home Audience 12 Blepharitis: symptoms, diagnosis, types, treatment. Modern treatment of blepharitis

Blepharitis: symptoms, diagnosis, types, treatment. Modern treatment of blepharitis

Inflammation of the edges of the eyelids is called blepharitis - symptoms, causes and treatment depend on the type and duration of the disease. Often this disease takes a chronic form before treatment begins, so it is difficult to cure. There are cases when, due to the condition and severity, the goal of treatment is only to increase the duration of remission. Find out how to quickly detect and carry out correct treatment diseases. During the period of inflammation, women are strictly advised to refrain from using mascara, eye shadow and other eye makeup products, but wearing contact lenses Maybe.

What is blepharitis?

The name blepharitis unites a whole group of diseases that affect the eyelids. All of them are not infectious species, but cause significant discomfort to the patient, worsening his quality of life. When blepharitis develops, it affects both eyelids, creating a small gap for the eye, which reduces the field of vision. The disease affects nervous system, reducing the performance and activity of the brain. The main group of patients are elderly people, but the disease often appears in children and adults.

Symptoms

Since blepharitis has several types, the symptoms of the disease are divided into general and individual. To the main features inflammatory process include:

redness of the eyelids;
swelling of the edges of the eyelids;
sensation of a foreign object;
pain;
sensitivity to bright light;
increased dryness or moisture of the eyes;
burning of the skin of the eyelids;
loss or poor growth of eyelashes;
the presence of crusts after sleep;
rapid eye fatigue;
eyelid hyperemia (filling of blood vessels).

In addition to the main symptoms of the disease, others may appear that are characteristic of only one type:

Allergic – inflammation of the mucous membrane that occurs after applying eye ointment, using eye cosmetics, contact with household chemicals, dust, wool, fluff, feathers or pollen. At acute form severe itching, swelling, and lacrimation suddenly appear. During the period of chronic blepharitis, you may experience unpleasant, uncontrollable itching, accumulation of mucous discharge, and pain in the eyes. More often, exacerbations occur seasonally.
Demodectic mange (caused by the Demodex mite) – severe itching in the morning, pain, the appearance of a sticky discharge that dries out and becomes scaly, thickened inflammation of the edges of the eyelids.
Scaly (seborrheic) - redness of the edges of the eyelids, a feeling of sand in the eyes, the appearance of scales between the eyelashes, thickening of the skin, itching. Over time, the eyelids become very swollen, creating only a gap for the eye, lacrimation occurs, eyelashes fall out, and the eyelid can turn outward.
Ulcerative - the formation of inflammation of purulent eyelash sacs, ulcers on the edges of the eyelids with purulent crusts. Due to the suppuration of the hair follicles, the river grass begins to fall out until it completely disappears. Entropion or inversion of the eyelids may occur.
Meibomian (with blockage of the glands of the same name) - redness, itching, burning, pain in the eyelids. Eyelashes begin to fall out due to the destruction of the hair structure, sensitivity to light and wind, heaviness of the eyelids appears, and the eyes quickly get tired even with a small load.

Causes

If blepharitis is diagnosed, symptoms and treatment depend on the type of disease. The causes of the disease are:

fungus;
demodex mites;
bacteria;
chronic infection;
allergic reactions;
lack of vitamins;
tuberculosis;
diseases digestive system;
diseases of the nasopharynx and oral cavity;
anemia;
diabetes;
bad habits;
improper care behind the skin around the eyes;
negative impact environment;
eye diseases.

In children

The main cause of blepharitis in children is Staphylococcus aureus(when the body is weakened). Less commonly, pathology develops due to factors such as:

hypothermia;
getting dust and other mechanical particles into the eyes;
physical stress;
infectious diseases;
reduced immunity;
diabetes;
metabolic disorders;
helminthic infestations;
allergy;
chronic pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract (gastrointestinal tract).

Types of blepharitis

If blepharitis is suspected, the symptoms and treatment of the disease depend on the type of disease. Each is characterized different reasons infections and diagnostic criteria:

In addition to classification by symptoms, diseases are divided by anatomical factors:

anterior – affects the edges of the eyelids;
posterior – accompanied by an inflammatory process in the thickness of the eyelids;
angular - affects the corners of the eyes.

Diagnostics

If you suspect blepharitis, consult an ophthalmologist. The doctor will be able to determine the disease by conducting a diagnosis. To identify a simple, ulcerative, scaly type, an external examination to identify redness with inflammation and examination of separated particles under a microscope is enough. When diagnosing demodicosis type, an additional microscopic examination century

Treatment of blepharitis

Many treatments have been developed for the treatment of blepharitis. medicinal substances and courses of therapy, but coping with the disease is difficult. Doctors may prescribe different drugs to stop the development of inflammation until a suitable one is found. To quickly get rid of germs and other pathogens of blepharitis, use complex treatment: drops, ointments, massage, which ultimately:

remove crusts and scales from the epithelium of the eyelid;
relieve inflammation and redness;
relieve itching and burning.

Drops

Effective action provide drops for blepharitis. They contain antibiotics or other antibacterial substances. Drops are used 3-6 times a day, but the exact dose is prescribed only by a doctor, who will take into account the severity of symptoms, areas of damage to skin cells, general state health. You only need to follow the ophthalmologist's recommendations.

Ointment

Massage

The doctor will show you how to massage the eyelids for blepharitis at home, but the general recommendations are as follows:

Before the beginning self-treatment The skin of the eyelids is degreased and after application is lubricated with a 1% solution of brilliant green.
The course of such self-massage is 3 weeks.
If self-execution procedure is not suitable, the ophthalmologist performs a massage with a glass rod under local anesthesia.

Treatment of blepharitis with folk remedies

Effective assistance in the treatment of blepharitis will provide traditional methods. Doctors advise their patients to combine drug therapy with folk You can choose one or more recipes to use during the treatment period:

Complications and consequences

If you are diagnosed with blepharitis, be prepared for complications of the disease. They are especially pronounced in children. Frequent consequences:

Forecast

If treatment for blepharitis begins in a timely manner, with correctly selected medications, the overall prognosis for the disease is favorable. At the same time, you should know that the disease often lasts a long time, is difficult to treat, improvements come slowly, which leads to chronic form with constant relapses. Normal therapy provides speedy recovery patient without consequences or complications.

Prevention

To prevent the disease from appearing again, it is necessary to carry out the prevention of blepharitis, which consists of the following:

hygiene: own towel, handkerchief;
do not touch your eyes with dirty hands;
personal belongings of a patient with demodectic blepharitis should be kept separately from common things: pillow, towel;
strengthening immunity;
timely treatment infectious diseases.

Photo of blepharitis

Video

Blepharitis is a pathology in which inflammation of the edges of the eyelids is observed. This inflammation is uncomfortable, affects vision and causes pain, itching and burning. With blepharitis, the eye as a whole may remain unchanged, which often leads to the mistaken belief that the disease is trivial and does not require treatment. In fact, this is not the case, and over a long period of time, the eyes are exposed to constant infection, which can cause significant problems, including deterioration of vision.

Blepharitis of the eye: what is it?

Blepharitis is an inflammation of the edges of the eyelids caused by bacterial infection. It is difficult to open your eyes in the morning because the pus blinds your eyelashes overnight. Characteristic of blepharitis chronic course, although both chronic and acute forms are distinguished.

The prevalence of this disease among people is very high (approximately 30%). The disease can affect children, but nevertheless the maximum peak incidence is observed in age group from 40 to 70 years.

Blepharitis can occur as a result of diseases occurring in the body that are not related to the eyes, as well as due to a reduced level of its protective forces. Failure to consult a doctor promptly may result in serious complications, for example, which will require inpatient treatment

According to the localization of inflammation, they are distinguished:

front edge - light form, damage to the eyelids only along the ciliary edge;
posterior marginal - deeper inflammation affecting the meibomian glands;
angular (angular) - inflammatory lesion with typical localization in the corners of the eyes.

Based clinical course eye disease Blepharitis can occur in the following ways:

simple form;
seborrheic, also known as scaly type (usually associated);
ulcerative or staphylococcal blepharitis (ostiofolliculitis);
demodectic inflammation of the eyelids;
allergic form;
acne or rosacea-blepharitis;
and finally, a mixed version.

Causes

Usually the disease is caused by an infectious (bacteria, fungi, mites) or allergic agent. Blepharitis can be caused by various reasons, but whatever the immediate cause of eyelid inflammation, the development of blepharitis is of paramount importance. reduced immunity, as a result of recent or existing common diseases.

Possible reasons:

Long lasting stye of the eyelid;
Allergic conditions, and vitamin deficiency;
Application of cosmetics (mascara);
Prolonged exposure to the sun, in dusty rooms;
Astigmatism, myopia, farsightedness;
Diseases of the digestive system;
Autoimmune lesions caused by chronic foci of inflammation: carious teeth, inflammation of the genitourinary system.

The main reason for the appearance of blepharitis in children is (when the body is weakened). Less commonly, pathology develops due to factors such as:

hypothermia;
getting dust and other mechanical particles into the eyes;
physical stress;
infectious diseases;
reduced immunity;
diabetes;
metabolic disorders;
allergy;
chronic pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract (gastrointestinal tract).

Blepharitis can also occur due to negative impact environment ( increased content dust and smoke in the air, prolonged presence of chemical compounds in the atmosphere).

Symptoms of blepharitis (photo)

It is immediately worth noting that no matter what particular form of the disease described has developed in the patient. He will always be observed typical symptoms blepharitis of the eye, which includes such manifestations as:

rapid fatigue of the organ of vision;
increased sensitivity of the eye to irritants (for example, light or wind);
eyelids turn red, swell and itch;
blurred vision, which is associated with the constantly forming tear film;
eye discharge appears, leading to plaque on the eyelids and sticking of eyelashes.

Secondary signs of pathology with impaired blood supply are:

photophobia;
objects appearing double;
swelling;
prominent foaming secretion in the corners of the eyes;
falling out eyelashes;
profuse tears;
accumulation of inflammatory crusts.

In the morning hours, the patient’s symptoms are clearly expressed in large cluster pus sticking together the eyelids. The only way to help open the eyelids is by rinsing.

Please note: symptoms may not occur all the time; periods of remission (improvement) often alternate with exacerbations.

Infectious (ulcerative) blepharitis

The entry of microorganisms into wounds that are invisible to the eye can lead to their proliferation and damage to surrounding tissues. The following symptoms appear:

Sensation of sand in the eyes, burning, redness of the eyelids, purulent discharge from the eye, sticking of the edges of the eyelids after sleep.
Purulent crusts appear on the edges of the eyelids.

Allergic blepharitis

This form is characterized by alternating exacerbations and conditions. full health. Symptoms of the disease, contrary to popular belief, do not appear when a person first encounters an allergen. At this moment, only its “recognition” and “memorization” occurs, as potentially harmful substance. After which, within 1.5-2 weeks, the production of inflammatory proteins occurs ( IgM antibodies). It is their interaction with allergens that leads to the appearance of all signs of pathology.

There are many factors that cause allergic blepharitis. The most common of them are:

House dust;
Cosmetic products containing an allergen (mascara, eye shadow, etc.);
Hygiene products containing an irritant (soap, etc.);
Unsuitable skin products (lotions, creams, milks, etc.);
Pollen;
Chemical irritants.

This type of disease differs from other types of blepharitis in its sudden onset associated with the penetration of an allergen into the body. In this case, the following clinical picture is observed:

Redness and swelling of the eyelids.
Feeling of “sand”, burning in the eyes.
Reaction to bright light, lacrimation.
Discharge of mucus from under the eyelashes.
Unbearable itching.
Darkening of the edge of the eyelids, called allergic bruising.

Squamous blepharitis

A characteristic symptom of the scaly form of blepharitis is the appearance of small brown-grayish scales, similar to dandruff, along the edges of the eyelids and at the roots of the eyelashes. Moreover, these dead particles of the epidermis cling very tightly to the skin. The edges of the eyelids turn red and thickening appears on them. The disease is accompanied by itching, which evening time intensifies. The eyes quickly get tired and become sensitive to external stimuli: dust, wind, bright light.

Demodectic blepharitis

Demodectic blepharitis is manifested by redness and thickening of the edges of the eyelids, the presence of scales, crusts, and white muffs on the eyelashes. The mite settles in the lumens of the meibomian glands and eyelash follicles. Among the symptoms:

Intense itching of the eyelids, worse in warmth.
Rapid eye fatigue, redness, foamy discharge at the edges of the eyelids.

Meibomian

Meibomian blepharitis is the result of chronic blepharitis, which is characterized by blockage of the meibomian (eyelid edge) and sebaceous glands. In this case, the formation of a transparent secretion is noted, which cannot flow freely from the clogged glands, since they are inflamed. Bubbles with secretory fluid resolve after some time.

Signs of the development of eye pathology are:

Condensed edges of the eyelids.
Painful sensations in the eyelid area, burning, itching.
Swelling and slight swelling of the affected eyelids.
Rapid eye fatigue with normal visual load.
Decreased visual acuity, development of photophobia in some cases.

Acne blepharitis (rosacea)

Acne blepharitis is often combined with acne. Characterized by motley rashes on the skin of the eyelids. Pimples take on a scarlet hue. The disease rarely occurs in isolation. More often it is combined with conjunctivitis, dry eye syndrome, chalazion or hordeolum ().

Angular

It is characterized by inflammatory processes in the corners of the palpebral fissure. At the same time, foamy contents accumulate in the corners of the eyes. The eyelids in the corners of the eyes thicken, cracks and ulcers appear on them. This disease often occurs in teenagers.

Complications

If eye blepharitis is not treated, the following complications may occur:

chalazion;
chronic conjunctivitis;
barley;
corneal injury;
keratitis;
abnormal growth eyelashes;
scarring of eyelid tissue;
deformation of the edge of the eyelid;
development of abscesses;
Difficulty using contact lenses;
excessive tearing;
dryness of the mucous membrane of the eye.

Diagnostics

If the patient promptly applied for medical care and strictly follows the recommendations of the attending physician, then, as a rule, recovery occurs quite quickly. For a specialist, making a diagnosis is not difficult. To do this, you only need a medical history and simple diagnostic procedures, such as an external examination and biomicroscopy (examination using a microscope).

If a bacterial infection is suspected, a swab is taken from the surface of the conjunctiva and bacteriological culture in order to detect a specific pathogen and determine its sensitivity to antibacterial drugs.

Treatment of blepharitis

Treatment of eye blepharitis is usually conservative. It takes a long time and usually requires integrated approach taking into account causal factors.

General principles of treatment of blepharitis:

antibacterial drugs in the form of ointments and solutions;
sulfonamides;
antiseptics;
antihistamines;
glucocorticosteroids;
vitamin therapy;
good nutrition;
increasing immunity;
autohemotherapy for persistent disease;
elimination of concomitant diseases.

Treatment of blepharitis is carried out taking into account its occurrence, development, type and is based on three important principles:

Using warm compresses to improve fluid outflow from the inflamed area. Are used herbal remedies, heated to a warm temperature napkins, towels applied to the eyelids. It is recommended to do compresses three times a day to obtain positive effectiveness.
Mandatory eyelid cleansing using a few drops of non-stinging baby shampoo dissolved in water. The mixture helps eliminate desquamated epithelium, crusts, and dirt. Rinse carefully so as not to put pressure on the eyelids or irritate the mucous membrane.
Application to the edge of the eyelids in case of bacterial infection of ointments directed action. Bacteria are fought with the help of tetracycline, erythromycin, bacitracin eye ointments, indicated for use by an ophthalmologist.

If external eye treatment is ineffective, additional antibiotic tablets will be prescribed.

The following drugs are also widely used:

Ofloxacin (drops);
Ciprofloxacin (drops);
Maxitrol (ointment containing polymyxin B and neomycin).

If the disease develops against the background of influenza, colds, or other viral infections, ophthalmologists recommend antivirals– actipol, ophthalmoferon, poludan. Drops should be used by people with symptoms of chronic blepharitis for prevention in winter and spring.

Physiotherapeutic treatments help speed up the healing process. For blepharitis use:

electrophoresis with antibiotics and vitamins;
UHF therapy;
UV therapy;
magnetotherapy.

Blepharitis is a recurrent pathology. The effectiveness of treatment depends on regular eyelid hygiene and proper drug therapy. However, even this does not exclude periodic exacerbations.

Folk remedies

Corn oil– boil the oil and cool, lubricate the eyelids 2-3 times a day, you can alternate using burdock oil and rosehip oil. Vegetable oils Particularly effective for seborrheic blepharitis.
Decoction bay leaf – Pour 250.0 ml of boiling water over 12 leaves and boil for 3 minutes. Then apply the broth to sterile swabs and apply to the eyelids for 15-20 minutes. This method effective for allergic blepharitis.
To get rid of the accompanying this disease tear drops from a decoction of cumin or plantain come to the rescue. Decoctions of cornflower and eyebright flowers can be used for the same purpose. Instillation is carried out before bedtime and immediately after waking up.
Burdock oil helps well in the treatment of seborrheic blepharitis, which should be applied to the edges of the eyelids before going to bed.
Can be put in eyes water solution honey This solution contains a large amount of vitamins, minerals and nutrients.
Has proven itself well infusion of thyme or calendula flowers with chamomile. Last resort can be used in the fight against infection that caused the inflammatory process.

Prevention

To prevent the disease from appearing again, it is necessary to carry out the prevention of blepharitis, which consists of the following:

hygiene: own towel, handkerchief;
do not touch your eyes with dirty hands;
personal belongings of a patient with demodectic blepharitis should be kept separately from common things: pillow, towel;
strengthening immunity;
timely treatment of infectious diseases.

Blepharitis is enough unpleasant disease, causing a lot of inconvenience to a person. It can be very difficult to cure; it cannot be done without an integrated approach.

Blepharitis is a condition in which the edges of the eyelids become inflamed. There is a group under this name eye diseases. Inflammation is usually localized in the eyelash area and is difficult to treat. How to recognize blepharitis, and what types of this disease exist?

In this article we will try to clarify that the nature of blepharitis is different. And the choice of treatment tactics depends on its cause.

Traditional medicine successfully copes with this disease.

Rosehip and eucalyptus

Rosehip flowers, of which ten grams are needed, are poured with 200 milliliters of water and boiled over low heat for ten minutes. After standing for half an hour, strain and rinse your eyes with it. The procedure is carried out twice a day.

Thirty grams of eucalyptus leaves pour 200 milliliters of water and boil for twenty minutes over low heat. After the broth has cooled, it is filtered and diluted one to one with boiled water. Soak gauze wipes with the solution and apply to the eyes for fifteen minutes. This procedure is carried out three times a day.

Aloe and onion broth

The plant must be more than two years old. Wash the cut leaf thoroughly, cut off a small piece and squeeze out the juice. Place two drops of juice into each eye, no more than three times a day. Store the sheet in the refrigerator for no more than a day. The juice cannot be stored; it needs to be fresh for the procedure.

Boil a large onion in 500 milliliters of water for half an hour, let it cool, remove the onion, strain the broth and add a dessert spoon of honey. Wash your eyes with this product five times a day.

Clover and dill

For treatment, clover inflorescences must be freshly picked. Grind them using a blender. Place the pulp on gauze napkins and apply this compress to your eyes for twenty minutes. This procedure should be carried out three times a day.

A tablespoon of dill, pour 200 milliliters of boiling water, and after the infusion has stood for half an hour, make eye lotions from it, morning and evening. You can also chop the dill using a blender and apply the resulting pulp to your eyes, after wrapping it in a bandage. Dill seeds are also suitable for treating blepharitis. In this case, a tablespoon of seeds is poured with boiling water, and after the infusion has cooled, it is used for lotions.

Bay leaf and tea

Pour 250 milliliters of boiling water over twelve medium-sized bay leaves. Place on the fire for three minutes, then remove the leaves and add a tablespoon of natural ingredients to the broth. apple cider vinegar and honey. The decoction should be prepared every day and drunk in small sips throughout the day. You need to be treated for thirty days.

A teaspoon of black and green tea, stir and pour 200 milliliters of boiling water, strain after cooling. Add a tablespoon of homemade wine to the drink. You need to rinse your eyes with this solution every three hours. Continue treatment until complete recovery.

Basil, chamomile, lemon

Fresh leaves of this plant should be applied to the eyes for five to ten minutes four times a day. First you need to rinse them well and knead them with your fingers or a rolling pin.

A spoonful of chamomile is poured with boiling water, and after it has cooled to room temperature, it is filtered using a clean cloth folded in several layers. You need to wash your eyes with chamomile infusion four times a day.

To a glass of water, which must first be boiled and cooled, add five drops of fresh lemon juice. Wash your eyes with this solution if you have blepharitis.

Essential oils and thyme

Several times a day, you need to lubricate the edges of your eyelids with almond, corn, rose or burdock oil. First, the crusts must be removed with tweezers and the eyes should be washed with one of the herbal infusions.

The eye wash solution is prepared as follows. Pour a tablespoon of herb into a glass of water and boil in a water bath for five minutes. Allow the infusion to cool and then strain thoroughly. Rinse eyes three times a day.

Fees for the treatment of blepharitis

A tablespoon of cumin, and a teaspoon each of eyebright, plantain leaves and cornflower flowers. Pour 200 milliliters of water over the cumin and cook for half an hour over low heat. At the end add plantain, cornflower and eyebright. Let it brew for twelve hours. Strain the infusion thoroughly and drop it into the eyes no more than twice a day, three drops.
Boil a teaspoon of calendula, chamomile, and string in a water bath for five minutes, pour a glass of water. The infusion should steep for an hour. You need to drink it in a day. It is also useful to make eye compresses from the infusion.
Elder flowers, cornflower flowers, soapwort grass. Mix twenty grams each and pour 400 milliliters of boiling water. Let it brew for eight hours and use as a lotion three times a day.
Mix calendula flowers, cornflower, chamomile and eucalyptus leaves in equal proportions. Pour a spoonful of the mixture into a glass of boiling water. After the infusion reaches room temperature, you need to strain it using several layers of gauze and rinse your eyes. The procedure should be carried out no more than three times a day. Before going to bed, you need to apply cotton swabs soaked in this infusion to your eyelids and keep them there for ten minutes. Treatment is carried out until complete recovery.

Laundry soap and celandine

This method is used for demodectic blepharitis. In order to get rid of a tick, you need a little grated dark washing soap. Dilute the soap with a small amount of warm boiled water and beat into foam. It should be carefully applied to the edges of the eyelids and left for three minutes. Then rinse thoroughly with water and apply Vaseline to your eyelids. Procedures should be carried out with caution to avoid getting soap in the eyes.

Pour a tablespoon of celandine herb with a glass of boiling water and let it brew for fifteen minutes. Strain, moisten gauze pads with infusion and apply to eyes for ten minutes. You should avoid getting the infusion into your eyes.

Before starting treatment, you need to seek advice from a specialist.

Treatment of blepharitis is conservative, long-term, requiring an integrated local and systemic approach, as well as taking into account etiological factors. Often consultations are required to eliminate blepharitis narrow specialists(otolaryngologist, dentist, dermatologist, allergist, gastroenterologist), sanitizing chronic foci of infection and deworming, normalizing nutrition, improving sanitary and hygienic conditions at home and at work, increasing immunity. If refractive errors are detected, it is necessary to carry out their correction with glasses or laser.

Blepharitis is a disease that is difficult to treat and is prone to a chronic relapsing course. Therefore, treatment for blepharitis should be persistent and consistent, and also include, in addition to local procedures, general strengthening methods aimed at strengthening the immune system. To do this from medications use vitamin therapy and immunostimulating drugs mild action, for example, "Immunal" - a drug plant origin, which contains Echinacea purpurea juice.

If farsightedness is detected, you should definitely take measures to eliminate it with the help of corrective lenses or glasses. Dry eye syndrome also needs to be eliminated, for which you need to take breaks from working with the computer every half hour, maximum hour. In case of already developed dry eye syndrome, instillation of adrenaline-containing drops, for example, Visina, is used.

Anti-inflammatory drugs in the form of lotions, ointments and drops are used locally to treat blepharitis. If a specific infectious agent in the form of staphylococcus or demodex is identified, antibiotics or anti-tick agents are used. It is necessary to carefully observe eye hygiene and avoid using cosmetics for the entire duration of treatment for blepharitis.

How to treat

Scientists have made great progress in developing treatments for blepharitis. Effective medications, methods of physiotherapy have been developed.
Nevertheless, treatment for blepharitis is difficult and lengthy. It requires patience and persistence from both the doctor and the patient. It is important to identify and eliminate the cause of the disease. Otherwise, it will recur and progress, despite the treatment.

And the patient, if he wants to recover quickly, must scrupulously follow the doctor’s orders.

Ulcerative blepharitis
Careful eyelid hygiene is necessary. Crusts and discharge are removed with a damp cotton swab. If the crusts are rough, they are first softened with a damp lotion or by lubricating the edges of the eyelids with ointment. A complex ointment containing a corticosteroid and an antibiotic is applied to the edges of the eyelids with a finger or a glass rod: dexa-gentamicin (dexamethasone 0.1% + gentamicin 0.3%), and in case of intolerance to gentamicin - complex ointment Maxitrol (dexamethasone 1 mg/g, neomycin 3.5 mg/g, polymyxin B 6 thousand units/g). In case of symptoms of conjunctivitis or marginal keratitis, additional instillation eye drops dexa-gentamicin or maxitrol. For corneal epitheliopathy or corneal ulceration - solcoseryl eye gel, Vitasik eye drops (containing adenosine, thymidine, cytidine, uridine, guanosine, etc.) or Korneregel (dexpantheol 50 mg/g).

Seborrheic blepharitis
Eyelid hygiene plays an important role. WITH therapeutic purpose prescribed: lubricating the edges of the eyelids eye ointment hydrocortisone (hydrocortisone-POS - 1%, and in severe cases - 2.5%), instillation eye drops“artificial tears”: natural tears or ophtagel. For symptoms of conjunctivitis, dexamethasone eye drops 0.1% (Dexapos or Maxidex) are prescribed.

Blepharitis demodectic
The main goal of treatment is to reduce the level of mite infestation. Recommended hygiene care behind the eyelids: wipe the eyelids twice a day with a swab soaked in saline solution, diluted baby shampoo or a 70% solution ethyl alcohol with ether. The edges of the eyelids are lubricated with hydrocortisone-POS 2.5% ophthalmic ointment and dex-gentamicin ophthalmic ointment. It is important that before going to bed the edges of the eyelids are generously covered with ointment, this disrupts life cycle ticks. For symptoms of conjunctivitis, instillation of Dexapos eye drops is prescribed 1-2 times a day. It is advisable to massage the eyelids followed by treatment of the edges of the eyelids.

Allergic blepharitis
Eliminating the “culprit” allergen, if possible, is the most effective and safe method treatment. Treatment includes long-term combined use of antiallergic eye drops (lecrolin, alomide) and lubrication of the eyelid edges with anti-inflammatory corticosteroid eye ointment (hydrocortisone-POS). For infectious-allergic blepharitis, the edges of the eyelids are lubricated with Dex-gentamicin or Maxitrol eye ointment. To prevent the progression of blepharitis, you should never self-medicate. But how often, when pain, swelling of the eyelids and other symptoms of trouble appear, patients buy over-the-counter albucid at the pharmacy and begin to “be treated.” It is unacceptable!

You should consult a doctor promptly to have your vision checked, especially after 40 years of age. At this age, due to a decrease in the refractive power of the lens, difficulties arise when working at close range, and the eyes quickly tire. And against this background, as already mentioned, it often develops inflammatory disease ciliary edges of the eyelids.

Those who have allergic blepharitis should protect their eyes from dust and wear Sunglasses, do not use mascara, eye shadow, and during the flowering period of plants, try not to travel outside the city.

It goes without saying that those who have blepharitis as one of the symptoms of diabetes or a disease of the digestive system must first treat this disease and strictly follow the diet prescribed by the doctor. For other forms of blepharitis, no special dietary recommendations are required, with the exception of one thing: the diet should contain as much as possible more products, rich in vitamins.

Treatment at home

For conjunctivitis and blepharitis, the following folk remedy will help you: take equal quantities of strong green and black tea, one teaspoon of dry grape wine (per glass, one spoon), mix the above ingredients.
Rinse your eyes with this product. Rinse your eyes frequently. Well traditional treatment blepharitis must be continued until recovery. By the way, this remedy helps not only with blepharitis, but also with conjunctivitis and in general with any inflammation of the eyes.
Use the following herbs to treat blepharitis and inflammation of the eyelids. You will need chamomile and calendula flowers. You can buy them at any pharmacy. Take half a teaspoon of flowers. pharmaceutical chamomile and calendula, pour into a glass and pour boiling water. Let it brew for eight minutes, longer if possible. Then strain and drink a third of a glass three times a day.
It is also necessary to apply it to the eyelids themselves. fresh leaves basilica Naturally, dry basil will not work; you need to pick fresh one or go to the market and buy it there. Basil belongs to herbs, so it won’t be difficult for you to find it. The plant must be mashed before use. After two days, the eyes will be healthy again.
There are many treatments for blepharitis, but they are very expensive and difficult to prepare. And this folk remedy for treating blepharitis is very simple and accessible to all people.
Apply syntomycin liniment to your eyelids three to four times (buy at a pharmacy). This method was discovered completely by accident: they simply applied this product to the inflammation around the eye, and at the same time to the eyelids themselves.

But before this incident, the person suffered from blepharitis for 30 years! I always carried some brilliant green with me, just in case. As a result of use this tool got rid of blepharitis. This remedy helped not only one person, but many people.

Massage

After you have washed your face, massage your eyelids. To do this, use a special tool that is sold in pharmacies - a glass stick with a spatula on one end and a ball on the other. The ball is used to apply ointment, and the spatula is intended for massage. When massaging, lightly press the eyelid with a spatula and move it towards the edge of the eye. If the process has not yet gone too far, small bubbles of liquid will appear from under the eyelid, and if the disease is advanced, you will see a viscous sebaceous secretion white in the form of flagella. The massage is done sequentially: first each eyelid of one eye, then the other.

At the end of the massage, apply the solution prescribed by the doctor to your eyelids. To do this, wet a cotton swab with the product, remove excess moisture so that during processing the medicine does not get on eyeball. Now remove the sebaceous substance protruding from the eyelid by moving the stick from the inner corner of the eye to the outer corner.

When finished with treatment, apply drops prescribed by your doctor or apply ointment. It is strictly forbidden to self-medicate with blepharitis - use antibiotics or antiseptics at your own discretion. The problem is that all these drugs can provoke irritation or allergies and aggravate the disease.

Eye drops

Apply and antiseptics— Blefarogel, Miramistin, calendula solution, etc. Eye drops are also used - with antibiotics and anti-inflammatory components (Tobradex, Maxitrol, etc.) or fluoroquinolones: 0.3% sulfate solution gentamicin, 0.3% norfloxacin solution, 0.3% tobramycin solution.

Ointment

An antibiotic ointment, such as fucidin or chloramphenicol, is used to treat acute folliculitis. The ointment is rubbed into the front edge of the eyelid with a cotton swab or a clean finger. In chronic cases, this treatment may not be effective.

Weak topical steroids, such as fluorometholone, are used 4 times a day for short periods of time. They are useful in cases of secondary papillary conjunctivitis or marginal keratitis.

For acute ulcerative blepharitis, an antibiotic ointment (for example, bacitracin/polymyxin B or 0.3% gentamicin 4 times a day for 7-10 days) is prescribed.

Blepharitis– not a separate eye disease, but a group of ophthalmological diseases accompanied by chronic inflammatory processes affecting the edges of the eyelids. Blepharitis is difficult to treat. Golden color leads to the development of inflammation, and in children - Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Blepharitis is a long-term disease; it often recurs, turning into chronic blepharitis, which negatively affects performance, advanced cases may lead to vision loss.

Blepharitis is difficult to treat. Staphylococcus aureus leads to the development of inflammation, and in children - Staphylococcus epidermidis

Causes

Blepharitis can be caused various reasons. This:

Infection with demodex mites. In most people, they live on the surface of the skin, in the hair follicles. Decreased temperature, hypothermia, and overwork can lead to the activation of ticks and their increased reproduction. When they get on the skin of the eyelids, they provoke blepharitis.
Allergic reactions. People with hypersensitivity to various irritants (dust, flowers) often suffer from allergic blepharitis. It may be accompanied by an inflammatory process on the mucous membrane, which leads to the development of blepharoconjunctivitis. Ocular blepharitis can develop against the background of other diseases in which a violation occurs metabolic processes. As a result, allergization occurs, which is manifested, among other things, by a change in the composition of the secretions of the meibomian glands, which are located between the eyelashes.
Overvoltage eye muscles can also cause blepharitis. This is most often observed in people who are farsighted and do not use glasses. The eyes get tired, a person begins to rub them with his hands and can cause an infection. However, this is not the only way the infection can enter: it can penetrate along with the flow of blood or lymph from the diseased tooth, inflamed tonsils, from another source of inflammation.

In a child, inflammation can occur due to:

Diseases of the nasolacrimal ducts;
Helminth infestations;
Disorders associated with the gastrointestinal tract;
Vitamin deficiency;
Allergies.

Symptoms

Blepharitis manifests itself in the same way in children and adults. Symptoms and treatment for blepharitis vary depending on the type of blepharitis.

Scaly blepharitis (simple). In other words it is called seborrhea. It manifests itself as redness and hypertrophy of the eyelid margins, accompanied by itching. A fear of light develops, scales appear on the eyelashes, appearance resembling dandruff. The eyes become very sensitive, they instantly react to light and wind.
Ulcerative blepharitis. A more complex form of inflammation. Typical for schoolchildren and teenagers. The symptoms resemble scaly eye blepharitis, but the pain is much more intense. Crusts form on the edges of the eyelids, under which small bleeding ulcers are located. Eyelashes may fall out and pus may accumulate in the follicles. Scarring of the tissue may develop, and in some cases, entropion of the eyelids. Inflammation can spread and even spread to the conjunctiva and cornea.
Angular. The location of the inflammatory process is the angular fissure of the eye. Foamy contents accumulate in the corners, and the eyelids hypertrophy. Another sign is the formation of ulcers and cracks. More often this form is diagnosed in adolescents.
Seborrheic blepharitis. Caused by diseases associated with eyelash follicles, as well as meibomian glands. It often occurs against the background of seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp and eyebrows.
Rosacea. Characterized by the appearance of skin centuries of nodules.
Demodectic. Caused by mites that live in eyelash follicles. initial stage the disease is accompanied severe itching, especially intense immediately after waking up. Other signs include: pain in the eyes, sticky contents. Next, hypertrophy and hyperemia of the eyelid margin develops. In some cases, an inversion of the eyelid occurs.
Meibomian blepharitis. This type characterized by damage to the meibomian glands. When pressing on the eyelid, yellowish-white contents are released. Pus accumulates in the corners. Often this form occurs in combination with.

Simple blepharitis is the mildest type of disease.

Classification by location

Front edge. With this form of blepharitis, inflammation occurs only along the edge of the eyelid.
Posterior edge. In this case, the meibomian glands also become inflamed, which can subsequently lead to damage to the cornea (keratitis) and conjunctiva.
Angular. Inflammation is localized in the corners of the eyes.

The following symptoms are found in blepharitis:

rapid eye fatigue;
heaviness of eyelids;
fear of light;
hyperemia and swelling;
scaly formations on the eyelids;
loss of eyelashes and their abnormal growth.

Clinical picture

The disease begins with swelling and redness of the eyelids, their thickening, and loss of eyelashes. An additional danger can be created when the eyelashes change the direction of growth and begin to scratch the cornea. An infection can penetrate into such a wound, which can lead to the formation of ulcers and erosions on the cornea and can lead to loss of vision.

A mild course is accompanied by itching, redness, and the formation of scales. In severe forms of the disease that have developed as a result of untimely or improper treatment, ulcers form on the eyelid, from which blood is released.

The body's compensatory reaction to the inflammatory process, which occurs in the form of scarring, causes abnormal eyelash growth. Eyelashes become thin, fall out, and new ones grow poorly.

Externally, blepharitis of the eyelids can also manifest itself in different ways, as can be seen in the photo.

Diagnostic measures

Diagnosis is based on existing symptoms, as well as laboratory and instrumental studies. Blepharitis can occur in atypical form, then a bacteriological examination of the contents of the eyelids is carried out. If the development of an oncological process is suspected, it is prescribed. Classic laboratory research – general analysis blood and urine - allow you to determine the severity of the inflammatory process and the presence of complications.

Treatment

Despite the presence large quantity drugs intended for the treatment of blepharitis of the eyelids, the process is complex and lengthy. Treatment is based on identifying the cause of the disease and eliminating it, otherwise relapses are inevitable.

In case of ulcerative form, it is necessary to carefully observe the rules of eyelid hygiene. The crusts and contents are carefully removed using a damp cotton swab. If the crusts are hard, they must first be softened with a lotion. For home treatment, ointments with corticosteroids and antibiotics are used. In cases where blepharitis of the eyelids is accompanied by conjunctivitis, dex-gentamicin drops are prescribed.

Treatment of the scaly form of blepharitis also involves cleansing the eyelids. For treatment, hydrocortisone ointment and artificial tears are prescribed.

Treatment of demodectic blepharitis includes wiping the eyelids 2 times a day with saline solution. For application, use ointment with hydrocortisone, and it is necessary to apply it with special care before going to bed.

Important! Treatment task allergic form involves first identifying the allergen.

Treatment involves instilling antiallergic drops into the eyes and using corticosteroid ointment. For allergic and blepharitis infectious nature Dex-gentamicin is used.

It is extremely important to consult a doctor when the first symptoms appear to find out how to treat correctly, and not self-medicate. Special group people prone to development ophthalmological diseases, are people over 40 years old. At this age, due to a decrease in the refractive power of the lens, the eyes quickly become tired, which provokes inflammatory processes.

In the morning, after waking up, the first thing you need to do is hygiene procedures. However, you should avoid cold water, as this may worsen the situation due to stagnation of venous blood.

After cleansing procedures, a massage of the eyelids is mandatory. You can buy a special one at the pharmacy glass rod. Massage movements are carried out towards the edge of the eyelid.

After the massage, the eyelids are wiped with a mixture of alcohol and ether. This should be done very carefully so that the solution does not get into your eyes. After this, drops prescribed by the doctor are instilled and ointment is applied.

If treatment is not started in a timely manner, blepharitis will provoke the development of barley, chalazions, keratitis, etc.

Treatment of blepharitis in children is also carried out, but diet and immunomodulatory therapy are also recommended.

Prevention of blepharitis

Preventive measures are quite simple: do not use someone else’s face towel and do not touch your eyes with dirty hands. If one of your family members suffers from tick-borne blepharitis, you should not take their pillow.

Treatment with folk remedies

Considering that drug treatment carried out using antibiotics, you need to understand that folk remedies for the treatment of blepharitis can only be used as auxiliary methods.

The following recipes can be used:

Rinsing the eyes with a mixture of strong black and green tea and a spoon of dry grape wine. Washing should be done as often as possible.

Chamomile and calendula flowers can also be used. Half a teaspoon of flowers is mixed and poured with boiling water and infused. After the infusion has cooled, it is consumed orally. Drink a third of a glass three times a day.

Fresh basil leaves are applied to the eyelids, which should be slightly mashed before use.

Another remedy suggested traditional medicine- brilliant green. Cotton swab moisten in brilliant green and coat the base of the eyelashes. There is no need to worry that stains will remain - the product is immediately absorbed.