD?

If you have chosen a contraceptive method such as an intrauterine device, you need to know all the pros and cons.

Let's look at the positive aspects:

• It does not require special care. After installation, after a period of rehabilitation, it is practically not felt.
• Efficiency is 95-98%.
• Can be installed for several years.
• The menstrual cycle for many women becomes shorter, and the menstruation itself is almost painless.
• Has a positive healing effect for uterine fibroids and other gynecological pathologies.
• Can be used during breastfeeding.
• Does not affect reproductive function in organism.
• The effectiveness remains regardless of taking any medicines.
• Economical and convenient. You do not need to follow the schedule of admission and spend money on the regular purchase of contraceptives.

What are the disadvantages of the IUD?

There are also negative sides IUD use:

• High risk of ectopic pregnancy.
• There is no protection against venereal diseases.
• The risk of inflammatory diseases increases.
• Can not use nulliparous women.
• Painful periods for the first six months.
• Large blood loss is possible.

We looked at the pros and cons of a contraceptive such as an intrauterine device. The consequences of BMC will be discussed further.

What are the possible complications of using an IUD?

The qualifications and experience of the doctor are of great importance, since correct installation or the seizure is not an experienced specialist may cause removal of the uterus. Knowing the pros and cons of the intrauterine device, you need to know what complications are possible when using it.

Possible complications when using an IUD:

• Perforation of the uterine walls.
• Cervical rupture.
• Bleeding after installation.
• The IUD can grow into the uterus.
• The antennae can irritate the walls of the cervix.
• The spiral may move or fall out if incorrectly selected and installed.
• Pain in the lower abdomen.

You need to urgently visit a specialist if:

• Appeared severe pain lower abdomen.
• There is a suspicion of pregnancy.
• Bleeding continues for a long period of time.
• There are signs of infection: elevated temperature body, unusual vaginal discharge.
• Pain or bleeding occurs during sexual intercourse.
• The IUD strings have become longer or shorter.

We looked at what an intrauterine device is, the pros and cons of this method of contraception, as well as possible complications. Next, consider patient reviews.

To avoid getting pregnant, many young modern women install an intrauterine device for pregnancy, made of metal (copper and silver are most often used) or durable plastic, which is an excellent remedy contraception.

The working principle of this method is as follows:

• During the next appointment, the gynecologist attaches the IUD to the uterine cavity.
• Then the female body begins to perceive her as foreign body, and an immunological reaction occurs, as a result of which more acidic environment than it was before, and the level of leukocytes increases.
• The increased content of leukocytes in the blood does not allow sperm to survive inside such female body, and they die.
• And if somehow fertilization did occur, then the acidic environment, which from the moment of establishment medical device formed in the uterus, makes it unsuitable for implantation of a fertilized egg, and it ceases to exist.

Sometimes the IUD is rejected after it has been installed, but this happens quite rarely and depends more on the individual capabilities of the female body. And so this remedy contraception is long-term and designed to last for several years; after this period, the device is replaced with a new one.

All manipulations, be it the first installation or repeated replacement, are carried out exclusively medical worker using special tools, and only after they have been taken necessary tests, and the presence of any inflammatory process will be excluded.

Advantages of the IUD for pregnancy

The spiral, like any other methods of protection against possible conception, has a number of important advantages, including:

1. The contraceptive effect begins immediately after attaching the device to the uterine cavity.
2. Both very young girls and mature women can use this method. age restrictions not here (does not apply to minors).
3. Highly effective contraceptive properties.
4. If a woman suddenly wishes to become pregnant, the device can be removed at any time, and this will not affect further conception and pregnancy.
5. It is not necessary to notify your partner about the presence of an intrauterine device; it does not affect the quality of sexual intercourse.
6. There is no need to perform additional manipulations, such as when using condoms or taking birth control pills, the effect of the medical T-shaped device is maintained from installation to removal.
7. There is absolutely no impact on the quality of sexual intercourse for a woman; sensitivity does not disappear anywhere.
8. The effectiveness of other medications does not decrease, as often happens with oral contraceptives.
9. Low cost, especially considering that the anti-pregnancy device is installed not for a year or even two, but for at least three.

All these advantages have allowed the intrauterine device to become one of the most popular methods of preventing unwanted conception. And still the number of women who prefer to use this method, is only increasing.

Disadvantages of the IUD for pregnancy

As you noticed, the medical spiral has many advantages, but it also has disadvantages. And among them:

1. Possible bleeding if improperly attached to the uterine cavity.
2. Injury to the cervix during installation.
3. Reduced effectiveness of contraceptive properties due to the inexperience of the gynecologist or physiological structure internal organs women.
4. An incorrectly selected device can become a source of unpleasant aching pain, which will not go away until the foreign body is removed.
5. The IUD can further damage the endometrium, so increased menstrual flow is possible.
6. This contraceptive may fall out of the uterine cavity (this is especially common in the first year of use).
7. The possible development of a strong inflammatory effect, which will be an overly heightened reaction of the female body to a foreign body.
8. In some cases, it is possible to change the duration menstrual cycle or even a violation of it.
9. There is some risk that the fertilized egg may still survive outside the uterus, and then an ectopic pregnancy cannot be avoided.

Contraindications

In addition, the intrauterine device has a number of contraindications, which also need to be taken into account before using it. For example, it cannot be used:

• with inflammation of the reproductive system;
• in the presence of malignant tumors;
• if you are particularly sensitive to the components of the device;
• with infrequent sexual intercourse with one partner or, conversely, with promiscuous relationships with different partners.

In any case, first weigh all the pros and cons of this contraceptive method, decide whether you would like to have a child in the next six months. And only then contact your gynecologist with a request to install an intrauterine device.

Anna Mironova

Reading time: 9 minutes

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Is it worth or not to install a spiral? This question is asked by many women who choose a method of protection against unwanted pregnancy. Intrauterine device is a device (usually made of plastic with gold, copper or silver) that serves as a blocker of fertilization and (if fusion does occur) as a barrier to the penetration of the egg into the uterine cavity or its attachment to the walls of the uterus.

What types of intrauterine device are offered today? , what is better to choose, and what might the installation entail?

Types of intrauterine devices today

Of all the known contraceptives, the spiral is today one of the three most effective and popular. There are more than 50 types of spirals.

They are conventionally divided into 4 generations of this device:

• Made from inert materials

An option that is no longer relevant in our time. The main disadvantage is the risk of the device falling out of the uterus and an extremely low degree of protection.

• Coils containing copper

This component “fights” sperm that has entered the uterine cavity. Copper creates an acidic environment, and due to inflammation uterine walls the level of leukocytes increases. Installation period is 2-3 years.

• Spirals with silver

Installation period – up to 5 years. Very high level of protection.

• Spirals with hormones

The leg of the device is in the shape of a “T”, and it contains hormones. Action: a certain amount of hormones are released into the uterine cavity every day, as a result of which the process of release/maturation of the egg is suppressed. And due to the increase in the viscosity of mucus from the cervical canal, the movement of sperm slows down or stops. Installation period is 5-7 years.

The shapes of the intrauterine device (IUD) are an umbrella, a direct spiral, a loop or a ring, the letter T. The latter is the most popular.

The most popular types of IUDs today

• IUD Mirena

Features: T-shape with levonorgestrel hormone in the shaft. The drug is “thrown out” into the uterus at a dose of 24 mcg/day. The most expensive and effective spiral. Price – 7000-10000 rub. Installation period is 5 years. The IUD contributes to the treatment of endometriosis or uterine fibroids (plus), but also leads to the formation follicular cysts ovaries.

• IUD Multiload

Features: oval shape with spikes-protrusions to reduce the risk of falling out. Made from plastic with copper wire. Cost – 2000-3000 rubles. Prevents fertilization (sperm die due to inflammatory reaction, caused by copper) and implantation of the embryo (when it appears) in the uterus. Counts abortifaciently contraception (as, indeed, any other IUD). Use is permitted for women who have given birth. Side effects: increased duration and pain of menstruation, pain in the lower abdomen, etc. The contraceptive effect can be reduced when taking antidepressants.

• Navy Nova T Cu

Features: shape – “T”, material – plastic with copper (+ silver tip, barium sulfate, PE and iron oxide), installation period – up to 5 years, average price – about 2000 rubles. For easy removal of the spiral, the tip has a thread with 2 tails. The action of the IUD: neutralizes the ability of sperm to fertilize an egg. Disadvantages: does not exclude the possibility of an ectopic pregnancy; there are known cases of uterine perforation during installation of the IUD; it causes heavy and painful periods.

• Navy T-Copper Cu 380 A

Features: shape – “T”, installation period – up to 6 years, material – flexible polyethylene with copper, barium sulfate, non-hormonal device, German manufacturer. Action: suppression of sperm activity, prevention of fertilization. Recommended for women who have given birth. special instructions: possible heating of fragments of the spiral (and, accordingly, negative impact them onto surrounding tissues) during thermal procedures.

• Navy T de Oro 375 Gold

Features: contains 99/000 gold, Spanish manufacturer, price – about 10,000 rubles, installation period – up to 5 years. Action: protection against pregnancy, risk reduction uterine inflammation. The shape of the IUD is a horseshoe, T or U. The most common side effects are increased intensity and duration of menstruation.

The pros and cons of intrauterine devices

The advantages of the IUD include the following:

• A long period of validity - up to 5-6 years, during which you can (as the manufacturers say) not worry about other methods of contraception and accidental pregnancy.
• The therapeutic effect of some types of IUDs (bactericidal effect of silver ions, hormonal components).
• Savings on contraceptives. Buying an IUD is cheaper for 5 years than constantly spending money on other means of contraception.
• No side effects that occur after taking it hormonal pills– obesity, depression, frequent headaches, etc.
• The ability to continue breastfeeding. The spiral will not affect the composition of the milk, unlike tablets.
• Restoring the ability to conceive from 1 month after removal of the IUD.

Arguments against the use of the IUD - disadvantages of the IUD

• No one gives a 100% guarantee of protection against pregnancy (maximum 98%). As for ectopic pregnancy, the IUD increases its risk by 4 times.
• No IUD guarantees the absence of side effects. IN best case scenario– pain and increase in the duration of menstruation, abdominal pain, discharge (bloody) in the middle of the cycle, etc. In the worst case – rejection of the device or serious health consequences.
• Risk of spontaneous removal of the IUD from the uterus. Typically after lifting weights. This is usually accompanied by cramping pains in the abdomen and fever (if infection occurs).
• The IUD is prohibited if at least one item from the list of contraindications is present.
• When using an IUD, regular monitoring of its availability is required. More precisely, its threads, the absence of which indicates a shift in the spiral, its loss or rejection.
• One of the most significant disadvantages is the risk of prematurity in the future due to depletion of the endometrium in the uterus.
• Experts advise terminating a pregnancy that occurs while using an IUD. Preservation of the fetus depends on the location of the IUD itself in the uterus. It is worth noting that when pregnancy occurs, the IUD is removed in any case, and the risk of miscarriage sharply increases.
• The IUD does not protect against venereal diseases and penetration of infections into the body various kinds. Moreover, it promotes their development, because the body of the uterus remains slightly open when using the IUD.
• When inserting an IUD, there is a risk (0.1% of cases) that the doctor will puncture the uterus.
• The mechanism of action of the spiral is abortifacient. That is, it is equivalent to an abortion.

• Any pathology of the pelvic organs.
• Diseases of the pelvic and reproductive organs.
• Tumors of the cervix or the uterus itself, fibroids, polyps.
• Pregnancy and suspicion of it.
• Cervical erosion.
• Infection of the internal/external genitalia at any stage.
• Defects/underdevelopment of the uterus.
• Tumors of the genital organs (already confirmed or if their presence is suspected).
• Uterine bleeding of unknown origin.
• Allergy to copper (for IUDs containing copper).
• Adolescence.

Relative contraindications:

• Ectopic pregnancy or suspicion of it.
• Diseases of the cardiovascular system.
• Poor blood clotting.
• Endometriosis (whether past or present).
• No history of pregnancy. That is, for nulliparous women, the IUD is not prohibited, but is categorically not recommended.
• Menstrual irregularities.
• Little uterus.
• Venereal diseases.
• Scars on the uterus.
• The risk of catching a sexually transmitted disease. That is, several partners, a partner with diseases, promiscuity, etc.
• Long-term treatment with anticoagulants or anti-inflammatory drugs, which continues at the time of installation of the spiral.
• It is not uncommon for a spiral to grow into the uterus. Sometimes women simply forget about it, and as a result they have to cut out the spiral along with the uterus.

Doctors' opinions about the IUD - what experts say

After installation of the IUD

• Not a 100% contraceptive method whose benefits outweigh the side effects and risks serious consequences. Definitely not recommended for young nulliparous girls. The risk of infection and ectopic infection increases significantly. Among the advantages of the spiral: you can safely engage in sports and sex, obesity is not a threat, the “antennae” does not even bother your partner, and in some cases there is even a therapeutic effect. True, sometimes it is crossed out by consequences.
• There have been many studies and observations regarding the IUD. Still positive points noted more. Of course, no one is immune from the consequences, everyone is individual, but to a greater extent spirals today are quite by safe means. Another question is that they do not protect against infections and diseases, and if there is a risk of developing cancer, their use is strictly prohibited. It is also worth mentioning the use of drugs in combination with the use of hormonal IUDs. For example, regular aspirin significantly reduces (by 2 times!) the main effect of the IUD (contraception). Therefore, when treating and taking medications, it makes sense to use additional contraceptives (condoms, for example).
• Whatever you say, regardless of the elasticity of the IUD, it is a foreign body. And accordingly for the introduction foreign body the body will always react according to its characteristics. One has increased pain during menstruation, the second has abdominal pain, the third has problems with bowel movements, etc. If the side effects are severe, or they do not go away after 3-4 months, then it is better to abandon the IUD.
• The use of an IUD is definitely contraindicated for nulliparous women. Especially in the age of chlamydia. The spiral can easily provoke an inflammatory process, regardless of the presence of silver and gold ions. The decision to use an IUD must be made strictly individually! Together with a doctor and taking into account ALL nuances of health. The spiral is a remedy for a woman who has given birth and who has only one stable and healthy partner, good health on the female side and the absence of such features of the body as allergies to metals and foreign bodies.
• In fact, making a decision about an IUD - to have it or not to have it - must be done carefully. It’s clear that this is convenient - once you install it, you don’t have to worry about anything for several years. But there are 1 – consequences, 2 – wide list contraindications, 3 – a lot of side effects, 4 – problems with bearing a fetus after using the IUD, etc. And one more point: if the work involves lifting heavy objects, you should absolutely not mess with the IUD. It would be good if the IUD turns out to be the ideal solution (in any case, it is better than an abortion!), but you should still weigh everything carefully possible problems and pros.

Possible consequences of intrauterine devices

According to statistics, most refusals from the IUD in our country are for religious reasons. After all, the IUD is actually an abortifacient method, because most often the fertilized egg is expelled at the approaches to the uterine wall. Others refuse the IUD because of fear (“an unpleasant and slightly painful installation procedure”), because of side effects and because of possible consequences.

Is it really worth worrying about the consequences? What can the use of an IUD lead to?

First of all, it is worth noting that complications of various types when using the IUD are associated with an illiterate approach to decision-making, both by the doctor and the woman: due to underestimation of risks, due to negligence when using the IUD (non-compliance with recommendations), due to low qualification of the doctor who installs the spiral, etc.

So, the most common complications and consequences when using an IUD:

• Infection/inflammation of the pelvic organs (PID) – up to 65% of cases.
• Rejection of the IUD by the uterus (expulsion) – up to 16% of cases.
• Spiral ingrowth.
• Very heavy bleeding.
• Severe pain syndrome.
• Miscarriage (if pregnancy occurs and the IUD is removed).
• Ectopic pregnancy.
• Depletion of the endometrium and, as a result, a decrease in the ability to bear a fetus.

Possible complications from using copper-containing IUDs:

• Long and heavy menstruation– more than 8 days and 2 times stronger. In most cases, they can be normal, but they can also be a consequence of an ectopic pregnancy that has been interrupted. normal pregnancy or perforation of the uterus, so don’t be lazy and go to the doctor again.
• Cramping pain in the lower abdomen. Similarly (see point above) - it’s better to play it safe and get checked by a doctor.

Possible complications from using an IUD containing hormones:

• Most common complication– amenorrhea. That is, the absence of menstruation. If the culprit of amenorrhea is not an ectopic pregnancy, but an IUD, then the reason is reversible atrophy of the uterine epithelium.
• A disrupted menstrual cycle, the appearance of spotting in the middle of the cycle, etc. If such symptoms are observed for more than 3 months, a gynecological pathology should be excluded.
• Symptoms of the action of gestagens. That is, acne, migraines, soreness of the mammary glands, "radiculitis" pain, vomiting, decreased libido, depression, etc. If symptoms persist for 3 months, progestogen intolerance can be suspected.

Possible consequences of violating the IUD installation technique.

• Perforation of the uterus. Most often observed in nulliparous girls. In the very difficult case the uterus has to be removed.
• Cervical rupture.
• Bleeding.
• Vasovagal reaction

Possible complications after removal of the IUD.

• Inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs.
• Purulent process in the appendages.
• Ectopic pregnancies.
• Chronic pelvic pain syndrome.
• Infertility.

IN gynecological practice for the treatment of certain diseases, as well as a means of contraception, an intrauterine device is often used. In this article we'll talk about the advantages and disadvantages of such a method and about which drug is the best and most effective.

An intrauterine device, or IUD for short, is a small device that provides high level effectiveness in preventing unwanted pregnancy. Such a contraceptive is prescribed by a gynecologist to protect many women from unplanned conception. In addition, some of the species are therapeutic and are used in the treatment of many gynecological diseases.

Modern spirals are represented by the following types:

1. For the material of manufacture:

• Copper spiral. It is a popular type of spirals. The principle of operation is to ensure increased amount leukocytes and local inflammatory reaction of the uterine cavity, which has a spermicidal effect. It is established for a period of no more than three years.
• Silver. Thanks to its composition, it not only prevents fertilization, but also has an antibacterial effect. Can be installed for up to five years.
• With the addition of gold or platinum. Such spirals belong to the group of new generation contraceptives.

1. Behind the lineup:

• Hormonal. This tool has a T-shape. Contains hormones that penetrate the organ cavity and interfere with the maturation of the egg. Another property is to increase mucous viscosity, resulting in decreased sperm movement.
• No hormones. They are usually used if other types of contraception are intolerant or if there are restrictions on their use.

1. According to the form, the intrauterine device is:

• T-shaped;
• round;
• ring-shaped;
• semi-oval.

The indication for using a contraceptive device is the desire to prevent unwanted pregnancy.

A qualified doctor will help you determine which of these models is better in terms of shape and composition in each individual case.

Which intrauterine device is better?

Many women are interested in the question: which IUD to choose for pregnancy protection? There are several types of such devices for protection against unplanned conception, depending on the composition and form. Each of these intrauterine devices has its own mechanism of action.

It is impossible to reliably say which of these IUDs is the best. Only an experienced gynecologist can choose the best IUD option for each woman, taking into account individual characteristics organism. Therefore, when choosing such a product, the patient needs to consult a doctor, as well as conduct a study before installing the spiral.

Let's look at the pros and cons of using an IUD. The main advantages of this tool include:

• action long time(from three to ten years);
• efficiency more than 99 percent;
• no need to monitor the product every day;
• maximum reliability;
• efficiency;
• anti-inflammatory property of the silver IUD;
• accessibility of the method;
• simplicity and speed of installation;
• a small percentage of side effects.

Another advantage is the possibility quick recovery after removal of the IUD to pregnancy and delivery. A woman can become pregnant after removing the IUD for a year.

In addition, when using some spirals, a woman’s health improves, since they have medicinal properties. Among the advantages is the opportunity to lead familiar image life (sports and smoking are allowed).

Flaws

Among the disadvantages of the spiral are:

• the likelihood of developing depression;
• pain and cramps during menstruation and profuse discharge in the first stages of use;
• exhaustion;
• do not provide protection against sexually transmitted diseases and HIV infection;
• possibility of spontaneous loss;
• regular monitoring of the presence of spiral threads in the vagina;
• the occurrence of spotting between menstruation;
• increased risk of inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs.

The disadvantages of spirals, depending on their varieties, are:

• spirals containing hormones or precious metals, have a high cost;
• hormonal IUD as a result of ovarian dysfunction can cause side effects such as headache, depressed state, the appearance of acne on the skin, increased sweating, weight gain, decreased libido;
• Copper IUDs increase the duration and;
• IUDs with hormones increase the risk of developing cancer.

Other disadvantages of using this type of contraception are the development of undesirable consequences. These include increased risk ectopic pregnancies and miscarriages. It is better to ask your gynecologist about the dangers of this or that type of IUD.

There are also some restrictions on the use of intrauterine devices. These include:

• period of bearing a child;
• malignant neoplasm in the cavity or cervix;
• breast cancer;
• myoma or fibromyoma;
• inflammation of the reproductive system;
• deformation of the organ cavity;
• venereal diseases;
• bloody discharge of unknown origin;
• HIV infection;
• penchant for allergic reactions for copper.

IUDs are not used for hepatitis, cirrhosis, thrombosis, coronary disease heart and migraines.

Such a contraceptive contraceptive device most often it is a device consisting of copper and plastic. Some contraceptives are made from silver.

The anti-pregnancy spiral, depending on its composition, acts as follows:

• helps slow down the motor function of sperm in;
• reduces the vital activity of the egg;
• cheats hormonal background women;
• reduces the endometrium in the uterus;
• ensures the production of thick mucus in the uterus;
• prevents the fertilized cell from attaching to the wall of the organ.

After unprotected sexual intercourse, an IUD prevents the fertilized egg from implanting in the uterine cavity, so the embryo cannot develop further.

The contraceptive IUD can be placed on women in the absence of gynecological diseases, if their periods are moderate, regular and painless.

Contraceptive device after childbirth

After childbirth or abortion, specialists do not recommend using an intrauterine device for contraception. However, there are some types of new generation IUDs that can be inserted immediately after delivery. Half an hour after birth, it is possible to install a Multiload spiral. It can also be used six weeks after the baby is born.

Does it hurt to put an intrauterine device

The spiral is installed only qualified specialist in a hospital setting.

Many patients ask the question: when is the IUD put in, on what day of the cycle? Experts say that installation can be performed 6-7 days after menstruation. In this phase cervical canal slightly ajar, which facilitates the installation of the spiral.

The cervix is ​​opened with a speculum and washed antiseptic. The direction of the channel and its depth are then assessed. The IUD is inserted into the organ cavity using a special guide. After this, the conductor is removed, and the spiral threads are slightly trimmed.

Installation of the spiral takes approximately 5-10 minutes.

The patient may experience minor pain during this procedure. Generally, discomfort and unpleasant sensations may occur.

How to remove an intrauterine device

The IUD can be removed as soon as the woman wishes. This procedure performed in medical institution an experienced specialist.

Indications for removal are:

• expiration of the period of use of the product;
• if there are side effects.

Before removing the IUD, you need to visit a gynecologist and undergo some tests.

Spiral Multiload

This intrauterine therapeutic system (IUD) is one of the reliable and popular devices. It is often recommended to women by experts.

Compound

Is non-hormonal agent. Consists of polyethylene and copper. The threads are made of nylon.

Release form

It comes in the form of an intrauterine device that looks like the letter “T” and has flexible shoulders for better placement in the uterine cavity.

How it works

This barrier spiral primarily acts on male sperm, blocking the egg's ability to conceive.

Due to the presence of copper, it causes inflammatory changes at the local level, which leads to spermicidal effects. As a result, the risk of becoming pregnant is reduced by 99%.

Contraindications and side effects

Contraindications to the use of the Multiload spiral are:

• increased sensitivity to copper alloys;
• oncological formations;
• uterine bleeding;
• suspicion of pregnancy;
• infectious and inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system;
• cervical dysplasia;
• endometriosis;
• infected abortion.

Install the IUD with caution when breastfeeding.

When using the IUD, menstruation sometimes intensifies, and spotting is possible between cycles. In some cases, dysmenorrhea and bradycardia may develop.

In the first months of using the product, the following reactions may be observed:

• pain in the lower abdomen;
• hives;
• lower back pain;
• development of genitourinary infections.

If such symptoms are observed, then it is necessary to inform the specialist about this, since the spiral may not be suitable for the woman.

This remedy can be used for girls who have not given birth. However, in some cases, undesirable consequences may occur after removing the spiral. After using an IUD, the risk of miscarriage may increase. Therefore, it is advisable for girls to use other methods to prevent unplanned pregnancy.

How effective is this coil? Manufacturers claim more than 99 percent. However, it is important to remember that there is always a small risk of serious consequences.

Mirena spiral: instructions for use

Most good spiral hormonal ones are Mirena. This remedy takes a long time, has many advantages, but can cause hormonal imbalance.

Composition and form

Mirena is produced in the form of a T-shaped intrauterine device. It contains levonorgestrel.

Action

A small dose of the hormone is released daily from the IUD into the uterine cavity without being absorbed into the blood. As a result, conception does not occur during ovulation.

Thanks to its medicinal properties, the product helps with fibroids and endometriosis.

Contraindications and side effects

Mirena is contraindicated if the patient has:

• pregnancy;
• cancer diseases;
• inflammatory processes in the genitourinary organs;
• anomalies in the structure of the uterus;
• submucous myoma.

TO side effects include headache, acne on the face, sweating, menstrual irregularities, and depression.

Experts have proven the effectiveness of such a contraceptive as the intrauterine device. It has a lot of advantages compared to other methods of preventing unplanned conception.

On pharmaceutical market There is a wide variety of IUDs, which differ in their composition and action. However, only a qualified gynecologist can choose which remedy is the best and most suitable for a woman.