home Diseases Types of mineral waters. Classification of mineral waters according to the level of mineralization. Composition of mineral water and its importance in human life

Types of mineral waters. Classification of mineral waters according to the level of mineralization. Composition of mineral water and its importance in human life

From this article you will learn how to treat various diseases with alkaline mineral waters.

Hydrocarbonate or alkaline water, with big amount bicarbonates, has a soda taste.
Chloride water, chlorine predominates, brackish to taste.
Sulfide water, sulfur predominates, tastes bitter, with a characteristic smell of sulfur (rotten eggs).
Water, mixed type, its taste depends on the containing elements.

Alkaline mineral water– this is hydrocarbonate water from springs gushing out of the ground, containing sodium, magnesium, and acidity above 7 pH. It helps the stomach and intestines work better, with the metabolism of proteins and carbohydrates, and magnesium sulfate in water helps the brain function.

Alkaline mineral water with gas: names, list

Alkaline mineral water

It is better to heal with mineral water and drink it at the springs, but not everyone can come to the springs. For those people who want to treat themselves with this water at home, it is bottled. To better preserve water, it is saturated carbon dioxide.

Sparkling water saves everything beneficial features, but people who suffer from stomach ulcers and gastritis (high acidity) should not drink it, or they need to release the gas bubbles from the water and then drink it.

There are mineral waters in nature, containing carbon dioxide, which no need to carbonate. This waters of such resorts:

Polyana Kvasova, Shayan (Transcarpathia, Ukraine)
Borjomi (Georgia)
Essentuki, Zheleznovodsk (Stavropol Territory)
Kislovodsk
Shmakovka (near Vladivostok)
Shivanda (near Chita)
Shivia (near Sretensk)
Arshan (in Buryatia)

Alkaline mineral water without gas: names, list

Alkaline mineral water

All alkaline mineralized waters are divided into:

Dining rooms, salt capacity up to 3 g/l (everyone can drink)
Medical canteens– salts 3-10 g/l, can be drunk for a short time
Medicinal, salts 10-35 g/l, drink only if prescribed by a doctor

Note. Alkaline mineralized water is sometimes called “living” water.

Alkaline mineralized water contains: bicarbonates, sodium and more.

Alkaline water useful at:

Benefits of Alkaline Water:

Eliminates heartburn
Removes mucus from the digestive organs
Removes toxins from the body
Destroys some small stones and expels sand from the gall and Bladder

When treating with mineral water at a resort, doctors calculate the amount of water to drink and the time, individually for each patient. On average, people drink medicinal water about 600 ml per day.

Alkaline mineral water for treatment you can drink no more than 600 g

In hospitals you need to adhere to other rules for proper drinking of medicinal water:

To prevent disease - 0.5 hour before meals
For stomach ulcers - after eating
For gastritis (reduced acidity) - during meals
For gastritis (high acidity) – 1-1.5 hours before meals
If you have stomach discomfort, you should drink warm water; for other illnesses, drink it at room temperature.
Proper drinking of water - slowly, sipping little by little
When exacerbations of the disease occur, you should stop drinking water and listen to the advice of your doctor.

Diseases in which you can't drink alkaline water:

Stones in the kidneys and urinary tract
Severe diabetes mellitus
Children under 3 years old

Slightly alkaline mineral waters: names

Mineral water, slightly alkaline

Slightly alkaline mineral waters are all alkaline table waters (mineralization up to 3 g/l).

Hydrocarbonate water "Bukovynska"(mineralization 1.1-1.2 g/l) contains a lot of iodine. Recommended by her treat people with the following diseases:

Water contraindicated for those who are sick:

Heart defect
Migraine
Arthritis, gout

Is the mineral water “Lipetskaya”, “Borjomi”, “Narzan” alkaline?

Slightly alkaline water "Lipetskaya" chloride-sulfate with sodium.

Mineral waters near Lipetsk were discovered at the end of the 19th century.

Now they are bottling medical dining room water “Lipetskaya” (mineralization 3.0-4.5 g/l) under the following names:

"Lipetsk pump room"
"Lipetskaya"

And dining room water (mineralization 0.4-1.0 g/l):

"Lipetsk Classic"
"Lipetsk pump room 1"

Lipetsk slightly alkaline mineral water

Water from Lipetsk springs are being treated:

Contraindications:

Drinking for a long time
Temporarily do not drink during acute illnesses

Mineral water "Borjomi"– one of the best alkaline waters (mineralization 5.5-7.5 g/l). In addition to bicarbonates (90%), water is rich in:

Boron and fluorine
Magnesium and sodium
Aluminum and calcium

Alkaline mineral water "Borjomi"

"Borjomi" are being treated:

Gastritis and ulcers in the stomach and duodenum
Colitis
Pancreatitis
Impaired metabolism
Colds
Salt deposition in joints

Contraindicated use for:

Pain in the heart
Gastritis (reduced acidity)
stones in bile ducts and liver

"Narzan"- sulfate-hydrocarbonate water containing sodium, calcium, medicinal table water. Its mineralization is 2.0-3.5 g/l.

Alkaline mineralized water “Narzan” belongs to the Kislovodsk deposit.

Alkaline mineral water "Narzan"

"Narzan" such ailments are treated:

Gastritis (high and normal acidity)
Ulcer in the stomach
Inflammation of the liver and bile ducts
Pancreatitis
Rehabilitation period after surgery for gastric ulcer
Diabetes
Cystitis, urethritis and other urinary tract diseases
Small stones in the ureter
Helps fight obesity

Contraindications:

Exacerbation of various diseases
Hypertension
Failure associated with the kidneys, heart
Gastritis (low acidity)

How to choose the best alkaline mineral water?

Alkaline mineral water

Mineral water cannot quench your thirst, unless low-mineralized table water does no harm, and even then if you drink it for a short time.

Mineral water is prescribed by a doctor according to indications for existing diseases.

Note. If you have an exacerbation of the disease, you need to refrain from drinking medicinal water for some time.

Mineral water "Luzhanskaya"(Transcarpathia), hydrocarbonates 96-100% (mineralization 3.6-4.3 g/l). In addition, it also includes:

Magnesium
Silicon
Potassium
Calcium

Water "Luzhanskaya" good for reducing high acidity in the stomach, also she relieves heaviness and bloating, helps lose weight.

Contraindications:

Gastritis (reduced acidity)
Hypothyroidism

Hydrocarbonate water "Essentuki 4"(mineralization 7-10 g/l). Fine helps sick stomach, kidneys, endocrine gland.

Contraindication is reduced. acidity in the stomach, frequent diarrhea, bleeding, some kidney diseases.

Use of alkaline mineral water for gout: recipes

Alkaline mineral water helps with gout

Gout is an arthritis that develops growths on the affected joints of the fingers and toes.. People suffer from it along a hereditary line, as well as those whose diet contains a lot of acid products, which are converted in the body into lactic (uric) acid, which settles in the joints of the limbs.

These are the following products:

Gout is treated with anti-inflammatory pills, diet, alkaline mineral water which helps restore the body alkaline balance, and washes out lactic acid and toxins from it.

To treat gout, in support of prescribed medications, doctors advise the following: types of alkaline waters Russia and neighboring countries:

The use of alkaline mineral water for pancreatitis: recipes

Alkaline mineral water helps the inflamed pancreas

Pancreatitis treated with alkaline waters of weak and medium mineralization. They drink water without gas, slightly warmed up to correspond to body temperature, since cold water can increase inflammation, and hot temperatures can cause swelling of the organ.

During exacerbations of the disease, fasting is recommended; you can only drink warm medicinal water.

If the exacerbation has passed, you can begin to eat dietary dishes and drink warm medicinal water with meals.

For pancreatitis you need stick to next diets:

Dairy, fruit soups with cereals in vegetable broth
Boiled lean meat and lean fish
Lactic acid products and cottage cheese (low-fat)
Boiled vegetables
Liquid porridge
Non-acidic pureed fruits
Yesterday's bread
A little vegetable oil

Alkaline water affects the inflamed pancreas in the following ways::

Relieves inflammation
Removes spasmodic conditions
Poor pain relief

Long-term intake of mineral water, as prescribed by a doctor, improves the passage of bile.

The following help the inflamed pancreas: water types:

Use of alkaline mineral water for gastritis: recipes

Alkaline mineral water for gastritis (high acidity)

Some types of alkaline mineral waters help with gastritis (high acidity)

With gastritis with increased secretion, a lot of hydrochloric acid is released in the stomach, and it often irritates the stomach. The purpose of alkaline water is to extinguish excess acid.

In this case, drink water 1 hour before meals, warm. While the food arrives in the stomach, the medicinal water will have time to extinguish the excess acid.

The following are suitable types of alkaline waters:

Alkaline mineral water for gastritis (low acidity)

Other types of alkaline mineral waters help with gastritis (lower acidity)

With reduced acidity in the stomach of hydrochloric acid little is produced. Alkaline water helps acid break down food, she is appointed before meals, 15-20 minutes, room temperature.

For low acidity, slightly alkaline and sodium chloride waters are suitable. This such names:

Using alkaline mineral water for inhalation with a nebulizer: recipes

Alkaline mineral water is used for inhalation with a nebulizer

Inhalations are very popular for colds and frequent bronchitis for children and adults to quickly get rid of cough and malaise.

Applying nebulizer - a device for spraying liquid, you can successfully do inhalations with alkaline mineral water, herbal decoctions even a baby. Inhalations with alkaline water are especially effective for removing phlegm..

In the first days of illness, the doctor prescribes up to 7-8 inhalations per day. As the patient's condition improves, inhalations are reduced to 2-3. A few days of such inhalations and the patient is cured.

In order to achieve maximum effect from inhalation, after the procedure you need to wrap up your sore throat, do not eat or talk for at least 1 hour.

Suitable for inhalation: types of alkaline waters:

"Borjomi"
"Narzan"
"Essentuki"

To do 1 inhalation requires 2-5 ml of water.

At normal temperature body inhalations can be prescribed every 2 hours. It also needs to be taken into account that inhalations are not recommended immediately after meals, it should take at least an hour and a half.

Inhalation lasts:

Children 3 minutes
Adults 10 minutes

Contraindications for inhalation use:

Increased body temperature (more than 37°C)
Frequent nosebleeds
Hypertension
Vascular and heart diseases

What manufacturer and what alkaline mineral waters are located in Belarus, Russia, Georgia, Ukraine?

Alkaline mineral waters of Russia

Mineral waters of Russia

Less chlorine and sodium “Essentuki 4” and “Essentuki 17”
Less – sulfates, sodium, calcium “Slavyanovskaya” (Stavropol Territory)
Less – sulfates, sodium, calcium with natural carbon dioxide “Smirnovskaya” (Stavropol Territory)
Slightly alkaline “Lastochka” (Primorsky Territory)

Alkaline mineral waters of Ukraine

Mineral waters of Ukraine with large hydrocarbonate content:

Less – sodium “Luzhanskaya”
Less sodium, boron, with natural carbon dioxide “Polyana Kvasova”
Less sodium, boron “Svalyavskaya”
Less chlorine, sodium “Dragovskaya”

Mineral waters of Georgia with large hydrocarbonate content:

Less – sodium “Borjomi”, “Sairme”, “Nabeghlavi”

Mineral waters of Azerbaijan with large hydrocarbonate content:

Less – sodium “Sirabskaya”
Less chlorine, sodium “Isti-Su”

Mineral waters of Moldova with large hydrocarbonate content:

Less – sodium (without gas) “Korneshtskaya”

Slightly alkaline mineral waters of Armenia containing hydrocarbonates:

Less – sodium “Dilijan”
Less chlorine, sodium “Arzni”
Less – sulfates, sodium, silicates “Jermuk”

Low alkaline mineral waters of Belarus containing hydrocarbonates:

Chloride with sodium "Minskaya", medicinal table

So, now we know that some diseases can be treated with alkaline mineral water, and you can drink it every day, but not for long - for preventive purposes.

Video: Alkaline mineral waters for gout. Mineral water for gout. Gout remedy

The Greek physician Archigenes, who lived in the 1st century BC, was the first to state that healing power groundwater lies in their composition. He even systematized them, dividing them into four types. Today, everyone knows that the power of water is directly related to its content.

What is mineral water

With a high content of salts and microelements. Its properties help maintain the body in good shape and treat a number of diseases. Bottled, it must contain up to 1000 solid particles per liter (a million particles of its own weight) - that is, mineralization must be above 1 g/l or contain an amount of active microelements not lower than balneological standards (new Russian GOST). Mineral table water differs from other types of bottled water in the constant amount of various elements in the source. They are delivered to the surface of the earth using boreholes, the depth of which can reach two kilometers or even more. In the territory Russian Federation Today there are more than a thousand springs with mineral waters.

What groups is it divided into?

Increased concentration of biologically active substances in water and mineral salts, allows you to divide water into three groups.

Medicinal-8-10 g/l.
Medicinal table-mineral water -2-8 g/l.
Natural mineral (table) is filled with mineral salts of no more than 1 g/l.

Table water is drunk in any quantity. It has no taste, no foreign odors, is pleasant and soft, has a neutral composition that cannot cause harm to the body when used. excessive consumption, in contrast to medicinal and medicinal table waters, which must be drunk only after consulting a doctor.

Not mineral waters

Incompetence in this matter often leads to the fact that the buyer, not paying attention to the price tag with a description of the product, purchases a product that is completely useless to his body. Mineralized and carbonated have significant differences. They're just different. And the manufacturer must indicate this in the information on the label. Everything in mineralized water active substances and minerals are added artificially. It is simply impossible to recreate the natural balance of substances in real mineral waters, so you can, of course, drink such “unnatural” water, but you should not expect any special benefits from it for the body.

Natural water classes

We found that table mineral water has a certain concentration of minerals, is absolutely safe for health, suitable for daily use and has no side effects. Now it should be noted that mineral waters differ in their composition, effect on the human body and are divided into different classes.

Hydrocarbonate sulfate

It is also a mineral-organic medical canteen. Helps in the treatment of kidney disease. The most common ones are Borjomi and Narzan. Borjomi has a number of useful to the body microelements, there is chlorine, sodium and a large amount of calcium, there is sulfur, potassium, magnesium, fluorine, boron, silicon. There is also titanium, aluminum and strontium in small proportions. In small doses, this healing water even contains sulfur. Medicinal table mineral water "Narzan" has no less valuable composition. It is based on magnesium, calcium and sodium. Strontium, manganese, zinc, boron and iron are found in lower concentrations here.

Chloride-sulfate

Shown when chronic pathologies intestines with complications in its reflex activity. This is very useful for obesity, diabetes and biliary tract diseases. Particularly popular in this category are “Essentuki-17” and “Ekateringofskaya” water. The taste of the water is soda-salty, and the smell is completely unpleasant, something reminiscent of a rotten egg, but the mineralization (and therefore medicinal properties) is high, and it contains boron, bromine, iron, arsenic and many other biologically active elements.

Bicarbonate sulfate calcium

This medicinal table mineral water is prescribed for chronic intestinal pathologies, peptic ulcers of the stomach and duodenum, as well as a number of other diseases, in particular enterocolitis and colitis. This class also includes “Borjomi”, “Narzan”, “Essentuki No. 20” and “Smirnovskaya” water.

“Smirnovskaya” - medicinal table water with a low degree of mineralization (3-4 g/l) is rich in sodium, magnesium, calcium, chloride, sulfate and bicarbonate. Like other waters of this class, it can be consumed for a long time (but only in certain quantities) and is indicated exclusively for medicinal purposes. It is important to avoid drinking this water in case of exacerbation of the above diseases.

“Essentuki No. 20” is distinguished by its unique origin. The value of water lies in its exceptional natural purity, which does not require any additional purification. Extracted only from Due to the excellent taste and natural origin of water, it can be consumed without any restrictions. The composition contains sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, as well as chloride, sulfate and bicarbonate. They claim that daily consumption this water helps to cope even with such delicate issue like sexual impotence.

Hydrocarbonate-chloride-sulfate

Prescribed for such pathologies in the body as decreased gastric secretion and gastritis. Such medicinal waters include “Essentuki No. 17”, “Essentuki No. 4”, “Narzan”, “Azovskaya”. The composition of Essentuki No. 4 mineral water is distinguished by a rather dense concentration of mineral salts (7-10 g/l). It is saturated with bicarbonates, potassium, sodium and chlorides, and contains calcium, sulfates and magnesium. To preserve all medicinal properties, water is bottled directly at the place of its extraction. Using a special mineral pipeline, it goes through three stages of filtration, without coming into contact with air at all, for the complete preservation of all volatile substances in it.

Hydrocarbonate water

Depending on the method of its use, it helps stimulate or slow down gastric secretion. Most often used for treatment urolithiasis. Hydrocarbonate waters are ideal for those who love sports, as they help quickly restore the reserve level of alkali in the body when hard work muscles. It is not recommended to drink them throughout the day, but a few sips before starting a workout and a couple of glasses at the end will help the body quickly recover. The most famous brands are Borjomi and Essentuki No. 17.

Sulphate water

Helps with the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. It is used for chronic hepatitis, diabetes, obesity. Mineral water contains calcium, sodium, magnesium, and chlorine. This so-called bitter water promotes the production of bile and excretion from the body. bad cholesterol And toxic substances. The most popular brands in this class are “Essentuki No. 4”, “Borjomi”, “Essentuki No. 17”, “Smirnovskaya”, “Ekateringofskaya”, “Berezovskaya” and other brands.

How to choose the right water

Absolutely all table mineral water has healing properties. Its names indicate a number of qualities that affect the body in a special way. This should be known and taken into account when purchasing. For example, Essentuki No. 4 water is drunk according to a specially defined scheme. 30-40 minutes before the first meal in the morning (on an empty stomach), drink one glass, the same volume should be drunk before lunch, and the third can be consumed in the evening, immediately after coming from work. During the time it takes for dinner to be prepared, the water will have time to absorb and prepare digestive tract to work. If you cannot follow the regimen completely, you can only stick to morning and evening doses. The main thing here is compliance important rule: drink water half an hour, maximum an hour, before meals. What is important here is the cumulative effect and results after a month positive impact on the body will definitely become visible.

Russian table mineral waters are available for sale in a very large assortment. Below we list the main ones that taste good and are most often used as a daily table drink.

- "Karmadon" - refers to medicinal, but is often used as a dining room, characterized by a high content of bicarbonates.

- “Kuyalnik” - extracted from a source located in Odessa, has a pleasant taste and helps in the treatment of many chronic pathologies.

- “Alma-Ata” - its source is located near the Ili River, not far from the city of Almaty, it is used as a dining room, but is especially useful for diseases of the liver and stomach.

- “Borjomi” is a world-famous carbonated mineral water that tastes great and quenches thirst well.

- “Kyiv” - processed with silver ions, produced at an experimental plant, and is in good demand among buyers.

- “Kishinevskaya” - low-mineralized water, ideal for daily use, useful due to its sulfate-hydrocarbonate-magnesium-sodium-calcium composition.

- “Narzan” is another world-famous table mineral water, the source is located in Kislovodsk. It is perfectly refreshing and is highly valued by consumers due to a number of healing properties.

- “Polyustrovskaya” - known since 1718. The source is located near the city of St. Petersburg. Thanks to its high iron content, it quickly increases and normalizes the level of hemoglobin in the blood, fights loss of strength and anemia.

- “Kherson” is another ferruginous water, low-mineralized, can be consumed daily, but is especially recommended for loss of strength and anemia.

- “Kharkovskaya” - available in two types, No. 1 and No. 2, is effective in case of metabolic disorders, has a somewhat unusual taste, and is good after serving hot dishes.

- “Essentuki” is the famous table carbonated mineral water, the numbering on the bottles occurs according to its sources of origin, which are located at the famous resort and in the Stavropol Territory.

- “Essentuki No. 20” is mineralized water, has a sour taste of carbon dioxide, and is positioned as a medicinal and table water.

- “Obolonskaya” - water with excellent taste, chloride-hydrocarbonate-sodium-magnesium, an excellent option as a table water.

- “Sairme” - often used for obesity and poor metabolism, tastes good, the source is located at the resort of the same name in Georgia.

High-quality table mineral water must meet a number of standards.

Extracted only from natural source and spill in the immediate vicinity of it.
Be officially registered.
Sold only in its original form. Without the use of other cleaning methods. The use of filters is permissible only in exceptional situations, for example, in the presence of undesirable substances in the composition and to remove mechanical impurities.

You can distinguish high-quality mineral water from ordinary drinking water using GOST or TU, which each manufacturer must indicate on the label:

The old GOST 13273-88 and the new GOST 54316-2011 are real natural mineral water;

- well number and TU 9185 (other numbers may change) also indicate the quality of the water;

The inscription TU 0131 indicates that this is ordinary drinking water.

Myths and legends have brought to us from the most distant times evidence that the waters of healing springs have been used since time immemorial. The ancient Greeks, for example, believed that Hercules gained his heroic strength by bathing in a magical spring in the Caucasus, so at one time the mythical hero was even considered the patron of healing waters.

Mineral water

IN ancient times the Greeks built sanctuaries dedicated to the god Asclepius near healing springs (the Romans built temples in honor of Aesculapius in similar places). In Greece, archaeologists have discovered the ruins of an ancient hydropathic clinic, built around the 6th century BC. e.

The remains of ancient baths are also found here in the Caucasus, where they not only bathed, but also were treated with mineral waters. Oral traditions were passed down from generation to generation about miraculous properties waters gushing out of the ground here. The names of many sources indicate this. Hak, “Narzan” (“Nart-sana”) translated from Balkar means “heroic drink”.

The healing power of groundwater was a mystery to ancient people.

It was sometimes attributed to some mysterious creatures that allegedly lived in the springs. However, scientific attempts have also been made to explain the effectiveness of mineral waters. Greek physician Archigenes, who lived in the 1st century AD. e., one of the first in the world to claim that the secret of groundwater is in its composition. He even began to systematize waters, dividing them into four groups: alkaline, ferruginous, salty and sulfurous.

About two thousand years have passed since then. Today no one doubts that the power of these waters is due to the substances they contain. Some substances are contained in mineral waters in the form of ions, others in the form of undissociated molecules, and others are colloidal particles. Of course, different mineral waters differ from each other and in their composition. components and their ratio. Some of these “living waters” are suitable for drinking, others for medicinal baths.

The history of the study and use of mineral waters in Russia is connected with the name of Peter I. By his order, the first hydrotherapy resort in Russia was built on the Marcial (ferruginous) waters in Zaonezhye. Peter I himself was repeatedly treated with these waters, and on his order the first “Doctor’s Rules on how to act with these waters” were drawn up.

The most famous hydrotherapy resort in the USSR, which is also of global importance, is the Caucasian Mineral Waters, where a wonderful climate is combined with a large number of sources of the most varied composition. The date of origin of the resort on the Caucasian mineral waters is considered to be 1803, when a doctor was sent here, and a fortress was already built at the Narzan spring - the embryo of the future city of Kislovodsk.

In 1823 Professor-pharmacologist A.P. Nelyubin was sent to the Caucasus, who, after painstaking research, created a major work “Complete historical, medical-topographical, physical-chemical and medical description of the Caucasian mineral waters. Studying mineral composition The waters were produced by the outstanding chemist N.N. Zinin, and the famous clinician, founder of the Moscow therapeutic school G.A. Zakharyin spoke not only about the beneficial effects of waters at resorts, but also about the benefits of bottled waters in the clinic and at home.

A.S. Pushkin visited the Caucasian mineral waters twice - in 1820 and 1829. on the way to Arzrum. Remembering his first visit, Pushkin wrote:

“... the baths were in hastily built shacks. The springs, mostly in their primitive form, bubbled up, smoked and flowed down from the mountains in different directions, leaving behind white and reddish traces. We scooped boiling water with a bark ladle or the bottom of a broken bottle..."

Back in the middle of the 19th century, treatment in the Caucasian mineral waters, according to tradition, was as follows: first “ dead water" - at the sulfur springs of Pyatigorsk, then with "living water" - in Zheleznovodsk and completed the course in Kislovodsk with "Narzan", which they took in incredible quantities - 30 or more glasses per day!

Only since 1920, When, by decision of the Soviet government, the State Balneological Institute was created in Pyatigorsk, a systematic and comprehensive study of the effects of natural mineral waters began in our country. Nowadays, these issues are being developed in the institutes of balneology in Moscow, Sverdlovsk, Tomsk, Ukraine, Georgia, and Armenia.

In the area of Pyatigorsk, Kislovodsk, Essentuki, Zheleznovodek there are about 80 springs with water of 21 types. They provide about 10 million liters of water per day. Both here and abroad, everyone knows “Narzan”, “Essentuki No. 4”, “Essentuki No. 17”, “Smirnovskaya”, “Batalinskaya” and other mineral waters. There is no other place in the world where so many sources are concentrated in a small space; diverse in composition and completely different in their effects on the human body.

So, the healing properties of mineral waters are determined primarily by how much salts they contain. This characteristic is called mineralization and is extremely diverse. For example, the “Darasun” mineral water contains only 2 g of salts per 1 liter, the famous “Narzan” - 4 g. This group of mineral waters is called medicinal table waters (mineralization within 2-8 g/l). Such waters can sometimes be used as table drinks.

Along with an increase in salt concentration, the properties and purpose of mineral waters change significantly. In 1 liter of the well-known water “Essentuki No. 17” there are about 12 g of salts, the mineralization of “Batalinskaya” is 20 g/l, and “Lugela” is up to 52 g/l. These mineral waters have a very significant effect on the human body. strong effect, therefore they belong to the group of medicinal ones. They drink them as prescribed by the doctor and in strictly prescribed quantities. Thus, a single dose of the unique Lugela water is only one tablespoon or even a teaspoon.

The label affixed to a bottle of mineral water usually indicates chemical composition water and the amount of main components. Dissolved salts are represented by electrically charged particles - ions. As you know, ions can carry positive or negative charges, and, depending on this, are called either cations or anions.

The healing properties of mineral water and its chemical essence are determined by six main ions: three cations - sodium, calcium, magnesium and three anions - chlorine, sulfate and bicarbonate. The entire variety of mineral waters is largely created by the various combinations of these magnificent six!

So, for example, the group that includes “Borjomi”, “Dilijan”, “Nabeghlavi”, in which hydrocarbonate ions and sodium ions predominate, is called the group of sodium bicarbonate waters. In everyday life they are also called in the old fashioned way - soda, or alkaline .

If sodium ions are combined with chlorine ions, then the water belongs to the group of sodium chloride, or salty, mineral waters. This group includes “Mirgorodskaya” and “Rostovskaya”. The combination of sodium, chlorine and bicarbonate gives a group of hydrocarbonate-chloride sodium mineral waters (they are also called “salt-alkaline”): “Essentuki M” 4,” “Essentuki No. 17,” “Arzni.” But “Narzan” contains four main ions: magnesium, calcium, bicarbonate and sulfate, which is why it is called “sulfate-bicarbonate magnesium-calcium mineral water.”

Carbon dioxide, or carbonic anhydride, or what we used to call “carbon dioxide” - makes mineral water pleasant to the taste; sparkling water quenches thirst better.

We can say that it is thanks to carbon dioxide that many healing mineral waters are formed in giant underground laboratories: dissolved carbon dioxide acts on the surrounding rocks, resulting in the formation of calcium, magnesium and sodium hydrocarbonates. CO2 owes its birth to such wonderful waters as Narzan, Dilijan, Essentuki, Borjomi and many others.

Carbon dioxide is also needed to stabilize the chemical composition of mineral waters, so before bottling, the water is additionally saturated with carbon dioxide to preserve its healing properties.

We can say with complete confidence that in addition to the six main ions mentioned, almost the entire periodic table is present in mineral waters. Those elements that are contained in very small quantities are called microelements and even ultramicroelements. Among them are iron, cobalt, molybdenum, arsenic, fluorine, manganese, copper, iodine, bromine, lithium. Including with clearly expressed pharmacological action- , arsenic, iodine and bromine.

Iron is found in many mineral waters of Siberia and the Caucasus.

The highest amount of iron is in the above-mentioned “Marcial” waters - up to 70 mg/l. The presence of iron makes even water with very low mineralization, for example, “Polustrovo” (less than 1 g/l), healing. If the iron content reaches 20 mg/l, then the water is considered “ferrous” and is prescribed to people suffering from anemia.

Arsenic is a substance with pronounced toxic and pharmacological properties.

Mineral waters containing 0.7 mg/l of arsenic and higher have a specific therapeutic effect and are classified as arsenic mineral waters. “Avadhara”, “TurshSu”, “Jermuk” are medicinal table waters, they contain no more than 1.5 mg/l of arsenic. Among the arsenic mineral waters, Chvizhepse water, or Sochi Narzan, also appeared.

Among drinking mineral waters there are also bromine waters.

(As you know, bromine is used in the treatment of nervous system disorders.) Among them, “Lugela” and “Talitskaya” are used only as prescribed by a doctor, and “Nizhne-Serginskaya” is a medical canteen. The lower the mineralization of water and the less chlorides it contains, the more pronounced the effect of bromine on the human body is. The group of iodine waters includes “Azovskaya” and “Semigorskaya”. Iodine is an important trace element and plays a large role in the functioning of the thyroid gland.

Drinking mineral waters also contain organic substances.

The organic composition of mineral waters is still largely unexplored. It is to him that Naftusya, the mineral water of the Truskavets resort, most likely owes its healing powers.

According to the chemical composition, there are six classes of mineral waters: hydrocarbonate, chloride, sulfate, mixed, biologically active and carbonated. Based on temperature, mineral waters are divided into cold (up to 20 °C), subthermal (20-37 °C), thermal (37 - 42 °C) and hyperthermal (over 42 °C).

The technology for bottled bottling of mineral waters necessarily includes saturation with carbon dioxide up to 0.3-0.4% through asbestos, plate or ceramic filters. According to requirements state standard, mineral water is a colorless liquid, without foreign, unusual odors and tastes. Mineral water is bottled on powerful automatic and semi-automatic lines into bottles, usually with a capacity of 0.5 and 0.33 liters. Each bottle must have a label indicating the release date and description. By special permit, for some waters it is allowed to be released without labels - “Narzan”, “Kyiv”, and the necessary data is indicated on the crown.

It should be noted that one cannot expect any miraculous effect from medicinal mineral waters. At correct use them, with simultaneous adherence to diet and general regimen, with the exception of unnecessarily irritating factors (primarily alcohol), the consumption of mineral waters gives good results.

Bottled mineral waters are, however, increasingly used as table waters. This is explained by their pleasant taste, carbon dioxide saturation and a number of other advantages over fresh water. When we sweat profusely, our body loses a significant amount of salts through sweat. Consumption of fresh water does not compensate for these losses; for this reason, an undesirable depletion of the body in salts may occur.

It has been established that workers in hot shops sweat less when quenching their thirst with salted rather than fresh water. But mineral water is such salted water, but its composition, in addition to table salt, also includes other salts necessary for the body. Not to mention the fact that the sanitary condition of bottled mineral water is always impeccable.

The main condition for using mineral waters as table waters is their low mineralization, since the use of highly mineralized waters can lead to undesirable results.

Taking into account the effects of mineral waters on the body, it can be assumed that sodium chloride type waters with a mineralization of no higher than 4-4.5 g/l should be used as table waters; for hydrocarbonate waters this limit is about 6 g/l, and for waters of mixed composition it is between the indicated values. Reasonable use of mineral table waters has a beneficial effect on the body.

Mineral waters of our country.

"Avadhara"

Carbon dioxide ferrous hydrocarbonate-sodium mineral water of the Borjomi type. Contains arsenic in an amount of 1.2 mg/l. Recommended for the treatment of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, urinary tract. Can only be used as directed by a doctor. The source is located 16 km from the high mountain lake Ritsa in the Abkhaz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

"Alma-Ata"

Chloride-sulfate, sodium mineral medicinal water. Recommended for stomach and liver diseases. Can also be used as a dining room. The source is located on the bank of the river. Or, 165 km from Almaty (Ayak-Kalkan resort).

"Amurskaya"

Carbon dioxide ferrous bicarbonate-calcium magnesium-sodium water. It is similar to the Darasun water, widely known in Transbaikalia, but has a higher mineralization. Good for the treatment of chronic catarrhs of the stomach and intestines, chronic inflammation of the bladder and renal pelvis. Source (Kisly Klyuch) - in the Amur region.

"Arzni"-medicinal and table carbonic chloride bicarbonate-sodium mineral water. It has a pleasant sour taste. Indicated in the treatment of the digestive system, liver and urinary tract. Source at the Arzni resort, in the gorge of the river. Hrazdan, 24 km from Yerevan.

"Arshan"

Carbon dioxide bicarbonate-sulfate calcium-magnesium water of medium mineralization. A close analogue of the Kislovodsk “Narzan”. Can also be used as table water. The source is on the territory of the Arshan resort, 220 km from Irkutsk.

"Achaluki"

Hydrocarbonate-sodium mineral water of low mineralization with a high content of sulfates. The source is located in the village. Middle Achaluki, 45 km from Grozny (Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic). A pleasant, thirst-quenching table drink.

"Badamlinskaya"

Carbon dioxide bicarbonate sodium-calcium mineral water of low mineralization. The source is 2 km from the village. Badamly, Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. It is famous as an excellent table drink, refreshing and well quenching thirst.

This water is also used for catarrhal diseases stomach, intestines and urinary tract.

"Batalinskaya"

Bitter, highly mineralized water with a high content of magnesium sulfate and sodium sulfate is known as a very effective laxative. Distinguished by its soft action and does not cause pain. Source - near the station. Inozemtsevo, 9 km from Pyatigorsk.

"Berezovskaya"

Hydrocarbonate calcium-sodium-magnesium low-mineralized water with a high content of organic substances. Regulates gastrointestinal secretion and increases diuresis. The springs are 25 km from Kharkov.

"Borjomi"

Carbon dioxide sodium bicarbonate alkaline mineral water. Doctors recommend it to people suffering from stomach diseases and duodenum, accompanied, as a rule, by increased acidity and disturbances of water-salt metabolism. "Borjomi" is prescribed for inflammatory processes upper respiratory tract and gastric mucosa, congestion in the gallbladder and bile ducts.

"Borjomi"

is a world-famous mineral water, very pleasant to the taste, and perfectly quenches thirst. Its source is located in the Georgian SSR, on the territory of the Borjomi resort.

"Bukovinskaya"

Ferrous sulfate calcium water low mineralization. Known in the western regions of Ukraine as good remedy for diseases gastrointestinal tract, liver and anemia. Can be used as table water.

"Burkut"

Carbon dioxide bicarbonate-chloride calcium-sodium mineral water. A pleasant table drink. Also used for chronic catarrhs stomach and intestines. The source is located in the river gorge. Shtifulets, in the Ivano-Frankivsk region.

"Vytautas"

Chloride-sulfate sodium-magnesium mineral water, the source of which is located on the banks of the Neman (Lithuanian SSR). Used in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver and biliary tract.

"Valmiera"

Sodium-calcium chloride water comes from a deep well on the territory of the Valmiera meat processing plant (Latvian SSR). Total mineralization 6.2. Used in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

"Hot key"

Chloride-bicarbonate sodium mineral water of medium mineralization from source No. 68 of the Goryachiy Klyuch resort, located 65 km from Krasnodar. Its composition is close to Essentuki No. 4 water. It is very famous in Kuban as a good remedy for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and as a table drink.

"Darasun"

Carbon dioxide ferrous hydrocarbonate-calcium-magnesium water with high content free carbon dioxide. Its source is located on the territory of one of the oldest resorts in Siberia, Darasun, in the Crimean district of the Chita region. Water “Darasun” (translated as “Red Water”) is close in composition to Kislovodsk “Narzan”, but differs from it almost complete absence sulfates and less mineralization. Widely known in Transbaikalia as an excellent refreshing table drink. It is also used for medicinal purposes for stomach catarrh, chronic colitis and cystitis, and phosphaturia.

"Jermuk"

Carbon dioxide bicarbonate sulfate-sodium mineral water. The hot spring is located in the high mountain resort of Jermuk, 175 km from Yerevan. It is a fairly close analogue of the famous waters of the Czechoslovak resort of Karlovy Vary, but differs from them in lower mineralization and higher calcium content. It is also close in composition to the waters “Slavyanovskaya” and “Smirnovskaya”.

Water "Jermuk"

A very effective remedy for the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, biliary and urinary tracts. Can also be used as table mineral water.

"Dilijan"

Carbon dioxide sodium bicarbonate mineral water, similar in chemical composition to Borjomi, but with lower mineralization. Used for diseases of the digestive and urinary tract. Indicated for catarrh of the stomach, mainly with high acidity.

"Dragovskaya"

-carbonic bicarbonate-chloride sodium water of medium mineralization. The chemical composition is close to Essentuki No. 4 mineral water. The source is located on the right bank of the Tereblya River in the Transcarpathian region. It is successfully used in the treatment of chronic diseases of the stomach, intestines, liver, biliary tract, obesity, and mild forms of diabetes.

"Druskininkai"

Sodium chloride mineral water. It is used for chronic catarrhs of the stomach mainly with low acidity, intestinal catarrh. The Spalis spring is located on the territory of the ancient resort of Druskininkai, 140 km from Vilnius.

"Essentuki"

General Name of a group of medicinal and table mineral waters, numbered according to their sources of origin, located in the Stavropol Territory, at the Essentuki resort.

"Essentuki No. 4"

Carbon dioxide bicarbonate-chloride-sodium medicinal water of medium mineralization. Recommended for diseases of the stomach, intestines, liver, gall bladder, and urinary tract. Has a beneficial effect on metabolic processes, causing a shift acid-base balance to the alkaline side.

"Essentuki No. 17"

Carbon dioxide bicarbonate-chloride sodium water of high mineralization. It is used with great success for the same diseases as “Essentuki No. 4” (except for diseases of the urinary tract), and sometimes in combination with it.

"Essentuki No. 20"

-- table mineral water, belonging to the type of low-mineralized sulfate bicarbonate calcium-magnesium waters. Bitter-salty taste, with a sourish aftertaste of carbon dioxide.

"Izhevskaya"

Sulfate-chloride-sodium-calcium-magnesium mineral water. Recommended for the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, as well as metabolic disorders. Can also be used as a table drink. The source is located 2 km from the Izhevsk Mineral Waters resort in the village of Izhevka, Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

"IstiSu"

Carbon dioxide hydrocarbonate-chloride sodium water of medium mineralization with a high content of sulfates of the hot spring of the Isti-Su resort, located 25 km from the regional center of Kelbajary (Azerbaijan SSR) at an altitude of 2225 m above sea level.
"Isti-Su" belongs to terminal waters and is similar in composition to the waters of the Karlovy Vary resort in Czechoslovakia. The healing properties of this water have been known since ancient times. Indications for treatment with Isti-Su water are chronic catarrh and functional disorders of the stomach and intestines, chronic diseases of the liver, gall bladder, gout, obesity, mild forms of diabetes.

"Karmadon"

Sodium chloride thermal mineral water with a high content of bicarbonates. It is classified as medicinal, but can also be used as a table drink. Indicated in the treatment of chronic catarrhs of the stomach, mainly with low acidity, and chronic catarrhs of the intestines. The source is located 35 km from Ordzhonikidze.

"Kemeri"

Chloride sodium-calcium-magnesium mineral water from a source located in the resort of Kemeri in the Latvian SSR. It is a very effective remedy in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

"Kyiv"

Table mineral water of hydrocarbonate-calcium-magnesium type. Produced by the Kyiv Experimental Plant of Soft Drinks, where water treatment using an ionizer with silver ions (0.2 mg/l) was introduced.

"Kishinevskaya"

Low-mineralized sulfate-hydrocarbonate magnesium-sodium-calcium mineral water is a table drink that is refreshing and well quenches thirst.

"Korneshtskaya"

Hydrocarbonate sodium mineral water from the Cornesti spring in the Moldavian SSR. It belongs to the Borjomi type of water, but is less mineralized and does not contain free carbon dioxide.

"Korneshtskaya"

"Krainka"

Calcium sulfate mineral water with high magnesium content. with their own healing properties known since the last century. It is very effective in the treatment of diseases of the stomach, liver, urinary tract and metabolic disorders. Can also be used as a table drink.

"Kuyalnik"

Sodium chloride-bicarbonate water comes from a source located in the Kuyalnik resort in Odessa. It is successfully used in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and is a pleasant table drink that quenches thirst well.

"Lugela"

Calcium chloride highly mineralized water is unique in its chemical composition. The source is located in the village of Mukhuri in Georgia. Due to the very high content calcium chloride Use only as directed by a doctor. Indications for treatment: tuberculosis of the lungs and lymph glands, allergic diseases, inflammation of the kidneys with hematuria, as well as diseases for which calcium chloride is usually prescribed.

"Luzhanskaya"

Carbon dioxide sodium bicarbonate water of the Borjomi type. Contains such biological active substances as boron, fluorine, silicic acid, as well as free carbon dioxide. It has high medicinal properties and is used for diseases of the digestive system and liver.

This mineral water has been known since the 15th century. It began to be bottled in 1872 - then it was called “Margit”. It is divided into No. 1 and No. 2 - slightly different in chemical composition. The source is located in the Svalyavsky district of the Transcarpathian region.

"Lysogorskaya"

Sulfate-chloride sodium-magnesium water of increased mineralization, similar to mineral water "Batalinskaya", is an effective laxative. The source is located 22 km from the resort of Pyatigorsk. The chemical composition is close to “Batalinskaya”, but differs from it in lower mineralization and a significantly higher content of chlorine ions.

"Mashuk No. 19"

Chloride-hydrocarbonate-sulfate sodium-calcium thermal mineral water of medium mineralization. In composition, it is quite close to the water from the source of the Karlovy Vary resort in Czechoslovakia. The drilling site is located on Mount Mashuk in the Pyatigorsk resort. Is good remedy for diseases of the liver and biliary tract, as well as for diseases of the digestive system. “Mirgorodskaya” is sodium chloride water of low mineralization. It has valuable healing properties: it helps increase the secretion and acidity of gastric juice, stimulates intestinal activity, and improves metabolism. Can also be used as a table drink; it quenches thirst well.

"Raid"

Carbon dioxide bicarbonate sodium mineral water like the famous Borjomi water. The source is located on the territory of the Nabeglavi resort. Used in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

"Narzan"

Carbon dioxide bicarbonate-sulfate calcium-magnesium mineral water, which has won worldwide fame. An excellent refreshing table drink. It quenches thirst well and promotes good appetite.
Can be used to treat a number of diseases. Being well saturated with carbon dioxide, Narzan enhances the secretory activity of the digestive glands. The significant content of calcium bicarbonate makes this water a drink with anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic effects. "Narzan" has a beneficial effect on the activity of the urinary tract.

The springs are located in Kislovodsk.

"Naftusya"

Hydrocarbonate calcium-magnesium medicinal water. Indispensable for urological diseases. It is produced under the name “Truskavetska” (“Naftusya No. 2”). It contains significantly less organic substances than the water of the main source “Naftusya”, located in the resort of Truskavets, Lviv region.

"Obolonskaya"

Chloride-bicarbonate sodium-calcium-magnesium table water. A good refreshing drink bottled in Kyiv at the Obolon brewery.

"Polyustrovskaya"

Ferrous, slightly mineralized water, known since 1718. Due to its high iron content, it is used for anemia, blood loss, and loss of strength. Drinking this water helps to increase the hemoglobin content in the blood. It is also used as a table drink that quenches thirst well. The source is located near Leningrad.

"Polyana Kvasova"

Carbon dioxide bicarbonate sodium mineral water with a significant content of carbon dioxide. Borjomi is superior in mineralization and hydrocarbonate content. It is successfully used in the treatment of diseases of the stomach, intestines, liver, and urinary tract.

The source is located in the Transcarpathian region.

"Sairme"

Carbon dioxide ferrous bicarbonate sodium-calcium mineral water. It is recommended for the treatment of chronic catarrhs of the stomach, mainly with high acidity, for obesity, mild forms of diabetes, chronic catarrhs and functional intestinal disorders, for diseases of the urinary tract. It is also a pleasant table drink. The source is located in Georgia, on the territory of the Sairme resort.

"Svalyava"

Carbon dioxide sodium bicarbonate water, known since ancient times. Since 1800, “Svalyava” has been exported to Vera and Paris as an exquisite table drink. From biologically active ingredients contains boron. The source is located on the right bank of the Latoritsa River in the village. Svalyava, Transcarpathian region.

"Sergeevna M2"

Chloride-hydrocarbonate-sodium water, in chemical composition, resembles the well-known domestic mineral waters “Arzni”, “Dzau-Suar”, “Kuyalnik No. 4”, “Goryachiy Klyuch”. Recommended for peptic ulcers and chronic gastritis.

"Sirabskaya"

Carbon dioxide sodium bicarbonate water of medium mineralization.
Close in composition to Borjomi. It is popular as an effective remedy in the treatment of a number of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and metabolism. Its sources are located 3 km from Nakhichevan, on the Araks.

"Slavyanovskaya"

Carbon dioxide bicarbonate-sulfate sodium-calcium water of low mineralization. Its temperature when reaching the surface is 38-39 °C. It is very effective in the treatment of many diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

"Smirnovskaya"

In terms of chemical composition and mineralization, it is close to the water near the Slavyanovsky spring. More different from her high temperature(55 °C) and a higher content of natural carbon dioxide. The indications for treatment with Smirnovskaya mineral water are the same as for Slavyanovskaya. Both can be used as a table drink.

"Feodosia"

- sodium sulfate chloride water. The source is located 2 km from Feodosia - on Bald Mountain. It is successfully used in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and liver. When drinking this water, intestinal function is regulated; in obese people suffering from metabolic disorders, weight may decrease under the influence of this water.

“Kharkovskaya” is the name under which two types of mineral waters from sources near Kharkov are produced.

"Kharkovskaya M 1"

Hydrocarbonate calcium-sodium low-mineralized water is similar to Berezovskaya water. It is used as a table drink, as well as in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver and metabolism.

"Kharkovskaya M 2"

Sulfate-hydrocarbonate calcium-sodium-magnesium low-mineralized water. This water is a pleasant table drink, refreshing and thirst-quenching. It is used for the same diseases as Kharkovskaya No. 1 water.

"Kherson"

Ferrous weakly mineralized chloride-sulfate-bicarbonate sodium-calcium-magnesium water. Basically, this is table water, which tastes good and quenches thirst well. How glandular can be useful for different forms anemia and general loss of strength.

All doctors and fitness instructors loudly and in unison say that you need to drink more water. In addition, it will be nice if it becomes a habit daily use mineral water.

If the body does not have enough fluid, metabolic processes slow down and metabolic products are eliminated worse. And this leads to a variety of nightmares ranging from flaky skin to severe digestive problems. A lack of fluid can even be the cause of edema - the cells “store” it. That's why general recommendations, especially relevant for those who want to deal with disordered eating, systematic overeating and excess weight, are as follows: drink 30 grams of water per day per kilogram of body weight (but no more than 2 liters). There is a nuance: we're talking about specifically about water (juices, teas, broths, etc. for the body it is not drink, but food). The only problem is to choose what exactly to drink, since along with toxins and other garbage, the legendary “2 liters per day” flushes out of the body not at all unnecessary minerals. The logical solution is to drink mineral water, giving the body what it needs.

Salt to taste

Mineral water has the right to be called a liquid extracted from an officially registered underground source, with the original set of salts preserved. What kind of water is in the bottle should be written on the label. Look for the words "sediment at 180 degrees", "total salinity" or "total salinity" - they all mean the same thing.

Depending on how much chemical elements and other substances managed to be dissolved in water, it is declared medicinal (10-15 g of salts per liter, drunk only as prescribed by a doctor). Abuse healing waters it’s not worth it - it threatens with the deposition of salts and other quite unpleasant consequences. Medicinal table mineral waters contain 1-10 g of salts per liter, are used for preventive purposes and are also not suitable for continuous use.

IN table mineral water no more than 1 gram of salts per liter, it can be drunk at any time. And it would be nice if half of those “daily 2 liters” were just such water. You don’t have to worry too much about your choice and focus on your own taste - just drink the mineral water that you find especially pleasant. But if you intend to select a certain pool of mineral waters for constant use, for example, as part of a weight loss program or a maintenance course for any chronic disease, consultation with a specialist is necessary.

Classification of mineral waters according to the salts they contain:

Bicarbonate mineral water ("Arkhyz"). Recommended for people leading an active lifestyle, infants and patients with cystitis. Harmful for gastritis.
Sulphate mineral water ("Essentuki No. 20"). Recommended for liver problems, has mild laxative effect. Contraindicated in children and adolescents, since sulfates can interfere with calcium absorption, which means bone formation. For the same reason, women over 50 who are at risk for osteoparosis should not drink it.
Chloride mineral water ("Essentuki No. 4", "Aksu"). Regulates the functioning of the intestines, bile ducts and liver. Harmful for high blood pressure.
Magnesium mineral water ("Narzan", "Erinskaya"). Helps with constipation and stress, not recommended for people prone to stomach upsets.
Fluoride mineral water ("Lazarevskaya", "Sochinskaya"). Recommended for pregnant women and people suffering from osteoporosis. Contraindicated for those who have fluoridated tap water at home.
Ferrous mineral water ("Martialnaya", "Polyustrovskaya"). Shown when iron deficiency anemia. Contraindicated for peptic ulcers.
Sour mineral water ("Shmakovskaya"). Recommended for low acidity of gastric juice. Harmful for ulcers.
Sodium mineral water ("Smirnovskaya", "Narzan"). Helps with constipation and poor digestion, not recommended for hypertensive patients and those prescribed a low-salt diet.
Calcium mineral water ("Smirnovskaya", "Slavyanovskaya"). Recommended for milk intolerance, pregnant women, children and adolescents. May reduce blood pressure. It has no strict contraindications.

Most mineral waters contain a large range of salts and therefore belong to several classes at the same time. For example, “Smirnovskaya” is sodium-calcium, “Narzan” is sodium-magnesium, etc. By the way, there is no need to cook in a “mineral water”, even a dining room one - when boiling, the salts give sediment and can form compounds that are not absorbed by the body.

With or without bubbles?

Mineral water can be carbonated or without gas. If you are medical indications If you drink, for example, “Essentuki 17”, which can only be carbonated, you have no choice. If there are no such strict frameworks, decide for yourself - water “with bubbles” or without. First of all, the gas can be natural or artificially added. The second option seems dubious to gastroenterologists: the “non-native” gas can interfere with the absorption of mineral substances in the water itself. In addition, there is an opinion that in general any carbonated liquid contributes to the appearance of cellulite. By the way, it happens that gas naturally disappears from natural carbonated water. And before bottling it is again, artificially, added to the water. Taking into account all of the above, I would like to stick to water without gas - sin gas or eau naturelle.

If you still choose soda, keep in mind: firstly, no more than 2 glasses a day (otherwise the main effect of use will be a bloated belly). Secondly, in case of chronic gastritis with high acidity and ulcers, mineral water is drunk quickly, almost in one gulp, and in case of normal and low acidity - slowly, in small sips.

Complex issue

Real natural mineral water requires delicate handling from those who bottle it. Of course, the ideal option is to drink water directly from the source. But, since “Narzan” does not flow from every tap, let’s return to bottled mineral water.

Most liquids that are declared “mineral water” are born like this: first, water from an artesian well (well, if not from a water supply) undergoes deep purification. Such filtration not only removes all harmful impurities, but at the same time rids the water of everything useful that accidentally ended up in it. At the second stage, salts and other minerals are added to the water, bringing the chemical composition to any desired state. Of course, with this approach there may be more or less salts than we would like. And even if there is exactly as much “filling” as is needed, for example, for “Essentuki”, it will still not be a “living” environment, but simply a solution of salts. Of course, there is no need to expect a therapeutic effect from drinking such a liquid.

Unfortunately, it is difficult to determine what kind of water is standing in front of you on the supermarket shelf. You should focus on well-known manufacturers and famous sources, glass containers that better preserve the properties of water, and a fairly high price. Another fairly safe option is local mineral water, which is simply not economically profitable to counterfeit. By the way, in the Moscow region there are quite enough decent sources - in Dorokhovo, Monino, Tishkovo, Zvenigorod, Arkhangelsk, Erin, Istra and so on.

If we are talking about a complete (at least safe) product, the following information must be indicated on the label:

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First, let's figure out what kind of water - alkaline mineral water.
This is water belonging to the hydrocarbonate group, from natural sources with a constant composition of mineral salts and other valuable components. Its acidity exceeds 7 pH. Bicarbonates improve protein and carbohydrate metabolism and normalize intestinal function.

Characteristics of alkaline mineral water

Its name is quite arbitrary. It indicates the predominance of hydrocarbonate and sodium ions, as well as magnesium. The presence of these ingredients determines the benefits of alkaline water on the body, as well as the diseases that are treated with alkaline mineral waters.

Main indications for taking alkaline water

The use of this water is important in case of diseases:

gastritis,
peptic ulcer,
pancreatitis,
liver diseases,
biliary dyskinesia,
diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent),
gout,
colitis,
obesity,
infectious diseases.

Alkaline mineral water contains magnesium, which is indispensable for brain activity. Therefore, it is recommended to take water when there is severe nervous tension.

Alkaline water is extremely beneficial for people with in an active way life. With its help, metabolic products are quickly removed from the body, and the fluid does not stagnate.

Beneficial properties of alkaline mineral water

Water of this class replenishes the body's alkaline reserve. It helps reduce the number of hydrogen ions and normalizes the activity of the stomach.

Benefits of drinking alkaline mineral water:

removal of mucus from the intestines and stomach,
elimination of heartburn, belching,
getting rid of the feeling of heaviness that occurs “in the pit of the stomach”,
removal of slags.

Rules for taking alkaline water

The most useful action provides water that is drunk directly from a natural well at the resort.

But even at home, it helps to improve the health of the body if taken correctly.
The rate of alkaline water intake is determined by the acidity of the body. It is better to determine it with the help of a doctor. On average, this norm is 3 ml/kg of weight. Or 600 ml per day.

General rules for drinking alkaline mineral water:

For prevention purposes, drink water half an hour before meals. For ulcers or gastritis, it is useful to take it after meals. If there is excessive secretion of gastric juice - during eating. Gastritis with low acidity requires drinking water 1-1.5 hours before. before eating.
The use of alkaline water in the treatment of hyperacid gastritis requires the mandatory removal of carbon dioxide (alkaline water without gas). This is due to the effect it has on the gastric mucosa.
About the optimal temperature. For stomach diseases, the water should be slightly warmed. In other situations, the water can be at room temperature.
For better absorption useful substances Drink water slowly and in small sips.
If illnesses worsen, stop drinking water and consult a doctor.

Contraindications for alkaline mineral water

Alkaline water is contraindicated if you have the following diseases:

urolithiasis disease,
pathologies of the urinary tract (making it difficult to remove excess salts and minerals),
renal failure,
bilateral chronic pyelonephritis,
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Popular names of alkaline mineral waters

The group of hydrocarbonate waters is represented by the following brands:

Mineral waters of Georgia

The most significant representative of Georgian alkaline waters can undoubtedly be called mineral water Borjomi

This is water with natural mineralization and a salt concentration of 6 g/l. The chemical content of water is rich in useful components:

Borjomi serves to prevent and treat a very large number of diseases digestive system. It is most beneficial to use Borjomi for diseases:

metabolic disorders,
gastritis,
pancreatitis,
ulcer,
colitis.

Alkaline mineral waters of Russia

The most famous representative of Russian waters of this class, of course, is alkaline mineral water Essentuki. But only two numbers belong to the alkaline species of this brand - 4 and 17.

Alkaline mineral water Essentuki 4 belongs to medicinal table mineral waters. Has a complex effect on various systems body. Relieves the condition of diseases of the kidneys, stomach and intestines, liver, bladder.

Alkaline mineral water Essentuki 17 is a healing mineral water with increased mineralization. This alkaline mineral water helps cure gout, stomach diseases, mild diabetes and other pathologies already mentioned.

Alkaline mineral waters of Ukraine

Mineral water Luzhanskaya

Included in the group of Transcarpathian alkaline waters. It is distinguished by a salt concentration of 7.5 g/l and reduced mineralization. This allows it to be used as drinking alkaline water, i.e. table drink. The water is almost completely saturated with hydrocarbonates (96-100%). Alkaline mineral water contains the following components:

biologically active magnesium,
fluorine,
potassium,
silicic acid,
calcium, etc.

Due to its saturation with bicarbonates, “Luzhanskaya” serves as a mild antacid - a remedy that neutralizes high acidity in the stomach and relieves dyspeptic symptoms - heaviness, heartburn, bloating. This effect occurs immediately after drinking water.

Mineral water Polyana Kvasova

Boric carbonate water high degree mineralization. It also consists almost entirely of hydrocarbonates. The main indications for use are similar to the waters described.

Beneficial for diabetes and obesity. With the help of this water, both the stomach and respiratory tract are freed from mucus.

After eating, it gives a diuretic effect.

Mineral water Svalyava

This is boron water of medium mineralization. Its healing properties help improve and restore internal organs– biliary tract, liver, kidneys.

Here is a small list of alkaline mineral waters:

Sairme, Nabeglavi (Georgia),
Dilijan (Armenia),
Corneshtskaya (Moldova),
Lastochka (Primorsky Territory),
Slavyanovskaya, Smirnovskaya (Stavropol region).

The therapeutic effect of alkaline water should not be overestimated. It does not replace serious treatment.

But its beneficial qualities can support the body during the treatment of gastric and other diseases, increasing the effectiveness of the medications taken and thereby accelerating recovery.

We present to your attention a video about alkaline water.

Types of mineral waters. Classification of mineral waters according to the level of mineralization. Composition of mineral water and its importance in human life

Alkaline mineral water with gas: names, list

Alkaline mineral water without gas: names, list

Slightly alkaline mineral waters: names

Is the mineral water “Lipetskaya”, “Borjomi”, “Narzan” alkaline?

How to choose the best alkaline mineral water?

Use of alkaline mineral water for gout: recipes

The use of alkaline mineral water for pancreatitis: recipes

Use of alkaline mineral water for gastritis: recipes

Alkaline mineral water for gastritis (high acidity)

Alkaline mineral water for gastritis (low acidity)

Using alkaline mineral water for inhalation with a nebulizer: recipes

What manufacturer and what alkaline mineral waters are located in Belarus, Russia, Georgia, Ukraine?

Video: Alkaline mineral waters for gout. Mineral water for gout. Gout remedy

What is mineral water

What groups is it divided into?

Not mineral waters

Natural water classes

Hydrocarbonate sulfate

Chloride-sulfate

Bicarbonate sulfate calcium

Hydrocarbonate-chloride-sulfate

Hydrocarbonate water

Sulphate water

How to choose the right water

Mineral water

Iron is found in many mineral waters of Siberia and the Caucasus.

Arsenic is a substance with pronounced toxic and pharmacological properties.

Among drinking mineral waters there are also bromine waters.

Drinking mineral waters also contain organic substances.

Mineral waters of our country.

The springs are located in Kislovodsk.

The source is located in the Transcarpathian region.

Salt to taste

Classification of mineral waters according to the salts they contain:

With or without bubbles?

Complex issue

December 16-17. The weather in Moscow is warm and tropical showers.

The minimum wage has been raised to a living wage!

December 15 - Celebrating International Tea Day!

Characteristics of alkaline mineral water

Main indications for taking alkaline water

Beneficial properties of alkaline mineral water

Rules for taking alkaline water

Contraindications for alkaline mineral water

Popular names of alkaline mineral waters

Mineral waters of Georgia

Alkaline mineral waters of Russia

Alkaline mineral waters of Ukraine