Erythromycin. Prescription in Latin, indications, side effects. Erythromycin: side effects. Storage conditions and periods

Latin name

Release form

Enteric-coated tablets.

Erythromycin 250 mg.

Excipients: povidone - 9.45 mg, crospovidone - 13.5 mg, calcium stearate - 4.14 mg, talc - 10.35 mg, potato starch - up to kernel weight 450 mg.

Shell composition: cellacephate 16.2 mg, titanium dioxide 0.8 mg, castor oil 3 mg.

Package

pharmachologic effect

A bacteriostatic antibiotic from the group of macrolides, reversibly binds to the 50S subunit of ribosomes in the donor part, which disrupts the formation of peptide bonds between amino acid molecules and blocks the synthesis of microorganism proteins (does not affect the synthesis nucleic acids). When used in high doses, it can exhibit a bactericidal effect. The spectrum of action includes gram-positive (Staphylococcus spp., producing and not producing penicillinase, including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp (including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes), alpha-hemolytic streptococcus (Viridans group), Bacillus anthracis, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Corynebacterium minutissimum) and gram-negative microorganisms (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis, Brucella spp., Legionella spp., including Legionella pneumophila) and other microorganisms: Mycoplasma spp. (including Mycoplasma pneumoniae), Chlamydia spp. (including Chlamydia trachomatis), Treponema spp., Rickettsia spp., Entamoeba histolytica, Listeria monocytogenes.

Resistant gram-negative rods: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as Shigella spp., Salmonella spp. and others.

It is a motilin receptor agonist. Accelerates the evacuation of gastric contents by increasing the amplitude of pyloric contraction and improving antral-duodenal coordination.

Indications

Bacterial infections caused by sensitive microflora: diphtheria (including bacterial carriage), whooping cough (including prevention), brucellosis, Legionnaires' disease, erythrasma, listeriosis, scarlet fever, amoebic dysentery, gonorrhea; genitourinary infections in pregnant women caused by Chlamydia trachomatis; primary syphilis (in patients with allergies to penicillins) uncomplicated chlamydia in adults (with localization in lower sections genitourinary tract and rectum) with intolerance or ineffectiveness of tetracyclines, etc.; infections of the ENT organs (tonsillitis, otitis media, sinusitis); biliary tract infections (cholecystitis); infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract (tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia); infections of the skin and soft tissues (pustular skin diseases, incl. juvenile acne, infected wounds, bedsores, stage II-III burns, trophic ulcers).

Prevention of exacerbations streptococcal infection(tonsillitis, pharyngitis) in patients with rheumatism. Prevention of infectious complications during medical and diagnostic procedures (including preoperative bowel preparation, dental interventions, endoscopy, in patients with heart defects).

It is a reserve antibiotic for the treatment of bacterial infections caused by strains of gram-positive pathogens (in particular, staphylococci) resistant to penicillin.

Erythromycin is the drug of choice in patients with hypersensitivity to penicillins.

Contraindications

• hypersensitivity to macrolide antibiotics or to any other substance included in the drug,
• simultaneous use of terfenadine or astemizole,
• significant hearing loss.

Use with caution in patients with functional disorders liver, with arrhythmia (history), prolongation of the QT interval, jaundice (history), liver or kidney failure, during lactation.

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding

The use of Erythromycin in pregnant and breastfeeding women is not recommended unless the expected benefit exceeds potential harm. Due to the possibility of passage into breast milk, breastfeeding should be avoided when erythromycin is prescribed.

Directions for use and doses

The drug must be taken orally on an empty stomach or 1 hour before meals.

The tablet must not be split or chewed.

Erythromycin must be taken for at least another 2-3 days after the symptoms of the disease disappear. For infections caused by group A streptococci, erythromycin should be taken for at least 10 days.

The dose depends on the clinical and microbiological research, as well as from the general condition of the patient.

Average daily dose for adults - 1 - 2 g in 2-4 doses, maximum daily dose - 4 g.

Children under 18 years of age, depending on age, body weight and severity of infection - 30-50 mg/kg/day in 2-4 doses. For severe infections, the dose may be doubled.

For the treatment of diphtheria carriage - 0.25 g 2 times a day. The course dose for the treatment of primary syphilis is 30-40 g, the duration of treatment is 10-15 days.

For amoebic dysentery, adults - 0.25 g 4 times a day, children - 30-50 mg/kg/day; Course duration is 10-14 days.

For legionellosis - 0.5-1 g 4 times a day for 14 days.

For gonorrhea - 0.5 g every 6 hours for 3 days, then 0.25 g every 6 hours for 7 days.

For preoperative bowel preparation to prevent infectious complications - orally, 1 g 19 hours, 18 hours and 9 hours before surgery (3 g in total).

For the prevention of streptococcal infection (tonsillitis, pharyngitis) for adults - 20-50 m/kg/day, for children - 20-30 mg/kg/day, course duration - at least 10 days.

For preventive septic endocarditis in patients with heart defects - 1 g for adults and 20 mg/kg for children, 1 hour before treatment or diagnostic procedure, then 0.5 g for adults and 10 mg/kg for children, repeated after 6 hours.

For whooping cough - 40-50 mg/kg/day for 5-14 days.

Side effects

From the digestive system: nausea, vomiting, gastralgia, abdominal pain, tenesmus, diarrhea, dysbiosis, rarely - oral candidiasis, pseudomembranous enterocolitis, liver dysfunction, cholestatic jaundice, increased activity of liver transaminases, pancreatitis.

Diarrhea that occurs during treatment with erythromycin should be reported to the doctor, because this may be a symptom of pseudomembranous enterocolitis.

During prolonged or repeat course Treatment with erythromycin may cause superinfection caused by drug-resistant bacteria or fungi.

On the part of the hearing organs: reversible ototoxicity - hearing loss and/or tinnitus (when using high doses - more than 4 g/day).

From the outside of cardio-vascular system: rarely - tachycardia, prolongation of the QT interval on the electrocardiogram, atrial fibrillation and/or flutter (in patients with a long QT interval on the electrocardiogram).

Allergic reactions: urticaria, other forms of skin rash, eosinophilia, rarely - anaphylactic shock.

Other undesirable effects that may occur after taking erythromycin: agranulocytosis, disorders of the nervous system (dizziness, confusion, hallucinations), nightmares.

special instructions

Symptoms of cholestatic jaundice may develop several days after the start of therapy, but the risk of development increases after 7-14 days of continuous therapy.

The likelihood of developing an ototoxic effect is higher in patients with renal and hepatic insufficiency, as well as in elderly patients.

Some resistant strains of Haemophilus influenzae are sensitive to the concomitant use of erythromycin and sulfonamides.

May interfere with the determination of catecholamines in urine and the activity of liver transaminases in the blood (colorimetric determination using definylhydrazine).

Newborns receiving erythromycin are at high risk of developing pyloric stenosis. In numerous clinical studies The antral and duodenal prokinetic effect of erythromycin has been proven.

During long-term treatment with erythromycin, it is necessary to monitor laboratory parameters of liver function.

Use caution in patients simultaneously treated with drugs whose metabolism occurs with the participation of monooxidases dependent on cytochrome P-450.

Broad-spectrum antibiotics (eg macrolides, semisynthetic penicillins, cephalosporins) can sometimes cause pseudomembranous colitis. Suppression in the intestines of normal bacterial flora promotes the development of the Clostridium difficile bacillus, the toxins of which cause clinical symptoms pseudomembranous colitis. Therefore, patients who experience diarrhea during antibiotic treatment or immediately after its discontinuation should not be treated themselves, but should consult a doctor. If pseudomembranous colitis is confirmed, erythromycin should be immediately discontinued and appropriate treatment initiated. In mild cases, it is enough to discontinue the drug; in more severe cases, it is necessary to take metronidazole or vancomycin. It is contraindicated to take drugs that inhibit intestinal motility or other anti-laxative agents.

Erythromycin is often used in medical practice antibiotic group of first generation macrolides. This drug was the first discovered representative of this group of antibiotics. It was first synthesized in 1952 from the soil actinomycete Streptomyces erythreus. By its nature, erythromycin has a bacteriostatic effect ( slowing the growth of pathogenic bacteria) on representatives of pathogenic flora with moderate sensitivity to the drug. Erythromycin has a bactericidal effect on highly sensitive flora ( complete destruction of pathogenic bacteria).

Erythromycin can be used orally, externally, rectally, intravenously and intramuscularly. When taken orally, it should be taken into account that the drug is destroyed when it enters the acidic environment of gastric juice. For this reason, erythromycin is recommended to be taken one and a half to two hours before meals, when the concentration of hydrochloric acid gastric juice is minimal. An alternative may be to take erythromycin in an enteric coating, which allows the active substance to be preserved when passing through the stomach and absorbed without loss in the initial parts of the intestine.

Erythromycin is actively used in medicine for parenteral administration. This method administration of the drug eliminates passage through the digestive tract, and, accordingly, the associated loss of part active substance. In addition, the optimal therapeutic concentration of the drug when administered parenterally is achieved much faster than when administered orally. On average, with intramuscular administration, the required concentration of the antibiotic is achieved in just 15 - 20 minutes, and with intravenous administration, even faster. External use of this drug in the form of ointments and solutions has limited use in the field of dermatovenerology and ophthalmology. Suppositories with erythromycin are most often prescribed to children, as well as to others age groups patients if it is impossible oral administration medicine.

Like any other drug, erythromycin has a number of contraindications and side effects. The most common side effects of the drug include a feeling of bitterness in the mouth, which appears literally on the second or third day of taking the drug. Erythromycin can develop an allergic reaction, the severity of which depends on individual characteristics body. Therefore, for patients who have shown signs of allergies in the past, taking the drug is strictly contraindicated, since each subsequent entry into the body causes more pronounced manifestations allergies.

Taking this antibiotic is not advisable during pregnancy and breastfeeding, however, in cases where the expected benefit outweighs the potential harm, erythromycin can be used.

When using this antibiotic, it is important to realize that its neutralization occurs mainly in the liver, therefore the parallel use of other drugs metabolized in the liver causes a slowdown in the release of both erythromycin itself and the accompanying substance. This is fraught with the accumulation of both drugs, accompanied by an increase in their toxic effect on the body and the development of signs of overdose. In connection with the above, antihistamines, benzodiazepines, ergot derivatives, indirect anticoagulants, some anesthetics, etc. should be taken with caution along with erythromycin.

Types of medication, commercial names of analogues, release forms

Erythromycin is available in the following dosage forms:

• enteric-coated tablets;
• suspension for oral administration;
• syrup;
• powder for the preparation of solution for intravenous and intramuscular injection;
• eye ointment;
• ointment for external use;
• solution for external use;
• rectal suppositories ( candles).

Enteric-coated tablets are the most common and commonly used therapeutic form erythromycin. They can be used for a wide range of diseases in both adults and children.

Oral suspensions and syrups are prescribed more often to children, due to the fact that they have low and medium concentrations. In addition, suspensions are easier to dose using a measuring cup or a regular sterile syringe.

Powder for preparing a solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration is often used in inpatient conditions, and its use is associated with certain features. It is important to carry out a scratch test to ensure that the body is not allergic to this substance. In addition, it is important to choose the right dose and method of administration of the drug, as well as adjust the doses of drugs that are used in parallel with erythromycin and are processed by the liver.

Erythromycin for external use is available in the form of ointments and solutions of various concentrations. As monotherapy ( treatment with only one drug) is used in ophthalmology for the treatment of bacterial keratoconjunctivitis. When treating skin diseases, it is often necessary to combine local treatment with erythromycin with systemic administration of another antibiotic.

Rectal suppositories are a fairly successful method of introducing erythromycin into the body from a physiological point of view, since the absorption of the drug from the rectum is equal to that of intramuscular administration. However, there are some drawbacks, the most serious of which is more early development dysbiosis of the large intestine ( destruction of beneficial intestinal microflora with the development of diarrhea).

Due to the fact that today there are many pharmaceutical companies producing erythromycin, each of them gives its product a unique name in order to distinguish it from drugs from competing companies. For this reason, in pharmacies you can find dozens of different names of erythromycin, differing from each other in composition excipients and, of course, the price. Drugs containing the same active substance, but with different names, are called generics or analogues.

The following analogues of erythromycin are distinguished:

• grunamycin;
• Ilozone;
• erythromycin-AKOS;
• erythromycin-LEKT;
• erythromycin-Ferein;
• eryfluid;
• Ermiced;
• altrocin-S, etc.

Manufacturers of erythromycin

Firm manufacturer		Commercial name drug	Manufacturer country	Release form	Dosage
Eli Lilly and Company		Ilozon	USA	Suspension for oral administration 125 mg/5 ml; 200 mg/5ml; 250 mg/5ml.	Enteric-coated tablets can be used by both adults and children over 6 years of age. Younger children may have difficulty swallowing the tablet, and crushing it reduces the effect of the drug. Therefore, for treating children younger age preference is given to syrups and suspensions. Adults and children over 12 years old the drug is prescribed at 250 - 500 mg 4 times a day. Children from 8 to 12 years old - 250 mg 4 times a day. Children 6 - 8 years old the drug is prescribed at 150 - 175 mg 4 times a day. Children from 3 to 6 years old the drug is prescribed at 100 - 125 mg 4 times a day. Children from 1 to 3 years old the medicine is prescribed no more than 100 mg 4 times a day. Children under 1 year the drug is prescribed exclusively for as a last resort when other treatments are contraindicated and unavailable. Optimal dose for children of this age is 20 - 40 mg/kg/day, divided into 4 doses. The duration of treatment depends on the severity of the disease and varies from 7 to 14 days.
Grünenthal		Grunamycin	Germany
Remedica		Ermiced	Greece	Syrup 125 mg/5ml; 250 mg/5ml.
Tyumen Chemical and Pharmaceutical Plant		Erythromycin-LEKT	Russia	Enteric-coated tablets 100 mg; 250 mg; 500 mg.
Sintez OJSC		Erythromycin	Russia
Biosynthesis OJSC		Erythromycin	Russia
Tatkhimpharmaceuticals		Erythromycin	Russia
Sintez OJSC		Erythromycin-AKOS	Russia	Eye ointment 10,000 units/g.	Eye ointment is applied to the inner surface of the lower eyelid in the form of a strip 1 - 2 cm long 2 - 4 times a day. After applying the ointment, it is recommended to close the eyes so that it spreads evenly over the surface of the cornea.
NIZHFARM		Erythromycin	Russia	Ointment for external use 10000 units/g.	The ointment is applied to the affected area of ​​the skin in a thin layer and gently rubbed, but not rubbed into the skin 3 - 4 times a day. The solution for external use must be applied to clean cotton wool or a cotton swab and applied to the affected area for 10-15 minutes every 6-8 hours. Applying a compress for more long time threatens the development of contact dermatitis. The duration of treatment depends on the specific disease.
Bryntsalov-A		Erythromycin-Ferein	Russia
Pierre Fabre Medicine		Erifluid	France	Solution for external use 4% - 30 ml; 100 ml.
Sintez OJSC		Erythromycin	Russia	Lyophilisate ( powder) for the preparation of a solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration 100 mg; 200 mg.	The drug is mixed with the required amount of saline until completely dissolved and administered intramuscularly, intravenously as a bolus ( in one shot) or intravenous drip depending on the doctor's prescription. For both adults and children, the dose of the drug is calculated at the rate of 15 - 20 mg / kg / day, divided into 3 - 4 doses. IN severe cases the dose can be increased to 4 g/day, provided there is no adverse reactions.
NIZHFARM		Suppositories with erythromycin	Russia	Rectal suppositories 50 mg; 100 mg.	Rectal suppositories are used primarily to treat children under 3 to 4 years of age. The dosage is carried out at the rate of 15 - 20 mg/kg/day, divided into 3 - 4 doses.

The mechanism of therapeutic action of the drug

Erythromycin molecules are able to penetrate into microbial cells and bind to the 50S ribosomal subunit ( specific cellular organelles that ensure the construction of all its proteins). This, in turn, leads to an interruption of the recovery processes inside the bacterium and a significant decrease in the metabolic rate in it. Under such conditions, the bacterium loses its ability to reproduce and is destroyed after some time.

It is important to note that erythromycin does not cause any harm to the cells of the human body, due to the fact that human body ribosomes are composed of 40S and 60S subunits.

The maximum concentration of the drug in the blood is achieved relatively quickly - 2 - 3 hours when taken orally; up to 30 minutes for intramuscular and rectal administration and 15 - 20 minutes for intramuscular administration. Erythromycin penetrates into almost all tissues of the body, with the exception of brain tissue, provided that the integrity of the blood-brain barrier is not compromised. The concentration of the drug in muscle tissue is equal to plasma concentration. In the pleural, peritoneal and joint fluid, the concentration of the antibiotic reaches 15 - 30%, and therefore the drug is an effective remedy in the treatment of purulent pleurisy, bacterial ascites-peritonitis and purulent arthritis.

One of the features of the drug is the ability to easily penetrate the hematoplacental barrier. In this regard, erythromycin is prescribed to pregnant women with extreme caution to avoid possible side effects on the fetus. Reliable data on the teratogenicity and mutagenicity of this medicine does not exist today, but it is still considered a second- and third-line drug and is prescribed only when the benefit outweighs the potential harm.

Along with the above, the drug freely penetrates into breast milk. In this regard, its prescription to breastfeeding mothers should be dictated only by vital indications. In adults, erythromycin may cause temporary hearing loss. In children under 1 year of age, these disorders may be more pronounced due to the higher sensitivity of the developing nervous tissue. In addition, the dose that the child receives is several times higher than what is permissible for his age due to the fact that he is fed milk, which contains the antibiotic in a concentration required for an adult. In connection with the above, it is recommended to transfer the child to artificial feeding during treatment with erythromycin.

Erythromycin is excreted from the body primarily by the liver in the form of bile. Moreover, about a third of the drug is excreted unchanged, maintaining the bacteriostatic effect. For this reason, erythromycin can be successfully used to treat exacerbations of chronic cholecystitis ( gallbladder inflammation) and for drug treatment acute cholecystitis in combination with another antibiotic with a bactericidal effect.

At intravenous administration erythromycin, the concentration of the antibiotic in bile increases, which has a beneficial effect on the treatment of cholecystitis. In addition, its concentration in urine increases to 15%, which makes it possible to use erythromycin for the treatment of infections genitourinary system.

For what pathologies is it prescribed?

Erythromycin is a first-generation macrolide that has a bacteriostatic effect on many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. In addition, this drug is capable of inhibiting the growth and development of certain non-bacterial pathogenic agents. In connection with the above, this antibiotic can be actively used to treat a wide range of diseases various organs and systems.

Erythromycin exhibits a bacteriostatic effect against the following pathogens:

• Staphylococcus aureus;
• Streptococcus pyogenes ( beta-hemolytic streptococcus group A, a common causative agent of sore throats and subsequently rheumatism);
• Streptococcus pneumoniae;
• Corynebacterium diphtheriae;
• Corynebacterium minutissimum;
• Neisseria gonorrhoeae;
• Legionella pneumophila;
• Bordetella pertussis;
• Mycoplasma pneumoniae;
• Ureaplasma urealyticum;
• Chlamydia trachomatis;
• Entamoeba histolytica;
• Treponema pallidum;
• Listeria monocytogenes and others.

Erythromycin may be used to treat the following conditions:

Name of the disease	Mechanism therapeutic effect	Dosage of the drug
Bacterial respiratory tract infections	The drug reversibly binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit of sensitive bacteria and stops protein synthesis in them. After some time, defects due to protein deficiency appear in the bacteria and they are destroyed.	In each individual case, the dosage of the drug and the method of its administration into the body are determined individually. For parenteral administration to adults and children the drug is prescribed in an average dose of 15 - 20 mg/kg/day, divided into 3 - 4 doses. When prescribing the drug orally, the dose is selected based on the patient’s age. Children up to 3 months the drug is prescribed at a dose of 20 - 40 mg/kg per day, divided into 3 - 4 doses. Children from 4 months to 18 years and adults - 30 - 50 mg/kg/day in 3 - 4 doses. The maximum daily dose is 4 g, provided there are no adverse reactions. The duration of treatment also depends on the severity of the pathological process, but it should be at least 5 - 7 days to avoid chronic infection.
Pneumonia
Diphtheria
Gonorrhea
Erythrasma
Legionellosis
Whooping cough
Urogenital chlamydia
Syphilis
Listeriosis
Furunculosis
Acne

How to use the medicine?

Since erythromycin is available in various dosage forms, it is necessary to explain the features of the use of each specific form.

Tablets, syrups and suspensions for oral administration should be taken 1.5 - 2 hours before meals or 2 hours after meals. During this time period, the food received the day before has already left the stomach and does not cause an increase in the acidity of gastric juice, and there is still some time left before a new meal. Thus, a time interval is selected during which the loss of erythromycin from destruction in gastric juice would be minimal.

For adults erythromycin is prescribed 250 - 500 mg 4 times a day. Maximum dose for an adult should not exceed 4 g.

Children 8 - 12 years old This antibiotic is prescribed orally at 250 mg per day.

Children 6 - 8 years old- 150 - 175 mg 4 times a day.

Children 3 - 6 years old- 100 - 125 mg 4 times a day.

Children 1 - 3 years old- 100 mg 4 times a day.

Infants up to one year old Erythromycin is rarely prescribed due to the risk of hearing loss. However, if there is no possibility of treatment with other means, the drug is prescribed 50 - 100 mg 3 - 4 times a day. Another dosage regimen, focused on the patient’s weight, states that up to 4 months, erythromycin is prescribed orally at 20–40 mg/kg/day in 3–4 doses.

Patients older than 4 months the drug is indicated at 30 - 40 mg/kg/day in 3 - 4 doses. The duration of treatment depends on the severity of the disease and the rate of recovery.

Before applying eye ointments, be sure to thoroughly wash your hands to avoid introducing additional pathogenic microflora into the tissues of the conjunctiva and cornea. For convenience, you need to stand in front of a mirror, pull the lower eyelid as far as possible, but so that it does not cause pain. Then you need to place the thin tip of the tube with ointment over the formed pocket between the eye and eyelid and squeeze out a 1-2 cm strip of ointment. Next, you need to release the eyelid and close the eye for a while to spread the medicine over all adjacent surfaces.

Skin ointments are easy to use and are often used in combination with other medications to enhance the effect of treatment. A thin layer of ointment is applied to the affected area of ​​the skin and carefully distributed, avoiding rubbing.

It is advisable to use solutions for external use in the form of lotions and compresses, since this way you can prolong the contact of the antibiotic with the affected skin. Cotton wool or a clean piece of fabric is perfect as a material for lotions. The existing material is moistened with an antibiotic and applied to the skin for a short time from 5 to 15 minutes. Longer use of such a compress increases the risk of skin irritation.

The use of erythromycin for parenteral administration involves some important points. First of all, you need to make sure that the expiration date of the drug has not expired. Secondly, it is important to properly prepare the solution for intravenous or intramuscular administration. To do this, you need to open the ampoule with the powder and add the required amount of saline or lidocaine indicated on the package. Saline solution is a universal solvent and can be used for both intramuscular and intravenous administration of erythromycin. However, with intramuscular administration, severe pain may occur due to irritation of pain receptors by erythromycin. To reduce pain You can use a local anesthetic - lidocaine or novocaine - as a solvent. However, it is important to note that diluting erythromycin with lidocaine or novocaine for subsequent intravenous administration is strictly prohibited, since these anesthetics can cause acute disorders heart rate. Third the most important condition parenteral administration of the drug is to check the body's reactivity to erythromycin and the anesthetic used by means of a skin prick test. If there is a pronounced inflammatory reaction at the site of the test, it is concluded that the patient is allergic to erythromycin or the solvent used. The dose for all ages is calculated from the ratio of 15 - 20 mg / kg / day, divided into 3 - 4 doses.

Rectally, erythromycin is prescribed to children under 3-4 years of age if no other route of administration is possible due to vomiting, narrowing of the esophagus, pain during injections, or categorical refusal for other reasons. The absorption of the drug from the rectum is equal to that after intravenous administration. In order for candles to retain their shape, they must be stored in a cool place and opened immediately before use. After pushing the suppository into the rectum, it is recommended to press and squeeze the child’s buttocks for a while to avoid the suppository coming back out. The dose is calculated as for parenteral administration - 15 - 20 mg per 1 kg of patient body weight per day, divided into 3 - 4 doses.

Possible side effects

Erythromycin is a highly effective drug, but in some cases it can cause side effects.

Side effects of erythromycin are divided into the following groups:

• violations by gastrointestinal tract;
• disorders of the central nervous system;
• disorders of the cardiovascular system;
• allergic reactions.

Gastrointestinal disorders
Most often, on the 2nd - 3rd day of using erythromycin, patients complain of a feeling of strong bitterness in the mouth, sometimes associated with nausea, vomiting and pain in the supra-umbilical region and right hypochondrium. At long-term use Candidiasis may develop - fungal infections oral cavity and other mucous membranes of the body.

Central nervous system disorders
Erythromycin is one of the medications that practically does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier. In other words, the drug should not affect the functioning of the brain for the reason that it is not able to interact with it. However, in the case where the above barrier between the blood and the brain is various reasons is destroyed, erythromycin begins to interact with brain neurons, often causing headaches, dizziness, hearing loss, hallucinations and even seizures.

Cardiovascular disorders
Data side effects erythromycin are recorded relatively rarely and are predominantly secondary. These include paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia and prolongation of the QT interval on the ECG.

Allergic reactions
Allergies to antibacterial drugs are quite common, and erythromycin is in this regard is no exception. In most cases, the allergic reaction manifests itself in the form of urticaria and is relieved after taking short course antihistamines ( suprastin, clemastine, loratadine, etc.). However, there are also more severe cases associated with angioedema and anaphylactic shock, the treatment of which is in many ways more complicated and requires inpatient conditions.

Approximate cost of the medicine

The cost of erythromycin can vary significantly depending on the company that produces the medicine and the form of release. The table below shows prices for erythromycin in some regions Russian Federation.

City
	Oral suspension	Syrup	Enteric-coated tablets	Eye ointment	Ointment for external use	Solution for external use	Powder for the preparation of solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration	Rectal suppositories
Moscow	67 rubles	96 rubles	92 ruble	31 ruble	34 ruble	38 rubles	20 rubles	84 ruble
Ekaterinburg	57 rubles	80 rubles	83 ruble	25 rubles	39 rubles	35 rubles	18 rubles	68 rubles
Krasnoyarsk	59 rubles	83 ruble	89 rubles	19 rubles	30 rubles	37 rubles	22 ruble	76 rubles
Chelyabinsk	63 ruble	88 rubles	85 rubles	24 ruble	31 ruble	32 ruble	19 rubles	71 ruble
Rostov-on-Don	59 rubles	79 rubles	86 rubles	22 ruble	38 rubles	38 rubles	24 ruble	69 rubles

Can erythromycin be used to treat acne?

Erythromycin is an excellent acne treatment. It is for this reason that he is part of the majority combination drugs to combat this disease. For this purpose, erythromycin is used in the form of ointments or solutions for external use.

Most erythromycin-based ointments are available in metal tubes with a volume of up to 15 g. The concentration of the active substance in them is 10,000 U/g. Before applying the ointment, the acne-affected area of ​​the skin must be washed and wiped dry. After this, a strip of ointment 2 - 3 centimeters long is applied and spreads evenly over the skin. When spreading the ointment, it is recommended to avoid rubbing it. For achievement good effect Erythromycin ointment should be used 2 to 4 times a day for one to two weeks.

The solution for external use is available under commercial name Erifluid in the form of a 4% solution of erythromycin in a dark glass bottle of 30 and 100 ml. For achievement maximum effect You should make compresses or lotions with this drug. To do this, apply an erythromycin solution to hygienic cotton wool or a clean piece of fabric and apply it to the acne-affected area of ​​skin for 5 to 15 minutes. Longer use of the compress may cause skin irritation. Compresses should be done 2 - 3 times a day for 10 - 14 days.

If there is no positive dynamics of treatment, you should contact your dermatologist again to adjust the treatment.

Can erythromycin be used during pregnancy?

Erythromycin is approved for use by pregnant women, but only in cases where the expected effect outweighs the potential harm to the fetus. As a rule, it is prescribed to this category of patients only for health reasons.

This antibiotic has the ability to easily penetrate into the blood circulation of the fetus. The dose of the drug, which is therapeutic for the mother, is for the fetus, whose weight is tens of times less weight mother, is excessive and causes toxic effect on his body. Moreover, incompletely formed fetal organs are not capable of efficiently neutralizing the antibiotic. Instead, they form intermediate metabolites, which also lead to intoxication of the small organism.

However, it should be noted that the external use of erythromycin in the form of eye and skin ointments, as well as in the form of solutions for external use, is not capable of providing a high concentration of this antibiotic in the blood, therefore it is considered safe for both the mother and the fetus.

Can erythromycin be given to children?

Erythromycin can be prescribed to children of all ages, but there are some important considerations.

Skin and eye ointments, as well as solutions for external use can be used to treat children of all ages absolutely without danger. Since the antibiotic in this case acts exclusively superficially, it cannot create a high concentration in the blood, and, accordingly, cannot cause damage to the organs and systems of the human body. An exception is an allergy to this substance, when even skin contact with it can cause a rash, itching, burning, and in some cases even anaphylactic shock ( a sharp drop in blood pressure after contact with an allergen).

The situation is different with those dosage forms of erythromycin that penetrate the body and have a systemic effect. These dosage forms include tablets, syrup, oral suspension, rectal suppositories and powder for solution for intravenous or intramuscular administration. The fact is that erythromycin has some side effects, such as a feeling of bitterness in the mouth, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, in some cases hallucinations, hearing loss and even convulsions. Due to the fact that children's body has a higher metabolic rate, its tissues are more sensitive to various types of interventions, including medications. Therefore, their risk of developing side effects is much higher. This risk is especially high in infants under four months of age.

In connection with the above, erythromycin is prescribed to children from 4 months to 18 years orally at 30 - 50 mg/kg/day, divided into 4 doses or parenterally ( intravenously or intramuscularly) 15 - 20 mg/kg/day in 3 - 4 doses. For children under 4 months of age, erythromycin is prescribed orally at 20–40 mg/kg/day in 4 divided doses or parenterally at 12–15 mg/kg/day in 3–4 divided doses.

Each dosage form preferable for certain ages. Tablets can be prescribed starting from 4 to 6 years of age, when the child can swallow it without problems and not choke. Suspensions are recommended for infants ( up to 1 year), since they can be successfully mixed with breast or artificial milk. The syrup is overly sweet, so infants often do not like it. But it is successfully used to treat children from 3 to 10 years old. Up to 3 years it is convenient to use rectal suppositories ( candles) with erythromycin. In terms of the rate of increase in concentration in the blood, they are equivalent to intramuscular injections. Direct injections can be prescribed at all ages, but they are difficult to tolerate by both children and their parents and are therefore used mainly in hospital settings.

Will erythromycin help with sore throat?

Erythromycin is an excellent treatment for bacterial tonsillitis. However, for the treatment of viral, for example, herpetic sore throat it won't fit. What helps is that bacterial sore throats make up about 98% of all sore throats, and therefore erythromycin remains topical drug for their treatment. It can be used alone or in combination with other antibiotics. However, it should be noted that you should start treating a sore throat not with erythromycin, but with simpler antibiotics.

The fact is that the World Health Organization recommendations for the treatment of sore throats say that in order to avoid the emergence of antibiotic-resistant species of bacteria, it is recommended to prescribe antibiotics in a certain order. Thus, penicillins are the first-line drugs ( ampicillin, amoxicillin, augmentin, etc.), the second line - macrolides and azalides ( erythromycin, azithromycin, roxithromycin, kanamycin, etc.) and third line - cephalosporins ( cefuroxime, cefepime, ceftriaxone, cefpirome, etc.). It makes no sense to return to first-line drugs after treatment with second or third line drugs, since the first line, alas, will be useless. In other words, by starting treatment immediately with second- or third-line drugs, the patient will certainly cure a sore throat the first time, the second time and the third, and by the tenth time the bacteria causing inflammation will become resistant to it. As a result, the antibiotic will not be able to stop the development of inflammation and it will progress, smoothly flowing into more and more complex forms, until it causes sepsis and kills the patient.

Thus, after the doctor has diagnosed a sore throat, the first thing he prescribes is penicillin. If on the third day of taking penicillins the signs of the disease increase, that is, the sore throat intensifies, the maximum daily body temperature increases, the total area of ​​pustules on the tonsils increases, then you should move on to macrolides and azalides - second-line drugs, and then to the third if necessary. Erythromycin, in particular, is one of the macrolides characterized by high antibacterial activity against most microbes, causing the appearance sore throat Therefore, it can be successfully used to treat prolonged sore throats.

Do I need a prescription to buy erythromycin?

According to the legislation of most countries of the post-Soviet space, the sale of antibiotics should be carried out only upon presentation of a prescription, which bears the doctor’s seal and medical institution where he works. Since erythromycin is an antibiotic, a prescription is also required to purchase it.

However, unfortunately, purchasing any antibiotic at a pharmacy is often not difficult. With uncontrolled use of antibiotics, strains of bacteria that are resistant to them appear in the population. Moreover, patients more often purchase antibiotics on their own last generations, wanting to be cured for sure and not thinking about the consequences. With the development of resistance ( addiction) to them, all other previous generations of antibiotics turn out to be useless for treating the mutated strain. Due to the fact that new groups of antibiotics are no longer being discovered, and the resistance of bacteria surrounding humans is steadily increasing, one day there will come a time when even simple sore throats will have nothing to treat.

In order to delay such a moment, it is necessary to use antibiotics rationally, starting with the simplest ones and moving on to more advanced ones as needed. It is the doctor who knows for which infections which antibiotics are preferable to use and whether they should be used in principle in a particular situation. Thus, a prescription with a doctor’s seal is considered, in a way, a guarantee that the treatment prescribed to the patient is reasoned and beneficial for him.

Without a clear understanding of the need to use an antibiotic and still buying it, the patient in most cases harms, first of all, himself. In order to avoid this, you should seek qualified medical help.

Which erythromycin analogue is better?

Any of the erythromycin analogues exhibits an equally good antibacterial effect. In other words, all erythromycin analogues are equally good in treatment.

There is an opinion among patients and some doctors that imported medicines are many times superior in quality to domestic ones. This opinion is partly justified, but only partly. The fact is that most modern medicines were first synthesized in laboratories outside the post-Soviet space. Thus, domestic pharmaceutical concerns more often produce generic drugs, that is, copies original drug, often inferior to it in quality. Copies are worse than the originals, because the pharmaceutical companies that carried out the development reserve the right to classify the formula and method of creating the medicine for a period of 5 to 10 years. After this time, the pharmaceutical company is required to disclose the formula and method of manufacturing the drug. However, in practice, not all production secrets are shared with competitors, and the company that invented the medicine still holds the lead in the quality of the medicine, and, accordingly, in its effectiveness. Competing companies still need about 5-10 years to bring the process of manufacturing generics to the level of the original drug. Thus, approximately, the company that invented the original medicine produces best product for 10 - 20 years from the moment the medicine was first released onto the market. This leadership is then lost.

Returning to the topic of the question, it should be noted that more than 40 years have passed since the discovery of erythromycin. Therefore, today, none of the pharmaceutical companies that have been on the market for a long time, protecting their reputation, produces low-quality erythromycin, since all the secrets of its production have long been known. Moreover, due to the fact that domestic erythromycin is much cheaper than its Western counterparts and is not inferior to them in quality, it is much more profitable to buy it and not overpay for a foreign brand.

Is it normal to feel a bitter taste in the mouth from erythromycin?

A feeling of bitterness in the mouth that occurs on the 2nd - 3rd day of treatment with erythromycin is a common side effect of this medication, but there is no need to panic, since this does not indicate any organic pathology.

Erythromycin is able to easily penetrate into all tissues of the body, with the exception of brain tissue, provided there is no serious injuries heads. Carrying through the bloodstream throughout the body, this antibiotic also enters salivary glands, from where to active form secreted into the oral cavity. Once in the oral cavity, the drug molecules affect the taste buds of the root of the tongue, causing a feeling of bitterness in the mouth.

This side effect is typical not only for erythromycin, but also for other representatives of macrolide antibiotics. Although it should be admitted that the bitterness in the mouth from erythromycin is an order of magnitude stronger than from macrolides synthesized later.

Will erythromycin help with barley?

Erythromycin in most cases helps with barley, since in the spectrum antibacterial activity this drug includes the main infectious agents that cause this disease.

Stye is an inflammation sebaceous gland or hair follicle edges of the eyelids It develops due to a microbe entering the cavity of the gland or follicle, causing damage surrounding tissues. A few hours after the onset of inflammation, itching appears in the corresponding eyelid, smoothly turning into pain as the swelling increases. On the 2nd - 3rd day of the disease, the head of the abscess appears above the site of inflammation. This stage of the disease is associated with the most unpleasant sensations. Afterwards, the abscess breaks out on its own or decreases in size until it disappears completely. Usually, from the moment the stye appears until it is cured, it takes from 4 to 7 days. In order to shorten the recovery period to 1 - 3 days, an antibiotic such as erythromycin can be successfully used.

For the treatment of stye, erythromycin is used in the form of an eye ointment, available in a tin tube of 3, 5 and 10 grams. The ointment must be applied 3 times a day. To apply it, it is recommended to stand in front of a mirror, with clean hands pull down the lower eyelid of the corresponding eye and squeeze a strip of ointment 1 - 2 cm long into the resulting pocket. Then the eyelid is released and the eye is closed for several minutes so that the ointment spreads evenly over the entire surface of the cornea. In most cases, 2 - 3 days of such treatment is enough to cure barley.

Is it possible to combine erythromycin with alcohol?

It is highly not recommended to combine taking erythromycin with drinking alcohol.

Erythromycin, like alcohol, is neutralized in the liver. To put it simply, the liver's capacity is limited. It is this conventional value that doctors focus on when calculating the rate of elimination of a particular drug, and, as a consequence, its dosage regimen. Thus, if there are two substances in the blood that are neutralized by one organ, their elimination will be slowed down. Slowing down the elimination of alcohol may seem like a tempting idea at first glance, but in practice things are not so rosy. Until the alcohol breaks down into water and carbon dioxide, it goes through the stage of intermediate metabolites. These metabolites have toxicity tens of times greater than that of the ethyl alcohol. The severity of the disease depends on the concentration of these metabolites. hangover syndrome. Thus, using erythromycin along with ethyl alcohol, the patient aggravates his condition in the coming morning.

The second negative effect is the retention of erythromycin itself in the body, leading to its gradual accumulation and overdose. With the most favorable outcome, the patient ends up with vomiting, diarrhea, severe weakness, hearing loss and headaches. In more severe cases, acute renal failure and liver failure, convulsions or paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia. Any of the following conditions by itself can lead to death, and even more so in combination. Therefore, before use alcoholic drinks While taking erythromycin, it is recommended to think several times about the possible consequences of such a step.

However, it should also be noted that the use of erythromycin in the form of ointments and solutions for application to the skin does not create high concentrations of the drug in the blood, and therefore does not affect the rate of elimination of alcohol from the body and is not contraindicated.

Erythromycin(in Latin Erythromycin) is a mixture of structurally similar compounds that are produced by the bacterium Saccharopolyspora erythraea. In medicine, erythromycin is used as an antibiotic. From a chemical point of view, the drug is a representative of the glycoside class; from a pharmacological point of view, it belongs to. The main component of the drug is erythromycin A, then a little erythromycin B (5%) and an even smaller amount of erythromycin C.

Erythromycin is most often used to treat gram-positive (streptococci, staphylococci), anaerobic (Propionibacterium, Corynebacterium) and mycoplasma infections.

Erythromycin has almost the same spectrum of action as penicillins. Therefore, their indications for use are similar.

Due to this, erythromycin can be used in patients with an allergic reaction to or resistance to β-lactam antibiotics.

Erythromycin therapy is indicated for infections caused by flora that are sensitive to it, and most often:

• for infections of the ENT organs - inflammation of the middle ear, sinusitis;
• for respiratory tract infections such as bronchitis or pneumonia;
• at severe forms acne;
• with some forms of urethritis;
• with diphtheria.

If oral administration is not possible for any reason, erythromycin must be administered intravenously.

Erythromycin can also be used to stimulate gastric motility and emptying when first-line drugs such as domperidone and metoclopramide do not help. desired effect. Erythromycin at a subantibacterial dose binds to motilin receptors. Thus, it stimulates gastrointestinal peristalsis, relaxation of the pyloric muscles and coordinates the motility of the stomach and duodenum.

However, the use of erythromycin as a prokinetic agent is classified as “Off-Label-Use” (use of the drug for indications not approved by government regulatory authorities).

Interactions and side effects

Erythromycin is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4, 3A5, 3A7. Therefore, the biotransformation of substances that are metabolized by these same enzymes may be slowed down. These substances include, for example, cyclosporine, diazepam, warfarin. At joint use with erythromycin there is a possibility of their excessive accumulation in the body.

Erythromycin is well tolerated by the human body. The most common side effects are mild gastrointestinal disorders. Erythromycin is a powerful prokinetic agent that accelerates gastric emptying. Very rarely, allergic reactions, tinnitus, and temporary hearing loss may occur.

Erythromycin recipe in Latin issued in the following forms:

• tablets in dosages of 100, 250, 500 mg;
• oral suspension 200 and 400 mg/5 ml;
• ampoules of 500 or 1000 mg,
• ointment 10 and 15 grams, 100,000 units each.

In tablet form

We will write out a prescription for erythromycin in the form of tablets (more details –) with a dosage of 100 mg and prescribe 1 tablet to be taken orally 4 times a day:

Rp.: Erythromycini 100 mg
D.t.d. N 20 in tab.
S. Orally, 1 tablet 4 times a day.

In the form of a suspension

Rp.: Erythromycini 400 mg/5 ml
D.t.d. N 10
S. Orally, 1 bottle 2 times a day. Shake before use!

In ampoules

We will write out a prescription for erythromycin in the form of ampoules. More details - ointment recipe in Latin.

Rp.: Unguenti Erythromycini 100,000 units - 10.0
D.S. Place behind the lower eyelid at night.

One Erythromycin tablet contains 100, 200, 250 or 500 mg of active ingredient.

1 g of ointment for external use contains 10,000 units of active ingredient. Additional substances: white paraffin, lanolin, sodium metabisulfite.

1 g of eye ointment contains 10,000 units of active substance.

1 bottle of erythromycin intravenous solution lyophilisate contains 100 mg of the active substance in the form of erythromycin phosphate.

Release form

Available in tablet form, as a solution, ointment, and Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment.

pharmachologic effect

Bacteriostatic antibiotic , which has an antibacterial effect.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

The principle of action is based on binding to the ribosomal subunit, which leads to the destruction of peptide bonds between amino acid molecules, blocking the process of protein synthesis in the microorganism. Acts on gram-positive cocci and gram-negative flora. Erythromycin – receptor agonist motilina . The drug increases the rate of evacuation in digestive tract due to its influence on the amplitude of contraction of the pylorus, it has positive impact on antral-duodenal coordination .

Indications for use of Erythromycin

What are the tablets for and what is the ointment for?

Indications for use of the drug are infections of bacterial etiology: trachoma , whooping cough , erythrasma , diphtheria , listeriosis , legionnaires disease, brucellosis , scarlet fever , gonorrhea , amoebic dysentery , pneumonia in children, primary syphilis , uncomplicated chlamydia , sinusitis , cholecystitis , tonsillitis , otitis , tracheitis , juvenile acne, bronchitis . The medicine is prescribed for the prevention of streptococcal infection in patients with rheumatism . At allergies to penicillin is a reserve antibiotic.

Contraindications

Erythromycin is not used in cases of significant hearing loss, intolerance to the components, during pregnancy, or when taking astemizole, terdenacin. For arrhythmia, breastfeeding, jaundice , kidney pathologies are prescribed with caution.

Side effects

Hearing organs: ototoxicity .

Digestive system: tenesmus, epigastric pain, dysbacteriosis , vomiting, cholestatic jaundice, oral candidiasis, pancreatitis .

The cardiovascular system: atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation . Possible development phlebitis at the injection site, allergies, eosinophilia

Instructions for use of Erythromycin (Method and dosage)

The drug is taken one hour before meals with a sufficient amount of liquid.

Erythromycin tablets, instructions for use

The average dosage for adults is 200-400 milligrams every 6 hours. If necessary, the daily dose can be increased to 4 grams.

Children: 40 mg/kg per day, in 2-4 doses. The duration of antibacterial therapy is 7-10 days.

Erythromycin ointment, instructions for use

Apply to affected areas 2-3 times a day. For burns 2-3 times a week. Can be used for children from birth. The course usually lasts one and a half to two months.

Overdose

In case of overdose, acute renal failure, hearing impairment. Timely gastric lavage and use of enterosorbents . Forced diuresis , peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis are ineffective.

Interaction

Erythromycin has a negative effect on the bactericidal effect carbopenems , cephalosporins, penicillin and other beta-lactam antibiotics. With intravenous administration, an increase in the effect of ethanol is observed, nephrotoxicity cyclosporine. Antibiotic reduces clearance midazolam , triazolam , slows down the rate of elimination coumarin anticoagulants , felodipine , methylprednisolone . Rhabdomyolysis increases with simultaneous admission Lovastatin . Erythromycin enhances bioavailability digoxin . Negatively affects the effectiveness of hormonal contraception. Arrhythmia develops with the simultaneous intake of astemizole and terdenadine. The drug is incompatible with chloramphenicol , clindamycin.

Terms of sale

No prescription required.

Storage conditions

In a place protected from moisture, out of reach of children, at a temperature of no more than 25 degrees Celsius.

Best before date

No more than 3 years

special instructions

For severe bacterial infections, Erythromycin is administered intravenously as erythromycin phosphate. At the time of taking the drug, breastfeeding is stopped. With long-term antibiotic therapy, regular monitoring of the liver condition is carried out. Ototoxicity occurs more often in individuals with pathologies of the renal system. Tablets should not be taken with dairy products or milk.

Recipe in Latin:

Rp: Erythromycini 0.25
D.t. d. N 20 in tab.
S. 1-2 tablets 4 times a day.

Erythromycin during pregnancy

In animal studies, it was found that the substance crosses the placenta and is found in low concentrations in blood plasma, however negative influence does not affect the fetus.

No studies have been conducted in pregnant women.

Based on this, it is worth noting that during pregnancy the drug can only be used if possible benefit from its use is higher than the possible risk to the fetus.

Erythromycin analogs

Level 4 ATX code matches:

Analogues are Altrocin-S , Erythromycin ointment.

Reviews of Erythromycin

An effective drug for combating pustular formations. Has antibacterial and anti-acne effects. A large and frequent occurrence of side effects has been observed. Those who have used the drug sometimes note that the medicine does more harm than good.

Reviews of Erythromycin ointment for acne

The ointment is believed to be effective in treating acne. Tablets of the drug are also prescribed in combination with ointment for especially advanced cases acne disease.

Erythromycin for sore throat

The antibiotic is also effective for sore throat. Drinks from 5 to 14 days. A doctor's prescription is required.

Erythromycin price, where to buy

The price of Erythromycin in tablets of 500 mg is 130 rubles for 10 pieces.

The price of Erythromycin ointment is 35 rubles per tube of 15 g.

• Online pharmacies in Russia Russia
• Online pharmacies in Ukraine Ukraine
• Online pharmacies in Kazakhstan Kazakhstan

WER.RU

Pharmacy 36.6

BIOTEK

Erythromycin ointment 10000 units/g 15g BIOTEK

Erythromycin phosphate por.liof.d/in. bottle 100mg N1 SYNTHESIS OF ACO

Erythromycin ointment hl. 10000IU/g 10gTATHIMPHARMA PREPARATIONS

ZdravZona

Erythromycin 500 mg No. 10 tablets Sintez OJSC

Erythromycin lyophilisate for solution 100 mg No. 50 bottles Synthesis AKO OJSC

Erythromycin lyophilisate for solution 100 mg No. 1 bottle Synthesis AKO OJSC

Erythromycin ointment 10000 units/g 10g Sintez OJSC

Erythromycin 250 mg No. 10 tablets Biosynthesis OJSC

Pharmacy IFC

Erythromycin Biosynthesis (Penza), Russia

Erythromycin Synthesis AKO OJSC (Kurgan), Russia

Erythromycin Tyumen Chemical Plant (Tyumen), Russia

show more

Pharmacy24

Erythromycin Vitamins (Ukraine, Uman)

Erythromycin Vitamins (Ukraine, Uman)

Erythromycin

PaniPharmacy

Erythromycin tablet. 0.1g No. 10 Vitamins

Erythromycin tablet. 0.1g No. 10 Vitamins

Erythromycin tablet. 0.1g No. 10 Vitamins

show more

BIOSPHERE

Erythromycin AKOS 10000 IU/g 10 g ocular ointment.Sintez OJSC (Russia)

Erythromycin phosphate 100 mg No. 1 bottle.Sintez OJSC (Russia)

Erythromycin 100 mg No. 10 tablet p.o. solution/intestinalBiosynthesis (Russia)

Erythromycin 250 mg No. 10 tablet p.o. solution/intestinalBiosynthesis (Russia)

Long-term uncontrolled use of a macrolide (especially in the maximum permissible doses) sometimes causes side effects such as dyspeptic disorders due to stagnation of bile and due to

Possible side effects also include:

• pain in the epigastric or abdominal region;
• tenesmus (the urge to have a bowel movement);
• inflammation of the pancreas;
• ringing or ;
• transient decrease in the acuity of auditory perception;
• candidiasis of the oral mucosa.

Taking Erythromycin for an unreasonably long time or interrupting the course leads to the formation of resistance in representatives of pathogenic microflora, as a result of which treatment with this antibiotic does not bring results.

Overdose

If single and daily doses are significantly exceeded, poisoning is possible, the symptoms of which are hearing loss and development.

The victim needs to rinse the stomach and give it (for example, Polysorb or).

It is necessary to monitor respiratory function. An overdose is the basis for hospitalization of the patient in a specialized department of the hospital (intensive care unit or toxicology department).

note

Forced diuresis, as well as hardware blood purification, are completely ineffective in this case.

Erythromycin during pregnancy and lactation

The antibiotic passes freely through the blood-placental barrier. Plasma concentrations in the fetus reach 20% of the concentration in the mother's blood. No embryotoxic, mutagenic or teratogenic effects were detected.

If a woman who is preparing to become a mother has infections of the genitourinary system, she is prescribed 500 mg of Erythromycin 4 times a day. Course duration – 1 week. In case of poor tolerance, the single dose is halved, but the duration of therapy is increased to 14 days.

This macrolide is not recommended for nursing mothers. If antibiotic therapy is required during lactation, the question is raised about temporarily transferring the baby to artificial milk formula.

Additionally

Some strains of Haemophilus influenzae are resistant to monotherapy with this macrolide, but are sensitive to the combination of Erythromycin and sulfonamides.

The risk of developing bile stasis increases by the second week of continuous course treatment. The likelihood of hearing loss is higher in older people and old age, as well as in patients with renal or hepatic dysfunction.

Particular caution when taking Erythromycin should be observed in patients who have had episodes of heart rhythm disturbances. Dosage adjustments or drug replacement may be required in case of renal or liver failure.

Conditions for storage and release from pharmacies

To purchase Erythromycin, you will need a doctor's prescription.

Tablet forms should be kept in places with low humidity, at a temperature not exceeding +25°C.

The shelf life of the medicinal product is 2 years from the date of release marked on the factory container.