Testosterone in women: norm, causes and consequences of deviations. Total and free testosterone in women

Reproductive ability, mood and sexual activity are influenced not only by female hormones - estrogen and progesterone - but also by male androgens, especially testosterone. This hormone is produced by the adrenal cortex and is responsible for the maturation of the follicle in the ovaries. IN female body its level is significantly lower than in men's. Deviation from the norm may cause operational problems different organs and body systems. A blood test can help identify the discrepancy.

What is testosterone

The body of a man and a woman produces thousands of different hormones responsible for the work different systems body. Testosterone belongs to the sex hormones from the androgen class and is of a steroid nature. In men, the testes and hypothalamus respond to the synthesis of this biological substance. In women, testosterone is produced by the ovaries and adrenal glands; a small part of the hormone is produced by the liver.

What is the hormone testosterone responsible for in women?

In boys adolescence the hormone is responsible for puberty, formation of secondary sexual characteristics - broad shoulders, narrow hips. In the female body, testosterone is a precursor to estrogen. It ensures the growth and maturation of the egg, is responsible for the development of the mammary glands, and the formation of a female-type figure. In addition, testosterone has a number of secondary functions, which include:

• normalization of work sebaceous glands, maintaining skin elasticity;
• ensuring smooth hair and nail growth;
• formation of a strong bone skeleton - growth and development of bones, ensuring proper mineral metabolism;
• maintaining sexual desire To opposite sex;
• development of muscle mass;
• stimulation of bone marrow hematopoiesis;
• maintaining a stable mental state.

Indications for analysis

The level of androgens in a woman’s body is constantly changing and this does not always indicate the presence of health problems. For example, during pregnancy the number of main male hormones is also increasing. This is necessary to ensure normal height and development of the fetal skeleton. The following conditions or diagnoses may be the reason for a visit to the doctor to prescribe a blood test for testosterone in women:

• deterioration of hair, skin, nails;
• menstrual irregularities;
• suspicion of infertility;
• development of secondary male sexual characteristics - hair growth male type(growth of a beard or mustache, chest hair), appearance hoarse voice;
• decreased sex drive;
• obesity;
• hormonal imbalance;
• gynecological diseases, of different origins;
• pregnancy planning;
• appearance acne on the face and body.

When to get tested

Testosterone in girls reaches maximum concentration at the time of ovulation. This is necessary to increase sexual activity and successful conception. To get the most reliable results, you need to correctly determine the day of the menstrual cycle on which to take the test. The starting point is the first day of the onset of menstruation - this is considered the beginning of a new menstrual cycle. A testosterone test in women is prescribed:

• with a cycle duration from 21 to 23 calendar days 2–3 days from the beginning of menstruation;
• with a 28-day cycle - on day 5;
• if the menstrual cycle lasts more than 28 days, the test is prescribed on the 7th day.

Preparation

The results of the study of the hormonal component of the blood largely depend on the preparation of the patient and his behavior before taking the tests. To obtain the most accurate results, doctors recommend following following rules:

• The day before the test, you should avoid any physical activity.
• If possible, stop taking any medications the day before, especially hormonal drugs.
• Eliminate fatty, salty, fried foods from your diet.
• Avoid alcohol, sweet carbonated drinks, coffee, cocoa, tea.
• The day before donating blood for analysis, you should completely avoid any sexual contact.
• Try not to overwork, limit yourself as much as possible from stress and any emotional outbursts.
• Hormone testing is not recommended if you have recently had the procedure ultrasound examination or did an x-ray.
• A few days before blood sampling, it is not recommended to visit a solarium, sauna or bathhouse.

How to give testosterone to a woman

To conduct the study, the laboratory assistant draws blood from a vein. The biomaterial is obtained in sterile conditions – a doctor’s office or testing room – with a disposable syringe. To objectively assess the patient’s condition and diagnose correct diagnosis, the doctor must be aware of all circumstances that may in any way affect the results of the analysis.

A woman must inform the laboratory assistant or doctor if she adheres to an unconventional diet (diet, vegetarian or raw food diet). It is recommended to come to the laboratory in advance (20–30 minutes) in order to have time to calm down and bring your breathing back to normal. Blood from a vein is donated only in the morning and on an empty stomach - 12 hours before donation, you must completely abstain from food, alcohol and smoking.

If the patient is unable to come to the laboratory in the morning, blood should be donated after 6 hours of fasting, excluding fats from the last meal. Hormone levels can be affected by the time of year. It has been established that the amount of testosterone in the blood increases with the onset of autumn. As a rule, if an analysis for testosterone in women is carried out during this season of the year, the laboratory technician takes this fact into account and makes a note on the referral sheet. The research period is 1–2 days, after which the doctor compares the results with the norm.

Normal for women

The level of sex hormones in girls and women can vary depending on the time of day, day of the menstrual cycle and age. Two types of tests are performed to determine testosterone levels:

• Analysis on general level testosterone in a woman. The test results show how much of the hormone is in the body per at this stage life. Indicators from 0.26 to 1.30 ng/mol are considered normal.
• Study of free testosterone. Free is the type of hormone that does not bind to blood proteins for transport.

An analysis of total hormone levels is considered auxiliary. It helps clarify the diagnosis. Special attention, as a rule, is given to active (free) testosterone. Its reference (normal) indicators for different women different ages are:

Woman's age	Minimum values, nmol/l	Maximum values, nmol/l
Newborns
Over 18 years old:
follicular phase(days 1–7 of the menstrual cycle)
ovulation
luteal phase
Menopause (over 60 years)

Low testosterone

The doctor interprets the test results. It is believed that testosterone in women is low if the test shows data below average values ​​- less than 0.31 nmol/l (provided that the woman is in reproductive age). Change hormonal levels in either direction is a clear sign of health problems. Thus, fluctuations in androgens can lead to cardiovascular diseases, provoke the development of obesity or disruptions in work endocrine system.

Symptoms

A lack of sex hormone can be suspected when there are sudden changes in a woman’s behavior. She becomes lethargic, apathetic, often Bad mood develops into hysteria or depression. Since androgens are responsible for maintaining libido, women with low testosterone experience a lack of sexual desire and insufficient production of vaginal lubrication. In addition to the listed deviations, the following symptoms may indicate violations:

• feeling constant fatigue;
• increased sweating;
• lethargy;
• sleep disturbance (insomnia);
• tachycardia (painful rapid heartbeat);
• weight gain;
• change in voice timbre;
• painful discomfort during sexual intercourse (the phenomenon is associated with insufficient lubrication);
• brittle nails;
• bone fragility;
• deterioration of cognitive abilities (decreased concentration, memory, spatial orientation).

Causes

A decrease in testosterone levels is considered normal if a woman experiences menopause. In other cases, sex hormone deficiency is affected by:

• violation of diet (vegetarianism, raw food diet, long fasting);
• smoking;
• abrupt change climate;
• decrease in the functional activity of the ovaries;
• alcohol abuse;
• development renal failure;
• excess weight;
• taking some medicines(for example, with peppermint, licorice root);
• rare exposure to the sun;
• genetic predisposition;
• adrenal disease;
• pathologies affecting the hypothalamus or pituitary gland;
• some autoimmune diseases– osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis.

Testosterone is higher than normal in women

Concentration steroid hormones By natural reasons increases in the morning and decreases noticeably in the evening. For these reasons, it is recommended to come for the test in the morning. It is believed that there is an excess of testosterone in the body if the woman followed all the rules for taking the test, and its results were higher than the average values ​​- more than 3.75 nmol/l (provided that the woman is of reproductive age).

How it manifests itself

A clear sign increased testosterone is the appearance of masculine features - broad shoulders, narrow pelvis, hair growth on the face and chest, hoarseness of voice. Such external changes begin to appear from adolescence, progressing as the girl grows up. In addition to the development of secondary sexual characteristics, hormonal imbalances are often indicated by the following symptoms:

• increased sexual activity;
• hair loss;
• dry skin;
• excessive irritability and aggressiveness;
• menstrual irregularities, up to complete absence menstruation;
• the appearance of acne, comedones, oily skin;
• sudden weight gain, difficulty losing weight;
• atrophy of the mammary glands;
• Difficulty conceiving, infertility.

Causes

Testosterone levels above normal in women are always observed during pregnancy. This is considered normal and important for the development of the child’s bone skeleton. A change in the balance to a greater extent is present upon the onset of ovulation, taking hormonal contraception, during sports or after a recent psycho-emotional shock. TO hormonal imbalance can also lead to:

• poor nutrition which includes eating with high content fats or simple carbohydrates;
• hereditary predisposition;
• polycystic – ovarian tumors;
• decreased activity of the pituitary gland;
• Cushing's syndrome – active work adrenal glands;
• sexually transmitted diseases - gonorrhea, trichomoniasis and others;
• endometriosis is an abnormal proliferation of endometrial cells (the inner layer of the uterine wall);
• tissue insensitivity to insulin - diabetes 2 types;
• diseases thyroid gland.

Therapeutic measures

The treatment regimen is selected by the doctor, depending on the results of the analysis, the patient’s condition and complaints. It is imperative to stop drinking alcohol, smoking, and normalize your sleep patterns. A lack of testosterone in the female body is as dangerous a condition as its excessive amount. Suffering from deficiency reproductive system, in women it decreases sexual desire, she becomes unable to conceive and bear a child.

An important condition increasing androgen is the normalization of nutrition. You should give up various diets and increase the amount of foods rich in proteins, vitamins and minerals, especially zinc and magnesium. The following have a beneficial effect on the level of sex hormones:

• nuts and seeds;
• seafood;
• poultry meat;
• liver;
• fatty fish– salmon, tuna;
• olives;
• all varieties of cabbage;
• radish;
• turnip;
• avocado;
• celery;
• dried fruits – figs, dates, dried apricots;
• berries - watermelon, black currant, plum, pomegranate, raspberry;
• vegetable oils;
• spices – garlic, onion, cardamom, red pepper, turmeric.

Be sure to play sports. This will help not only improve your figure, make it slimmer and strengthen your muscle corset, but also normalize the natural production of testosterone. Particular preference should be given to cardio training - running, exercise, cycling. Eliminate all sources of stress as much as possible. Sleep 8–10 hours a day. If the decrease is serious, the doctor selects hormone replacement therapy.

If the concentration of androgens in the blood increases, it is also necessary to adhere to a certain diet, including foods rich in vitamins and minerals in the diet. It is better to avoid strength training, replacing heavy cardio training with relaxing sports - fitness, yoga, swimming. From drug treatment doctors more often give preference to those drugs that contain an analogue female hormone estrogen, diuretics or hypoglycemic agents. These medications include:

• Diethylstilbestrol;
• Dexamethasone;
• Cyproterone;
• Glucophage;
• Veroshpiron;
• Siofor.

Based on the results of the analysis, in order to normalize the functioning of the endocrine system, pituitary gland and balance hormonal levels, a woman may be recommended to start taking hormonal hormones. oral contraceptives. By choosing such medicines a gynecologist is involved. The following medications are especially popular among doctors and women:

• Yarina;
• Regulon;
• Jeannine.

Analysis price

You can donate blood for testing at government agencies. medical institutions with a referral from a doctor. In addition, many private clinics conduct such tests. The cost of the service varies depending on the level of expertise of the laboratory and the region of your residence. Approximate prices for tests for testosterone levels in women in Moscow:

Clinic name		Price, rubles
	Nagorny, Warsaw highway, 89
	Troitsk, Oktyabrsky Prospekt, 24
	Academichesky, Bolshaya Cheryomushkinskaya street, 28
Medical Center innovative technologies	Mytishchi, Borisovka street, 2
	Dorogomilovo, pl. Pobeda, 2, building 1
	Domodedovo, st. 1st Kommunisticheskaya, 31
	Pushkino, 3rd Nekrasovsky proezd, 3, building 1

Video

Testosterone is a sex hormone produced by the adrenal glands. It is responsible for physical endurance and sexual activity of the stronger sex. But you can often observe such injustice when women have increased testosterone in the blood, and men lack it.

If a woman increased level testosterone is most likely we're talking about about problems with her women's health. Therefore, when the first signs appear, you should contact a gynecologist to find out the cause of hormonal imbalance. You can’t delay this, because first of all increased content Testosterone levels in women affect the reproductive system.

Normally, testosterone is produced not only in men, but also in women. Of course, in male body the amount of this hormone will be much higher than in the fairer sex.

A woman’s body contains very little testosterone, and it is responsible for the following functions:

• formation of a figure according to the female type;
• muscle mass growth;
• regulation of libido;
• height skeletal system during physical formation;
• normal functioning of the reproductive system;
• functional activity of the bone marrow.

How to determine testosterone levels?

To find out the amount of testosterone in the blood, a woman needs to be tested for this hormone starting from the 6th day of menstruation. Normally, the amount of testosterone fluctuates between 0.7-3 nmol/l, but each individual laboratory can apply its own standards, and you need to focus only on them.

If a woman’s bioavailable testosterone is elevated or borders on the upper norm, she is recommended to visit a gynecologist-endocrinologist.

Symptoms of high testosterone

With increased testosterone in women, the symptoms will be as follows:

• appearance and growth enhancement excess hair on the body, while hair may even appear on the face;
• increased skin dryness, peeling;
• the hair on the head becomes oilier and may fall out;
• the voice breaks and becomes rougher;
• the body acquires masculine features - the waist disappears, the shoulders become wider.

But these are only external signs indicating that the hormone testosterone in women is increased.

There is also internal symptoms troubles even more serious than external ones:

• sudden increase in libido and increase in physical endurance;
• up to the complete disappearance of menstruation;
• unreasonable rudeness, irritability, aggression.

Simultaneously with the appearance of these symptoms, the body may develop such dangerous conditions, such as ovarian tumor or Cushing's syndrome.

Causes

Factors influencing the increase in testosterone levels in women are as follows:

• ovarian tumor;
• adrenal hyperplasia or tumor;
• long-term use of hormone-containing drugs, for example, birth control pills;
• pregnancy.

Sometimes the cause of increased testosterone in women is poor nutrition. We are talking about alcoholic drinks, white cabbage, nuts, which increase the production of this hormone in the body.

Increased testosterone levels in pregnant women

Many people are interested in why testosterone is increased in pregnant women, is this the norm? Probably, gestation is the only period when increasing the level of this hormone is relatively safe for a woman. During pregnancy, the amount can double or even triple. This is due to the fact that the placenta additionally synthesizes this hormone. If a woman is pregnant with a boy, then she will have more testosterone than one who is expecting a girl.

But this amount of testosterone is safe for a woman only during pregnancy and only in the second half. In the 1st trimester, elevated testosterone levels are not normal; they can cause...

Treatment

If a woman has elevated testosterone, treatment will be carried out with the following medications:

• Digostin;
• Diethylstilbestrol;
• Cyproterone;
• Dexamethasone.

Also, glucose preparations - Siofor, Glucophage and Veroshpiron - are successfully used to reduce testosterone in women. The listed medications include spironolactone and metamorphine, which qualitatively suppress the synthesis of unnecessary testosterone.

In addition, the doctor may prescribe the patient to take oral contraceptives, such as Diane 35, Zhanine and Yarina.

It is contraindicated to practice self-medication for this condition, since, firstly, the hormonal system is too sensitive to interfere with it without the participation of a doctor, and, secondly, the risk of side effects is high. After completing the course of treatment, you will subsequently need to monitor the amount of testosterone in the body from time to time, since it is possible that it may increase.

Nutrition

With a slight increase in testosterone, it will help to cope with the disease special diet. There are products that lower testosterone in women in a short time.

These natural helpers are:

• vegetable oil;
• apples, cherries;
• sugar, salt;
• potato;
• soy products;
• cream and full fat milk;
• caffeine;
• rice, wheat;
• fried meat and vegetable dishes;

Consequences

Depending on the degree of increase in testosterone, changes that can occur in the female body are determined. If the hormone content is slightly increased, then the woman will only feel mood changes - bouts of irritability and increased physical activity, the growth of excess hair on the body where it should not be - above the lip, on the legs and arms.

Of course, this hormone is primarily known as a male hormone, but in the female body it can sometimes be found in quite large quantities. If in men its creation occurs in the testicles, then in women in the ovaries. And also, in representatives of both sexes, formation occurs partially in the adrenal glands. If in representatives of the stronger sex it is responsible for the development of sexual characteristics, then in girls it is responsible for libido and the regulation of fat and muscle mass. Thanks to latest research Scientists were able to find out that the indicator in young ladies varies greatly with age. What does the increased level mean, what are the causes of the phenomenon and how can it be regulated?

What is the normal testosterone level in women?

Every person's body must contain some amount of testosterone. After all, thanks to him the skeleton develops correctly and muscle mass, functions normally Bone marrow And sebaceous glands, and also maintains a good high spirits. It is in the fair sex that it participates in the development of the mammary glands and is responsible for normal work most systems in the body. But this is only the case when it is kept normal.

If for a man the main problem is a decrease, then for women, on the contrary, it is an excess. You can even notice this in many external signs, because testosterone provokes excessive hair growth not only on the body, but also on the face. At the same time, the hair becomes coarse and dark, like that of the stronger sex.

Appropriate medical examinations help determine the presence of a problem. There is a certain norm. For all girls over ten years of age, it ranges from 0.45 to 3.75 nmol per liter. At the same time, the norm can change in some specific time periods. For example, it decreases markedly in the period immediately after menstrual bleeding and increases greatly during pregnancy. At the same time, expectant mother normal level its content can be exceeded by as much as four times and this is not a dangerous violation.

Its increase can negatively affect the entire female hormonal background. Because of this, menstrual bleeding may even stop completely. As a result, the girl develops serious problems with the conception of the baby, and also for her it becomes an impossible task to bear the fetus until birth. Therefore, every woman is recommended to undergo a test for testosterone levels in the body immediately before conception and, if necessary, complete the appropriate course of treatment in a timely manner. This will protect the fair sex from numerous problems in the future.

Increased testosterone in women - symptoms and signs

This phenomenon also has a whole list of symptoms. External signs include the following:

1. Increased hair growth. Hard dark hair may even appear on the chest, chin, cheeks and above upper lip. Often the existing amount of hair on the body increases significantly.
2. The skin becomes dry and sometimes even begins to peel and crack.
3. Hair begins to fall out, and its fat content also increases noticeably.
4. The physique gradually transforms into a masculine one.
5. The voice may become rougher and more masculine.

But there is more severe symptoms- this is already internal changes body. These include:

1. A sharp increase in physical activity and sexual desire.
2. Irregularity of the menstrual cycle or complete disruption.
3. Unreasonable irritability and rudeness.

In addition, against the background of all these signs, such serious and dangerous diseases, such as Cushing's syndrome or ovarian tumor.

As soon as any of the listed symptoms and signs are noticed, you should immediately seek advice and help from an endocrinologist or therapist, and begin to deal with the problem as soon as possible.

By the way, the reasons for the increase in the amount of this hormone can be very different. Including poor nutrition. Often faced with this problem are those representatives of the fair sex who have become interested in vegetarianism and have completely abandoned the consumption of meat and animal products. Various tumors can also be the cause, long-term use certain medications, hereditary predisposition, etc.

Temporary non-dangerous reasons is the period of ovulation and pregnancy.

How to downgrade

To begin with, you should adjust your daily diet. First of all, you will have to give up vegetarianism and add meat to your diet. You will also need to enable in the menu White bread, natural Bee Honey, freshly squeezed juices, sugar and salt in small quantities, soy, any vegetable oil, normal fat dairy products and caffeine. If a woman adheres to a strict diet, then, most likely, she will have to abandon such restrictions and choose another, more gentle way of losing weight.

Some experts also recommend doing yoga. It is believed that in the process of exercise the body independently cleanses itself of all bad things and naturally restores itself. hormonal balance. Classes should be regular. If you practice yoga constantly, your body will always remain in good shape, and hormonal imbalances will be prevented.

Of course, if the causes of the problem under discussion are more serious, then therapy will most likely include appropriate medical supplies. But choosing and starting to take them on your own is very dangerous. You must first consult with a specialist.

Concerning folk remedies, then the following medicinal herbs can lower testosterone levels in a woman’s body:

• evening primrose,
• combination of licorice root and Maryina root,
• blackbuck,
• angelica,
• sacred vitex and many others.

The most effective methods to use traditional medicine And traditional therapy in combination.

IN in rare cases applies and hormone therapy. True, this is the most extreme method. It is prescribed only when the level is so high that it poses a threat to the life and health of the woman. It is important that after such treatment the patient will be able to get rid of insomnia, sweating and arrhythmia.

What analysis is taken to determine the level?

If a woman suspects that testosterone in the body is elevated, she should undergo an appropriate test to determine its level. To do this, you just need to find a laboratory that accepts tests and donate blood from a vein for testing. The cost of such an analysis, as a rule, ranges from 200 to 1000 rubles. And the results will be known to the patient within a day.

To avoid any mistakes, you should know some rules for taking it.

1. You need to donate blood from the third to fifth and from the eighth to tenth days of the menstrual cycle.
2. The day before the test you will need to stop any sports training And physical exercise, and also avoid stress and anxiety.
3. Refuse sexual intercourse.
4. 1-2 hours before the test, it is recommended to rest a little, calm down and quit smoking.

Thanks to all this simple rules the patient will be able to pass the highest quality biological material for analysis, as well as obtain the most accurate and reliable results.

Video: How to determine testosterone levels at home

Everyone knows that testosterone is a male hormone, we wrote about it here, But testosterone also performs a very important function in the female body:

• Then, in men, the normal hormone level is considered to be from 300 to 1 thousand conventional units.
• In women it varies from 15 to 80 units.

In this regard, it is interesting how to increase testosterone in women, and what drugs to use.

For women, the level of the hormone is important, since when it is high, a girl becomes masculine, even to the point of infertility, and when it is low, she begins to age quickly.

A normal level of the hormone is important for women because it:

• Helps with stress resistance.
• Gives a rejuvenating effect.
• Improves mood.

This is why it is important to monitor your testosterone levels. Exist the following drugs testosterone for women:

• Drugs to lower testosterone in women: Cyproterone, dexamethasone, digitalis, digostin ;
• Drugs to increase testosterone in women: Testosterone propionate, methyltestosterone, estratest, omnadren.

The hormone comes in a variety of forms:

• Injections.
• Pills.
• Gels.
• Crema.
• Implants.

Each product has its own absorption characteristics and its own speed of movement in the blood.

Drugs that are rapidly absorbed have high speed fluctuations in blood levels. This may cause:

• Headache.
• Cramps.
• Anger.
• Irritability.
• Aggression.

These products include gels, some creams, injections and tablets that are applied under the tongue.

It is better to use testosterone preparations that are slowly absorbed, these are slowly absorbed injections, creams in capsules, tablets. These forms of hormones are absorbed slowly and provide the most stable levels for a long time.

Each patient has an individual reaction to hormones, so you need to choose the best option for the drug in terms of type and form.

Also, the dosage of the drug depends on the form of the hormone. Optimal dose 1-4 mg per day is considered. With the appropriate dosage, no side effects are observed.

Methyltestosterone

Methyltestosterone is a hormonal drug that was created using male hormones. The form of the drug is a tablet, taken under the tongue and kept there until completely dissolved.

Women are prescribed this medicine:

• At malignant tumors mammary glands and ovaries.
• IN menopause to avoid nervous and vascular disorders.

If a woman takes the hormonal drug systemically, it is possible that male characteristics will be enhanced (baldness, rough voice, menstrual irregularities, etc.).

In addition, there are the following side effects:

• Dizziness.
• Nausea.
• Vomit.
• Increased libido.
• Headache and others.

In case of overdose, side effects intensify. Daily dose the drug is 0.1 g, and a single dose is 0.05 g.

There are a number of contraindications:

1. Pregnancy;
2. Prostate cancer;
3. Hypersensitivity.

Before use, you must consult a doctor.

Estratest

Estratest is a combination of two hormones estrogen and testosterone. This drug is perfect for women who are experiencing surgical menopause, since after the operation the woman feels hot flashes and a decrease in sexual desire.

You need to be extremely careful when taking the hormone, its excess:

• May lead to obesity.
• Mood swings are possible.
• Insomnia.
• Irritability.
• Most dangerous by-effect is the formation of tumors in the liver.

In this regard, it is necessary to correctly calculate the dose of the drug.

Omnadren

Omnadren is testosterone, which is combined with four different esters, and therefore, after administration, the drug for a long time lingers in the body. The form of the drug is injection.

The female part of the population uses this drug:

• For breast cancer.
• Myoma.
• Endometriosis.

Contraindications:

• Prostate cancer;
• Impaired kidney and liver function;
• Pregnancy;
• Heart failure;
• Asthenia.

Like all drugs, the hormone has side effects:

• Headache.
• Allergic reactions.
• Edema and others.

It is used intramuscularly, the dose is individual for each patient. It depends on the indications and the patient’s response.

Drugs to stimulate the production of your own testosterone

1. Arimatest;
2. Evo-Test;
3. Animal Test;
4. Vitrix;
5. Cyclo-Bolan;
6. Tribulus;
7. Parity.

The drugs are not hormonal, but consultation with a doctor is still required. Since they all have contraindications and side effects.

Is using hormonal implants harmful?

Hormonal implants are thin capsules containing hormonal drugs inside.. They are injected into the forearm area under the skin using local anesthesia. The purpose of implants is contraception.

Advantages:

• Contraception from 2 to 5 years;
• Does not destroy the liver;
• Due to the fact that hormones are injected under the skin, they enter directly into the blood without affecting the gastrointestinal tract.

Flaws:

• Price. This is the most expensive method;
• Menstrual irregularities;
• There may be difficulties in removing implants, but only surgery will help;
• This procedure is not recommended for young women and women who have not given birth; it can lead to infertility.

Whether it is harmful or not is up to the patient to decide; before doing so, you should think thoroughly and weigh the pros and cons.

The use of hormonal creams and their consequences

Hormonal creams are used for various diseases skin and allergic reactions. They should be used under close supervision as they have a lot of side effects.

Hormonal creams are mainly used in cosmetology. They are a rejuvenating agent. But you should not use it too often, as creams are addictive. To avoid side effects, you must follow your doctor's instructions.

Reaction to oral testosterone supplements

The reaction to the drug is individual. Oral hormonal medications pass through the liver and are absorbed more slowly than medications that are absorbed through the blood. In this regard, a person with a healthy liver is not in danger, but if there are problems, then the functioning of the liver may be further disrupted.

When the dose of testosterone is calculated incorrectly, a woman may experience a number of side effects:

• Bad mood.
• Headache.
• Blood clots may form.
• Increased blood pressure.

In this case, you should choose drugs that are absorbed directly into the blood. If a woman takes medicine in small doses, her mood improves, her protective functions body and sexual desire.

Types of testosterone:

1. Natural;
2. Synthetic.

The natural form of testosterone is made from plant products(soybeans, beans). This testosterone is produced in micron doses, and the body does not absorb it well. Micronized testosterone has long-term action and delays high level hormone within 24 hours.

It increases:

• Sexual attraction.
• Energy.
• Improves well-being.
• Increases bone density.

But taking it can lead to bad consequences, such as:

• High pressure.
• Fluid retention in the body.
• Increased blood cholesterol levels.

Synthetic testosterone is very quickly absorbed into the blood and has pronounced action on the body. When using synthetic testosterone in tablets, the level of this hormone in the blood can vary greatly.

A sharp increase in testosterone levels after administration leads to:

• To irritability.
• The occurrence of seizures.
• Feeling uneasy.
• Aggression.
• Headache.

Later, when the hormone level decreases, weakness appears.

Testosterone is better known as the male sex hormone, but the female body cannot do without its presence.

Small doses of this element perform important functions for the body.

But if there is a failure in its synthesis, problems begin.

What is dangerous about excess testosterone in women and how to eradicate it?

In the body of the fair sex, the following are responsible for the production of the hormone:

• adrenal cortex;
• ovaries;
• subcutaneous fat, which also synthesizes a certain amount of the substance;
• hair follicles;
• liver.

It is necessary to understand that part of the testosterone produced binds to globulin and is harmless to the body. But a certain amount of the component remains free, the excess of which causes damage.

What leads to an increase in testosterone:

• taking medications, especially those containing male hormones, as well as progestins and glucocorticoids;
• thyroid insufficiency;
• high levels of insulin in the blood;
• genetic pathologies associated with the absorption and synthesis of androgens;
• hyperplasia and tumors of the adrenal cortex;
• neoplasms in the ovaries;
• diseases of the liver and biliary tract;
• obesity.

Any of these reasons can rudely interfere with stability hormonal system and lead to pathologies. But most often we are talking about PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome), a decrease in globulin volume, and also excess weight.

According to some reports, up to 60% of testosterone in the female body is synthesized due to the work of subcutaneous fat, liver and hair follicles.

Symptoms and signs of excess testosterone in women

Since testosterone is a male hormone, a woman with too much of it acquires masculine traits. It could be:

• hair growth, especially in the face, lower abdomen and thighs;
• low timbre and roughness of voice;
• rashes in the form of acne;
• seborrheic dermatitis;
• baldness;
• clitoral enlargement;
• sexual and domestic aggressiveness;
• massive figure, more like a man’s;
• changes in the menstrual cycle, up to the complete disappearance of menstruation.

However, such symptoms do not always indicate excess free testosterone in the body. The cause of some phenomena may also be increased sensitivity of receptors to this component at its normal concentrations in the blood.

Mostly, such a sensitive perception of testosterone is characteristic of southern women, who often have denser body hair, as well as an explosive temperament (compared to northern women). And this natural feature, which is not pathological.

What is the threat?

Why is changing hormonal levels with testosterone bad?

Unnatural for the female body high concentrations male androgens, they lead to certain disturbances in the functioning of internal systems:

• infertility;
• obesity and disruptions in carbohydrate metabolism;
• increased risk of atherosclerosis and arterial hypertension, ischemic pathologies heart disease, uterine cancer, and type 2 diabetes.

In addition, the woman experiences great psychological discomfort because she loses her characteristic external attractiveness. Not in better side Behavior also changes, becoming less predictable and aggressive.

Menopause is a trigger for increasing testosterone levels, since the volume of female sex hormones in the blood decreases. Therefore, during menopause, it is recommended to visit an endocrinologist, who will suggest options for mitigating the situation.

Diagnostics

It is easy to identify elevated testosterone levels in girls; it is enough to take an appropriate blood test for its free fraction.

Normal levels of non-globulin-related hormone fall within the range of 0.5-4.1 pg/l.

However, it is worth considering that during pregnancy, testosterone levels increase significantly: this is due to a number of physiological phenomena and rarely poses a threat to health.

If a woman is not expecting the birth of a child, and tests show exceeding the threshold values ​​for a component, additional diagnostics are required:

• a detailed picture of the hormonal background (dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, dihydrotestosterone, insulin, etc.);
• examination of the ovaries, thyroid gland and adrenal cortex using ultrasound;
• clarification of medical history, especially in the area of ​​taking medications that have an effect on the parameters of the endocrine system.

Depending on the results of these examinations, additional tests are prescribed, which narrow the scope of the search for the root cause of the manifestation of pathological testosterone levels.

Treatment

Eliminating excess male hormones in the female body is a complex and difficult task. Therapy may include:

1. Surgical intervention to remove tumors in the ovaries, adrenal cortex, etc.
2. Following a diet and reducing fat mass that can produce testosterone.
3. Increased tissue response to insulin. For these purposes, medications from the biguanide series (for example, Buformin), as well as thiazolidinediones (Pioglitazone, Englitazone, etc.) can be used.
4. The use of drugs with thyroxine for thyroid pathologies (hypothyroidism).
5. Use of glucocorticoids if testosterone synthesis fails in the adrenal glands.
6. The use of COCs containing progestogen and estrogen, as well as a combination of vitamin E with Clomiphene, when eliminating anomalies at the ovarian level.
7. The use of the drug Spironolactone, which inhibits the activity of 5α-reductase.
8. Hair removal using laser, wax hair removal and other means. It is preferable to use methods that destroy the follicle.

Most important point therapy - reliable identification of the cause of the imbalance of the hormonal system, since symptomatic treatment does not help restore healthy body parameters.

This is where the complexity of the procedure lies, because:

• all organs of the endocrine system are in a strong connection;
• genetic mutations linked to reproductive functions human - do not appear immediately and require additional diagnostics;
• hair follicles may have hypersensitivity to androgens, which is difficult to detect;
• rare pathologies are poorly studied by endocrinologists.

All this can slow down therapy or make it ineffective. However, such situations are becoming less and less every year and most women restore the natural hormonal balance in the body.

Excess testosterone in women is a multifaceted pathology that requires a scrupulous and balanced approach. Many ladies miss initial stages development of the anomaly, not paying attention to the appearance of antennae and mood swings.

The disease is noticed either with significant body hair growth or with interruptions in menstrual cycle. And this already indicates a serious deviation in hormone levels, which increases Negative consequences for the body and the degree of necessary intervention by specialists.

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