home Audience 2 Liver failure. Correct lifestyle for chronic liver failure. Diagnosis of liver failure

Liver failure. Correct lifestyle for chronic liver failure. Diagnosis of liver failure

The symptoms of liver failure are the same in both women and men. Acute and chronic liver failure can ultimately lead to hepatic coma if its signs are not recognized promptly.

Liver failure is a complex of organ dysfunctions that arise due to a lack or complete absence healthy functional hepatocytes. Occurs during massive degenerative processes occurring in the liver. As a result of metabolic disorders, encephalopathy occurs, which is a disruption of brain function due to intoxication with endogenous and exogenous poisons. About 300 processes take place in this organ to rid the body of toxins. In case of complete liver failure, i.e. death of all hepatocytes, hepatic coma occurs, and then, eight hours later, death.

Symptoms of the disease

All liver diseases without appropriate treatment sooner or later lead to hepatic dystrophy, and this, in turn, leads to liver failure syndrome.

Jaundice

The first of the symptoms that is noticeable to the naked eye. The skin and mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, eyes, and genitals acquire a yellowish color due to the accumulation of bilirubin and biliverdin in them: from greenish to rich orange shades. Depending on the natural color of the skin, its shade changes, but in people who have a genetically isolated dark complexion, only yellowing of the sclera of the eyeballs will be visible. Jaundice occurs due to the accumulation of bile. Compression of the biliary tract provokes the accumulation of fluid in the gallbladder, which can cause hepatic colic, and then it enters the blood due to dysfunction of hepatocytes.

Change in color of feces

The brown tone of digested food is not caused by the original components, but by stercobilin, which is a derivative of the components of bile. Since bile can no longer be excreted into the intestines, the stool becomes pale yellow or beige in color.

Urine color

As the kidneys try to remove excess bilirubin, the urine turns dark brown or yellowish brown, the color of the desired pigment.

Itchy skin

Uncontrollable itching appears, which is not relieved by any medications, and eczema is not observed. It often starts from the feet and moves higher.

Gastrointestinal lesions

Violation of the functions of bile secretion negatively affects the process of food absorption. Nausea becomes a constant companion of the patient, and after eating without additional enzymes, vomiting occurs.

Further degenerative processes in the intestines provoke a decrease or loss of appetite, as well as its distortion - the desire to eat obviously inedible foods. The situation is aggravated by diarrhea, which occurs at least three to four times a day.

Poisoning by internal toxins

The following stages of the disease imply a deterioration of the condition against the background of the death of liver cells, which do not have time to recover or be lysed in the normal way. The breakdown products of the body's own tissues, which were previously neutralized by the liver, now accumulate in healthy organs, disrupting metabolism. The body temperature rises, the patient feels weakness, pain in the joints and muscles. The temperature can rise to critical - 40C or stay within 37-38C. Acute processes give more pronounced symptoms of poisoning by metabolic products. Viral infections of the liver can aggravate the general intoxication of the body due to increased release of the viral agent and destruction of cells under the influence of viral parabiosis products.

Liver degeneration

Changes in the structure of the liver are a natural consequence of the death of some cells. It is accompanied by an increase or decrease in the organ, depending on the type of processes occurring.

Enlargement (hepatomegaly) is easily determined by palpation and confirmed by ultrasound of the abdominal organs. Common etiology of hepatomegaly is circulatory disorder, adhesions, blockage, necrosis blood vessels liver, cholestasis, appearance and development of neoplasms - cancerous tumors, tubercles, purulent abscesses and etc.

A completely opposite picture is observed in liver cirrhosis, when functional tissue is replaced by connective tissue. The liver decreases in size, hardens, the surface becomes wrinkled,

An accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, or ascites.

Our body is permeated with blood vessels, a dense network penetrating all structures of the body. But few people know about the presence of a second, lymphatic system, which we inherited from the most ancient ancestors on the path of evolutionary development - the first creatures to reach land, not yet warm-blooded, but already having separate blood vessels and lymphatic systems. Lymph washes all cells of the body, being part of the internal environment. In case of destruction, pinching lymphatic vessels lymph seeps through their walls and accumulates in the cavities; accordingly, if the outflow of lymph in the liver is disrupted, fluid accumulates in the abdominal cavity. The body literally swells; upon external examination, the stomach can easily be confused with pregnancy.

Circulatory disorders

Due to circulatory disorders in the liver, namely compression of blood vessels, pressure increases. The heart works hard, which leads to thickening of the walls, arrhythmia, bradycardia, etc. The walls of the blood vessels cannot withstand the pressure, fluid begins to effusion into the tissue, which causes swelling, and rupture of capillaries and blood vessels, which causes internal hematomas.

Enlarged veins are a permanent symptom of all diseases that affect circulatory system. In cases where the abdominal organs are affected, the so-called spider veins appear on the shoulders, chest, and abdomen. They are vessels extending from the portal veins, which compensate for the lack of blood circulation.

Enlarged spleen.

If the liver is switched off from the body’s functionality, the spleen takes over part of its functions. Due to circulatory disorders, the pressure in the inferior vena cava and portal veins increases. This, in turn, causes the spleen to enlarge, as it stores the body’s blood.

Bloody vomiting

This is a manifestation of rupture of the veins of the esophagus. The patient vomits clotted blood, sometimes the blood may only become noticeable in the stool. May be acute or intermittent.

Pulmonary edema

On the background portal hypertension The pressure in all blood vessels increases, and sooner or later the lungs are affected by hypertension due to liver failure. Patients complain of shortness of breath and cough. Over time, the condition worsens, the blood vessels that penetrate the alveoli burst. A cough appears with bubbling bright scarlet arterial blood.

Pulmonary edema can develop either quickly or very slowly, it all depends on the individual characteristics of the body. This symptom is extremely dangerous as it can cause respiratory arrest.

13.Hepatic encephalopathy

The last thing that takes the toxic blow is the brain. Nervous system due to the existence of the blood-brain barrier, it lasts until the last, and malfunctions in its work can lead to coma and even death. Classic symptoms of any encephalopathy are dizziness, lethargy, insomnia, impaired cognitive function, delirium, convulsions, disorientation in time and space, loss of sensitivity, hyperreactivity, psychosis, depression, etc.

A critical accumulation of toxins, tissue breakdown products and other substances harmful to the body in the blood can cause encephalopathy, and if untreated, the so-called “hepatic coma”, which will inevitably lead to death.

Causes

For clarity, it is necessary to list the causes of liver failure:

Regardless of the etiology, development is the same and takes from two days to a week. acute form and up to five years with chronic.

Pathogenesis and stages of the disease

It is really important for the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases to know what processes occur deep in the body, causing certain consequences, and to notice signs of liver failure in time. Pathological changes in acid-base balance and electrolyte imbalance (reduction in the amount of potassium, sodium, chlorine ions in the blood, acidosis, alkalosis) provoke intoxication of the body, including extreme symptom- hepatic encephalopathy.

The mechanics of development, or pathogenesis of liver failure is massive necrosis of liver cells. Necrosis develops as follows:

Hepatocytes are exposed to a harmful agent. The cells begin to secrete enzymes that destroy dead hepatocytes and simultaneously damage healthy ones.
The immune system releases bodies that attack damaged hepatocytes and completely destroy them.
The process extends to healthy tissue.
When more than 70% of hepatocytes die, symptoms of liver failure appear.
Metabolism cannot proceed normally. The liver can no longer store glycogen, synthesize urea and decompose ammonia, and it poisons the body.

The severity of symptoms depends on percentage functional and dead cells, as well as the rate of their death.

The disease is divided into three stages:

Initial. The compensated stage, which is characterized by an increased fight of the liver against an aggressive agent, be it a toxin, virus, bacteria or mechanical injury. Lasts from several hours to several months, depending on the strength of the damage caused;
Expressed or decompensated. Characterized by a sudden transition from the initial stage, a jump in temperature, a sharp deterioration in condition, and the onset of symptoms.
Terminal. Liver dystrophy, complete destruction of functional cells. Ends in hepatic coma, and within two days - death.

Types and forms of liver failure

The classification of liver failure divides its types into two branches: acute and chronic. Their differences lie in the length of time and severity of symptoms. It is worthwhile to dwell in more detail on their description.

Acute liver failure

In acute liver failure, the compression stage is absent or very short. The symptoms are pronounced. The development time ranges from several days to several weeks; without treatment, it quickly leads to coma and death.

There is a similar, more rapid course of the disease - fulminant (fulminant) liver failure. With such a development of events, liver failure occurs within 6-10 hours. The reasons for such phenomena are intoxication with poisons, medicinal substances, insecticides, pesticides, etc.

Depending on the type and location of the violation, several forms are distinguished:

Hepatocellular (endogenous) - characterized by massive focal damage to hepatocytes caused by severe toxic effects (for example, poisons, drugs, etc.), acute hepatitis.E
xogenic - provoked by nutritional deficiency as a result of blood supply pathologies. Poor circulation in the liver or pathology in the veins that carry blood to it often occurs with cirrhosis. The blood circulates, bypassing the liver, poisoning all organs and systems of the body.
Mixed - combines both of the above forms and their symptoms, characteristic of chronic and systemic liver diseases.

The course of the disease is always severe. Most often, acute deficiency is caused by a large dose entering the body. toxic substance. Reception potent drugs, especially in combination with alcohol, after abdominal surgery or with hepatitis types A, B, C, D, E, F can also stimulate the development of the disease.

Chronic liver failure

Chronic liver failure develops slowly, against the background of a constant supply of hepatotoxic factors. Symptoms may be invisible at all or appear only in the last stages, after a long time (from 2 months to 6-10 years)

Initially, it may manifest itself as signs of metabolic disorders, cholelithiasis, and stomach upsets, which doctors do not associate with liver failure.

The causes of chronic liver failure may be alcoholism, hepatitis types B and C, diabetes and other endocrine system disorders, autoimmune diseases

Forms chronic failure identical to acute forms. Processes that inhibit the activity of the liver for several years are much more difficult to correct and undergo treatment procedures. The most common form is cirrhosis of the liver, which manifests itself against the background of alcoholism. Daily ethanol intoxication leads to slow necrosis of functional tissues that cannot recover and their replacement

Why is chronic liver failure so difficult to diagnose? All due to the extreme vitality of this remarkable gland. The liver manages to compensate for the damage received, but some toxic substances circulate throughout the body for a long time, worsening the general condition of the body and causing complications of diseases that would not otherwise develop. For example, if a person was likely to develop arthritis due to working conditions, intoxication is guaranteed to increase this likelihood. He will come to the doctor and complain about his joints, although the original cause is in a completely different organ system.

Sooner or later, a moment comes when the liver, weakened by the chronic intake of toxins, is exposed to any additional hepatotoxic factors, and hepatocytes lose the ability to recover. Under such circumstances, encephalopathy and hepatic coma may occur.

What can lead to complications in chronic liver failure:

alcohol in any quantity;
Taking medications in large doses;
Use large quantity fatty and protein foods;
Stress;
Infections that affect all body systems;
Pregnancy;
General anesthesia for operations.

This disease requires following a diet and undergoing a course of procedures to detoxify the body.

Prognosis, as with acute failure, unfavorable: only 30% of patients manage to start treatment on time, and with encephalopathy and hepatic coma, the chances of survival are reduced to 10-15%.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of liver failure is carried out only by a hepatologist, gastroenterologist or therapist.

Diagnostic methods include:

Complete blood count - it includes measurements of hemoglobin, leukocytes and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
Liver blood samples - determination total bilirubin, level of transaminases AlT, GGT and AST, conduction thymol test, determination of the De Ritis coefficient. They give an idea of the level of liver tissue damage and the condition of the biliary tract.
Biochemical blood test - determination of the amount of glucose, urea, protein, cholesterol, free and bound iron, ammonia in the blood.
General urine analysis - for diagnosis, the color, amount of urobilin and protein are of interest. With liver failure, the indicators increase tenfold, and the color becomes close to the color of dark beer.
A blood test for antibodies to hepatitis viruses - if antibodies are present, there is also a virus, which will tell doctors how to deal with this disease. If the immune system is weakened, there may not be antibodies. , to identify a specific virus.
Ultrasound of the abdominal cavity - instrumental method determining the size, density of the liver, and the relief of its surface. Allows you to see tumors, tuberculous nodules and other neoplasms.
Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the most exact method research that clearly shows the condition of the liver.
Liver biopsy is the removal of a piece of biomaterial (liver tissue) for examination. Allows you to see and evaluate the processes occurring in the liver tissue.

Treatment of acute and chronic forms

The most important thing for successful treatment liver failure - to recognize it in time. What follows are quite logical recommendations based on the symptoms and causes described above.

It is necessary to adjust the daily routine for five meals a day, split meals.
Eliminate the source of chronic intake of harmful substances.
Follow a diet (in medicine it is called “table No. 5” for people with liver disease.
Prevent the entry of toxic substances into the body. This implies a complete abstinence from alcohol, medications (except those prescribed by the attending physician), and it is advisable to completely abandon bad habits.
Carry out procedures aimed at quickly removing toxins from the body.

Naturally, relieving the symptoms of acute liver failure is significantly different from treating chronic liver failure.

Necessary measures for acute liver failure:

Detoxification: administration of solutions of sodium chloride, ac-salt, rheosorbilact or its analogues intravenously.
Protein-free diet: Proteins are one of the sources of nitrogen, which when decomposed by intestinal bacteria is converted into ammonia. A diseased liver cannot convert ammonia into urea, and ammonia travels through the body along with the blood, poisoning the organs.
Ammonia removal - the use of glutamic acid and ornithine
Cauterization of ulcers - in case of hemorrhage of the esophagus, it is necessary to eliminate the bleeding, possibly through surgery.
Drugs that promote liver restoration: arginine, ornithine, hepatoprotectors (Essentiale, Hepa-Merz, etc.)
Sedatives, analgesics, antispasmodics - to calm the patient.
Ensuring the patency of the bile ducts, possibly through surgery.
Fast acting vasodilators and blood pressure lowering drugs.

All drugs are administered intravenously.

Treatment of chronic liver failure:

Search and relief of the underlying disease that caused liver failure.
Maintain a strict diet throughout the entire treatment.
Symptomatic correction of metabolism based on individual test results.
Monitoring the condition of the liver using instrumental methods.
Cleansing the intestines using enemas, lactulose preparations and drugs that inhibit the activity of microflora.
Conducting courses intramuscular injection vitamins to support liver recovery
Taking hepatoprotectors.
Remember traditional methods this disease has no cure!

Radical treatment methods

Fast-track and high-cost treatment options include hemodialysis, plasmapheresis, and liver transplantation. A common characteristic of plasmapheresis and hemodialysis is the purification of the blood from toxins outside the body. Hemodialysis moves blood through a machine artificial kidney, and plasmapheresis drives plasma through special filters, leaving all harmful impurities on them. Plasmapheresis is better suited for the treatment of liver failure.

Liver transplantation is complex and quite dangerous operation, applicable only in extreme cases. In order for the liver to take root, a close relationship with the donor is desirable. The operation can result in death for both the donor and the patient. The organ is donated directly, within a few minutes from the donor's office. A complete transplant is not required: a part of the liver is taken and sutured to the diseased part, connecting all the vessels and nerve endings. In Russia, such operations are carried out in the most extreme cases.

Diet and daily routine

To begin with, it is worth clarifying that if it is impossible to eat - constant vomiting, nausea - nutrient solutions are administered intravenously, which constitutes the patient’s main “diet” for several days until doctors stabilize the condition.

The main goal of the diet is to ensure the supply of essential minerals and vitamins, maintain optimal water-salt balance and reduce the amount of ammonia released by bacteria.
For this there is special diet, called “hepatic”. It is worth noting that you should not voluntarily change your diet in case of such ailments - your attending physician will tell you what you need to eat in your individual case.
The picture shows the recommended and unwanted products for use in diseases of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.

To begin with, it is recommended to reduce protein intake to 40 grams per day (the norm for a healthy person is 120 grams, calculating 2.5 grams of protein per kilogram of live weight). Note that the calculation is based on digestible protein, and its amount varies in different protein products. Some patients feel calm when the amount of protein is increased to 60-80 grams per day. Remember, a long-term protein deficiency is fraught with metabolic disorders, hematopoiesis, and muscle functionality, so the doctor will gradually bring it to normal. Protein should be introduced gradually, starting with vegetable protein and, over time, in the absence of a negative reaction, meat and meat products should be given.

It is advisable to eat foods that are good for the liver. We will tell you about them in another article.
It is necessary to ensure the maximum supply of all essential amino acids to accelerate liver regeneration. Amino acids are construction material, from which

Include bran and cereals in your diet - they will help cleanse the intestines.
To reduce intoxication, you need to take lactulose, which reduces the absorption of nitrogen by intestinal bacteria.

A disease characterized by a violation of the integrity of liver tissue due to acute or chronic damage is called liver failure. This disease is considered complex, due to the fact that after liver damage, metabolic processes are disrupted. If appropriate measures are not taken to cure the disease, then under certain conditions liver failure can develop quickly and rapidly and lead to death.

Classification

The disease is classified according to two criteria: the nature of its course and stages.

According to the nature of the disease, there are two stages of the disease:

Acute;
Chronic.

Acute liver failure occurs due to the liver losing its ability to perform its functions. The disease manifests itself predominantly within a few days and is characterized by a severe form of symptoms. Often the acute form is fatal, so it is very important to know the symptoms in order to recognize the disease at an early stage.

Acute liver failure is divided, in turn, into big and small. Big is a classic form of manifestation of the disease, which can be seen quite clearly in clinical and laboratory studies. Small acute liver failure occurs more often in children against the background serious illnesses(poisonings, intestinal infections, and so on.). This subspecies is very difficult to diagnose due to the absence of symptoms of the disease. The small species can develop either rapidly or over several years.

Chronic liver failure develops through a slow progression of the disease. Due to the gradual dysfunction of the liver with the progressive course of a chronic disease of the parenchyma, a chronic type of disease is formed. Diseases such as or are a consequence of chronic liver failure. Both manifestations end in hepatic coma followed by death.

Additionally, there are two types of liver failure:

endogenous;
exogenous.

For endogenous species characteristic manifestation of complications when dying or dystrophic changes in liver tissues. This type is characteristic of liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis.

Exogenous species is formed as a result of self-poisoning of the body, which is caused by metabolic products and substances produced by the intestinal microflora. It occurs due to the entry of these substances into the blood through the intestinal walls when they stop in the liver. The reason for the stop may be blockage of the veins, so as a result, self-destruction of the liver is observed.

According to degrees of severity, four stages are distinguished:

Initial or compensated, which is characterized by an asymptomatic course of the disease. At the initial stage, the liver begins to actively react to toxins.
Decompensated. The first signs of the disease appear. At this stage, a blood test indicates the development of the disease.
Dystrophic or terminal. The pre-final stage, upon the onset of which the patient experiences serious disturbances in the functioning of the liver. Against this background, there is also a disruption in the functioning of the entire body from the central nervous system to metabolism.
Stage of hepatic coma. It is characterized by deepening liver damage, which ultimately leads to death. Last stage characterized by the complexity of treatment, as the liver enters the stage of death.

Causes of the disease

The disease “liver failure” is diagnosed in both men and women; moreover, it does not have age restrictions, so you can get sick both in childhood and in the elderly. The causes of liver failure are varied and unpredictable. It is important to know them in order to be able to make a premature diagnosis and speedy treatment. So, the reasons that can provoke liver failure in a person are as follows:

Liver diseases, which include: malignant tumors and other neoplasms, cirrhosis, acute and chronic hepatitis, echinococcus, etc. Any of these signs can serve as an impetus for the development of a fatal disease. Cirrhosis and hepatitis can be both the cause of the disease and its consequences.
Clogging bile ducts , as a result of which an increase in biliary hypertension pressure is predicted. Failure of hypertension disrupts blood circulation in the liver, which causes the development of dystrophic abnormalities in the cells of this organ.
Diseases of the heart and blood vessels, infectious infections of the body, insufficiency of the endocrine glands, autoimmune diseases. Any disorder in the body can cause the development serious illness, therefore, it is much easier to eliminate signs of abnormalities at an early stage than to try to recover from serious illnesses.
Taking medications(especially for a long time) can leave its mark on the liver. As you know, any medicine affects the liver, so it is very important to correct dosages medications and do not violate the frequency of taking them.
Poisoning with various substances organic and inorganic nature: poisonous mushrooms, alcohol, tobacco, chemicals, etc.
Extreme influences. The cause of a fatal disease can be even a minor burn on the skin, to which appropriate measures are simply not taken. therapeutic measures. In addition: injuries, blood loss, allergies, septic shock and other factors can become the root cause of liver failure.
Deviation of kidney function, urolithiasis, congenital anomalies and much more, are the causes of diseases such as renal-liver malaise.

The main cause of renal-liver disease is the lack of balance between the narrowing and dilation of blood vessels. The lack of balance can be caused by trivial reason alcohol abuse, as well as food and respiratory poisoning. The disease of renal-liver failure is no less serious than damage to the liver alone, since there is an annual increase in mortality from this type of disease.

Based on all the reasons, a complex of symptoms of the disease appears. Let’s take a closer look at what these symptoms are and their main features.

Symptoms of the disease

The symptoms of liver failure are very diverse, but they are the first factors, after detection of which you need to rush to the doctor. Initial stages illnesses manifest themselves in the form of general malaise of the body, the appearance of mania and other motor disturbances. During flexion/extension of the fingers, a symptom of tremor may be observed, that is, lateral signs or trembling, often occurring with sudden movements.

Liver failure and its symptoms are always accompanied by the development of neuritis. The patient experiences a rise in temperature to 40 degrees with an exacerbation of the disease, as well as swelling of the legs. An unpleasant but specific odor appears from the mouth, indicating the beginning of the formation of trimethylamine and dimethyl sulfide. A disorder of the endocrine system occurs, there is an increase in hair loss, up to baldness, libido decreases, atrophy of the uterus and mammary glands in women occurs, and nails split and crumble. In women, liver failure early age may have a negative impact on fertility, that is, provoke development.

In addition, throughout the entire period of the disease, the patient experiences an increase in headaches, feverish manifestations, dizziness, even fainting, and an aggressive state. Let us consider in more detail what symptoms are inherent in three stages diseases.

Stages of chronic liver failure

Often, chronic liver failure is characterized by four stages, which have their own symptoms.

Compensated stage It often manifests itself asymptomatically, but the following negative processes are observed inside the body: increased pressure in the hepatic system, overflow of the venous plexuses in the abdomen, . At the initial stage, you can notice an indistinct appearance on the patient’s body and redness of the palms. The patient refuses to eat food due to disgust. There is a slight weight loss.
Decompensated stage due to increased symptoms of the disease. The first signs of the disease begin to appear: aggression, disorientation in the area, slurred speech, trembling of the limbs. Relatives may observe a significant change in a person's behavior.
Dystrophic stage caused by the occurrence of stupor. The patient becomes inadequate, it is very difficult to wake him up, and during moments of wakefulness, apathy is periodically replaced by excitement. Swelling of the face, legs, and fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity appear. The patient may also experience bleeding from the nose or gastrointestinal tract in the morning or evening.
At the final stage the patient experiences the appearance of hepatic coma, as a result of which the patient is unconscious, and there is no reaction to external painful stimuli. The patient's vision decreases, strabismus develops, brain swelling and fluid accumulation occur. Chronic liver failure develops differently in each individual case, often over decades.

Acute symptoms

Acute liver failure occurs predominantly rapidly with a pronounced pattern of symptoms. This type has the following symptoms:

sudden onset of weakness;
nausea, vomiting and other signs similar to poisoning;
increase in body temperature;
an increase in jaundice, and you can observe a change in skin color to yellow. Eyeballs the patient also becomes yellow;
smell from the mouth;
a decrease in the size of the liver, which manifests itself in the form of pain;
lethargy, anxiety and speech impairment.

Acute liver failure is characterized by a change in blood composition: an increase in bilirubin occurs, which indicates its breakdown and decrease, as well as a decrease in the prothrombin index.

It is very important to deliver the patient to the clinic on time in order to be able to administer medication. Otherwise, acute liver failure can lead to death in a very short time.

Symptoms of renal-liver disease

The symptoms of renal-liver disease are almost identical to those above, the only difference is kidney damage, which indicates their pain and the manifestation of the following symptoms:

The presence of pain first in the liver, and then in the kidney area.
Temperature increase.
Signs of jaundice.
Red blood cells, protein and bile compounds are found in the urine.
A hemorrhagic diathesis is formed, the cause of which is intoxication of the body.

The main danger of renal-liver disease is the involvement of other organs and systems in the pathology process: gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system, respiratory organs, etc. In the chronic form, the functioning of the liver tissues stops, as a result of which toxins begin to be eliminated through the gastrointestinal tract and lungs. This is an abnormal condition, so the body experiences severe stress.

Before starting treatment, it is important to correctly diagnose the disease. What is needed for diagnosis can be found in the next section.

Diagnostics

If all of the above symptoms are detected, you must immediately go to the hospital or call ambulance. The clinic will require diagnostics to be able to make a correct diagnosis. First of all, diagnosis begins with interviewing and examining the patient. Often this is not enough to make a correct diagnosis, so the doctor will prescribe clinical measures.

Clinical activities include donating blood to identify biochemical data for bilirubin, alkaline photosphase, LDH, AST and ALT. Using these indicators, the doctor identifies not only the presence of signs of the disease, but also at what stage the liver disease is. The higher the indicators, the correspondingly more active the process of liver cell breakdown.

An important place in the treatment process is given to infusion therapy, through which proper nutrition is ensured and the body is detoxified. It is also necessary to improve liver microcirculation, normalize or restore the acid-base balance.

The patient is prescribed laxatives and enemas to cleanse the gastrointestinal tract of toxins and relieve constipation. A dropper with a solution of glucose, vitamins B6, B12, and lipoic acid are introduced daily.

If the disease has progressed to the stage of hepatic coma, then they resort to intensive drug effects. The purpose of these measures is to maintain the patient’s life so that the functioning of the liver can be normalized. A solution of sodium or potassium bicarbonate is injected, and humidified oxygen is inhaled through a nasal catheter. If the pressure decreases, then albumin is administered intravenously.

The patient must be on inpatient treatment and under the supervision of nurses. In addition to medication procedures, the following conditions are observed:

daily monitoring of blood tests to determine the composition of albumin;
urinary monitoring;
prevention of bedsores;
carrying out weigh-ins daily.

Hypoammonemic drugs can reduce the level of ammonia in the body.

If the patient has associated renal failure, then additional hemodialysis will be required in order to remove ammonia and other toxins from the blood, which under normal conditions are neutralized by the liver. In case of edema or ascites, paracentesis is necessary to help remove excess fluid from the body.

In addition to all of the above, normalization of the liver will require maintenance proper nutrition, or, more precisely, dieting.

Diet

Diet in the treatment of liver disease is a mandatory procedure, since the liver receives a significant blow precisely from improper nutrition. The diet includes compliance with the following procedures:

Reducing the level of protein and fat to 30 grams per day, and carbohydrates to 300.
It is preferable to eat plant foods, which include: fruits, vegetables, honey, compotes, jelly.
Consume food only in liquid or semi-liquid form. At the same time, you need to eat little by little, but every 2 hours.
Eliminate salt from your diet completely.
If there is no swelling, then you need to drink about 1.5 liters of fluid per day.

Diet plays an important role in the treatment of liver failure, so a combined effect will help you get rid of the symptoms of the disease and return to your previous healthy life.

At this syndrome metabolic processes in the body are disrupted, it is poisoned by the products of protein metabolism.

Classification

Failure is classified according to the nature of the course and stages.
Acute and chronic insufficiency differ in nature.
The acute form develops with an acute form of hepatitis, poisoning or subacute liver dystrophy.
The chronic form is characteristic of liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis. Both forms of failure can result in hepatic coma.
There are different stages: compensated, decompensated, dystrophic and hepatic coma.

In addition, endogenous and exogenous insufficiency are distinguished.
Endogenous– is a complication of death or degeneration of liver tissue and is characteristic of cirrhosis and hepatitis.
Exogenous- This is self-poisoning of the body with metabolic products and substances produced by intestinal microflora. This happens if the above substances enter the blood through the intestinal walls and do not pass through the liver, for example, if there is a blockage portal vein. This form of failure does not cause changes in the quality of liver tissue.

Causes

The causes of liver failure are divided into hepatogenic and extrahepatic.

Hepatogenic: diseases and phenomena that directly affect liver tissue.
Extrahepatic: processes affecting liver functions indirectly.

The condition causes death in 50–90% of cases.

The main factors provoking this condition:
1. Viral hepatitis
2. Paracetamol poisoning
3. Poisoning with poisons that destroy liver cells ( adulterated alcohol, mushrooms)
4. Wilson-Konovalov disease
5. Liver dystrophy during pregnancy, occurring in acute form.

Signs:

General deterioration in health
Yellowing of sclera, skin
Breath smells like rotten meat
Trembling limbs
Swelling.

What to do?
Go to the hospital immediately.

Diagnostics

1. Questioning the patient about his bad habits, past illnesses, and medications he uses.
2. General blood analysis
3. Coagulogram
4. Analysis of urine
5. Blood biochemistry
6. Alpha-fetoprotein test
7. Abdominal ultrasound
8. Abdominal x-ray
9. Radionuclide scanning
10. Electroencephalogram
11. Biopsy of liver tissue.

In children

Despite the fact that this condition is quite rare in children in the first year and a half of life, it ends in death in 50% of cases. And saving the child’s life depends only on the competent and timely actions of parents and doctors.
In newborns under 15 days of age, liver failure is often caused by immaturity in the production of certain enzymes.
In addition, in children the cause of this condition may be hypoxia and an increased amount of proteins in the body.

Liver failure in children causes a lot of ailments. The child is weak, inactive, sleeps a lot, and has a headache. Digestion of food is impaired: diarrhea, bloating, vomiting. I have a stomachache, heartbeat shot down.
If you do not provide urgent help to the baby, he falls into a coma.
Treatment of a baby with liver failure is carried out only in the hospital. Subsequently, after being discharged home, the child must adhere to a special diet for a long time and take increased doses of vitamins B, A, C, K .

Treatment

Treatment of liver failure of any stage and in patients of any age should be carried out only in a hospital.
It is necessary to maintain the vital functions of the patient’s body and at the same time fight the underlying disease that caused this condition.
If the cause of deficiency is poisoning, toxins are removed from the body using laxatives. To cleanse the body of ammonia, use intravenous injections glutamic acid twice or thrice a day for 3 to 4 days.
Glucose and vitamins are also infused AT 12 And AT 6 , cocarboxylase, panangin, lipoic acid.
The use of oxygen installations and oxygen pillows is mandatory.
At chronic form deficiency, medications are prescribed to alleviate the patient’s condition, the proportion of protein in food is reduced, enemas are indicated to cleanse the intestines, as well as from time to time antibiotics and vitamins IN in the form of injections, vitohepat.

Diet

1. Reduce the protein level in the diet to 30 grams. per day, fats up to 20 - 30 grams, while carbohydrates should be up to 300 grams. In severe conditions, protein is completely excluded, leaving only 5 grams contained in plant products.
2. The basis of the diet - plant food (juices from vegetables and fruits, honey, puree soups, compotes with boiled fruits, rosehip decoction, jelly, jelly).
3. Eat food once every 2 hours in semi-liquid or liquid form.
4. Avoid salt completely.
5. Drink up to 1.5 liters of fluid per day in the absence of edema.

If the patient’s condition improves, then 10 grams can be added every three days. protein until reaching the age norm. Protein should be increased by introducing cottage cheese, kefir, and yogurt into the diet. You can slowly increase the fat content. At the same time, the basis of the diet is easily digestible carbohydrates ( honey, sugar, jam, jelly, jelly, fruit).

The liver is a multifunctional organ that neutralizes substances harmful to the body, participates in protein and carbohydrate metabolism, producing specific enzymes necessary for digestion, etc. If the functioning of this organ is disrupted, liver failure is diagnosed. The development of this condition adversely affects all body systems.

This disease can occur in both chronic and acute forms. In most cases, without targeted treatment, this pathology leads to severe complications and death. More often, the development of liver failure is observed in men, but this disorder also occurs in women. This condition is more often observed in older and elderly people.

Features of liver failure

The liver is the largest gland in the body. It has high regenerative capabilities. Even if 70% of the cells are damaged, it can recover and function normally. Liver restoration occurs through the process of proliferation, i.e. growth and increase in the number of functional cells - hepatocytes.

Regeneration of the tissues of this organ is extremely slow and, depending on the general condition of the patient, can take from 2 to 4 weeks. Hepatocellular failure syndrome occurs when liver damage is so severe that full, or sometimes partial, recovery is impossible. The development of liver failure can occur with different types tissue damage, including massive fibrous and dystrophic degeneration, necrotic changes in the parenchyma of various etiologies etc.

The mechanism for the development of this pathological condition already well studied. First, under the influence of unfavorable factors, the structure of hepatocyte membranes is disrupted. At the same time, functional cells increase the production of enzymes, which worsens the situation and leads to more rapid destruction of the cells of this organ. The situation is aggravated by the start of production immune system autoimmune bodies that destroy damaged cells.

With a long-term process, anastomoses begin to form, i.e. additional small vessels, which connect the remaining functional bloodstreams between the inferior vena cava and the portal veins.

Since blood circulates through these vessels, bypassing damaged areas of the liver, this reduces the chances of tissue restoration. Due to impaired liver function, more and more toxins enter the bloodstream, leading to damage to all organs and systems of the body.

Causes of the disease

There are a number of conditions that, as they progress, can cause the development of acute or chronic liver failure. Most often, liver dysfunction is observed in cirrhosis. This disease is characterized by necrotic destruction of organ tissue and further replacement of damaged areas with fibrosis.

Subsequently, the degenerated areas of the liver begin to put pressure on the vessels, triggering the formation of anastomoses and the development of portal hypertension. These processes are often accompanied by the appearance of pronounced ascites. The influence of the following unfavorable factors can provoke first cirrhosis, and then failure:

viral hepatitis;
long-term alcohol abuse;
severe poisoning by toxins;
taking certain medications;
drug use;
some pathologies of the biliary tract;
poor nutrition;
eating poisonous mushrooms;
infectious diseases;
autoimmune pathologies;
congenital abnormalities of liver development.

Conditions in which excess fat enters the tissues of the organ predispose to the appearance of such liver damage. In this case, fat begins to accumulate due to a failure in metabolic processes. Adipose tissue gradually replaces dead hepatocytes. Factors contributing to this problem include:

obesity;
anorexia and bulimia;
some gastrointestinal diseases;
taking alcohol substitutes;
diabetes.
Regular consumption of bear and badger fat.

The appearance of liver failure is often a natural result of the progression of parenchymal degeneration of the organ. Factors contributing to this problem include:

congenital deficiency of enzyme production;
protein metabolism disorders;
endocrine disorders;
hepatitis;
stagnation of bile in the liver;
intoxication in certain viral diseases;
hypo- and vitamin deficiencies.

Less commonly diagnosed is the development of liver dysfunction against the background of parenchymal carbohydrate dystrophy. This pathological condition occurs against the background of metabolic disorders involving glycogen. Lack of vitamins in food, alcohol intoxication and diabetes mellitus predispose to such liver damage. A decrease or complete disruption of liver function is often observed against the background of amyloidosis of this organ.

The occurrence of this pathology is often detected in patients with a predisposition to amyloidosis. Insufficient liver function is caused by gradual deposition of amyloid, i.e., insoluble protein, on the walls of the bile ducts and blood vessels. This contributes to the disruption of tissue saturation with oxygen and nutrients, and in addition, the outflow of bile.

Often the development of liver failure is observed against the background of hepatitis. Both viral hepatitis and liver inflammation caused by the influence of breakdown products of alcohol or toxic substances have a destructive effect on tissue. These conditions lead first to inflammation and then death of large areas of the organ.

The development of renal failure may result malignant neoplasms in this body. The appearance of a similar problem is often observed in people who have a genetic predisposition to liver cancer. The danger is metastasis from tumors located in other organs.

The long-term adverse effects of carcinogenic substances can also contribute to the formation of malignant neoplasms, and then to failure. As malignant tumors grow, they replace functional liver cells and compress healthy areas of the organ tissue. This leads to the development of inflammation, disruption of the outflow of bile and blocking of blood circulation in healthy tissues. In this case, this pathological condition is accompanied by severe intoxication.

Some diseases of the cardiovascular system, including aneurysms and atherosclerosis, can also contribute to the appearance of liver dysfunction. Chronic renal failure increases the risk of developing liver dysfunction. In addition, some diseases accompanied by severe hormonal imbalances can contribute to the appearance of such a problem.

There are frequent cases of insufficiency developing in people who have experienced massive blood loss. Contributes to the emergence of the problem of blood transfusion, which is incompatible with the recipient group. IN in rare cases the development of pathology is observed after surgical interventions on the gastrointestinal tract.

Classification of liver failure

There are 3 forms of liver failure, each of which has its own characteristics of development and course. Classic hepatic cell failure, i.e. endogenous, develops as a result of poisoning of the body with highly toxic substances. In this case, rapid death of functional liver cells is observed. In such a situation, only an urgent transplant can save the patient’s life.

In the exogenous form of liver dysfunction due to the influence of certain unfavorable factors, a gradual increasing failure of blood circulation in the tissues of the organ is observed. The level of blood purification from toxins decreases, which leads to gradually increasing intoxication of all tissues of the body.

The mixed form of the course is the result of impaired hepatic circulation and damage to the functional tissues of the organ. In this case, both acute and chronic course is possible pathological process.

Acute form

Acute liver failure develops as a result of rapid damage to large areas of the liver. Clinical manifestations increase rapidly. Symptoms may appear within hours to 8 weeks after exposure unfavorable factor on liver tissue. Such a rapid increase in symptoms is due to the fact that this form of pathology is always accompanied by the appearance of extensive foci of inflammation and necrotic damage to organ tissue.

At the same time, up to 80–90% of tissues lose the ability to perform their functions. The course of acute liver failure is always unfavorable and is accompanied by a rapidly increasing deterioration in the patient’s general condition. This form of the disease is extremely short term becomes the reason for the development hepatic encephalopathy, coma and death.

Chronic form

At chronic variety liver failure, the clinical manifestations of the pathology increase over the course of 2 months to several years as the cells of the organ die. Critical level the symptoms of this pathological condition occur when the regenerative capabilities of the cells are so depleted that the organ is unable to recover.

The chronic form of the pathology is in most cases combined with portal hypertension. Despite the fact that in the initial stages there may be an asymptomatic course, in the future the patient’s condition can become extremely serious. Terminal liver damage, in which more than 80–90% of functional cells die, leads to the development severe complications and death.

Symptoms

Signs of liver damage and failure largely depend on the form of the pathology. With an acute type of liver failure, a rapid deterioration in the condition is observed. Patients have complaints about severe pain in the area of the right hypochondrium. The discomfort is so intense that the patient requires urgent hospitalization. Painful attacks may intensify after eating. Further complaints appear:

for nausea and vomiting;
to increase body temperature;
for chills;
for general weakness;
increased fatigue with minimal physical activity;
for increasing skin itching;
yellowing of the sclera of the eyes and skin;
the smell of rotten meat from the mouth;
tremor of the upper extremities;
to reduce blood pressure;
to an enlarged spleen;
for shortness of breath;
for cough;
for bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract;
for massive nasal bleeding;
to a rapid decrease in blood glucose levels;
to a critical decrease in blood pressure.

Patients also experience diarrhea. The stool becomes white or light beige in color. In this case, the urine may darken. Against the background of this pathological condition, patients often experience a decrease in appetite. Some patients experience strong desire try inedible items.

As the condition worsens, patients experience pain in the joints, both large and small. There is a change in the size of the liver. Patients experience a rapid increase in abdominal volume due to the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity. In acute types of liver failure, patients experience rapid weight loss.

Within a few hours or days after the onset of the attack, signs of hepatic encephalopathy appear, which is the result of damage to the central nervous system due to an increase in the level of toxic compounds in the blood. In many patients, even with acute course pathology, the appearance of spider veins is observed, which are especially pronounced on the anterior wall of the abdomen and on the shoulders.

There are at least 4 stages of development of the chronic form of insufficiency. Each of them has its own symptoms. initial stage the pathological process is considered compensated, since at this time the appearance of pronounced clinical picture due to the increased activity of the remaining healthy cells. Only when carrying out laboratory research a decrease in organ function can be detected.

During the transition of the disease to the second decompensated stage, the appearance of pronounced signs portal hypertension. Patients develop pronounced spider veins not only on the skin of the abdomen, but also on the face. Hematomas often appear even without any traumatic impact. Massive bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract and nose is possible. These symptoms are the result of decreased blood clotting.

Most patients already at this stage of chronic liver failure experience the appearance of ascites, emotional lability or development depressive disorders. Possible sleep disturbances. Dyspeptic disorders become pronounced, including nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Cachexia appears, i.e. exhaustion.

Muscle tissue rapidly atrophies. The skin becomes very thin and becomes jaundiced. The sclera of the eyes and mucous membranes can acquire a similar color. The palms and feet may have a red tint. The condition of hair and nails worsens. The patient's general health is also rapidly deteriorating. This stage can last from several weeks to a month or more.

When the disease passes into the third, i.e. terminal, stage, all previously present symptoms become pronounced. The liver decreases in size. The blood hardly clots. This causes the development of massive bleeding. Manifestations from the central nervous system are increasing.

The last stage of the chronic course is coma. This condition in most cases ends in death due to cerebral edema and the development of multiple organ failure.

Complications of the disease

Liver failure syndrome is extremely dangerous because organ damage can cause the development of severe complications caused not only by a decrease in the functional activity of hepatocytes, but also by an increase in toxic substances in the blood. There are a number of conditions, the occurrence of which reduces the patient's chances of survival.

The accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity increases the risk of secondary infection. In this case, peritonitis develops. Impaired liver function leads to varicose veins of the esophagus, which, combined with decreased blood clotting, predisposes to massive bleeding from the esophagus. upper sections organ. The development of this complication ends in death in almost 100% of cases.

The accumulation of toxic substances in the blood often causes the development of deficiency. In addition, in patients with critical liver tissue damage, cases of brain tissue hypoxia and edema are common. Severe respiratory failure may occur. In rare cases, extremely dangerous pulmonary hemorrhages are observed, which in most cases are fatal.

Most patients suffering from chronic liver failure experience atrophy of the mammary glands. Hypogonadism in men is possible. Testicular atrophy and infertility are often observed. In addition to these conditions, patients often experience organ dysfunction due to a chronic course. The development of malignant neoplasms may be observed.

Diagnostics

If signs of liver dysfunction appear, the patient requires consultation with a hepatologist and a number of other specialized specialists. After an external examination and assessment of complaints, the patient is prescribed a series of laboratory and instrumental studies. First of all, it is necessary to carry out general analysis, which allows you to identify the presence of leukocytosis and anemia in the patient.

A coagulogram is required to detect thrombocytopenia. A biochemical analysis is performed, with which you can clarify the level alkaline phosphatase, transaminases, bilirubin, creatinine, albumin, etc. After this, general and biochemical urine tests are prescribed.

In this case, an ultrasound of the abdominal organs is necessary. This study helps evaluate the condition of the parenchyma and blood vessels. In addition, the size of the liver is assessed. Ultrasound can exclude the presence tumor processes. An ECG is often prescribed to assess the patient's condition. To detect diffuse liver damage, hepatoscintigraphy is performed.

As an addition to necessary research, an MRI is often prescribed to assess the condition of the organ. In some cases, a biopsy is performed to determine the morphological changes in the tissue samples obtained.

Treatment options

The treatment of acute and chronic forms of this pathological condition has some differences. In acute forms of pathology, the patient requires urgent Care. Most often, when eliminating this pathological condition, medications are used in the form of solutions rather than tablets.

If bleeding is present, therapy aimed at eliminating this disorder is first prescribed. Blood and platelet transfusions are often used. To restore the volume of circulating blood, the administration of saline solutions or saline may be prescribed.

In addition, hemostatic drugs are administered and vitamin complexes. In case of urgent need, urgent surgical intervention is performed to restore the integrity of damaged blood vessels.

After this, treatment is carried out for disorders that arise from liver failure. To reduce the severity of intoxication, intestinal cleansing is prescribed. Medications that have a stimulating effect on intestinal motility, including Metoclopramide and Cerucal, can be administered. As part of detoxification therapy, the use of solutions of Rheosorbilact and Neogemadese is often prescribed.

Often, the treatment regimen for acute types of insufficiency includes infusion therapy, which involves the administration of solutions designed to stabilize blood pressure. A solution of sodium chloride or glucose may be prescribed. Formed diuresis is often used with the prescription of diuretics. In addition, lactulose is used to reduce ammonia production.

To reduce the risk of infection, it is prescribed antibacterial therapy. Tranquilizers are often used to suppress motor and mental agitation. According to indications, specialists can use sedatives. Can be applied pharmaceuticals, helping to improve cerebral circulation. To improve liver function, the following medications are mainly prescribed:

The patient requires oxygen inhalation. In addition, hemosorption procedures are prescribed. It may also be necessary hyperbaric oxygen therapy. At chronic course pathology, therapy is aimed at eliminating primary disease or the factor that caused the organ to malfunction. For fibrous tissue damage, the formation of malignant neoplasms and some other conditions, surgical treatment may be recommended. Patients with this form of pathology must completely stop drinking alcohol.

Any medications should be used only on the recommendation of a doctor. It is imperative to follow a low protein diet. Open sun rays and lifting weights over 2 kg. To stabilize the condition, patients are prescribed a number of medications. To eliminate toxic substances dangerous to brain tissue, lactulose preparations are often used, including:

To eliminate ammonia and transport it from the body, the use of Hepa-Merz and Glutargin is prescribed. Antibiotics are often prescribed to suppress the microflora in the intestines necessary for processing proteins from food. To reduce the risk of developing severe swelling and ascites, patients are prescribed Veroshpiron. Drugs are used to reduce pressure in the portal vein.

In the chronic form, Propranolol, Nebilet, Moxidomin, etc. are used to reduce pressure. In addition, in the presence of narrowing of the biliary tract, cholespasmolytics are used. Medications may also be required to reduce excessive bleeding.

In severe cases, when palliative surgical interventions and medications it is not possible to achieve a pronounced improvement and the patient experiences an increase in toxic substances in the blood, the only way to save the sick person’s life is a liver transplant.

Diet

If the functioning of liver tissue is insufficient, patients are prescribed a protein-free diet. Easily digestible foods high in plant fiber, microelements and vitamins should be included in the diet. The daily calorie content should be 1500 kcal. The diet should include:

vegetables;
fruits;
cereals;
dairy products;
lean varieties of meat and fish.

You should exclude from your diet foods high in fat, with hot spices, simple carbohydrates etc. You need to eat in small portions, 5–6 per day.

Prognosis and prevention

In both acute and chronic forms of liver failure, the prognosis is unfavorable. In the acute course, death in most cases occurs within 2–3 days to 2 months, unless an organ transplant is performed.

The chronic form of the pathology also has an unfavorable prognosis, although this type of disease manifests itself less aggressively. Even with complex treatment and diet, one can only achieve prolongation of life, but without transplantation the patient will face premature death. The prognosis is worsened by the presence of complications.

To reduce the risk of developing critical liver damage, it is necessary to promptly treat diseases of this organ. As part of the prevention of the described pathological condition, it is necessary to stop taking alcohol and drugs. To reduce the risk of developing deficiency, you should adhere to a healthy diet and exercise regularly.

It is imperative to maintain normal weight. You should avoid eating mushrooms collected in the forest. It is imperative to be vaccinated against hepatitis A and B. It is necessary to take any medications and dietary supplements with caution. Major injuries that would require blood transfusion should be avoided whenever possible, and all medical procedures should be carried out in a safe manner. sanitary standards. This will reduce the risk of developing organ failure and avoid premature death.

What is liver failure, how does it manifest, stories of people who successfully overcame this disease with the help of diets, folk remedies and medicines.

The content of the article:

Liver failure is a syndrome characterized by damage to organ cells and disruption of its functioning. In this case, compensatory capabilities and basic functions are lost, and signs of chronic intoxication of the body appear. Failure can lead to coma, that is, complete failure of the liver, which causes extensive damage to the brain by decay products.

Read the review natural preparation based on propolis

A story about the treatment of liver failure by Oksana, 46 years old

Several years ago, I had a blockage in my bile ducts; the bile practically did not flow out. In just a few days I turned yellow, like an autumn leaf. I was urgently hospitalized and given the frightening diagnosis of liver failure.

My symptoms grew very rapidly, so the decision was made to undergo surgery to free the bile ducts. Thank God, the stone was removed safely, but I had to treat my liver for a long time, and also eliminate the consequences of severe intoxication.

I had a strict diet: protein was limited to 40 grams per day, and I practically couldn’t consume salt. I was also prescribed hypoammonemic drugs, which were supposed to reduce the level of ammonia in the body.

I also took Duphalac (a laxative). This drug is based on lactulose and helped reduce the absorption of ammonia in the intestines and slightly suppressed intestinal flora, which produced it.

After this course of treatment I was prescribed hormone therapy, as well as vitamin therapy. Basically, I was injected with B vitamins, various acids, and calcium, magnesium and phosphorus to restore liver function.

After discharge, I continued to take medications that restore the liver for a long time, and also decided to help my body with traditional medicine recipes. In particular, I used the following tools:

Radish juice and pulp. This vegetable helps cleanse the liver and improves its function. For one course, I took about four kilograms of radish and put it through a juicer. It turned out to be about a liter of juice. I stored it in the refrigerator, and mixed the pulp with linden honey in a 1:1 ratio and also put it in the refrigerator. Every morning on an empty stomach I drank a tablespoon of juice, and after breakfast I ate a teaspoon of pulp.
Rosehip infusion and lemon juice . I regularly prepared this refreshing and healing drink for myself according to this recipe: I took a handful of rose hips and poured a liter of boiling water. The infusion steeped for about 7-8 hours, usually at night. In the morning I filtered the product. Before drinking, I added a tablespoon of lemon juice to a glass of drink. During the day I drank the entire liter and in the evening I prepared a new infusion. By the way, this drug is absolutely harmless, so you can drink it for a long time.
Chicory juice. I read this recipe on one forum and it turned out to save many people who suffered from chronic liver failure. I took fresh chicory root, crushed it in a meat grinder and squeezed the juice out of it. I drank half a teaspoon every day for two weeks.

In addition, I still stick to the diet, although more than four years have passed since the exacerbation.

How Valeria, 35 years old, cured liver failure

At the age of 30, I was diagnosed with fatty liver disease. I suffered from obesity, and over time my liver could no longer cope with its functions. Hepatosis caused a natural complication - chronic liver failure. I was urgently hospitalized for treatment in a hospital setting.

I was given intravenous drips with drugs that were supposed to improve microcirculation in the liver, medicinally reduce the intoxication of the body, restore the balance of electrolytes and acid-base balance. In addition, I underwent treatment with B vitamins.

I learned from doctors that during liver failure, decay processes in the intestines intensify, so patients like me are prescribed a special diet with a reduced content of protein products. I also needed to have cleansing enemas regularly.

IN general process Treatment of liver failure was long and difficult. Only after the symptoms of deficiency were relieved did we begin therapy against fatty hepatosis.

Now my overall weight and manifestations of hepatosis have decreased, but they have given me disability. Being disabled at 35 is certainly sad, but I'm not giving up. The main thing now, according to my attending physician, is to maintain a correct lifestyle and not break the diet.

My diet is very limited in fats and slow carbohydrates, and I constantly carefully monitor the amount of protein. Sometimes I switch to eating exclusively plant-based protein. Then I add drugs containing amino acids to the diet to normalize amino acid composition blood.

Every morning begins with liquid porridge - semolina or oatmeal with water. Milk and dairy products in my menu are also very limited, as they contain a lot of animal protein.

I eat food strictly on time - every two hours. I try to drink little liquids, as swelling can sometimes appear. I had my kidneys examined and it seemed like no abnormalities were found.

My diet also includes lactose or lactulose. These substances stop the formation of ammonia in the intestines. I get them from a special medicinal kefir. It also helps activate beneficial bifidobacteria in digestive organs.

I try to drink rosehip decoctions regularly, it has a beneficial effect on liver function.

How Leonid, 56 years old, treated liver failure with herbs

I was diagnosed with acute liver failure due to intoxication of the body due to poisoning several years ago. It developed rapidly, and they barely had time to take me to the hospital. Doctors say a little more - and the consequences would be irreversible. And so, they managed to save me and bring me back literally from the other world.

I then lay in the hospital for a long time: first in intensive care, then in the hospital. Although they managed to “resuscitate” my liver to its previous state, healthy condition she will never return. I constantly need to see doctors and take courses of medications.

I have a fairly strict diet, and in addition, I constantly practice treatment for liver failure folk remedies. I don't use any extreme recipes that rely on poisons. I am convinced that this is very dangerous and that experimenting with potentially dangerous substances when your liver is already weakened is extremely unwise.

There are several decoctions on my list of useful recipes:

We take 30 grams of rose hips, 20 grams of wintergreen and the same amount of nettle leaves. Pour a glass of boiling water. Let it sit for 30 minutes. Strain and drink half a glass twice a day. Every morning I prepare myself a new infusion.
To prepare this infusion you will need 30 grams of yarrow herb, cornflower flowers, peppermint, smokeweed, blackberry leaves, buckthorn bark, wild rosemary shoots, and dandelion root. Brew a tablespoon of the mixture with a glass of boiling water, cover with a lid and leave to steep for an hour. You need to drink 1/3 glass three times a day. The course lasts at least two months.
You can also prepare the following restorative decoction for a weak liver: 100 grams of yarrow, 50 grams of calendula flowers, 50 grams of chamomile, 20 grams of dandelion root, 20 grams of flax seeds, 20 grams of fennel fruits, 20 grams of bearberry leaves. Mix all the ingredients and brew two teaspoons of the mixture with a glass of boiling water. Let it sit for half an hour. Strain and drink a glass of medicine 2-3 times a day between meals.

How Alexander, 38 years old, was treated without expensive drugs

After the doctor I saw in the hospital with acute liver failure found out that I had been drinking almost every day for more than 10 years, he told my loved ones that my liver was deteriorating and the sooner I left them, the better for them and myself. . Like, I’ll take the burden off them, and I’ll experience less hellish pain myself. I regained consciousness and heard them talking to each other. Also, out of the corner of my ear, I heard my brother calling someone on the phone and asking for advice.

A couple of days later, my brother brought a liter bottle of bittersweet syrup to the hospital. I combined the treatment of acute liver failure with taking this drug. I can describe the result of this remedy: after 15 minutes it relieved even the most severe stomach pain. And after three weeks of regular use, my liver stopped hurting.

But what struck me most was that 10-14 days after starting the course, I myself did not notice how I began to feel an aversion to alcohol. Now I can drink on holiday, but the rest of the time I can’t even handle it. An acquaintance of my brother cured a stomach ulcer with the same drug.

We bought the first three liters of syrup from a herbalist, and then he gave us a recipe and told us to cook it ourselves. Here he is:

Take two glasses of tansy flowers without leaves and stems and two glasses of yarrow flowers and fill them with two liters of cold water.
Let the mixture stand for 24 hours.
Place on the fire and bring until hot (as the water begins to hiss), but not to a boil.
3-5 hours after this, we repeat the heating procedure.
Strain the product through gauze folded in a couple of layers.
For each liter of broth, add three full faceted glasses of sugar and two tablespoons of honey.
Mix the ingredients thoroughly and set to boil for 5-7 minutes. Remove the foam when it appears.
Store the syrup in the refrigerator.

You need to drink the product like this: 25 grams in the morning on an empty stomach and before bed. A liter bottle ends up lasting for three weeks. Then I took a week off and repeated the treatment again. So I conducted three courses.

Currently I drink a liter every year for preventive purposes. And my wife drinks. We don't know about kidney, liver or stomach diseases.

Life story of Evgenia, 56 years old, about the fight against the disease

I was seriously ill with jaundice; doctors diagnosed the first stage of liver failure. I was treated in the hospital for a long time, I was treated for liver failure, then I continued taking medications at home. Once, a herbalist friend advised me to undergo a course of treatment with oats in order to restore the functions of the organ and prevent recurrence of failure.

I washed one hundred grams of peeled oats and filled it with 2.5 liters hot water. After that, I added 150 grams of honey to the container (three-liter jar) and covered it with paper and a lid on top. The tincture was covered with a warm blanket and left to infuse for 24 hours in a warm place.

After this you can use it. I ate one cup of oats after meals twice a day. The full course of treatment for liver failure was one and a half months.

How to treat liver failure - watch the video:

I can’t say that I began to feel like I did in my youth, but many problems with health and well-being have receded. My liver stopped hurting, my blood tests improved, and I was able to reduce the number of medications I took. Although I use hepatoprotectors in courses periodically to maintain health.