The main symptoms of lumbar intervertebral hernia. Herniated discs of the lumbar spine: causes, symptoms, treatment methods

Intervertebral hernia is a degenerative disease intervertebral disc, characterized by a violation of its integrity and structure.

The lumbar spine consists of five vertebrae, between which there are intervertebral discs that act as shock absorbers. Normally, the intervertebral disc consists of a nucleus pulposus of liquid consistency, surrounded by a fibrous ring, and the disc is covered above and below by endplates.

With excessive axial load on the spine, significant pressure occurs on the intervertebral discs in the lumbar region.

Most often, such problems arise when:

• lifting weights;
• excessive weight;
• long walk.

Because of this, microtraumas and damage are formed in the intervertebral discs, which have the ability to self-heal if tissue regeneration processes proceed at a good level.

Photo: CT scan for spinal hernia lumbar region

With age, the ability to regenerate decreases, and with sudden movement, lifting a load or injury, the fibrous ring ruptures, followed by protrusion of the nucleus pulposus of the disc to the back or side, squeezing the roots spinal cord.

This bulging is called an intervertebral hernia. In this regard, there are various symptoms, such as pain in the area of ​​​​the projection of the damaged disc, radiating to the buttock and spreading along the back and outer side of the leg on the affected side. But pain is not the worst symptom!

It is dangerous when the pain goes away and weakness appears in the lower extremities, impaired sensitivity, tingling, impaired bowel movements, urination, and decreased potency. This indicates that irreversible changes have begun in the compressed roots.

Treatment methods

There are two main methods of treating hernia vertebral region lumbar spine:

• conservative (includes medications, physiotherapy, massage);
• surgical.

Some highlight separately traditional methods treatment. In this section we will look at each of the treatment methods in more detail.

Folk remedies

Treatment of lumbar intervertebral hernia with folk remedies, to some extent, can be classified as methods of conservative therapy. Its goal is to relieve swelling of the spinal cord roots and relieve pain.

• Most wide application received beekeeping products.
• Also popular are compresses made from the herb cinquefoil, which has good anti-inflammatory properties and relieves swelling and pain.
• Compresses made from horse fat and rubbing with fir oil have similar properties.

But such treatment methods can only temporarily relieve pain, but not eliminate the main problem.

Honey is used for massage and rubbing in the affected area, bee venom relieves inflammation, and royal jelly strengthens the body's general protective reserves.

Removal operation

Surgery for a herniated disc is a treatment method that directly eliminates the cause itself. The indication for it is serious neurological symptoms associated with dysfunction of the pelvic organs and weakness and decreased sensitivity in the extremities.

The operation consists of removing the hernia and part of the affected disc, replacing this part with an implant and installing a special fixation system on the vertebrae for a stabilizing effect.

Nowadays, when performing surgical interventions, doctors try to use innovative technologies, which can significantly reduce the rehabilitation period; the scars after them are invisible, since the size of the incision is minimal.

Another method is endoscopic hernia removal. The incision for such an operation is only 2 - 2.5 cm, the risk of relapses and complications is very small, and patients can get up and walk almost immediately after the operation. However, the method is new and not fully developed; in addition, there are restrictions on the location of the hernia and its size.

Standard modern treatment- microdiscectomy. It is performed using special optical equipment under multiple magnification, the incision is only 3-4 cm.

Photo: transfacet hernia removal

Treatment without surgery

Most often, lumbar disc herniation is treated without surgery. After it, improvement occurs in 70-80% of patients. Methods conservative treatment set themselves such tasks as relieving root swelling, pain, neurological symptoms, and preventing or reducing the frequency of relapses.

Except drug therapy The following methods are widely used:

• physiotherapy;
• massage;
• physiotherapy.

They are aimed at strengthening the back muscles. Traction methods of treatment using skeletal traction are also used.

The spine is stretched, as it were, and compression of the roots by the affected disc is removed. But all these methods require lifestyle changes, limiting sudden movements and lifting weights up to 2-3 kg.

Conservative therapy includes the prescription of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs, muscle relaxants, and therapeutic blockades.

Laser

Laser vaporization is one of the modern methods of treating intervertebral hernias. It consists of heating the disc with a laser, thus removing water from it, reducing swelling and the volume of hernial protrusion, and pain and neurological symptoms go away.

The rehabilitation period is no more than a month. In addition, this technique has a number of contraindications:

• history of spinal surgery
• spondylolisthesis
• narrowing of the spinal canal
• spondyloarthritis
• disc extrusion with compression of the nerve roots.

But it is important to remember that on your own degenerative changes in the intervertebral disc do not go anywhere, therefore, the risk of relapse cannot be excluded.

Rehabilitation

Rehabilitation after surgery to remove a herniated disc requires a serious approach. The patient cannot sit for 3 months and needs to wear a corset; at first it is worn constantly, then 3 hours a day is sufficient. One more important method in rehabilitation is exercise therapy.

Photo: physical therapy after removal of a herniated disc

Gymnastics begins 1 day after surgery. It includes flexion-extension movements in the knees, circular rotation in ankle joints, pulling the legs towards the stomach. During your life, you also need to remember about therapeutic exercises, do push-ups and shallow squats every day; Cycling and swimming will also strengthen your back muscles.

FAQ

How painful is it to treat a lumbar hernia?

Surgical treatment It is always performed under anesthesia, thus eliminating any pain. Pain can only occur in postoperative period, but this is completely normal.

How long does treatment last?

To relieve pain syndrome in a conservative way sometimes a few days are enough, but sometimes it takes months. Surgical treatment only includes the time of the operation and subsequent rehabilitation, which takes up to 3 months.

Is it possible to do without surgery?

If the hernia is not accompanied by impaired sensitivity and weakness in the lower extremities, disorders of defecation, urination, and potency, then you can do without surgery. Otherwise, surgery is necessary.

Is treating a hernia effective with conservative methods?

If, with the help of conservative therapy, it is possible to relieve symptoms and prevent or reduce the frequency of relapses, then it can be considered effective. But the underlying cause of the disease will not be eliminated.

An intervertebral hernia is a displacement of one of the discs that has undergone deformation due to any negative factors. This defect can develop in any part of the spinal column (thoracic, cervical), but most often it is localized in the lumbar region.

Most often, this disease is diagnosed in the stronger sex between the ages of thirty and fifty, but it can also occur in younger people, including women, and is a rather dangerous condition that requires prompt treatment.

The spine is the core that supports the human body throughout life, and most of body weight and loads fall specifically on the lower back. The spinal column consists of 33 vertebrae, five of which are located in the lumbar region. They are separated by discs consisting of fibrous rings with a gelatinous substance in the center. Intervertebral discs act as a kind of shock absorbers that soften the loads on neighboring vertebrae.

With age, as a result of poor lifestyle or injury, the surface of the discs becomes deformed, dries out and cracks. At the first stage, these microtraumas do not cause much discomfort, but at a certain point the fibrous tissue ruptures and the substance that is inside spills out and compresses the nerve roots, as well as the brain stem. This is exactly how the development of an intervertebral hernia occurs, which initially also does not cause a person special problems, but later the situation can become very difficult.

Why does a lumbar hernia develop?

There are several reasons that can cause deformation intervertebral discs, and subsequently a hernia.

1. Great physical activity. This list includes not only heavy lifting, but also sharp bends, turns, etc. It is due to these factors that lumbar disc herniation is diagnosed in people who are actively involved in sports.
2. Spinal diseases. This list includes scoliosis, osteochondrosis and other similar diseases that lead to curvature of the spinal column and affect the cartilage and fibrous tissue of the spine.
3. Birth defects musculoskeletal system. Key reason hernia is dysplasia hip joints– the disease leads to improper distribution of the load on the spinal column, as a result of which the discs begin to deform.
4. Spinal injuries. Quite often, a herniated disc develops as a result of falls and blows, as well as in victims of car accidents, who often receive very serious and complex spinal injuries.
5. Metabolic disease. As with any other organ, the health of the spine largely depends on correct exchange substances and sufficient amounts of essential microelements.

In addition, there are a number of factors that can contribute to the development of the disease:

• obesity, overweight;
• unhealthy lifestyle (poor diet, smoking);
• physical inactivity (insufficient physical activity);
• some types professional activity(loaders, office workers, drivers);
• elderly age;
• genetic predisposition;
• frequent infections and hypothermia.

Unfortunately, some of the above risk factors cannot be completely eliminated, so a person needs to pay attention Special attention health of the spine and musculoskeletal system in general.

Video - Everything you wanted to know about intervertebral hernia

Symptoms of the disease

Symptoms of a lumbar hernia are progressive, increasing in nature and are conventionally divided into three stages.

Painful sensations

Pain is the primary and key symptom of the disease, which accompanies the patient all the time. The pain syndrome can increase or decrease, change in nature and location, and also occur in combination with other symptoms. In the initial stages, when the lesion is still small, the person feels pain in the lumbar region– where the deformed disc is located. They wear aching, stupid character, intensify with stress and excessive activity, with prolonged sitting in one position and weaken in a horizontal position. This course of the disease can last for several months or years, periodically exacerbating and subsiding.

It should be noted that at this stage the disease does not require any special treatment– a person just needs to change his way of life, do light exercises and avoid bad habits.

As the area of ​​the disc lesion increases, the roots and spinal membrane are pinched, and the pain syndrome begins to intensify. Pain is felt when moving the neck, lifting the legs, or palpating certain areas. Its nature also changes - the sensations become aching, shooting, and their localization depends on which parts of the spinal column have undergone deformation: discomfort can be noted in the buttocks, thighs, legs, different parts of the feet, or even in thumbs. Discomfort increases with any movement, including coughing, sneezing, and hiccups.

Spinal syndrome

The second stage of hernia development is characterized by permanent spasm of the spinal and lumbar muscles, due to which the pain syndrome intensifies. The patient's movements become constrained, the person cannot fully straighten his back, begins to stoop, and develops a characteristic gait with the torso skewed to the healthy side. Coordination of movements and stability when walking is impaired.

Radicular syndrome

If a person does not receive adequate treatment, the manifestations of the disease lead to compression of the spinal cord roots, as a result of which they die, and the nutrition and blood circulation of the tissues deteriorate. At this stage, specific signs characteristic of lumbar hernia.

1. Weakness and hypotonicity of the muscles of the lower extremities appear. A person is unable to sit down, it is difficult for him to walk up stairs, stand on his toes and jump.
2. The leg muscles atrophy, and over time this becomes noticeable - the limb becomes thin, weakens and performs its functions very poorly. The gluteal fold disappears, and the figure becomes asymmetrical.
3. At the site of the lesion, the sensitivity of the skin and soft tissues is impaired - the patient feels tingling, goosebumps, numbness, a feeling of chilliness, the skin is dry and flaky or, conversely, sweats often and too much.
4. Impaired functioning of the pelvic organs - patients experience urinary and fecal incontinence, male patients have decreased potency, and women begin to suffer from gynecological diseases.
5. IN advanced cases people become constrained in their movements, partial or complete paralysis is possible, and sometimes complete disability and even conditions that are incompatible with life.

Often, over time, intervertebral hernia is accompanied by other pathological conditions - for example, shooting in the lower back (lumbago). They are characterized by acute, sharp pain, aggravated by the slightest movements, and subsequently disruption of the hip and knee joints.

In general, the symptoms of a lumbar intervertebral hernia depend on which of the five vertebrae has undergone deformation - experts designate them with Latin letters and numbers (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5).

Disc designation	Area of ​​pain and sensitivity disorders	Numb zone	Area of ​​muscle weakness and partial paralysis	Reflex disorders
L3-L4	Front of thigh, back of calf	The inner thigh and areas next to it, inner part shins and feet	Quadriceps femoris	Knee reflex
L4-L5	The pain syndrome extends along the outer part of the thigh and lower leg, to the dorsum of the foot towards the big toe	Outer part of the shin thumb legs	Most often the big toe (flexion function is lost), less often the foot	Reflexes are fully preserved
L5-S1 (lumbosacral junction)	Pain runs down the back of the thigh and lower leg towards the foot and toes	Outer shins, edges of feet, toes	Calf muscle, sometimes foot muscles	Achilles reflex

Diagnosis of lumbar hernia

Diagnostic measures for this disease include examination by a neurologist and special studies, including radiography, CT and MRI. It should be noted that a regular x-ray is practically uninformative in diagnosing a hernia, since it does not allow one to see soft tissues.

Lumbar intervertebral disc herniation on pictures

1. Examination by a neurologist. The doctor checks tendon reflexes, muscle tone, and skin sensitivity. This is done through various physiological tests: for example, the patient may be asked to walk on his toes, raise a straight leg, and also test the knee reflex using a hammer.
2. Electromyography and neurography. Studies make it possible to assess the condition of nerves and muscles.
3. CT and MRI. Most informative methods, which allow layer-by-layer visualization of all tissues and parts of the spine, including discs and nerve roots.

Therapy for lumbar hernia

In most cases (when the situation is not yet too advanced), conservative therapy is sufficient for the patient - in this case, the symptoms disappear within 6-8 weeks.

Hernia treatment is complex and includes several measures.

1. Gentle mode. The patient should remain in bed for at least 1-2 days until the pain decreases. All movements should be careful and slow, and any loads should be limited.
2. Drug therapy. Nonsteroidal and steroidal drugs can be used in the treatment of herniated discs. medical supplies. The former are taken orally and help relieve pain and inflammation in the injured area. nerve root. Steroids are more effective and are injected directly into the areas where the nerve roots are located.
3. Physiotherapy. Patients are prescribed physiotherapeutic procedures to improve blood circulation in affected tissues, as well as gymnastic exercises in order to strengthen muscles.

If conservative methods do not give the desired result for a long time (more than 6 months), then doctors sometimes raise the question of surgical intervention.

Video - How to treat intervertebral hernia without surgery

Surgical treatment

Surgical treatment may be required when conservative methods are ineffective, as well as in cases of pronounced neurological symptoms and cauda equina syndrome (a pathology in which immobility and even paralysis of the legs occur). Operations are carried out only in extreme cases, since sometimes drug treatment and physiotherapy give much top scores, but at the same time surgical therapy Bastre eliminates neurological symptoms: muscle weakness, numbness, etc.

Most often, for lumbar hernia, an intervention called discectomy is performed, that is, removal of the damaged disc. This is a rather complex procedure, which is prescribed solely for medical reasons - in particular, simple pain in the back is not a reason for surgery.

In addition, minimally invasive techniques have recently become very popular, in particular microdiscectomy, when not the entire disc is removed, but only its affected area. Such intervention, as well as postoperative period much easier to tolerate by patients. It should be noted that, regardless of the type of treatment performed, approximately 5% of patients experience a relapse of the disease.

Rehabilitation and life of patients with lumbar hernia

After completing a course of treatment (including surgery) any specific rehabilitation activities not required. The patient is recommended to walk for 30 minutes daily and also perform simple exercises to strengthen the muscles of the legs and back.

If patients diagnosed with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation are promptly prescribed adequate treatment, the disease has virtually no effect on the quality of life. In cases where drug therapy produces the desired effect, a person can return to normal existence immediately after the pain syndrome is eliminated. With the intervention of surgeons, about 95% of patients recover almost immediately and can lead their previous lives within 1-2 weeks.

Head of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, 8 years of work experience. Higher education majoring in General Medicine.

A herniated disc is a pathological protrusion of the nucleus pulposus (the jelly-like central part of the intervertebral disc), resulting from a rupture of the fibrous ring surrounding it.

Treatment algorithm for intervertebral hernia of the lumbar spine:

elimination of pain syndrome,

normalization of motor activity,

preventing further development of the disease.

To achieve these goals, traditional conservative methods and innovative non-surgical treatment methods are used.

Conservative methods are:

• medicines,
• manual therapy
• physiotherapy,
• physiotherapy,
• acupuncture,
• massage,
• wearing a soft corset.

Read more about the methods of therapy and their use later in the article.

The effectiveness of treating lumbar hernia at home has not been proven, but some procedures can alleviate the patient's condition.

If conservative therapy doesn't bring desired results, a doctor (vertebrologist or neurologist) can offer the patient modern minimally invasive or radical surgical intervention. According to world statistics, such cases are no more than 10%: in the remaining 90% of cases spinal hernia can be cured without surgery.

A herniated disc can be treated without surgery

Drug therapy

NSAIDs and painkillers are the gold standard

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and painkillers are the gold standard in the medical treatment of intervertebral hernias. They suppress the action of the enzyme that is formed at the site of inflammation and is responsible for the formation of the pain impulse.

Classic (non-selective) NSAIDs reduce the sensitivity of nerve endings and the intensity of the inflammatory process, and improve blood flow. To quickly relieve pain, patients with a hernia of the lumbar spine are prescribed ibuprofen, diclofenac, lornoxicam, indomethacin, etc.

Doctors also widely use the selective NSAID meloxicam (Movalis), which patients tolerate better than others.

Selective NSAIDs act only at the site of inflammation and have virtually no effect or side effects on other organs. Non-selective agents lack these benefits.

When choosing a medication, the doctor takes into account the patient’s age, presence accompanying pathologies, assesses the risk of developing gastrointestinal complications. The size of a single dose and duration of administration depend on the intensity of the pain syndrome.

Muscle relaxants

Muscle relaxants are a group of drugs that reduce the tone of tight, spasmodic muscles. In combination with NSAIDs, they have a good therapeutic effect.

Examples of drugs in this group: mydocalm, diazepam, sirdalud, tizanidine, tetrazepam.

Products that improve microcirculation of blood and lymph

Drugs that improve microcirculation are mandatory for use in patients with hernias of the lumbar spine. They help improve blood flow in the damaged area and reduce swelling.

Local remedies: ointments, gels, compresses

For severe pain, pain-relieving ointments, gels and compresses with novocaine and dimexide are used.

Novocaine blockade with the addition of corticosteroids brings significant relief from pinched spinal segments.

Manual therapy

Manual therapy is a special “therapeutic system” based on handmade chiropractor. The specialist acts on the affected areas of the body, works with muscle tone in the area of ​​the damaged vertebra - and thus eliminates muscle spasm and displacement of the vertebrae.

This technique is prescribed if a hernia of the lumbar spine is combined with vertebral subluxation.

Physiotherapy

Therapeutic exercises are prescribed only after the symptoms of nerve compression have been eliminated and in the absence of pain in the affected leg (with lumbar hernias, the pain usually spreads to the leg).

For every patient exercise therapy instructor develops an individual set of exercises, including smooth turns, bends and rotations of the body.

An approximate set of exercises for a patient with lumbar hernia.
Click on photo to enlarge

Acupuncture

Acupuncture is additional method therapy, which in combination with other treatment methods accelerates the healing process.

When biologically active points are irritated, spasm of the paravertebral muscles that occurs due to a change in the position of the damaged disc is eliminated and local blood circulation is restored.

Massotherapy

Massage stimulates microcirculation of blood, lymph, and relieves muscle spasms.

The procedure includes four main elements: rubbing, kneading, vibration and stroking.

Today, periosteal deep massage (or, in other words, myofascial therapy) is especially in demand. This is an effect on altered painful points and areas, which leads to irritation of highly sensitive receptors of the periosteum. For a hernia of the lumbar spine, the sacrum, the area of ​​the pubic symphysis, the ischium and the ilium are massaged.

For hernias of the lumbar spine, hydromassage is very effective (water is supplied in jets high pressure). This procedure:

• stimulates the immune system,
• reduces muscle spasm,
• eliminates blood stagnation in blood vessels,
• normalizes blood circulation.

When using hydromassage, the functions of the musculoskeletal system are restored much faster and more efficiently.

Innovative methods for treating intervertebral hernias

Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS)

This technique uses a neurostimulator that produces weak electrical impulses. The device transmits impulses directly to the nerve endings of the spinal cord via microelectrodes implanted in the epidural space.

The epidural space is located between the hard meninges spinal cord and periosteum of the vertebrae.

Neurostimulator and electrodes implanted into the epidural space to stimulate the spine

Percutaneous laser decompression

This is a gentle treatment method that uses a microlaser to reduce intervertebral hernia and reduce pressure on surrounding tissues.

At the same time, the laser, which is applied to the spinal canal, restores the collagen fibers of the cartilage tissue and tightens small cracks on the surface of the articular cartilage.

Chemonucliolysis

Chemonucliolysis is an effective innovative method for treating lumbar disc hernias. An enzymatic preparation that dissolves the nucleus pulposus - chymopapain - is injected into the damaged intervertebral disc. After the core has liquefied, it is sucked out, as a result of which the intervertebral hernia is significantly reduced.

A prerequisite for carrying out this fairly simple and low-traumatic procedure is the preservation of the disc membrane.

Treatment of lumbar hernia at home

Two recipes:

(if the table is not completely visible, scroll to the right)

Name and ingredients	How to prepare the product	How to use
Honey compress. You will need: thick leaves of 3–4 year old aloe, 150–200 ml vodka, 100 g fresh honey.	Pass the leaves through a meat grinder and squeeze through cheesecloth. Add vodka and honey to the resulting juice. Mix everything thoroughly and let the product brew for one day.	To eliminate lower back pain, soak medicinal composition gauze or bandage folded in 10 layers and apply to the affected vertebra for an hour. Repeat the procedure daily until the product runs out.
Comfrey tincture. Ingredients: three dry comfrey roots, 500 ml vodka, 10% dimexide solution.	Grind the roots in a meat grinder and pour vodka over them. After 2 weeks, add a dimexide solution to the resulting tincture (10 ml of solution per 90 ml of water).	Rub the tincture into the lower back. For rubbing traditional healers It is recommended to use a piece of felt, which has a massage and warming effect.

Conclusion

If you experience pain in the lumbar spine, do not delay your visit to the doctor, aggravating the development of the disease. A competent vertebrologist will help you find out the cause of your discomfort and prescribe effective treatment.

Remember: a hernia of the lumbar spine is complex, but curable disease, which can be eliminated without surgery, which can lead to a number of complications.

Owner and responsible for the site and content: Afinogenov Alexey.

Spinal hernia – enough dangerous disease. Ignoring it can lead to complete paralysis. With timely diagnosis, the pathology responds well to conservative treatment. Patients should reconsider their physical activity and diet. After treatment it is necessary to follow preventive measures to avoid relapse.

A spinal hernia often forms in the lumbar or cervical region, less often in the thoracic region. Timely diagnosis and specialist assistance increase the effectiveness of treatment. In severe cases, doctors prescribe surgery. Often degenerative changes are irreversible. However, proper treatment can relieve pain and other symptoms that cause discomfort and stop disc displacement and destruction.

What is a herniated disc?

The pathology is associated with displacement of intervertebral discs. It causes numbness, pain and weakness. The anatomical task of the discs is to absorb the load on the spinal column during movement. Any deformation in it causes discomfort in a person.

The intervertebral disc consists of a fibrous ring, outer side which consists of collagen fibers, and the inner one is the nucleus pulposus. The ring limits the core, but if this function is disrupted, it is displaced and an intervertebral hernia is formed. The pathology develops gradually. Long-term disc degeneration occurs due to loss of fluid and increased fragility. A hernia is formed in several stages:

Protrusion– a protrusion appears, the internal fibers of the ring are damaged, but the rupture has not yet occurred. The corpus pulposum is kept within certain boundaries, which makes it possible to cure the disease using conservative methods.

Entrusion– the outer fibers of the ring are damaged, which allows the nucleus pulposus to extend beyond the boundaries of the disc.

Disease catalysts include:

• physical damage, microtrauma;
• infections;
• improper metabolism;
• obesity;
• engaging in heavy physical labor;
• pregnancy;
• birth defects spine;
• low physical activity;
• lordosis, scoliosis, osteochondrosis.

Note!

Statistics show that pathology is diagnosed in men much more often than in women.

Doctors use the classification of spinal hernias according to their location:

• cervical – 4% of all cases of the disease;
• chest – 31%;
• lumbar – 65%.

Symptoms of pathology

A herniated disc occurs when there is pressure inside the disc. Neurological disease manifests itself when the fibrous ring is stretched due to breaking load, which causes compression of the nerve branches and blood vessels. Until this point, symptoms are often attributed to another disease. On later the pain syndrome is constantly present and does not depend on physical activity.

Primary signs of a spinal hernia:

• Acute pain in the spine area, which disappears with rest.
• Unnatural swelling and muscle tension.
• Kyphosis or scoliosis of the spine.
• Burning, tingling, “goose bumps” - paresthesia, turning into paresis.

Many patients experience hormonal imbalance - impotence or cessation of menstruation.

Patients complain of sharp and severe pain. It is associated with compression of a nerve root by a prolapsed disc, which is responsible for the functioning of some organ. Pathology causes disruptions in the functioning of the organ. Symptoms depend on the location of the pathology:

Cervical region

Decreased performance, sleep disturbance, neurasthenia, headaches, increased fatigue, vision problems, hypertension, epilepsy, inflammation of the tonsils, nausea, numbness of the fingers, pain in the limbs, tinnitus, loss of taste, increased intracranial and blood pressure.

Thoracic region

Dysfunction thyroid gland, discomfort in the shoulders and shoulder blades, pain and burning in the chest, decreased sensitivity of the skin when nerve endings are damaged.

Lumbar

Diarrhea, hemorrhoids, cystitis, pelvic inflammation, numbness of the lower extremities, muscle atrophy, stone disease V bladder, unnatural sweating or dry feet.

People with unfavorable heredity and whose family members have degenerative spinal diseases should pay more attention to prevention.

If symptomatic neurology of a spinal hernia appears, you need to contact a surgeon or neurologist who will diagnose and determine treatment.

Diagnosis of the disease

Before starting treatment, it is necessary to determine the investigative causes of the pathology using laboratory diagnostics. Only a specialist can determine the presence of swelling using x-rays and MRI.

Upon visual examination of the patient, a distortion of posture will be noticeable, and the sensitivity of some areas will be lost.

The doctor must feel the spine to determine the degree of pain and localization of the pathology, and to identify unnatural tension in muscle tone. During flexion and extension, the limitation of mobility and range of motion are determined.

MRI allows you to determine:

• size
• localization.

With a hernia, a protrusion appears in the interdiscal space of the nucleus:

• protrusion – up to 3 mm;
• prolapse – 3-5 mm;
• developed hernia – 6 mm.

With hardware examination, the directions of protrusion can be identified.

Additional studies are prescribed depending on individual characteristics.

Treatment

Correctly prescribing therapy can only be done after a complete examination, taking into account the stage of the disease and the type of pathology. For example, in the absence of complications, action to relieve large disc damage is sufficient.

Conventionally, there are three stages of treatment:

• pain relief with medications and complete peace;
• massage and complex therapy;
• rehabilitation, recovery.

Treatment begins with over-the-counter medications; if there is no result, they switch to strong analgesics (codeine). At the initial stage, it is recommended to ensure rest and maintain bed rest, take painkillers, engage in exercise therapy, and undergo physical therapy. If after 3 months the condition worsens (neurological deficit syndrome, decreased potency, numbness in the limbs, increased pain), then surgery is prescribed - the last resort of treatment due to the increased risk of complications.

Video

Professor I.M. Danilov will talk in detail about the correct treatment of a spinal hernia.

Non-surgical methods

After a complete examination, the initial stage of a hernia can be treated at home with the help of medications (painkillers, blockers), therapeutic exercises, and physiotherapy.

The following methods show good effectiveness:

Manual therapy – a specialist performs special manipulations to eliminate pathology. Course duration is 2-10 sessions.

Hirudotherapy

Treatment with leeches. The saliva of worms contains an enzyme that provokes the resorption of the fallen fragment and improves blood circulation.

Cryotherapy

Liquid nitrogen is applied to the problem area to increase blood circulation.

Osteopathy

With light movements and pressure, the doctor eliminates pathological changes.

Acupuncture

Impact on active points to irritate nerve endings. The effect is similar to a massage, when the massage therapist touches these points tactilely.

Physiotherapy allows you to relieve pain without taking medications, as well as speed up the recovery process. Patients are recommended:

• manual therapy;
• massage;
• exercise therapy;
• UHF;
• electrophoresis;
• phonopharesis;
• reflexology.

Each method has its own indications and limitations. Only the attending physician will select the exact complex.

Drug treatment

First of all, conservative therapy is necessary to eliminate pain neurological reflexes. Patients are prescribed anti-inflammatory drugs non-steroidal drugs:

• diclofenac;
• indomethacin;
• ibuprofen.

Note!

In the presence of chronic pathologies The gastrointestinal tract approaches the choice of anti-inflammatory therapy more carefully.

At the first signs of improvement, they move on to complex therapeutic and preventive treatment. Subsequently, the patient must undergo a preventive examination every month by a neurologist or therapist.

Muscle relaxants, such as Mydocalm and Sirdalud, are prescribed to relieve spasms. It's worth remembering side effects:

• absent-mindedness, decreased performance;
• nausea;
• decreased blood pressure;
• loss of sensation;
• urinary and intestinal disorders;
• psychological problems.

To protect the gastric mucosa, drugs are used that cover the stomach with a protective film:

Almagel.

• almag;
• Almagel;
• gastal;
• phosphalugel.

When treating a hernia, chondroprotectors are used to restore cartilage tissue:

• structum;
• teraflex;
• alflutop.

The course of treatment with chondroprotectors should be more than 3 months.

To improve blood circulation in the problem area, the following is prescribed:

• trental
• pentoxifylline.

Patients must take vitamins B, D, A, E to restore damaged tissues and reduce pain.

Use a deep penetration transdermal ointment. It is produced immediately before use, as it contains a lot of organic matter, which completely eliminates factory production. The ointment should be applied with light movements, kneading should be completely avoided, so as not to cause major damage.

Among pharmaceutical ointments can be distinguished:

• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Fastum gel, Ketonal, Nurofen, Voltaren);
• combined effects – pain relief and swelling relief (Dexpanthenol, Dolobene);
• irritating effects (Nicoflex, Capsicam);
• chondroprotectors (Chondroxide, Arthrocyte).

When prescribing an ointment, one should take into account the likelihood allergic reaction to components.

Blockade

If painkillers are ineffective, then an X-ray-controlled blockade is performed. A needle with a hormonal solution is inserted into the area of ​​compression of the nerve roots. Local administration ensures maximum effectiveness. The injection can be given at the exit site of the nerve processes, between the vertebral processes, or into the intervertebral area. A contrast agent is often used to determine the route of penetration of the drug.

The procedure is performed under local anesthesia and X-ray control. Practice shows that in 50% of cases patients recover.

Manual therapy

Manual therapy is preferable to massage. By sliding and stretching, the pinched nerve is released. Manual therapy can be used as a pain reliever without taking various medications.

Manual therapy should only be performed in specialized clinics. It can only be used for hernias of a certain size and location.

Manual therapy does not treat pathology, but only relieves symptoms for a while. Patients should in the future exclude the convergence of the vertebrae and increased pressure on the disc.

Folk remedies

Folk remedies should be used with caution. You can reduce symptoms with the help of bee products, herbal infusions, and horse fat.

Note!

General rules of use folk remedies: Avoid heating the surface and avoid heating substances.

In the east they believe that daily consumption of prunes, figs and dried apricots strengthens the spine and improves healing effect other conservative remedies.

A compress of honey and potatoes will help reduce pain. Raw potatoes are grated and mixed with honey. Apply to the area of ​​pain, cover with film, and wrap. Leave for 2-3 hours.

You can also make a cake 1 cm thick from honey and flour, which is applied overnight and tied with plastic wrap.

A compress of Kalanchoe and burdock and fir leaves has a local effect. But all remedies should be used only after consultation with your doctor.

Fine shavings from horse fat are covered with plastic film, and the top is covered with natural fabric. The compress is tightly secured with a bandage and worn throughout the day. Instead of horse fat, you can use badger or dog fat. Patients note a decrease in pain within 2 hours after application. Horse fat accelerates the synthesis of ceramides, which increases protective functions body. Additionally, it has regenerating, moisturizing properties and contains the necessary Omega-3.

Surgery

• severe pain for a long time;
• expressed neurological disorders;
• impotence, urinary incontinence.

There are several varieties surgical intervention, the exact type is determined by the attending physician.

Discectomy

The nucleus pulposus is removed through an open incision. In severe cases, it is necessary to remove the disc and replace it with a titanium implant. The long recovery period and the risk of infection with pathogenic microflora forces doctors to resort to this method in rare cases.

After surgery, it is important to follow preventive measures, as the disease can recur. Patients should regularly perform exercises to strengthen muscles, undergo physical therapy, and take vitamin and mineral supplements. If they are overweight, they switch to a special diet with restrictions on fats and “fast” carbohydrates, increasing the consumption of fiber, fruits and vegetables, and low-fat fermented milk products.

Endoscopic surgery

A camera and instrument are inserted through the puncture. The method is considered gentle, since the muscles are almost not damaged. The hernia is removed and the disc is corrected. Positive dynamics are observed in 80% of patients.

Microsurgical laser surgery

Laser treatment, like surgery, is considered last resort. But unlike the latter, it is considered more gentle. A puncture is made to the patient to insert a needle with a light guide. Next, a laser is used to relieve pressure in the disc. Soft fabrics have high permeability for directed radiation, which makes it possible to treat pathology with a laser without damaging the integument. At elevated temperature damaged areas are evaporated. The symptoms of a hernia immediately disappear as the pressure on the nerve endings is reduced.

Duration of the procedure– 10-40 minutes, use local anesthesia. After a couple of days the person is transferred to hospital treatment. The technique is used in the absence of disc destruction, mainly in patients under 40 years of age. With age, the disc dries out, which makes the use of laser impractical.

Physical exercise

Patients are advised to adhere to a regime of rest and control of physical activity. It is necessary to avoid increasing tension in the spinal column: jumping, lifting weights. A person must control movements, excluding sudden movements, strong bends, and twisting.

Exercise therapy

A doctor and a trainer with a medical background should select exercises. During exercise, the load on the spinal column should be completely eliminated, which completely eliminates exercises in a vertical position.

Simple and effective exercises:

• Walk around the room on all fours, keeping your back and arms straight.
• In the same position, simultaneously extend your arm and leg from opposite sides. If possible, hold the position for a couple of seconds to strengthen the ligaments.
• Hanging on the bar.
• Lie on your back and pull your knees to your chest.

Yoga

At the initial stage of the disease, yoga is not prohibited. The only restriction is not to do the exercises in bed. If pain or discomfort occurs, it is recommended to stop exercising.

Allowed exercises:

• To stretch the ligaments and muscles of the back, lie on your back, pull your knees to your chin and roll to the sides.
• Lie on your back, bend your knees and clasp your shins with your hands. Try to straighten your spine as much as possible.
• Get on all fours and bend over like a cat. You need to look at the ceiling, and then at the floor.
• Lie on your back, bend one leg and try to reach your knee with your forehead. Change leg.

Exercise training

A properly selected simulator and the supervision of a qualified instructor will be an effective tool. Exercise is allowed only during the period of remission and according to an individually designed program.

It is important to control your breathing: when tension increases, inhale strongly, and then exhale slowly. This will avoid the negative effects of increased load. After each approach, take a short break. In total, the duration of the lesson is 3 hours, but active actions only 1 hour.

There are different exercise machines depending on the method of creating the load. Weighting is achieved using body weight or a system of blocks. For example, horizontal bars and parallel bars provide load using body weight and can only be used by people with good physical fitness.

Rules for using simulators:

• if there is pain, use pain-relieving exercises;
• eliminate axial loads;
• avoid shock loads;
• do not perform barbell presses;
• Kettlebell lifting is prohibited.

Sport

A herniated disc is a limitation for some sports. All exercises in a sitting or standing position are completely excluded.

Prohibited species are:

• race walking;
• Weightlifting;
• active sports that involve running or long stay in a standing position (football, skiing, basketball);
• body-building;
• partial restriction on athletics with jumping.

Gymnastics

The gymnastic complex for treatment can be performed using several methods: Bubnovsky, Pilyuiko, Dikul. The purpose of the complex is to strengthen the muscle corset to prevent pinched nerves.

Gymnastics is necessary for patients due to reduced mobility. It is necessary to speed up metabolism and blood circulation, activate the muscles, which will allow the vertebrae to take a natural position and the hernia to resolve. The course should be selected individually, taking into account physiological characteristics the patient and the location of the pathology.

Rehabilitation

After a full course of treatment or surgery, the patient must undergo rehabilitation period. Patients must follow all doctor's recommendations to avoid complications and relapse. In most cases, patients are recommended to wear a special corset, undergo a series of physical procedures, and control their body weight.

Corset

Orthopedic devices reduce the load on the spine. The corset should be flexible, but have a dense base. It is especially necessary for people who do not monitor their posture during the day. The corset allows you to fix the spine.

Some models have straps to secure the structure on the shoulders. The anterior part covers the area from the pelvis to chest, back - from shoulders to buttocks. High blood pressure transferred from the spine to the abdominal cavity.

When choosing a model, pay attention so that the corset does not compress the spine. You cannot wear it all the time, as this will cause degradation of the back muscles. The exact time is determined by the attending physician.

Spinal traction

Extraction can be dry or underwater. In the first case, special simulators or weighted loads are used. In this case, the patient can be in a vertical or horizontal position. Underwater spinal stretching is considered more gentle: in water, body weight is significantly reduced, which makes the procedure less painful.

During the procedure, there is a risk of pinching a large hernia. The method has contraindications:

• acute pain;
• oncology;
• kidney stone disease;
• cardiovascular diseases;
• osteoporosis.

After traction, it is mandatory to wear a corset and perform a series of exercise therapy exercises. This is necessary to prevent the vertebrae from returning to their original location.

Nutrition

Diet is important for overweight patients. Obesity provokes pathology and aggravates the course of the disease. Normal weight will be a condition successful treatment. To lose weight, you need to introduce restrictions on the calorie content of foods and consume more fiber.

• smoked meats,
• alcohol,
• spicy dishes,
• pickled products.

Getting a disability

Many patients are interested in obtaining disability, since the disease affects their standard of living and ability to work. The group is given in the following cases:

• the occurrence of complications after surgery;
• long course of the disease;
• late diagnosis.

Often people with a herniated disc do not even try to get disability, although they are entitled to it by law. It is mandatory to give a group in case of complete or partial loss of independent movement and ability to work.

1 First group issued if a person cannot do without outside help V Everyday life– cannot move on his own, diagnosed with paralysis.

2 Second group can be obtained with intensive pain syndrome, impaired motor ability or after surgical intervention in case of loss of ability to work.

3 Third group prescribed for patients with increased muscle tension and intense pain, with frequent exacerbations of the disease due to work activity.

Hernia during pregnancy

It was previously mentioned that pregnancy can cause a herniated disc. The fetus increases the load on the spine, and the normal distribution of the load is disrupted. If pathology appears during this period, it is necessary to begin treatment.

The main difficulty is the restriction on taking medications and exercise therapy, so as not to harm the child. Doctors recommend gentle treatment based on folk remedies.

During childbirth, the doctor must take into account the mother's illness and exercise maximum caution. After the baby is born running form The disease is recommended to be eliminated by surgical intervention.

Army for spinal hernia

Intervertebral hernia is considered a contraindication to military service. Pathology is often accompanied by complications that lead to complete disuse. The disease is especially dangerous in the later stages.

To defer, a doctor’s opinion is required after a man’s treatment for back pain. Be sure to include the results of the above examinations.

At mild form a hernia is delayed for 6-12 months, as it can be treated conservatively. The reasons for failure may be:

• atrophy, muscle paresis;
• hernia more than 8 mm;
• decreased sensitivity in the absence of natural tendon reflexes;
• congenital pathologies spinal column;
• intensive development of the disease;
• change in the dural sac;
• indications for surgical intervention if the patient refuses surgery or has a number of contraindications to it.

An advanced form of spinal hernia leads to severe complications. The main danger is damage to nerve endings and the spinal cord, which can lead to paralysis, loss of skin sensitivity, and disruption of normal limb mobility. Treatment without preliminary diagnosis will aggravate the situation and lead to irreversible consequences.

Questions - Answers

The hernia is very bad in the sacral region, I had an MRI and a blockade, but I still miss my leg. What to do?

You did not describe the MRI results (what kind of hernia) and symptoms: do you have pain, movement disorders, loss of sensation in the leg, etc. This is important for deciding treatment tactics. If there are motor or sensory disturbances, it is necessary to discuss the issue of surgery with a neurosurgeon. If there are no absolute indications for surgery, you need to contact an osteopath who will help cope with the pain and select correct exercises for the back muscles.

What effect does tebantine have on treating the spine?

Tebantin - anticonvulsant, but it is also used for back pain due to compression of nerves and roots. In this case, it acts as an anesthetic by altering signal transmission in nerve endings. It does not affect the cause of pain and inflammation. Therefore, if you want not only to relieve pain (remove symptoms), but to work with the cause of the disease, you need to use other methods (osteopathy and, if necessary, surgery).

(Total 10,367, today 63)

Tom 03/03/2018 at 10:37

I had a herniated spine. I already thought that I would remain semi-paralyzed forever. I tried everything: neurologists - ours and Russian ones, injections, acupuncture, chiropractors, massages, healers, I was in the hospital. For six months I relied on doctors and massages. It got worse. I could barely walk, the pain was tormenting me - I saved myself with painkilling injections. Having exhausted all means and having lost hope in anyone, I began to study the nature of my sore. I came across a doctor's book on this topic - everything was explained well there. What causes a hernia, what happens to the vertebrae and discs. I realized that the root of the pain is the compression of the discs between the vertebrae, and I need to pull them out. It turns out that in this case a vacuum effect occurs in the discs, the squeezed hernia is retracted back and their restoration occurs. And I went (crawled) to the sports field of the nearest school. And she began to hang on the crossbar. At first it was possible only for a few seconds - my hands couldn’t stand it. I had to hang there slowly, slowly pulling my knees up. Already on the third day I felt relief, the pain began to go away. A few days later I started jogging carefully. In general, the crossbar turned out to be the most effective remedy. Since then I really respect this sports equipment. And plus yoga, later. My back didn't bother me anymore. P.S. Maybe my experience will be useful to you.

Azat 03/03/2018 at 10:46

People! Just don’t do the operation!.. There is a special home exercise machine for hanging upside down, which stretches the vertebrae. Order as soon as possible. My wife uses it all the time; she also had a very advanced and bad spinal hernia. And the vertebrae stuck out like a hump like a dinosaur’s (not anymore, pah-pah-pah). Kazakh folk chiropractors straighten very well with the help of horse fat (they lubricate it for several days, it smells terrible, but the bones soften, then special massage, she went through all this too), but the fat is also special from a certain place - Kazakh doctors know... Then you must definitely do a set of Chinese qigong exercises. This is also important.

Mukhtar 03/03/2018 at 11:38

Professor Bubnovsky's method helped me. 2014. An MRI showed I had a 5 mm hernia. In 2015 I bought inversion boots for the horizontal bar. I also ordered an inversion table. You hang upside down and do exercises. The effect is excellent. Now I'm lifting weights. Manual massage helps.


Alya 09/08/2018 at 21:22

I myself know first-hand what discomfort and pain intervertebral hernias cause. I have 2 in the lumbar region. I suffered for 5 years until I found ways to get rid of the pain. Acupuncture, manual therapy and massage helped me. all this was done at the Paramita clinic. Plus, yoga exercises became mandatory for me, I do it almost every day, at first I worked with a trainer, the girl also has a medical education in the field of rehabilitation. So don’t give up, everything is in your power, fight for your health and try to avoid surgery until the last minute, there are ways to deal with this disease without surgery. I wish everyone good health!

Lyubov M. 09.25.2018 at 20:18

My mother has been walking only with a cane for six months now - she was diagnosed with a hernia. Before that, there was just some minor pain, I thought it would go away on its own. In winter, the pain became wild, the pills didn’t help, maybe my body just got used to them. I had to call an ambulance again. The doctor who arrived injected me with an analgesic and advised me to drink Sustalife. We obeyed. Now my mother’s condition is much better - she only hurts due to the weather.

An intervertebral hernia develops as a result of protrusion of the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc. This pathological condition is manifested by a number of signs that make it possible to determine the disease, as well as its stage. The lumbar spine is the most vulnerable place for the appearance of intervertebral hernias. The disc located between the fourth and fifth vertebrae is especially susceptible to the development of a pathological process. In this case, painful sensations can spread to the legs, in some cases the patient cannot walk independently. Treatment of the disease involves both conservative and surgical methods. Exercise therapy, a review of diet and lifestyle are also required.

Lumbar hernia most often occurs in people over 40 years of age. Due to the anatomy of the spine, the lumbar region experiences the greatest load during physical activity.

Thanks to evolution, the lumbar vertebrae have a powerful structure relative to other parts of the spine.

Hernias usually develop due to the following reasons:

• spinal osteochondrosis is the most common cause development of atrophic-dystrophic processes in the vertebrae and fibrous discs between them;
• metabolic diseases of connective tissue - can be caused by pathology of certain glands internal secretion or hereditary genetic diseases;
• spinal injuries - after restoration and reparation of tissues after injury, complications may arise in the form of weakness of the fibrous connection or atrophy of the disc itself;
• heavy physical activity and long-term static positions with weight;
• hereditary abnormalities in the development of spinal connective tissue.

In addition to the reasons that are the main link in the development of the disease, there are a number of factors that accelerate its development:

• inactive lifestyle;
• obesity;
• decreased back muscle tone;
• abnormalities in the development of back muscles;
• developmental anomalies of the lower extremities and pelvis;
• high growth;
• weightlifting and gymnastics classes;
• frequent minor back injuries;
• hypovitaminosis and starvation;
• pathologies of the vessels supplying blood to the vertebrae;
• inflammatory diseases of the skin and back muscles;
• poor posture in any part of the spine.

The combination of causes may be different, but the final stage of the pathogenesis of the disease will be weakness fibrous tissue intervertebral disc and the exit of the nucleus pulposus beyond the boundaries of the latter. You also need to remember that the development of a hernia does not occur immediately; it develops first.

Stages

The development of the disease is divided into three to five stages. In the CIS countries, intervertebral hernias are usually classified according to changes in the disc itself and the symptoms that arise as a result of these changes.

The following stages are distinguished:

• First stage. There is a slight protrusion of the nucleus, but the integrity of the fibrous tissue is not compromised. During this period, complaints, as a rule, do not arise.
• Second stage. Disc pushing or extrusion beyond the edge of the intervertebral disc. At this stage, minor discomfort appears during physical activity. Connective tissue The disk is slightly damaged.
• Third stage or prolapse. During this period, a pronounced protrusion of the nucleus pulposus into the cavity occurs spinal canal or the other way. The clinic is bright, severe pain when moving or changing position. Local and distant symptoms occur, and the patient is unable to perform significant physical work.
• The fourth or final stage. The hernia grows to such a size that it can compress the spinal cord or spinal nerves with nearby vessels. The clinical picture is typical for damage to the nerves and spinal cord; the nature of the pain and its intensity can be different, it all depends on the patient’s position. Sometimes pathological process also passes to organs that have dependent innervation from the segment of the spinal cord that is damaged.

The first two stages can be asymptomatic and respond well to conservative treatment, with development last stage Treatment is often surgical.

Main symptoms

The symptoms of a lumbar hernia depend directly on the size of the hernia and which structures are damaged. There are also a number of common symptoms that occur in almost all people with a herniated lumbar disc.

Symptoms of lumbar hernias:

• Pain syndrome that occurs due to compression of the spinal nerves; pain can also occur due to compression of blood vessels with the subsequent development of ischemia of the spinal structures. The pain is sharp, patients associate it with changing position, bending or sudden lifting of heavy objects. More often the pain occurs in the afternoon or after sleep. During a painful attack, a local and general increase in temperature may occur. The pain often radiates to the legs or pelvis.
• Feeling of pins and needles and numbness in the lower extremities. The symptom occurs due to compression of the structures of the spinal cord or the arteries that supply it. With a prolonged absence of blood flow to the lumbar spinal cord, irreversible changes in the latter can develop. This phenomenon is dangerous because in the lumbar region there is a thickening of the spinal cord, in which the centers of conscious movements are localized.
• Development of atrophy of the muscles of the back and lower extremities. This condition occurs after damage to the dorsal roots of the spinal cord.
• Disturbance of the pelvic innervation, which manifests itself frequent urges to defecation or urination.
• Disruption internal organs, which are innervated by damaged nerves or their centers in the nuclei of the spinal cord.

Intervertebral herniation L4–L5

Lumbar hernia, which is localized in the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae, is more common than in other lumbar vertebrae and is characterized by the following symptoms:

• increased pain during bowel movements or increased peristalsis;
• pain when lying on your back;
• discomfort while walking and bending;
• violation of the autonomic innervation of the skin of the legs and pelvis.

A feature of lumbar intervertebral disc herniations is that they respond well to conservative treatment. With very large hernias, which are located between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae, compression of the Adamkiewicz artery or other arteries that play a role may occur. important role in the trophism of spinal cord tissue.

Intervertebral herniation L5–S1

Lumbar intervertebral hernia sacral region spine is more common in people over 40 years of age. The peculiarity of this hernia is that it is located in the person’s center of gravity.

A hernia of the lumbar and sacral region protrudes in any direction. Clinical picture depends exactly on which side the hernia is located and on which anatomical structures puts pressure. The main manifestations of herniated discs in the lumbosacral region:

• pain radiating to the buttocks, back surface hips;
• walking disorder;
• decreased libido;
• loss of conscious control of the legs;
• decreased reflexes of the lower extremities;
• disorders of defecation and urination;
• pain when sitting;
• pain in the perineum and tailbone;
• decreased sphincter tone.

Many symptoms are similar to various diseases spine, spinal cord and nearby structures. You can find out the exact cause of certain symptoms using radiation methods examinations. Early diagnosis has a beneficial effect on further treatment of the disease.

Effective treatments

A hernia of the lumbar spine has the following treatment methods:

• conservative treatment with tablets and injections;
• surgery;
• Exercise therapy and massage;
• regime and nutrition;
• physiotherapy;
• change of lifestyle.

For conservative treatment, the following drugs are used:

• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
• muscle relaxants;
• vitamin preparations.

The following methods exist surgical intervention on herniated intervertebral discs:

• direct open surgery;
• neurosurgical minimally invasive intervention under X-ray control.

Exercise therapy includes exercises aimed at relaxing the muscles that compress the vertebrae. Massage is prescribed to improve local blood flow and relieve spasm from muscle tissue. Interesting read - .

One of the methods of non-surgical treatment of hernias of the lumbar spine is blockade of the inflamed nerve with analgesics. Doctors recommend training in the pool 2-3 times a week, wearing orthopedic shoes and sleep on a good mattress ( more information about that).You should also treat organs that suffer due to diseases of the spinal cord.