Chlorhexidine liquid instructions for use. The solution can be used in two ways: for rinsing the mouth and filling the trays. Composition and form of release

The action of chlorhexidine has a broad antiseptic character, which means that it can help in the fight against most pathogenic microbes. How is the drug used in dentistry for rinsing the mouth, and what diseases does the solution save from?

Indications for use

In the field of periodontology, for 40 years, the drug has been used in the treatment of inflammatory processes. Even today, experts insist on its significant effectiveness, so they actively prescribe it to their patients. The special effect of chlorhexidine is manifested in the treatment of the following diseases of the oral cavity:

• during the course infectious processes;
• with diseases of the throat;
• in the treatment of symptoms of stomatitis and ulcers;
• after suffering severe injuries;
• with inflammation of the gums;
• V postoperative period associated with tooth extraction;
• as excipient when cleaning braces and dentures.

The drug seems to envelop the oral cavity with a film, capturing the inflamed area, and lasts for some time. When chlorhexidine substances make their way inside the affected area, they stop their oxygen consumption, and block the further development of the bacterial environment, which causes their destruction. A similar situation exists with the elimination purulent processes.

Solution composition

The key components of the tool, actively used in dental practice, are:

• solution concentration 0.1%– used for processing and disinfection of dentures;
• 2% chlorhexidine- not used for cleaning the oral cavity, but only for direct contact with the root canal, only by experienced dentists;
• concentration 0.05%- is the most popular in the field of dentistry: it is used for rinsing the mouth area, in cleansing the mucous membrane, as an antiseptic, etc.

Release form

In dental practice, the drug chlorhexidine is used only in liquid form, or in the form of a spray for children. The product is poured into small plastic bottles or darkened glass containers, in which 100 ml of the substance is placed.

Chlorhexidine in a glass container

pharmachologic effect

The active substance of chlorhexidine destroys the bacterial whip, which leads to its gradual destruction. He can't fight viruses., so when viral infection dentists do not prescribe it, with the exception of herpes.

The tool has good resistance to factors external environment. After rinsing, the film remains on the mucous membranes for several hours, which are necessary for the treatment of the disease. It is good if, before rinsing, the patient warms up the liquid a little, as this increases the antiseptic intensity. The action is preserved even in a purulent environment, and blood impurities.

The use of chlorhexidine has a beneficial effect on the restoration of the body's protective cells. Chlorhexidine copes with inflammatory processes, reduces hyperemia, edema, and promotes the regeneration of mucous tissues.

Instructions for use

Rinse your mouth with undiluted chlorhexidine.

Only an aqueous solution of chlorhexidine with a concentration of 0.05% is suitable for rinsing the mouth. The reception scheme is as follows:

• the drug is not diluted, as it is already ready for use. Just open the bottle and start using. It does not need to be diluted or diluted;
• rinsing is carried out for one minute, in which it is not allowed to stop. During this time, a thin therapeutic film is formed on the mucous membrane, which will be active several hours after rinsing;
• the reception scheme is repeated 2 times a day, namely in the morning and evening hours, about an hour before and after brushing your teeth with paste and dental floss;
• the treatment time should not exceed 12 days.

Dosage for children and adults

Treatment with chlorhexidine childhood it is carried out in small courses, the time of which also does not exceed 10 days, since the drug itself has no age restrictions. As for babies who do not yet know how to rinse their mouth, and swallow the solution, for their treatment, the solution is sprayed onto the affected area from a special nozzle.

It is impossible to apply the drug in the throat itself, but only on the affected foci. The main thing is that the composition does not get on the tonsils.

Adults for rinsing the cavity gain a small amount of liquid (about 1 tablespoon), which is enough to come into contact with the oral cavity.

Duration of treatment, how often you can rinse

Chlorhexidine spray

The duration of the therapeutic course does not exceed 10-12 days, otherwise dysbacteriosis develops in the mouth. The latter is the cause of the development of fungi of the Candida species, and they gradually develop candidiasis.

After 12 day time, if desired, chlorhexidine is replaced by standard rinses for the oral cavity, with an anti-inflammatory focus, which is ensured by the concentration medicinal plants and fluorides.

How to apply

Considering different forms microorganisms that should be affected by chlorhexidine, the concentration and mechanism of treatment is selected by the dentist in individually, depending on the overall picture of the disease. Treatment examples can be viewed in the table below:

Disease	Concentration of chlorhexidine solution	Reception scheme	Duration of therapy
With stomatitis	0.05%	Apply after complete cleansing oral cavity. Rinse your mouth with the solution for 30-60 seconds without stopping, 2 times a day.	Up to 10 days
With gingivitis	0.05%	Rinse twice a day immediately after brushing your teeth and using dental floss.	Up to 10-12 days
With inflammation of the gums	0.05%	First, the patient rinses the oral cavity with a decoction of chamomile, or iodine-salt solution. Then, processes the mouth 1 tbsp. l. chlorhexidine. It is forbidden to eat food within 2 hours after the treatment procedure. For the treatment of infants, the affected areas are moistened with a cotton pad soaked in chlorhexidine.	Up to 10 days
After tooth extraction	0.05%	Treatment is carried out 1 hour after brushing your teeth, 2-3 times a day. The solution is typed into the mouth, and lasts 1-2 minutes, while the head tilts slightly from side to side. Head movements should not be too abrupt, in order to avoid injury to the protective blood clot. It is forbidden to eat food within 1 hour after treatment.	The time of therapy is supported by the doctor individually.
For toothache	0.05%	Rinse is carried out 3-5 times a day, holding the solution for 1-2 minutes.	7 days
With periodontal disease	0.05%	It is used at the time of removal of plaque in the form of trays. The tool must be in contact with pockets of periodontal tissue, and remain to act for 2-3 minutes.	5-7 days
IN preventive purposes	0.05%	Oral cavity caresses 20 seconds, 2 times a day	5 days

Side effects

Due to non-adherence to the treatment regimen, any person may experience unwanted symptoms and side effects:

• enamel discoloration;
• allergic reactions;
• changes in taste sensitivity;
• sometimes the remedy contributes to an increase in tartar.

How does it affect teeth?

Not so often, but if the treatment of teeth with chlorhexidine is not carried out according to the instructions, the color of the teeth becomes dark, with a grayish tint.

Overdose

In practice, cases of overdose with chlorhexidine have not been identified. If the patient accidentally swallowed the solution, he needs to drink Activated carbon(1 tablet per 10 kg of weight). You should also drink some milk.

Contraindications

The drug in the form of a liquid is not used for the treatment of children under 7 years of age, since at this age the risk of ingestion remains. For allergy sufferers, the drug is also prohibited.

The tool has no age restrictions, but during pregnancy it is allowed to take it only as directed by a doctor. By itself, chlorhexidine is not able to penetrate into the bloodstream or into breast milk.

Compatibility with other drugs

When interacting with certain drugs, chlorhexidine affects the occurrence of negative reactions:

• chlorhexidine is not compatible with iodine-based substances;
• well combined with medicines based on the anionic group;
• not used in conjunction with soap and anionic detergents.

Price

average cost the drug chlorhexidine Russian pharmacies is only 15-20 rubles for a 100 ml bottle. As for sprays, their price is several rubles more expensive.

Analogues

There are several medicines that can replace the action of chlorhexidine if an allergic reaction occurs to it. For example:

• Furacilin - about 50 rubles. for 10 tablets;
• Miramistin - 170 rubles. for a bottle of 150 ml;
• Hexoral - 200 rubles;
• Chlorophyllipt - 80 rubles.

These funds may have a completely different composition, but have a similar result.

Advantages and disadvantages

Like any drug, antiseptic has its positive and negative sides:

Chlorhexidine is medical device manufactured in the form of bigluconate. It has analgesic, antiseptic and antibacterial action. The tool is effective in the treatment of inflammatory diagnosis, preventing the further spread of negative processes.

LP-004963

Trade name:

Chlorhexidine

International non-proprietary name:

Chlorhexidine

Dosage form:

Solution for local and external use

Compound:

Description

Colorless or light yellow clear liquid, odorless or with a slight odor.

Pharmacotherapeutic group

Antiseptic.

ATC Code:

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacodynamics. An aqueous solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate is a local antiseptic, with a predominantly bactericidal effect. The antiseptic agent, depending on the concentration used, exhibits a bacteriostatic or bactericidal effect against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Bacteriostatic effect is manifested in a concentration of 0.01% or less; bactericidal - in a concentration of more than 0.01% at a temperature of 22 ° C and exposure for 1 minute. Fungicidal action - at a concentration of 0.05%, a temperature of 22 ° C and exposure for 10 minutes. Virucidal action (in relation to lipophilic viruses) - manifests itself at a concentration of 0.01-1%.
Effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (including Treponema spp., Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia spp.), viruses and fungi. Stable, after treatment of the skin (hands, operating field) is stored on it in a certain amount sufficient for the manifestation of a bactericidal effect. Retains activity (although somewhat reduced) in the presence of blood, pus, various secrets and organic matter.
It rarely causes allergic reactions, irritation of the skin and tissues, does not have a damaging effect on objects made of glass, plastic and metals.
Pharmacokinetics. Practically not absorbed from gastrointestinal tract. After accidental ingestion of 300 mg, the average maximum concentration achieved after 30 minutes and is 0.206 µg/l. It is excreted mainly by the intestines (90%), less than 1% is excreted by the kidneys.
The drug is not absorbed into the systemic circulation when topical application and has no systemic effect.

Indications for use

As a therapeutic and prophylactic agent for various infections, For antiseptic treatment and disinfection.
0.05% and 0.2% solutions: prevention of sexually transmitted infections (chlamydia, ureaplasmosis, trichomoniasis, gonorrhea, syphilis, genital herpes - use no later than 2 hours after intercourse); disinfection skin(damages, cracks). festering wounds, infected burns, bacterial and fungal diseases skin and mucous membranes, incl. in dentistry (rinsing and irrigation - gingivitis, stomatitis, aphthae, periodontitis, alveolitis), surgery, urology, obstetrics and gynecology.
0.2% solution: for the treatment and sanitation of the genital tract in gynecology during medical and diagnostic procedures, for disinfection removable dentures.
0.5% solution: for the treatment of wounds and burn surfaces; for the treatment of infected surfaces and cracks in the skin and open mucous membranes. For sterilization of medical instruments at a temperature of 70°C; disinfection of working surfaces of instruments (including thermometers) and equipment, heat treatment which is undesirable.
1% solution: disinfection of thermometers, work surfaces medical equipment and devices, the thermal treatment of which is undesirable, the processing of the surgical field and the hands of the surgeon before the operation, the disinfection of the skin, the treatment of postoperative and burn wounds.
5% solution: for the preparation of aqueous, glycerin and alcohol solutions with concentrations from 0.01 to 1%.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine and other components of the drug, dermatitis.

Carefully

Childhood, pregnancy, lactation.

Use during pregnancy and during breastfeeding

Use during pregnancy and during breastfeeding is used only if the intended benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus or child.
Before using the drug, if you are pregnant, or think that you could be pregnant, or plan to become pregnant, during breastfeeding, you should consult your doctor.

Dosage and administration

Chlorhexidine as a prophylactic and remedy used externally and locally.
0.05%, 0.2% and 0.5% aqueous solutions are used in the form of irrigations, rinses and applications - 5-10 ml of the solution is applied to the affected surface of the skin or mucous membranes with an exposure of 1-3 minutes 2-3 times a day (on a swab or by irrigation). Treatment of medical instruments and work surfaces is carried out with a clean sponge moistened with an antiseptic solution, or by soaking. For the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, the drug is effective if it is used no later than 2 hours after sexual intercourse. Use the nozzle to inject the contents of the vial into urethra men (2-3 ml), women (1-2 ml) and in the vagina (5-10 ml) for 2-3 minutes. Treat the skin internal surfaces thighs, pubis, genitals. After the procedure, do not urinate for 2 hours. Complex treatment urethritis and urethroprostatitis are carried out by injecting 2-3 ml of a 0.05% solution of chlorhexidine into the urethra 1-2 times a day, the course is 10 days, the procedures are prescribed every other day.

Side effect

allergic reactions ( skin rash), dry skin, itching, dermatitis, stickiness of the skin of the hands (within 3-5 minutes), photosensitivity.
In the treatment of gingivitis - staining of tooth enamel, deposition of tartar, taste disturbance.
If any of the side effects listed in the instructions get worse, or if you notice any other side effects not listed in the instructions, tell your doctor.

Overdose

Currently, cases of overdose with external and local application have not been reported; in case of accidental ingestion, it is practically not absorbed (gastric lavage should be done using milk, a raw egg, gelatin). If necessary, symptomatic therapy is carried out.

Interaction with other drugs

Apply in a neutral environment; at pH 5-8 the difference in activity is small; at a pH of more than 8 precipitates. The drug is not used in combination with anionic compounds, including soap. The drug is incompatible with carbonates, chlorides, phosphates, borates, sulfates and citrates. The use of hard water reduces the bactericidal properties.
Compatible with drugs containing a cationic group (benzalkonium chloride, cetrimonium bromide).
If you are using any of the above or other medicines (including OTC medicines), consult your doctor before taking this medicine.

special instructions

Patients with open craniocerebral trauma spinal cord, perforation eardrum contact with the surface of the brain, meninges and cavity should be avoided inner ear. In case of contact with the mucous membranes of the eye, they should be rinsed quickly and thoroughly with water.
Exposure of hypochlorite bleaching agents to fabrics that have previously been in contact with preparations containing chlorhexidine may contribute to the appearance of brown spots.
At temperatures above 100 °C, the preparation partially decomposes. Simultaneous use with iodine is not recommended.
When destroying an unused drug special measures precaution is not required.

Influence on the ability to drive vehicles and mechanisms

Not studied.

Release form

Solution for local and external use 0.05%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 1%, 5%.
25 ml, 50 ml and 100 ml in polyethylene bottles for polyethylene medicines high density low pressure complete with tamper evident cap made of low pressure high density polyethylene.
25 ml, 50 ml, 100 ml in polyethylene polymer bottles, sealed with polyethylene polymer droppers and polyethylene screw caps.
Each bottle, together with instructions for use, is placed in a box of cardboard boxes.
70 bottles of 25 ml each or 70 bottles of 50 ml each or 40 bottles of 100 ml each are packaged in polyethylene shrink film or in boxes with corrugated cardboard partitions or grids along with an equal number of instructions for use (for hospitals).
Labels made of label paper or writing paper or labels made of paper or self-adhesive are glued onto the packaging made of polyethylene shrink film, on the cardboard box.
500 ml, 1000 ml in polyethylene polymer bottles, sealed with polyethylene polymer stoppers and polyethylene screw caps (for hospitals).
Labels are glued onto the bottles from label or writing paper or paper or self-adhesive labels.
12 bottles of 500 ml or 8 bottles of 1000 ml each are packed in a polyethylene shrink film or in boxes with partitions or gratings made of corrugated cardboard along with an equal number of instructions for use (for hospitals).
3 kg, 5 kg, 10 kg, 20 kg in polyethylene canisters made of low pressure polyethylene (for hospitals).
On the canister (for hospitals) stick instructions for use from label or writing paper or self-adhesive.
4 canisters, together with an equal number of instructions for use, are packed in a polyethylene shrink film (for hospitals).
Labels made of label paper or writing paper or labels made of paper or self-adhesive are glued onto packaging made of polyethylene shrink film or corrugated cardboard boxes.

solution for injection 1%, solution for injection 2%

Pharmacotherapeutic group

Local anesthetics

Pharmacological properties

Local anesthetic, antiarrhythmic. Does not change the excitability of the sinoatrial node, has little effect on the conductivity and contractility of the myocardium. At intravenous administration acts quickly and briefly (10-20 minutes). The mechanism of the local anesthetic effect is to stabilize the neuronal membrane, reducing its permeability to sodium ions, which prevents the occurrence of an action potential and the conduction of impulses. It is rapidly hydrolyzed in a slightly alkaline environment of tissues and after a short latent period works within 60-90 minutes. With inflammation (tissue acidosis), the anesthetic activity decreases. Effective for all types local anesthesia. Expands blood vessels. Does not irritate tissues. It is rapidly absorbed from the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract or oral cavity. A stable concentration in the blood is established after 3-4 hours with continuous intravenous administration. Easily passes through histohematic barriers, including the BBB. Penetrates through the placenta. Rapidly and almost completely metabolized in the liver.

Indications for use Lignocaine hydrochloride

Ventricular extrasystoles and tachyarrhythmias, incl. at acute infarction myocardium, in postoperative period, ventricular fibrillation; local anesthesia: superficial, infiltration, conduction, epidural, spinal, intraligamentary surgical interventions, painful manipulations, endoscopic and instrumental studies.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity, a history of epileptiform seizures to lidocaine, WPW syndrome, cardiogenic shock, weakness of the sinus node, heart block (AV, intraventricular, sinoatrial), serious illnesses liver, myasthenia gravis, pregnancy, lactation

Usage Precautions

Exercise caution in diseases of the liver and kidneys, hypovolemia, severe heart failure with impaired contractility, genetic predisposition to malignant hyperthermia. When injected into vascularized tissues, an aspiration test is recommended. In children, debilitated and elderly patients, dose adjustment is necessary in accordance with age and physical status. Not recommended for local anesthesia before tonsillectomy and adenotomy in children under 8 years of age.

Interaction with drugs

Enhances the inhibitory effect of narcotic (hexobarbital, sodium thiopental), hypnotics and sedatives on the respiratory center, weakens the cardiotonic effect of digitoxin, deepens muscle relaxation caused by curare-like drugs (paralysis of the respiratory muscles is possible). MAO inhibitors prolong local anesthesia. Beta-blockers increase the likelihood of developing bradycardia and hypotension. Norepinephrine and beta-blockers, reducing hepatic blood flow, reduce (increased toxicity), isadrine and glucagon - increase the clearance of lidocaine. Cimetidine increases plasma concentration. Barbiturates stimulate the degradation of lidocaine and reduce its activity. Anticonvulsants (hydantoin derivatives) also accelerate biotransformation in the liver (the concentration in the blood decreases), potentiate, like antiarrhythmics (amiodarone, verapamil, quinidine, aymalin), cardiodepression. The combination with novocainamide can cause CNS excitation and hallucinations.

Side effects

Headache, dizziness, tinnitus, diplopia, impaired consciousness, respiratory depression or cessation, depression or excitation of the central nervous system, nervousness, euphoria, flashing "flies" before the eyes, photophobia, drowsiness, muscle twitching, tremor, disorientation, convulsions; sinus bradycardia, violation of the conduction of the heart, transverse heart block, hypotension, collapse; nausea, vomiting; sensation of heat, cold or numbness of the extremities, malignant hyperthermia, depression immune system, allergic reactions (rash, generalized exfoliative dermatitis, anaphylactic shock); short-term burning sensation in the area of ​​​​action of the aerosol.

Overdose

Symptoms: dizziness, general weakness, lowering blood pressure, psychomotor agitation, tremor, tonic-clonic convulsions, coma, collapse, possible AV blockade, CNS depression, respiratory arrest. Treatment: discontinuation, pulmonary ventilation, oxygen therapy, anticonvulsants, vasoconstrictors (norepinephrine, mezaton), with bradycardia - anticholinergics (atropine). Possibility of intubation artificial ventilation lung resuscitation. Dialysis is ineffective.

Chloral hydrate - belongs to a group of drugs that affect the central nervous system.

Pharmacological action of chloral hydrate

The drug has the following properties: anticonvulsant, sedative, analgesic, hypnotic. If you take Chloral hydrate in large doses, then it has a narcotic effect.

The drug has a strong effect on the central nervous system. When prescribing small doses, chloral hydrate weakens inhibitory processes, and when prescribing large doses, excitation processes decrease in a person.

Experts do not advise taking large doses drugs that are close to toxic. After all, it is precisely such doses that inhibit the process of excitability of nerve cells.

The drug has a strong irritating effect on the mucous membranes of the stomach and intestines. For this reason, Chloral Hydrate should only be taken diluted in combination with enveloping drugs.

Chloral hydrate is rapidly absorbed. Sleep, which is close to physiological sleep, occurs in about 15-20 minutes. Such a dream lasts for 8 hours.

Indications for the use of Chloral Hydrate

According to the instructions, Chloral hydrate is prescribed by specialists for the relief of mental excitations, treatment seizures in adolescents and children. In addition, the drug is used for rabies, tetanus, eclampsia.

The drug is prescribed to patients who need to certain types studies requiring prolonged immobility. Doses in this case are selected individually, in connection with the age and characteristics of the organism.

Method of application and dosage

For adult patients, the drug should be administered either orally or in the form of enemas (dose 0.2-1.0 grams per dose). Chloral hydrate must be taken only with enveloping preparations and in a sufficiently large dilution.

For children, the dosage of the drug should be prescribed depending on age - 0.05-0.75 grams.

The maximum dosage of Chloral Hydrate for adult patients is two grams, and the daily dosage is six grams.

Side effects

When taking Chloral Hydrate in humans, it may decrease arterial pressure as well as vomiting.

Long-term use of the drug often leads to the fact that the patient becomes dependent on taking Chloral Hydrate. This addiction is called chloralomania.

Contraindications

According to the instructions, Chloral Hydrate should not be used if patients suffer from serious illnesses. of cardio-vascular system, liver or kidneys. Also, the drug is not prescribed:

• With alcohol or drug addiction. Such dependence may be present or in history;
• With gastritis, peptic ulcer, esophagitis (with the appointment of Chloral hydrate inside);
• With colitis, proctitis (when prescribing Chloral Hydrate in an enema);
• With intermittent porphyria.

Chloral hydrate is prescribed with extreme caution to pregnant women. If you take the drug for a long period, the newborn may experience a withdrawal syndrome.

The drug actively penetrates into breast milk, while causing a sedative effect in children. For this reason breast-feeding when prescribing the drug must be discontinued.

Overdose

There is currently no specific antidote. Overdose treatment is as follows: gastric lavage should be carried out, respiratory and circulatory support at an optimal level, and forced diuresis should be carried out.

If the patient has severe poisoning should undergo hemodialysis.

special instructions

Do not take the drug simultaneously with drugs that affect the central nervous system, as well as with alcoholic beverages.

Storage conditions

According to the instructions, Chloral Hydrate must be stored at room temperature for 8 years.

The drug belongs to list B.

Release form Chloral hydrate

Chloral hydrate is produced in the form of tablets that contain 0.5, 0.75, and 1.5 grams active substance. The package contains 10 tablets.

Update: October 2018

Chlorhexidine is a popular medicinal product, a topical antiseptic that has been successfully used as a general purpose disinfectant and antimicrobial agent, and is especially popular in the post-Soviet countries.

The chemical compound chlorhexidine was discovered in the UK in 1950, and already in 1954 the first skin antiseptic based on this substance appeared. Later, the substance began to be added to urological lubricants, catheters, implants, workwear were impregnated with it. medical staff. Included in a number of mouthwashes and toothpastes. Widely used in veterinary medicine.

It is noteworthy that during the period of commercial use and numerous studies of chlorhexidine, the possibility of the formation of chlorhexidine-resistant microorganisms has not been confirmed. However, the use of Chlorhexidine is capable of causing bacterial resistance to antibiotics. The drug belongs to the group of budget medicines remains accessible to the general public.

Farmgroup: antiseptic for local use.

Composition, physical and chemical properties, price

The drug is present on the pharmaceutical market in several dosage forms, each of which has its own area of ​​application. In addition to the preparations described below, registered in Russia, there are creams, gels, ointments with a similar active ingredient.

Solution 0.05% (chlorhexidine aqueous solution)	Spray	Candles (commercial name - hexicon)
Base substance: 0.5 mg of chlorhexidine bigluconate in 1 ml of solution	25 mg chlorhexidine solution 20% in 1 vial	16 mg chlorhexidine bigluconate in 1 supp.
Excipients: Water purified to the required volume	Ethyl alcohol 95% - 718.5 ml; purified water, until a solution volume of 1 l is obtained	Polyethylene oxide 400, polyethylene oxide 1500
Physicochemical characteristics: Liquid, clear solution	Colorless, transparent, sometimes slightly opalescent liquid with an alcoholic odor	Vaginal suppositories are white or yellowish in color, torpedo-shaped, the surface is slightly marbled.
Packaging, price: Issued in various types packaging (plastic, glass bottles), with or without dispensers. Price: 0.05% solution 100 ml: 10-15 rubles.	70 and 100 ml in bottles / vials with a nozzle or a cap with a sprayer. Price 100 ml: 98 rubles.	1 or 5 supp. In cell contour packaging. 1, 2 packs in a pack. Price: No. 10 - 270-280 rubles.

pharmachologic effect

The instructions for use of chlorhexidine indicate that the drug has a local antiseptic action, mostly bactericidal. Changes the properties and composition of cell membranes of microorganisms. The cations formed during the dissociation of salts of the active substance begin to react with the shell of bacterial cells, which has a negative charge. The lipophilic groups of the antiseptic contribute to the disaggregation of the membrane of microorganisms, which has a lipoprotein structure, and lead to osmotic imbalance, loss of phosphorus and potassium from the bacterial cell. Destruction of the cytoplasmic membrane eventually leads to the death of bacteria.

Chlorhexidine bigluconate solution is effective against a wide range of microorganisms: Trichomonas vaginalis, Bacteroides fragilis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Gardnerella vaginalis, Chlamidia spp., Treponema pallidum, Ureaplasma spp. It has a moderate effect on individual strains of Pseudomonas spp. and Proteus spp. Viruses (except for the herpes virus) and fungal spores are resistant to the drug.

It has a long-term antibacterial effect, can be used for antiseptic treatment of the surgical field and the surgeon's hands, because after treatment active substance stays on the skin for a while. It retains antimicrobial activity in a purulent environment, blood, but the effectiveness is somewhat reduced.

Pharmacokinetics

Local application does not have a systemic effect - the drug is not absorbed into the bloodstream.

Indications

Solution

Application in gynecology:

• trichomonas colpitis;
• itching of the vulva;
• cervical erosion;
• prevention of sexually transmitted diseases: gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, syphilis, chlamydia, ureaplasmosis.

In dentistry and ENT practice:

• gingivitis;
• aphthae;
• stomatitis;
• alveolitis;
• periodontitis;
• disinfection of prostheses (partially removable, removable);
• angina;
• postoperative hygiene in dental and ENT departments.

As a local antiseptic for:

• treatment of wounds, including burn surfaces;
• disinfection of the skin, including the surgical field;
• treatment of the hands of medical staff, surgeon;

It is also used for disinfection of work surfaces, equipment, devices, thermometers that do not allow heat treatment.

Spray

• Hygienic treatment of the hands of a surgeon and other medical staff in institutions of various profiles;
• Processing of the skin area of ​​the injection, surgical fields, elbow folds (skin) of donors;
• Disinfection of small surfaces of medical devices (for example, ENT, dental instruments) in case of infections various etiologies(bacterial, fungal, viral) in healthcare facilities;
• Hygienic treatment of the skin of the hands of catering workers, Food Industry, utilities.

suppositories

• Prevention of sexually transmitted diseases: syphilis, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, ureaplasmosis, gonorrhea, genital herpes;
• Prevention of infectious and inflammatory complications in gynecology and obstetrics (before childbirth, abortion, surgical treatment, before and after the installation of an intrauterine device, before and after diathermocoagulation (cauterization) of the cervix, before performing an intrauterine examination;
• Treatment of bacterial vaginosis;
• Therapy of colpitis (including mixed, Trichomonas, non-specific).

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to the active or auxiliary components.
• Dermatitis, allergic reactions at the site of application.

Pregnancy, lactation

Not contraindicated in lactation and pregnancy.

special instructions

With caution is prescribed for the treatment of children. In case of accidental ingestion of any form of chlorhexidine, immediately flush the stomach with a sufficient amount of water, and then take the adsorbent.

The spray should not be applied to mucous membranes and wounds. Solution and spray are unacceptable for contact with auditory nerve And meninges. In case of accidental contact with these areas, thoroughly rinse the drug under running water. If the spray gets into the eyes, also rinse with water and drip albucid.

The drug is incompatible with alkalis, soaps and other anionic compounds (gum arabic, colloids, carboxymethylcellulose, sodium lauryl sulfate, saponins). It is not used simultaneously with other antiseptics.

Do not forget that chlorhexidine is a drug, not a hygiene product, so you can not use it for everyday rinsing of the mouth and teeth, as well as douching. There are strict indications under which such a procedure is appropriate and necessary, and they should be followed. If you use chlorhexidine uncontrollably, it is fraught with an imbalance of microflora, the development of dysbacteriosis and allergic reactions.

Dosage

Solution

• Prevention sexually transmitted diseases. It is used no later than 2 hours after the break of the condom, unprotected intercourse. For men, about 2-3 ml of the drug is injected into the urethra, for women - 2-3 ml into the urethra and 5-10 ml - additionally into the vagina (chlorhexidine in the form of douching). Be sure to process the skin around the genitals. Urination can be carried out no earlier than 2 hours after the administration of the drug.
• in gynecology. Use in the form of douching with appropriate indications. Carry out in horizontal position by squeezing a few drops of the drug into the vagina from the bottle. After the procedure, you need to lie down for 5-10 minutes.
• At inflammatory diseases urinary tract in men and women. 2-3 ml of the solution is injected into the urethra once or twice a day for 10 days in a row.
• For the treatment of skin lesions, wounds, burns, the solution is applied in the form of an application, which is left for 1-3 minutes.
• For gargling with sore throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis. Instructions for use for rinsing - rinse the mouth before the procedure warm water. Then take 10-15 ml of the solution and carefully gargle with it for about 30 seconds. Do not eat or drink for 60 minutes after the procedure. It is not necessary to dilute chlorhexidine - a 0.05% solution is suitable for the procedure.
• In dentistry. For rinsing teeth, for washing the periodontal canal, fistulas, abscesses. It is also used to treat the gums after patchwork periodontal surgery.

Spray

• For hygienic treatment of the hands of the medical staff, ~ 5 ml of the spray is distributed on the hands and rubbed for 2 minutes.
• To treat the hands of the surgeon, first thoroughly wash their hands with warm running water and soap for at least 2 minutes, dry them with a sterile gauze cloth. Already on dry skin, apply a product with a volume of 5 ml at least 2 times, rub in for 3 minutes.
• To treat the elbow folds (skin areas) or the surgical field, the skin is wiped twice, sequentially, using sterile gauze swabs, abundantly moistened with the preparation. After finishing the treatment, wait 2 minutes. Before the operation, the patient takes a shower, changes clothes. During the processing of the surgical field, the skin in one direction is wiped with a sterile swab irrigated with a spray. After the end of the treatment, you need to wait 1 minute.
• To disinfect small surfaces (tables, chair armrests, equipment), they are wiped with a sterile rag soaked in the product. Consumption rate - 100 ml per 1 m 2.
• Instrument disinfection. Before processing, remove from the tool visible to the eye contamination by wiping with napkins, rinsing under running water with a ruff in compliance with the anti-epidemic regime. Then they are immersed in a container with a solution so that the cavities and channels are completely filled, with an exposure depending on the specifics of the treatment. The solution for disinfection under storage conditions under the lid is suitable for 3 days.

suppositories

• For the prevention of STIs - 1 suppository once in the vagina. A prerequisite is that no more than 2 hours should pass after sexual intercourse.
• For the treatment of vaginosis, colpitis - 1 suppository twice a day, 7-10 days in a row.