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How to help with food poisoning. Signs of food poisoning and how to treat it at home

Treatment of food poisoning at home can be carried out independently if the disease does not occur in acute form and no life-threatening symptoms are present.

After providing first aid for poisoning, you should add drugs from home first aid kit and folk remedies to improve the general condition of the patient.

Medicines for poisoning: what should be in your home medicine cabinet

In mild forms, help with food poisoning does not require any special treatment; it is enough to adjust the diet and ensure plenty of drinking.

First of all, in case of poisoning, gastric lavage is performed: the poisoned person is given water to drink in order to induce vomiting. This procedure is carried out until the water from the stomach becomes clear, i.e. until all remaining contaminated food has been removed.

Afterwards, the main treatment of poisoning begins with the help of pharmaceutical and folk remedies.

Types of therapy	Action	Drugs
Rehydration therapy	Treatment with rehydrants after food poisoning is the main one, because it is aimed at restoring the deficiency of water and electrolytes in the body. Therapy can be carried out in two ways: orally and parenterally (enema). The parenteral route is usually used for severe cases poisoning and for small children.	Oral medications: Regidron, Oralit, Chlorazol, Litrozol. Parenteral drugs: Trisol, Acesol, Lactosol, Chlosol.
Sorption therapy	Drugs of this group (enterosorbents) promote faster removal poisons and toxins by adsorbing. The drugs are used during the period of absence of vomiting between doses of other medications. Enterosorbents should be used with caution at high temperatures, as well as for young or elderly patients.	White and black coal, Polysorb, Enterosgel, Sorbogel, Polyphepan.
Pain therapy	Antispasmodics are indicated for severe pain in the abdominal area, intestinal spasms.	Drotaverine, No-shpa, Spazmalgon, Spasgan.
Antimicrobial and antibacterial therapy	Antimicrobials and antibiotics are prescribed very rarely for food poisoning. These medications should be taken strictly as prescribed by your doctor. Unreasonable and uncontrolled use of drugs aggravates the development of dysbiosis that develops as a result of poisoning.	Nifuroxazide, Intetrix, Furazolidone, Nifuroxazide.
Antidiarrheal and antiemetic therapy	Diarrhea and vomiting are defensive reaction body for poisoning, therefore initial stage poisoning, taking such drugs does not make sense. When the bulk of toxins have already been released along with feces and vomit, and vomiting or diarrhea does not stop, it is advisable to take medications that stop these processes.	Antiemetics: Motilium, Cerucal. Antidiarrheals: Trimebutine, Loperamide.
Antipyretic therapy	Most often, food poisoning does not cause high temperatures, but to alleviate the patient’s condition (especially in children), medications that reduce fever can be given.	Paracetomol, Ibuklin, Ibuprofen.
Therapy that restores microflora	Normal bowel function is almost always disrupted after food poisoning. Therefore, it is advisable to take drugs that restore intestinal microflora.	Probiotics: Linex, Bifidumbacterin, Bionorm, Baktisubtil.
Enzyme therapy	In case of poisoning, the production of pancreatic enzymes decreases, so it is recommended to take enzyme preparations for several days after poisoning.	Mezim-Forte, Festal, Creon, Pancreatin.

It is quite possible to cure food poisoning at home and avoid hospitalization if you have all the listed drugs (or their analogues) on hand and know how to use them.

How to cure poisoning without medications: folk remedies

To finally get rid of the consequences of poisoning, remove everything harmful substances from the body and restore the functioning of all organs and systems, use means traditional medicine, which help cope with the symptoms of intoxication no worse than medications.

How to act in case of various poisonings

For various poisonings, certain treatment methods are used depending on the cause of the disease.

Fish poisoning

In case of fish poisoning, you should first rinse the stomach by inducing vomiting. Then it is advisable to give a chamomile enema: brew chamomile flowers (1 tsp per glass of boiling water), cool and strain.

To cleanse the stomach, adults can be given a solution of vodka to drink: 1 tbsp. A spoonful of aniseed vodka is dissolved in a glass of water and drunk in one gulp.

Poisoning with meat and meat products

The first measures are artificial gastric lavage using warm solution soda Then you can use herbal decoctions and castor solution:

In a glass of boiled chilled water, dilute 2 tbsp. spoons castor oil, add 0.5 teaspoon lemon juice. Take a sip every 5-7 minutes.
Place chicory flowers and grass (8 tablespoons of raw materials) in a thermos and pour a liter of boiling water. Leave for 7-8 hours, then drink every hour (2-3 sips of the drink).
Yarrow and wormwood. Mix both herbs in equal proportions. Take 1 teaspoon of the resulting raw material and pour half a liter of water. Leave for an hour. Drink in five doses throughout the day.

Mushroom poisoning

Eating mushrooms causes severe intoxication of the body, which should be treated immediately and with radical means:

Chamomile enema. Pour boiling water over one tablespoon of herb and flower. After an hour, strain and make an enema based on the infusion.
Dill. Grind the seeds and dry dill into powder. Take 30 g of raw material and pour cold water(0.5 l). Bring to a boil over low heat and simmer slightly for 7-10 minutes. Leave in a warm place for an hour, and then drink 100 g of decoction throughout the day.
To prevent the absorption of poisons, you need to drink an enveloping agent: egg white, a glass of milk or whey.

How to relieve symptoms of poisoning

To relieve the symptoms of intoxication and alleviate the patient’s condition, in case of poisoning at home, you can use the following techniques:

Add 40 g of sugar, 6 g of soda and the same amount of salt to a liter of warm water. Drink in three doses.
Dissolve 6 g of potato starch in a glass of water at room temperature. Drink once - per reception.
Enveloping agent: a pack of gelatin is dissolved in a glass of water. Drink in one gulp.
Add 10 g of apple cider vinegar to warm water and drink in one go.
Separate the whites from three eggs, beat and drink.

Treatment of food poisoning - effective ways

Folk remedies for poisoning should be used only in mild cases of the disease and preferably after consultation with a doctor.

Cinnamon – natural sorbent and antispasmodic. Brew half a teaspoon of cinnamon in a glass of boiling water and mix the drink thoroughly. After 15 minutes, strain, drink in small sips in a warm state throughout the day.

Ginger– relieves nausea, removes toxins. Pour one teaspoon of ginger into warm (not boiling water!) water and let it brew for a few minutes. Drink throughout the day instead of tea.

Lemon juice– vitamin C has an antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory effect on the body; the acid destroys bacteria that cause food poisoning. Lemon can be added to warm water (5:1 ratio) or simply given to the patient to suck on a slice of lemon. This treatment is unsafe for people with chronic diseases of the stomach and duodenum.

Marshmallow root. Grind the plant and pour boiling water (100 ml) into a teaspoon of the resulting mixture. Let the drink brew, then add honey and drink 3-4 times.

Horse sorrel. Pour 500 ml of boiling water over the crushed plant (30 g). Cool and drink throughout the day (one sip).

Melissa and mint tea– calms and improves digestion. Brew and drink like regular tea.

It is not difficult to cure food poisoning at home if you follow the main directions of treatment: eliminating symptoms, removing toxins and improving the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

Every person at least once in his life has encountered such an unpleasant phenomenon as food poisoning. Most often, poisoning occurs when eating low-quality food products, with expired shelf life, or products that were prepared and stored improperly sanitary standards. There are also frequent cases of mushroom poisoning, poisonous plants, when eating poisonous animals, as well as chemicals.

Signs of food poisoning

Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, bowel disorders (diarrhea), general weakness- main symptoms of food poisoning.

The first symptoms of poisoning may appear 30 minutes after eating low-quality foods, but sometimes more than a day may pass before signs of the disease appear. Typical signs food poisoning:

painful nausea;
repeated vomiting of eaten food, gastric juice, and then an ineffective urge to vomit;
excessive salivation;
, smelly, contains remnants of undigested food;
increased body temperature, chills;
weakness, dizziness;
dysfunctions of the central nervous system, which may be characteristic of botulism.

Symptoms may persist for 1-3 days, gradually subsiding. During the week after food poisoning, victims may experience weakness, abdominal pain, and flatulence.

Help for food poisoning

At the first signs of poisoning, the victim must undergo gastric lavage. To do this, you can use boiled water, a weak solution of potassium permanganate or soda. Gastric lavage must be done until clean water begins to come out.
After gastric lavage, the patient is recommended to take Enterosgel - this is a modern enterosorbent based on bioorganic silicon, which effectively absorbs and removes only toxic substances and pathogens from the stomach and intestines. Enterosgel does not interact with the mucous membrane in any way gastrointestinal tract, unlike other sorbents, which stick to the inflamed mucosa and further injure it. The drug does not cause constipation, does not cause allergies, and can be taken from the first days of life.
Drinking plenty of fluids is necessary to prevent dehydration as a result of fluid loss through vomit and stool. It is recommended to drink boiled water, weak sweet tea, fruit drinks, and jelly. Carbonated drinks should be avoided, and drinking alcohol is completely unacceptable.
During the first 24 hours and until the symptoms of food poisoning subside, it is necessary to provide the patient with rest. If the victim is bothered by chills, you need to warm him up; the use of heating pads is allowed.

After poisoning, you should refrain from eating food for some time; from the second day, you can gradually introduce rice soups and mucous decoctions. It is not recommended to consume foods that irritate the gastric mucosa (spicy, pickled, salted, smoked) until the symptoms of food poisoning completely disappear. Symptoms of poisoning usually go away on their own within a week.

Immediately apply for medical care necessary in case of mushroom poisoning, if botulism is suspected, and also if the patient is Small child or an elderly person. Qualified help it is also required for victims whose symptoms of poisoning do not go away within a week, or for 1-2 days there is profuse vomiting and diarrhea that does not stop with self-medication.

How to tell if food is contaminated

First of all, you need to pay attention to the color, smell and taste of food. Spoiled foods smell unpleasant and have a sour taste. In addition, their consistency may change. One of the signs of product unsuitability is gas bubbles, which is especially noticeable on spoiled liquid food. Mold often appears on spoiled food. When opening canned food, especially homemade and baby food, you need to pay attention to the presence of a characteristic pop when opening the lid. If there was no cotton, then such a product should not be eaten.

It should be noted that you can also be poisoned by products with normal properties and expiration dates. Most often this happens when food is prepared by an infected person in conditions where sanitary standards are not met.

Prevention

To avoid food poisoning, you should not eat spoiled foods or those of which you are not sure of the quality.

It is prohibited to eat products that have expired or were stored or transported inappropriately;
When purchasing dairy products, you should check the integrity of the packaging;
Do not eat unfamiliar foods;
thorough washing of vegetables, fruits, herbs;
thorough washing of dishes and cutlery;
maintaining personal hygiene (washing hands before eating and before preparing food);
high quality heat treatment food products (especially fish and meat);
compliance with the rules for storing food in the refrigerator (separate storage of fresh and cooked meat products, you should not store prepared food for more than 3 days);
control of infection vectors (cockroaches, flies, mice).

Which doctor should I contact?

For severe food poisoning you need to call an ambulance, which will take the patient to the infectious diseases hospital. If necessary, the patient will be examined by a therapist or gastroenterologist.

Gennady Malakhov about food poisoning and methods of treatment:

Food poisoning- a condition requiring immediate attention medical treatment. The sooner the victim receives help, the greater the chance of avoiding the absorption of toxic substances into the blood and, as a result, their negative impact on the body.

Treatment for food poisoning can be done at home, but only in its early stages when the first symptoms appeared. If the condition rapidly worsens and therapeutic measures do not bring positive result, the patient must be urgently taken to the nearest hospital or called an emergency team.

Food poisoning results from eating food that has been contaminated in some way pathogenic microorganisms. For example, when consuming stale, spoiled or dirty products, they most often become the cause of the development of pathology. In addition, poisoning can be caused by non-compliance with sanitary and/or hygienic standards.

Symptoms of food poisoning may occur within 25-35 minutes after they enter the body, but it happens that about a day passes before symptoms appear. As a rule, without treatment, the symptoms of poisoning rapidly progress, and the patient’s condition worsens significantly. Typical food poisoning symptoms are:

painful feeling of nausea;
abundant, frequent vomiting, which contains particles of eaten food, gastric juice;
increased salivation;
diarrhea, characterized by a watery consistency, fetidity, and the content of undigested food particles;
increase in low-grade fever;
chills, fever;
feeling of weakness, dizziness;
functional disorders of the central nervous system.

Symptoms of food poisoning can persist for up to 3 days, with gradual subsidence.

After the patient has eaten a low-quality product, he may suffer for another 7-10 days. painful sensations in the abdomen, severe gas formation, weakness.

First aid

Mild food poisoning may last from several hours to 2-3 days, but it happens that pathogenic microflora, which enters the body along with poor-quality food, leads to the development of more complex forms of pathology. Whatever form of poisoning a person has, treatment at home should be structured as follows:

removal from the body of food that caused the recovery and removal of toxins, gastric lavage;
prevention of dehydration;
restoration of normal intestinal microflora;
following diets to restore the functioning of the digestive system.

What to do if children are poisoned?

When eating, it is very important to take therapeutic measures as soon as possible. The main thing to do is to induce vomiting in the baby by pressing index finger at the root of his tongue. Next, the child needs to drink plenty of warm water. saline solution, which is prepared by diluting 2-3 teaspoons table salt in 200 ml of warm water (boiled!). Alternate the procedure of inducing vomiting and drinking salt water until the baby’s vomit consists only of clear water.

The volume of liquid used for gastric lavage is should not exceed 3 liters!

After gastric lavage has been performed, enterosorbents must be introduced into the body. In the case of young patients, it must be taken into account that not all drugs have effective influence for food poisoning. For example, traditional activated carbon is considered ineffective for children. Besides, this medicine can harm the delicate mucous membrane of the baby's stomach. Coal also has the property of coloring feces black, which can become a significant obstacle in further diagnosis.

In pediatrics, sorbents containing silicon, such as Enterosgel, are most often used.

If food poisoning occurs in a child under 3 years of age, urgent hospitalization is required, regardless of how severe the symptoms are. The body of such young children is susceptible to more rapid development of dehydration, which poses a huge threat to life. In addition, at home it is very difficult to force the baby to drink large amounts of water to avoid dehydration. In a hospital setting similar procedures carried out by intravenous administration special solutions.

When to see a doctor?

Most often, food poisoning can be dealt with without medical intervention. However Hospitalization is mandatory in the following cases:

poisoning in a child under 3 years of age;
poisoning in a woman expecting the birth of a baby;
poisoning in the elderly;
Very frequent diarrhea(more than 10 times);
bloody diarrhea;
an increase in temperature that does not decrease within 48 hours after eating low-quality food;
vomiting that cannot be stopped even with medication medicines;
increasing feeling of weakness, drowsiness;
symptoms of food poisoning persist for more than 3 days.

First aid for poisoning at home

If the patient is conscious, he need to give a lot to drink clean water , then press on the root of the tongue (only for victims over 6 years old!), causing vomiting. Alternation of actions is carried out until clean wash water appears.

After the patient has had his stomach washed, it is very important to give him some kind of sorbent. As a rule, in in case of emergency There is activated carbon on hand, which must be given at the rate of 1 tablet per 10 kg of patient weight. Often used white clay, which must first be diluted in water.

If a person’s condition begins to deteriorate, it is necessary to urgently call an ambulance.

Treatment at home

Step 1. Gastric lavage

The very first thing to do in case of food poisoning is to rinse the stomach. This process helps remove the remains of low-quality products, toxins and their waste products from the body.

For washing, the best solution is a solution of potassium permanganate. The solution should be very weak, you can navigate by the color of the liquid - it should be slightly pink. You need to prepare at least 2 liters of solution and try to drink it, thereby inducing vomiting.

If potassium permanganate is not on hand, you can use water with salt diluted in it.

It is important to remember that the vomiting that accompanies food poisoning is not enough to cleanse the body as much as possible, so artificially inducing vomiting is the most important part treating poisoning at home.

If there is no nausea and vomiting during poisoning, then this phenomenon may indicate that the poisoned product has left the stomach and is now in the intestines. To quickly remove toxins from the body, in this case it is necessary to induce diarrhea. To do this, you can do either a cleansing enema or use any laxatives.

Step 2. Take the sorbent

Sorbents are medicines that help remove toxic microparticles from the body. The most popular among this group of drugs is activated carbon. Coal helps prevent the absorption of toxins, metal salts, alkaloids, etc. into the gastrointestinal tract, and also promotes their natural elimination from the body.

For food poisoning, activated carbon is taken 1 tablet per 10 kg of body weight. In other words, if the victim’s weight is 6 kg, then he needs to take at least 6 tablets of the drug. Experts advise taking charcoal in the form of an aqueous suspension. It is very simple to do - you need to crush the required number of tablets and dilute them in 100 ml of boiled water.

Step 3: Drink as much water as possible

Vomiting and diarrhea, which are common symptoms of food poisoning, lead to dehydration. In order to avoid possible negative consequences Rehydration requires replenishing fluid reserves. Experts recommend drinking at least 2.5 liters per day. It is best to salt the water a little or take special solutions medicines, such as Regidron, Oralit, etc.

Step 5. Start restoring the intestinal microflora.

After vomiting completely stops, it is very important to start taking medications that restore intestinal microflora.

Step 6. Follow your diet and diet.

In the first day after poisoning, when the symptoms are pronounced, the patient is advised to stay in bed and refuse to eat any food except water.

The next day you can eat a little jelly, crackers made from wheat bread without any additives. Liquid mashed potatoes or oatmeal, prepared in water, are also allowed.

Medicines

Antidiarrheal drug based on herbal components. Available in the form of syrup and capsules, it has anti-inflammatory, adsorbent, antimicrobial effect, and is also a moderate antispasmodic.

Contraindications:

insufficiency of kidney/liver function;
inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
intestinal obstruction;
diarrhea caused by infections;
During pregnancy and breastfeeding;
children under 12 years of age;
severe dehydration.

The price of the drug is 120-190 rubles.

An antidiarrheal drug that has antiprotozoal, antimicrobial, antifungal effects.

Contraindications:

hypersensitivity to components;
insufficiency of kidney function;
children under 6 years of age.

The price of the medicine varies between 420-460 rubles.

Enterosorbent, prescribed for various intoxications, intestinal infections, hyperbilirubinemia, hyperazotemia. Available in the form of a powder intended for the preparation of a suspension.

Contraindications:

stomach and/or duodenal ulcer;
intestinal atony;
bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract;
intolerance to the components of the drug.

The price of enterosorbent is 115-130 rubles.

Enterosorbent, produced in the form of a paste.

Contraindications:

drug intolerance;
intestinal atony.

The price of the drug is 320-400 rubles.

A drug that regulates the balance of intestinal microflora.

Contraindications:

intolerance to the components of the drug;
intolerance to dairy products.

The price is 240-260 rubles.

A drug used to rehydrate the body. It is also used to remove toxins.

Contraindications:

functional kidney disorders;
diabetes;
unconscious state;
intestinal obstruction;
hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.

The price varies between 32-40 rubles for 1 sachet package.

Traditional treatment

Cinnamon infusion

15 g ground cinnamon pour 1 liter of boiling water, stir and let steep for 15-20 minutes. Strain, take orally in small sips throughout the day. The infusion combats attacks of nausea.

Ginger tea

1 tsp grated ginger root, pour 250 ml of hot (not boiling water) water and leave for 5 minutes. Add sugar or honey to taste, drink after meals at lunch, in the evening, at night. The product helps fight nausea.

Dill decoction + honey

Dill seeds in the amount of 1 tsp. pour 350 ml of boiling water and leave for 5 minutes. Pour the infusion into a deep bowl, put on fire and boil for 2-30 minutes. Strain, dilute 1 tsp. honey Take 1 liter of this product in small sips for 24 hours.

The acid contained in lemon promotes the death of bacteria that led to poisoning. Mix freshly squeezed juice of 1/2 lemon with 1 tsp. honey and consume internally. Take every 8-12 hours. You can also dilute lemon juice with a little water.

Important: this recipe is contraindicated in patients with any increased acidity stomach.

Yarrow + wormwood

Pour 1 teaspoon of a dry mixture of yarrow and wormwood (1:1) into 500 liters of boiling water and leave for 15-25 minutes. Strain the infusion, squeeze it out and take it orally for 24 hours, 100 ml at a time.

Cumin seeds cope very effectively with the inflammatory process in the stomach, which develops after the symptoms of food poisoning appear. For treatment you need 1 tbsp. l. crush the seeds and swallow with 250 ml of warm water.

Althea

Grind the roots of the plant and 1 tsp. Pour 100 ml of boiling water over the resulting slurry. Leave for 25-30 minutes, strain, add honey and take 1 tbsp. l. 3-4 times a day.

20 tbsp. l. dry marshmallow leaves and flowers, pour 400 ml of boiling water, leave for 4 hours. Take 100-120 ml orally 3 times a day.

Even more folk recipes in the video below

What should you not do if you are poisoned?

induce vomiting in an unconscious person;
induce vomiting in a woman expecting the birth of a child;
induce vomiting in a person with heart disease;
treat a patient with carbonated water.

Diet after food poisoning

During the first few days after poisoning, it is not recommended to eat fatty and fried foods. It is important to refuse during the period of treatment and recovery.

milk;
flour and flour products;
alcohol.

During the treatment period, steamed or boiled meat products are allowed. You can also eat rice and potatoes.

Among liquids, it is allowed to drink rosehip decoction, green tea, and chamomile infusion.

Prevention

Compliance with temperature standards when storing food.
Eating only familiar plants and mushrooms.
Preliminary heat treatment of homemade dairy products.
Boiling tap water for drinking.
Compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards when preparing food.
Eating only fresh foods.
Eating finished products, which were stored no longer than 3 days (even in the refrigerator).

Food poisoning is a condition that poses a threat not only to health, but also to human life. It can be treated at home, but you should listen to your body and, if your health worsens, seek the advice of an experienced doctor.

Intoxication due to consumption of low-quality food, overuse alcohol and medication overdose requires immediate assistance. Medicines for poisoning will help relieve the main syndromes, prevent the development of complications and improve your well-being.

Suitable medications will help you cope with poisoning

The effectiveness of drugs in case of poisoning

If signs of poisoning with food, alcohol, or medications appear, it is necessary to urgently take measures to eliminate the symptoms of intoxication in order to avoid the development of severe complications.

How do anti-poisoning drugs work:

prevent dehydration, restore water-salt balance;
help cope with vomiting, heartburn and diarrhea;
eliminate pain and spasms;
improve the process of digesting food;
remove toxic and poisonous substances from the body;
restore the balance of intestinal microflora.

In children, pregnant women and the elderly, poisoning is severe and often develops dangerous consequences, since recovery takes longer.

Medicines for poisoning

Used in the treatment of poisoning A complex approach, it is imperative to take sorbents and means to prevent dehydration; the choice of other medications depends on the symptoms that accompany intoxication.

Drugs to prevent dehydration

Rehydrants are indispensable medicines for any type of poisoning; they prevent the development of dehydration and replenish the deficiency of salts and minerals in the body.

Regidron is a powder with a high content of sodium compounds, best drug to prevent and eliminate dehydration in adults and children. The contents of one sachet must be dissolved in 500 ml of water, the total amount of solution is calculated taking into account the person’s weight - 10 ml/kg, this volume must be drunk in small sips within the first hour after poisoning. Then the dosage can be reduced to 5 ml/kg. Contraindications – renal failure, intestinal obstruction, cholera diarrhea. average cost– 400–430 rub.

Regidron is suitable for children and adults

To treat children, the contents of 1 sachet should be dissolved in 1 liter warm water, give the child the solution to drink after each bowel movement with liquid feces. The medicine can be stored in the refrigerator for 24 hours.

Adsorbents

Sorbents are first aid for any type of poisoning, they help quick cleansing body from toxins, poisons, bacteria. After taking it, the number of vomiting decreases, and there is a slight decrease in temperature, which often occurs during intoxication.

List of effective adsorbents:

Activated carbon is a drug capable of absorbing more than 220 different toxins, which allows it to be used in various forms of mass poisoning and is safe for childhood intoxication. To begin with, you need to take 20 tablets one time, then take 10 pills every 2–3 hours for 3–5 days. Contraindications - intake antibacterial drugs, stomach and duodenal ulcers. Possible side effects– diarrhea, constipation, stool becomes black. Price – 60–70 rubles.
Smecta is a good sorbent of natural origin with an enveloping effect, suitable for treating children, several times more effective activated carbon. The contents of 1 sachet must be dissolved in 100 ml of water and drunk every 6–8 hours for five days. It should not be taken if there is constipation or intestinal obstruction; during treatment, flatulence and vomiting sometimes occur. Price – 150–160 rubles.
Polyphepan is a wood-based sorbent that effectively removes chemical and toxic irritants. The daily dose is calculated taking into account the person’s weight, the severity of poisoning - 0.5–1 g/kg, it should be divided into 3–4 parts, the required amount should be dissolved in 100 ml of water immediately before use. Duration of treatment is 3–5 days. Contraindications: gastritis, tendency to constipation; allergic reactions may occur during treatment. Price – 75–80 rub.

Activated carbon should not be given if poisoning with iron-based drugs is suspected - instead of the adsorbent, you should drink milk or 1-2 raw proteins.

Polyphepan - natural sorbent

Enzymes

Medicines from the group of enzymes help against food poisoning, and with alcohol intoxication - they reduce the load on the pancreas.

Mezim – protects the walls of the stomach from negative effects of hydrochloric acid, accelerates the process of digestion of food, eliminates the symptoms of intestinal infections. Adults and children over three years of age take 1-2 tablets with meals with plenty of water. Contraindications – pancreatitis, increased sensitivity to the active ingredients of the medicine, intestinal obstruction. Possible adverse reactions - bronchospasm, increased lacrimation, skin rashes, nausea, diarrhea, pain in the epigastric region. Average cost – 190–220 rubles.

Mezim is an effective remedy for poisoning

Festal – effective drug, contains a set of active enzymes, but it can only be taken once, otherwise the pancreas may malfunction. Dosage – 1-2 tablets three times a day after meals for 5-7 days. Contraindications – hepatitis, pancreatitis, tendency to diarrhea, presence of stones in gallbladder, intestinal obstruction. During treatment may appear allergic reactions and dyspeptic disorders. Price – 260–330 rub.

In case of poisoning to eliminate pain syndrome You should not take non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - Analgin, Nimesil, they have an irritating effect on the gastric mucosa, which only aggravates the symptoms of intoxication.

Medicines for poisoning and vomiting

Vomiting is a protective reflex, as the body tries to quickly get rid of toxic substances. But when severe poisoning food or alcohol attacks can be frequent, profuse and uncontrollable, so it is necessary to take antiemetics and medications to slow down peristalsis.

Cerucal is an effective antiemetic drug. You should take the medicine half an hour before meals, 1-2 tablets three times a day. The medicine is not prescribed for bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, intestinal atony, peptic ulcer, biliary dyskinesia, tendency to flatulence. Possible adverse reactions are drowsiness, thirst, dizziness. Price – 120–130 rubles.

Domrid - effectively fights nausea and vomiting, eliminates heartburn and abdominal pain, available in tablets for adults and as a children's suspension. The drug should be taken 3-4 times a day, the dosage for a child under 12 years old is 0.25 ml/kg, over 12 years old – 10 ml, adults should take 1 tablet. Duration of treatment – 2 days.

Domrid relieves nausea and vomiting

Contraindications – renal and hepatic pathologies, pituitary tumors, heart failure, intestinal obstruction, gastrointestinal bleeding. Possible adverse reactions - allergies, psycho-emotional disorders, extreme thirst, convulsions, swelling, disorders heart rate, malfunctions digestive system. Average cost – 100–130 rubles.

You should not induce vomiting if you suspect poisoning with alkali, acids, kerosene, gasoline, if more than half an hour has passed after taking an increased dose of medications.

Antispasmodics

Any poisoning is accompanied by pain, colic in the abdomen - antispasmodics help to quickly eliminate unpleasant symptoms due to relaxation of smooth muscles.

List of drugs:

– the medicine acts quickly and has a minimum number of contraindications. Adult dosage– 3–6 tablets per day, the medicine should be taken in 2–3 doses, children under 12 years old can take a tablet in the morning and evening, over 12 years old – 2 pills every 12 hours. Duration of therapy – 2 days. The drug is not prescribed for problems with the absorption of lactose, galactose, low cardiac output, severe pathologies of the kidneys and liver. During treatment there may be a decrease arterial parameters, heart rhythm disturbances, migraines, deterioration in sleep quality. Price – 180–220 rub.
Platiphylline – eliminates spasms, has a mild sedative effect. Take 1 tablet every 8–12 hours. Contraindications – ischemia, glaucoma, disorders of the thyroid gland, heart, kidneys, liver. Adverse reactions– thirst, urinary retention, headache, dilated pupils, tachycardia. Price – 70–80 rubles.
Papaverine – inexpensive medicine, which can be used to treat babies older than six months. The frequency of administration for adults and children is the same - 3-4 times a day. Single dosage for children under four years old – 0.005–1 g, over 5 years old – 0.01–0.02 g, for adults – 0.04–0.08 g. Contraindications – glaucoma, liver dysfunction, advanced age, recent cranial brain injury, benign hyperplasia prostate gland. During treatment, blood counts may decrease, drowsiness, allergies, and constipation may occur. Bloating. The average cost is 70–80 rubles.

Painkillers should be taken with caution - the symptoms of poisoning are similar to an attack of appendicitis, any medications are lubricated clinical picture, which greatly complicates diagnosis.

Papaverine can be given to children older than six months

Antibacterial drugs

Antibiotics must be taken for intestinal infections that develop against the background active growth pathogenic bacteria. Medicines are prescribed if poisoning and diarrhea are accompanied high temperature, there are blood impurities in the stool, vomiting attacks are repeated more than 10 times a day. During treatment it is strictly forbidden to take alcoholic drinks because they reduce susceptibility pathogens To active components medicines.

Names of antibacterial drugs:

Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic from the fluoroquinol group. In case of poisoning, you should take 500–1000 mg per day, the dose should be divided into 2 doses, take the medicine in the morning and in the evening. Duration of treatment is 5–15 days. Contraindications – pregnancy, period breastfeeding, serious illnesses kidneys and liver. Possible negative reactions – increased drowsiness and fatigue, tremors of extremities, migraine, dizziness. Price – 40–80 rub.
Rifaximin is an antibiotic wide range action, is almost completely absorbed in the intestine, penetrates into the general bloodstream in minimal quantities, and is produced in tablets and suspension form. For children aged 2–6 years, the dosage is 0.2 g of suspension 2–3 times a day, for 6–12 years – 0.4 g twice a day, for adults – 0.6 g once every 8 hours. Duration of therapy is 5–7 days. Contraindications – intestinal obstruction, ulcer. Adverse reactions – nausea, colic, allergies. Price – 670–700 rub.
Nifuroxazide is a medicine effective for various intestinal infections, does not cause dysbacteriosis, can be used to treat children older than two months. The dosage of the suspension for infants up to six months is 2.5 ml in the morning and evening, up to six years - 5 ml every 8 hours, over 7 years - 5 ml every 6 hours. In tablet form, the drug can be given to children over 6 years of age, 2 pills 4 times a day. Duration of treatment is 7–10 days. The drug has no contraindications, with the exception of individual intolerance. Adverse reactions such as abdominal pain and nausea are rare. Price – 250–300 rub.

Nifuroxazide is an antibacterial agent

During treatment with antibiotics, it is necessary to take probiotics - Linex, Bifiform. These same drugs should be taken as the final stage of therapy for any form of poisoning to restore the balance of intestinal microflora.

If poisoning is accompanied by diarrhea, doctors do not recommend starting treatment immediately. antidiarrheal drugs so as not to interfere with the body’s cleansing of toxic substances. You should start drinking fasting agents 48 after the first signs of intoxication appear.

Features of the treatment of alcohol poisoning

In case of severe intoxication with alcoholic drinks, in addition to sorbents, medications against vomiting, and dehydration, it is necessary to take drugs of the symptomatic group.

List of medications for alcohol intoxication:

Zorex – eliminates alcohol breakdown products, restores liver cells, and has a powerful antioxidant effect. Take 1-3 capsules 3 times a day for 2-4 days. The main contraindications are renal and hepatic pathologies in the stage of decompensation, age under 18 years, individual intolerance to the drug. During treatment, short-term allergic reactions may occur. Average price – 410–450 rubles.
Biotredin – improves metabolic processes, normalizes brain activity, quickly eliminates symptoms acute poisoning. On the first day, take 4 tablets every 6 hours, then you can reduce the dosage to two pills three times a day. The medicine should not be taken directly during the stage alcohol intoxication, the drug is incompatible with antidepressants and antipsychotics. Possible side effects: dizziness, increased sweating, allergies. Price – 120–140 rubles.
Limontar – tablets based on lemon and succinic acid, normalize metabolic processes, have a high antioxidant effect, and improve appetite. To eliminate the manifestations of alcohol poisoning, you need to drink one tablet every 2–2.5 hours. First, the drug must be crushed into powder, add soda on the tip of a knife, and dissolve the mixture in water or juice. The medicine should not be taken if you have glaucoma, angina pectoris, increased blood pressure, ischemia, during exacerbation of peptic ulcer. Adverse reactions - jumps in arterial parameters, discomfort in the epigastric region. Price – 120–140 rubles.

Treatment of any type of poisoning will be more effective if you first rinse the stomach well with a weak solution of potassium permanganate - 2-3 crystals per 1 liter of water.

Limontar quickly treats alcohol poisoning

Folk remedies for poisoning

Recipes alternative medicine They are safe and accessible, act effectively and quickly against various types of poisoning.

The best folk recipes against poisoning:

A decoction of oak bark will help relieve signs of acute poisoning - pour 250 ml of 3 tbsp. l. crushed raw materials, cook over low heat for 20 minutes, cool, strain. Drink 30 ml 3-4 times a day.
Rice water - the best remedy for the treatment of any type of poisoning, has an enveloping effect, destroys pathogens of infectious diarrhea. Bring 400 ml of water to a boil, add 2 tbsp. l. grains, cook over low heat for 45 minutes, stir occasionally. Cool, you don’t have to strain the solution, drink 55–70 ml every 6 hours.
When the first signs of poisoning appear, add 0.5 tsp to 250 ml of boiling water. cinnamon powder, strain after a quarter of an hour. During the day you need to drink 1 liter of the drink, it eliminates spasms well and is a natural sorbent.
To eliminate vomiting, abdominal pain, and cleanse toxins, you need 1 tsp. dill seed, brew 300 ml of boiling water, leave in a closed container for 2-3 minutes, simmer over low heat for another 2 minutes. Cool, strain, add 5 ml of honey. Drink 1–1.5 liters of the drink in small portions throughout the day.
In case of poisoning with petroleum-based solutions, stir 6 raw yolks in 500 ml of water and drink the drink in small sips.

A decoction of dill seed cleanses the body of toxins

With medicinal and alcohol poisoning must be put cold compress on the forehead to reduce the likelihood of penetration toxic substances in brain tissue.

When the stomach is poisoned, dehydration often occurs and severe disturbances in the functioning of the digestive system develop. Timely therapy with the help of medications and folk remedies will help avoid the development of complications; we should not forget about proper nutrition And healthy way life.

What is food poisoning?

Food poisoning is a disease that can affect anyone, regardless of gender or age. Most often, the problem is associated with consuming dirty or stale foods and drinks. If food products stored in case of non-compliance sanitary requirements, that is, there is every chance for the development of bacteria and other pathogens in them.

By consuming food that contains germs or bacteria, you expose yourself to the risk of infection. Light form The disease is quite easy to treat. There are many home remedies for this. Sometimes contaminated food can cause problems in your stomach and intestines, resulting in a medical emergency.

It has been proven that 1 in 6 people gets poisoned after eating stale food. Bacteria or germs contribute to diarrhea and vomiting. These symptoms are the two main signs that characterize food poisoning. You can also sometimes get food poisoning from chemicals, but this is a fairly rare occurrence.

Signs and symptoms of food poisoning

Symptoms of food poisoning depend on the type of contaminant that causes food poisoning, as well as the amount of food eaten. Signs and symptoms may develop slowly in humans. In some cases, poisoning becomes noticeable within an hour, and sometimes it can even happen after a few days. There are some symptoms that only become apparent after a few weeks.

Causes of food poisoning

Basically, a person suffers from food poisoning if he consumes contaminated water or food. Food poisoning can occur at any stage: during production or collection, during processing, and also during storage. The product may be already contaminated if it is stored or produced under unsanitary conditions. Bacteria, viruses and others harmful microorganisms, causing infection, lead to mild to severe food poisoning.

Symptoms

The most common symptoms of food poisoning include:

nausea;
vomit;
diarrhea;
dehydration of the body;
abdominal pain;
headache;
fever;
itching and discomfort in the facial area;
blood in the stool.

Bacteria

There are many bacteria that cause food poisoning. The disease can also be caused by the toxins they secrete. The most common types of bacteria include: bacteria E.coli, Clostridium, salmonella And shigella. Easily susceptible to infection by similar microorganisms following products food: eggs, dairy products, custard, fish, raw and processed meats, cream, contaminated water.

Symptoms

Symptoms of bacterial poisoning:

Symptoms

Viruses

There are several viruses that can cause food poisoning. Noroviruses can be found in raw meat and unprocessed seafood.

Symptoms

Symptoms of viral poisoning:

Allergens

There are several food allergens which may cause an inappropriate reaction immune system body. Some products contain allergens. For example, milk, eggs, cheese, seafood or mushrooms can cause an allergic reaction in a person.

Toxins and harmful nutrients

Food or chemical toxins can also cause infection.

Mushrooms and toadstools

There are many types of mushrooms and toadstools that cause food poisoning. Muscarine may have a negative impact on nervous system, in some cases can even cause partial or complete paralysis.

Symptoms

Mushroom poisoning is accompanied by the following symptoms:

Insecticides

Insecticides that are sprayed on vegetables and fruits during their growing process also contain many toxic substances. Once in the body, they lead to food poisoning. Therefore, to minimize the risk of insecticides entering the body, it is necessary to thoroughly wash vegetables before consumption.

Seafood

Shrimp, mussels, oysters, clams and scallops can cause poisoning in humans if they are poorly cleaned or cooked without careful processing. These mollusks produce saxitoxin which is responsible for causing food poisoning.

Symptoms

The following symptoms may occur with seafood poisoning:

fever;
headache and itching;
skin rashes;
pain in the area abdominal cavity arising due to pressure on the stomach and intestines.

Other sources

In addition, there are other sources that cause food poisoning:

berries and flowers;
lead and acids used in the manufacture of ceramic tableware;
cadmium from food trays;
overripe tubers;
botulism.

When is medical help needed?

It is very important to seek medical help in the following cases:

nausea, vomiting, fever or diarrhea lasts for 2-3 days;
if symptoms are noted in a child under 3 years of age;
if other family members who consumed the same foods are also sick;
the condition does not improve even after taking it large quantity liquids for 2-3 days;
if the patient cannot take medications due to vomiting;
during pregnancy.

If you are suffering from mild bouts of nausea, fever or diarrhea, then you can try some of the most common home remedies to combat food poisoning.

The most effective home remedies for food poisoning

Food poisoning is painful condition which cannot be ignored. If you experience mild diarrhea, nausea or vomiting, then you can use some home remedies to relieve the problem.

Ginger is the best home remedy, which is always on hand if you have digestive problems. All you need to do is mix a few drops of ginger juice with a spoon of honey. After acceptance the pain will go away in the stomach, will decrease inflammatory process.

Basil leaves are an excellent remedy for treating throat and stomach problems. It is necessary to squeeze and strain the juice from several basil leaves and add a tablespoon of honey. After 2-3 hours you will feel relief.

One of the most famous home remedies that are effective in combating the negative effects of bacteria is lemon juice. Its acid has antimicrobial properties. You need to squeeze the juice of 1 or 2 lemons into a small bowl and add a pinch of sugar. You can drink it as a regular drink. You can also add a few drops of lemon juice to a cup of black tea.

To get rid of stomach cramps and relieve inflammation, you can add cumin seeds to the soup or simply boil them in water.

Bananas are a rich source of potassium, which works wonders in your stomach. It relieves inflammation and reduces painful sensations. You need to make mashed bananas and apples. This will help cope with food poisoning.

Peppermint leaves are used for more than just aromatherapy. They have many healing properties. Mint is considered one of the best home remedies for food poisoning accompanied by mild stomach cramps. You need to add a few drops of mint juice, squeezed from the leaves, to black tea. After a few hours you will feel relief. Mint leaves have a calming effect.

If you are suffering from food poisoning, it is very important to ensure water balance in the body, because diarrhea is usually accompanied by a large loss of fluid. Therefore, you need to drink a lot of water to ensure the required level of hydration. In addition, water will help get rid of toxins and bacteria, helping the body recover after poisoning.

Activated carbon absorbs all harmful substances and gases that affect negative impact on the gastric mucosa. After consumption, stomach cramps are noticeably reduced.

Vinegar has alkaline properties. Apple vinegar soothes the gastric mucosa. He will contribute speedy recovery after food poisoning. When consumed, it creates an aura inside the stomach in which it is difficult for bacteria to multiply.

Apples are an effective remedy for heartburn. These fruits produce enzymes that inhibit the growth of bacteria in the stomach. They will help you easily cope with abdominal pain and diarrhea.

Tulsi leaves have excellent healing properties. As you know, they are used in the treatment of stomach ulcers, as well as to relieve abdominal pain. To stop vomiting, you need to chew these cardamom leaves. You can also prepare one teaspoon of Tulsi juice, mix it with cardamom powder, add a pinch of clove powder and mix well. This mixture will help cope with vomiting.

Soda drinks with lemon or mint extract reduce stomach cramps. This will help ease general state and relieve pain.

Slowly return to your normal diet

Once you have overcome the problem of food poisoning, you need to return to normal eating in stages. To begin with, it is better to eat foods that are easily digestible. These include crackers, bananas, rice and toast. After a few days you will be able to switch to other products.

Foods you should not eat if you have food poisoning

If mild or moderate symptoms of poisoning occur, it is not recommended to consume alcohol, sugar, dairy and fatty foods. You should also quit smoking. In this case, soft fruits, soup, broth, fruit juices and vegetables.

Diet "BRAT"

One of the good known means for people with poor digestion is the BRAT diet. The diet includes toast, rice and bananas. While following the diet, you can also eat crackers, potatoes and carrots.

Herbs

There are many types of herbs that help fight food poisoning. Most popular in home cooking are: licorice, Asian ginseng, chamomile, Oregon grape, cinnamon, peony root, barberry.

Do you think that it is difficult to overcome the pain of food poisoning? Then check out the popular home remedies above that work wonders on the human body to help reduce the symptoms of food poisoning.