home Audience 5 Where is testosterone produced, what factors influence its production. Effective ways to increase testosterone in men without the use of drugs

Where is testosterone produced, what factors influence its production. Effective ways to increase testosterone in men without the use of drugs

When they talk about testosterone, they come to associations with courage, strength, and beauty. It is the main male hormone and is responsible for a large number of male functions. Without this hormone, a man turns out to be unhealthy and frail. If there is not enough testosterone in the body, then the man becomes fat, potency and reproductive functions decrease. Therefore, it is necessary to know where testosterone is produced, because it has a tremendous effect on the male body.

Effect of hormone

Testosterone is the main male sex hormone. A little of it is produced in women, but men get everything from it to be courageous and strong. Under the influence of the hormone they become thicker vocal cords, so the voice becomes low, metabolic processes occur faster, so excess fat is not deposited.

Efficiency increases, strengthens vitality, which promotes physical and intellectual activity in the male half of humanity.

Main functions:

influence on the size of the penis. During adolescence, the penis grows in boys. This process depends on the level of testosterone in the body;
identification of body hair. If the hormone is in excess, then quite early on the man becomes bald, and his arms and legs are covered with hair;
muscle development. Thanks to the male hormone, protein synthesis is stimulated, and muscles grow accordingly;
affects the distribution of fat throughout the body. In men it is mainly developed top part torso;
cholesterol is maintained at a low level, so atherosclerosis develops less frequently;
the concentration of glucose in the blood decreases, the risk of developing diabetes mellitus;
bone tissue is dense;
improves mood, protection from stress and depression;
libido and erection are formed.

As you can see, a man’s health and testosterone are related and inseparable concepts. A man really needs it, and in case of deficiency or excess of the substance, disruptions in the functioning of most systems occur.

Where and how is the substance produced?

Where do men produce testosterone? The hormone is produced from cholesterol in the testicles, and Leydig cells also take part here. Therefore, this organ produces testosterone. Testosterone is also synthesized in the adrenal cortex, but in small quantities. Cholesterol is converted into this substance, which is why plaques do not form in the blood vessels of men until a certain age.

The work of Leydig cells is involved in the control of the pituitary gland, which is the governing organ in the endocrine system. To increase testosterone, males must eat well and consume enough protein.

Which gland produces testosterone in men? This is the male reproductive gland (testes). The level of the hormone in the body cannot be constant. In the morning, its concentration is high, and then until the evening it begins to decrease and reaches a minimum amount. The same thing happens with male sexual desire throughout the day.

When is testosterone produced? Many factors influence the production of the substance. The hormone increases during periods sports training when used spicy food. Some researchers claim that when a man talks to a woman he likes, the production also becomes stronger. Even a few words contribute to the growth of matter.

To find out what level of the hormone is in the body, you should measure your waist circumference. With a high indicator, the girth is less than 94 cm. If the waist is more than 102 cm, then there is less testosterone. With a girth above 102 cm - a low indicator of the substance. The fact is that leptin is released by fat, and it prevents testosterone from being released. There is an imbalance.

Decreased substance levels

If you look at the statistics, every third man has a low level of sex hormone. Until the age of 30, the hormone should be normal; this is serious growth, without any interruptions. Then the hormone decreases at a slow pace. This is physiology, but the decline does not occur quickly.

Reasons for decreased hormone levels:

Not balanced diet, alcohol, fatty foods, consumption of processed foods;
large body weight;
systematic stressful situations, neuroses, anger;
if a man is a vegetarian, then he does not receive animal protein, thanks to which the substance is produced.

The rays of the sun contribute to the production of the hormone. If men live in cold countries, this makes it difficult for him to be in a normal state.

The presence of infection has a detrimental effect on the male hormone. If testicular diseases are observed, then prescribe hormonal drugs, because testosterone is poorly produced. To promptly correct hormonal imbalances, you should consult a doctor. Only during the examination can the amount of testosterone be correctly determined.

Symptoms of low hormones:

vitality leaves, already in the morning you feel tired;
sleep disturbance;
irritability, signs of anger, depression;
goes down sexual desire, no desire to have sex;
poor erection;
unstable pressure.

Where to get testosterone

When tests show disappointing results, it is necessary to increase the production of the substance. What testosterone depends on: food must contain protein so that cholesterol enters the body; normalization of weight. If a man is overweight, then his libido is weakened, systematic exercise and sports should be moderate. It is recommended to harden the body.

The use of herbal preparations that are created for the male half of humanity. As a result, the synthesis of the sex hormone increases and libido improves.

What does testosterone consist of? The active form is free testosterone. If it is not enough, then it threatens impotence. The general hormone consists of a free substance and bound by globulin, albumin and some other proteins.

What affects hormone levels:

It is incorrect to believe that testosterone is a sex hormone. It has quite important functions in male body. If the readings are low, you should immediately contact a specialist. Only a doctor can determine pathologies. First, it is necessary to identify the causes of the anomaly.

In modern times, men should regularly exercise to replenish their energy potential. If you take a comprehensive approach to the process of normalizing the balance of the sex hormone, then within a few weeks the functioning of the man’s body will be restored, and he will be able to enjoy life.

The bulk of testosterone in the male body is produced in the testes (testes), and the pituitary gland stimulates this process, synthesizing special mediator cells that control the functioning of the endocrine system. Testosterone is also produced in small quantities by an organ such as the adrenal glands (including in women).

The hormone itself is inactive and does not bind to protein or carbohydrate compounds. But when exposed to the enzyme 5-alpha reductase, it is transformed into dihydrotestosterone, which stimulates intercellular metabolic processes (and at the same time the work of the testes and prostate gland in a mature man).

When does testosterone production begin in the male body? When a certain concentration of hypothalamic-pituitary mediators is reached in the blood, in particular GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) and LH (lutenizing hormone). And the process of its release is controlled directly by the brain.

Synthesis mechanism

What is the place of hormone synthesis? Testosterone in the testicles occurs in the so-called Leydig cells, where it is produced through a biochemical reaction from cholesterol (which ultimately breaks down into cholesterol - the same hormone). This process is stimulated by GnRH, produced by the pituitary gland. Afterwards, testosterone enters the blood, where it circulates both in free form and in conjunction with certain proteins (the main one is sex hormone-binding globulin).

If you believe the research, then its latest variation takes part in some metabolic processes, but the free hormone, entering the target cells, under the influence of 5-alpha reductase is transformed into dihydrotestosterone, which is precisely used by the reproductive system for the synthesis of sperm.

A significant portion is also released into the seminal ducts, where it comes into contact with androgen binding protein (it is fermented in Sertoli cells). Against this background, the concentration of androgenic mediators in the prostate gland increases, which ultimately triggers the process of spermatogenesis (starting from about 13 years of age).

On average, the adrenal glands produce only 5% of testosterone. from its total concentration in the body. The synthesis process is similar, but it is not cholesterol that breaks down, but the so-called “metabolic androgens” - carbon compounds. This occurs in the reticular and fascicular areas of the adrenal glands. The result is the same free form of testosterone, which is mostly responsible for the normal growth of organic tissues (skeleton, connective tissue, muscles).

REFERENCE! The functions of testosterone that bind to sex hormone-binding globulin are still poorly understood. It is only known that such a compound easily penetrates cell membranes, so its main effect is aimed precisely at the reaction with intracellular components.

What does the concentration of the hormone depend on?

Testosterone concentration depends on more than 10 factors, including even the time of day. In the body of a healthy man, the “peak” value of the sex hormone reaches in the morning after waking up (at 6-8 o’clock in the morning), and also closer to 5-7 o’clock in the evening. At 10-17 o'clock in the afternoon its concentration stabilizes.

It is during this period that it is recommended to take tests to determine the current level of androgens in the blood. And at approximately 22-24 hours of the night, the level of the hormone sharply drops to a minimum. What does this “schedule” depend on? First of all, from the activity of the brain and, in particular, the pituitary gland, which completely control the functioning of the endocrine system.

Does the concentration of testosterone depend on the state of a man (calm or excited)? No way. Moreover, the degree of possible arousal largely depends on the level of the sex hormone. If testosterone production is impaired or reductase activity in the body is reduced, then a man may even have erectile dysfunction, a complete lack of sexual attraction to the opposite sex (libido).

The level of hormone formation is also affected by:

The man's age. The maximum concentration is approximately 20-25 years old, then it gradually decreases and normalizes after 65-70 years.
Diseases of the endocrine system. These are the so-called primary and secondary hypogonadism.
The work of the digestive tract and of cardio-vascular system. It is with their help that the body accumulates the required amount of cholesterol and protein compounds, which are subsequently used by the endocrine system.
Correct brain work, namely its hypothalamic-pituitary part of the brain.

But a sharp decrease in testosterone levels, according to doctors’ instructions, may be a consequence of:

abuse of nicotine, alcohol;
obesity;
congenital pathologies;
inactive lifestyle (in which metabolism slows down);
taking certain medications (mainly hormonal and steroids);
mechanical injuries of the testes.

At the same time, the psycho-emotional state of a man also affects testosterone levels. The connection between mood and the functioning of the pituitary gland has been established for a long time. This is explained by the fact that when stressful situation A huge amount of adrenaline, which is the protagonist of testosterone, is released into the blood.

IMPORTANT! Some men may experience critically high levels of testosterone in their body. This is due to hyperactivity of the endocrine system and is most often a sign of a disorder of the pituitary-hypothalamic function or pathological processes in the testes, prostate gland (for example, the occurrence of a malignant tumor).

How to speed up secretion at home?

Testosterone concentrations should be increased by normalizing your lifestyle. That is, refusal bad habits, healthy and balanced diet, good sleep– this already significantly helps to increase the concentration of androgens by optimizing biochemical processes.

Physical activity also promotes its synthesis. But the body does not need strength training itself, but rather stimulation of metabolism, during which fat is burned, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates are broken down. Excess weight also significantly inhibits metabolic processes in the body, thereby reducing the amount of the hormone.
And also Doctors recommend including so-called “aphrodisiacs” in your diet.– components that comprehensively stimulate testosterone production. The most popular in this regard is ginseng root, as well as hot spices.
More A full sex life allows you to normalize the level of the hormone and improve its quality. The more often a man has sex, the more actively both the testes and the prostate gland work. Moreover, as practice shows, banal masturbation does not have as positive an effect on testosterone as full contact with a woman.

Video on the topic

You can also learn how to increase hormone production at home in this video:

Drug stimulation

It is possible to increase testosterone levels with medication. For this the following can be used:

synthetic forms of sex hormone (this is already considered replacement therapy);
stimulants (most often these are dietary supplements).

Testosterone can be produced using stimulants. The most popular among them, used in medical practice:

Parity.
Tribulus.
Arimatest.
Vitrix.

In fact, these are drugs that accelerate or provoke the course of biochemical processes with the breakdown of cholesterol, and at the same time they compensate for the lack of vitamins and minerals.

You should not use such drugs without medical advice, since their long-term use can provoke a deterioration in the reaction of mediators of the hypothalamic-pituitary system.

In summary, testosterone is the main male sex hormone, which is secreted by the ovaries and adrenal glands. Responsible for the reproductive function, and also takes part in metabolism, increasing the volume of bone, muscle, and connective tissues.

Its production is influenced by over a dozen factors, but the main one is the man’s lifestyle and the normal functioning of the digestive tract. It is possible to enhance the production of testosterone with medication only by taking stimulants, or by administering a synthetic form of the hormone intramuscularly or intravenously.

Testosterone is the main male hormone. Below we'll talk About:

What is testosterone?
What negatively affects him?
What ways are there to increase it?

The essence of the concept of “testosterone”. Not just a scientific approach

Testosterone is the primary male hormone that produces primary and secondary sexual characteristics in men. It is also present in the female body, but in much smaller quantities.

If we talk about testosterone with scientific point vision, then its total amount in the body consists of bound and free, which results in the indicator total testosterone(FROM). OT includes:

Hormones that are in a free state (about 2%);
Hormones that are associated with globulin (about 44%);
Hormones that are associated with proteins, such as albumin (54%).

Most of the testosterone in a man's body is bound state(proteins slow down its action). Active hormone is free and is responsible for the appearance of secondary signs of maturation and sexual desire. If there is less testosterone in the body than necessary, this leads to the following consequences:

Weak erection;
Risk of impotence;
Muscle and bone degradation;
Disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism;
Risk of heart and vascular disease.

This male hormone performs a number of important functions that you need to know about:

Promotes the development of reproductive organs and the production of seminal fluid;
Forms “masculine” behavior and attraction to the opposite sex;
Helps increase skin thickness and protein synthesis;
Increases the functioning of sweat glands;
Accelerates the metabolic process;
Helps strengthen the pelvic bones;
Helps accumulate calcium.

The presence of a sufficient amount of this hormone in the male body can be determined even externally: broad shoulders, a more active metabolism (compared to women), narrow hips. Another indirect method for determining the sufficient amount of testosterone in the male body is the hands and fingers, as well as the distance from the upper lip to the tip of the nose.

There are known symptoms that indicate testosterone deficiency:

worsening mood, depression;
insomnia, irritability;
decreased hair growth on the face and body;
increased sweating;
decline muscle mass and strength;
anemia;
decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, infertility;
obesity (especially in the abdominal area);
constant fatigue.

There are a number of factors that negatively affect the total amount of testosterone in a man’s body. These include:

Reception harmful drinks and foods (carbonated drinks, beer, butter, high-fat milk, salt and sugar, fatty food high in cholesterol, fast food, etc.);
Stress and any psychological disorders;
Drug use and smoking;
Maintaining a sedentary lifestyle;
Taking certain medications;
Diseases (diabetes mellitus, endocrine system diseases).

Important to remember:

A clear sign of low testosterone concentration in the male body is a waist circumference of more than 94 cm, as well as a total body weight that exceeds the norm by 30%. In this case, the body blocks the natural production of testosterone and switches to generation female hormones- estrogen and progesterone.

Biochemical component of testosterone and the mechanisms of its action. How to increase testosterone in men - natural ways

Testosterone is a steroid hormone that is responsible for growth. In the male body it is produced in the testes (by Leydig cells), and in the female body - in the ovaries. During the day, the male body produces about 7 mg of the hormone. The rate of formation largely depends on how quickly cholesterol is converted to pregnenolone. In organism healthy person The chain of transformations looks like this:

Cholesterol -> pregnenolone -> dihydrosterone/progesterone -> testosterone

After this, the hormone enters the blood, where it binds to proteins, forming globulin and albumen. Almost all of the synthesized hormone is used for this (up to 98%). The rest remains in a free state, being able to interact with other cells and influence them.

There are several natural ways to increase the concentration of the hormone testosterone in the body. First of all, it is necessary to eliminate all harmful factors that inhibit the production of the hormone. For the best effect you need:

Get rid of bad habits (drinking alcohol, smoking);
Switch to a healthy and balanced diet;
Sports activities (not necessarily bodybuilding).

The effect of eliminating bad habits is clear to everyone and there is no need to dwell on this point. But let’s focus on the last two.

Secrets of a balanced diet

The first thing you need to pay attention to is vitamin and mineral complexes, which should be present in the daily diet. Most likely, you are deficient in zinc, magnesium and vitamin D.

For normal condition and functioning, the body needs to consume the following amount of these elements per day:

Zinc - 20 mg;
Vitamin D - 500-1000 IU;
Magnesium - 350 mg;
Calcium - 2g.

To fill the gaps in essential micronutrients, include foods such as:

Also a huge amount necessary substances for the production of testosterone is found in foods such as:

Also, do not forget to include in your daily diet such healthy treats as various kinds dried fruits.

Proper nutrition is good, and all the beneficial substances they contain should compensate for their lack in the body. A the best way to create an energy deficit are physical exercises. lasts at least 7-8 hours.

- Get rid of stress

Nervous tension contributes to the release of cortisol into the blood. And he, in turn, suppresses the effect of testosterone in every possible way. Forget about worrying about little things, stop getting upset over trifles and smile more often.

- Use cardio training

Include jogging regularly in your workouts. This type of exercise helps to quickly burn fat in the abdominal area. Otherwise, all these deposits will convert testosterone into female sex hormones.

- Positive emotional background

Not only muscle tone promotes the healthy functioning of all body systems. Don't forget to keep your mind sharp. Rejoice more, create vivid memories and extreme situations that will accelerate your psyche to the desired state in order to create that very positive mood. Sign up for classes at a fitness club, after all, where representatives of the fair sex live, or take a pretty friend with you for company.

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The sex hormone testosterone is synthesized in both male and female bodies. But in men, natural testosterone is produced in larger volume than that of the fair sex. It is thanks to this hormone that men develop characteristic signs: a low timbre of their voice, the presence of a significant amount of hair on the body and face, and the development of certain sex glands. How and where is testosterone produced, which is responsible for the functioning of reproductive system men, as well as his libido, will be discussed in this article.

The hormone testosterone in the male body is secreted by the testicles (testicles) and adrenal glands. The main function of this biologically active substance is the development of the reproductive system of a young man in teenage years, as well as regulation of male sexual activity in adulthood.

Normal volume hormone levels range from 12.5 to 40.6 nmol/l. At normal levels, testosterone performs following functions:

Ensures the full development and functioning of the organs of the male reproductive system (testicles, prostate, penis).
It is directly involved in protein synthesis in muscles, due to which they increase.
Affects the appearance of young man secondary sexual characteristics (excessive hair on the body and face).
Improves blood circulation in the genitals, promoting healthy erections in men.
Reduces cholesterol levels and also distributes fat deposits evenly throughout the body, preventing obesity.
Affects the timbre of the voice of a representative of the stronger sex, making it lower than that of women.
Takes part in the psychophysiological functioning of a man’s behavior, giving his character masculine qualities.
Forms sexual attraction.

Although the male hormone is produced in the body around the clock, its release into the blood is minimal at 20-22 hours, and in the morning hours (6-8 am) is maximum.

The main volume of the steroid hormone is produced in the testicles (about 5-12 mg/day). In addition, the testicles produce estrogen, androstenedione and DHA.

In addition, the hormone is also produced by the adrenal cortex, but in a smaller volume.

The synthesis of the steroid substance is carried out by tubular epithelial cells and Leydig cells located in the testicles. The hormone is synthesized from cholesterol, which enters the male body with food.

The synthesis occurs as follows:

Cholesterol enters cells from the bloodstream in the form of low-density lipoproteins or acetate.
Thanks to sequential reactions occurring in the cells of the testes, cholesterol is converted into androstenedione.
When two androstenedione molecules combine, testosterone is formed.

The hypothalamic-pituitary system controls the process of testosterone synthesis. The functioning of this system is based on the fact that a signal about the amount of synthesized steroid hormone is received from the testicular cells to the hypothalamus. The feedback principle begins to work. The required amount of gonadotropins is produced when testosterone levels are normal. If the volume of testosterone released into the blood does not correspond to the normal value (increases or decreases), then the level of gonadotropins also changes.

In a healthy male, the level of the steroid substance changes during the day, and in the morning its concentration is several times higher than during the day and night. In addition, testosterone levels are also influenced by the time of year: in autumn, its volume increases. In representatives of the stronger sex, the synthesis of the sex hormone is almost twenty times higher than in women. This is obvious, because its main function is to ensure the full functioning of the male reproductive system. A decrease or increase in hormonal levels has a negative impact on the well-being and sexual activity of a young man, and is also fraught with serious complications.

change in libido;
sudden changes in mood for no apparent reason;
erectile disfunction;
fragility of bones.

A few days before taking laboratory tests, it is recommended to give up alcohol and smoking, as well as intense physical activity. If the patient takes any medications, you need to inform your doctor about this.

Some medications affect the indicators, therefore, if possible, their use will need to be stopped 7-10 days before the test.

The laboratory technician takes blood from a vein, in the serum of which the level of testosterone is determined. Significant deviations from normal indicators indicate the development of endocrine disorders in the patient.

At first glance, it may seem that increasing the level of the male hormone will have a beneficial effect on the health of a male representative: more pronounced secondary sexual characteristics, increased sexual activity, etc. But not everything is so simple, because an increase in hormonal levels leads to the following consequences:

An increase in red blood cells in the blood.
Increased risk of prostate cancer.
Oily skin, which contributes to the occurrence of blackheads, acne and other skin diseases.
Increased hair on the body, but bald spots on the head.
Disturbance in the process of sperm production, which, in turn, can lead to the development of infertility.
Apnea at night, which is fraught with oxygen starvation.

One should not think that representatives of the stronger sex, who synthesize testosterone in significant quantities, look very attractive: tall, muscular, handsome men with luxurious hair.

Patients who have increased hormonal background, usually, short, with a receding hairline on the head, but abundant hair on the rest of the body. In addition, increased testosterone provokes excessive aggressiveness and hot temper.

The reasons that cause increased hormone production in men are as follows:

lack of globulin, which reduces testosterone activity;
various tumors and neoplasms in the testicles that enhance the functioning of Leydig cells;
chromosome set XYY;
increased synthesis of sex hormones by the adrenal glands, which is observed in men with adrenogenital syndrome;
therapy with certain medications.

A significant increase in testosterone levels in tests is alarm signal requiring examination by an endocrinologist or other narrow specialists.

Decreased steroid hormone levels

With age, the level of testosterone in the male body decreases, and this is a variant of the norm. But if testosterone deficiency occurs in young man, then you need to consult an endocrinologist and undergo a detailed examination.

Hormone deficiency can cause the following symptoms:

Erectile dysfunction, refusal of intimacy.
Decreased muscle mass, which causes thinness and weakness in the body.
Partial or complete disappearance of secondary sexual characteristics.
Decreased body tone, which can lead to loss of strength, chronic fatigue and depression.
A decrease in metabolic rate, which is fraught with obesity and the formation of an effeminate figure (breasts, buttocks, etc.).
Bones become brittle and skin becomes loose.
Decreased mental activity.

Pathology in representatives of the stronger sex, characterized by a decrease in testosterone levels, is called hypotestosteronemia. The disease can be either congenital or acquired.

The reasons that slow down testosterone production are as follows:

Alcohol abuse. Alcohol slows down the synthesis of the hormone, and beer even contains an artificial analogue of female hormones.
Increased production of prolactin by the pituitary gland, observed with hyperprolactinemia.
Taking steroid drugs.
Prostate diseases.
Pathologies of the adrenal glands that disrupt their functioning.
A strict diet in which a man’s body does not receive enough carbohydrates.
Sedentary work, sedentary lifestyle.

In addition, free testosterone is poorly synthesized in a man’s body during the development of certain chronic diseases: AIDS, tuberculosis, diabetes, hypertension, etc.

Therefore, to determine the root cause of hormonal imbalance, you need to undergo full examination at the doctor's. Increasing testosterone levels on your own is dangerous and fraught serious consequences.

Depending on the test results showing changes in testosterone levels in the blood, the doctor determines further treatment tactics. If no serious violations are identified, and the deviation of the hormone from normal values insignificant, it is enough to limit yourself to changing your lifestyle and adjusting your diet.

Normalization of sleep

The bulk of testosterone in a man’s body is formed early in the morning, so if a representative of the stronger sex sleeps poorly and gets up too early, then his body simply does not have time to synthesize the required amount of hormones. All medications prescribed by an endocrinologist to increase testosterone levels will not bring the expected effect if the patient sleeps less than 7 to 8 hours a day.

Some men get a full night’s sleep in just six hours – it all depends on the individual characteristics of the body. The main thing is that the male representative wakes up cheerful and completely rested.

To normalize sleep quality, experts recommend:

ventilate the bedroom well, and in the warm season sleep with the window open;
refuse a warm blanket;
at night, wear thin underwear so as not to overheat the testicles;
do not overeat before bed, and also stop smoking and drinking alcohol.

Food contains a huge supply of stimulants that “push” our body to produce the necessary hormones.

Such food products include:

Seafood rich in protein and vitamins. Shrimp and crabs are especially beneficial for the male body.
Greens, fruits and vegetables not only nourish our body essential microelements and vitamins, but also neutralize toxins that enter it along with junk food.
Hot spices that stimulate the body's processing of estrogen, as well as its elimination.
A variety of cereals containing fiber. Fiber increases blood supply to the pelvis, which promotes the production of testosterone by the testicles.

Sports activities

Physical activity is a great way to normalize testosterone levels in the male body. But exercise should be moderate, since severe fatigue can cause the opposite result.

The optimal regime of sports activities is no more than three times a week. Moreover, one lesson should not exceed 60 minutes. Dedicate a quarter of an hour to warming up, and then you can begin more difficult exercises.

Quitting bad habits

Since alcohol abuse and smoking tobacco negatively affect the body's production of testosterone, bad habits must be completely abandoned or reduced to a minimum.

During the period of treatment for hormonal imbalance, it is important to completely abstain from alcoholic beverages, even low-alcohol ones.

If diet changes and lifestyle adjustments do not give the expected result, then the endocrinologist may prescribe the patient drug treatment, including hormone replacement drugs.

Medicines, which include exogenous testosterone, are prescribed to patients very rarely, and the dosage of medications is calculated based on test results, the individual characteristics of the patient’s body and accompanying pathologies. As a result of therapy with an exogenous steroid drug, the patient's hormone levels in the body are normalized, since the synthesis of natural testosterone is restored.

Testosterone in the female body

In the female body, testosterone is produced by the adrenal glands and ovaries. But in the fair sex, its blood content is ten times lower than in men. With normal hormonal levels, a woman should not notice secondary sexual characteristics characteristic of the stronger sex.

In the bodies of girls and women steroid hormone helps to fully develop:

bone marrow;
skeleton;
ovaries.

Testosterone promotes growth muscle tissue and gives strength, and also normalizes blood sugar levels. In addition, testosterone increases sexual activity and prevents the development cardiovascular pathologies. Good metabolism in the body is also directly related to this hormone.

A representative of the fair sex by nature should be beautiful and sexy, and this process is influenced by her hormonal levels.

The level of testosterone in the body of women and men is determined primarily by genetics: each of us has our own hormonal levels, so we differ from each other in character, temperament, behavior and appearance.

Hormones play an important role in the functioning of our body, and the most important thing in this matter is stability and harmony in everything. Any disturbance in the synthesis of testosterone and other hormones leads to the fact that a person begins to develop endocrine pathologies varying degrees gravity. To maintain their health, well-being and appearance as normal, representatives of the stronger sex must control their hormonal levels and know how to improve the situation before the violations cause severe consequences.

The main male sex hormone (androgen), which plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues (testes, prostate gland), in the formation and development of male secondary sexual characteristics; occupies an important place in metabolism, sexual desire, mood regulation; affects the cognitive functions of the brain (the ability to understand, cognize, study, realize, perceive and process the information received).
Normal testosterone levels play a huge role in maintaining optimal weight and also reduces the risk of degenerative diseases such as osteoporosis, heart disease, diabetes, and certain types of cancer.
Testosterone is an anabolic steroid hormone also used by athletes to build muscle mass, increase physical energy (strength) and endurance. Long-term use may cause a temporary decrease in the production of your own testosterone.

Physiological effects of testosterone

The physiological effect that the hormone testosterone has on the body of mammals, including humans, can be classified as:

Anabolic effect includes accelerating muscle growth and physical strength, increase in density bone tissue(bone calcification), stimulation of linear bone growth, promotes the maturation of bone tissue. Anabolic effect testosterone stimulates protein synthesis in the body, participates in the regulation of lipoprotein synthesis by the liver, modulates the synthesis of b-endorphins (“joy hormones”), insulin, ensures the retention of nitrogen, potassium, calcium, sulfur, phosphates, as well as sodium, chlorine, and water in the body.

Androgenic effect in men it is expressed by the formation of the reproductive system according to the male type, the development of male secondary sexual characteristics during puberty (changes in voice timbre, growth of beard and axillary hair, etc.), activates sexual desire, spermatogenesis and potency, and is responsible for the psychophysiological characteristics of sexual behavior.
In women, testosterone is involved in the mechanism of follicle regression in the ovaries and in the regulation of the level of gonadotropic hormones of the pituitary gland.

The effects of testosterone can be classified according to time periods

Prenatal period

In the prenatal period (from 4 to 6 weeks of pregnancy) under the influence of androgens occurs:
Genital virilization (in this process the role of testosterone is much less than dihydrotestosterone).
Development of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles.
Feminization or masculinization of the fetus occurs, i.e. formation of the sex of the unborn child. Gender identity is biological in nature, inherent in every person from birth and is not a matter of choice and is not subject to education.

Early childhood period

The level of androgens (testosterone) begins to increase, which is observed in both boys and girls and is expressed:
Adult type body odor. Sebaceous and apocrine glands become active during puberty. Apocrine sweat glands - (they are located in the armpits, around the nipples and in the groin), begin to function upon reaching puberty, when the hormonal status in the body changes. The glands secrete a secretion (sweat), which is believed to act on a subconscious level as a signal to attract the opposite sex.
Increased oiliness of skin and hair, acne. Most often, blackheads (acne) form in adolescence, as a rule, this is caused by an increase in testosterone levels, which steadily increases during puberty, regardless of the sex of the child.
The appearance of hair on the pubis and in the armpit, hair growth on upper lip. Beginning of puberty.
"Growth spurt" accelerated maturation skeletal bones

Puberty

Puberty, or puberty, is the time when physical condition During adolescence, dramatic changes occur, in particular a “growth spurt” and the formation of secondary sexual characteristics; Girls begin to menstruate (menarche), and boys experience the ability to ejaculate. In addition, this period is characterized by important changes in the psyche.
The average age of puberty for women ranges from 10-13 years, and for men, about 10-14 years. Puberty occurs earlier in girls than in boys.

Effect of pubertal hormones:
Extension sebaceous glands, this can lead to acne. Reduction of subcutaneous fat on the face.
Enlargement of the phallus, clitoris. Increased libido. Increased spermatogenesis, male fertility.
Pubic hair extending to the thighs and up to the navel, hair growth on the face (sideburns, beard, mustache), on the legs, chest, armpits.
Loss of hair on the scalp (androgenetic alopecia).
Increased strength and muscle mass.
Deepening and deepening of the voice. Adam's apple growth.
Growth of the jaw, forehead, chin. Shoulders become wider and rib cage is expanding.
Completion of bone tissue maturation.

Testosterone biosynthesis

The largest amount of testosterone (> 95%) in men is produced by the testicles. In the testicles of men, testosterone is secreted by the Leydig cells of the testes. In small quantities in both sexes, testosterone is produced by the adrenal cortex and even the skin (Zouboulis CC, Degitz K 2004).
Female body produces testosterone in significantly smaller quantities than men. The ovaries are responsible for the synthesis of testosterone in women; in addition, the placenta is capable of secreting testosterone.
Like other steroid hormones, testosterone is derived from cholesterol.

The amount of testosterone produced is regulated by hormones that are produced in the brain appendage - the pituitary gland, under the influence of neuroendocrine transmitters of the hypothalamus (liberins and statins).
The mechanism of testosterone synthesis can be considered on the so-called “Hypothalamus-pituitary-testes arc”.

When testosterone levels are low, the hypothalamus, located just above the brain stem, produces the hormone gonadorelin or gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which in turn stimulates the pituitary gland to release follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Next, these two hormones, circulating in the blood, stimulate the testicles to produce testosterone.
Subsequently, these hormones are involved in the regulation of testosterone levels in the blood: increased testosterone levels feedback through the hypothalamus and pituitary gland to inhibit the release of GnRH and FSH/LH, respectively. Those. we see a system with feedback hypothalamus - pituitary gland - testes.

Most testosterone circulating in the blood is bound to a carrier protein, which helps it move in the blood plasma from the site where testosterone is produced to the areas (target tissues) where it has an effect. This protein is called sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG).
When testosterone is transported by SHBG, it is considered "bound". In the form bound to transport proteins, testosterone hormone is inactive and unavailable for metabolic inactivation. Bound testosterone cannot play an active role in the body, and only unbound or free testosterone, entering various cells body, has its androgenic and anabolic effects. Thus, anything that affects the function or amount of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) can also affect the total amount of circulating active testosterone.

Testosterone level

On average, in an adult male, the concentration of testosterone in the blood plasma is 7-8 times higher than in adult woman, and, due to the fact that the metabolic needs of testosterone are greater in men, its daily production is approximately 20 times greater in men than in women, who are more sensitive to the testosterone hormone.
Testosterone levels can be identified using a simple laboratory analysis blood. Blood sampling for analysis is usually prescribed in the morning, when, regardless of sexual activity, testosterone levels are highest; during the day, testosterone levels can decrease by as much as 13%.

Normal total testosterone levels in men range from 300 to 1000 ng/dL (or 11 to 33 nmol/L)
Levels between 500 and 700 ng/dL are considered sufficient for young, healthy men from 20 to 40 years.

Among women maximum concentration testosterone is determined in the luteal phase and during ovulation. In pregnant women, testosterone concentration increases by the third trimester, exceeding almost 3 times the concentration in non-pregnant women. During menopause, testosterone concentrations decrease.
Normal testosterone levels in women are 7 - 78 ng/dL (0.24-2.7 nmol/L).

Table. Testosterone levels in men and women

			Median ng/dl	Reference value, ng/dL
Testosterone levels in men 20-49 years old			625,0	286,0 - 1511,0
Testosterone levels in men over 50 years of age			438,0	212,0 - 742,0
Testosterone levels in adult women	After puberty and before menopause	Follicular phase	48,0	up to 118.0
		Ovulatory phase	58,0	21,0 - 104,0
		Luteal phase	44,0	up to 119.0
	Common for women
	Pregnancy	First trimester	70,0	3,0 - 230,0
		Second trimester	90,0	30,0 - 200,0
		Third trimester	110,0	30,0 - 190,0

Different clinical laboratories may measure testosterone using different unit systems. Testosterone measurement units: nmol/L or ng/dL.

Conversion factor: ng/dl * 0.0347= nmol/l

Low level testosterone. Testosterone deficiency. Testosterone deficiency. Hypotestosteronemia

Beginning around age 30, men experience a decline in testosterone of about 1.5 percent per year. Testosterone depletion is a normal consequence of aging in men and one of the reasons for the increased risk of developing. Men with a 10-12% decrease in the level of the male sex hormone testosterone are effeminate, soft, and sensitive. Conversely, those whose blood serum testosterone levels are 10-12% higher than normal are characterized by aggressiveness and a decreased sense of self-preservation. As soon as representatives of the stronger sex get a little nervous, overexert themselves, get sick or go hungry, the level of the male hormone testosterone in the blood decreases. A lack of the male hormone testosterone in the blood can cause changes in men's behavior, making them more irritable and causing them to experience bouts of depressed mood.
Clinically, a decrease in testosterone is manifested by symptoms of hypogonadism (loss of muscle mass and strength, decreased bone density, increased amount of adipose tissue, decreased libido, etc.).
Typically, a man's plasma total testosterone level below 300 ng/dL is considered low, and treatment is often prescribed for total testosterone levels below 350 ng/dL.
After menopause, only a small amount of testosterone is produced in women's bodies and women are at much greater risk of developing osteoporosis/osteopenia and other chronic diseases later in life.

Testosterone deficiency (also called hypotestosteronism or hypotestosteronemia) is abnormally low testosterone production. It may occur due to testicular dysfunction (primary hypogonadism) or due to hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction (secondary hypogonadism) and may be congenital or acquired.

What interferes with testosterone production?

Firstly, alcohol. Ethanol suppresses the synthesis of the male sex hormone testosterone. The second antipode of testosterone is excess weight. Over time, excess body fat can turn a man into a creature of the middle sex. The fact is that in the male body, in addition to androgens and testosterone, a small amount of female hormones is always produced, and in the female - male hormones. If a man's weight is 30% higher than normal, endocrine system suspends the production of testosterone and increases the production of estrogen and progesterone. Under their influence, the male figure takes on effeminate forms. Here we can advise you to do strength exercises. Scientists have long found out that testosterone levels increase significantly after exercising with dumbbells.

Causes reduced level testosterone

A decrease in testosterone levels is caused by:
∙ Violation of the production of gonadotropic hormones of the pituitary gland (including hyperprolactinemia);
∙ Taking glucocorticoids (reduce the sensitivity of tissues to thyroid hormones and sex hormones);
∙ Adrenal insufficiency;
∙ Hypogonadism;
∙ Chronic prostatitis(men);
∙ (men);
∙ Taking medications such as: danazol (in low doses), buserin, carbamazepine, cimetidine, cyclophosphamide, cyproterone, dexamethasone, goserelin, ketoconazole, leuprolide, levonorgestrel, magnesium sulfate, methandrostenolone, methylprednisolone, metyrapone, nafarelin (women), nandrolone, octreotide, oral contraceptives for women, pravastatin (men), prednisone, pyridoglutethimide, spironolactone, stanozolol, tetracycline, thioridazine;
∙ Intake of easily digestible carbohydrates, vegetarianism, fasting, alcoholism, low-fat diet (for women).

High testosterone levels

It is known that high levels of testosterone increase libido, so a man whose level of this hormone is high is usually sexually active, easily aroused and tireless in sex.
However, there are negative signs that indicate that a man has high testosterone levels.
∙ Often an excess of testosterone is the cause of teenage skin problems (acne, pimples and oily skin).
∙ High levels of testosterone provoke an increase in hematocrit (the portion of blood volume accounted for by red blood cells).
∙ Exacerbation of sleep apnea. Apnea is a condition characterized by the cessation of pulmonary ventilation during sleep for more than 10 seconds.
∙ Increases susceptibility to.
∙ High testosterone promotes excessive body hair and causes “male” type, thinning hair.
∙ Exogenous testosterone causes suppression of spermatogenesis and can lead to infertility.
∙ High testosterone levels in men are believed to accelerate the aging process.
Testosterone is sometimes called the winning hormone. Its level in the blood increases after a victory in a fight, after successfully solving some problems. The feeling of satisfaction and festive mood that surrounds the winner slows down the formation of stress hormones that ensured the achievement of victory. There is an increased release of testosterone. It is clear that stress hormones (cortisol) and testosterone act in opposite ways
Recent research (2012) showed that men with increased testosterone levels lied less. According to the researchers, the testosterone hormone likely increases feelings of pride and the desire to create a positive self-image in one's own eyes.

Causes of High Testosterone Levels

An increase in testosterone levels is caused by:
∙ Itsenko-Cushing's disease and syndrome;
∙ Adrenogenital syndrome(women);
∙ Testosterone-producing testicular neoplasms (men);
∙ Chromosome set XYY (men);
∙ Virilizing ovarian tumor (women);
∙ Decrease in the level of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG);
∙ Taking medications such as: danazol, dehydroepiandrosterone, finasterine, flutamide, gonadotropin (in men), goserelin (in the first month of treatment), levonorgestrel, mifepristone, moclobemide, nafarelin (men), nilutamide, oral contraceptives (women), phenytoin, pravastatin (women), rifampin, tamoxifen;
∙ Excessive physical exercise.

Stabilization of testosterone levels

∙ Nutrition is key to stabilizing testosterone levels. It must be a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, plant fibers, phytonutrients. Grains and glucose stimulate higher levels of insulin and cortisol. Cortisol is a regulator of carbohydrate metabolism in the body, and also takes part in the development of stress reactions (stress hormone); its high levels play a critical role in the process of blocking testosterone (cortisol is the antithesis of testosterone). A healthy blood sugar balance is critical to stabilizing cortisol and increasing testosterone levels.

∙ Mono and polyunsaturated fats Not only will they help normalize cholesterol levels, but they will also qualitatively improve the catalytic processes in your body. A study from the University of Iowa noted that unsaturated fats help you absorb more nutrients from foods. For example, fat as one of the components of salad dressing contributes to better absorption useful substances from vegetables. In addition, the use unsaturated fats directly related to testosterone levels. The meal plan should consist of adequate amounts of good fats such as,.

∙ Avoid xenoestrogens - synthetic compounds that have the same effect on the body as female sex hormones, reducing testosterone levels. Xenoestrogens are found in tap water, plastics, household cleaning products, deodorants, soaps, cosmetics and body lotions.
The xenoestrogen bisphenol A (BPA) is a weak estrogen and for a long time it was believed that its doses received by humans in everyday life have no effect significant impact on health status. But it has now been proven that, accumulating in the body, BPA can have a hormone-like effect on all organs and systems that have estrogen receptors.

∙ High intensity physical exercise is critical for increasing testosterone. Exercises should be explosive in nature with maximum muscle overload. The workout should be short (5-30 minutes) with minimal rest time between sets.

∙Using high quality whey protein sources post-workout increases testosterone. It's connected with high concentration branched chain amino acids such as leucine in whey protein shake. Whey protein is obtained from whey produced during the production of cheese.

(Zn). Zinc deficiency reduces testosterone levels. To increase your testosterone levels, you first need to take care of your zinc levels in your body. Include seafood (for example, oysters are high in zinc), wholemeal bread, brown rice, green leafy vegetables, lean, lean meats and brittle cheeses such as Cheshire or Lancaster. One of the best sources of zinc is pumpkin seeds.
Zinc increases sperm count and sperm motility. High zinc levels also mean lower estrogen and prolactin levels, thereby reducing the risk of prostate disease.
Too much zinc can lead to mineral imbalances and can absorb other minerals, leading to immune problems.

∙ According to a study conducted by scientists from the Medical University of Graz, Austria, published in the journal Clinical Endocrinology, tanning increases testosterone in men. Since vitamin D is produced by the body under the influence sun rays, scientists recommend light-skinned people according to at least, 15 minutes of sunbathing daily on the face and hands, while people with dark skin may take three times longer. Researchers tested the relationship between vitamin D and testosterone in 2,299 men over several months. They found that vitamin D levels and testosterone levels peaked during the summer months and fell during winter period. They also found that men who had at least 30 ng of vitamin D in every milliliter of blood had the highest levels of circulating testosterone.

∙ You also need to make sure that the body gets enough, especially B6 and B12, which bring testosterone and other sex hormones into a happy balance.

Testosterone and Cardiovascular Health

Recent studies have shown conflicting results regarding the importance of testosterone in maintaining cardiovascular health. However, maintaining normal level testosterone levels in older men, improves many parameters that reduce risk cardiovascular diseases, such as: increased muscle mass, decreased visceral fat mass, etc.
Men whose testosterone levels are slightly above average are less likely to have high blood pressure They are less likely to have heart attacks, less likely to be obese, and rate their health as good. However, men with high testosterone levels are more likely to be injured, are more likely to drink alcohol, are more likely to have had sexually transmitted infections, and are more likely to smoke.

Testosterone and Prostate Cancer

Prostate (prostate) cancer can develop in any man over 45-50 years of age. Its reasons have not yet been fully elucidated. The development of prostate cancer is associated with hormonal changes in older men, in particular with high levels of testosterone, the male sex hormone. Prostate cancer is a hormone-dependent tumor; its growth is stimulated by testosterone. Therefore, in men whose testosterone levels in the blood are higher than normal, the occurrence of prostate cancer is more likely and its course will be more severe.
A 2006 article in the journal Urology noted that: “Prostate cancer can become clinical within a few months to several years of starting testosterone treatment. ... When prescribing testosterone supplements, physicians should inform patients receiving them of this risk. The doctor should frequently perform fingerprints during treatment. rectal examination prostate."
Increased production of dihydrotestosterone from testosterone in prostate tissue is associated with prostate hypertrophy and hyperplasia, the development of prostate adenoma and, possibly, an increased likelihood of developing prostate cancer.

Testosterone, sex and family

Men with high testosterone levels are more likely to have extramarital sex and divorce.
Fatherhood lowers testosterone levels in men, it is believed that this occurs as a result of emotional and behavioral changes and promotes paternal care.
Marriage or commitment can actually lead to lower testosterone levels.
If “love has passed”, testosterone levels decrease in men, and testosterone levels increase in women.
Men who watch sexually explicit films have an average of 35% higher testosterone levels than those who watch sexually neutral films. Testosterone reaches its maximum level 60-90 minutes after the end of the film. Men who watch sexy movies also report increased optimism and decreased fatigue.

Testosterone and sport

Testosterone is an anabolic steroid hormone that acts by increasing muscle protein synthesis and is used by athletes to develop muscle mass, strength, and endurance. As a result, muscle fibers they become larger and recover faster than the average person. Testosterone is considered a form of doping in most sports. There are several methods to increase testosterone levels: intramuscular injections, transdermal gel and patches (testosterone absorption occurs through the skin), implantable capsules, oral and nasal products. Long-term use of drugs that increase testosterone can cause a temporary decrease in the production of your own testosterone hormone. And also, with a long course of testosterone in athletes, a decrease in testicle size was observed.

Testosterone and women's health

Testosterone patches are effective in treating low libido in postmenopausal women. Low libido can occur as a symptom or as a result of hormonal use. contraception. Women can also use testosterone therapy to increase vitality and energy, to treat or prevent loss of bone density, muscle mass, and to treat certain types of diabetes.
Low testosterone levels in women after menopause can trigger the development of osteoporosis and other chronic diseases.
Women treated with testosterone, due to changes in bone and muscle density, may experience weight gain without an increase in body fat.
Undesirable effects Testosterone therapy in women can manifest itself in the form of thinning hair, increased oiliness of the skin, which leads to the formation of acne.
There is a theoretical risk that testosterone therapy may increase the risk of breast or gynecological cancer.

Testosterone and baldness

In men, approximately 5-7% of testosterone is metabolized into the more active androgen dihydrotestosterone. Increased production of dihydrotestosterone in hair follicles is associated with excessive body hair and/or “male” type baldness (androgenetic alopecia) on the head in both sexes.
Unlike other androgens such as testosterone, dihydrotestosterone cannot be converted by the enzyme aromatase into estradiol.
Men with androgenetic alopecia typically have higher levels of 5-alpha reductase, decreased levels of total testosterone, increased levels of unbound (free) testosterone, and higher levels of total free androgens including dihydrotestosterone.
The 5-alpha reductase genes are responsible for converting free testosterone into dihydrotestosterone, so medications that inhibit the process of testosterone conversion (for example, finasteride) are used to treat hair loss.
In women with increased level dihydrotestosterone may develop androgynous secondary sexual characteristics (deepening of the voice, growth of facial hair). Women are less likely to suffer from classic male pattern baldness. Instead, hair becomes thinner throughout the entire scalp. This type of androgenetic alopecia in women rarely leads to complete baldness.

New discoveries
In August 2012, scientists from the University of Pennsylvania reported that prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) is present on the scalp of balding men at much higher levels than normal, inhibiting hair growth and preventing hair from maturing. hair follicles. Dr. George Cotsarelis and his team report that discussions are currently underway with several pharmaceutical companies and treatments for androgenetic alopecia will be available within two years.

A 2012 study by Korean scientists found that Grateloupia elliptica, a red algae native to Jeju, South Korea, has great potential for treating androgenetic alopecia as well as alopecia areata.

The effect of medicinal plants on testosterone

Testosterone levels decline with age, but numerous herbs and nutrients can help increase blood levels of this hormone. Low testosterone levels increase the risk of heart problems, depression, osteoporosis and dementia. Decreased testosterone causes a condition known as andropause.
Increasing testosterone in the blood will help restore health and reverse the signs of aging.

∙ Most clinical trials on fertility show that the sheets do not affect the fertility of men and women. However, one study found that an aqueous extract of stevia leaves reduced testosterone and sperm levels in male rats.

∙ Japanese researchers have shown that the active ingredient in the root, glycyrrhizic acid, causes a clinically insignificant decrease in testosterone levels. Licorice preparations reduce high testosterone levels in women with ovarian cysts and increase their fertility. Large amounts of licorice long-term use can increase blood pressure.

∙ According to some advertising brochures presenting Tribulus terrestris ( Tribulus terrestris) On the market sports nutrition, it follows that Tribulus helps build muscle mass by increasing the synthesis of the hormone testosterone. The plant was borrowed from Ayurvedic Indian medicine. But these claims are based on unclear and questionable evidence rather than the results of serious scientific research. There are no positive data on the effect of Tribulus terrestris extract on androgen production.
Tribulus terrestris has indeed been used in Indian medicine as a stimulant. As a result of numerous studies conducted on laboratory animals, it was revealed that some substances contained in Tribulus terrestris promote sperm formation and increase libido, thereby affecting the level of reproduction of offspring. But about such an action of this herbal remedy It is quite difficult to judge people, since such studies have not been conducted. So all such statements are more conjectural than conclusive. There are serious doubts about the effect of this plant on muscle growth and testosterone production in humans. In any case, Tribulus terrestris should only be used under the supervision of a physician or herbalist.
P.S. The common name for Tribulus Terrestris is Puncture Vine. A study was found in which, under the influence of Tribulus, there was an increase in testosterone in chimpanzees by more than 50%. The effects were noticeable only after a few days.

∙ Muira Puama ( Ptychopetalum olacoides) - South American shamans and healers have used this plant from the Brazilian rainforests for generations. Muira Puama is considered the most powerful aphrodisiac and has been used for many centuries as the most effective remedy treatment of impotence and as a tonic for the nervous system. Relieves stress, optimizes the functions of the nervous system, and especially that part of it that is responsible for the “erotic mood” of a man. As a result of research at the University of California (UCLA), it was possible to prove that Muira Puama increases testosterone production in men.

∙ Polygonum multiflora ( Polygonum mutliflorum) (in Chinese Fo Ti, Hoshou Wu) is used in Eastern medicine as an aphrodisiac and a means of longevity. Polygonum multiflorum is a natural testosterone booster.

∙ The root was used in South America as a drink to increase male power. In a test involving men with prostate cancer, maca increased libido but did not significantly increase blood testosterone levels.

∙ and cauliflower contain natural ingredients that help the body eliminate estrogen, thereby increasing testosterone.

∙ Tea helps reduce testosterone levels

∙ Another way to increase testosterone is to consume foods rich in essential amino acid - .
A recent study found that men who took about two grams of L-arginine per day for two weeks experienced improvements in testosterone production. Another study where men took five grams of L-arginine per day showed similar results.

∙ Smilax forget-me-not or Sarsaparilla ( Smilax myosotiflora) is a herbaceous shrub native to the tropical evergreen forests of Thailand, East India, the Malay Peninsula, China, Japan and the islands Pacific Ocean. It has been used in Eastern medicine for centuries and is known for its powerful stimulating effect. Moreover, this effect applies to both men and women. For a long time this plant was considered magical, and only recently the mechanism of its action was discovered.
Smilax stimulates the body's production of testosterone by blocking the action of statins, activates the synthesis of corticoid hormones (powerful anti-inflammatory agents), reduces excess production of luteinizing hormone from the pituitary gland (occurs in hypogonadism, gonadal dysgenesis, castration syndrome), stimulates the work of Leydig cells (cells that produce testosterone in men ), helps to increase the quantity and quality of sperm (which improves reproductive function).

∙ Research has also shown that the dietary supplement acetyl-L-carnitine increases testosterone production. Acetyl-L-Carnitine is used to burn fat and build muscle, this is important nutrient increases testosterone and luteinizing hormone levels.