What are the symptoms in women with a hernia of the lumbar spine? Signs of a vertebral hernia of the lumbar spine in women Symptoms of a vertebral hernia in women

The appearance of the first signs of a dangerous disease can not always be noticed immediately. The pain will increase, without treatment, the intervertebral disc will continue to deform, so a hernia of the lumbar spine - the symptoms of the disease - requires a careful approach to study. Until recently, a healthy able-bodied person was suddenly limited in movement, forced to endure pain and discomfort. What other symptoms of a lumbar hernia may indicate the development of the disease?

What is a hernia of the lumbar spine

Pain can occur in a strictly defined place - the lower spine, which is considered a feature of the disease. Pain in the intervertebral hernia of the lumbar spine are not the only symptoms, they are often accompanied by stiffness. When it breaks under the influence of an uneven load, a hernia of the lumbar spine appears: a part of the nucleus pulposus protrudes (jelly-like substance). The resulting deformation presses on the nerve root, which causes acute pain, and lifting the body is given with great difficulty.

How to determine the intervertebral hernia of the lumbar

A neurologist will help to understand the nature of the pathology. The patient's complaints about back pain after physical exertion, being in an uncomfortable position is the first factor that is taken into account when diagnosing an intervertebral hernia. Pain manifests itself varying degrees intensity, while it is accompanied by symptoms similar to osteochondrosis, such as muscle weakness, numbness, "goosebumps". The progression of the pathological process leads to compression of the spinal canal, and then the violation can cause a serious complication - paralysis of the legs.

To make a diagnosis, the doctor must conduct an external examination. Since the protrusion of the nucleus pulposus can be located in a certain area of ​​​​the spine (between 4-5 lumbar or 5 lumbar and 1 sacral vertebrae), the curvature of the spine will be noticeable. If you take a photo, you will see a stoop, a change in posture, a person begins to stoop. Loss of sensitivity, the appearance of a number of local signs of intervertebral hernia - all this helps to establish a preliminary diagnosis, and then additional diagnostic measures.

Symptoms

The main symptom of a hernia of the lumbar spine is pain. At the same time, the direction of protrusion of the nucleus pulposus, which can be lateral or posterior, affects the localization and intensity of pain sensations. The size of the hernia itself also contributes to the appearance of accompanying symptoms, including the following:

• stiffness of the lumbar;
• lumbago (lower back, buttocks, legs, feet);
• restriction of motor functions (difficulty in turning the body, tilting, raising the hip);
• numbness, tingling in the legs;
• burning sensations on the skin;
• dizziness, headaches;
• disruption of the intestines, bladder;
• amyotrophy lower extremities.

pain

Any stage of a dangerous disease - from the initial to the advanced stage - will be accompanied by the presence of the main symptom. Pain will only change the nature, place of occurrence, intensity, manifesting itself or in combination with other signs of an intervertebral hernia. At first, it is a dull, slight pain in the lumbar region, which is a projection of a damaged disc. The initial stage responds well to treatment, but if the disease progresses, then there is a sharp, shooting, aching pain when moving or even when sneezing, coughing.

Symptoms in women

The pathological process can form and develop not only due to weight lifting. A sedentary lifestyle is another factor that provokes the onset of the disease, while the main signs of a hernia of the lumbar spine in women are no different from the symptoms in men. The only difference is that the pathology affects the condition reproductive function and exacerbation gynecological diseases.

Symptoms in men

According to statistics, the representatives of the stronger sex are more likely to face a dangerous disease. Symptoms of an intervertebral hernia of the lumbar spine in men are clearly pronounced, in the absence of treatment, dysfunction of the hip joints joins pain, stiffness, restrictions, weakening of the muscular corset leads to a change in the patient's posture, inflamed nerves may cause frequent urge to urinate. A decrease in potency in men also serves as an additional sign of an intervertebral hernia of the lumbar spine.

Signs of an intervertebral hernia

Pathological changes will not begin to disturb immediately, an acute pain syndrome will appear after a while. Although at the initial stage, when the volume of the protrusion of the jelly-like nucleus is still small, and the risk of complications is minimal, a lumbar hernia is a source of discomfort. Evidence of the presence of pathology are signs such as numbness, weakness of the muscles of the legs, a feeling of tingling. Cases when patients have an alternation of internal and external signs of a dangerous disease are not uncommon.

First signs

If for late stage If an intervertebral hernia of the lumbar spine is characterized by the appearance of a radicular syndrome, then at the initial stage, the clinical signs of the disease may be absent or mildly pronounced. The pathology of the pulpous cartilaginous ring is preceded by a long process provoked by insufficient nutrition of the disc, which loses its cushioning properties. The first unpleasant "call" indicating a hernia is sharp pain, limiting freedom of movement, when you can’t get up from a supine position or get up from a chair on your own.

Diagnostics

In order to choose the right method of treatment, choose a rehabilitation program, help restore the health and mobility of the patient with the help of a special set of exercises, the doctor needs to make a correct diagnosis that is beyond doubt. Symptoms of a hernia of the lumbar spine are similar to some other diseases, such as pelvic organs or Bechterew's disease, so the results of the following diagnostic methods may be required before starting therapy:

• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging);
• ECG (electrocardiogram);
• Ultrasound (ultrasound examination);
• laboratory tests of blood, urine.

Treatment

The course of therapy is prescribed by a neuropathologist on an individual basis! When choosing the right direction, gender, age, diagnostic indicators, external examination will be taken into account. At the disposal of the attending physician may be the main methods of treatment (conservative, surgical) and a number of additional procedures (massage, resonant wave therapy, acupuncture, hirudotherapy). The duration of treatment for non-advanced stages of the disease is from three to six weeks.

Surgical treatment (surgical intervention) is rarely used, provided that the lumbar hernia could not be cured with medication. The surgeon's manipulations are carried out under the influence of general anesthesia in order to remove the protrusion, reduce the risk of complications on the muscles, the bone of the inflamed area are applied modern techniques(laminectomy, microdiscectomy). After removing the inflammation for a week, it is necessary to follow the instructions of specialists, and then follow the preventive measures.

Conservative (drug) treatment is considered the main one, while the use of one or another type of drug depends on the stage, signs and accompanying symptoms. For the treatment of a hernia of the lumbar are used:

• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, Baralgin);
• novocaine blockade with the addition of corticosteroids (done topically to quickly relieve pain);
• chondroprotectors for the restoration of cartilage tissue (Chondroxide, Alflutop, Structum);
• muscle relaxants general action(Mydocalm, Sirdalud);
• vitamin complexes with a high content of group B to restore nerve tissue (Neurovitan, Milgamma, Neurobeks).

Additional methods (physical and manual therapy, acupuncture, exercise therapy, hirudotherapy) are used in the subacute or recovery period, this helps to restore body mobility. A prerequisite in order not to damage problematic disks by your actions: alternative methods treatment is necessary under the supervision of a specialist.

Video

Attention! The information presented in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials of the article do not call for self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and give recommendations for treatment based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

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Hernia of the spine - enough dangerous disease. Ignoring it can lead to complete paralysis. With timely diagnosis, the pathology lends itself well to conservative treatment. Patients should review their physical activity and diet. After treatment, it is necessary to observe preventive measures to prevent relapse.

A hernia of the spine often forms in the lumbar or cervical region, less often in the thoracic region. Timely diagnosis and specialist assistance increase the effectiveness of treatment. IN severe cases doctors prescribe surgery. Often degenerative changes are irreversible. However, proper treatment can remove pain and other symptoms that cause discomfort, stop the displacement and destruction of the disc.

What is a spinal hernia

Pathology is associated with displacement of the intervertebral discs. It causes numbness, pain and weakness. The anatomical task of the discs is to absorb the load on the spinal column during movement. Any deformation in it causes discomfort in a person.

The intervertebral disc consists of an annulus fibrosus, the outer side of which consists of collagen fibers, and the inner side of the nucleus pulposus. The ring limits the nucleus, but if this function is violated, it is displaced and an intervertebral hernia is formed. Pathology develops gradually. Prolonged disc degeneration occurs, associated with loss of fluid and increased fragility. A hernia is formed in several stages:

Protrusion- a protrusion appears, the internal fibers of the ring are damaged, but the rupture has not yet occurred. The gelatinous body is kept within certain limits, which makes it possible to cure the disease by conservative methods.

entrusion- the outer fibers of the annulus are damaged, which allows the nucleus pulposus to go beyond the boundaries of the disc.

Disease catalysts include:

• physical damage, microtrauma;
• infections;
• improper metabolism;
• obesity;
• engaging in heavy physical labor;
• pregnancy;
• congenital malformations of the spine;
• low physical activity;
• lordosis, scoliosis, osteochondrosis.

Note!

Statistics show that in men, pathology is diagnosed much more often than in women.

Doctors use the classification of hernias of the spine according to its localization:

• cervical - 4% of all cases of the disease;
• chest - 31%;
• lumbar - 65%.

Symptoms of pathology

Spinal herniation occurs when there is pressure inside the disc. neurological disease manifests itself when the fibrous ring is stretched due to breaking load, which causes compression of the nerve branches and blood vessels. Up to this point, the symptoms are often attributed to another disease. On later dates pain syndrome is present constantly and does not depend on physical activity.

Primary signs of a hernia of the spine:

• Sharp pain in the area of ​​the spine, which disappears at rest.
• Unnatural swelling and muscle tension.
• Kyphosis or scoliosis of the spine.
• Burning, tingling, "goosebumps" - paresthesia, turning into paresis.

Many patients have a hormonal imbalance - impotence or cessation of menstruation.

Patients complain of sharp and severe pain. It is associated with compression of the nerve root by a prolapsed disc, which is responsible for the work of some organ. Pathology causes malfunctions in the body. Symptoms depend on the location of the pathology:

cervical

Decreased performance, sleep disturbance, neurasthenia, headaches, fatigue, vision problems, hypertension, epilepsy, inflammation of the tonsils, nausea, numbness of the fingers, pain in the extremities, tinnitus, loss of taste, increased intracranial and blood pressure.

Thoracic

Dysfunction thyroid gland, discomfort in the shoulders and shoulder blades, pain and burning in the chest, the sensitivity of the skin decreases with damage to the nerve endings.

Lumbar

Diarrhea, hemorrhoids, cystitis, inflammation of the pelvic organs, numbness of the lower extremities, muscle atrophy, stone disease in bladder, unnatural sweating or dry feet.

People with unfavorable heredity, whose family members have degenerative diseases of the spine, should pay more attention to prevention.

If symptomatic neurology of a spinal hernia appears, you need to contact a surgeon or neurologist who will diagnose and determine the treatment.

Diagnosis of the disease

Before starting treatment, it is required to determine the investigative causes of the appearance of pathology using laboratory diagnostics. Only a specialist can determine the presence of swelling with the help of x-rays and MRI.

During a visual examination of the patient, the curvature of the posture will be noticeable, the sensitivity of some areas is lost.

The doctor must feel the spine to determine the degree of pain and localization of the pathology, to identify unnatural tension muscle tone. During flexion and extension determine the limitation of mobility, range of motion.

MRI allows you to determine:

• size
• localization.

With a hernia, a protrusion appears in the interdiscal space of the nucleus:

• protrusion - up to 3 mm;
• prolapse - 3-5 mm;
• developed hernia - 6 mm.

With a hardware study, the directions of protrusion can be distinguished.

Additional studies are prescribed depending on individual characteristics.

Treatment

It is possible to prescribe the right therapy only after complete examination taking into account the stage of the disease and the type of pathology. For example, in the absence of complications, action to stop large disc damage is sufficient.

There are three stages of treatment:

• pain relief with medications and complete rest;
• massage and complex therapy;
• rehabilitation, recovery.

Treatment begins with over-the-counter drugs, in the absence of a result, they switch to strong analgesics (codeine). At the initial stage, it is recommended to ensure peace and observe bed rest, take painkillers, engage in exercise therapy, undergo physiotherapy. If after 3 months the condition worsens (neurological deficit syndrome, potency decreases, limbs go numb, pain increases), then surgical intervention is prescribed - an extreme measure of treatment due to the increased risk of complications.

Video

Professor I.M. Danilov will talk in detail about the correct treatment of spinal hernia.

Non-surgical methods

After a complete examination, it is permissible to treat the initial stage of a hernia at home with the help of medicines (painkillers, blockers), therapeutic exercises, and physiotherapy.

The following methods show good efficiency:

Manual therapy - a specialist performs special manipulations to eliminate the pathology. Course duration - 2-10 sessions.

Hirudotherapy

Treatment with leeches. The saliva of the worms contains an enzyme that provokes the resorption of the fallen fragment and improves blood circulation.

Cryotherapy

Liquid nitrogen is applied to the problem area to increase blood circulation.

Osteopathy

With light movements and pressure, the doctor eliminates pathological changes.

Acupuncture

Impact on active points to stimulate nerve endings. The effect is similar to massage, when the massage therapist tactilely affects these points.

Physiotherapy allows you to relieve pain without taking medication, as well as speed up the recovery process. Patients are recommended:

• manual therapy;
• massage;
• exercise therapy;
• UHF;
• electrophoresis;
• phonophoresis;
• reflexology.

Each method has its indications and limitations. The exact complex will be selected correctly only by the attending physician.

Medical treatment

First of all conservative therapy necessary to eliminate pain neurological reflexes. Patients are prescribed anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal drugs:

• diclofenac;
• indomethacin;
• ibuprofen.

Note!

In the presence of chronic pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, the choice of anti-inflammatory therapy is approached more carefully.

At the first signs of improvement, they switch to a complex therapeutic and prophylactic effect. Subsequently, the patient must undergo a preventive examination every month by a neurologist or therapist.

Muscle relaxants such as Mydocalm and Sirdalud are prescribed to relieve spasm. Be aware of the side effects:

• distraction, decreased performance;
• nausea;
• lowering blood pressure;
• loss of sensation;
• urinary and intestinal disorders;
• psychological problems.

To protect the gastric mucosa, drugs are used that cover the stomach with a protective film:

Almagel.

• diamond;
• almagel;
• gastal;
• phosphalugel.

In the treatment of hernia, chondroprotectors are used to restore cartilage tissue:

• structum;
• teraflex;
• alflutop.

The course of treatment with chondroprotectors should be more than 3 months.

To improve blood circulation in the problem area, prescribe:

• trental
• pentoxifylline.

Patients must take vitamins of groups B, D, A, E to restore damaged tissues, reduce pain.

Use transdermal deep penetration ointment. It is made immediately before use, as it contains a lot of organic matter, which completely eliminates factory production. The ointment should be applied with light movements, kneading is completely excluded so as not to cause great damage.

Among the pharmaceutical ointments can be distinguished:

• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (Fastum gel, Ketonal, Nurofen, Voltaren);
• combined effect - anesthesia and removal of puffiness (Dexpanthenol, Dolobene);
• irritating effects (Nicoflex, Kapsikam);
• chondroprotectors (Chondroxide, Artrocyte).

When prescribing an ointment, the likelihood of an allergic reaction to the components should be taken into account.

Blockade

If painkillers are ineffective, then an x-ray-controlled blockade is done. A needle with a hormonal solution is inserted into the focus of pinching of the nerve roots. Local administration provides maximum efficiency. The injection can be made at the exit of the nerve processes, between the vertebral processes, or into the intervertebral region. Often used contrast agent to determine the route of drug entry.

The procedure is done under local anesthesia and x-ray control. Practice shows that in 50% of cases patients recover.

Manual therapy

Chiropractic is preferred over massage. With the help of shifting and stretching, the pinched nerve is released. Manual therapy can be used as a pain reliever, excluding the use of various drugs.

Manual therapy should be done only in specialized clinics. It can only be used for hernias of a certain size and location.

Manual therapy does not cure the pathology, but only removes the symptoms for a while. Patients should exclude convergence of the vertebrae and increased pressure on the disc in the future.

Folk remedies

Folk remedies should be used with caution. You can reduce symptoms with the help of bee products, herbal infusions, horse fat.

Note!

The main rules for the use of folk remedies: avoid heating the surface and exclude warming substances.

In the East they believe daily use prunes, figs and dried apricots strengthens the spine and increases healing effect other conservative means.

A compress of honey and potatoes will help reduce pain. Raw potatoes are rubbed and mixed with honey. Apply to the area of ​​pain, cover with a film, wrap. Withstand 2-3 hours.

Also, from honey and flour, you can make a cake 1 cm thick, which is applied overnight and tied with plastic wrap.

Local impact has a compress of Kalanchoe and burdock leaf, fir. But all funds should be used only after consultation with your doctor.

Small shavings of horse fat are covered with a plastic film, and covered with a natural cloth on top. The compress is tightly fixed with a bandage and worn throughout the day. Instead of horse fat, you can take badger or dog fat. Patients note a decrease in pain within 2 hours after application. Horse fat accelerates the synthesis of ceramides, which increases protective functions organism. Additionally, it has regenerating, moisturizing properties, contains the necessary Omega-3.

Surgery

• severe pain for a long time;
• pronounced neurological disorders;
• impotence, urinary incontinence.

There are several types of surgical intervention, the exact type is determined by the attending physician.

discectomy

The nucleus pulposus is removed through an open incision. In severe cases, the disc needs to be removed and replaced with a titanium implant. Long recovery period and risk of infection pathogenic microflora forces doctors to resort to this method in rare cases.

After surgery, it is important to follow preventive measures, as the disease can recur. Patients should regularly perform exercises to strengthen muscles, undergo physiotherapy courses and take vitamin and mineral complexes. In the presence of excess weight, they switch to a special diet with a restriction on fats and “fast” carbohydrates, increasing the consumption of fiber, fruits and vegetables, low-fat sour-milk products.

Endoscopic surgery

A camera and instrument are inserted through the puncture. The method is considered sparing, since the muscles are almost not damaged. The hernia is removed and the disc is corrected. Positive dynamics is observed in 80% of patients.

Microsurgical laser surgery

Laser treatment, like surgery, is considered a last resort. But unlike the latter, it is considered more benign. The patient is punctured to insert a needle with a light guide. Next, a laser is used to relieve pressure in the disk. Soft tissues have a high permeability for directional radiation, which makes it possible to treat pathology with a laser without disturbing the cover. At elevated temperature damaged areas are removed. Hernia symptoms disappear immediately as the pressure on the nerve endings is reduced.

Duration of the procedure– 10-40 minutes, local anesthesia is used. After a couple of days, the person is transferred to inpatient treatment. The technique is used in the absence of disc destruction, mainly in patients under 40 years of age. With age, the disc dries out, which makes the use of a laser impractical.

Physical exercise

Patients are advised to observe the regime of rest and control of physical activity. It is necessary to exclude an increase in tension in the spinal column: perform jumps, lift weights. A person must control movements, excluding sudden movements, strong bends, twists.

exercise therapy

The exercises should be selected by a doctor and a trainer with medical education. During classes, the load on the spinal column should be completely excluded, which completely eliminates exercises in an upright position.

Simple and effective exercises:

• Walk around the room on all fours, keeping your back and arms straight.
• In the same position, simultaneously stretch the arm and leg from opposite sides. If possible, fix the position for a couple of seconds to strengthen the ligaments.
• Hanging on the crossbar.
• Lie on your back and pull your knees up to your chest.

Yoga

At the initial stage of the disease, yoga is not prohibited. The only restriction is not to exercise in bed. When pain and discomfort appear, classes are recommended to be stopped.

Allowed exercises:

• To stretch the ligaments and muscles of the back, lie on your back, pull your knees up to your chin and roll to the sides.
• Lie on your back, bending your knees and clasping your shins with your hands. Try to straighten your spine as much as possible.
• Get on all fours and bend like a cat. You need to look at the ceiling, and then at the floor.
• Lie on your back with one leg bent and try to reach your knee with your forehead. Change leg.

Training on simulators

A properly selected simulator and the control of a qualified instructor will be an effective tool. It is allowed to engage in only during the period of remission and according to an individually drawn up program.

It is important to control breathing: during the increase in tension, inhale strongly, and then exhale slowly. This will avoid the negative impact of increased load. After each approach, take a short break. In total, the duration of the lesson is 3 hours, but the active actions are only 1 hour.

There are different simulators depending on the method of creating the load. Weighting is achieved due to body weight or a system of blocks. For example, horizontal bars and bars provide a load due to body weight and can only be used by people with good physical fitness.

Rules for using simulators:

• in the presence of pain, use pain relief exercises;
• eliminate axial loads;
• avoid shock loads;
• do not perform barbell presses;
• kettlebell lifting is prohibited.

Sport

Spinal hernia is a limitation for some sports. All exercises in a sitting or standing position are completely excluded.

The prohibited species are:

• sports walking;
• Weightlifting;
• active sports in which there is running or a long stay in a standing position (football, skiing, basketball);
• body-building;
• partial restriction on athletics with jumps.

Gymnastics

The gymnastic complex for treatment can be performed according to several methods: Bubnovsky, Pilyuiko, Dikul. The task of the complex is to strengthen the muscular corset to prevent pinched nerves.

Gymnastics is necessary for patients due to reduced mobility. It is required to accelerate metabolism and blood circulation, activate the muscles, which will allow the vertebrae to take their natural position and resolve the hernia. The course should be selected on an individual basis, taking into account physiological features the patient and the location of the pathology.

Rehabilitation

After a full course of treatment or surgery, the patient must undergo a rehabilitation period. Patients should follow all the recommendations of the doctor to exclude the occurrence of complications and relapse. In most cases, patients are advised to wear a special corset, undergo a series of physiotherapy procedures, and control body weight.

Corset

Orthopedic devices reduce the load on the spine. The corset should be flexible, but have a tight base. It is especially necessary for people who do not follow their posture during the day. The corset allows you to fix the spine.

Some models have straps to fix the design on the shoulders. The front covers the area from the pelvis to chest, back - from the shoulders to the buttocks. High blood pressure is transferred from the spine to the abdominal cavity.

When choosing a model, pay attention that the corset does not compress the spine. You can’t wear it all the time, as degradation of the back muscles will occur. The exact time is determined by the attending physician.

Spinal traction

Traction can be dry and underwater. In the first case, special simulators or a weighted load are used. In this case, the patient can be in a vertical and horizontal position. Underwater stretching of the spine is considered more gentle: in water, body weight is significantly reduced, which makes the procedure less painful.

During the procedure, there is a risk of pinching a large hernia. The method has contraindications:

• sharp pain;
• oncology;
• nephrolithiasis;
• cardiovascular diseases;
• osteoporosis.

After traction, it is mandatory to wear a corset and perform a number of exercise therapy exercises. This is necessary to prevent the return of the vertebrae to their original place.

Nutrition

Diet is important for patients with overweight. Obesity provokes pathology and exacerbates the course of the disease. normal weight will be a condition for successful treatment. To lose weight, you need to introduce a restriction on the calorie content of foods, eat more fiber.

• smoked meats,
• alcohol,
• spicy dishes,
• pickled foods.

Getting a disability

Many patients are interested in obtaining a disability, as the disease affects the standard of living and working capacity. The group is given in the following cases:

• occurrence of complications after surgery;
• long course of the disease;
• late diagnosis.

Often people with a herniated disc do not even try to get a disability, although they are entitled to it by law. Without fail, a group is given with a complete or partial loss of independent movement and disability.

1 First group issued if a person cannot do without outside help in Everyday life– can not move on his own, paralysis is diagnosed.

2 The second group can be obtained with an intense pain syndrome, impaired motor ability, or after surgery in case of disability.

3 Third group prescribed for patients with increased muscle tension and intense pain, with frequent exacerbations of the disease due to labor activity.

Hernia during pregnancy

It was previously mentioned that pregnancy can cause a spinal hernia. The fetus increases the load on the spine, the normal distribution of the load is disturbed. With the appearance of pathology during this period, it is necessary to begin treatment.

The main difficulty is the restriction on taking medications and exercise therapy, so as not to harm the child. Doctors recommend gentle treatment based on folk remedies.

During childbirth, the doctor must take into account the disease of the mother and exercise maximum caution. After the birth of a child, the advanced form of the disease is recommended to be eliminated by surgical intervention.

Army with a hernia of the spine

Intervertebral hernia considered a contraindication to military service. Pathology is often accompanied by complications that lead to complete disrepair. The disease is especially dangerous in the later stages.

For a delay, a doctor's opinion is required after the man's treatment for back pain. Be sure to attach the results of these surveys.

At mild form hernia is delayed for 6-12 months, as it is amenable to conservative treatment. Reasons for failure can be:

• atrophy, muscle paresis;
• hernia more than 8 mm;
• decreased sensitivity in the absence of natural tendon reflexes;
• congenital pathologies spinal column;
• intensive development of the disease;
• change in the dural sac;
• indications for surgical intervention in case of refusal of the patient from the operation or the presence of a number of contraindications to it.

The neglected form of spinal hernia leads to severe complications. The main danger is damage to the nerve endings and spinal cord, which can lead to paralysis, loss of skin sensitivity, and impaired normal limb mobility. Treatment without prior diagnosis will aggravate the situation and lead to irreversible consequences.

Questions - Answers

The hernia is very large in the sacral region, I did an MRI and did a blockade, but I still yearn for my leg. What to do?

You did not describe the results of the MRI (what kind of hernia) and symptoms: do you have pain, movement disorders, loss of sensation in the leg, etc. This is important for deciding treatment tactics. If there are motor or sensory disturbances, it is necessary to discuss the issue of surgery with a neurosurgeon. If there are no absolute indications for surgery, you need to contact an osteopath who will help you cope with pain and select correct exercises for back muscles.

What effect does tebantine have on spinal treatment?

Tebantine is an anticonvulsant drug, but it is also used for back pain due to nerve and root compression. In this case, it is an anesthetic by changing the signal transmission in the nerve endings. It does not affect the cause of pain and inflammation. Therefore, if you want not only to anesthetize (remove the symptoms), but to work with the cause of the disease, you must use other methods (osteopathy and, if necessary, surgery).

(Total 17,767, today 8)

Tom 03.03.2018 at 10:37

I had a spinal hernia. I already thought that I would remain semi-paralyzed forever. I tried everything: neuropathologists - ours and Russian ones, injections, acupuncture, chiropractors, massages, healers, I was in the hospital. For six months I relied on doctors and massages. It got worse. I could hardly walk, I was in pain - I saved myself with painkillers. Having exhausted all means and having lost hope for anyone, she began to study the nature of her sore. I came across a doctor's book on this part - everything was well explained there. What causes a hernia, what happens to the vertebrae and discs. I realized that the root of the pain is in the compression of the discs between the vertebrae, and they need to be pulled out. It turns out that in this case, a vacuum effect occurs in the discs, the squeezed out hernia is drawn back and they are restored. And I went (crawled) to the sports field of the nearest school. And began to hang on the crossbar. At first it was possible only for a few seconds - the hands could not stand it. I had to hang, slowly, slowly pulling my knees up. Already on the third day I felt relief, the pain began to go away. A few days later, I began to do gentle jogging. In general, the crossbar turned out to be the most effective tool. Since then, I have great respect for this sports equipment. And plus yoga, later. My back didn't bother me anymore. P.S. Maybe my experience will be useful to you.

Azat 03.03.2018 at 10:46

People! Do not just do the operation! .. There is a special home simulator for hanging upside down, stretching the vertebrae. Order as soon as possible. My wife uses it all the time, she also had a hernia of the spine, very neglected and not good. And the vertebrae stuck out like a dinosaur (now no longer, pah-pah-pah). Kazakh folk chiropractors straighten very well with the help of horse fat (they lubricate for several days, it stinks terribly, but the bones soften, then a special massage, she went through all this as well), but the fat is also special from a certain place - Kazakh doctors know ... Then you must definitely do a set of Chinese qigong exercises. This is also important.

Mukhtar 03.03.2018 at 11:38

The method of Professor Bubnovsky helped me. 2014. The MRI showed a 5 mm hernia. In 2015 I bought inversion boots for the horizontal bar. I also ordered an inversion table. Hang upside down and do the exercises. The effect is excellent. Now I lift weights. Manual massage helps.


Alya 09/08/2018 at 21:22

I myself know firsthand the discomfort and pain caused by herniated discs. I have 2 in the lumbar. I suffered for 5 years until I found ways to get rid of the pain. Acupuncture, manual therapy and massage helped me. all this was done in the Paramita clinic. Plus, yoga exercises have become mandatory for me, I practice almost every day, at first I worked with a trainer, the girl also has a medical education in the field of rehabilitation. So do not give up, everything is in your power, fight for your health and try to avoid surgery to the last, there are ways to deal with this ailment without surgery. I wish everyone good health!

Love M. 09/25/2018 at 20:18

My mother has been walking only with a cane for half a year already - they found a hernia in her. And before that, there were just slight pains, I thought it would go away on its own. In winter, the pains became wildest, the pills did not help, maybe the body just got used to them. I had to call the ambulance again. The doctor who arrived gave me an injection of an analgesic and advised me to drink Sustalife. We obeyed. Now my mother's condition is much better - it hurts only because of the weather.

Spinal hernia is as common in women as it is in men. This is a very serious and severe disease that occurs as a result of the loss of fragments of the affected disc into the spinal canal. Between the vertebrae there is a layer of cartilage - this is the intervertebral discs. Due to this, the human spine is flexible, has the ability to bend and unbend.

What is a hernia?

A hernia is a displacement of the disc when the fibrous ring is damaged with a prolapse of the nucleus. This nucleus, being in the spinal canal, compresses the nerve endings that are nearby, which leads to pain. At risk are women over 50 and expectant mothers during pregnancy. The former experience age-related changes in the tissue structure, weight gain, simply age-related exhaustion and the development of diseases, including the spine, which can contribute to the formation of a hernia. In pregnant women, the load on the spine increases, which provokes disc prolapse.

Types of intervertebral hernias

Types of intervertebral hernia are classified depending on the affected spine, where they distinguish:

1. Cervical hernia - is very rare, since this part of the spine is the safest for this pathology.
2. Thoracic hernia - occurs even less frequently with respect to the cervical lesion.
3. Lumbar hernia is the most common type of pathology, occurs in 80% of cases of the total number of patients.

The size of the hernia is divided into three types:

• prolapse - prolapse occurred by 2-3 mm;
• protrusion - loss of 5-15 mm;
• extrusion - the hernia hangs down in the form of a drop.

Important! Only complex diagnostics allows you to determine the localization and type of pathology - this directly affects the scheme of further treatment.

Symptoms

The first signs of the appearance of an intervertebral hernia are very similar to the manifestation of osteochondrosis. Pain in the back of varying intensity begins. The pain depends on the age of the patient: if a hernia appeared in young age, it manifests itself as rare pain in the back, which becomes stronger when lifting weights, sitting at a table for a long time or in an uncomfortable position. In older women, the pain is much stronger, they do not give the opportunity to make movements freely. In addition, if a pinched nerve occurs, numbness of the limbs, paralysis or paresis of the legs occurs.

With the rapid growth of a hernia, the following symptoms are observed:

1. Numbness in hands and feet.
2. Cramping pains in the spine.
3. Frequent headaches.
4. Pain in chest when breathing.
5. Low performance.
6. Violation of the functions of defecation and urination.

Sometimes there are pains in the heart, mammary glands, in the pelvic area, there are changes in blood pressure. A hernia masquerades as diseases of the lungs, heart, intercostal neuralgia.

Symptoms depending on location

Hernia cervical- This is stiffness of the cervical vertebrae and pain in the upper back. If the hernia is large and compresses the nerve roots of the spinal cord, then there are chest pains, frequent migraines, pain in the arms and shoulders. The considered pathology occurs in 10% of all diagnosed cases. It is difficult to detect it, more than one year may pass from the moment of formation to the first symptoms.

Hernia of the thoracic spine - occurs mainly in women, but rarely. It manifests itself as prolonged pain in the chest and in the subscapular region. Pain in this part of the spine is localized.

Lumbar hernia is the most common disease. It is manifested by pain and heaviness in the legs, their numbness and the possibility of inflammation of the sciatic nerve. Most often, 4 and 5 vertebrae are affected, often several hernias in one department are diagnosed at once. At the first stages of the development of the disease, there are no symptoms, they appear as a result of sudden movements of the body or the lifting of a heavy object.

Important! When pain syndrome, which is especially evident when moving, you need to see a doctor to undergo an examination and start treatment - this will help prevent the development of complications in the form of partial or complete paralysis of the limbs.

Pathology treatment methods

Treatment of intervertebral hernia is carried out different methods using conservative and surgery. In addition, for some types of hernias, they help well. folk methods. Surgical intervention in the treatment of intervertebral hernia is performed very rarely - only if conservative treatment has not helped.

Conservative treatment

Conservative treatment starts with bed rest- the patient needs a state of rest for subsequent therapy within 2-3 days. Then the patient is prescribed a massage - it will help to relax the back muscles and relieve the feeling of constriction. Manual therapy helps to restore the structure of the spine, relieve pressure on the spinal cord. Acupuncture successfully relieves pain.

To relieve inflammation, they are treated with medicines, where they are used:

1. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Diclofenac, Meloxicam.
2. Local anesthetics are also used in the form of gels and ointments: Diclofenac, Fastum-gel, Finalgon. With severe pain, when other remedies cannot help, novocaine blockades and steroid drugs - prednisone are made to relieve muscle spasm in the focus of inflammation, reduce swelling and inflammation of the strangulated root.
3. You can relieve spasm by using muscle relaxants: Mydocalm, Sirdalud.
4. To stimulate metabolic processes in nervous tissues and their recovery, vitamins of group B and Pyridoxine are prescribed.
5. In severe cases, drugs such as morphine or codeine may be prescribed.

To relieve excess pressure on the problem disc and eliminate muscle spasm, it is recommended to wear a therapeutic bandage or collar - they should be used especially during an exacerbation.

You can relieve pain and inflammation with the help of physiotherapy procedures. At the discretion of the attending physician, treatment with a magnet, phonophoresis, electrophoresis, and ultrasound is prescribed. The procedures help to improve blood flow in the spinal region, restore processes in the field of pathology, and improve the effect of the drug.

Be sure to do gymnastics. Exercise therapy includes several methods: Dikul, Bubnovsky, Pilyuiko, as well as fitness and swimming. Therapeutic exercises are recommended for patients with intervertebral hernia to strengthen the muscular corset of the spine. It is recommended to perform light exercises carried out at a moderate pace. Each patient is selected their own set of exercises, taking into account the localization of the pathology. Performing gymnastic exercises should not bring discomfort and pain, otherwise they will cause great harm sick spine.

For clarity, here are some popular exercises:

1. Swimming - suitable for all types of hernias, a very useful and necessary activity. In water, the position of the spine will always be correct, so pressure on it is excluded. When swimming, all muscles are involved, which leads to the strengthening of the muscular corset. You should swim on your back or crawl.
2. You can also go around the room on all fours, trying to keep your arms and back straight.
3. Lie on your back, pull your knees towards you, touching your chest. This allows you to stretch your back muscles.
4. Get on all fours and at the same time stretch your arm and leg, from opposite sides. This position must be fixed for a few seconds. This exercise strengthens the ligaments and muscles.

Important! Under no circumstances should you resort to exercise without a doctor's permission. This can exacerbate an already painful situation.

Surgery

Surgical intervention is used only in cases where:

1. Severe constant pain for several months does not recede even after taking painkillers.
2. Violation of vital functions in the arms or legs is observed.
3. There is incontinence of feces or urine.

These indications for surgical intervention disrupt the normal functioning of a sick woman, so a procedure is prescribed to remove a hernia, cartilage, or even a vertebra.

There are several types of surgery:

• open surgery with a laparoscope;
• microsurgical laser operation.

Each method of surgical intervention should be considered:

1. hernia surgery open way called a discectomy. This is a radical surgical intervention in which the surgeon removes the herniated disc and, if necessary, the diseased disc, replacing it with a titanium implant. Such an operation preserves the natural structure of the spinal segment. The recovery period lasts several months.
2. Laser treatment refers to minimally invasive methods, in which the surgeon inserts a light guide into the hernia area, which heats the core by evaporating water. In this case, there is a decrease in the hernia and the nucleus of the disc. The advantages of such an intervention: low trauma, no anatomical changes, hospital stay no more than 3 days and a rehabilitation period of a month. Indeed, this method has negative sides in the form of a risk of inflammation and edema, there are no other restorative processes except for the removal of a hernia.
3. Endoscopic surgery is performed through small puncture on the back, into which instruments and a camera are inserted. With the help of an endoscope, the surgeon removes the hernia and corrects the disc. The advantages of this method are the reduced risk of complications, a short rehabilitation period (5-6 days), and low trauma. The success of this intervention is 80% of all operations performed.

Important! Surgical intervention fraught with complications and a long rehabilitation period. Therefore, they are prescribed extremely rarely, in cases of vital necessity. It is necessary to try to get rid of the hernia with the help of conservative methods or folk remedies.

Folk methods of treatment

Intervertebral hernia can be treated at home - on initial stages this brings good results. Treatment folk remedies involves the use of tinctures, compresses, ointments and taking decoctions. Treatment, unlike medication, is long-term. Suitable for everyone, components are available, some are mined for free and on their own. Also, some categories of patients may not be suitable drug treatment(pregnancy, breastfeeding, drug intolerance), therefore, treatment with folk remedies is a kind of salvation.

Consider a few popular recipes:

Tincture of cinquefoil

It is used internally and externally to relieve inflammation, pain, swelling. Prepared from 300 g of crushed plant roots, which must be put in a liter jar and pour vodka, put in a dark place for infusion. Infuse for three weeks, shaking from time to time. Then strain the infusion and take one tablespoon 3 times a day until it runs out. Take a break of one month and during this time prepare the next portion.

honey cake

Make a viscous mass from honey and flour, mold a cake 1 cm thick from it, put it on a sore spot. Cover with plastic wrap and tie. Apply before bed and go to bed immediately. The course of treatment is 10 days.

Rubbing alcohol

Take 2 tbsp. spoons of St. John's wort, wormwood, comfrey, cinquefoil, mint and squeezed garlic. Mix all the ingredients, pour one glass of vodka and let it brew in a dark place for 7 days. Apply daily to the site of hernia localization, treat for 10 days.

For local application a burdock or kalanchoe leaf compress is well suited, rubbing with warm oil from cedar, fir, applying heated salt and buckwheat. Folk recipes can be used after consultation with your doctor. They help relieve spasms and pain, bring relief, and in the early stages will even help to cure the disease.

Prevention

Prevention of hernia formation includes the implementation of some rules that are available to any person: it is necessary to strengthen the back muscles, immunity, sleep on a hard mattress, do not lift weights, do not make sharp bends and turns with the body, lead active image life, keep a straight posture.

Human health depends only on self-care. Proper Behavior will help to avoid many diseases, including the occurrence of an intervertebral hernia. Take care of your spine health main body our body, on which our life depends.

Hernia intervertebral disc? What are the symptoms of a cervical, lumbar, or spinal hernia? Let us discuss in detail all the manifestations of this burdensome pathology.

Symptoms of a herniated disc

Most herniated discs have no symptoms. and is found only incidentally, when performing computed tomography or nuclear magnetic resonance for other reasons.

If symptoms are present, they vary depending on the following factors:

• Affected area.
• Hernia size and hence the compression ratio.
• Affected structures. Most of the severe symptoms of a herniated disc are caused by compression of the nerve roots or spinal cord.

Description and features of a herniated disc

Herniated disc is a disease that affects the spine and can occur in the cervical, thoracic, or lumbar spine. It is associated with injury. anatomical structures known as intervertebral discs.

Intervertebral discs are an annulus fibrosus formed from concentric layers of cartilage that becomes increasingly rigid as it moves outward. Inside it is hidden a fleshy core with a gelatinous consistency and rich in water. Intervertebral discs located between the two vertebral bodies act as shock absorbers and ensure the movement of the vertebrae in relation to each other.

Due to injury or disease, the disc can deteriorate and be unable to hold the nucleus pulposus, which moves out of its natural place and moves into the spinal canal. As a result of this movement, compression occurs: nerve roots, which arise from the spinal cord and exit the spine through an opening on the side, or spinal cord. The immediate consequence of this compression is inflammation, which defines clinical picture of a herniated disc.

Sometimes the nucleus cannot leave the intervertebral space, but deforms the intervertebral disc, which, in turn, compresses the nerve roots or spinal cord. Strictly speaking, in such cases it is impossible to speak of an intervertebral hernia, because the dislocation of the nucleus does not occur, but the symptoms point specifically to a herniated disc.

Causes of a herniated disc should be sought in a predisposition to deterioration in the structure of the intervertebral discs associated with heredity and provoking factors, which may be injuries, obesity, poor posture, malformations, etc.

Symptoms of a hernia of the cervical spine

The main symptom of a herniated cervical spine is pain that radiates along the path of the nerve being compressed by the nerve.

Possible symptoms:

• Pain in the cervical region.
• Pain in the shoulder blades.
• Precordial pains (in the chest).
• Cervicobrachialgia. Pain that starts in the neck and radiates to the back and arms.
• Sensitivity disorders and problems with the movement of the hands and fingers.
• Loss of sphincter control (urinary and fecal incontinence).
• Erection problems.

Symptoms of a thoracic hernia

Possible symptoms of a herniated lumbar spine are:

• Pain in the central part of the back and coccyx.
• Problems with limb movements.
• Problems with sensation in the lower extremities.
• Sexual problems.
• Loss of control over sphincters.

Symptoms of a lumbar disc herniation.

More than 80% of herniated discs appear in the lumbar region, they are characterized by the following symptoms:

• Back pain.
• Inflammation and pain in the sciatic nerve.
• Inflammation and pain in the nerves of the lower leg (groin and thigh).
• It is difficult to stand on your feet.
• Problems with movement and sensation in the lower extremities.
• Sphincter control problems.
• Sexual problems.

Obviously, not all possible symptoms are listed. And they don't have to be present at the same time. But, the stronger the compression of the root and spinal cord, the more severe the symptoms.

Spinal hernia is one of the most serious complications in osteochondrosis changes in the spinal column, which is a change in the integrity of the intervertebral disc with a displacement of its part into the cavity inside the canal. If timely treatment is not performed, then a person can become disabled for the rest of his life. As a rule, women and men of working age are susceptible to this complication.

• • What is the impetus for the development of a hernia of the spine?
  • What are the symptoms and signs of a herniated disc?
  • Determination of the diagnosis of a hernia of the spine
• • Manual therapy and massage
  • Physiotherapy
  • Physiotherapy
  • Proper nutrition

Causes of the development of a vertebral hernia

Before you understand why a vertebral hernia appears, you must first know directly the structure of the vertebral disc. In addition, you need to know what role he plays.

As the name implies, the intervertebral disc is located between the vertebrae and connects them to each other, while providing the spine with motor function. It is also a kind of shock absorber of the human body.

The disk itself consists of an outer part formed from fibrous collagen structures, which is called the annulus or fibrous sheath. Its main task is to give a permanent or definite shape to the spinal disc. Moreover, it is the collagenous outer fibers that connect the vertebrae to the discs. Inside is a kind of pulp core, quite springy in its consistency. This is the main shock absorber. human body. It is the core of the disk that allows you to correctly distribute the weight completely along the spine, for example, while lifting heavy objects.

In the event of the appearance of degenerative changes in the spine, including the disc itself, the integrity of the protective collagen sheath is disrupted. Accordingly, the nucleus, no longer held back by the fibrous ring, is displaced from its normal position, this is called an intervertebral hernia. Taking into account its place of formation and is determined clinical picture and often quite heavy. In this case, the treatment of vertebral hernia is impossible without surgery.

What is the impetus for the development of a hernia of the spine?

To date, the exact cause that gives impetus to the appearance of the pathological process of spinal hernia is not exactly known. But it is believed that there are a number of reasons that contribute to its development. Conventionally, they are divided into endogenous, appearing due to the internal influence of the organism directly on the bone-articular system. And exogenous causes are the negative influence of the environment.

How do the internal processes of the body provoke a hernia of the spine? The main reason is all sorts of spinal disruptions in the supply structure. musculoskeletal system body with essential nutrients. This includes both a lack of nutrition (for example, due to beriberi), and an overabundance, for example, the deposition of salts. All this leads to different degenerative changes cartilage. As a result, a vertebral hernia appears.

TO external influences that contribute to the appearance of a hernia include the following:

• Poor posture, such as scoliosis.
• Injuries different nature in the spinal region.
• Low physical activity, as a result of a sedentary lifestyle, leads to poor development of muscle tissue, which is also the cause of a hernia.
• Excessive physical activity.
• Infectious and inflammatory diseases (for example, osteomyelitis, rheumatism).
• Obesity - leads to a high load on the vertebral discs.

What are the symptoms and signs of a herniated disc?

The main symptom of a vertebral hernia is pain of a different nature. In this case, a person may not even be aware of the presence of pathology. Initially, the symptom may appear during exercise, for example, prolonged exposure to the wrong posture or lifting heavy objects. A little later, a neurological symptom will appear (numbness of the limbs, tingling, tingling sensation). If the wrong diagnosis is made and the wrong treatment begins, then the person may remain disabled.

In fact, the course of the disease is conditionally divided into two stages:

It must be said that this pathology is characterized by a gradual course of the disease. The clinic will depend on the place of education. By and large, a hernia can form anywhere in the spine. But a hernia of the thoracic spine is very rare. This can be explained by the presence of developed muscles and the anatomical feature of the structure of the chest.

Hernia of the lumbosacral discs of the vertebrae is the most common localization for this pathology. Since the greatest load occurs on this section of the spinal column. In addition to pain in the spine with different loads, lumbodynia joins. Also, with a hernia of the spine this site possible leg numbness, impaired sensitivity and weakness. With a severe passage of the disease, the functions of the internal organs of the pelvis are disturbed.

In the presence of a hernia of the spine in the cervical region, as a rule, pain symptoms are noted in the neck with a transition to the shoulders and lower limbs. Characteristic headache and dizziness, possible pressure problems.

Determination of the diagnosis of a hernia of the spine

Before deciding how to treat a vertebral hernia, we will determine on what basis this diagnosis is made.

When a patient first seeks help, with complaints of pain in the region of the spine, he goes for a consultation with an orthopedist. After a survey, the doctor determines the nature and quality of pain symptoms, the absence or presence of irradiation to other parts of the body and the location. The absence or presence of pathological neurological symptoms. Taking into account the patient's feedback, determine what was the prerequisite for the onset of the disease.

If there is any suspicion of a pathology, an MRI is mandatory required area spine. During the examination, the following points are determined:

• Whether the patient has an injury, tumor, or spinal hernia.
• In the presence of the above, the place of formation and size are determined.
• The degree of damage near the tissues is determined.
• The absence or presence of compression deformities of the nerve endings or the spinal cord is determined.

If the diagnosis is confirmed, then the question needs to be resolved: “How to treat a vertebral hernia?”. Therapy of this pathology is obliged not only to eliminate the cause of the disease, but also to return the patient to normal life. What are the following methods used in combination:

• The return of the patient to a full life by restoring the functions of the spine. For this, manual therapy, physiotherapy, exercise therapy and other methods are used.
• Drug therapy aimed at relieving a pain symptom, eliminating the cause of a hernia, as well as for the general improvement of the body.
• Develop proper nutrition.

Consider all the methods of treatment in more detail.

How to cure a vertebral hernia?

At the initial stage of treatment, drug therapy is the main one. This therapy relieves pain symptoms, the process of inflammation, spurs recovery processes, improves blood supply to the disc tissue. All medicines are used only under medical supervision.

Treatment of vertebral hernia with medications begins with the appointment of non-steroidal drugs, for example, Diclofenac. This drug eliminates pain and relieves inflammation well, and besides this, it is also an excellent stabilizer of body temperature. But along with a positive effect, this group of drugs cannot be used for treatment for a long time due to a large number side effects, especially from the gastrointestinal tract.

More modern drugs, for example, Alflutop, solve the same problems, but do not have such negative impact per person. In addition to the anti-inflammatory effect, they activate regeneration processes in cartilage and bone tissue.

If the pain is very strong, it is advisable to use painkillers, for example, from a series of analgesics. If these funds do not help, then the doctor produces a novocaine blockade. These are analgesic injections with novocaine, which are injected into the site of the pain symptom, which creates an anesthetic effect. As a rule, several procedures are enough for the pain to disappear.

With severe muscle spasm, muscle relaxants can be used. Also, to activate the recovery processes, vitamin-containing injections are required, for which B vitamins are used.

Manual therapy and massage

Massage with a hernia of the spine is not always advisable, since if the massage therapist carelessly moves, a pinched nerve can occur. Unless massage can be used with caution in remission to strengthen muscles.

TO manual therapy also needs to be handled with caution. But in some cases, for example, in the presence of displacement of the vertebrae, it is simply irreplaceable. In the process of treatment, the vertebra is reduced, as a result of which muscle spasm is relieved.

Physiotherapy

In the acute period of the disease, the course of exercise therapy is not prescribed. During remission, it can be recommended by a doctor to restore the "muscle corset". The course only takes place in specialized agency under the supervision of a doctor. The list of exercises is developed individually for each patient, taking into account the presence of complications and the degree of damage to the spine.

It should be noted such a type of physical education as swimming. It is also used after the removal of pain symptoms and the inflammatory process. Naturally, in the case of a spinal hernia, not all types of swimming exercises can be performed, due to the high load on the spine. But crawl or backstroke, and some gymnastic exercises in the pool help to stabilize the pathological disease. In addition, these exercises not only reduce the load on the spine, but also strengthen the spinal muscles. Also, the spinal traction is successfully carried out in the water. Usually, water procedures supplemented with hydrogen sulfide or turpentine baths which also has a positive effect on rehabilitation.

Physiotherapy

Many doctors in the subacute period advise the use of physiotherapy procedures. Amplipulse is one of the most common procedures. The purpose of this method is to influence impulse current with a low frequency and a small level of tension on the spine. The time of exposure to current is interrupted by periods of rest, respectively, not only stimulation is performed, but also a relaxing effect occurs. The result of this procedure is the elimination of pain symptoms and a decrease in the inflammatory process. However, some doctors consider this method of treatment rather controversial.

Proper nutrition

The diet during the vertebral hernia is not very rigid. But the food must contain the necessary amount of protein, which is required for rehabilitation therapy. You can consume any vegetables and fruits, especially those that contain a lot of vitamin. It is forbidden to eat fatty and spicy food as well as alcohol. These products provide Negative influence for treatment. If you are overweight, you need to give up high-calorie foods.

Thus, we have considered all the main methods of conservative treatment. In the case when it is impossible to stop the pathological process, then surgical removal of the vertebral hernia is used. Intervertebral hernia is a very serious disease, therefore, treatment and diagnosis must be carried out only by highly qualified specialists, without any delay or delay.

Acute osteochondrosis, which is the cause of back and neck pain for more than half of the working population, is an irreversible process.

Dystrophic processes of cartilaginous tissue extend to the spine. Which leads to a change in the shape of posture, infringement of nerve endings and blood supply.

Osteochondrosis is manifested not only by severe back pain, but also by numbness of the limbs, dizziness and tinnitus.

Why these symptoms develop, which parts of the spine are typical for, and what treatment is used, we will consider further.

Symptoms

For acute phase osteochondrosis is characterized by a fulminant course and an increase in symptoms. During the first 5-7 days, the patient's condition deteriorates rapidly, after which an imaginary relief occurs. The intensity of the pain becomes less, but this does not mean the onset of recovery.

Most likely, osteochondrosis acquires chronic form, in which the stages of exacerbation appear systematically. To prevent development chronic process, necessary at the first complaints of back pain and deterioration general well-being seek help from a specialist. Early diagnosis and complex treatment will help to avoid the development of irreversible processes, which cannot be completely stopped.

Osteochondrosis is localized in those parts of the spine that are most often subjected to stress, or vice versa, in their complete absence.

Signs of cervical osteochondrosis in the acute stage

Parallel to the cervical vertebrae are large nerve endings and blood vessels that provide the brain with oxygen. In the presence of osteochondrosis, their compression is noted, as a result of which the brain receives less oxygen and is oversaturated with carbon dioxide. In turn, the infringement of nerve endings provokes a decrease in the sensitivity of the head and shoulder area, as well as numbness of the upper extremities. As a result of these processes, symptoms such as:

1. A severe migraine headache - pulsation in the temples, occiput and frontal lobe can be a sign of oxygen deficiency in the brain cells.
2. Violation of coordination of movement - develops due to impaired cerebral circulation caused by squeezing of large vessels leading to the brain.
3. Tinnitus and dizziness - consistent with signs of overabundance carbon dioxide and toxic substances in brain cells.
4. Constraining pain in the neck, aggravated by movement, is caused by irritation of the nerve endings of soft tissues, which occurs due to deformation of the vertebrae and going beyond its anatomical space.
5. Swelling of the soft tissues of the neck - due to the addition of the inflammatory process, which develops due to constant injury to the soft tissues, especially when moving.
6. The appearance of a characteristic crunch during head movements - appears due to a violation of the normal arrangement of the vertebrae, as well as due to the destruction of bone tissue and the appearance of bone growths (osteophytes).
7. Decreased visual and auditory function - develops sporadically when cerebral circulation violated.
8. Radicular syndrome is an acute phenomenon, which is characterized by the infringement of the nerve roots by the vertebrae. Accompanied by a feeling of constant coldness in the neck, tingling in the hands and back of the neck. In critical cases, the neck can be fixed in one position (cervical sciatica), and return it to habitual position painless and without medical assistance fails.
9. Cardiac syndrome - quite often occurs in the acute course of the disease. There is a spastic penetrating pain between the shoulder blades and in the sternum, the heartbeat quickens, there is a lack of oxygen. Sometimes these symptoms are mistaken for a heart attack.
10. Hypertonicity of the neck muscles - develops due to prolonged spasm of the muscle and the impossibility of its relaxation due to the infringement of the nerve fiber.

Infringement of large vessels leading to the brain can cause the development oxygen starvation and intoxication of brain cells. Therefore, in this case, the only correct solution will be a comprehensive diagnosis and treatment.

Thoracic

Thoracic osteochondrosis is no less dangerous. It may present with symptoms such as:

1. Cardiac syndrome - a sharp burning pain behind the sternum, accompanied by increased heart rate and breathing. A panic attack appears, as well as a feeling of lack of oxygen due to the impossibility of a full breath. Often mistaken for a heart attack.
2. Pulmonary syndrome - as a result of infringement of the nerve endings of the sternum, a person is not able to take a deep breath, which affects the quality and quantity of oxygen entering the body. In the lungs, due to insufficient ventilation, stagnant processes are formed, which occurs at the moment when an exacerbation of osteochondrosis occurs.
3. Thoracalgia is a persistent squeezing, piercing pain in the area of ​​​​the shoulder blades, sternum, upper limbs, which intensifies at the moment of movement of the trunk or arms. Gradually, hand movements are limited, weakness is felt.
4. Abdominal syndrome - characterized by the presence of cramping and paroxysmal pain in the abdomen, without clearly identified localization. Such manifestations are not associated with pathologies of the digestive tract, developing due to irritation peripheral nerves extending from the spinal column.
5. Dorsago is a complex of symptoms that develop due to infringement of nerve endings. It is accompanied by a decrease in the sensitivity of the skin, a feeling of "goosebumps" along the spine, swelling and hyperemia.
6. Radiculopathy - is determined by the presence of constricting pain in the sternum and the inability to raise the upper limbs, which develops due to pinching of the radicular nerves by the vertebrae.

Lumbar

Lumbar osteochondrosis may be accompanied by aching and sharp pains that change their intensity as the position of the body in space changes. Most often, pain and numbness occur with prolonged sitting or standing in one place. In cases of progressive disease, symptoms such as:

1. Reduced sensitivity of this area - occurs due to compression of the nerve endings, which leads to a violation of the conduction of the nerve impulse.
2. Numbness of the lower extremities and tingling in the foot - develops when the radicular nerve endings that take part in the process of leg movement are infringed.
3. Weakness in the legs - appears due to a decrease in muscle tone.
4. Flabbiness of the skin and peeling - indicates the presence of metabolic disorders, which involve soft tissues and skin.
5. Increased pain when moving, sneezing, coughing.
6. The development of sciatica - occurs with strong compression and infringement of the radicular nerves, resulting in a backache. A person cannot straighten up and take a vertical position of the body. The legs are getting weak.
7. Protrusion is a frequent companion of acute osteochondrosis, when, under the influence of body weight, a modified disc protrudes into the intervertebral space, which is accompanied by acute, shooting pain at the slightest movement.

Watch an interesting video on this topic

Consequences

It should be understood that such a problem as osteochondrosis does not develop in a minute and is not a monosymptomatic disease. Many pathogenic factors provoke the development of cartilage tissue dystrophy. If this process is not stopped in a timely manner, complications such as:

• protrusion of the intervertebral disc with its further destruction, which makes movement in this section of the spine painful and difficult;
• the formation of calcium growths that will interfere with the movement of the vertebrae;
• intervertebral hernias that occur due to the protrusion of the pulpous nucleus outside the vertebra, breaking through the thinned cartilage tissue;
• fusion of the vertebrae with each other and a decrease in mobility, which is achieved with the progression of the failure of calcium metabolism in the body;
• deformation of the joints of the vertebrae, which in the future can cause immobilization;
• spinal listhesis, in which the vertebrae can extend beyond the vertebral frame (mobile joint syndrome);
• stenosis of the spinal canal, in which the spinal cord is infringed, which entails a lot of negative consequences.

Exacerbation of osteochondrosis should be controlled, as this can ultimately lead to disability and immobilization of the patient, who needs special care.

In what case to the doctor?

Many people, especially those with irregular work schedules, are used to the fact that back pain is a common occurrence.

Treatment of acute osteochondrosis in most cases is carried out at home, and in some cases it is not performed at all. This only aggravates the situation, since only a doctor should carry out therapy. You should not ignore the advice of a specialist if:

• the body or neck is stuck in one position;
• pain appears systematically;
• swelling and swelling are visualized along the spine;
• general health deteriorates sharply;
• there is a ringing in the ears, a fainting state;
• no appetite;
• bouts of nausea and vomiting;
• severe dizziness, as well as an acute reaction to light and sound.

All of these may indicate the presence of the syndrome. vertebral artery- the most dangerous clinical sign of an acute form of osteochondrosis.

Treatment

To obtain the maximum effect, treatment should be comprehensive, that is, it should affect all the causes and factors that provoke the progression of the disease. Comprehensiveness is the key to successful treatment. Let's consider each component of therapy separately.

Medical treatment

Medicines help reduce pain, eliminate swelling and normalize metabolic processes in cartilage and bone tissue, which helps to slow down destructive and dystrophic processes.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs affect the production of prostaglandins - bodies that are mediators of pain and inflammation. Inhibition of their synthesis helps eliminate swelling, pain and redness of soft tissues, which is extremely important in the treatment of osteochondrosis in the acute stage. The most popular and affordable of them are:

The price in pharmacies is 25-75 rubles.

Price - 130-150 rubles.

Contraindications are the presence of ulcerative-erosive neoplasms in the organs gastrointestinal tract, the aspirin triad, and liver failure.

Price - 310-320 rubles.

Price - 125-130 rubles.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be used with extreme caution, as they affect the quality of the blood, reducing platelet aggregation.

Muscle relaxants are prescribed when skeletal muscles experience an increased load caused by spasm. It is a consequence of the infringement of the nerve endings, which do not allow the muscle to fully contract. This group of drugs is prescribed with extreme caution, especially in the presence of chronic diseases of cardio-vascular system. The most effective representatives of this group are:

The price in pharmacies is 260-290 rubles.

Price - 320-330 rubles.

Price - 130-150 rubles.

Price - 230-250 rubles.

Price - 100-110 rubles.

Vitamins are undoubtedly needed by the body, especially when it suffers from osteochondrosis. However, useful substances are absorbed better if they are used in combination, together with micro and macro elements. Their role is difficult to overestimate:

• take an active part in the normalization of metabolic processes;
• promote the regeneration of damaged cartilage cells;
• improve the conductivity of the nerve impulse;
• stabilize the work of vital organs and systems;
• neutralize pathogenic substances in the body, strengthening the immune system.

Therefore, with osteochondrosis, vitamin complexes are prescribed, such as:

Price - 320-350 rubles.

Price - 380-450 rubles.

The cost is 320-380 rubles.

Price - 150-190 rubles.

Price - 110-130 rubles.

The effectiveness of vitamins is noted only when they are taken systematically, during a certain course of treatment. One-time receptions desired result do not give.

In the case when the pain is unbearable and entails the development of a shock state, blockades are used. They are injections that are injected into the skin around the spine, intervertebral space and along the nerves.

For blockades, medicines such as:

Price - 25-35 rubles per ampoule.

Price - 45-55 rubles per 1 ampoule.

Price - 25-35 rubles.

Price - 350-370 rubles.

Price - 25-30 rubles.

This procedure is carried out exclusively in stationary conditions a person who has relevant experience in carrying out such manipulations.

Ointments and gels allow active substance penetrate through skin covering reducing pain sensations. Usually they contain the same components as other forms of medicines used in the treatment of osteochondrosis. The principle of their action is also similar. It is based on the mechanism of irritation of skin receptors, which lead to increased blood flow, which provokes a warming effect.

The most famous ointments and gels for osteochondrosis of the spine are:

Price - 250-290 rubles.

Price - 310-320 rubles.

Price - 350-370 rubles.

Price - 200-250 rubles.

Price - 95-110 rubles.

No less important components of the treatment of osteochondrosis are chondroprotectors.

The most popular of them are:

Price - 800-850 rubles for 1 injection.

Price - 1300-1400 rubles.

Price - 1300-1500 rubles.

Price - 3800-4500 rubles.

Price - 750-850 rubles.

It is important to note that the effectiveness of chondroprotectors cannot be assessed in the first 2-3 weeks. They accumulate in the body, after which they have a beneficial effect on the state of cartilage tissue, slowing down dystrophy and destruction.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapy procedures allow you to influence the focus of pain locally, which helps to avoid the development of adverse reactions, as noted when taking medications. The use of magnetic waves, radio emission and laser contribute to the normalization of metabolic processes in cartilage tissue cells, which accelerates the regeneration process.

The use of physiotherapy at the moment when an exacerbation of osteochondrosis manifests itself allows you to quickly put a person on his feet, reduce pain and make treatment more effective and productive.

Acupuncture involves the introduction of ultra-thin needles into the human soft tissues, with the help of which an impact is made on special points that trigger regeneration processes in the body. This method quite effective, but has a lot of opponents among traditional doctors. The procedure is performed under conditions of maximum sterility by an acupuncturist.

Reflexology is based on the activation of vital points located on the body by influencing them. This practice comes from the Far East, where people live for more than 100 years without getting sick. Techniques are being studied to this day, but the fact that with the help of reflexology it is possible to slow down the process of destruction of cartilage and bone tissue, allows us to assert the effectiveness of the method.

Manual therapy includes methods of influencing the spine with the help of hands, when, under various kinds of pressure, stimulation and blood flow to the diseased area occur.

Normalization of metabolic processes contributes speedy recovery and slow down the destruction of cartilage.

Hirudotherapy involves the use of medical leeches, which are placed on the skin in the region of the diseased part of the spine. Leeches suck out some of the blood, causing new blood to flow into the area. The substances secreted together with saliva stimulate the immune system, and also help to neutralize the inflammatory process.

Exercise therapy is also an integral part of the treatment of osteochondrosis. Physical education allows you to reduce muscle tone, strengthen them, and also improve blood flow. For the cervical spine, slow tilts and turns are suitable. The thoracic spine is trained with the help of torso and arm work. The lower back is worked out with circular rotations, as well as with a bridge. The effectiveness of exercises depends on how often they are performed and how diligently they are performed.

Massage allows you to relieve tension and fatigue from the spine.

Massaging movements stimulate blood flow to the sore spot, speeding up metabolic processes and normalizing blood supply. Useful properties of massage are expressed in the following qualities:

• removal of puffiness and tension of soft tissues;
• strengthening muscles and eliminating spasm;
• increased outflow of lymph and inflow of blood saturated with oxygen;
• elimination of pain;
• improvement of the conductivity of nerve impulses;
• return of flexibility and elasticity of the spine.

Physioapparatus

Since the benefits of physiotherapy procedures are scientifically proven, most people seek to supplement their treatment with them. However, it is not always possible to attend such procedures. Therefore, it is recommended to have a portable physical apparatus that can be used at home. This is especially true for those people who suffer from chronic osteochondrosis and are constantly faced with an exacerbation of the disease. The most popular and effective among them are:

Price - 10,000-12,000 rubles.

Price - 13,000-14,000 rubles.

Price - 18,000-19,000 rubles.

Price - 10,000-12,000 rubles.

Price - 9000-10 000 rubles.

Massagers

Muscle spasm is a frequent companion of osteochondrosis, which aggravates the situation with muscle pain and stiffness of movements. It is not always possible to visit a qualified massage therapist, so you can resort to using massagers for home use.

The most effective and convenient to use are:

Price - 1200-1500 rubles.

Price - 2200-2500 rubles.

Price - 3800-3900 rubles.

Price - 2000-3000 rubles.

Price - 1900-2000 rubles.

Folk methods of treatment

Alternative medicine can be useful in the treatment of osteochondrosis, but you should not rely only on the help of nature. Some recipes can really improve the condition, but the disease without medication and integrated approach not cure.

Compresses are placed on a sore spot, wrapping it in warmth.

Their task is to reduce inflammation, as well as eliminate pain. The most famous of them are:

1. Compress from tincture of calendula - 2 tablespoons of dry calendula are taken for 50 ml of alcohol. Insist 10 days. Apply for 2-3 hours, wrapping in heat.
2. Compress from acacia tincture - 10-12 inflorescences of white acacia are taken per glass of vodka, the flowers of which are in the ovary (not completely dissolved). Insist 1-2 weeks. Apply at night.

Decoctions and infusions are necessary to eliminate the inflammatory process in the body, as well as to maintain its immunity. Well-established decoctions such as:

1. A decoction of yarrow, sage and chamomile - dry herbs are taken in equal parts, steamed and brought to a boil in a water bath. Allow to cool and take half a glass twice a day.
2. A decoction of lingonberry leaves and flax seeds - take 1 teaspoon of lingonberry leaves per tablespoon of seeds. Steamed with boiling water, let it brew. Take 1 tablespoon 3-5 times a day.

Ointments and rubbing can relieve spasm and pain in the muscles, and also make the massage less traumatic. For these purposes, propolis is used, Bee Honey and camphor oil.

Herbal baths well help to cope with extensive foci of inflammation, while hot water promotes the expansion of pores and the release of toxins through the skin. Use tinctures and decoctions of celandine, succession, sage, coltsfoot.

Spa treatment

At home, it will not be possible to achieve maximum success in the treatment of osteochondrosis. Spa treatment offers the patient to fully immerse himself in the process of recreation and therapy, which is facilitated by appropriate conditions.

In such conditions, the patient is offered to undergo a course of treatment that is highly effective, as it covers all aspects of therapy.

The most popular sanatoriums that specialize in the treatment of osteochondrosis are:

• "Oren-Crimea";
• "Tarkhany";
• "Spring";
• "Podmoskovye";
• "Dawn".

Thus, acute osteochondrosis can completely immobilize a person, so this disease should be approached responsibly. Treatment will be effective in the case when the complexity is observed. How to treat this disease correctly, the attending physician knows, whose advice is not recommended to be neglected. Exacerbated chronic ailments should be treated as planned, otherwise there is a risk of aggravating the situation.

The coccyx is the lower part of the spine, which consists of three to five fused vertebrae. It is connected to the sacrum by a joint that can be moved away physiologically only in women during childbirth. These parts of the spine are innervated by the plexuses of the same name - sacral and coccygeal, therefore, sometimes they react to pathology in the body with pain in the sacrum and coccyx.

Coccygodynia is a multi-causal pain syndrome with the following features:

• paroxysmal or constant pain;
• duration - from 20 minutes to several hours;
• aching, dull or stabbing character;
• place of origin - the area of ​​​​the perineum, rectum or anus;
• accompanied by burning and heaviness in the vagina, anus;
• pain spreads (radiates) to the vagina, groin, pubic region of the abdomen, buttocks, thighs;
• provoked by movements and pressure on the coccyx, defecation;
• pain can appear at night for no reason and go away on its own.

• Injuries - dislocation of the coccyx as a result of a fall, impact. In addition, after this, a lot of time can pass, and more often the patient is unable to suspect the cause of the pain.
• The prolapse of the internal genital organs, the weakening of the tone of the sacro-sciatic ligaments and the muscular skeleton of the perineum in women in the postpartum period cause, in addition to pain, also a burning sensation.
• Frequent constipation, diarrhea due to prolonged sitting in the toilet, as well as sitting on upholstered furniture also lead to weakening of the muscles of the perineum, and, in turn, to pain in the coccyx.
• Diseases of the musculoskeletal system due to trauma or surgery: an inflammatory process in muscle tissue(myositis), scarring around the coccyx, inflammation in the area of ​​the sacrococcygeal joint.
• Tumors, tumor-like formations.
• Hemorrhoids - varicose veins anus.
• Anus fissure is a violation of the integrity of the anal ring.

• Inflammation of fatty tissue in the rectum (paraproctitis) or the rectum itself (proctitis).
• Diseases of the spine - herniated discs between the lumbar vertebrae, inflammation of the nerve roots of the lumbosacral region.
• Inflammation or pathology of non-inflammatory origin of the sciatic nerve.
• Gynecological pathology: for example, adnexitis - inflammation of the uterine appendages (ovaries and fallopian tubes), abnormal bending of the uterus.

Among women

Burning in the sacrum and coccyx in women is a sensation of a cyclical nature with a peak of pain during menstruation associated with external endometriosis - the growth of cells of the inner layer of the body and the cervix along its back wall. My patients use a proven remedy, thanks to which you can get rid of pain in 2 weeks without much effort.

• A digital examination of the rectum reveals a semicircular cord, the massage of which leads to increased back pain. Also, this method helps to eliminate the inflammatory process, scarring, tumors of the rectum, violation of tissue integrity or muscle spasm of the anus, injuries in the coccyx or sacrococcygeal joint, impaired muscle tone and ligaments of the pelvis. Radiography of the lumbar and sacral vertebral sections, pelvic bones and hip joints.
• Ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs.
• Sigmoidoscopy - instrumental method used to exclude pathological formations in the region of the mucous membrane of the rectum and the sigmoid area.
• Anoscopy is an examination of the anus, which makes it possible to identify polyps and hemorrhoids in this area, which are difficult to reach for diagnosis with a finger method.
• Neurological examination.
• Electrophysiological study of the obturator apparatus of the rectum and the region pelvic floor used to confirm muscle spasm colon, and makes it possible to determine the motility of the final sections of the digestive tract.
• Consultations of a gynecologist or urologist.

Treatment

Treatment is aimed at eliminating the underlying disease that caused pain in the coccyx, and symptomatic therapy, i.e. anesthesia.

Physiotherapeutic methods - treatment with mud, ultrasound, infrared waves and high frequency waves.

Rectal massage and oil microclysters help relieve pain and muscle tension.

Acupuncture helps eliminate burning in the coccyx and sacrum.

Anesthetic mixture: 300 ml of medical and 10 ml of camphor alcohol, 10 powdered tablets of "Analgin", 10 ml of iodine, bring to uniformity, leave for 3 weeks and shake before use.

Sedatives: Sedavit, Corvalol, Corvalment to unload the nervous system.

Traditional medicine practices the use of herbal teas based on mint and chamomile, as well as pain relief with decoctions. medicinal plants. For example, 2 table. spoons of geranium leaves pour 1 liter of water, cook for 5 minutes and make compresses or baths coccygeal region to relieve pain.

Most radical method- removal of the coccyx - is indicated for its injury and pathological mobility. To find out the cause of burning in the sacral region, a deep examination of the patient is necessary with the exclusion of organic diseases of various organs and a careful selection of treatment methods.