home Analyzes Medical and health tourism. Development, types, features of medical and health tourism. The best health resorts in Russia

Medical and health tourism. Development, types, features of medical and health tourism. The best health resorts in Russia

Our country has all the capabilities for effective spa treatment. In its vastness, you can always choose a resort located in any climatic zone and having all the necessary healing factors. In particular, in Russia you can undergo treatment or take baths from mineral waters of any type. Spa treatment and the service here is not inferior to well-known world centers. Natural healing factors combined with the latest medical technologies. The growing popularity of domestic resorts is also facilitated by more affordable prices, the absence of a language barrier and visa requirements, picturesque landscapes and architectural monuments.

Search for a tour (no excursions included)

Northwest

Main resorts of the North-Western recreational region by region:

Arkhangelskaya - Solvychegodsk, Solonikha, Belomorye;
Vologda - Babushkinsky resort, Totma);
Leningradskaya - resort area of St. Petersburg - resorts Sestroretsk, the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland and resort areas: Zelenogorsk, Solnechnoye, Repino, Komarovo, Ushkovo, Serovo, Molodeznoye, Smolyachkovo, Privetnenskoye;
Novgorodskaya - Valdai, Staraya Russa;
Pskovskaya - Khilovo;
Kaliningradskaya - Zelenogradsk, Otradnoe, Pionersky;
Karelia - Sortavala, Martial waters;
Komi Republic - Seregovo.

There are climatic and balneological resorts here. North-West Russia is a popular tourist region all over the world. Its peculiarity as a resort is the possibility of combining treatment with educational excursions. Treatment in northwestern health resorts is especially recommended for contraindications to hot weather.

Healing factors – sodium chloride mineral water and brines with bromine, and hydrogen sulfide mineral waters, iron-containing waters, healing mud, ionized sea and forest air.

Indicated for the treatment of diseases:

Balneological procedures, mineral water intake and climatotherapy are used for treatment.

Central Russia

Main resorts by region:

Moscow - Moscow region;
Ivanovskaya - Obolsunovo, Plyos, Green Town;
Kostroma - Soligalich, Susanino, Seliger;
Lipetskaya - Kaluga-bor;
Ryazanskaya - Solotcha;
Tverskaya - Kashin, Karacharovo;
Tula - Krainka.

This Russian region has balneological and mud resorts. Sanatoriums in the Moscow region are distinguished by their developed medical facilities and high level of service. Similar to the North-West, it is convenient to combine treatment with excursion programs.

The main healing factor is underground artesian mineral waters and salt solutions of the Moscow basin. It has a beneficial effect on health and the forest microclimate. There are deposits of peat and sapropel mud.

The therapeutic arsenal includes baths, bathing, showers, mineral irrigation, internal drinking water, and mud treatments.

Volga region

Main resorts by region:

Bashkiria - Aksakovo, Adkino, Glukhovskaya, Krasnousolsk, Chekhovo, Shafranovo, Yumatovo, Yaktykud, Yangantau;
Tatarstan - Bakirovo - Utly-Su, Vasilievsky, Izhevsk Mineral Waters;
Ulyanovsk region - Undory;
Volgograd region - Elton;
Udmurdia - Varzi-Yatchi;
Kirov region - Nizhneivkino;
Samara region - Sergievskie Mineralnye Vody;
Astrakhan region - Tinaki;
Nizhny Novgorod - Green City;
Orenburg region - Gai;
Perm region - Ust-Kachka;
Saratov region (resort named after V.I. Chapaev, Cheremshany, Undory.

The Volga region presents natural zones from forest to semi-desert. The climate is temperate continental or continental. Local climatic and balneological mud resorts use all types of mineral waters and all therapeutic muds, excluding volcanic ones.

The natural factors of the region are extremely diverse:

sulfide mineral waters (including the unique Sergievskie);
salt waters;
iodine-bromine waters;
sodium chloride brines with bromine;
peat and sapropel mud;
salt lake brine;
unique drinking mineral waters containing organic compounds;
silt therapeutic mud;
blue clays.

The following diseases are treated at the Volga resorts:

Treatment methods include drinking mineral waters, using medicinal mud, brines and brine.

Caucasian Mineral Waters

Key resorts: Zheleznovodsk, Essentuki, Kislovodsk, Pyatigorsk.

There are balneo-mud and climatic mountain resorts in the region. The name itself indicates the main healing factor - more than a hundred sources of all three dozen types of mineral waters. In addition to them, there are saline-alkaline radon waters, the famous mud of Lake Tambukan, bitter-salty mineral waters, which in combination with the low-mountain continental climate gives excellent results.

The therapeutic profile of Kavminvod is universal. The most effective treatment for diseases:

Treatment methods include internal mineral waters and a variety of balneological and mud procedures.

Krasnodar region

Key resorts: Sochi, Anapa, Gelendzhik, Goryachiy Klyuch, Yeisk, Tuapse, Adler.

This region is famous for its first-class seaside balneoclimatic resorts. Few of those undergoing treatment miss the opportunity to combine procedures with a beach holiday, although this is not welcomed from a medical point of view.

The mild maritime climate, the sea itself, sodium chloride and iodine-bromine mineral waters, hydrogen sulfide and alkaline waters, healing mud (including unique silt-sulfide mud) - these are the natural factors of this fertile region.

The medical profile of health resorts in the Krasnodar Territory is also universal. Most attention devoted to diseases:

The arsenal of treatment consists of hydrogen sulfide and iodine-bromine baths, bathing in thermal springs, oral administration and procedures with mineral waters, and mud procedures.

Ural

Main resorts:

Kurgan region - Lake Medvezhye, Lake Gorko;
Sverdlovsk region - Kurya, Nizhnie Earrings, Glyadeny, Rush, Samotsvet;
Tyumen region - Akhmanka, Bolshoi Taraskul;
Chelyabinsk region - Elovoe, Uvildy, Kisegach, Troitsky climatic-kumys-therapeutic region;
Perm region - Ust-Kachka or “Ural Matsesta”, Klyuchi;
Orenburg region - Sol-Iletsk;
Bashkiria - Krasnousolsky resort, Yangan-Tau.

Ural balneological and climatic resorts use existing reserves of most types of mineral waters. Their list is extensive - hydrogen sulfide, sodium chloride, iodine-bromine, ferruginous, radon. The region also contains salt lakes with healing brine and mud deposits. The temperate climate and air saturated with ions and phytoncides contribute to successful treatment.

Patients with diseases come to the resorts of the Urals:

Except traditional treatment through mineral waters and medicinal mud, steam and dry-air baths, herbal medicine, speleo- and kumis treatment are used.

Siberia

Main resorts and resort areas:

Altai Territory - Chemal, Belokurikha, Yarovoye, Rassvety, Lebyazhye;
Republic of Buryatia - Arshan, Bauntovsky springs, Choryachinsk, Irkana, Kiran, Nilova Pustyn;
Republic of Tyva - Ush-Beldir, Cheder;
Novosibirsk region - Lake Karachi;
Khakassia - Lake Shira;
Krasnoyarsk Territory - Kozhanovo, Lake Tagarskoe, Uchum;
Irkutsk region - Angara, Nilova Pustyn, Usolye, Ust-Kut, Baikal, Nukuty;
Kemerovo region - Borisovsky, Prokopyevsky;
There are also a number of sanatoriums operating in the Omsk and Tomsk regions.

The region contains climatic and balneological mud steppe and mountain resorts. A special feature of Siberia is its many radon thermal springs. In addition to them, there are sources of silver-containing and carbon dioxide waters (Arshan), salt lakes containing brine, and deposits of medicinal mud. The picture is complemented by clean air and a mild climate.

The following diseases are treated in Siberian health resorts:

Treatment methods: balneotherapy, mud therapy, bathing in thermal springs.

Far East

Main resorts:

Primorsky Territory - Shmakovka resort, Vladivostok resort area, Sadgorod, Shmakovka;
Khabarovsk Territory - Kuldur, Annenskiye Mineralnye Vody;
Kamchatka - Paratunka, Nachiki;
Magadan region - Talaya;
Sakhalin - Sinegorsk Mineral Waters.

Many people have heard about the miraculous thermal springs of Kamchatka. Many Far Eastern health resorts operate on their basis. It should be noted, however, that the resort infrastructure of the region is just beginning to develop, and is significantly inferior to the level of existing natural factors.

These include nitrogen-siliceous thermal waters, carbon dioxide, radon, and nitrogen mineral waters, silt and sulfide mud. The continental climate also contributes to effective healing.

The following diseases are indicated for treatment in the Far East:

The therapeutic arsenal includes baths in thermal springs and sea water, internal and external mineral procedures, mud therapy, halo- and hirudotherapy.

Crimea

Key resorts: Evpatoria, Saki, Yalta, Alushta, Sudak, Feodosia.

The new region of the Russian Federation, especially its South Coast, has excellent sea and climatic resorts. Far beyond the region, the healing mud of the Churbash, Chokrakskom and Tobechik lakes is known.

Crimean natural factors are impressive. These include a variety of climatic zones containing useful minerals sea water, healing brines of estuaries and lakes, healing mud, mineral waters.

The region specializes in the treatment of ailments:

Diseases are treated through air and sun baths, aroma and thalassotherapy, drinking mineral waters, balneological procedures with mineral waters and therapeutic mud.

General list of Unique resorts (sanatoriums) in Russia

Belokurikha resort town:

Pallasovsky district:

Kondopoga district:

Staraya Russa:

Porkhovsky district:

Tunkinsky district:

Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk:

Salavat district:

Narimanovsky district:

Suvorovsky district:

Sergievsky district:

Alnashsky district:

Abzelilovsky district:

Ruzsky district:

Liskinsky district:

Usolsky district:
Konakovsky district:

List of diseases

A unique urological resort in Siberia!

The only sanatorium in Siberia with natural capabilities for the treatment of kidney diseases and urolithiasis, gastrointestinal tract.

Urolithiasis, cholelithiasis;

Kidney diseases in children;

Of cardio-vascular system;

Nervous, respiratory systems;

Musculoskeletal system;

Gastrointestinal tract;

Diseases of the female and male reproductive system, including male and female infertility.

Natural healing factors

Mineral silver containing water.

Blue silver-containing clay.

Altai medicinal herbs.

The sanatorium is a supporter of natural, natural forms of treatment: a calm, psychological climate, herbs, clay, mineral waters, dynamic loads.

Description of healing factors

Mineral water "Silver Key" containing natural silver, combined with silicic acid and a unique composition mineral salts, has bactericidal, diuretic, anti-inflammatory and catalytic effects. It is indispensable in the effective treatment and prevention of urological diseases. Since 1990, the Tomsk Scientific Research Institute of Physics, the Novosibirsk Medical Academy, and the Altai State Medical University have been researching the Silver Key mineral water and local blue clays. University, Moscow RNTsVMiK, Tomsk SPC "Siberian Mineral Waters" on the basis of the Altai sanatorium "Rassvety nad Biya", which highly appreciate the capabilities of the resort due to rare natural features. In addition to its effective rehabilitative effect on urological patients, “Silver Key” has a therapeutic effect in gastroenterology: with its use, healing (scarring) of stomach and duodenal ulcers and ulcerative colitis occurs twice as fast. Natural mineral water "Silver Key" helps with respiratory diseases, gynecological, dental and other pathologies.

Clay from the Bekhtemir deposit - a natural and highly effective remedy, rich in mineral salts and trace elements in biologically compatible forms. Applications made from silver-containing blue clay, which has accumulated its healing power for more than 30 million years, have a miraculous effect on the treatment of the musculoskeletal system, incl. osteochondrosis, arthritis, neuralgia, consequences of injuries, treatment of various inflammatory diseases of internal organs. Rectal application of clay helps to successfully cope with chronic prostatitis and male infertility.

List of diseases

Sanatorium "Elton" specializes in the treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system,

diseases of the nervous system,

gynecological,

urological diseases,

skin diseases,

digestive organs,

ENT and respiratory organs.

Natural healing factors

Unique healing mud and brine of Lake Elton.

Description of healing factors

Steppe clean, transparent air, powerful sun, but the main healing factors are mud and brine. Therapeutic factors.

Dirt - is a mineral silt and brine that impregnates it.

Brine - water from mineral salt lakes, estuaries, is a saturated solution (brine) of concentrated salts.

List of diseases

Of cardio-vascular system;

Musculoskeletal,

Blood diseases

Digestive organs,

Respiratory diseases (non-tuberculosis),

Diseases of the nervous system,

genitourinary system,

Rehabilitation

Natural healing factors

Marcial waters

Gabozero healing mud

Description of healing factors

Marcial waters
Marcial waters are ferruginous, nitrogen, hydrocarbonate-sulfate, weakly mineralized. Their main value lies in high concentration active (ferrous) iron, the amount of which is much greater than in other iron sources in our and foreign resorts. In addition to iron, the water of marcial springs contains sodium, magnesium, calcium, and manganese.

Gabozero healing mud
Gabozero mud belongs to the group of lake-spring mud (freshwater, ferruginous, sapropelic), which is extracted from Lake Gabozero a few kilometers from the sanatorium. Silt mud has complex physico-chemical and biological properties, it contains substances close to hormones and vitamins.

List of diseases

At the Staraya Russa Resort, treatment is provided in the following medical profiles:

Diseases of the digestive system (gastrointestinal tract)

Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (musculoskeletal system)

Nervous system diseases

Non-tuberculous respiratory diseases

Endocrine system diseases

Gynecological diseases, infertility

Skin diseases

Diseases of the ENT organs

Natural healing factors

Unique natural healing factors:

Mineral water (drinking and external use), not inferior in healing properties to the waters of the Czech Republic and Germany.
Sulfide-silt mud “Starorusskie”, which has no analogues in the world in its composition and therapeutic effect, is a GENERALLY RECOGNIZED WORLD STANDARD in the class of sulfide-silt medicinal mud.

Microclimate of the Resort - the air is saturated with bromine, magnesium and calcium ions.

Description of healing factors

By order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated December 29, 1999. The Staraya Russa resort is included in the list of 18 unique resorts in Russia due to its colossal reserves of underground mineral waters, the optimal chemical composition and mineralization of water and mud.

Mineral waters "Starorusskie"
The "Staraya Russa" resort has sources of both highly mineralized mineral waters intended for external use and cavity irrigation and low-mineralized ones for oral administration. According to the chemical composition, "Staraya Russa" mineral waters are bromine chloride calcium-sodium containing magnesium, potassium, lithium, fluorine, iron, etc., the reaction of the environment is neutral. "Starorussian" mineral waters have anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, analgesic effects, improve trophism, blood circulation and metabolic processes, promote normalization immune status body.

Therapeutic mud "Starorusskie"
Therapeutic mud "Starorusskie" is a sulfide-silt mud with a record content of iron sulfide and contains bromine. Local mud, of lake spring origin, the therapeutic effect of which is ensured by high visco-plastic and thermal properties. It is no coincidence that they have their own name in the classification of medicinal mud and are standard, having no analogues in the world in their class. Mud has anti-inflammatory, absorbable, antispasmodic, analgesic effects, improves blood microcirculation in the affected area and thereby helps improve the condition of the diseased area of the body.

Microclimate of the Resort
Continental climate of temperate latitudes. Due to the location of salty mineral lakes on the territory, the air of the Resort is unique in its composition - it is saturated with bromine, magnesium and calcium ions, thereby achieving the effect of a natural inhalation.

List of diseases

Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and musculoskeletal system;

Diseases of the nervous system;

Skin diseases;

Diseases of the digestive system;

Respiratory diseases;

Diseases of the circulatory system;

Diseases of the endocrine system;

Eye diseases;

Diseases of the genitourinary system (gynecological diseases, urological diseases, chronic prostatitis);

Rehabilitation of patients after injuries and occupational diseases, orthopedic and traumatological operations, endoprosthetics

Natural healing factors

Hydromineral base :

1. Sulfate-chloride-magnesium-calcium-sodium water
2. Hydrocarbonate-sulfate-calcium water

3. Chloride-sodium-bromine-boron brines

Peloid therapy : sapropel mud.

Description of healing factors

Sulfate-chloride-magnesium-calcium-sodium water (for external and internal use) belongs to the mineral natural drinking medicinal table, XIX group, Khilovsky type. Mineral water "Khilovskaya" is a natural medicinal table water extracted from unique natural sources resort "Khilovo" The springs are located in the center of a sanitary protection zone, isolated from the harmful effects of the urban environment. The water is extracted from a depth of over 250 m, complies with GOST and is recommended by the Russian Scientific Center for Regenerative Medicine and Balneology for drinking treatment.

Bicarbonate-sulfate-calcium water (for external use) belongs to mineral balneological, group 2.1.2, Khilovsky type. The water contains hydrogen sulfide in standard quantities, which has important balneotherapeutic value. Hydrogen sulfide rejuvenates the skin and restores its derivatives: hair, nails; enhances the exchange of cartilage and bone tissue. After a course of baths, blood cholesterol levels and hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus are reduced. Hydrogen sulfide affects the functional state of the central nervous system, enhances the inhibition process, stimulates the pituitary gland - thyroid gland - ovaries system. Under the influence of hydrogen sulfide baths, blood pressure decreases and increases cardiac output, the functional state of the myocardium improves, blood flow in the kidneys, liver, brain, and muscles increases. Hydrogen sulfide increases the amount of reduced and reduces the amount of oxidized forms of proteins, as a result of which the biosynthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol decreases. Microcirculation improves by increasing the volumetric velocity of muscle blood flow, reducing perivascular swelling, reducing platelet aggregation and blood viscosity. All this is an important link in the mechanism therapeutic effect for coronary heart disease, cerebral ischemia, peripheral vascular diseases and other diseases of the cardiovascular system.

Chloride-sodium-bromine-boron brines (for external use) are classified as mineral balneological. Baths have an effect on the leading systems of the body: nervous, cardiovascular, sympathetic-adrenal and pituitary-adrenal. They create favorable conditions for the formation of compensatory-adaptive and restorative reactions of the body. The main mechanism of action of these baths is the deposition of mineral salts on the skin and the formation of the so-called “salt cloak”, which is a source of long-term irritation of receptors and a reflex effect on functional systems. The presence of a “salt cloak” on the skin determines the characteristics of heat exchange in sodium chloride baths, which are characterized by greater heating of the body than in other baths. An increase in body temperature causes a compensatory vasodilator reaction, increasing oxygen absorption. An increase in skin circulation is accompanied by the release of deposited blood, an increase in the volume of circulating blood and the flow of venous blood to the heart, a decrease in blood viscosity, and normalization of blood pressure. Baths improve all types of exchange. Due to the bromine contained in the water, baths have a pronounced sedative effect and enhance inhibitory processes in the cerebral cortex. They normalize immune properties, improve cerebral and general hemodynamics, and affect the tone of peripheral veins.

Sapropel mud in the sanatorium "Khilovo" it is extracted from the bottom of the lake, located 12 km from the resort. Therapeutic mud belongs to sapropelic, low-sulfide, low-mineralized, medium-ash peloids, which have balneological value. The medicinal significance of sapropel is determined by its high thermal properties, the presence large quantity organic substances - humic, bitumen, as well as vitamins (B1, B12, C, D, E), enzymes, hormones, iron sulfides. Mud therapy actively improves all types of metabolism, microcirculation, tissue trophism, promotes healing and bone growth, eliminates the inflammatory process without damaging beneficial microflora, relaxes muscle and nerve fiber, and has a powerful immunomodulatory effect.

List of diseases

Undorovskaya mineral water is highly effective in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, urinary system, incl. kidney stones, urological diseases, improves liver function. In complex therapy, it allows treating diseases of the cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system, female reproductive system, nervous system, respiratory system, endocrine system, skin diseases, and a wide range of occupational diseases.

Natural healing factors

There are 17 self-flowing springs on the resort territory, 9 of them are mineral healing and have a unique chemical composition.

The treatment is based on the use of unique natural factors:

Undorovskaya mineral water.

Medium mineralized sulfate-magnesium-calcium mineral water.

Sodium chloride brines enriched with iodine and bromine.

Kimmeridgian blue clay from the Undorovskoye deposit.

The microclimate of the resort is close to the sea.

Description of healing factors

The Undory resort, included in the list of unique resorts in Russia, is also famous for the fact that it is the only resort in our country that uses water with a high content of organic substances, including those that reduce the activity of the thyroid gland, and ingredients belonging to the anti-cancer group. It belongs to the group of waters, which includes the Naftusya mineral water (Truskavets resort, Ukraine). You can try real Undorov mineral water only by going for treatment to local sanatoriums (named after V.I. Lenin and “Dubki”).

The Undory resort uses three main types of mineral water:

1 type Undorovskaya mineral water of source No. 1 is low-mineralized hydrocarbonate-sulfate-magnesium water with a high content of organic substances, used for internal use. Clean, transparent, without color, odor or impurities.

A unique feature of Undorovskaya mineral water is its high content of organic substances, including healthy carbohydrates, carboxylic acids, fulvic acids, humic acids, silicic acid, carbonic anhydride, and bitumen. Mineral water contains up to 20 useful microelements.

Type 2 Medium-mineralized sulfate calcium-magnesium-sodium water, for internal and external use.

It is mined from a depth of 330-380 meters. It is used for drinking treatment for gastroenterological diseases, in the form of microenemas, intestinal irrigations, gum irrigations, tubages, gastric lavages, inhalations. Contains lithium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, fluorine, chlorine, sulfates, bicarbonates, phosphates and other trace elements.

Type 3 Chloride-sodium-bromine brine is extracted from wells up to 1000 meters deep for external use. Contains hydrogen, lithium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, iron, chlorine, bromine, iodine, sulfates, bicarbonates and a number of others useful substances. Chloride-sodium-bromine brine is used for balneotherapy in the form of baths, in the pool for physical therapy or free swimming. Baths have an anti-inflammatory, calming effect, normalize metabolism, and improve blood microcirculation.

Blue clay from the Undorovskoe deposit contains potassium, sodium, calcium, iodine, bromine, aluminum, zinc and copper. It is effective in the treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, nervous system, digestive organs, as well as gynecological, urological pathologies and some skin diseases. Applications with blue clay have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiseptic, vasodilating effects, improve the mobility of joints and the spine, and normalize blood pressure. Clay is also actively used in cosmetology.

Resort climate temperate continental with warm summers and moderately cold winters. The microclimate of the coastal zone of the reservoir is close to that of the sea. Sunshine during the year is 1500-2000 hours. A specific natural factor of the resort is natural ionization of up to 1105 light aerons per 1 cubic cm. air. The combination of these factors makes it possible to carry out landscape therapy, aerotherapy, terenkur, light-air baths, heliotherapy, thalassotherapy..

List of diseases

Diseases of the digestive system,

gynecological diseases,

genitourinary diseases,

diseases of the musculoskeletal system,

diseases of the nervous system,

skin diseases,

respiratory diseases,

diseases of the ear and mastoid process,

diabetes.

Natural healing factors

Mineral water

Description of healing factors

The composition of lake water is sulfate-chloride, sodium-potassium, with a high content of magnesium, slightly alkaline. The salt content varies across its area. It is highest in the central part of the lake, where it is 18-20 grams per liter of moisture, near the shores, especially close to the mouth of the Son River. The salt content is usually a few grams lower. With depth, the mineralization of moisture increases everywhere, and in the central part of the Shire, the bottom layer already consists of brines. The main healing factors of Lake Shira are its mineral water, mud, underground mineral springs and the healthy climate of these places. These factors are usually used in combination with all conventional healing methods. A very important healing factor of the Shira resort is its medicinal drinking mineral water. It is taken orally and, depending on the time of administration and temperature, has different effects on the patient. Taken orally, it irritates the receptors of the gastrointestinal tract and has a reflex effect on the central nervous system. After absorption, the constituent elements of water lead to some changes in the body, which entail complex, beneficial effective consequences. At the same time, cold water introduced into the stomach causes an increase in secretory activity, and warmed up to 40-45 degrees, on the contrary, inhibits it. The same goes for appointment times.

List of diseases

Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue;

respiratory organs;

nervous and autonomic nervous system;

gynecological;

urological;

nephrological;

gastrointestinal tract.

Natural healing factors

Geothermal natural wet and dry gases,

mineral water from the Kurgazak spring,

a unique set of resort and recreational landscape factors.

Description of healing factors

Thermal vapors and gases , used in the sanatorium for treatment, are released from the natural cracks of Mount Yangan-Tau and wells drilled there to various depths. Steam baths, dry air baths and steam condensate are used. The steam condensate contains ions of about 30 active microelements (copper, zinc, iron, etc.), as well as organic substances (resins, phenols, organic acids, etc.).

Mineral water "Kurgazak" " - hydrocarbonate calcium-magnesium water. Water from the source is supplied to the sanatorium through a special pipeline and is used for medicinal purposes both internally and externally. Resort and recreational landscape factors (mountainous terrain, water bodies, cultural landscape of the sanatorium park, forest, open meadow spaces).

List of diseases

The Angara resort specializes in the treatment and prevention of diseases:

of cardio-vascular system

nervous system

digestive and endocrine systems (including diabetes mellitus)

musculoskeletal system

skin diseases

upper respiratory tract diseases

Specialized rehabilitation departments:

patients who have undergone acute heart attack myocardium, unstable angina, patients after surgery on the heart and coronary vessels;

patients who have suffered an acute disorder cerebral circulation(stroke);

persons injured at work (industrial injuries, diseases associated with hazardous working conditions)

Natural healing factors

Mineral water

Description of healing factors

The uniqueness of the resort lies in the fact that it has its own sources of mineral waters, which are extracted directly on the territory of the complex: low-sulfide sodium chloride brine, used externally for balneotherapy and mineral drinking medicinal table water. Silt sulfide mud from Lake Nukha-Nur in the Bayandaevsky district and sapropel mud from the Usolsky district are also used as a therapeutic factor.

List of diseases

The resort is the center medical rehabilitation by disease:

digestive organs;

peripheral nervous system;

musculoskeletal system and connective tissue;

female genital organs;

genitourinary system;

endocrine system;

eating disorders and metabolic disorders.

rehabilitation of patients with occupational diseases and after injuries at work;

respiratory organs;

circulatory organs;

Natural healing factors

Four types of unique mineral waters included in the book "Mineral Waters of the World", published in Italy.

Mineral water "Krainskaya" was awarded gold medals at the international exhibitions "Cairo-98", "Paris-98", "Cologne-99", "Milan-2001".

Therapeutic peat mud containing hydrogen sulfide.

Description of healing factors

Based on the amount of mineral salts, mineral waters are divided into table water, medicinal water and medicinal water, and according to the chemical composition they are divided into: Hydrocarbonate: intended for those who play sports, used in the treatment of urolithiasis; Sulfate: for those who have problems with the gallbladder, liver; Chloride: regulate the functioning of the liver, intestinal and biliary tracts; Magnesium: used for stressful situations. Peat mud from the Kommuna peat bog, located just 1.5 km from the resort, is also actively used in treatment at the resort.

List of diseases

Treatment and prevention of the nervous system is the main direction of the medical rehabilitation center, you can undergo a course of treatment and rehabilitation of diseases of the circulatory system, skin, diseases of the male and female genitourinary organs, diseases of the musculoskeletal system, cerebral palsy, consequences of traumatic brain injuries and spinal injuries . In addition, the center provides assistance to patients who have undergone surgery on the spine and joints. For children, there is a pediatric department on the territory of the health resort.

Natural healing factors

Mineral hydrogen sulfide water

Description of healing factors

The MRC has unique natural healing factors - sulfate-bicarbonate calcium-magnesium waters, as well as healing sulfide-silt mud. They contain almost all chemical elements.

Mineral water
The main natural treatment factor at the resort is natural mineral hydrogen sulfide sulfate-bicarbonate calcium-magnesium waters and sulfide silt mud extracted from the lake. Treatment with hydrogen sulfide water changes the colloidal properties of the skin, changes barrier functions, and activates enzymatic processes in the body. The result of this effect is a pronounced anti-inflammatory, absorbable, analgesic, trophic-regenerative effect (improved metabolism).

In healing mud contains almost the entire periodic table. Mud also contains antibiotic-like, hormone-like biologically active substances that have a strong anti-inflammatory effect, relax muscles, reduce pain in the joints and spine, increase immunity, resolve scars, scars on the skin, have an anti-cellulite effect, and mud masks help get rid of acne and fatigue skin. During mud procedures, intense sweating occurs, which helps reduce body weight to 400-800 grams. Finally, the procedure itself is pleasant - surprisingly, the mud has a very good warming effect, increases the emotional state, and after the mud baths a pleasant relaxation sets in and a surge of strength is felt.

List of diseases

Diseases of the musculoskeletal system,

Diseases of the nervous system,

Gynecological diseases,

Andrological diseases,

Urinary tract diseases,

Skin diseases,

Digestive diseases

Upper respiratory tract diseases,

Occupational diseases

Natural healing factors

Therapeutic mud

Mineral water

Description of healing factors

Climate

The Varzi-Yatchi sanatorium is distinguished by a special microclimate, characteristic only of this area. Its climate is characterized as moderate continental with distinct seasons. According to the bioclimatic passport of the territory, “the landscape and climatic conditions of the sanatorium are a high-quality natural healing factor for use in resort and health and rehabilitation practice for climatic treatment and climatic prevention of diseases.”

Rare, in its composition, peat mud - “living medicine”, extracted from a peat bog located on the territory. According to the conclusion of the Russian Scientific Center for Restorative Medicine and Balneology (Moscow, 2007), this mud should be classified as medicinal low-mineralized, low-sulfide, high-ash peat mud. It is unique in its composition and medicinal properties and is considered a reference. On the territory of Russia it is “the only representative of this type used for medicinal purposes.” The balneological value of mud is due to its very high thermal and plastic properties, the presence of therapeutically active mineral components: sulfides, free hydrogen sulfide, water-soluble salts, big amount organic substances, including balneologically valuable ones - humic acids and their salts, sulfonic acids, bitumens, as well as the presence of organic biostimulants - lipids, vitamins, enzymes, hormones, etc.

Mineral water.
Currently, the Varzi-Yatchi sanatorium has a diverse hydromineral base, which is represented by 4 types of water:

1. Low-mineralized sulfate sodium-magnesium-calcium composition, with a slightly alkaline reaction of the medium (This water is of particular interest because it contains silver ions. The results of clinical studies indicate the high effectiveness of this water in the treatment of patients with diseases of the stomach, biliary and urinary tracts, as well as in the treatment of diabetes and gout).

2. Low-mineralized calcium sulfate composition.

3. Moderately mineralized chloride-sulfate-calcium-sodium composition.

4. Strong brine sodium chloride composition (A feature of the brines of the Varzi-Yatchi sanatorium is that they do not contain hydrogen sulfide. This expands the possibility of their use in the treatment of many diseases, in particular the cardiovascular system, upper respiratory tract and diseases of the female genital area.)

List of diseases

Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, Diseases of metabolism and endocrine glands, Diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract, Diseases of the oral cavity and nasopharynx, Functional disorders nervous system, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, Diseases of the cardiovascular system, Diseases of the respiratory system, Rehabilitation departments. Unique programs (Anti-Diabetes, Anti-Asthma, Men's health, Therapeutic fasting, etc.)

Natural healing factors

Mineral water, mud therapy.

Description of healing factors

The natural source of our mineral water is located in the sanitary zone on the territory of the sanatorium. Mineral water "Bratskaya" belongs to the so-called. living waters that carry the soul in the form of ancient organic life and living relict protobacteria, preserving unique reference bioinformation that has not undergone changes, being isolated from solar and cosmic storms and cataclysms on the surface of the earth. Such water upon contact with damaged tissues human transfers its reference bioinformation to them, which contributes to their rapid recovery. The sanatorium actively uses Usolsky medicinal mud in treatment.

List of diseases

treatment of the digestive system,

musculoskeletal system,

circulatory organs,

neurology.

Natural healing factors

Mineral water, mud

Description of healing factors

One of the main healing factors of the Dorokhovo sanatorium is medicinal mineral waters:

1. Low-mineralized sulfate-magnesium-calcium water, which is used in medical and health procedures of the sanatorium, and under the name “Dorokhovskaya” is bottled for wide distribution to the consumer.

2. High mineralization water - sodium chloride brine (RAPA) is used for mineral baths, swimming pool, oral diseases.

Peat mud from the Yukhovsky deposit is used in combination with galvanic current.

List of diseases

diseases of the joints and spine,

nervous diseases,

cardiovascular diseases,

diseases of the female genital area.

Natural healing factors

Mineral natural radon water

Description of healing factors

For more than a hundred years, progressive balneology has been using the unique chemical element Radon to treat various diseases. However, until now, treatment methods using radon have undeservedly remained in the shadows against the background of the use of other natural factors, such as mineral waters and mud. On the one hand, this gives Radon some mystery and elitism, on the other hand, many patients suffering from quite serious illnesses are deprived of the opportunity to try its wonderful, truly effective and unique therapeutic power. We want to fill this gap and enable our potential clients learn about the existence of such a treatment method as radon therapy and become more familiar with all its nuances. We can talk about two ways of action of radon - neuro-reflex, through the nerve endings of the skin, and humoral - penetration of radon through the blood and lymph into the subcutaneous fat and other organs and tissues. 2.5 hours after the radon procedure, radon is completely eliminated from the body, and after another two hours the daughter products disappear. For several hours after a radon bath in the skin and, to a lesser extent, in other organs and tissues, as a result of alpha irradiation, a state of ionization of tissue fluid occurs, which changes the direction and intensity of biochemical processes, which serves as a trigger for the restoration of impaired functions of human organs and tissues.

Lake "Bear" brine of sulfate-chloride magnesium-sodium type (salt content in concentration is not inferior to the Dead Sea - Israel)

Mineral water "Medvezhye-11" is characterized as sodium chloride medicinal table water.

List of diseases

Diseases of the nervous system: neuroses, neurasthenia.

Diseases of the musculoskeletal system: osteochondrosis, radiculitis, consequences of fractures and injuries, ostomyelitis.

Respiratory diseases: bronchitis, bronchial asthma, tonsillitis, etc.

Diseases of the female genital area: inflammatory processes, ovarian dysfunction, infertility of various etiologies.

Diseases of the male reproductive system: chronic prostatitis, infertility.

Treatment of frequently ill children: sore throats, bronchitis, increased immunity.

Scoliosis, poor posture, flat feet, cerebral palsy.

Treatment of postoperative adhesions, post-burn scars.

Natural healing factors

Mineral water, mud.

Natural mineral waters and healing mud are the main wealth of the Usolsky sanatorium.

Description of healing factors

Mineral water
The composition of the water is unique. According to the analysis data, "Institute of Problems of Technology of Microelectronics and Highly Pure Materials of the Russian Academy of Sciences" of the Moscow Region, "Institute of Problems of Ecology and Evolution named after A.N. Severtsev" Moscow, "Tomsk Research Institute of Balneology and Physiotherapy" Tomsk, Usolsky The baths are called, according to the main ingredients, bromine-chloride-sodium; their healing properties are enhanced by the high content of hydrogen sulfide, as well as bromine, iodine, silicic acid, potassium, manganese, and a fraction of strontium for better absorption calcium.

The natural water of the Usol springs, traveling through underground labyrinths, washes the rocks encountered, is saturated with underground salts, minerals, gases and acquires healing properties, and then rises to the surface through springs and springs. The uniqueness of the Usolskoye field is the natural pressure with which jets of water rise to the surface of the reservoir. Two artesian wells 500 meters deep provide water with a free path to the surface of the earth.

Another powerful healing factor in the Usolye Sanatorium is peat-silt mud.
They are mined 12 km from the Usolye Sanatorium from Solenoe Lake. The history of the appearance of healing mud in the Usolsky region is also very interesting. At the beginning of the century before last, the British, conducting geodetic research, drilled a well 12 kilometers from Usolye. The water taken from it for testing was, for some reason, not suitable for salt extraction, and the foreigners abandoned the well. The water flowing outside caused a lot of trouble to the local residents, and they threw stones at the artificial spring. However, moisture still seeped out and gradually a small peat bog formed in this place, which was soaked in brine for more than a hundred years. In 1928, the “hundred-year-old” mud from this place was studied for its healing properties and has since been actively used to treat various diseases. It should be noted that the reserves of healing mud are not unlimited. According to estimates, they will only last for the next decades. So, those who want to experience their healing properties for themselves should hurry up. Based on a study of medicinal mud by the Tomsk Research Institute, according to the main classification criteria The mud can be recognized as corresponding to mineralized sulfide peat therapeutic mud.

Mineral water

Description of healing factors

Mineral water
In 1975, 2 wells were drilled on the territory of the Karacharovo sanatorium center to provide a hydromineral base and treat diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. According to hydrochemical studies, the mineral water withdrawn from the well belongs to low-mineralized sulfate-magnesium-calcium waters. (XII group Ashgabat waters).

It is extracted from a well 480 m deep, where no contact with aquiferous upper layers is guaranteed;

The chemical composition of water has remained unchanged since the start of well operation. The place of water accumulation was carried out in lime-gypsum caves, which are a natural filter, which ensures crystal purity and a refreshing spring taste;

Toxic microelements, including nitrogen compounds, heavy metals, and radionuclides were not detected or their concentration is significantly lower than the maximum permissible standards;

The water is low-mineralized, is actively used as a table water, and does not taste salty. It contains only the amount of mineral salts necessary for treatment, without leading to their excessive accumulation in the body.

In terms of its chemical composition, it is a unique product of nature.

At the International Congress on Balneology in 1996 in Moscow, she was awarded a diploma and entered the top ten of the 160 waters in the world represented.

Also, on the territory of the Karacharovo sanatorium center, natural mineral drinking table water has been produced since 1970. According to hydrochemical studies, mineral water is classified as weakly mineralized fresh waters hydrocarbonate magnesium-calcium composition. Natural drinking table water "Karacharovo" is used without boiling as a table water and as a basis for preparing food, drinks, diluting juices and concentrates.

Distinctive features compared to other analogues:

It is extracted from a well 180 m deep, where no contact with aquiferous upper layers is guaranteed;

The chemical composition of water has not changed since the start of operation of the well;

Water "Karacharovo" is unique in its chemical composition, balance of mineral properties that have a healing effect on the human body, has a beneficial effect on digestion, removes toxins from the body, refreshes and tones;

"Karacharovo" replenishes the lack of useful minerals and microelements, so necessary for the health of an adult, and indispensable in the formation and growth of a child;

Mineral water (brine) for external use
The main healing factor in the sanatorium is mineral water (brine) for external use from a well, which was drilled on the territory of the sanatorium complex. It is directly supplied to the medical building, to the bathroom department.
In accordance with MU of the Ministry of Health of Russia No. 2000/34 “Classification of mineral waters and medicinal mud for the purposes of their certification,” the mineral waters of the well belong to bromine chloride sodium strong brines, which can be used for dispensing external balneological procedures with appropriate dilution.

The Sosnovy Bor sanatorium offers spa treatment using sulfide-silt lake-spring mud from the floodplain of the Ivkinka River, containing up to 1500 mg/kg of hydrogen sulfide, impregnated with highly mineralized chloride-sulfate-sodium water from its own well.

Medical and health tourism

Medical and health tourism, as a type of ecological tourism, is a type of sanatorium-resort treatment and considers the organization of population health from the point of view of travel technology. This is achieved through the formation of a tourism product, which is based on a therapeutic or health-improving technology that improves the quality of life by fully satisfying the need for recreation, recovery and treatment using various components of the natural complex (landscape, comfortable climate, healthy regime, change of environment, etc.) and - such methods of influencing the human body as balneo-, peloid-, landscape-, thalasso- and climatotherapy.

Medical and health tourism has a number of distinctive features. Firstly, your stay at the resort, regardless of the type of illness or disease, must be long, at least three weeks. Only in this case the desired healing effect is achieved. Secondly, treatment at resorts is expensive. Although relatively cheap tours have recently begun to be developed, this type of tourism is designed mainly for wealthy clients who are increasingly focusing on something other than the standard package. medical services, and on individual program treatment. Another feature is that older people go to resorts. age group when they get worse chronic diseases or a weakening body is unable to cope with everyday stress at work and at home. Accordingly, these tourists choose between resorts that specialize in the treatment of a specific disease, and mixed-type resorts that have a general strengthening effect on the body and help restore strength.

History of the development of medical and health tourism

Traveling for medicinal purposes has a long history. Even the ancient Greeks and Romans used healing springs and places with favorable climate in order to improve your health. Not only sick people, but also healthy people who wanted to relax and had sufficient funds for this, arrived at the resorts. In Greece Epidaurus and Kos were famous, and in Rome the secular seaside resort of Baiae was famous.

Times have changed, but the motivation for traveling remains the same. The healing properties of natural factors, as before, attract patients to resort areas. The flows of tourists for medicinal purposes are not yet as numerous as the masses of those wishing to relax and have fun, but they are growing rapidly and their geography is expanding.

Back in the 18th century, Peter I, returning from treatment at foreign resorts, ordered the court doctors to “look for spring waters in our state that can be used for various diseases.”

The development of the resort business in Russia was greatly facilitated by the activities of the Russian Balneological Society on the Caucasian Mineral Waters, founded in 1863 by the famous doctor S.A. Smirnov. F.A. did a lot of work on the Caucasian mineral waters. Batalin, who summed up the previous study mineral springs and offered a comprehensive description of their condition and development prospects. In the second half of the 19th century, medicinal climatic areas in Siberia were examined - Yamarovka and Darasun. Gradually, the geography of the study of mineral waters is expanding and moving through the Urals to Siberia. In 1868, researcher Afanasy Bushuev discovered mineral springs in the Sea of Okhotsk. Along with the healing properties of mineral waters and mud, a beneficial effect of climate on patients on the southern coast of Crimea was discovered. The healing properties of kumiss were also revealed. The network of health resorts using natural healing resources gradually expanded. But scientific work The study of natural healing factors was carried out mainly by enthusiasts (F.P. Gaaz, F.A. Batalin, A.P. Nelyubin, etc.).

Specifics of medical and health tourism

The contingent of vacationers at resorts is specific. There is a very large proportion of elderly people and people who are physically weak and sick. Therefore, most resorts are characterized by increased comfort. Treatment involves undergoing a certain course of procedures, the total duration of which is from 10 to 30 days. Therefore, the duration of stay at the resort is much higher than the average in tourism. This, as well as the fact that the cost of staying at the resort includes payment for medical procedures, medical supervision, as well as increased comfort, makes resort tourism one of the most expensive types.

Recently, the health tourism market has been undergoing changes. Traditional resorts are becoming increasingly multifunctional health centers designed for a wide range of consumers. There is a growing number of people in the world who want to maintain good physical shape and need restorative anti-stress programs. These are mostly middle-aged people who are no strangers to active physical recreation. In addition, the reorientation of resorts to a new market segment is associated with a reduction in financial support from municipalities and the state.

There are different types of resort and medical institutions. In Russia, the main type of medical and preventive institution at resorts is a sanatorium (from the Latin Sano - I treat, heal). Small resort institutions are hospitals (water and mud baths), health resorts, and boarding houses. A prerequisite for any resort establishment is the presence medical personnel, treatment and health monitoring.

It is desirable that in each region there is a group of resorts with a variety of therapeutic areas intended for the local population, since for vacationers at resorts, especially the elderly and people with poor health, staying in other natural areas or time zones requires long acclimatization in new conditions, and also upon return. This can lead to low effectiveness of treatment at a resort remote from your permanent place of residence.

The science of balneology

Medical and health tourism involves the movement of residents and non-residents within state borders and beyond state borders for a period of at least 20 hours and no more than 6 months. for health purposes, for the prevention of various diseases of the human body. Medical and health tourism is based on balneology.

Resortology is the science of natural healing factors, their effects on the body and methods of use for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes.

Main sections of balneology:

Balneology is a branch of balneology that studies medicinal mineral waters, their origin, physicochemical properties, effects on the body in various diseases, developing indications for their use in resorts and in non-resort conditions.

Balneotherapy - methods of treatment, prevention and restoration of impaired body functions using natural and artificially prepared mineral waters in resorts and in non-resort conditions.

Mud therapy is a method of treatment and prevention of body diseases using peloids, i.e. therapeutic mud of various origins, at resorts and in non-resort conditions.

Climatotherapy is a set of methods for treating and preventing diseases of the body using dosed exposure to climatic and weather factors and special climatic procedures on the human body.

Resortography - a description of the location and natural conditions of resorts and resort areas with a description of their therapeutic factors, balneotherapeutic, climatotherapeutic and other conditions for treatment and recreation.

Resorts and their typology

A resort is a territory that has natural healing factors and the necessary conditions for their use for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes.

Resort is an area that has valuable natural properties suitable for treatment with mineral waters, therapeutic mud or special climatic conditions (seas, lakes, mountain landscapes, forest areas, steppes, etc.).

The following requirements apply to resorts:

1) the presence of natural healing factors that provide normal functioning resort;

2) necessary technical devices and buildings for rational use resort factors (swimming pools, mud baths, beaches, etc.);

3) specially adapted premises for treatment and housing (sanatoriums, rest homes);

4) the presence of treatment and prophylactic institutions providing medical service sick and vacationers;

5) the presence of health facilities, sports facilities and playgrounds;

6) the presence of public institutions, catering establishments, trade and consumer services, cultural and educational institutions;

7) convenient entrances and means of communication;

8) landscaped territory, engineering and technical structures providing electricity and water supply, sewerage.

The specialization of any resort is determined by resort factors - natural healing factors used for the purposes of prevention, therapy and medical rehabilitation of patients at resorts.

Main resort factors:

Landscape and climatic conditions;

healing mud;

mineral water.

All resorts can be divided into 6 types:

1. Balneological mud resort - a type of resort where mineral waters and therapeutic mud dominate as the main healing factors.

2. Balneoclimatic resort - a type of resort where climate and mineral waters are the main healing factors.

3. Balneological resort - a type of resort where mineral waters are used as the main healing factors (for internal and external use).

4. Mud resort - a type of resort where therapeutic mud acts as the main healing factors.

5. Climato-kumys-therapeutic resort - a type of resort where the steppe and forest-steppe climate and kumiss - a fermented milk drink made from mare's milk - are used as the main therapeutic factors.

6. Climatic resort:

seaside climatic resort;

mountain climatic resort.

At the balneological resort, natural mineral waters are used as the main healing factor. They are recommended for external use (baths) and internal (inhalation, drinking, etc.) consumption. Mineral waters help cure many ailments. Among the patients coming to balneological resorts are mainly people with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular and nervous systems, respiratory tract and musculoskeletal system. Treatment at these resorts gives results comparable to the effects of conventional medications, but eliminates side effects, inevitable when taking medications, the period of remission is extended, the likelihood of subsequent exacerbations and their intensity is reduced.

Mud resorts are tied to deposits of therapeutic mud (peloids). Mud therapy is indicated mainly for pathologies of the joints, nervous system of traumatic origin, as well as for gynecological and some other diseases.

Climatic resorts are as varied as the climate itself. In the structure of climatic resorts in the world, forest (plain) resorts account for approximately 11.3%, mountain resorts - 24.2%, and climatic-kumys-therapeutic resorts - about 4.2%. Each of them has a unique combination of climatic and weather factors (temperature, Atmosphere pressure, solar radiation, etc.), which are used for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. The profile of the resort depends on the combination of these factors. If forest resorts with a continental climate are indicated for people suffering from upper respiratory tract diseases, asthma, nervous system disorders, then staying at mountain resorts recommended for initial forms of tuberculosis and anemia. The most common and popular type of climatic resort is seaside. These resorts make up 60.3% of the structure of climatic resorts in the world. All larger number tourists are discovering opportunities to combine seaside holidays with effective treatment. The maritime climate has a beneficial effect on people with diseases of the blood, bone tissue, and lymph glands.

Along with the three main types of resorts - balneological, mud and climatic - transitional types are distinguished. They use several natural healing factors at once, for example, mineral waters and mud or climate and mineral waters. Transitional resorts are widespread in Europe and are increasingly attracting tourists from different countries. IN last years Spa resorts have become widespread. Such resorts are organized not only in recreational areas, but also in large cities, even in hotels intended for business tourism.

According to forecasts, demand will continue to grow, because healthy body and a healthy mind is not just a matter of fashion. An individual program developed by spa center specialists not only makes a person healthier, but also contributes to a more positive perception of life. Recently, hotels with spa complexes at balneological resorts have been very popular, as well as special spa hotels, where the goals of healing and relaxation using a variety of water procedures and other means come first. Five-star city hotels are sure to provide their guests with the services of fitness or spa centers.

There are several versions of the origin of this term. The most common belief is that it is an abbreviation of the Latin saying sanus per aqua - "health through water." Perhaps it came from the name of the Belgian town of Spa with mineral springs, where the first balneological resort was organized (from the Latin balneum - “bath”).

Healing with mineral water and medicinal mud has been known for a long time. Even the ancient Greeks used baths with permanent ingredients to improve their health. The famous Roman baths - therms - appeared shortly before our era. With the spread of Christianity in medieval Europe, the bathhouse culture was forgotten. Only at the end of the 17th century, when it was proven that water procedures have a healing effect on the human body, they again became in demand, although in the East this tradition was not interrupted (remember, for example, the Turkish hammam bath, which has existed for many centuries).

Nowadays, spa hotels and hotels with spa complexes (usually high-category accommodation facilities), as a rule, are located at balneological resorts next to thermal mineral springs, which makes it possible to use water of a certain chemical composition and temperature for various medicinal, health and cosmetic purposes.

In the spa complex of a large expensive hotel, in addition to the usual set (sauna, swimming pool, massage), clients are offered daily water therapy, which implies the presence of a variety of physiotherapeutic equipment and licensed specialists - doctors and cosmetologists. It provides rooms for hydrotherapy, cosmetic care for face and body, sauna (mini pool, spa bar, rooms for group/individual fitness classes or other types of physical exercise (yoga, water aerobics, etc.), relaxation area, locker room. Such hotels can be located both within the city and beyond, even at ski resorts, where increasingly spa programs are offered as an additional service.For example, conference or exhibition participants can take an intensive course for relaxation, stress relief or weight loss.

Spa sanatorium-type hotels are located in the resort area and have a full range of physiotherapy programs. Before going there, it is advisable to consult a doctor. They also offer wellness programs - general health, relaxation and beauty, which are suitable for a completely healthy person.

In sanatorium-type hotels, individual accommodation is provided in a room with a shower; the client is provided with bathrobes, slippers and towels. Here you can get a complete diagnosis of your physical condition, and after completing a course of full treatment (21 - 24 days), achieve long-term remission (absence of manifestations of the disease). Traditional spa services are complemented special diets And physical exercise: hiking and cycling, tennis, golf. Such hotels must have a landscaped area with a park and flower beds, indoor and outdoor swimming pools.

Separately, we can note hotels with thalassotherapy centers (sea treatment) at seaside resorts, where sea water and sea products (algae, sea salt, therapeutic muds), as well as products from well-known cosmetic lines. Swimming in the sea, sunbathing, walking along the shore have a healing effect on the body and mood of a person, which together refreshes and renews the skin, calms the nerves, strengthens muscles, and improves not only the body, but also the soul. Therefore, staying in the now very fashionable hotels with thalassotherapy centers is not so much treatment as relaxation and a pleasant pastime with health benefits. French cosmetologists have found that the effect of a weekly course lasts six to eight months.

There are such centers in many countries of the world that have a sea coast, because sea water should be stored in tanks for no more than 48 hours and never reused. In Europe there are especially many of them in France, Cyprus, Italy and Spain, in South-East Asia- on the islands of Koh Samui (Thailand) and Bali (Indonesia).

You can plunge into the atmosphere of luxury and pampering by staying in a large four-five-star spa hotel, where life is subordinated to one task: every client should improve their health and relax, relieve stress and disconnect from everyday worries. They usually have so many treatments to offer that it is worth getting information about them in advance.

Some spa hotels book rooms only if the client immediately orders spa treatments, while in others the “spa menu” can be compiled upon arrival at the place. The cult of a healthy lifestyle reigns here. Sportswear, use mobile phones and perfume is kept to a minimum. Restaurants offer balanced and healthy dishes. With the help of a variety of water procedures, the so-called spa menu offered in each specific center can increase muscle tone, relax, get rid of diseases and stress, lose weight and look younger. It is advisable that all procedures be agreed upon with a doctor, as many of them have contraindications.

Hydrotherapy includes many different techniques: showers, baths (general, local, sitz), steam inhalations, rubbing, compresses (hot and cold), wraps and much more. On average, the procedure lasts 15 - 20 minutes, some - three to four minutes (for example, irrigation of the nasal cavity). The most popular are showers and baths. The shower gently envelops the body or, conversely, massages (tones) it. Moreover, water flows should be directed from peripheral organs to the heart. Showers vary in temperature: cold (+8...+18°C), indifferent (+33...+35°C), warm (+36...+38°C), hot (from +40°C); according to the shape and direction of the jets: rain, needle, dust, circular, jet (Charcot and Scottish showers), fan, ascending; according to the degree of water pressure: low (up to 1 atm), medium (1.5 - 2 atm), high (2.5 - 4 atm); by localization of impact: general or local. For example, an underwater shower massage is carried out in a special bath with a compact stream of water, as a result of which the patient’s blood circulation and lymph flow improves and has a tonic effect on the body. Among the technically complex ones, we can note the Snail shower complex shower installation, which combines seven types of shower (circular, rain, dust, tropical, needle, fan and Scottish) and affects the senses: touch (body massage with jets of various shapes, temperatures and pressures ), smell (aromatherapy), vision (special lighting). Various baths are divided into general, local and half-baths. In spa centers, baths with mineral water (carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, radon, nitrogen, chloride, sodium) of varying degrees of mineralization and temperature are widely used. Many ladies prefer pearl baths, when bubbling air bubbles provide a kind of “tactile massage.” Ozone molecules penetrate the skin and activate the antioxidant system in superficial tissues. In sitz baths for the thighs, both cold and hot water are used (according to indications), as well as for local baths (for the legs or arms). Expensive spa hotels often offer a “Cleopatra bath,” designed for water treatments combined with aromatherapy. Sea water or salt, algae, wine, milk, honey, rose petals, green tea, infusions of herbs and flowers, as well as medicines can be added to it. It is used for hardening, prevention and treatment of various diseases, and stress relief. Rubdowns are used for medicinal and hygienic purposes, as well as for hardening. They can be general or local, with added salts or essential oils to enhance the irritant effect on the skin. Wraps can be full or partial, wet or dry. Local wet wraps are widely used. Cold compresses cause spasm of superficial blood vessels, hot compresses increase local blood flow and metabolism, and reduce muscle tone. Spa centers also use applications with therapeutic mud, clay or herbal decoctions. Active water medical procedures Cold rubbing and dousing with water of varying temperatures are considered.

Modern spa hotels have up to six or more different baths, reflecting the centuries-old traditions of different countries. Some of the oldest are Greek and Roman baths with rooms for dry and wet baths, rest and undressing, washing and a swimming pool. In Turkish baths, the floor is warmed by hot air, and hot water spilled on the floor creates abundant steam. Finnish saunas and Roman-Irish baths are very popular. These are air baths with a moderate temperature of 50 - 60°C. Hot air passes under the floor and along the walls of the preparation room and steam room, and then enters through holes in the floor. A special pipe for the exhaust air exit makes the atmosphere in such a steam room healthier than in a Roman bath. The healing and healing effect of the traditional Russian bath using various aromatic brooms is known. There is a growing interest in traditional Japanese baths: dry baths using hot sawdust and water baths, which are located in a large wooden barrel.

Among the most common procedures included in the “menu” of spa centers, one can note mud therapy (peloid therapy), used for therapeutic, prophylactic and rehabilitation purposes, clay therapy, phototherapy (light treatment), in particular heliotherapy (solar irradiation), massage (traditional, manual, Thai, Ayurvedic, etc.), aromatherapy, etc. Various cosmetic, tonic, relaxing, anti-cellulite, detoxification, anti-stress, rejuvenating and other wellness programs are offered in such quantities that they can only be limited by the time spent at the hotel.

General principles of organizing treatment and recovery at resorts

The result of the high professional level of doctors, the skillful hands of massage therapists and experts in the field of aesthetics - all this is used to help resort guests find a state of harmony and tranquility. As part of any wellness program, you can, for an additional fee, get a consultation with a specialist doctor who will prescribe an individual diet for you to follow at home.

As a rule, resort guests have free access to the main infrastructure of the resort (use of swimming pools with thermal water, hydromassage; gym where they can attend group sports classes, etc.). The most important principles of organizing sanatorium-resort treatment are the availability of treatment, focus, a unified system for monitoring health status and the effectiveness of treatment before, during and after a stay at the resort.

The most important principle of sanatorium-resort treatment is its complexity, i.e. the use of a variety of natural healing factors in combination with diet therapy, physiotherapy, exercise therapy, drug therapy and other methods. The main natural healing factor is climate. Along with the climate, mineral waters and medicinal mud are also used. The most important task of the ongoing course of treatment and recovery is the normalization of the functions of the central nervous system, which helps to streamline the activities of the cardiovascular, respiratory systems, metabolic processes. Mandatory elements of treatment and recovery at resorts are therapeutic exercises, health paths, sports games, exercise therapy.

For the effectiveness of spa treatment, general resort, sanatorium and individual regimes are of particular importance. The general resort regime applies to the entire territory of the resort and is regulated by the rules of procedure at this resort. It includes the regulated work of resort-wide diagnostic, medical and resort amenities, as well as noise control. The sanatorium regime is the routine and rhythm of life in the sanatorium, which determines a certain periodicity of influence on the patient. The sanatorium regime provides both general rules for all patients, as well as individual instructions and recommendations of the attending physician regarding the patient’s daily routine and the implementation of treatment prescriptions. An individual regimen is compiled individually for each patient and is determined after the first conversation with the doctor. It depends on the nature of the disease and the patient’s condition and can be training, when an increased impact of procedures is used, or gentle - with a limitation in the amount and intensity of the applied therapeutic effect.

Your stay at the sanatorium can be divided into three stages:

The initial period (adaptation), in which a gentle regimen is applied and treatment procedures are not yet prescribed in full; this period coincides with the additional examination of the patient and usually does not exceed 2 - 3 days.

The main treatment period, during which the treatment complex is fully implemented (on average 20 days);

The final period (2 - 3 days), when a gentle regimen is reintroduced and patients rest after completing the treatment cycle.

Examples health programs offered at resorts

"Modern thermal program" (8 days)

Provides for a medical examination, doctor supervision during the entire period, 6 sessions of mud therapy and thermal ozone baths, 4 therapeutic massages (reflexology, therapeutic, sports, hydromassage), 2 massages - relaxing and pain-relieving (shiatsu, reiki, Ayurvedic, stone therapy with hot stones), 4 procedures for beauty and health.

"Power control" (8 days)

A medical examination is provided, doctor supervision during the entire period of procedures, 6 mud therapy sessions, 6 showers and baths with thermal ozonated and aromatized water, 2 slimming massages with local anti-cellulite effects, 1 lymphatic drainage massage for figure modeling, 2 lymphatic drainage for the whole body, 2 pressotherapy, 1 cosmetologist procedure according to an individual body program and a visit to a nutritionist, menu according to an individual program, thermal card.

"Thermal mud" (3 days)

A medical examination, doctor supervision during the entire period of procedures, 3 thermal mud applications, showers and baths with thermal ozonized water, therapeutic massage, thermal card are provided.

Modern medical and health tourism

Recently, the health tourism market has been undergoing changes. Traditional sanatorium resorts are no longer a place of treatment and recreation for the elderly, but will be replaced by multifunctional health centers designed for a wide range of consumers.

Modern transformations of resort centers are due to two circumstances. First of all, a change in the nature of demand for medical and health services. A healthy lifestyle is becoming fashionable, and all over the world there is a growing number of people who want to maintain good physical shape and need restorative anti-stress programs. These are mainly middle-aged people who prefer leisure and often limited in time. According to many experts, type consumers will be the main clients of sanatorium resorts and a guarantee of the prosperity of medical and health tourism in the 21st century.

The second reason for the reorientation of resorts is that their traditional support, including financial support, from municipalities and the state is declining. Health resorts are forced to diversify their product in order to enter new segments of the consumer market and attract additional customers.

While maintaining the therapeutic function, resorts make the program of stay for patients more varied and hold cultural and sporting events. They offer a wide range of health and recuperation services. Thalassotherapy has recently been very popular in seaside hotels; the Anti-Cellulite and Phyto-Beauty-Rejuvenation programs are also in high demand. The duration of treatment and recovery courses becomes more flexible.

However, holidays at resorts are not only medical purposes, but providing a leisure and entertainment program rich in various animation cycles that can raise vitality vacationers, satisfy their spiritual and emotional needs.

When choosing a place to relax in a health resort, people take into account not only medical factors, but also the sports and animation services that the health resort can offer.

Changes in the recreational needs of the population and their demands for the quality of recreation have led to the development of a resort and recreational system, the main goal of which is to improve human health, quality and life expectancy.

The modern market for medical and recreational recreation includes recreational enterprises providing medical services, travel companies - intermediary enterprises selling services.

Medical services belong to the most expensive category, because... are based on the use of valuable natural medicinal resources, the exploitation of which requires complex balneotechnical management and medical equipment. Providing treatment services is impossible without the presence of specially trained personnel. Health resorts also provide special dietary meals for vacationers.

At the same time, at medical resorts the entire structure inherent in simply health centers is preserved: comfortable conditions accommodation of vacationers and providing them with interesting entertainment and sports programs. Therefore, holidays at health resorts always cost much more than other types of health holidays.

Therapeutic recreation has a number of distinctive features. Firstly, the stay at the resort, regardless of the type of the latter and the disease, must be long, at least 3 weeks (but today there are programs designed for 7-10 days). Only in this case the desired healing effect is achieved. Secondly, treatment at resorts is expensive. Although relatively cheap tours have recently begun to be developed, this type of tourism is designed mainly for wealthy clients who are increasingly focused not on a standard set of medical services, but on an individual treatment program. Another feature is that people of the older age group traditionally go to resorts when chronic illnesses worsen or the weakening body is unable to cope with everyday stress at work and at home. Accordingly, these tourists make a choice between resorts specializing in the treatment of a specific disease and mixed-type resorts, which have a general strengthening effect on the body and promote recuperation.

A week-long tour, one-day hiking and excursions combined with comfort (trekking) in the mountain resort of Khadzhokh (Adygea, Krasnodar Territory). Tourists live at the camp site and visit numerous natural monuments. Rufabgo waterfalls, Lago-Naki plateau, Meshoko gorge, Big Azish cave, Belaya River Canyon, Guam gorge.

Health is the main wealth of a person. And more and more people are thinking about how to maintain their health. Therefore, they choose medical tourism, that is, combining relaxation with treatment.

But we are not always able to deal with it in the hustle and bustle of everyday life, leaving visits to doctors and all sorts of procedures for later.
In such a situation, the ideal solution would be a sanatorium holiday: an opportunity to have a pleasant vacation and take care of your health.
In this material we will look at the 5 best, from our point of view, directions for sanatorium holiday in Russia.

Kashin is a small quiet town, where a calm life, clean air and natural beauty invite you to relax. And that’s not the only reason you can improve your health here.

Thanks to its mineral springs, Kashin became one of the first balneological resorts in Russia. In addition to taking water inside and taking baths, peat mud treatment began in 1912.

The Kashin sanatorium has one of the largest hydromineral and mud bases among the resorts of central Russia. Mineral waters of various chemical compositions (sodium-magnesium-calcium sulfate, magnesium-calcium chloride-sulfate) are used for baths, irrigation and drinking treatment.

Sodium chloride brines (mineralization about 200 g/l), containing bromine (530 mg/l), are used in diluted form for baths. Peat therapeutic mud is used for baths, applications and other procedures.

The main natural healing factors in the Lipetsk region are the excellent climate, mineral water and healing mud. The springs, which are used by all sanatoriums in the Lipetsk region, contain a huge amount of useful components for the body: sodium salts, iron, calcium and magnesium.

The water of Lipetsk mineral springs is characterized as low-mineralized sodium chloride-sulfate, weakly purified. Water also helps improve activity digestive system, and stimulation of its motor and secretory functions. This water is also often used for healing baths and other procedures.

Sanatoriums in the Lipetsk region offer recreation for both adults and children.

Here you can not only strengthen your immune system, but also cure many ailments and diseases, such as hepatitis, gastritis, peptic ulcers, colitis, cholecystitis and any metabolic disorders in the body.

Caucasian Mineral Waters

The Caucasian Mineral Waters resorts are located in the Caucasus, in the Stavropol Territory and unite four resort cities: Kislovodsk, Essentuki, Pyatigorsk, Zheleznovodsk.

These healing places have been famous for a long time. Even in the time of A.S. Pushkin, nobles came to the waters - to spend time in decent society, also vacationers, and to relax with health benefits and improve their health.

Excellent opportunities to improve your health are provided by the sanatoriums of Pyatigorsk, which offer comprehensive treatment with mineral waters, medical procedures and beautiful foothill air, filled with the aromas of coniferous forests and foothill meadows.

Both adults and children's sanatorium-resort institutions in Pyatigorsk have won a high trust rating and a lot of excellent reviews from vacationers. The main diseases that can be treated at the resorts of Pyatigorsk are associated with childhood diseases, women's diseases, diseases of the musculoskeletal system and others.

The main advantages of sanatorium-resort treatment are a complete change of environment, complete rest and therapeutic effects with full control from experienced doctors.

The wonderful sanatoriums of Kislovodsk treat with natural factors and an abundance of various mineral waters, which have a wonderful effect on internal organs person.

Zheleznovodsk sanatoriums, of which there are more than two dozen, provide excellent treatment opportunities. Zheleznovodsk itself is part of the Kavminvod group of resort towns and receives several thousand vacationers a year. It is the smallest of the group of resort towns, but also the cleanest and tidiest.

The main specialization of Zheleznovodsk sanatoriums is the treatment of kidney disorders and urinary tract, diseases of the digestive organs and metabolic disorders. The city has a unique ecological situation, since all enterprises are located outside the city limits and do not pollute the surrounding air.

Even in the last century, the Essentuki sanatoriums gained fame as the most popular balneological and drinking resorts in the Caucasian Mineral Waters region. Natural mineral waters, the sources of which do not dry out, are known throughout the world.

It is enough to mention the Essentuki-17 mineral water, which is prescribed to all those suffering from diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

In Essentuki, all those who suffer from diseases of the digestive system seek treatment, and what mineral water does to the digestive tract is difficult to describe. Many leave with practically healthy organs.

The sanatoriums of the Volga region of Russia will provide excellent relaxation on the picturesque banks of rivers and lakes. In addition, most sanatoriums offer special treatment programs for most serious chronic diseases.

In the sanatoriums of the Volga region you can not only have a wonderful rest, but at the same time improve your health. All institutions are equipped with high-quality equipment necessary for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of various organs and systems of the human body.

Sulfide waters are widespread in all regions of the Volga region.

Volzhskaya Matsesta - strong sulfide waters - is the main healing factor of the Chuvashia sanatorium, Cheboksary, Chuvashia. In the Saratov region, sources of sulfide mineral waters are located near the city of Engels.

Deposits of sulfide waters in the Saratov region are described in all pre-revolutionary publications on balneology as Stolypin waters (now the Chapaev resort).

Sodium chloride brines (salt waters) with mineralization from 35 to 150 g/l were discovered in various regions of the Volga region at depths from 400 to 1500 m: Udmurt sanatoriums "Varzi-Yatchi" and "Metallurg", "Mokasha" in Mordovia, "Tinaki" in the Astrakhan region. These waters are often characterized by a fairly high bromine content (100–130 mg/l).

Bromide chloride sodium brines are common in the Nizhny Novgorod region in the area of the resort village of Green City.

Bromide brines with high bromine content - Prikamsky deposit in Naberezhnye Chelny, Tatarstan (Br up to 700 mg/l) and deposits in the area of Serdobsk, Penza region (sanatorium "Polesie" Br 500-600 mg/l), - according to bromine content can compete with the waters of the Dead Sea.

Sanatoriums in Crimea have a long history. Even 200 years ago, Russian scientists laid the foundations of sanatorium and resort treatment in Crimea. During this time, new sanatoriums were built, the comfortable buildings of which fit perfectly into the local landscape.

Magnificent nature, the gentle warm Black Sea, the lush greenery of the most beautiful parks - all this favors a long holiday season, which ends in late autumn. That is why holidays in Crimea are wonderful not only in the hot summer, but also in the soft warmth of autumn.

Holidays in Crimea are not just relaxation, but also treatment: in addition to the healing climate, there are healing muds of Evpatoria and salt caves health resorts of the South Coast.

Crimean sanatoriums have their own specialization. For example, the sanatoriums of Evpatoria and Sak are known as medical children's health resorts, sanatoriums and boarding houses on the southern coast of Crimea specialize in the treatment of bronchopulmonary diseases. Crimean mineral waters are used in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.