home Analyzes Chlorhexidine spray application. For pregnant women and during lactation. The use of chlorhexidine in the disinfection of medical products

Chlorhexidine spray application. For pregnant women and during lactation. The use of chlorhexidine in the disinfection of medical products

Treatment surgical field and the surgeon's hands, cystitis, wound infection, gingivitis, prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, sterilization of surgical instruments.

Release form of the drug Chlorhexidine

Solution for local and external use 0.05%; polyethylene bottle (bottle) with a polymer nozzle 100 ml.

Pharmacodynamics of the drug Chlorhexidine

An antiseptic, depending on the concentration used, exhibits a bacteriostatic or bactericidal effect against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The bacteriostatic effect (of both aqueous and alcoholic working solutions) is manifested in a concentration of 0.01% or less; bactericidal - in a concentration of more than 0.01% at a temperature of 22 degrees C and exposure for 1 minute. Fungicidal effect - at a concentration of 0.05%, a temperature of 22 degrees C and exposure for 10 minutes. Virucidal effect (against lipophilic viruses) - manifests itself at a concentration of 0.01-1%. Effective on bacterial spores only when elevated temperature. Effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria - Treponema spp., Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas spp., Chlamydia spp., Ureaplasma spp. It is stable, after treatment of the skin (hands, surgical field) it remains on it in a certain amount sufficient to exhibit a bactericidal effect. Retains activity (albeit somewhat reduced) in the presence of blood, pus, various secretions and organic substances. It extremely rarely causes allergic reactions, irritation of skin and tissues, and does not have a damaging effect on objects made of glass, plastic and metals.

Contraindications to the use of the drug Chlorhexidine

Hypersensitivity, dermatitis.
With caution. Children's age, pregnancy, lactation period.

Side effects of the drug Chlorhexidine

Allergic reactions ( skin rash), dry skin, itching, dermatitis, sticky hands (for 3-5 minutes), photosensitivity. In the treatment of gingivitis - staining of tooth enamel, tartar deposits, taste disturbance.

Method of administration and dosage of the drug Chlorhexidine

Chlorhexidine as a prophylactic and remedy used externally and locally. 0.05, 0.2 and 0.5% aqueous solutions used in the form of irrigations, rinses and applications - 5-10 ml of solution is applied to the affected surface of the skin or mucous membranes with an exposure of 1-3 minutes 2-3 times a day (on a tampon or by irrigation). Treatment of medical instruments and working surfaces is carried out with a clean sponge moistened with an antiseptic solution, or by soaking. For the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, the drug is effective if it is used no later than 2 hours after sexual intercourse. Use the nozzle to inject the contents of the bottle into urethra men (2-3 ml), women (1-2 ml) and in the vagina (5-10 ml) for 2-3 minutes. Treat leather internal surfaces thighs, pubis, genitals. After the procedure, do not urinate for 2 hours. Complex treatment of urethritis and urethroprostatitis is carried out by injecting 2-3 ml of a 0.05% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate into the urethra 1-2 times a day, the course is 10 days, procedures are prescribed every other day. Rinse solution and gel local application usually prescribed 2-3 times a day.

Overdose of Chlorhexidine

Treatment: if accidentally ingested, it is practically not absorbed (gastric lavage should be done using milk, a raw egg, gelatin). If necessary, symptomatic therapy is carried out.

Interactions of the drug Chlorhexidine with other drugs

Used in a neutral environment; at pH 5-8 the difference in activity is small; at a pH greater than 8, a precipitate forms. The use of hard water reduces bactericidal properties. Pharmaceutically incompatible with soap, alkalis and other anionic compounds (colloids, gum arabic, carboxymethylcellulose). Compatible with drugs containing a cationic group (benzalkonium chloride, cetrimonium bromide). Ethanol enhances the effectiveness of the drug.

Special instructions when taking Chlorhexidine

In patients with open TBI, injuries spinal cord, perforation eardrum contact with the surface of the brain should be avoided, meninges and into the cavity inner ear. In case of contact with the mucous membranes of the eyes, they should be quickly and thoroughly rinsed with water. Contact of hypochlorite bleaches on fabrics that have previously been in contact with chlorhexidine-containing preparations may contribute to the appearance of brown spots. The bactericidal effect increases with increasing temperature. At temperatures above 100 degrees C, the drug partially decomposes. Concomitant use with iodine is not recommended.

Storage conditions for the drug Chlorhexidine

Store in a place protected from light at a temperature not exceeding 25°C.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Do not use after expiration date.

Shelf life of the drug Chlorhexidine

The drug Chlorhexidine belongs to the ATX classification:

R Respiratory system

R02 Preparations for the treatment of throat diseases

R02A Preparations for the treatment of throat diseases

Chlorhexidine. A difficult name to pronounce and remember. Nevertheless, readers of MirSovetov need to remember it. This inexpensive and reliable antiseptic should be in every first aid kit along with brilliant green, iodine and hydrogen peroxide.
Chlorhexidine, more precisely, Chlorhexidine bigluconate, is an antiseptic. wide range actions. Has quite a complex chemical formula And chemical name, abbreviated gross formula C22H30Cl2N10. Has a bactericidal effect. Effective against:
- bacteria: treponema, chlamydia, ureaplasma, gonococcus, gardnerella, gram-negative anaerobic rod-shaped bacteria (except for mycobacterium tuberculosis);
- causative agents of fungal diseases - yeasts and dermatophytes;
- herpes simplex virus.
Does not affect bacterial and fungal spores.

Release forms

Chlorhexidine is available in the following forms:

concentrate solution 20% – intended for dilution before use. Used in medical institutions;
0.05% solution in plastic and glass bottles of 70 and 100 ml - used without dilution, including at home;
vaginal suppositories (suppositories) “Heksikon” containing 0.016 g of chlorhexidine. The package contains 1 or 10 candles;
Vaginal suppositories (suppositories) “Heksikon-D”, containing 0.008 g of chlorhexidine, are intended for children. There are 10 candles in a package;
gel containing 0.5% chlorhexidine.

There are many more drugs that contain Chlorhexidine, including:

solutions for rinsing the mouth during dental diseases and manipulations (tooth extraction, opening abscesses, professional cleaning etc.) Elgidium, Amident, Eludril;
gum gels intended for treatment dental diseases and withdrawals pain in the oral cavity (for example, when getting used to dentures), one of the components of which is chlorhexidine: Dicloran Denta, Elugel, Metrogex, Parodium, Elgifluor, Dentamet, Metrogyl Denta;
Elgidium;
solutions with other antiseptics Baktoderm (with benzalkonium chloride), Chlorhexidine alcohol spray - for the treatment of skin infections, Citeal (with hexamidine and chlorocresol) - for topical use in gynecology, dermatology;
Ointments Bepanten plus and Depantol (with panthenol - wound healing effect), Bemilon (with betamethasone - anti-inflammatory effect);
vaginal suppositories Depantol (with panthenol) - used in gynecology after surgical interventions;
chlorhexidine in combination with lidocaine for local anesthetic effect in Lidocaine-Asept spray and Instillagel and Kategel gels with lidocaine;
lozenges for stomatitis and other diseases of the oropharynx and oral cavity Hexoral tabs, Anti-Angin formula, Sebidin.

Application

Chlorhexidine is widely used in medicine both as a skin antiseptic and as disinfectant for surfaces and tools. It has found its application in such branches of medicine as: surgery, dentistry, gynecology, urology, dermatovenerology, otolaryngology and others. For all diseases, chlorhexidine is used topically. Chlorhexidine, along with other drugs, is used in the treatment of diseases such as trichomonas colpitis, uterus, gingivitis, stomatitis, aphthae, periodontitis, alveolitis, tonsillitis and others, if the causative agent of the disease is sensitive to chlorhexidine. In surgery, it is used before operations to disinfect the patient’s skin, treat the surgeon’s hands, the hands of medical staff and the surgical field, as well as in postoperative care for patients in ENT and dentistry departments, disinfection removable dentures. At home, Chlorhexidine is used as an antiseptic to treat wounds, burns and various surfaces. Very often, Chlorhexidine can be found in the service of the beauty industry: in a hairdresser, beauty salon, tattoo parlor. It is used to disinfect instruments, wipe the skin before procedures, and treat accidental wounds. Use of chlorhexidine – additional guarantee and an indicator of concern for disinfection.

Contraindications and special instructions

There is only one contraindication for use of chlorhexidine - increased sensitivity to the drug. The drug is approved for use in pregnant women and nursing mothers after consulting a doctor. IN childhood the drug is used with caution after consultation with a doctor.
Chlorhexidine remains active in the presence of blood and organic matter (pus). Do not allow chlorhexidine to come into contact with the eyes (except for special dosage form, intended for washing the eyes), as well as contact with the meninges and auditory nerve(for example, with traumatic brain injury).
Readers of MirSovetov should pay attention to the fact that Chlorhexidine is incompatible with soap and detergents(for example, containing lauryl sulfate), therefore:

Do not mix chlorhexidine with cleaning solutions;
When used externally, rinse off any remaining soap very thoroughly;
During the period of treatment with Hexicon suppositories, use only external toilets and do not douche.

Chlorhexidine is not compatible with iodine.
Chlorhexidine is compatible with ethyl alcohol, benzalkonium chloride (found in contraceptives for local use Pharmatex and Benatex).

Directions for use and doses

The method of administration and dosage should be found in the instructions for each specific drug containing Chlorhexidine. IN home medicine cabinet You should have a solution of Chlorhexidine (or Hexicon) 0.05%, which can be used to treat wounds for all family members, including pets. Chlorhexidine is also used at home to disinfect puncture sites after piercing; the pierced sites should be wiped twice a day for two weeks. Hexicon candles are a must in a handbag for women who are active sex life With frequent changes partners. When treating with suppositories, Hexicon usually has to be used twice a day; when taken at night, there are usually no problems, but when taken during the day, it is better to use a pad. Everyday ones won't work - they're too thin; even reinforced, gaskets for critical days You can use it, but it may be uncomfortable. Ideal for this case are urological pads of the smallest thickness, for example, Molimed Ultra micro, which are sold in pharmacies.

Price

The price of Chlorhexidine depends on the form of release, minimum price a bottle of solution for external use 0.05% is about 13 rubles.

Chlorhexidine is a reliable antiseptic, widely used in medicine and in those areas of activity where cleanliness and rapid disinfection are important. MirSovetov wishes good health to your readers.

Name:

Chlorhexidine (CMorgexidinum)

Pharmacological
action:

Indications for
application:

Chlorhexidine is used for treatment of the surgical field and the surgeon's hands, sterilization of instruments, as well as in the treatment of purulent-septic processes (for washing surgical wounds, disinfecting burn surfaces, washing Bladder); for prevention venereal diseases(syphilis, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis). In the form of tablets, it is used for infectious and inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity and pharynx.

Mode of application:

For processing the surgical field 20% chlorhexidine solution diluted with 70% ethyl alcohol in a ratio of 1:40. The resulting 0.5% aqueous-alcoholic solution is used to treat the surgical field 2 times with an interval of 2 minutes. To quickly sterilize instruments, use the same solution for 5 minutes (instruments for spinal tap treated with chlorhexidine, rinse thoroughly with water for injection). For hand disinfection, use 0.5% hydroalcoholic solution or 1% water solution. Before treating with chlorhexidine, wash hands 2-3 times with a brush under running water and soap for 5 minutes.
For treating wounds and burns use 0.5% aqueous solution, for disinfection of microtraumas - 0.05% aqueous solution. In case of microtrauma, the skin around the wound is treated with this solution, after which a napkin soaked in chlorhexidine solution is applied and fixed with a bandage or plaster.
During treatment gynecological diseases Prescribe 1 suppository 2–4 times a day. The drug is administered into the vagina while lying on your back. The course of treatment is 7–20 days depending on the severity of the disease. To prevent sexually transmitted diseases, suppositories should be administered no later than 2 hours after accidental sexual intercourse; For these purposes, 0.05% aqueous solution of the drug is also used.
For rinsing the bladder use 0.02% aqueous solution (sterilized in an autoclave for 30 minutes); washing is carried out once a day for 4–12 days (300–400 ml per procedure).
Also used in the form of 0.1% water solution for disinfection of premises and sanitary equipment.
When used as an antiseptic For diseases of the oral cavity and pharynx, tablets are dissolved in the mouth. Single dose - 2 mg, frequency of use - 3-4 times a day.

Side effects:

Dry and itchy skin, dermatitis, sticky hands for 3–5 minutes, tooth staining, tartar deposits, taste disturbance (in the treatment of gingivitis).

Contraindications:

Tendency to allergic reactions And allergic diseases, dermatitis, viral diseases skin. It is not recommended to use for treating the conjunctiva or washing cavities.

Interaction
other medicinal
by other means:

Due to the risk of developing dermatitis, the simultaneous use of chlorhexidine and iodine preparations is undesirable.

Pregnancy:

Considering the severity infectious process, data from bacteriological studies, the phenomenon of threatened miscarriage, chlorhexidine bigluconate is used 1 pessary 1 or 2 times a day as monotherapy or as part of complex therapy. Duration of use is from 5 to 10 days.
When breastfeeding the drug is prescribed in the usual recommended doses.

Chlorhexidine is a common antiseptic (antimicrobial) medicine, which is actively used for disinfection of skin and various medical instruments.

This drug has high antimicrobial activity against many bacterial pathogens(streptococci, trichomonas, staphylococci, etc.).

Chlorhexidine is most often used for hand antisepsis. medical personnel, instruments, as well as the surgical field before the operation.

Thanks to effective antibacterial properties the drug is widely used in the complex treatment of pharyngitis, sore throat (especially purulent form), which allows you to quickly destroy pathogenic microorganisms in the oropharyngeal cavity and significantly speed up further recovery.

When applied topically antibacterial agent complete death occurs on the skin quite quickly pathogenic microorganisms in the area of its application.

Antimicrobial effectiveness after topical application of Chlorhexidine lasts for at least 2-3 hours.

As a rule, this antiseptic is quite well tolerated by many patients, and is absolutely harmless to the body with frequent and long-term use.

Main indications for the use of Chlorhexidine:

complex treatment of wound surfaces of the skin (burns, traumatic injuries and etc.);
antiseptic (antimicrobial) treatment of hands of medical personnel;
bacterial inflammatory diseases female reproductive system (colpitis, cervical erosion, syphilis, gonorrhea, etc.);
acute tonsillitis (tonsillitis);
disinfection of medical instruments;
stomatitis or gingivitis;
antiseptic treatment of the surgical field before the start of operations;
prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (gonorrhea, syphilis, trichomoniasis, chlamydia, etc.);
bacterial vaginosis.

Attention: Before starting to use Chlorhexidine, it is recommended to consult with a qualified physician!

The drug is available in the form of a solution for topical use, vaginal suppositories, and also a spray.

How to use Chlorhexidine?

With the aim of antiseptic treatment A 0.5% solution of Chlorhexidine is used on the wound surface of the skin, which can also be used for local application, which should be left for 1-2 minutes. on the affected area of skin.

For the treatment of various bacterial and inflammatory diseases in gynecology, a small amount of solution is used for direct injection into the vagina, with a course of treatment and dose antiseptic is determined by the attending physician absolutely individually for each woman, depending on the disease.

Hygienic treatment with 0.5% Chlorhexidine solution is carried out by washing hands for 2-3 minutes. gradually rubbing in the antiseptic.

With complex treatment bacterial vaginosis or colpitis in women is used vaginal suppositories, which should be administered 1-2 r. per day for 5-7 days, always after consultation with a qualified gynecologist.

Disinfection of medical instruments is carried out with a 0.5% solution, soaking it in a separate container for 20-30 minutes.

Contraindications to the use of Chlorhexidine

hypersensitivity (increased sensitivity of the body to major active ingredients medicinal product);
allergic skin diseases.

Side effects of Chlorhexidine

Most common adverse reactions problems that may occur with long-term use of this antiseptic are:

dry skin at the site of application;
local allergic manifestations on the skin (urticaria, increased itchy skin, swelling);
nausea or vomiting (occurs extremely rarely, mainly with a significant overdose of the drug);
dermatitis;
increased peeling of the skin at the site of application of the drug.

With the development of any side effects After using Chlorhexidine, it is recommended to consult your doctor!

In this article, we looked at what Chlorhexidine helps with, as well as how to use it correctly.

Chlorhexidine is a good antiseptic with a wide range of applications. The drug is a colorless liquid, sometimes with a slightly yellowish tint. In its own way chemical structure The drug is similar to bigumal and is a dichlorine-containing derivative of biguanide. The solution is used to disinfect surfaces; it is used in dentistry, urology and gynecology, cosmetology and for the treatment of ENT diseases.

Release form and composition

Chlorhexidine – INN. The drug is available in the form of a 0.05% solution for external use. In a polymer bottle with a nozzle, as well as in glass bottles of 100 ml, 1 bottle in a cardboard package.

A 20% solution of the drug is sold in polymer bottles with a cap, 100 ml, 500 ml. Suppositories, gel (which includes lidocaine), cream, ointment, and spray with a similar active ingredient are also produced.

The composition of the drug 20% solution of Chlorhexidine Bigluconate includes 0.2 g of the same name active substance And additional substances. The composition of the drug 0.05% solution includes 0.5 mg of chlorhexidine bigluconate.

The principle of action of the substance Chlorhexidine bigluconate is based on its ability to change parameters cell membrane microorganisms. The process of dissociation of chlorhexidine salts leads to the formation of cations that react with the negatively charged bacterial membrane. Lipophilic groups of the drug promote disaggregation of the lipoprotein membrane of microorganisms, which leads to disruption of osmotic balance and rapid loss of phosphorus and potassium by cells. The destruction of the cytoplasmic membrane of the bacterium caused by the action of the drug leads to the death of the harmful cell.

Indications for use

What is Chlorhexidine used for? The drug is used in the following cases:

Hygienic treatment of the hands of medical personnel and surgeon’s hands;
Disinfection of the skin of surgical and injection fields, elbow bends of donors;
Disinfection of small surfaces of products medical purposes(including dental instruments) for bacterial (including nosocomial infections, tuberculosis), fungal (dermatophytes, candidiasis) and viral etiology in medical and preventive institutions;
Hygienic treatment of the hands of medical personnel of institutions of various profiles and purposes;
Hygienic treatment of hands of enterprise workers Food Industry And Catering, public services.

Instructions for use Chlorhexidine, dosage

Aqueous 0.05%, as well as 0.2% or 0.5% - for rinsing or irrigating medicinal applications: on the required part of the dermis or mucous membranes, 5-10 ml of the product three times a day for 1-3 minutes, for example, it is permissible to apply a tampon previously soaked in the medication ;

Hand disinfection of medical personnel - hand washing for 3 minutes;

Disinfection – 2 treatments of the surgical field with an interval of 2 minutes;

Quick sterilization of medical instruments - soaking for 2 minutes;

Slow sterilization of medical instruments - soaking for half an hour.

The "chlorhexidine" patch should be applied in the following sequence - remove the protective tape, being careful not to touch the bandage pad, then distribute it over the desired area of the dermis;

When carrying out preventive manipulations to prevent sexually transmitted infections, it is recommended that no later than 1.5-2 hours after intercourse, insert the tip of the nozzle of the bottle with the drug into the external urethra of a man and inject 2.5-3 ml of the drug, while women irrigate the vaginal cavity with 7-10 ml of the drug, you can leave inside for 2.5–3 minutes, in addition, the dermis of the inner thighs, pubis and external genitalia is treated with the medication; visiting the toilet room is allowed no earlier than after 1.5–2 hours;

The medicine is also used as one of the components complex treatment urethritis or urethroprostatitis - 2-3 ml of 0.05% concentrate is injected directly into the urethral cavity 1-2 times / day for 8-12 days, with alternating manipulations every other day;

When using the drug intravaginally, 1 suppository is administered 3 times a day with a treatment course of 7–20 days.

The optimal dose and duration of medication treatment should be determined only by a specialist. Self-medication is not acceptable.

Chlorhexidine suppositories are used intravaginally. Having previously freed the suppository from the contour cellular packaging, it is inserted into the vagina in a supine position. 1 suppository 2 times a day for 7-10 days. If necessary, it is possible to extend the course of treatment to 20 days.

special instructions:

In patients with open traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injuries, or perforation of the eardrum, contact with the surface of the brain, meninges, and the cavity of the inner ear should be avoided.

In case of contact with the mucous membranes of the eyes, they should be quickly and thoroughly rinsed with water.

Contact of hypochlorite bleaches on fabrics that have previously been in contact with chlorhexidine-containing products may cause brown stains.

The bactericidal effect of Chlorhexidine increases with increasing temperature. At temperatures above 100 degrees, the drug partially decomposes.

Chlorhexidine in urology and gynecology

Chlorexidine is used in urology and gynecology both for the treatment and prevention of certain sexually transmitted diseases. Chlorhexidine is also active against pathogens of sexually transmitted diseases and is used to prevent the spread of the following pathogens - chlamydia; ureaplasma; Trichomonas; Neisseria gonorrhea; treponema pallidum; genital herpes virus; human papillomavirus; AIDS virus.

Chlorexidine is effective only when used immediately after sexual intercourse or for no more than 2 hours.

Contraindications and side effects

Despite the rather pronounced chemical effect, the use of Chlorexidine is associated with a fairly small number of contraindications and side effects. They have been well studied by doctors, so doctors focus on them when prescribing the remedy.

Contraindications for Chlorhexidine include the following conditions:

History of allergy reactions to chlorhexidine digluconate or during the first attempt to use the drug.
Inflammatory diseases skin– dermatitis. Until the cause is identified inflammatory reaction skin, the medicine should not be used.
Childhood of the patient - the activity of the drug when used in children has not been studied; it should be used with caution in young patients.
If you have any of the listed contraindications, you should not use the medicine. This is also indicated by the instructions for use of the drug.

Side effects

When using Chlorhexidine solutions for topical use, there is a possibility of individual allergic reaction, which may appear contact dermatitis, itching, blistering, urticaria, shortness of breath.

IN severe cases in sensitive patients there is a hypothetical possibility anaphylactic shock. A study of a wide range of volunteers using a patch test showed positive reaction to Chlorhexidine in more than 2% of people. According to researchers, in patients with eczema this figure may exceed 5%.

If the drug gets on the mucous membranes of the eyes, they should be quickly and thoroughly rinsed with water.

The drug is practically not adsorbed in the stomach. In case of accidental ingestion of the product, rinse the stomach using raw milk, raw egg, gelatin. If necessary, symptomatic therapy is carried out.

Analogues of Chlorhexidine, list of drugs

If you are intolerant to Chlorhexidine, your doctor may recommend the following analogues for use:

Important - instructions for use of Chlorhexidine, price and reviews do not apply to analogues and cannot be used as a guide to the use of drugs similar composition or actions. All therapeutic prescriptions must be made by a doctor. When replacing Chlorhexidine with an analogue, it is important to consult a specialist; you may need to change the course of therapy, dosage, etc. Do not self-medicate!