home Audience 12 Premenstrual syndrome. PMS: what is it and how to get rid of it

Premenstrual syndrome. PMS: what is it and how to get rid of it

The menstrual cycle is complex hormonal regulation, its phases are replaced one after another, and in each of them, certain sex hormones predominate in the body of a woman. In some women, the second phase of the cycle is accompanied by the appearance of signs of PMS.

The abbreviation PMS stands for premenstrual syndrome and refers to a complex set of symptoms that occur a few days before the expected period.

It is manifested by metabolic, endocrine and autonomic nervous system disorders. There are other names for the pathology: “premenstrual tension syndrome” and “premenstrual illness”.

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1. Symptoms of PMS

Appear 2-10 days before the onset of menstruation. They can be observed in both ovulatory and anovulatory cycles. Symptoms disappear with the onset of bleeding, less often after it ends.

There are over 150 signs that can accompany. The main ones are:

1 Changes in the digestive system: nausea, vomiting, bloating and discomfort in the abdomen, stool disorders (constipation or diarrhea), bulimia, change taste sensations craving for alcohol or sweets.
2 pain different localization : in the lower back, lower abdomen and pelvic region, head, in the region of the heart.
3 Breast engorgement, edema varying degrees expression on the legs, arms, face, decreased diuresis and fluid retention.
4 Neuropsychiatric disorders: mood swings, tearfulness, aggression, depressed mood, unmotivated fear, isolation, depression, suicidal thoughts.
5 Skin manifestations: increased fat content, sweating, appearance acne, hyperpigmentation.
6 From the side of the musculoskeletal system: joint pain, muscle weakness, lumbodynia, sciatica.
7 Other manifestations: tachycardia, pruritus, dizziness, thirst.

Similar symptoms disturb from 5 to 40% of women, and 10% of them note that PMS disrupts the normal rhythm of life and relationships with others.

Some features noticed premenstrual syndrome. It is more pronounced in young women, although it also occurs after 40-50 years.

In girls, depression of mood, tearfulness are more often observed, in women after 40 years - aggression. Premenstrual symptoms are more typical for residents of large cities, engaged in mental work and having a lack of body weight.

2. Clinical forms

Scientists have tried to reduce the variety of manifestations into a single classification of forms of PMS. Currently, the classification proposed by V.P. Smetnik is often used. She shares everything manifestations of PMS into 4 forms: neuropsychic, edematous, cephalgic and crisis.

2.1. Neuropsychic

In this form, symptoms of dysfunction of the nervous system predominate - mood swings, aggression, lability, weakness and fatigue. May occur auditory hallucinations, sexual disorders, cognitive disorders (memory, attention).

2.2. edematous

A woman has swelling of varying severity on her legs and arms. Swelling of the fingers makes it difficult to remove wedding ring. The mammary glands become rough, become painful or sensitive, the volume of the abdomen increases, the digestion process changes.

Some patients note weight gain, which occurs due to fluid retention (up to 700 ml / day).

There is often excessive sweating and hypersensitivity to smells. Many women with such symptoms turn to therapists, do not analyze the frequency of complaints.

2.3. Cephalgic

Women with this form of PMS are dominated by headache, dizziness, increased sensitivity to sounds and smells, there may be nausea, vomiting. Headache is often throbbing, appears in a certain part of the skull, but is not accompanied by an increase blood pressure.

Some women notice a rapid heartbeat, excessive sweating. There may be swelling, engorgement of the mammary glands, while diuresis is positive (the amount of urine excreted is greater than the amount of fluid drunk).

2.4. Crisis

It is characterized by sympatho-adrenal crises. Blood pressure rises sharply, pressing pain in the chest, palpitations appear. Sometimes the patient notes cold extremities, the appearance of fear of death.

There are no changes on the ECG. Crises occur in the evening or at night, as well as after stress or overwork. After an attack, the woman urinates profusely.

This form of PMS is the result of refusing to treat edematous, cephalgic or neuropsychiatric forms.

Severity	Light	Medium	heavy
	Mild - with this form, 3-4 symptoms appear 2-10 days before the onset of menstruation, but only 1-2 are pronounced.	Intermediate between mild and severe	The occurrence of 5-12 symptoms 3-14 days before menstruation, of which 2 to 5 are significantly pronounced.
Stage	Compensation	subcompensation	Decompensation
Stage	Symptoms appear before menstruation and disappear with its onset, over the years the disease does not progress.	Over time, the number of complaints increases, as does the duration of PMS and its severity.	The course is severe, the symptoms are pronounced. Number and duration light gaps with relatively good health minimum.
Impact on daily life	The daily rhythm of life does not change. The quality of life is not affected.	Activity of a woman in everyday and family life decreases, but the ability to work remains.	The woman loses her job

Table 1 - Severity of premenstrual syndrome

2.5. Atypical forms

Some women have symptoms that do not fit into the generally accepted classification. Some researchers point to such manifestations of PMS:

1 Hyperthermia with a regular increase in temperature in the luteal phase to subfebrile numbers. There are no signs of inflammation in blood tests, and body temperature returns to normal with the onset of menstruation.
2 Menstrual migraine. It is manifested by a migraine headache during the days of menstruation.
3 With cyclic allergic reactions (more often in the form of urticaria, less often - Quincke's edema).
4 Ophthalmoplegic form - unilateral drooping of the eyelid in the luteal phase.
5 Hypersomnic - appearance lethargic sleep in the second phase of the cycle.
6 Cyclic bronchial asthma.
7 Cyclic gingivitis and stomatitis.

With PMS, these symptoms should recur each cycle for several months. To establish a connection with the cycle, you can independently keep a diary and note the time of occurrence discomfort. This will help organize the information and make it easier for the doctor to make a diagnosis.

3. Theories of emergence

Why do cycle phases change easily and painlessly for some women, while for others it becomes a real test? So far, there is no consensus on this issue.

The following conditions contribute to the deterioration of well-being:

1 Frequent stress, sedentary lifestyle.
2 Menstrual irregularities and profuse, painful periods.
3 Neuroinfections.
4 Severe pregnancy and childbirth.
5 Consequences of abortion.
6 Gynecological diseases.
7 Injuries and operations.
8 Chronic diseases.
9 Sexual dissatisfaction.
10 Poor diet, consumption of foods low in fiber, vitamins B and D, calcium.

The hormonal theory of PMS was one of the first to be put forward. Other theories are currently being developed:

1 Water intoxication.
2 Allergic.
3 Prolactin.
4 Prostaglandin.
5 Psychosomatic.

The following facts support the hormonal theory of PMS:

1 Signs of pathology first occur with the onset of puberty; for girls, this condition is uncharacteristic.
2 Unpleasant sensations before menstruation can be observed throughout the entire reproductive period and practically disappear with the onset of menopause.
3 Symptoms do not resolve in women who have undergone hysterectomy with ovary sparing.

The hormonal theory is related to the predominance of estrogen levels over progesterone (relative hyperestrogenism) and their undesirable effects.

The development of water intoxication is associated with a violation of water-salt metabolism in the body. Normally, fluid retention occurs in the luteal phase of the cycle, but with an imbalance, this figure increases even more. The consequence of this is mastodynia - pain and engorgement of the mammary gland.

Headache has also been associated with overhydration and increased intracranial pressure. In some patients who are prescribed diuretics, the severity of pain decreases.

4. Diagnostics

In the diagnosis of PMS, confirmation of the cyclicity of symptoms is of primary importance. There is no need to use all available survey methods. Preference is given to those that are suitable for a particular form of pathology.

List of basic diagnostic methods:

1 Hormone testing will be indicative for most women with PMS. Determine the level of estrogens (estriol), progesterone, prolactin in the second phase of the cycle.
2 Estimation of hormone levels is of secondary importance thyroid gland, cortisol, C-peptide, sex steroid-binding globulin and glucose tolerance test.
3 According to the indications, ultrasound of the thyroid and mammary glands, ECG, EEG, CT, MRI are performed.
4 With neurological symptoms, CT or MRI of the brain is necessary to exclude tumor formations. The interpretation of the results obtained is carried out jointly with neurologists.
5 In the neuropsychic form, electroencephalography is desirable, the results of which determine functional disorders in the diencephalic limbic structure of the brain.

5. Methods of treatment

It is possible with the help of psychotherapy and lifestyle changes. It is important for women to pay attention to the mode of work and rest.

Observance of the daily regimen, the time of going to bed (optimally no later than 22-23 hours) will help to get rid of unpleasant sensations. For those who have night shifts and shifts, it is better to transfer to day work.

During the day, it is important to alternate work and rest. Regular physical education, morning exercises are desirable; for someone, a daily walk in the evening is enough.

Working with a psychologist is combined with keeping a special diary, which reflects all the symptoms that precede the onset of menstruation.

It is also helpful to chart basal body temperature, which will allow you to notice the onset, as well as determine how many days before the onset of menstruation the first signs of PMS appear.

Pregnancy can be one of the ways to treat PMS. Some women with a delay note the disappearance of discomfort.

5.1. Balanced diet

You definitely need to rethink your diet. It is necessary to create a menu based on the principles of a healthy lifestyle, with the restriction of simple carbohydrates, caffeine, salt, alcohol, trans fats.

Restriction recommendations " harmful products"are more relevant for the second phase of the cycle. But on the other days you should not abuse them. Additional enrichment of food with fiber, vitamins, minerals and trace elements is necessary. In most cases, it is recommended to take special multivitamin complexes.

Several studies have shown that taking food additives containing vitamin D and calcium, can reduce the severity of migraines, eliminate mood swings and other symptoms. The effectiveness of the additional intake of magnesium preparations and B vitamins (especially B1, B2 and B6) is being studied. The duration of their use should not be less than 3-4 months.

The calorie content of the diet is maintained at an average level of 1200-1500 kcal, a more accurate calculation is performed based on age, body weight and height.

5.2. Preparations

Medical treatment involves the appointment hormonal drugs. The following groups of drugs may be used:

1 (for example, Angelique, Jess plus, Yarina plus, Dimia, Jeanine, Chloe, Diane-35, Logest, etc.). Their effectiveness has been proven in studies, the selection of the drug is carried out only by the attending physician. He will also tell you how much you need to take the pills and what to do if side effects occur.
2 Dopamine receptor agonists (Bromocriptine, Dostinex).
3 Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (Buserelin, Diferelin) are used to treat severe forms. They can cause depression and insomnia, therefore they are not recommended for long-term use.
4 Gestagens (Dufaston, Mirena). This group is sometimes assigned to medical practice, although data on their effectiveness in PMS are conflicting. The theory of progesterone deficiency in the second phase of the cycle is already considered outdated abroad, since the influence of prolactin and prostaglandins has been proven.

To improve metabolism and functional state The CNS is used Phezam, Lucetam, Vinpocetine, Magne B6. With dysphoria, a psychotherapist may prescribe light sedatives, antidepressants.

Normalize blood rheology, improve blood supply to tissues Pentoxifylline, Troxerutin, Nicergoline. Diuretics are prescribed for severe edema.

As aids using herbs that have sedative effect: valerian extract, motherwort tincture.

Folk remedies with strong PMS may be ineffective. Physiotherapy methods have a good effect.

Any attempt to cope with PMS must be combined with the right attitude, a change in the perception of the disease and the world around. For men, the state in which a woman is located may be incomprehensible. It is important that the spouse or sexual partner understands that the reasons for the changed behavior are hormonal fluctuations, and not a whim or a whim.

PMS is a very common syndrome among women and girls, and often not only its owners, but also their close circle suffer from its manifestations. Some believe that explaining their unsightly behavior with this syndrome, the fair sex is simply looking for an excuse for their bad temper, but in reality this, of course, is not the case. Find out how to alleviate the unpleasant symptoms of PMS in this article.

What is PMS in girls (women)

How PMS stands for

The abbreviation PMS has a fairly simple decoding - we are talking about premenstrual syndrome. This phenomenon is characterized by a set of symptoms that manifests itself in a girl shortly before the onset of menstruation. Of course, we are not talking about a separate disease, but about half of the women feel some changes in their bodies during this period.

What does PMS mean

As already mentioned, PMS is characterized by some manifestations, and now we will consider them in more detail.

infectious processes

allergic reaction

If you observe at least half of these symptoms in yourself shortly before the onset of "menstruation", then we can say that you are dealing with PMS.

At what age does PMS start?

Since PMS is a phenomenon that occurs shortly before menstruation, it can be diagnosed in a girl from the first menstruation. Although, of course, each organism is individual, and if you did not observe any signs of this syndrome in yourself in early youth, then it is quite possible that they will appear in adulthood. However, it is worth noting that women aged 20 to 40 are most often worried about this.

How many days before menstruation does PMS start?

The beginning of PMS in each woman proceeds individually. Mostly, its signs begin to appear 2-3 days before the period of menstruation begins. However, it is worth noting that some girls are "lucky" much less - they begin to feel irritability, anger and other symptoms much earlier - about a week, or even ten days before the "menses" come. However, the number of days each time may vary.

How many days does PMS last for women

Even if your PMS started a week before your period or even ten days before, it is not at all necessary that its syndromes will manifest throughout this period. Literally a couple of days before menstruation, aggression, apathy, anxiety state and other "charms" of PMS may stop. At the same time, of course, such cases are not uncommon when the syndrome lasts until menstruation.

How to know if you have PMS

mood swings One of the first signs of PMS that has begun is sudden mood swings. In such cases, a woman may suddenly feel anxiety and depression against the background of general well-being. Also, she can be unbalanced and brought to an aggressive state by some completely minor troubles, which at another time she would most likely not have paid. special attention. Of course, not only a woman experiencing PMS often suffers from such mood swings, but also people who happened to contact her during this period. Physiological changes in the body The onset of PMS, most often, is characterized not only by changes in the psychological state of a woman, but also by some physiological changes. Let us consider in more detail some forms of the syndrome

pain

excessive sweating

This form is characterized by high blood pressure, pressing pains in the chest area, heart palpitations. There is also a very high level of anxiety. Symptoms usually appear at night, during a special activity of the autonomic nervous system. Women who suffer from this form of PMS may periodically experience tremors throughout the night during this period. As a rule, the described symptoms stop in the morning.

What to do when you have PMS

Advice from a gynecologist

Psychologist's advice

emotional condition

nervous strain

herbal teas

How to explain to a man or guy what PMS is

psychological condition

Negative influence

bad mood

It's about

Many women know firsthand what PMS is in women, its interpretation, symptoms and treatment. Men under this abbreviation much more often mean the menstruation itself, which is fundamentally wrong. What is hidden behind this name and should it be treated?

Description of the syndrome

PMS (stands for "premenstrual syndrome")- this is a whole set of changes in a woman's body, which is manifested by a change in physical condition and emotional background. It begins to appear on average a week before the onset of menstruation, but a more accurate period is 2-10 days. During this period, changes in the hormonal background occur in the woman's body, an imbalance of microelements is observed, which leads to a change in mood and the appearance of discomfort.

Decoding PMS can be in the following variations:

premenstrual syndrome;
cyclic syndrome;
premenstrual tension syndrome.

According to statistics, women experience PMS symptoms differently at certain age periods. So, for example, only 1/5 of women under the age of 30 are faced with manifestations of PMS. Among the fair sex aged 30 to 40 years, signs of PMS are found in almost half. In the later reproductive period, about 60% already face it. It has been noticed that women who suffer from underweight and are subject to intellectual stress are most often subject to manifestations of the syndrome. It is also found predominantly in representatives of the Caucasian race.

Most often, how many days before monthly PMS begins, depends on age - gradually it begins to appear in more early periods and it goes hard. It has been proven that girls who have just started their period do not experience PMS at all. Exceptions appear in extremely rare cases.

It is noted that during this period the woman becomes more irritable, she is subject to frequent mood swings. There may be slight pain in the abdomen and engorgement of the mammary glands. Many girls don't know if PMS or pregnancy is like this, but they usually learn to recognize their body's signals as they get older.

Causes

When women begin PMS, the symptoms gradually increase and end completely with the onset of menstruation. Doctors drew attention to this pattern even in the days of ancient medicine. Even then, Galen noticed a correlation between the approaching beginning of a new cycle and the state of a woman.

More precise research were carried out in the middle of the twentieth century. It was found that it is the level of progesterone and its ratio with the level of estrogen in the body that affects the manifestation of PMS symptoms. It was also noted that during this period, women are deficient in vitamin B 9 and.

There are no exact reasons why PMS occurs and what causes PMS. It is noticed that this condition can cause rash actions and impulsive decisions. During this period, the fair sex may feel a kind of malaise, which sometimes makes them doubt whether PMS or pregnancy causes such a condition.

As provoking factors, doctors distinguish the following aspects:

a decrease in the level of the hormone of happiness - serotonin;
pyridoxine deficiency (vitamin B 6);
magnesium deficiency;
weight disorders - both its deficiency and excess;
heredity;
frequent hormonal surges: taking COCs, abortions;
smoking.

Interesting fact: According to the theory of Australian biologist Michael Gillings, the appearance of PMS has an evolutionary background. During this period it changes hormonal background so that the woman can separate from the male, whose ability to fertilize is low.

Symptoms

The distinguishing feature of this state is the fact that PMS time symptoms are always quite different. Some doctors allocate up to 150 various signs syndrome. It is believed that normally there are up to 4 signs. If the indicator is from 4 to 10, these are manifestations of PMS moderate, and over 10 - this is already a severe syndrome, which usually leads to a woman's disability. Knowing the specific signs, you can easily navigate how to distinguish PMS from pregnancy.

Physiological manifestations

From the side physiological state there are a number of notable changes. In the phase of activity of the corpus luteum - temporary gland internal secretion secreting progesterone, changes occur that prepare the body for the next cycle. During this period, the endometrium grows, it thickens and prepares for exfoliation.

In addition, the level of progesterone in the body is growing, and in the aggregate, all this leads to the appearance of such signs:

swelling of the mammary glands;
decreased libido and its sharp exacerbation on the eve of menstruation;
a feeling of dryness or, conversely, an increase in their vaginal discharge;
pulling pain with PMS in the lower abdomen;
the appearance of a rash on the chin;
puffiness;
the appearance of cravings for food with a pronounced taste - too sweet or salty;
frequent thirst;
the appearance or, conversely, constipation is possible;
the occurrence of pain in the muscles and joints, lower back.

Increased thirst and cravings for food with a pronounced taste are some of the symptoms of PMS

Along with these symptoms, the level of blood in the body changes. This leads to the appearance of a number of vegetative-vascular signs.

Vegetative-vascular manifestations

During PMS, women begin to experience a large number of signs from of cardio-vascular system. This is due to the fact that an excess amount of prostaglandins is formed in the body, which provoke such conditions:

Such signs are quite rare, but with age, the likelihood of their occurrence increases.

Psycho-emotional manifestations

The most common "herald" of the beginning of a new cycle is considered to be engorgement of the mammary glands - with PMS, the chest hurts in most girls. But no less rare are changes in the emotional background, which are much more noticeable to others than chest pains.

Rapid mood swings. It is during this period that the frequency of drops can be very large. Knowing what PMS is in girls, you can easily distinguish this period just by the indicated symptom.
Depressive states and depression.
Increased irritability, which often causes impulsive actions.
Sleep disturbances - both its absence and excessively long "hibernation".
Absent-mindedness during this period manifests itself, more than ever, sharply. Some doctors even compare this condition to pregnancy and find a relationship between rising progesterone levels and forgetfulness.
Panic attacks. This symptom is extremely rare and often indicates a crisis form of the syndrome.
Increasing aggressiveness.
The appearance of suicidal tendencies. Thoughts of suicide can appear up to several times a day - women rarely experience this, but this feature also occurs.

Important! PMS delay, as well as its too early appearance, can be the cause of hormonal imbalance. If a woman systematically encounters manifestations of the syndrome, but they suddenly stop, you should consult a doctor.

Forms of manifestation

PMS in women can take several forms:

Neuro-psychic form. In this case, most often there are violations from the emotional sphere.
Cephalgic form. It is characterized by severe and prolonged migraines.
edematous form. Due to violations water-salt balance and leads to the accumulation of fluid in the tissues. There is also frequent thirst and blood pressure may increase.
crisis form. It is considered one of the most difficult. Accompanied by strong pressure surges and loss of performance during this period.

Methods of treatment

When PMS treatment carried out only in cases where the syndrome interferes Everyday life. Deciphering PMS shows that with the onset of menstruation, the signs disappear on their own. But in some cases, when the syndrome is long in time and leads to serious disruption of work, specialized treatment is carried out to mitigate its symptoms.

Medical treatment

In the presence of psycho-emotional disorders, a woman is prescribed a reception or tranquilizers. For mild manifestations, may be prescribed sedatives. But their intake should be strictly controlled by a doctor. Which group of drugs will be prescribed is decided by the doctor based on how clearly the symptoms appear.

In the presence of migraines, it is recommended to use painkillers based on ibuprofen. Such drugs quickly eliminate unpleasant symptoms. Increased swelling will be the reason for taking diuretics, which you need to start taking a few days before the start of PMS.

Treatment at home

Much more often, treatment is carried out at home, which helps to get rid of mild manifestations of the syndrome:

Physical exercise increases the level of endorphin in the blood and helps to overcome depressive states.
Good sleep will help normalize the functioning of the nervous system and soften mood swings.
It is worth limiting the intake of caffeine and sweets for this period. This will help to avoid weight gain, rashes and facilitate metabolism.
Taking vitamins. B vitamins and vitamin C are especially helpful. regular use help maintain performance.

Prevention of occurrence

Prevention of PMS in women should be carried out every month a few days before the start. Usually, the above recommendations on home treatments are sufficient - they help normalize the functioning of the nervous system and get rid of unpleasant symptoms. Knowing what to do with PMS, it is much easier to endure this period both on your own and to make it easier for others.

Perhaps, with every representative of the fair sex, inexplicable fits of rage periodically occurred every month, instantly changing into depressive states. Older people sometimes jokingly justify themselves by saying, “It’s my PMS!” And not only women, but also men like to use this excuse. Premenstrual syndrome - that's how PMS stands for. Of course, this does not happen with the male half of humanity. Alas, the weaker sex. The use of this abbreviation by the powerful representatives of this world is just an attempt to justify their unreasonable aggressive attacks.

How does PMS stand for inherently? This is a state of the body that manifests itself about a week before the onset of menstruation, both physically and emotionally. During given period the state of health worsens significantly, there are painful sensations in the chest area, headaches are not uncommon, a feeling of bloating. The emotional side of the syndrome is as follows: irritability appears, sometimes turning into a rage, and outbursts of anger are not even ruled out. But it can also manifest itself in a state of absent-mindedness, depression. Women during the period are characterized by a fairly frequent change of mood in one direction or the other. That's what PMS means!
Most often, this syndrome begins to manifest itself in females at the age of 25-26 years, according to the observations of physicians. The period of 30-40 years is the peak of manifestations of this syndrome. It is extremely rare, but it can still manifest itself in adolescence. How it stands for Sometimes guys think about it, not understanding the reasons for such changes in their ladies of the heart. Apathy may appear in the behavior of young girls, appetite inexplicably increases, she may become catastrophically forgetful during this period of time. The state of doing something can be reduced to zero, and even insomnia becomes firsthand known.

How PMS manifests itself, we figured out, is it possible to somehow prevent this terrible condition by any means? Paying attention to the fact that certain symptoms are inherent in you, you should seek advice on this issue from a gynecologist, who, on the basis of clinical research will be able to prescribe the necessary course of treatment. The degree of manifestation is also different for everyone: someone will just feel a slight malaise, and someone is ready to open shelling of those who do not understand something the first time. Of course, the second option has a very detrimental effect on communication with others.

May be given as a treatment Also may be offered vitamin preparations in combination with microelements. In particular severe cases Prescribe sedatives (sedatives). In order to avoid the manifestation of the syndrome, various water procedures perhaps even relaxation massage, physiotherapy.

This is how PMS stands for, which so unpredictably changes the female half of humanity. He can turn any vixen into a cute defenseless kitten and back again with lightning speed.

Almost every woman in modern world at least once in my life faced with such a rather unpleasant condition as PMS. Deciphering the mysterious letters is quite easy and simple - this is the so-called premenstrual syndrome. Every girl should know about it.

Premenstrual syndrome

Such a phenomenon as premenstrual syndrome is rather mysterious and little known in itself. "What it is? What is the interpretation of PMS? - enough frequently asked question in gynecological clinics. Scientists have found interesting thing. It turns out that PMS in women is a collection of many symptoms of various diseases known to medicine. The most common of these are frequent headaches, severe irritability, fatigue, apathy, drowsiness, weakness, pain in the lumbar region and in the lower abdomen.

Impact on a woman's life

Some girls experience absolutely all the signs of PMS and so much that it just poisons their lives. They cannot live normally, work, calmly communicate with people, raise children. Usually, premenstrual syndrome in women is gaining strength in the period after the onset of ovulation, about a few days before the start of the next menstruation. But there are ladies who experience all the delights of this condition the very next day after the release of the egg from the ovary, that is, about two weeks before the expected menstruation. How many days PMS begins - depends entirely on the state of health of the woman and her hormonal levels, as well as the influence of external factors.

Varieties of PMS

PMS, which is psycho-emotional unstable. Its symptoms are irritability, frequent depressive disorders, drowsiness, fatigue, tearfulness.
PMS with an emphasis on vegetative-vascular dystonia. During this subspecies, frequent headaches, jumps in blood pressure, nausea or even vomiting, unstable stools, and dizziness are possible. Some women even faint.
PMS, which is unstable endocrine in nature. In this case, there are changes in taste and olfactory preferences, soreness of the mammary glands, and general fatigue. There may even be swelling.

Signs of PMS can manifest themselves every cycle in completely different ways, not at all the way it was, for example, in the past. menstrual cycle. There may also be menstruation total absence deterioration in well-being or, conversely, with a strong effect premenstrual symptom on the female body.

Pregnancy

Sometimes it happens that immediately after ovulation, the released egg collides with the sperm cell - and conception occurs. After that, the cells begin to divide continuously, gradually moving along fallopian tubes towards its main goal. Descending into the uterine muscle, fertilized egg penetrates into its wall, continuing to develop. This is how conception happens. After fertilization, intensive production of a hormone called progesterone begins. It is he who is responsible for the onset of premenstrual syndrome in female body. So, standing out in large quantities in conjunction with chorionic gonadotropin (pregnant hormone) on early dates pregnancy, when a woman is not yet aware of her interesting position, it can cause her first signs, which quite often girls confuse with the onset of premenstrual syndrome. So, PMS or pregnancy - how to distinguish one from the other? What signs are similar, and which are clearly never the case with premenstrual syndrome?

Signs of pregnancy and PMS

Many mistakenly believe that these two conditions - pregnancy and premenstrual syndrome - have one and only similar symptom, and this increased irritation. However, this is not quite true. Having understood these completely opposite, but at the same time so similar states, several identical signs can be distinguished.

Change in food preferences

Quite often, during a completed and progressing pregnancy, a woman wants to eat something special - something that she did not like before. Sometimes ladies cannot stand the smell of fish all their adult lives, and during pregnancy they are ready to eat. fish dishes daily. Many kilograms gobble up chocolate and marmalade, eat pastries and cakes. Or vice versa, they eat pickles and foods containing a large amount of spices.

So during the onset of premenstrual syndrome, girls increase their appetite - and they strive to eat something special, special.

However early toxicosis during pregnancy, it usually begins after a missed period, while PMS manifests itself much earlier. Therefore, this feature cannot be called exact symptom the onset of pregnancy.

Fatigue

A few more signs that occur both in the very early stages of pregnancy and before the imminent onset of menstruation are severe fatigue, drowsiness, and fatigue.

During pregnancy, the amount of progesterone increases significantly, which, in turn, provokes a decrease in blood sugar, as well as a decrease in blood pressure. All this quite strongly affects the female body and exhausts it. A woman constantly feels the desire to lie down and relax.

When PMS starts, the amount of progesterone in the blood is quite high, which absolutely also causes a feeling of fatigue, fatigue and a desire to sleep.

This sign also does not indicate the exact onset of pregnancy.

sore chest

Before the onset of menstruation, the female breast slightly increases in size and becomes more sensitive. And the same thing happens during pregnancy.

Attentive girls note that breasts still behave differently. During pregnancy, the feeling of fullness of the mammary glands persists throughout the entire period of bearing the baby, while in premenstrual syndrome, the breast swells for several days and returns to its normal habitual state before menstruation.

Feelings in the lower abdomen

When pregnancy occurs, a woman may feel some tingling in the lower abdomen. This happens at a time when the fertilized egg "digs" into the muscular wall of the uterus.

And before menstruation, some women feel quite noticeable pain, but this does not mean at all that conception has occurred.

Sometimes during premenstrual syndrome, girls experience heaviness and pain in lumbar. This is what progesterone does. Pregnant women feel similar pains already when their center of gravity shifts due to the grown belly.

Frequent mood swings

Pregnant women are quite susceptible to sudden mood swings and lability of the psycho-emotional state. This is due to the high amount of certain hormones.

During premenstrual syndrome, the fair sex is more likely to experience negative feelings and irritation.

There is a certain group of women and girls who are much more prone to PMS than their other friends and relatives.

What are the risk factors for PMS?

Harmful professional activity and uncomfortable working conditions.
Strong mental stress, constant logical thinking, work in serious organizations, increased responsibility.
Undermined hormonal levels due to an unsuccessful abortion or miscarriage, as well as the improper use of various hormonal contraceptives. The use of coils as a method of preventing unwanted pregnancy.
Family problems and troubles with relatives. Experiences for children and relatives, restless atmosphere at home.

Treatment

Getting rid of such an ailment as PMS is always unambiguously conservative. Often gynecologists prescribe certain hormonal preparations to improve the functioning of the ovaries and restore the required level of hormones in the body. Also, in some cases, it is possible to prescribe certain physiotherapy procedures aimed at improving the condition. genitourinary system in general or gynecological massages. Quite a common method of acupuncture. In the presence of any diseases of the genitourinary sphere, their preliminary treatment is necessary - and only then a correction of such a condition as PMS is carried out.

When severe pain in the lower abdomen or back, it makes sense to take a variety of antispasmodic drugs and relaxing syrups.

What are the clear symptoms of the onset of PMS and the imminent approach of the beginning of a new cycle?

Exacerbations of various already existing chronic diseases, the progression of tumor processes that has begun.
Headache with PMS. Due to the change in hormones, there is an increased load on the pituitary gland in the brain. Because of this, periodic headaches, heaviness or noise in the head, or even migraines can occur.
Drawing pains in the abdomen. The overgrown layer of the endometrium, preparing for rejection and exit from the uterus, can give cramping pains, bringing women quite a lot of discomfort.
Gas formation and bloating of the intestines. This happens under the action of progesterone, which relaxes all the muscles, including the intestines. Due to this, intestinal perilstatics decreases, gases accumulate.
Increased irritability and nervousness. A woman becomes irritable and nervous, often breaks down and freaks out over trifles. This is one of the most common symptoms of the onset of the premenstrual state and the early onset of menstruation. Many things that are common ordinary life, during PMS can simply unsettle and lead to a nervous breakdown.

For those women who suffer most from the manifestation of PMS, deciphering the secrets of dealing with it will be most welcome. So how do you deal with this kind of situation?

"It spoils me a lot PMS life. How to alleviate his symptoms? - this is the question that gynecologists often hear in their office. And there is an answer to this question. Doctors give specific recommendations on how to deal with PMS. It is worth remembering them, especially if you often encounter such an unpleasant condition, which means fast attack new cycle.

Exercise and fresh air

During the performance of exercises of one or another complexity in the female body, the flow of blood to the genitals increases. This is what will have a beneficial effect on the raging premenstrual syndrome, relieving pain and relieving muscle tension. Many women choose to go to the gym or do aerobics the days before next menstruation. This is what helps them to endure such unpleasant state like PMS.

When walking in the fresh air, the human brain releases a large amount of endorphins - the so-called hormones of happiness. They improve the mood of a woman as much as possible, thanks to which PMS slows down.

normal weight

Carefully monitor your weight. Extra pounds create an increased load on all organs of your body. They contribute to a more aggressive manifestation of premenstrual syndrome. Excess weight increases the possibility of swelling and headaches.

Relaxation

Do not give in to depression and irritation. If you are very tired, take a good rest. Take a warm bath with aromatic oils, turn on your favorite music, wrap yourself in a blanket and spend the evening watching your favorite movie or treat yourself to something sweet. It is during this period that sweets will save you.

Mode

A very important component in the fight against the symptoms of premenstrual condition is an established regimen. Try to get up and go to bed at the same time. Listen to your internal state and biological clock.

Drink vitamin complexes

If it is not possible to get the maximum amount of vitamins from food, choose a complex of suitable vitamins for yourself. How to do this, what is better to buy, an experienced doctor will tell you.

Only healthy food

stick proper nutrition. This will greatly ease the condition of PMS. Healthy food- saving a woman in such a difficult period for her. Make the most of herbal products, vegetables and fruits, cereals and lean meats. Eliminate fatty and salty foods from your diet. They contribute to the strengthening of PMS. The reasons for this are the content in them of substances that cause certain biochemical reactions in the female body.

Say no to chocolate and coffee

Chocolate and coffee contain caffeine, which exacerbates all the possible symptoms of PMS in women. Deciphering this chemical reaction not fully understood and poorly studied by scientists. But the connection between the use of these products and sharp drops moods with mental disorders.

Healthy lifestyle

In the fight against bad condition caused by approaching menstruation, the ideal remedy would be to stop smoking and drinking alcohol. Many people think that a glass of wine or a glass of beer will relax nervous system, take the pressure off. But this is a rather controversial statement. Perhaps at some point you will feel a little better, but this is a deceptive feeling. The further state can only be aggravated at similar practice.

Proper clothing

Try to give preference to clothes and underwear made from natural fabrics. Clothing should be loose and not restrict movement. This is especially true for trousers and skirts. With excessive compression of the small pelvis, the blood flow to the genitals is disrupted, which contributes to more pronounced manifestation PMS.

Summarize

Quite often, girls who have never encountered premenstrual syndrome in their lives ask what PMS is, how it stands for. We can rightly say that they are real lucky ones! After all, the state before menstruation can be a slight fatigue, or it can become quite serious illness. With frequent monthly malaise, especially if it poisons your normal life, urgent consultation of a specialist and the appointment of the correct correction are necessary.

Every girl should be quite knowledgeable and know what PMS means. Perhaps she will never encounter this condition in her life, but it is necessary to have an idea about it. After reading all of the above, you can say with confidence what PMS is decrypted and that now you are quite well versed in this matter. Take care of your health and stay healthy!