home Drugs Increased uterine tone. What causes uterine tone during pregnancy?

Increased uterine tone. What causes uterine tone during pregnancy?

“hypertonicity of the uterus” may more often occur on early stages pregnancy. Uterine tone during pregnancy is contractions that appear before the expected due date. They feel like they are pulling, aching pain lower abdomen (a similar condition during menstruation), sometimes lower back pain. It happens that a woman does not detect any foreign sensations in her body, but during an ultrasound examination she shows that she has uterine hypertonicity. The reasons that cause uterine tone can be different, ranging from underdevelopment of the genital organs to anxiety.

The uterus is a female muscular organ that reacts sensitively not only to physical stretching (it grows along with the fetus), but also to nervous impulses: excitement, joy, fear. Any reason can cause pain, but it should not be ignored. As soon as you feel pain in the lower abdomen, you should immediately consult a doctor, who, after finding out the cause, will prescribe appropriate treatment.

A woman's uterus, like any other muscle, has the ability to contract and, accordingly, has tone. The tone can be decreased, normal or increased. If we're talking about about the tone of the uterus, this means tension in the muscles of the uterus - increased tone. An increase in uterine tone during pregnancy signals a woman that a miscarriage may occur or premature labor may begin. Therefore, you should not take this problem lightly. Uterine tone is one of the main reasons premature birth. But don't be scared! If you consult a doctor in a timely manner and follow all his recommendations, the likelihood of carrying your pregnancy to term without fear is very high.

It’s not for nothing that doctors play it safe, because the tone of the uterus is really very unpleasant and extremely dangerous thing. Complications of increased uterine tone include termination of pregnancy (possibly at any stage), oxygen starvation (hypoxia) of the fetus, and placental abruption.

Symptoms of uterine tone during pregnancy

How during pregnancy a woman herself can determine that the uterus is in good shape

Often a pregnant woman can feel this herself. The tone of the uterus during pregnancy has such manifestations as nagging pain in the lower abdomen and lower back, as before menstruation. Moreover, sometimes the pain takes on the character of contractions or the uterus feels like “stone”.

You can tactilely determine whether the uterus is in good shape as follows. Lie on your back and completely relax. Gently feel your belly; ideally it should be soft. If there is a tone of the uterus during pregnancy, then the stomach will roughly resemble the thigh in elasticity.

When examining the abdomen and vaginal examination, the tone of the uterus is easily determined; ultrasound shows tense muscle fibers. There is also a special apparatus for measuring the force of myometrial contraction during pregnancy, although wide application he did not receive it - the symptoms of the condition are already too noticeable.

Causes of increased uterine tone during pregnancy

The tone of the uterus is especially dangerous in the first trimester of pregnancy and very often in the early stages of pregnancy the cause of increased tone can be hormonal disorder – reduced output progesterone. In this case, you will be prescribed a course of duphaston or utrozhestan. Also, the cause of tone may be contractions of the uterus in response to stretching due to fetal growth, toxicosis, premature dilation of the cervix, functional disorder thyroid gland, Rhesus conflicts, sexual intercourse. When you feel the abdomen, the tone may also increase, because the uterus is a muscular organ and reacts to physical irritations.

External causes that lead to tension in the muscles of the uterus include inhalation of harmful chemical fumes, acute course viral diseases, heavy physical there.

Increased uterine tone can be caused by stress and nervous tension. If pain occurs rarely, during sudden movements or when changing posture, then we are talking about natural muscle tension and there is no need to worry. Often the stomach becomes hard after an ultrasound procedure, and if nothing bothers you before and after the ultrasound, then everything is fine, it’s just a reaction to the procedure. After an ultrasound, I was always told about increased tone, although I always felt good and there were no discomfort states did not have. Doctors like to play it safe and may refer you to a hospital; you should not neglect their advice and it is better to listen.

If you are often accompanied by states of tension, then this requires constant monitoring, timely examination and treatment.

Uterine tone in the first trimester of pregnancy

Increased tone The uterus at the beginning of pregnancy almost always needs observation and treatment, since before the 12th week the tone is especially dangerous - it can cause miscarriage. It is ideal when a pregnant woman does not feel any discomfort at all from 4 to 12 weeks of pregnancy. Any pain, tone, pulling sensations They say that you need to discuss them with your doctor.

If the doctor sees nothing serious in your situation, he will prescribe you to take no-spa. If you have hormonal problems ( reduced level progesterone) - a course of duphaston and utrozhestan. More serious cases will require hospitalization.

Uterine tone in the second trimester of pregnancy

The closer to childbirth, the more the body prepares for it: it goes hormonal changes, the tone of the uterus becomes sufficient a common occurrence. From about 20 weeks the body begins to train. From this time on, periods of tension and relaxation may be felt, but infrequently and painlessly.

If we are talking about serious tone uterus, which can cause fetal hypoxia, also requires medical supervision. Medication is usually recommended to maintain normal condition Magne B6

Uterine tone in the third trimester of pregnancy

Starting from the 38th week, muscle tension can be quite long. In addition, the tone of the uterus is provoked by the baby himself, who pushes his mother with his arms and legs in his already cramped stomach.

At the end of pregnancy, it can be difficult to diagnose hypertonicity and distinguish it from normal tone - preparatory contractions. Doctors consciously play it safe by sending pregnant women for CTG whenever possible.

In Europe, increased tone does not cause such a violent reaction from doctors as in Russia. There, in most cases, increased uterine tone is considered normal physiological state pregnant. Treatment with medication in a hospital begins only when the increased tone causes serious concerns the mother herself or there are symptoms of pregnancy pathology.

What to do if the uterus is toned

If symptoms appear for the first time during pregnancy, you can take an antispasmodic, such as “no-shpu,” on your own. And during your scheduled appointment with the doctor, be sure to tell him about your feelings. If, before visiting a doctor, there is a repetition of uterine tone, you should definitely consult a doctor unscheduled as quickly as possible. As a rule, vitamin B-6 preparations are prescribed together with sedatives - Magne-B-6, motherwort, and sometimes calcium blockers and anti-inflammatory drugs - in this case their effect on the release of prostaglandins is important. But due to a large number side effects of drugs such as indomethacin, corinfar can only be prescribed by a doctor. He may also prescribe you papaverine suppositories. Self-medication and enduring pain during pregnancy are EXTREMELY undesirable.

If you feel that the uterus is a little tense, then try to relax, close your eyes, do a few deep breaths and exhalations. Imagine something that makes you feel good.

When the uterus is toned during pregnancy, it is very important to establish a normal work and rest schedule, good sleep, sufficient time in the fresh air, and all possible motor activity. If ineffective outpatient treatment If there is increased uterine tone, the woman will be offered hospitalization “for preservation” - there, under the supervision of doctors, it will be possible to study more deeply the causes of the tone and begin to eliminate them. When progesterone levels are low, it is taken as medicines If the level of androgens is high, their antagonists are administered - metipred, dexamethasone. In this case, every additional day of pregnancy is important for a woman.

A fetus is considered a “full-fledged child” from 28 weeks; after this period, survival is quite common, but this does not mean that such a baby is absolutely healthy; after all, it is advisable for it to mature in the mother’s body, and not in the most “sophisticated” incubator. From their practice, doctors conclude that babies born at 33 weeks turn out better and healthier than those born at 35 weeks - nature has its own mysteries, so doctors, with constant uterine tone, fight for literally every day of pregnancy. If premature labor occurs, tocolytic therapy is carried out, that is, relaxing the uterus - there are such schemes and such drugs. Therefore, when the uterus is in good shape, it is stupid to refuse treatment to preserve pregnancy - at home it is impossible to closely monitor the condition of the fetus and the pregnant uterus and take the necessary measures in a timely manner.

Consequences of uterine tone during pregnancy

The most negative consequence is spontaneous miscarriage. This will not happen if the woman seeks medical help in time;
Hypertonicity of the uterus may have Negative consequences the same for the future baby. During the disease, the blood supply to the pelvic organs is disrupted, which can lead to oxygen starvation of the fetus and negatively affect its health.

How to prevent uterine tone

Preventing tone during pregnancy - first of all, ensuring calm state nervous system expectant mother, abstaining from the use of cigarettes and alcohol, maintaining a gentle work schedule, healthy sleep. However, we note that a pregnant woman needs all this, regardless of medical diagnoses.

As for the prevention of uterine tone during pregnancy, this includes all measures to ensure rest, rest and normal image life of a pregnant woman, timely detection and treatment hormonal dysfunctions, inflammatory diseases female genital area and urogenital infections. In order to prevent uterine tone, it is important to follow all medical recommendations during an existing pregnancy, including drug treatment, diet and regimen. The emotional state of a woman is also very important. A connection has been revealed that women who are not happy with their pregnancy have problems many times more often than absolutely calm and satisfied expectant mothers.

The more future mommy worries, the greater the likelihood of increased tone. During pregnancy, try to think only about the beautiful and good, think about that moment of happiness when you meet your baby. Take care of yourself, listen to pleasant relaxing music, get in a good mood. All these seemingly “stupid” tips can help, believe me! Of course, if a pregnant woman's problem is only her emotional state. But even in the case of medication or inpatient treatment By adding relaxation and tranquility to your anxious anticipation of the future baby, you take a big step forward from your illness.

Hypertonicity of the uterus is its increased contractility. Due to the fact that the uterus tends to contract, the child is born. But such uterine contractions should be normal only during childbirth.

If the tone appears during pregnancy or lasts for several minutes, it will not give the child normal nutrition, so as a result the child may have disorders and pregnancy It may even freeze. To prevent anything like this from happening, you need to know everything about hypertension and how to prevent it.

So why does the uterus begin to contract? Contraction of the uterus is caused by many factors, but most often it is hormonal changes in organism.

Common causes of uterine tone

Doctors identify several reasons:

1. Availability surgical interventions into the uterus, including abortions.
2. Abnormal development of the uterus (bicornuate, adhesions, bend, etc.).
3. Availability endocrine diseases(polycystic, diabetes etc.).
4. The age of the woman, up to 21 and after 40 years.

Besides hormonal levels women and the reasons listed above, there are others. Among them, one of the central places is occupied by the state of the nervous system. And all because, due to the restlessness of the nervous system, the level of oxytocin and adrenaline rises. If everything is in order with the nerves, then these hormones do not increase above normal, and the smooth muscles of the uterus remain at rest. If the level of these hormones is slightly too high, the uterus begins to contract, because it’s not without reason that during labor, an oxytocin drip is given to stimulate them.

And also, good sleep is very important for the peace of the uterus. So, when you are pregnant, dear ladies, do not forget to sleep 9 hours a day, and 2 hours at lunch, if possible.

Other causes of uterine tone

In addition to the groups of reasons described above, there are several more, although they can affect a normal, adult woman, without nervous disorders and lack of sleep. And these reasons are:

1. Correct lifestyle. Very important, it includes the ability to do everything slowly without sudden movements or tension. Here is a slow walk, transition from lying down to sitting position etc. phenomena.
2. Proper work intestines. Due to the close location of the intestinal loops to the uterus, increased peristalsis It also provokes uterine contractions, leading to tone. That's why it's so important to eat right during this period. And it is advisable to eliminate constipation not with an enema, but with food (prunes, dried apricots, raisins, etc.) or use papaverine suppositories.
3. Lack of vitamins, especially folic acid and vitamin E. Ask your doctor to prescribe the right one for you vitamin complex or balanced menu, in which everything essential vitamins will come with food.

For expectant mother very important good mood, then there will be no worries and uterine tone. You must try to control your emotions, especially during the 3rd and 7th months of pregnancy. After all better than mom anyway, no one can help the baby to be born full-fledged. Doctors provide only a little support in this whole process.

1. Control your sleep and wakefulness patterns.
2. Transfer some of the household chores to your household members.
3. Don't communicate with people you don't like.
4. Be careful during sexual intercourse, especially during the 3rd and 7th month.

It’s clear that you won’t be able to spend your entire pregnancy absolutely calmly, but it’s worth trying at least in the main aspects. If everything is done correctly, the baby will be born healthy, and the parents will be simply happy that they now have a small, beloved miracle for which they can do anything.

Collapse

Uterine tone is the tension of this organ during pregnancy, which is very important for bearing a baby. The uterus is a muscle that contracts and tenses. However, tone can also be dangerous. For example, hypertonicity is a phenomenon in which the uterus is overly tense, which poses a danger to pregnancy. With this phenomenon, a woman reduces the tone of the myometrium with the help of exercises and special drugs. However, there are cases in which the tone of the uterus needs to be increased. For example, after an abortion, childbirth, if it is impossible to get pregnant. How to increase the tone of the uterus? About this and we'll talk in this article.

Drugs to increase tone

In obstetrics, drugs that affect the contractile activity of the uterus are often used. In what cases are medications prescribed to improve tone?

with weakness of labor;
with decreased tone after childbirth;
early post-abortion period;
in case of late pregnancy termination for medical reasons.

Let's look at some groups of drugs.

Oxytocin. A drug that causes contraction of the myometrium, characteristic of labor. Especially if he was introduced into large doses. A pregnant uterus is much more sensitive to oxytocin than a non-pregnant uterus. As pregnancy progresses, so does susceptibility to oxytocin. How to use? The woman is given intravenously. The effect of the drug is about 3 minutes. In what cases will the patient be injected with oxytocin:

to stimulate labor;
to stop bleeding after childbirth.

Contraindications:

discrepancy between the size of the baby and the uterus;
incorrect position of the child;
presence of scars on the organ;
danger of rupture.

Desaminooxytocin. The action of the drug is similar to oxytocin, but its effect lasts longer. This drug appoint

to enhance existing labor activity;
for contraction of the uterus after childbirth;
to increase lactation.

It is taken as a lozenge under the tongue or behind the cheek. Contraindicated for any incorrect positions fetus

Pituitrin and Hyfotocin. These two similar drugs are obtained from the pituitary gland of the large cattle. In addition to oxytocin, the drugs contain small amounts of vasopressin. Used intravenously to increase tone under the supervision of a doctor. The following are added to the contraindications:

sepsis;
nephropathy;
hypertension;
thrombophlebitis.

Products that increase uterine tone

If the situation is not critical, then you can increase the tone of the uterus at home using necessary products nutrition. Below is a list of foods that you should eat if you are hypotonic. If a woman suffers from hypertension, then the following products are contraindications for her.

Bread. There is an opinion that bakery products can increase the tone of the uterus. Especially if they are made from white flour. Therefore, if you have a weak uterine muscle, allow yourself to eat a fragrant bun or a piece of white crispy bread. But the norm is important in everything. Do not overdo it, otherwise problems with your figure and gastrointestinal health cannot be avoided.
Legumes. This type product causes increased gas formation. There is an opinion that any gas formation in the abdomen can increase the tone of the muscles of the uterus. Eat beans, peas, and asparagus as a separate dish or as an addition to soups and porridges.
Fresh fruits. If you did not eat any fruit before pregnancy, you should not start doing so during pregnancy, in order to avoid allergic reactions. What fruits will help increase myometrial tone? Pineapple, which contains organic acids. Papaya, which increases the contractile function of the uterus. You need to eat all fruits that contain sugar.
Vegetables. Any green will do fresh vegetables in any quantity. For example, cucumber, cabbage, broccoli, lettuce, greens.
Dairy products. First of all, it is a source of calcium, which is so necessary for the pregnant body. With decreased tone, “milk” will help strengthen the muscles of the uterus and avoid miscarriage. But you shouldn't eat blue cheese, as it can cause a fungal infection.

Spices

It would seem just a spice, a flavoring. However, even such minor seasonings in dishes can become both enemies and friends for pregnant women. What spices should you take for muscle hypotonicity?

Parsley. This green, aromatic addition to dishes has the property of increasing the tone of the uterus during pregnancy. Of course, a small amount in a soup or salad won't help you. However, if you want, then eat up to 100 g per day. Among other things, it contains a huge amount of vitamin C.
Bay leaves and cumin increase the contractile function of the organ.
Dill. Its infusion increases lactation in pregnant women and increases uterine contractions.
Fennel in large quantities also causes uterine tone.
Black pepper is a great tonic. Among other things, it promotes digestion. Naturally, in moderation.
Cinnamon, namely a teaspoon per day, increases tone, increases appetite and improves mood, which is very important for pregnant women.
Thyme. This spice, although slightly, still increases uterine contraction.

Medicinal plants

You should be careful with herbs, because unknowingly you can cause an abortion. If only the doctor diagnosed you with a decreased tone, and not you yourself, then you can take plant extracts. To increase tension in the female organ, pay attention to the following herbs.

Calamus is a herb that has a hemostatic effect. It increases peristalsis of the intestines and uterus. Great content female hormones.
Aloe is known for causing blood flow to female organs, improving their performance.
Arnica – quite significantly increases the tone in the uterus.
In addition to its main function, black elderberry has a laxative effect.
Water pepper is great for strengthening the uterine muscles.
Common oregano. You should be careful with its use, as if the dosage is incorrect, you can cause abortion.
Hyssop, in addition to the function we need, improves intestinal function.
Calendula – leads to uterine contractions.
Nettle is, in addition to its main function, a hemostatic agent.
Lavender perfectly tones the myometrium.
Madder causes hypertension and is a fairly strong laxative.
Tansy leads to uterine contractions.
Mistletoe is poisonous. But knowing correct dosage can successfully solve the problem discussed in this article.
Senna is an excellent laxative that strengthens the muscles of the female organ.
Knotweed will do a great job with weak uterine muscles.

Beverages

What to drink, besides infusions medicinal herbs described above to increase the contractility of the female organ?

Alcohol can cause hypertension. Of course, it is harmful to the fetus. However, if the pregnancy is progressing normally, a woman can afford a glass of red wine for blood formation.
You should not drink black tea in bags. However, leaf tea, which is brewed correctly and in small quantities, can help strengthen the myometrial muscles.
Carbonated drinks. All drinks that increase gas formation in the intestines create pressure on the uterus, thereby increasing its contractions.
Coffee causes muscle tone. Pregnant women should be careful with caffeine to avoid harm.

Product combination

Not only individual foods can strengthen myometrial muscles, but also entire dishes. For example, fish dishes.

Tuna with spices undergoes low heat treatment. In addition, it is combined with those spices that tone. Eating this combination of foods will help solve your problem.

Sushi. This dish combines fish, rice, nori seaweed, and all kinds of “hot spices.” This can strengthen muscles and increase blood circulation in the pelvic organs. Of course, you shouldn’t abuse them. It is very important to find out if the fish in them is raw? It is better to eat sushi in which the fish has been heat-treated.

With the onset of pregnancy, a woman pays increased attention to any manifestations that may indicate trouble. And this is correct, because most often it is enough to consult a doctor in time to cope with the deviation. Physical tension and excitement are contraindicated for a woman during this period, as they can cause miscarriage or premature birth. Increased uterine tone during pregnancy is a common phenomenon that can be encountered at any week. You need to know what to do if such a situation arises.

Sometimes tension in the muscles of the uterus is a completely normal process, for example, if it occurs when sneezing, laughing, or changing body position. This condition occurs if a pregnant woman experiences anxiety or worries. But this is not about physiological increase tone, which is short-lived and does not cause unpleasant sensations.

A prolonged increase in tone, which does not depend on the will and mood of the woman, but is caused by any pathologies, is dangerous, as it leads to developmental disorders or to the death of the fetus. Depending on which part of the organ is tense, total hypertonicity is distinguished (the walls and fundus of the uterus are tense), as well as local hypertonicity (on one of its walls - the front or back). In this case, they talk about pathology of 1 or 2 degrees of severity.

What is the danger of the condition

In the early stages (up to 12-16 weeks), increased tone of the uterine muscle makes implantation of the embryo into the endometrium impossible. Detachment occurs ovum or its complete rejection, which results in a miscarriage. If increased tone occurs after the fertilized egg has settled in the uterus, it becomes the cause of malnutrition of the fetus, oxygen starvation. In this case, the pregnancy freezes, the fetus stops growing and developing. A miscarriage does not occur, but the fetus dies and must be removed by curettage of the uterus.

For more later pregnancy (more than 16 weeks), an increase in the tone of the uterus is dangerous because tense muscles disrupt the blood supply to the fetus, pinching blood vessels located in the umbilical cord. In this case, placental abruption occurs, fetal hypoxia leads to developmental disorders or the death of the child, to the so-called “late” miscarriage.

On the eve of birth, an increase in tone indicates that fetal maturation has completed. It has reached such a size that “training” contractions begin.

Video: What is uterine hypertonicity. Reasons for its appearance

Causes of increased tone

The reasons for increased uterine tone at the beginning of pregnancy may be:

Hormonal disorders - lack of progesterone. After fertilization of the egg, thanks to this hormone, the endometrium loosens, which helps to secure the fertilized egg in it. When progesterone production is normal, the smooth muscles of the uterus are relaxed. If there is not enough hormone, the tone increases. Hypertonicity of the uterus also manifests itself when the content of the male sex hormone testosterone in the body of a pregnant woman is exceeded.
Congenital disorder of uterine development. In the presence of a “bicornuate uterus” or its bend, pregnancy can proceed without complications, but quite often a woman is unable to bear a child due to increased tone of this organ.
Early toxicosis. Most women have to deal with this condition at the beginning of pregnancy. During severe vomiting compression occurs, spasmodic contraction of the muscles of the uterus.
Rhesus conflict. A discrepancy between the Rh factor of the blood of the mother and father of the unborn child often leads to the death of the fetus. The tone of the uterus automatically increases.
The presence of scars or adhesions in the uterus after inflammatory diseases, abortions, operations, as well as damage or stretching of the muscles of the organ during a previous birth.
Polyhydramnios or multiple pregnancy. Under the influence of ever-increasing heaviness, the uterus stretches and spasms occur in it. Most often, twins are born several weeks premature.
Bloating, constipation.
Weight lifting, harmful conditions at work, severe emotional stress, active sexual contact.

Overly active movement of the fetus can provoke spasmodic contractions of the uterus and an increase in its tone. If the spasms are painless and short-lived, there is nothing dangerous about them.

Sometimes pathological uterine tone occurs during pregnancy in women with thyroid disease. Often tone is observed during development infectious processes in the genitals.

Note: The risk of tone is increased in pregnant women under 18 and over 30 years of age, as well as those who have had several abortions and have weak immunity. Often, symptoms of hypertension occur in those who smoke or drink alcohol during pregnancy.

Symptoms of increased uterine tone

Often a woman herself can guess about the appearance of such a condition. If it occurs in the early stages (before the 16th week of pregnancy), then heaviness in the lower abdomen and aching pain in the sacrum and lower back appear (as during menstruation).

In later stages of pregnancy, when the size of the abdomen increases, you can notice that the uterus is in good shape by changes in muscle elasticity. There is a feeling of a “stony” stomach. If the uterus is “toned,” it tenses and contracts.

Advice: In order to independently check whether the uterus is toned or not, a woman should lie on her back and relax, and then gently palpate her stomach with light movements. If it's soft, there's nothing to worry about. But if it is elastic, the muscles are tense, you must definitely inform the doctor monitoring the progress of your pregnancy about your condition.

Signs of increased tone in the 1st trimester

The risk of miscarriage during this period is greatest, so the following signs should not be ignored:

pain in the lower abdomen, radiating to the lower back;
spotting bloody discharge from the vagina;
tension in the abdominal muscles, a feeling of spasm in the muscles.

Increased tone in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy

The presence of pathology can be assumed by the presence of spotting and back pain. Most pregnant women experience weakness discomfort in the lower back due to the fact that the fetus becomes heavier, the uterus increases in volume, and the ligaments holding it stretch. But if the tension is pathological, then the pain becomes severe. This requires urgent health care which will help prevent the loss of a child.

Increased tone in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy

During this period, uterine contractions periodically appear in every pregnant woman. Since there is less and less free space in the uterus, it is more difficult for the unborn child to change his position, his pushes into the wall of the organ become more noticeable, which leads to muscle compression. Therefore, recognizing a state of increased tone is not as easy as before. However, “training” contractions of the uterus do not cause increased pain in the back and lower abdomen; moreover, they occur irregularly and do not last long. There is no bloody discharge.

A sign of increased uterine tone during pregnancy may be the occurrence of pain when the fetus moves, when the hardening uterus begins to squeeze it. Also speaks of trouble long absence movements (more than 12 hours).

Diagnosis of increased tone

Each woman experiences individual changes in her body during pregnancy. They can be unexpected even for a doctor, so it is not always possible to diagnose hypertension only by the patient’s sensations and by palpation of the abdomen. To clarify the condition of the uterus, an ultrasound is performed. This study allows you to identify a violation of the shape of the uterus, that is, recognize the presence of tone in the area of its fundus, back wall or anterior, and also determine the degree of contraction (1 or 2).

Increased muscle tone in the posterior wall

It is more difficult to diagnose this condition, since women often have no obvious symptoms that could cause discomfort. In this case, muscle tension in the posterior wall is detected during a routine ultrasound and subsequent tonuometry (using a sensor applied to the uterus).

When grade 2 hypertonicity appears, the pain in the lower abdomen and lower back intensifies, is especially felt when walking, and can radiate to the rectum, perineum, vagina. If such a pathology is detected, the woman is hospitalized and treated to prevent miscarriage or premature birth.

Increased tone of the muscles of the anterior wall

This pregnancy complication is accompanied by more severe symptoms: bloody discharge, severe pain in the lower abdomen and perineum. The diagnosis is made by palpating the uterus through the vagina.

The stage of increasing tone is determined.

At the “initial” stage, changes in the shape of the organ are insignificant, the neck is of normal size.

At the “development” stage, the cervix shortens and partially opens.

At the “final” stage, the cervix dilates completely, which leads to termination of pregnancy or premature birth.

Treatment

Treatment, depending on the degree of uterine tension and the threat of complications, is carried out at home or in a hospital.

First of all, a woman needs bed rest. She is advised to avoid worries and stress, sexual contacts, and also be more attentive to her diet (give up coffee, eat foods containing fiber to normalize intestinal function). Appointed antispasmodics, such as papaverine or no-spa to relax muscles, as well as sedatives(tincture of valerian or motherwort).

Drug treatment

After determining the cause of this condition, treatment of the corresponding pathologies is carried out. If progesterone deficiency is detected, duphaston or other drugs based on it are prescribed. Excess testosterone is eliminated using estrogen-containing drugs. To alleviate the manifestations of toxicosis, Benedictine or other antiemetics are prescribed.

Medicines containing magnesium are also prescribed, which help relax the muscles of the uterus and intestines, and also reduce the excitability of the nervous system. In the hospital, the woman is given intravenous magnesium and vitamins.

Warning: Under no circumstances should you take any medications during pregnancy without a doctor’s prescription, since any of them have serious side effects. Medicines can cause irreparable harm health of the baby and mother.

Special exercises

At home, relieve tension in the uterus in the absence of serious symptoms through physical exercise. For example, you can weaken your tone by getting on all fours. Then the uterus appears to be in limbo. Arch your back and stand there for 10-15 seconds. Additionally, you should take antispasmodics. After completing the exercises, you need to lie down for an hour.

Yoga classes help a lot.

Video: Exercises to reduce uterine tone

Measures to prevent increased tone of the uterine muscles

You can reduce the likelihood of this pregnancy complication. It is necessary to regularly visit a gynecologist and undergo necessary examinations, follow all doctor’s recommendations. This will allow you to notice in time infectious diseases and other pathologies.

Maintaining good hygiene plays an important role. Complete rest and sleep, normal daily routine, short walks in the fresh air, restriction physical activity, as well as emotional peace - the most important conditions for a normal pregnancy. It is necessary to eat regularly and properly, stop smoking and drinking alcohol.

Hypertonicity can be defined as involuntary uterine movements that occur before the expected time of labor. Often this phenomenon occurs in the initial stages of gestation. Usually, uterine tone during pregnancy can be felt or diagnosed instrumentally. With absence adequate therapy tone threatens premature birth and loss of the child.

When does hypertension occur?

Uterine tone without pregnancy is rare and can be caused by medications or human activities. Several reasons can provoke the appearance of tone during pregnancy. But it is necessary to distinguish between normal tone and increased tone, since only the second type is dangerous.

The uterus has a three-layer structure, average level It is represented by muscular muscles, which means it is capable of contraction. The fertilized egg attaches to its inner mucous layer. Normally, muscle fibers should not be tense. This type of tone is called normal, or “normotonus”.

Note. Pathological condition occurs when the fibrous layer of the uterus begins to contract intensively, being in a tense state. In this case, we should talk about high uterine tone. What is the nature of the tone of the uterus during pregnancy - increased or normal form– can establish an ultrasound.

It should be remembered that only hypertonicity of the uterus is dangerous, and with normal tone there is definitely no reason to worry

Causes

We can talk about uterine hypertonicity if the muscles of the uterus involuntarily contract and move. You can select different reasons development of this condition. The main ones include:

an increase in the concentration of male sex hormones in the blood (if the first trimester);
a decrease in the level of the hormone that supports pregnancy - progesterone;
large fetal size;
bad habits;
multiple pregnancies;
numerous abortions;
wrong type of nutrition;
age of the pregnant woman;
abnormal structure of the female genital organs from birth;
inflammatory processes;
improper functioning of the thyroid gland;
increased physical activity(second trimester and above);
polyhydramnios (significantly increases risks);
endocrine type diseases;
infantility of the uterus (child-type structure);
the appearance of tumors;
infectious diseases.

In some cases, we can talk about the development of hypertension due to nervous or psychological stress, lack of sufficient sleep or complications during pregnancy. This condition can also be caused by impaired functioning of the kidneys, liver, or development. Also, the causes of hypertension are the appearance of benign or malignant neoplasms.

Each of these conditions and pathologies can provoke the appearance of symptoms of uterine tone during pregnancy.

What foods can cause hypertension?

Among the foods that can cause an increase uterine tone, we can highlight:

coffee (due to its invigorating effect, removal of fluid from the body, increased blood pressure and worsened sleep; for some, cardiac activity increases);
black tea (strong).

Also among the unsafe foods for consumption are blue cheese (contains special types of fungi that can cause tone), raw, smoked, dried or undercooked meat. The consumption of liver products, lard and pates should be reduced.

Advice. Fish is allowed for pregnant women, with the exception of dishes that use semi-raw raw materials. It is better to replace wheat bread with rye bread, and avoid alcohol completely.

Manifestations

The most obvious symptoms include the following signs of uterine tone during pregnancy:

nausea;
feeling dizzy;
weighting of the lower abdomen;
bloody discharge;
palpable pain in the lower abdomen;
the feeling that the pregnant belly is hard.

Advice. If at least one of the symptoms appears, you should consult a doctor to decide what to do.

Diagnostic methods

There are several approaches to how to determine the tone of the uterus during pregnancy - diagnosis includes palpation with fingers, ultrasonography, tonusometry.

There are as many as three actively used methods for checking the tone of the uterus, and which one to choose is up to you to decide on your own or on the recommendation of a doctor

Palpation

During palpation, the specialist feels the uterus through the anterior wall abdominal cavity– the pregnant woman lies with her knees bent. This body position allows you to eliminate the tone of the abdominal muscles, and, if there is tone of the uterus, the doctor can feel the tightening of the muscles of the organ. Typically, this type of diagnosis is used in the second trimester based on the patient’s medical history.

Ultrasound examination

Ultrasound is used as additional method studies of the condition of the uterine muscles. This method of determining tone helps to determine the degree of risk and type of muscle tension.

The tone of the uterus during pregnancy in the 2nd or 3rd trimester can be general or local (located only in selected areas of the organ), posterior or anterior (depending on which wall the tension is observed on; the tone of the anterior wall of the uterus is more common during pregnancy). Only ultrasound examination can accurately reflect these characteristics of the condition. Using an ultrasound, the doctor can also assess the degree of risk of complications, premature birth or miscarriage - this is what is dangerous about uterine tone during pregnancy and what it can provoke. If tone is detected on ultrasound, hospitalization is usually prescribed.

Ultrasound gives a quick and clear answer, eliminating any errors

Tonuometry

During tonuometry, special sensors can reflect the tension of the uterus. This method rarely used compared to palpation and ultrasound.

How can you diagnose uterine tone at home?

There are methods for determining the condition of the uterus during pregnancy, which are carried out independently. They can be used before visiting a doctor, since only a specialist can confirm the diagnosis.

First of all, the presence of hypertonicity can be assumed if a feeling of tension and pulsation appears in the uterus. There may also be numbness or stiffness in the abdominal cavity. The pain when there is a tone of the posterior wall of the uterus during pregnancy can be compared with the sensations that often appear during menstruation.

To diagnose tone, you need to lie on your back. One of the hands is placed on top part femoral area, and the second - on bottom part abdomen, where the uterus is supposed to be located. If the hands feel the same tension on both parts of the body, there is no hypertonicity. But if increased toning of the uterus is present, the lower abdomen will seem firmer. If this condition is detected, you should visit a specialist and undergo an ultrasound to avoid complications. Uterine tone is common during pregnancy in the 1st trimester.

It is not difficult to determine the tone at home, but you should not panic ahead of time, because... a doctor with experience will give an accurate answer, unlike a patient who is not experienced in diagnosing

How to relieve your condition before visiting a doctor

If hypertonicity is suspected, before visiting a doctor, it is advisable to ensure complete rest and bed rest for the pregnant woman. You can also take antispasmodics, which are allowed for pregnant women. If there is a pulling sensation in the back, you should:

stop any activity;
kneel down, arch your back, raising your head, and then slowly return to the starting position;
relieve tension in the facial muscles and muscles of the whole body.

Note. Treatment of uterine tone during pregnancy usually includes a number of measures.

Treatment

The first thing to do when the uterus is toned is to ensure complete rest for the pregnant woman and stop active work. Sex is excluded.

Drug treatment

All drugs that help relieve this state, should be prescribed by a doctor based on the patient’s condition. Common means to combat tone are:

sedatives plant origin(motherwort, valerian);
vitamin and mineral complexes for pregnant women;
the drug "Magne B6";
antispasmodics (Baralgin, Papaverine for uterine tone).

When choosing hormone therapy doctors prefer products with progesterone - for example, Duphaston. When identifying heavy bleeding hospitalization of the patient is indicated. In the hospital, hemostatic drugs such as Etamzilate and Dicinone can be used

In the 2nd trimester, uterine tone during pregnancy can be eliminated by diathermy, if hypertonicity is not a normal physiological phenomenon (in this case it is not pronounced or prolonged).

Tension in the uterine muscles can be relieved by medications such as:

In addition to the usual rest, specialized medications are used, the use of which must be discussed with your doctor.

Ways to eliminate tone at home

Uncomplicated forms of uterine hypertonicity can be eliminated at home, and therapy may not even include drug treatment.

Exercises

In some cases, the tone of the uterus in early pregnancy can help eliminate simple physical exercise– for example, “Cat”. To perform it, you should get on all fours and alternately bend your back up and down a certain number of times - about 5-10. This will help relax the uterine muscles and relieve spasm. After performing the movements, it is useful to lie down for an hour (especially if you are in the 3rd trimester).

You can also not perform any movements, but simply stand on your knees with a short period of support - the uterus in a position on all fours with the elbow rest is in a suspended state, which helps to relax it. After completion, you should always rest in supine position. This is important in how to remove uterine spasms.

Note. The tension of the uterine muscles may depend on the tension of the facial muscles. To reduce hypertonicity, sometimes it is enough to relax the facial muscles. To do this, tilt your head and completely relax the muscles of your face and neck. Breathing in this position is carried out through the mouth. This can help relieve symptoms of uterine tone during pregnancy in the 2nd trimester.

As complementary therapy with uterine tone, you can use specialized exercises that will only speed up the healing effect

Medicines

You can supplement exercises at home by taking mild antispasmodics. For mild forms of hypertension, these measures may be sufficient. But if discomfort increases or there is no benefit from exercise, you should undergo a medical examination.

It is important to eat right during pregnancy - foods should be natural. You need to eat more legumes, nuts, bran, green vegetables, and cereals (especially buckwheat and oatmeal).

If a pregnant woman has it, she needs to get rid of this phenomenon using medications recommended by your doctor. If increased uterine tone during pregnancy caused premature labor, doctors stop this process medication by the 40th week of pregnancy.

Preventive measures

To reduce the risk of occurrence or remove uterine tone, it is recommended to follow these tips:

ensure sleep at least 8 hours a day;
eat right (foods should be non-aggressive);
reduce physical and physical activity;
limit the rise heavy objects(especially if uterine tone occurs in the third trimester of pregnancy);
limit sex;
breathe fresh air, but avoid long walks;
minimize stress;
stop using tobacco or alcohol;
reduce the frequency of trips in a car or transport (in the second trimester).

All sexually transmitted infections, if present, should be treated before pregnancy. It is important, if the uterus is in good shape during pregnancy, to maintain good psychological condition and avoid stressful situations– natural soothing herbs and essential oils(such as mint, chamomile or lotus). Pregnant women should also undergo regular gynecological examinations to eliminate the risk of developing pathologies.

Prevention is always more effective than treatment, therefore, after completing the course of taking medications, you can safely use the list of recommendations above

Uterine tone during pregnancy is sufficient dangerous condition during pregnancy if left untreated. The risk of developing this phenomenon can be significantly reduced by following the right image life and lack of stress. Tone is easy to treat, but it cannot always be cured on your own. If you suspect the development of uterine muscle spasms, you should visit a doctor and accurately determine the severity of the condition in order to select correct treatment. How to relieve the tone of the uterus during pregnancy in a certain case and what to do is decided by a specialist.