How can a man prepare for conception? Courses for young parents. Be careful with medications

You've decided to take the plunge into parenthood. But wait a little, put off trying to get pregnant for a month or two, at least, to give yourself the opportunity to prepare for pregnancy. We offer you a list of 14 points dedicated to what a child needs to ensure a pregnancy without complications, and a healthy future for your baby.

Make an appointment with your gynecologist

Before you start trying to get pregnant, you should contact your obstetrician-gynecologist, who will prescribe you a set of examinations. A mandatory manipulation when visiting a gynecologist is an internal vaginal examination with taking smears (for vaginal flora and cytological examination), as well as screening for sexually transmitted diseases.

Your doctor will carefully review your personal and family medical history, evaluate your health at the time of your visit, and determine whether you are taking medications. Some medications pose serious risks during pregnancy. But there are also drugs that should be excluded from taking long before conception, due to the fact that they accumulate in the fatty tissue of your body and linger there for a long time.

Your doctor will also discuss with you the rules of nutrition, your weight (if necessary, he will prescribe it for you), the possibility of physical exercise and the effect of bad habits on pregnancy and fetal development. Most likely, your obstetrician-gynecologist will recommend that you take a multivitamin, especially a rich one.

Some couples will also need to undergo genetic testing to rule out the risk of passing on diseases such as Tay-Sachs disease, cystic fibrosis or sickle cell disease to the child.

Review your family medical history

Find out if you (or your partner) have a history of chromosomal or chromosomal disorders such as Down syndrome, Tay-Sachs disease, sickle cell anemia, or bleeding disorders. Also find out if your family has a history of children with mental retardation or other developmental delays or anatomical defects (eg, heart defects, neural tube defects).

If such cases have occurred, then you will have to undergo prenatal tests and examinations by a geneticist for the risk of passing on a hereditary disease to your child.

Avoid infections

It is important to avoid all infections if possible when you are trying to get pregnant, especially those that could harm your unborn baby.

Stay away from foods such as unpasteurized milk, soft cheeses and other dairy products, cold deli meats, raw and undercooked fish and poultry. These products may contain dangerous bacteria that cause listeriosis, diseases of the digestive tract that may well cause miscarriage (in the first trimester) or stillbirth. You should also avoid unpasteurized juices because they may contain salmonella and E. coli.

Wear gloves when gardening. If you are the owner of a cat, it is better to ask someone close to you to clean her litter box - this way you will protect yourself from infection with toxoplasmosis. If you have not been vaccinated against influenza, be sure to do so, because influenza during pregnancy can lead to such serious complications as pneumonia and premature birth.

Take folic acid and watch your vitamin A

Taking folic acid is extremely important. By consuming 400 mcg of folic acid per day for 30 days before conception and throughout the first trimester of pregnancy, you can reduce the risk of having a baby with neural tube defects by 70%.

You can buy folic acid at the pharmacy as follows: separate drug, or get it from multivitamin complexes for expectant mothers. When purchasing vitamins, check the label to make sure they contain at least 400 mcg of folic acid.

Also make sure your multivitamin contains no more than 770 mcg (or 2565 IU) of vitamin A (beta-carotene). An excess of this vitamin can cause the development of birth defects.

Stock your refrigerator with exclusively healthy food

Although you are not “eating for two” yet, you still need to stock up on everything you need nutrients so that you can carry your baby without any problems.

Try to eat at least 2 servings of fruits and 2.5 servings of vegetables per day, and eat whole grains and high level calcium (milk fortified with calcium orange juice and yoghurts). Eat protein-rich foods such as beans, nuts, seeds, soy products, poultry and meat.

Pay special attention to the fish you eat

While fish is an excellent source of omega-3 fatty acids (which are important for your baby's brain and eye development), as well as protein, vitamin D and other nutrients, it also contains mercury, which is harmful to the body.

Most experts agree that pregnant women should eat some fish, but be sure to avoid the types of fish that contain the most mercury. Such fish include swordfish, shark, tilefish, king mackerel and some others.

Quit alcohol, smoking and drugs

If you smoke or take medications, now is the time to stop. Numerous studies have shown that smoking or taking drugs can lead to premature birth, miscarriage, as well as the birth of low-weight children. Keep in mind that some medications may remain in your body long after you stop taking them.

According to research, it has been proven that nicotine can affect fertility and reduce your partner's sperm count. Moreover, research has shown that even passive smoking provides Negative influence on your chances of getting pregnant.

Alcohol can also interfere with pregnancy, so it's best to avoid drinking it before you start trying to conceive. Be sure to refrain from any alcoholic drinks in the second half of the menstrual cycle. If you drink alcohol during pregnancy, your baby may have birth defects and many developmental problems.

It can be very difficult to give up bad habits right away. Don't hesitate to talk to your healthcare provider. He can recommend you effective ways and smoking or drug cessation programs.

Limit your caffeine intake

While caffeine's negative effects on conception have not been fully proven, experts agree that pregnant women and those trying to conceive should avoid consuming large quantities of it.

Some studies have found a link between high caffeine consumption and decreased fertility. It is better to limit the daily amount of caffeine you consume to 200 mg per day (that is, up to one cup of coffee), or avoid it altogether.

Keep your weight under control

It will be much easier for you to get pregnant if your weight is as close as possible to your ideal weight. Having a low or high body mass index (BMI) makes the process of conceiving more difficult. According to research, a BMI below 20 or a BMI above 24 has a negative impact on fertility.

If your weight is far from ideal, then losing or, conversely, gaining weight can help you get pregnant. give you the boost you need to conceive. Talk to your doctor about the best way to achieve a healthy weight.

Get some exercise

Start doing light exercise now and stick with it in the future, and you will be rewarded healthy body, fully prepared for pregnancy.

The exercise program should include 30 minutes or more daily of moderate exercise, such as walking, cycling or strength training.

To increase flexibility, you can try stretching or yoga. Even when you become pregnant, don't stop exercising (unless your doctor thinks it's dangerous, of course!).

If you really don't want to spend your time on exercise, then you can add more activity into your daily life by taking the stairs instead of the elevator or walking after work.

Visit a dentist

As you prepare for pregnancy, don't forget about your oral health. Hormonal changes during pregnancy can make your gums more susceptible to disease. Increased progesterone and estrogen can cause gums to react differently to bacteria in plaque. As a result, the gums become swollen, red, and bleed when brushing or flossing.

When planning to become pregnant, take care of the health of your teeth and periodontium. Visit your dentist regularly (at least once every six months) for examination and cleaning of plaque.

Reducing environmental risks

Of course, you can't completely eliminate all environmental hazards, but you can do everything you can to limit their exposure to your pregnancy and developing baby as much as possible.

If you are regularly exposed to chemicals or radiation, you may need to make some changes before you conceive. Also, keep in mind that some detergents, pesticides, and solvents can be harmful to a developing baby.

Find out when you ovulate

Some women simply stop using protection when they are mentally ready to get pregnant, and let conception be left to fate. Others, on the contrary, begin to keep charts basal temperature charts and monitor your body's various signals to try to determine your most fertile days each month.

You can use our conception (ovulation) calculator or start charting changes in your basal body temperature (BT) and personality cervical mucus. Keeping track of these symptoms over a period of several months can help you understand when you are ovulating.

In addition, at any pharmacy you can purchase a special ovulation test, which is based on the detection of luteal phase hormones in the urine, which is a signal that ovulation is approaching.

Stop using contraception

If you are using birth control pills, you may want to finish the pack you started to prevent irregular bleeding. It may take several months before your cycle returns to normal, but some women are able to conceive in their first cycle after stopping. oral contraceptives. But gynecologists still recommend using barrier method contraception (such as condoms) until your menstrual cycle returns to normal after stopping the pills. Also, before planning a pregnancy, be sure to remove your IUD (intrauterine devices, such as the IUD)!

We tried to tell you in as much detail as possible what is needed. Now everything depends only on you. Good luck!

conception...

Conception determines the beginning of pregnancy. It is necessary to prepare for this important step in advance so that nothing subsequently overshadows the meeting with your child. It is necessary to take into account many factors, such as age, the existence of hereditary and acquired diseases, nutrition, bad habits, etc. All this should be paid attention not after pregnancy, but before conception.

Our ancestors treated pregnancy as an absolute natural state women, and no wonder: not only in peasant families, but also in noble, merchant, and bourgeois families, women who gave birth to five to seven (and more) children were not considered “heroine mothers” at all. (Remember that abortion was prohibited by law and the Church and condemned by public opinion.) However, for those who are tormented by nostalgia for the “good old days,” it does not hurt to often remember that our ancestors also often contributed to miscarriage and even infant mortality They treated it very calmly: “God gave - God took” - that’s the whole story. Now times are different. Living conditions have changed, people's mentality has changed... And if you care about the health of your unborn child, if you care about how he will grow and develop, you should approach pregnancy with all responsibility - such a statement hardly needs extensive evidence today. I would like to explain in more detail what is behind it.

How does conception occur?
Conception is the formation of a new organism in the process of fusion of an egg with a sperm. Seminal fluid, consisting of several million sperm, has the ability to reduce the acidity of the vaginal environment, as a result of which they can remain in the female body for several days while waiting for the maturation of the egg. In a woman’s body, during sexual intercourse (during the ovulation period), an egg is released, the production of progesterone increases, as a result of which the uterus is prepared to receive the embryo and, as a result, conception occurs.

Briefly, the process of conception can be described as follows: release of the egg and ejaculation - fusion of sperm and egg - attachment of the egg to the uterus and its division - formation of the embryo

How to prepare for conception?

As a rule, in our society, about 20 percent of pregnant women think about preparing for childbirth, if not less, and about preparation for conception - at most 10%. And then, the overwhelming number of “conscious” couples are preparing for conception because it does not happen on its own, i.e. there is a possibility of infertility.

But there are issues related to preparing for conscious conception and not directly related to treatment and medical diagnoses.

There is an opinion that children themselves “choose” their parents and a good harmonious couple gives birth to exactly the child they are missing. Experts know that juggling the timing of conception according to a calendar convenient for parents, according to zodiac signs, etc. often ends in failure. And when the spouses give up: “Come what may,” then almost immediately they get wonderful children. Sometimes children "make a mistake" and then a very early miscarriage occurs. Naturally, all of the above applies to healthy parents who have not been treated for years for miscarriage and infertility.

Let's start with a banal enumeration.

It is advisable to start by determining your blood type and Rh factor, if they have not yet been determined. It would be good to put a stamp from a medical institution with this data in your passport. Positive Rh factor in a woman and negative in a man do not represent any cause for concern. If a woman has Rh-negative blood, and her husband has Rh-positive blood, then during pregnancy a Rh conflict may develop, so the woman is recommended to do a blood test for antibodies to the Rh factor before pregnancy. The fact is that if a woman suffered before pregnancy surgery(including abortion) or blood transfusion, or if this is not the first pregnancy, then there is a possibility of specific antibodies forming in her blood.

Rh factor is an antigen found in the red blood cells of humans and rhesus monkeys (hence the name). Based on the presence or absence of the Rh factor, organisms are divided into Rh-positive (about 85% of people) and Rh-negative (about 15% of people). During the pregnancy of an Rh-negative woman, a Rh-positive fetus is possible immune complications(hemolytic disease of newborns, etc.). To prevent complications, anti-Rhesus gamma globulin is administered.

IN last years It has been established that the interferon system is responsible for the body’s immunity to viral infection. Interferons are released by host cells in response to an infection that has invaded them. They selectively block viral RNA, preventing the virus from reproducing without affecting the host cells. This allows the use of interferons in preparation for a planned pregnancy.

A significant factor in miscarriage is a change in the body's immune response. Are developing autoimmune reactions directed against the body's own tissues. The number of autoantibodies can increase after spontaneous abortions, as there is autoimmunization to the hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy - human chorionic gonadotropin human (hCG), with chronic infection, after previous endocrine diseases, with autoimmune diseases (rheumatism, systemic lupus erythematosus, diffuse toxic goiter, myasthenia gravis, etc.).

Preparation for a planned pregnancy in patients with a chronic bacterial-viral infection includes the following steps:

Condition assessment reproductive system spouses, correction of identified violations;

Examination to identify an infectious agent (causative agent) - for this purpose, serodiagnosis is carried out, reflecting the degree of activity of the process;

Study of immune and, if necessary, interferon status, its correction;

Control and correction of the blood coagulation system (hemostasis), which is activated during chronic infection, directly participating in the processes of death and rejection of the fertilized egg;

Correction energy metabolism both spouses by prescribing courses of metabolic therapy (i.e. therapy based on metabolic correction).

If one of the spouses has general diseases, not related to the generative function, i.e. with childbirth
(the so-called extragenital pathology), such as: oncological, endocrine diseases, dysfunction of the heart, kidneys, liver, etc., consultation with a specialist with subsequent examination is necessary. The purpose of such an examination is to determine the degree of damage to the diseased organ, the adaptive capabilities of the body and the prognosis of fetal development. The study will allow us to determine the state of the reproductive system of future parents. Based on the data obtained, the doctor will determine the level of general (including reproductive) health and, if necessary, prescribe certain preparations for conception, eliminating risk factors for miscarriage.

The best preparation for pregnancy ---
This healthy image life, which includes many factors - nutrition, physical activity, mental comfort, hardening, fighting chronic foci of infection, changing hazardous work.

Proper nutrition is the key successful conception.
Proper nutrition in the period preceding conception will help the fetus receive useful material from the very beginning of pregnancy, when organ formation occurs. By the way, poor nutrition- one of the causes of miscarriages.

A nutritious diet completely excludes all preservatives and semi-finished products, fatty foods. Your diet should definitely include fresh fruits and vegetables. Food should be taken 4-5 times a day and in no case should you snack on the go. Conception determines the beginning of pregnancy. It is necessary to prepare for this important step in advance so that nothing subsequently overshadows the meeting with your child.

According to the Department of Dietetics of the St. Petersburg Medical Academy named after Mechnikov, pregnant women do not need food supplements and synthetic vitamins. IN as a last resort, as prescribed by a doctor, special mixtures can be used.

Folic acid occupies one of the leading places in the prevention of some congenital diseases. 2-3 months before conception and in the first 3 months of pregnancy, you need to eat foods containing folic acid: fresh herbs (without leaning too much on parsley), cabbage, beets, carrots, potatoes with skin, peas, beans, whole grains, bran, seeds and nuts.

If a woman gets enough plant proteins and spends enough time in the air, then vegetarianism does not interfere with conception and successful pregnancy.

The most common foci of chronic infection in the family- teeth, nasopharynx, vagina and intestines of the mother. Treat the whole family's teeth and monitor them closely. It is imperative that those who suffer from chronic diseases of the nasopharynx need to prevent exacerbations - washing and rinsing. The incidence of staphylococcal and streptococcal infections in newborns (which, as a rule, is blamed on the maternity hospital) could be significantly reduced if the family itself were not the source of infection. Also, when preparing for conception, future parents are examined for the presence of various chronic infections(ureaplasmosis, chlamydia), because the diseases found must be treated before pregnancy, and then undergo a rehabilitation course and improve immunity.

Stop using 2-3 months before you plan to conceive. hormonal contraceptives , because their residual amounts in the body reduce the absorption of vitamin C, magnesium, folic acid and increase the absorption of vitamin A. In addition, in the first months of withdrawal hormonal contraception the likelihood of having twins increases, because Not one, but two eggs can be released from the ovaries.

Spermatozoa mature within 2.5 - 3 months, therefore, during this time before conception, it is advisable not to do x-ray examinations, especially for dad.

Alcohol also negatively affects spermatogenesis. Some men say: the maturation period for sperm is approximately 3 months, and therefore conception is possible alcohol intoxication not so dangerous - after all, “old” and, possibly, “sober” sperm are ejected. At first glance, everything is so, but... Semen always contains “freak” spermatozoa - reproductive cells with various pathologies. IN normal conditions healthy sperm most often “overtake” sick ones. But alcohol, immediately upon entering the bloodstream, begins to have a toxic effect on the spermatic fluid, “responsible” for maintaining the viability of sperm. The change in motility and death of some normal sperm gives the unsuccessful ones a good chance to “reach” the egg. And therefore, the probability increases conception from "sperm freak".
What about women? They also shouldn’t have too close a friendship with the “green serpent,” if we're talking about about what is planned and desired conception. Based on, alas, very rich material, scientists have come to the conclusion that drinking alcohol before conception significantly increases the risk of miscarriage and the birth of a child with one or another pathology. Therefore, expectant parents are advised to minimize alcohol consumption approximately 3 months before the expected conception!

Overheating of the testicles in a bathhouse or when working in a hot shop, wearing underwear or jeans that are too tight can impair sperm quality. Remember that nature placed the testicles in the scrotum outside the body, and not in the abdominal cavity, because the comfortable temperature for them is 35 degrees.

If these conditions are met, the probability of successful conception and birth healthy child quite high.

But seeing a doctor before conceiving is a must. Only a specialist will help to detect hidden problems that can negatively affect the course of pregnancy and the unborn baby. One of the parents may turn out to be a carrier of a pathogenic gene, as a result of which even apparently healthy parents may have a defective or sick child. A child with a congenital defect can also be born to healthy parents as a result of disorders in the reproductive cells. The older the woman, the higher the risk of having such a child. Therefore, do not neglect consultations with geneticists and gynecologists when conceiving.

And don't forget that better preparation to conception is a healthy lifestyle, proper nutrition and peace of mind! Any stress for you and your body (even the simplest acute respiratory infection) can affect you.

Is the likelihood decreasing? conception a healthy child with a large age difference between parents?- this question worries many men and women now. The answer to this is simple: the age difference as such does not play any role in this case, the age itself is important.
The man's age. Let's start with the fact that it matters much less than a woman's age. In men, as in women, it begins with age natural process a gradual decrease in the synthesis of sex hormones (the main of which is the male sex hormone testosterone). The average onset of “male menopause,” or andropause, occurs between 45 and 60 years. However, a decrease in reproductive capacity does not mean its immediate and complete extinction. The natural rate of decline in testosterone synthesis is approximately 1% per year. By the age of 80, testosterone production decreases by an average of 20-50% relative to normal. But although the chances of becoming a father for an older man decrease with age, medicine has not proven that this has any effect on the probability conception a child with one or another pathology. That is, such a possibility, of course, exists (alas, no one is immune from it), but it practically does not depend in any way on the age of the man.
Woman's age. From a medical point of view, the optimal reproductive age of a woman is 20-35 years. Until the age of 20, a woman’s body (again, the “average” woman) cannot yet be considered fully formed; it is often not ready to endure the global hormonal and physiological changes associated with pregnancy. Women over 35 are diplomatically called older women reproductive age. Around this age (for some earlier, for others later) the natural decline in female reproductive function. However, it is not only a matter of reducing the likelihood conception. Unfortunately, after 35-40 years, a woman’s likelihood of conception a child with a genetic pathology (the most famous and common is Down syndrome). The mechanism of this phenomenon has not yet been precisely elucidated. However, thanks modern means prenatal diagnosis and the latest achievements medicine in the field of pregnancy management, the age limit for women bearing and giving birth to healthy children is rising literally before our eyes.
The age difference between parents - what does it affect? Here we move from scientifically verified facts into the realm of guesses and theories. There is, for example, an opinion that couples with a large age difference are more likely to give birth to, if not brilliant, then at least very smart and talented children. Medicine is unable to either confirm or refute this, because, firstly, no one has yet defined clear scientific criteria for intelligence, talent and genius, and secondly, it is unknown to what extent a child’s intellectual potential can be considered innate, and to what extent - a product of upbringing (do not forget that a large difference in years implies considerable age and, therefore, considerable baggage life experience one of the spouses). There is also a theory that the age difference between parents affects... the gender of the first child. According to British doctors who conducted special studies, it makes sense for mature men eager to have their first-born son to choose a younger life partner. Childless women of advanced childbearing age who dream of a daughter should also look for the father of their child among younger representatives of the opposite sex. However, systematic studies confirming such a dependence, as far as we know, have not been conducted anywhere in the world.

During pregnancy and childbirth, the female body experiences significant stress for everything vital important organs . The heart, kidneys, and liver work with double energy during pregnancy. They experience great stress on the nervous, immune, endocrine system. Providing for the body’s own needs fades into the background; maintaining the vital activity of the new complex “mother - placenta - fetus” becomes a priority. This requires resources. Even if the body has a sufficient margin of safety, i.e. his general health, including the health of the reproductive organs, is able to withstand such a “test”; anyway, pregnancy is an additional (and very serious) load on the body. According to the World Health Organization, a healthy woman fully recovers after childbirth no earlier than a year later, and a second pregnancy can be recommended for her only 2 years after the previous conception. Childbirth planning should include a general examination, determining the body’s readiness for stress and the possibility of providing optimal conditions environment. At the same time, your life, nutrition, habits, work should be subordinated to one idea - the birth of a healthy child.

The health of the father of the unborn child is as important as the health of his mother. We hardly think about male reproductive health if our partner gets pregnant easily. However, we should not forget that sperm can retain the ability to fertilize, while at the same time being an excellent breeding ground for any microorganisms, including viruses. Chronic prostatitis, for example, often remains unrecognized, since the structure of the male urethra ( urethra) is such that clinical signs of infection may not appear for a long time. A number of diseases suffered by adolescents during puberty can have a negative impact on the developing reproductive health. In addition, general and reproductive health is 70-75% determined by the environmental situation, lifestyle, social and economic conditions, and only 25-30% is due to medical factors, which include the hereditary characteristics of the body.

Which specialists are advisable to visit before conception?

To all women planning to conceive a child, do general analysis blood (important indicators of hemoglobin, the number of red blood cells, leukocytes, etc.), biochemical blood test, general urine test, as well as smears and blood tests for sexually transmitted infections: many of them have harmful effects for the fruit.
Spouses need to visit medical genetic consultation. Consult with therapist . The task of which is to identify and treat chronic diseases (of cardio-vascular system, kidney disease, diabetes, diseases thyroid gland, anemia, tonsillitis, dysbacteriosis, immunodeficiency conditions, etc.). The presence of chronic diseases can greatly complicate the course of pregnancy, so their diagnosis and treatment before conception is very important. It is necessary to visit in advance dentist and solve all dental problems.
It is recommended that a woman be examined by gynecologist . A general examination, ultrasound, determination of the hormonal profile and some functional diagnostic tests (measurement of basal temperature) will allow you to assess the condition of her reproductive system in order, if necessary, to correct the pathology leading to problems with childbirth.
It is advisable for the future father to consult urologist And andrologist , since many diseases of the genital area that adversely affect reproductive health can occur in a latent form (for example, inflammation of the prostate gland).
In addition to visits to doctors, both partners must take tests — get tested for sexually transmitted infections (chlamydia, mycoplasmosis , ureaplasmosis), the presence of herpes virus, cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis, exclude syphilis, HIV, hepatitis B and C.

Chronic, not timely detected and untreated viral or bacterial infection is one of the main factors of miscarriage. Even in the absence of direct impact on the fetus, the infectious process leads to the development chronic endometritis, endocrine and autoimmune disorders that cause deviations in the development of the embryo (fetus), up to its death.

A referral for these tests will be given by a gynecologist or therapist. A woman should definitely check the strength of her immunity to rubella, and if it is insufficient, then get vaccinated at least 3 months before conception.

In some cases, it is strongly recommended that future parents consult a geneticist before conception desired child?
- If either of the parents was close to a source of radiation at any time in their life.
- If any of them worked as a painter, an x-ray technician, or were employed in hazardous chemical production.
- If, for health reasons, they often underwent x-ray examinations or took medications that have a teratogenic (causing “breakdown” of genes) effect.
- If the spouses are distant, but blood relatives, and if the expectant mother is over 35, and the future dad is over 40 years old: in this case, the risk of having a child with hereditary pathology increases significantly.
- If the couple (as well as relatives of the future parents) have had cases of stillbirth, the birth of a child with developmental defects, with hereditary pathology (Down syndrome, hemophilia, cystic fibrosis, etc.).
- If a woman suffers from repeated miscarriages, miscarriage (this may be due to genetic pathology).

In addition, in order to reduce the risk of mutations (gene breakdown) leading to the birth of a sick child, it is advisable for women to take folic acid, vitamins, and microelements before pregnancy (the dosage and rules of administration can be obtained from a gynecologist at the antenatal clinic). If you have a Genetic Center in your city, you can contact them for specific recommendations on conception. As a rule, they do not deal only with the problems of hereditary diseases and infertility, as is often thought, but are also happy to examine a “normal” couple. Most often they are examined for the presence of chronic infections, such as chlamydia, mycoplasmosis, ureoplasmosis, etc. It is advisable to treat found infections before pregnancy, necessarily going through the stage of immunocorrection and the recovery stage.

Pregnancy is contraindicated if...
Modern medicine has significantly reduced the list of diseases that are absolute contraindications for pregnancy and childbirth. So, today even women with some forms of heart disease or those who are sick can experience the joy of motherhood diabetes mellitus. However, contraindications to pregnancy still remain:
- conditions incompatible with pregnancy (epilepsy);
- diseases in which pregnancy and childbirth pose a threat to a woman’s life:
- severe heart disease with circulatory disorders;
- heavy hypertonic disease with circulatory disorders;
- cirrhosis of the liver;
- lung diseases with respiratory failure;
- kidney diseases leading to chronic renal failure (glomerulonephritis, etc.);
- systemic diseases connective tissue(lupus erythematosus);
- oncological diseases.
In some of these cases, doctors may even recommend surgical sterilization to the woman as the most reliable method of preventing death. dangerous pregnancy.
In addition to absolute contraindications to pregnancy, there are also temporary, associated with one or another state of the body of future parents. Thus, it is not recommended to allow pregnancy to occur during an exacerbation of chronic diseases and infectious diseases, within a year after any surgical (abdominal) operations, during a sharp weight loss, as well as against the background of various courses of treatment (chemotherapy, radiation) and taking medications contraindicated during pregnancy. The onset of pregnancy in these circumstances may pose a risk to the health of the mother or the fetus (or both), but over time, as health improves and the woman stops taking medications incompatible with pregnancy, it is quite possible for a woman to become pregnant, carry her to term, and give birth to a healthy child.

If you decide to do everything possible for your unborn child, starting preparations for his birth even before his conception, do not doubt that you have made the right decision! Who will help an inexperienced couple deal with all the issues that arise when preparing for pregnancy, draw up individual list necessary examinations, etc.? This is not a problem now. In addition to state medical institutions such as antenatal clinics, clinics, and family planning centers, specialized non-state structures have appeared that provide consultations with perinatologists, andrologists, and psychologists. The main thing is your desire!

P.S. - If you are already pregnant and are happy about it, we are happy for you too. Don’t be discouraged or driven into despair by the fact that you ignorantly ignored medical advice on preparing for pregnancy. Turn - certainly together with the father of the unborn child - to specialists, and you will receive necessary help- both medical and psychological.

Until recently, it was generally accepted that the woman was “to blame” for the childlessness of a couple. In fact, in about half of the cases, the reason is a decrease in the quality of sperm and pathology of the male reproductive system.

Over the past 50 years, the average number of active germ cells in the sperm of the average representative of the stronger sex has decreased by half. Previously, a figure of 60 million cells per 1 ml was considered normal. seed, then now even 20 million is perceived without alarm. Moreover, the older the man, the lower this figure.

Of course, the decline in sperm quality can be compensated for by advances in reproductive medicine. Thanks to the procedure of artificial insemination (IVF), it is possible to become a father even with very poor sperm quality. But this pleasure is not cheap, and not everyone can afford it.

For those who dream of becoming parents, but are not able to find tens of thousands of rubles for artificial insemination, there are recommendations that, if followed, can increase the chances of conception.

We suggest you understand the information about what helps to conceive a child, and how valid some “truths” about male fertility are.

What does a man need to conceive a child?

First of all, it is important to understand that it takes at least 2-3 months to prepare for conception. This is exactly how long it takes for sperm to mature in the testicles and for them to mature in the epididymis.

One of the most important factors affecting the motility and viability of sperm is the temperature at which they matured. The normal temperature is 35 °C. It’s not for nothing that a man’s genitals are located outside - thus the temperature in the testicles is maintained a couple of degrees below body temperature. Even ordinary flu and a temperature of 38-39 degrees can be a factor what prevents you from conceiving a child. It will take the body two to three months to recover from a cold that lasts only a few days. Of course, the likelihood of conception remains even during a fever, but the chances are significantly reduced.

External temperature can also harm male fertility. Therefore, regular visits to the bathhouse and a man’s addiction to hot baths have a negative impact on fertility. Future fathers should remember that every trip to the sauna in one and a half to two months will make itself felt by the low quality of sperm. So if you are planning a child, it is better to avoid the bath for a while.

By the way, there is an opinion that tight swimming trunks harm sperm because they contribute to overheating. This is only half true. In fact, when wearing tight swimming trunks, body temperature increases slightly. However, tight underwear significantly impairs the blood supply to the testicles and maturing sperm do not receive enough nutrients

Reduce sperm quality and serve as a factor what prevents you from conceiving a child, certain medications can. Even ordinary headache pills pose a danger in this case. In general, medications that “hit you in the groin” include:

1. 1. Some hormonal steroids. If you are actively involved in sports and take medications for rapid growth muscles, be careful.
2. 2. Antibiotics, which are prescribed for the treatment of the genitourinary system and kidneys.
3. 3. Antibiotics from the sulfonamide group. They are often prescribed for bronchitis, tonsillitis, and pneumonia.
4. 4. Glucocorticosteroids are medications taken for allergies and asthma.
5. 5. Some medications for hypertension (but not all).
6. 6. Cytostatics are drugs that are often used for malignant neoplasms.
7. 7. Painkillers from the opiate group.
8. 8. Testosterone hormones. Oddly enough, these are the ones that some doctors prescribe to “improve sperm count.” But in fact, when long-term use These hormones produce the opposite effect, also called pharmacological castration. By receiving testosterone from the outside, the body itself stops producing it. The hormone from the drug enters the blood, while in the gonads (where it is especially needed) it becomes less. This hormonal imbalance often causes infertility.

Often the reason why can't you conceive a child?, become nervous stress. Problems at work and disagreements in the family do not go away for men's health without a trace. Stress may increase your sex drive, but your fertility will be significantly reduced. The reason is corticoid hormones, which are produced by the adrenal glands during nervous experiences. They suppress the formation of sperm, although their structure is similar to germ cells.

Electromagnetic and radio wave radiation are also dangerous for expectant fathers. Of course, you shouldn't blame the microwave oven for infertility. mobile phone, which you are used to wearing on your belt. But if your work involves radiation in high doses, remember that “professional costs” are inevitable.

Another enemy of men's health is the chemicals that surround us everywhere, from food to plastic bottles. Phthalates contained in plastic food packaging, when stored for a long time, can pass into the food and then into the body of the person who eats it. Once in the body, they suppress the action of male hormones. Also among the enemies of the future father, it is necessary to highlight preservatives, stabilizers, and substances that are contained in some detergents. Pesticides and insect poisons are also very harmful.

1. When listing what can interfere with conception, one cannot fail to mention alcohol and nicotine.
2. Systematic consumption of alcoholic beverages significantly increases the risk that the egg will be fertilized by a pathological sperm. This will entail the birth of a child with mental and physical disabilities.
3. Nicotine, in turn, has a detrimental effect on the concentration and motility of sperm cells.

That's why, to conceive a healthy child, it is advisable for the future father to abstain from smoking and drinking alcohol for 72-75 days (or 2-3 months) before the expected conception. This is how long the period of “maturation” of sperm lasts in a man’s body.

Much depends on diet and eating habits. During the period of preparation for conception, it is especially important that the diet is complete, rich in vitamins, minerals and amino acids. The daily diet must contain a sufficient amount of vegetables, fruits, whole grain cereals, legumes, nuts, dairy products, lean meat, sea ​​fish and seafood. But it’s better to avoid semi-finished products, fatty, spicy, smoked and canned foods altogether.

Unfortunately, even the most expensive organic products will not help to fully provide the body with the necessary amount of microelements. Judge for yourself: to get a daily dose of selenium, you need to eat half a kilogram of peas every day! Not everyone can do this, and the intestines may not like it. Therefore, to compensate for micronutrient deficiencies, it is recommended to take special vitamin complexes.

The drug Speroton (Spematon) is intended to improve sperm quality and increase male fertility. The components of the drug stimulate spermatogenesis, increase the mobility and concentration of germ cells in the seminal fluid.

Speroton contains L-carnitine, folic acid, vitamin E, zinc and selenium in increased dosages.

Thanks to the action of the components of the drug, Speroton helps restore male reproductive function, increases the viability of sperm, increases their concentration and mobility, helps reduce the number of pathological forms of sperm, stimulates the synthesis of testosterone and follicle-stimulating hormone, and increases libido.

Speroton (Spematon) is not a hormonal drug, but its components help normalize the production of hormones necessary, to conceive a healthy child.

It is advisable to start taking Speroton (Spematon) 3 months before the expected conception. After all, as mentioned earlier, sperm mature within 72-75 days, and beneficial substances must enter the body during this entire period.

And one more important question: should you have sex every day? to conceive a child?
Most researchers believe that two to three days of abstinence before a planned attempt is a good way to boost fertility. With such a frequency of sexual intercourse, the concentration, mobility and quality of germ cells are maximum. But turning sex into daily work on offspring is not at all what what helps to conceive a child. This approach will only do harm.

So, as you can see, almost everything affects the quality of sperm. Unfavorable environmental conditions, sedentary lifestyle life, food a quick fix and stress, without which, unfortunately, the life of most representatives of the stronger sex is unimaginable, does not at all contribute to the preservation of fertility. The good news is that everything can be fixed.

Sperm matures and is constantly renewed. And in most cases, to increase fertility and conceive a healthy child, it is enough to change your lifestyle for at least 3 months. Remember: the health of your unborn child depends on how carefully you pay attention to your health during the period of preparation for conception.

Just a few decades ago, almost no one thought about planning a pregnancy. The couple simply stopped using birth control and waited for pregnancy to occur. Today everyone understands that this is not enough to conceive and give birth to a healthy child.

Many couples decide to have children already at a fairly mature age, often after 30 years, when stable housing and financial conditions for the arrival of a new family member. But along with material well-being come potential health problems accumulated over previous years. According to statistics, the older the parents, the higher the risks of conceiving and having children with problems or developmental abnormalities. About 45% of women and 40% of men have reduced fertility, and 15% of couples experience some form of infertility. Approximately 10% of couples have immunological incompatibility, which also leads to problems with conception. Therefore, in order to protect the family as much as possible from such problems, pregnancy planning is actively developing today.

The main planning objectives are:

• increasing the fertility level of both future parents;
• conducting a full examination of the woman, and, if necessary, the future father;
• identification and treatment of pathologies potentially dangerous to the health of the unborn child;
• changing lifestyle and carrying out a number of activities aimed at psychological preparation.

Couples planning a pregnancy would do well to prepare for it. important event. But this, of course, does not mean that a pregnancy that occurs unplanned will not be healthy and prosperous. Just in this case, you should register with a doctor on time and follow all his recommendations.

Stages of pregnancy planning

So, you have a desire to become parents. Where should you start planning? First of all, experts recommend the story:

• Health improvement for future parents with a full medical examination. If you discover health problems that may interfere with conception, pregnancy, childbirth, try to eliminate them.
• Preparing a woman's body for full pregnancy, and the male body - to conception.

The body of a woman during pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding will experience increased stress. This will require strength and health. During this time, the expectant mother and father should at least temporarily give up bad habits, avoid stressful situations and exhausting loads. If necessary, the doctor will recommend medications to increase the fertility of both partners.

The process of conception itself will be a special time for the couple. Many people mistakenly believe that pregnancy should occur immediately after stopping birth control. In fact, doctors believe normal period from six months to a year (especially if hormonal contraception was previously used).

The usual preparation schedule includes approximately three months before the "active planning" stage, and several cycles, during which pregnancy usually occurs. In some cases, the duration of planning may increase due to circumstances and health conditions.

Health improvement for future parents

Even if you don’t like visiting a doctor and consider yourself absolutely healthy, you need to spend time and effort on an examination. For a woman, the first step should be a visit to the gynecologist. The doctor will carefully examine the woman’s history - ask about previous pregnancies, abortions, childbirth, menstruation, methods of contraception, previous diseases and problems in the female area; will conduct an examination on the chair. This is necessary to assess the structure and functioning of the reproductive organs, to exclude pathologies of the cervix, uterine body and ovaries.

In addition, the doctor will issue a list of tests necessary to determine your health status. These include:

• blood test for blood group and Rh factor
• blood test for HIV, hepatitis and syphilis
• smears and blood tests using PCR to detect sexually transmitted infections and hidden infections(viral and microbial).

If necessary, the range of tests can be expanded to include tests for the level of hormones, antibodies to certain infections, biochemical tests of blood and urine, blood tests for glucose, coagulation, smears for oncocytology and bacterial culture.

It may also be helpful to see a physician for an overall comprehensive health assessment. If he detects any abnormalities, he will schedule additional visits to specialists, if available. chronic pathology- will develop a course of treatment to prevent relapses during pregnancy.

Visits to an ENT doctor and dentist are also shown. If you have problems with the thyroid gland, weight or reproductive organs, a visit to an endocrinologist is necessary. And couples over 30 years old or with unfavorable heredity should visit a geneticist. Medical genetic counseling is especially important for:

• presence of hereditary diseases in the family, children with developmental defects
• parents' age over 35 years
• having problems with pregnancy in the past
• presence of consanguinity
• the presence of chronic and endocrine pathologies.

Additionally, ECG, fluorography, ultrasound of the abdominal cavity and pelvis, and analysis for TORCH infections (they can cause fetal defects) may be prescribed. If narrow specialists any abnormalities in health status have been identified, may be recommended additional examinations and treatment, consultations with other specialists.

What's next?

With the results of all studies and a conclusion about your health status, you will again meet with the gynecologist. He may recommend vaccinations against rubella (if you did not have it as a child) and hepatitis B three months before conception, as well as vaccinations against tetanus, diphtheria, and influenza.

Your doctor may order you to keep a basal temperature chart to track ovulation and identify the most favorable days for conception. Also, if you have taken potent drugs, the doctor will indicate the period after which conception will be safe.

It is important to switch to a balanced and healthy eating with a refusal of fast food and store-bought convenience foods, an increase in protein in the diet and fresh products, reducing the amount of carbohydrates, especially simple and fats, reducing spicy, fried and pickled foods to a minimum. All products must be natural, fresh and complete. No diets or dietary restrictions are indicated when planning pregnancy; you should not lose weight suddenly.

It is important to ensure that the body receives minerals and vitamins through nutrition. But usually, already at the planning stage, doctors recommend special complexes to replenish the deficiency of vitamins and minerals. First of all, this is taking folic acid (at least three months before conception) and vitamins A and E (the first ten days of the cycle for a course of three months), taking iron and iodine supplements, or prescribing a full-fledged multivitamin complex, both for the wife and the husband .

An important point - before conception

With a standard cycle of 28 days, the best time to conceive is the beginning of the third week, approximately 14-16 days from the first day of menstruation. To increase the likelihood of conception, it is recommended to abstain from intimacy within a couple of days before the settlement date.

A man should avoid baths, hot baths, and drinking alcohol, as all this significantly reduces sperm activity for about three days. You should also give up coffee and cigarettes.

A woman should not douche before conceiving, so as not to disturb the acidity of the vagina and increase the chances of sperm penetrating into the uterus and tubes. After intercourse, it is useful for a woman to lie on her back, raising her lumbar region with a pillow.

Naturally, the most important thing should be your psychological attitude, your desire. You shouldn’t get hung up on the first failure - according to doctors, pregnancy usually occurs within 4 to 12 months from the start of unprotected intimate life.

Unfortunately, there are much fewer expectant fathers who want to undergo any preparation for conceiving a child than there are expectant mothers. On the one hand, this is justified: a woman has to carry a pregnancy to term, and the health of the child largely depends on the health of the mother. On the other hand, we should not forget that the success of conception largely depends on the father.

Minimum program for the future dad

A urologist is the most important male doctor. It is urology that deals with most of those diseases that can lead to problems with conception or even its complete impossibility. An examination by a urologist should identify or rule out these diseases. A thorough questioning of a man allows us to draw conclusions about possible availability he has any diseases or predisposition to them. During the examination, the urologist pays attention to the structure of the external genitalia, checks the size, shape and condition of the testicles, and also conducts rectal examination- examination of the prostate gland through anus. Next, several tests are carried out, which provide the doctor with all the missing and necessary information.

Analysis for sexually transmitted infections. Sexual infections, if present in the body of a man or woman, can cause inflammatory processes and diseases, which affects both the likelihood of conception and the course of pregnancy. Therefore, examination for sexually transmitted infections in preparation for conception is one of the main ones.

The most accurate and popular method for detecting sexually transmitted diseases is the PCR (polymerase chain reaction) method. This method checks scrapings from the urethral mucosa in men, and the detection of pathogen DNA is a positive test result. Typically, information about several bacteria and viruses is needed. Bacteria - chlamydia, trichomonas, gonococci, mycoplasma, ureaplasma and gardnerella, viruses - herpes virus, human papillomavirus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus. It is also worth doing a test for toxoplasma.

The detection of DNA of any of the listed pathogens in the test material indicates a corresponding disease and most often requires treatment. In this case, as a rule, treatment should concern both partners. The examination of a man and a woman is carried out independently: if some disease is not detected in one partner, this does not mean that there is no need to look for it in the second. If a man is diagnosed with one or another infection, but a woman is not, then the need to treat the woman in each case is discussed individually - depending on the presence of any other infectious-inflammatory pathology in the woman.

Usually, before analysis using the PCR method, it is recommended to do a provocation - to take measures that contribute to the exacerbation of the disease. Provocation can be nutritional (food) or medicinal. Food provocation is the simplest and most often the most pleasant in this entire part of the diagnosis: the man is asked to take a small amount of spicy or salty food and alcohol on the eve of the examination. Drug provocation is carried out by a doctor, there are different methods. Today, PCR is the most precise method examinations, accuracy positive result reaches 97%.

Maximum program

It's more wide list examinations; they will make it possible to identify a pathology that may not directly affect the possibility of conception, but may lead to certain problems in the future and interfere with the possibility of full fatherhood.

Spermogram is the main method indicating the possibility of conception. A spermogram is an examination of a man's sperm under a microscope. This analysis gives an idea of ​​the concentration, quantity, motility and structure of sperm, which allows us to draw conclusions about a man’s ability to conceive and the likelihood of conception naturally. Also, a number of additional spermogram indicators give an idea of ​​the functioning of the testicles, prostate gland and a number of small gonads, which can also be useful in determining the cause of deviations from the norm in the main indicators. If a man is diagnosed with infertility, based on spermogram indicators, one can draw a conclusion about the form of infertility, determine the tactics of its treatment and give a prognosis regarding its effectiveness.

This analysis requires some preparation. For several days before the analysis, at least 3-4, a man should not drink alcohol, drugs (these include energy drinks, as well as a number of sleeping pills and painkillers), it is better to exclude any medications during these days, and also hot or spicy foods. Also, a man should not be severely hypothermic, nor, conversely, overheat, should not be subjected to severe stress, excessive physical activity, exposure to any radiation. And in addition to all of the above, sexual abstinence is necessary for 3-4 days before the analysis.

The material for a spermogram is sperm obtained by a man through masturbation. Some laboratories accept condoms containing sperm, but the lubricant that covers all condoms affects the sperm count, so it is not worth resorting to this route. Technically, performing a spermogram has only one difficulty. No more than 3 hours should pass between receiving the material and performing the analysis in the laboratory. If for some reason the study was conducted later, its results cannot be considered objective. Ideally, the material for a spermogram should be obtained directly from the laboratory or medical institution where the research will be conducted. But in our reality, most often patients receive the material at home in a special disposable container and quickly deliver it to the laboratory. It is very convenient when the laboratory is equipped with special rooms for obtaining sperm.

If there are any deviations in the main parameters of the spermogram, the first thing that is recommended to do is to repeat the analysis after 2 weeks, observing all the above conditions. Only based on the results of 2-3 spermograms performed in this way can one draw conclusions about the disease or infertility.

Studies of prostate secretions. If a urologist during an examination identifies any abnormalities in the structure of the prostate gland or if a man has symptoms that suggest problems with the prostate (pain in the perineum, discomfort when urinating, frequent urge to the toilet, etc.), a series of tests of prostate secretion is necessary. The secretion of the gland is released from the urethra during a massage, collected in a test tube or on a glass and delivered to the laboratory. This usually involves microscopy and culture of prostate secretions. Microscopy of the secretion of this gland provides information about the presence or absence of an inflammatory process in the gland, as well as about its functioning. Sowing the secretion allows you to identify bacteria that are in the gland and can cause inflammation. This information is indispensable when prescribing treatment for acute or chronic prostatitis, because it allows you to select an adequate and effective treatment for exactly the form of the disease that occurs in this case. An analogue of prostate secretion seeding is sperm seeding.

The therapist examines and treats diseases associated with various organs human body. An examination in combination with a number of tests will make sure that there are no signs of such serious illnesses, such as bronchial asthma, hypertension, vegetative-vascular dystonia, exacerbation of various chronic inflammatory processes. These diseases most likely will not have a direct impact on conception, but the predisposition to most of them is inherited and can sometimes greatly affect the health of the child from the first days of his life. Therefore, you should definitely take into account the presence of such a disease in one of your parents or close relatives and consult with the appropriate specialist.

The therapist will prescribe the following examinations to the man.

General blood analysis. This conventional analysis blood from a finger or from a vein. It calculates the number of main blood cells - red blood cells, leukocytes, platelets, and also carries out a number of additional measurements. A blood test can determine or suggest a very large number of different diseases - anemia, decreased or increased blood clotting, inflammation and many others. This analysis begins an examination for almost any disease; it should not be neglected even before a planned pregnancy.

General urine analysis. This analysis allows you to get a general idea of ​​how well everything is going for a man with the genitourinary area. The number of leukocytes in the urine indicates the presence or absence of active inflammation in this area. The presence of salts indicates a predisposition to urolithiasis. The concentration of protein and glucose in the urine provides insight into kidney function. If any deviations from the norm are detected, this requires mandatory consultation with a nephrologist.

Blood chemistry. For this test, blood is taken from a vein. A biochemical blood test includes checking a large number of blood parameters that reflect the work different organs and systems - liver, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, etc. Very often, this analysis can reveal a disturbance in the functioning of an organ even before the first symptoms appear. For example, one of the important indicators of a biochemical blood test is the level of glucose in the blood. A sharp increase in this indicator occurs in diabetes mellitus.

Analysis to determine blood group and Rh factor. For this test, blood is also taken from a vein. It is often done simultaneously with biochemical analysis blood. In principle, this analysis is not necessary if a man knows exactly his blood type and Rh factor, or, for example, if there is such a mark in his passport. But most often you still have to do an analysis. Knowing the parents' blood type allows us to make a prediction regarding the child's blood type. This is, of course, useful, but still of rather academic interest. But knowledge of the Rh factor of both parents is necessary for the most practical reasons. A positive Rh factor in a child, which he can inherit from his father, with a negative Rh factor in a woman can lead to the development of the so-called Rh conflict, which can in a number of others unfavorable factors affect the course of pregnancy and lead to its spontaneous termination. If dad has a negative Rh factor, then there will be no problems. Manifestations of Rh conflict can be smoothed out or completely prevented, but only if the doctor involved in the management of pregnancy is prepared for this in advance.

Blood tests for HIV, Wasserman reaction, hepatitis B and C. Practically, this is the only way to identify corresponding diseases in a person - AIDS, syphilis, hepatitis - before their severe symptoms appear. The detection of any of these diseases has such a serious impact on a person’s entire future life that, as a rule, there is no talk of conception in the near future. If a couple in such a situation continues to plan a pregnancy, nothing is impossible, but the pregnancy must be carried out under the supervision of an appropriate specialist. In addition, a situation is possible in which one of the partners is infected, but the other is not yet. The situation when future mom not infected, does not pose a danger to the fetus at all, but, unfortunately, it is unlikely.

Blood test for hormones. This analysis shows the activity of various endocrine glands. First of all, of course, in our situation the level of the sex hormone testosterone is of interest. Its deficiency can lead to serious consequences, including infertility, but an excess also causes the development of quite unpleasant problems. Other hormones (eg insulin, gonadotropins) can also affect the likelihood of conception.

ECG. An electrocardiogram can be recommended for all men over the age of 40, as well as men suffering from increased blood pressure, headaches, having various cardiovascular diseases those who are overweight or have bad habits (smoking and drinking large amounts of alcohol). If any abnormalities are detected, a consultation with a cardiologist and additional examination will be required.

Ultrasound. Ultrasound of the chest organs, including the heart and abdominal cavity, can exclude a large number of possible diseases, which eliminates the need for many other tests and examinations.

In conclusion, I would like to say that conception is always a simultaneous coincidence of a large number of different events. You can never be sure whether it will come or not. But at the same time, one can never say that there are few or no chances - these circumstances have still been studied very little by science. Therefore, never lose your good attitude and confidence in success.

Mikhail Sovetov, urologist-andrologist, Moscow

Discussion

Hello doctor, I'm looking for tests, I'm probably sick and I'm very worried. I took tests in Shymkent (Kazakhstan), but there was no doctor there. He went on vacation and I can’t understand the tests. The EGEO assistant told me that according to the tests, you need to get treatment, otherwise you won’t have children and that’s all. and I’ve never been married before. but I want a family and children, please help me, I ask you with respect, Rakhat

12/20/2015 10:08:46, Zaurbekov R. B.

Oh, thank you, I’ll definitely ask around, it’s good that I looked here!)

You know, pharmacology has been developed in our country for a long time, so look for all these expensive medicines our Russian analogues and the pharmacists themselves understand this best, ask them: for example, I calmly drank sperm plant instead - the difference in price is very significant, the same vitamins and folic acid produced by us are no worse than imported ones.

How long have you been receiving treatment? Maybe you should think about changing something in your treatment or finding a different doctor? as my aunt, a very wise woman, said: “If you don’t like the diagnosis, change your doctor.”

I read the article, it’s good, useful, we passed all points of the SG, did not violate anything, and this is the second time poor performance mobility, I really don’t know what to do, our andrologist last time prescribed us a bunch of expensive drugs, but for some reason they were of no use, now he prescribed the same thing again...

Yeah, you’ll send mine to a urologist.... when he has a runny nose, everyone panics, I’m dying, and on and on...
And then they’ll crawl into all the holes - that’s all, the end of the world!!!

03.09.2009 09:16:50, Lerik-Valerik

I believe that if you fail to get pregnant, then you need to undergo various studies. And so - get checked for infections and other contagion, eat shrimp and go into battle.

08/12/2009 03:02:04, not dad

Comment on the article "Dad to be checked. Examination of a man before conception"

Pregnancy planning: analysis and examinations, conception, infertility, miscarriage, treatment, IVF. I really need advice on where it is best to get examined with your husband before planning a pregnancy (a good government center, doctors, contacts and so as not...

Discussion

I also remembered about the center, but not the state one - Medsi on Belorusskaya. I get treatment there with insurance, I like it. The doctors there are civilized and competent, there are almost no queues compared to government institutions. It’s worth going there if you want to save time, nerves and don’t need highly specialized help. But as far as I understand, you don’t need it.
They have a program for comprehensive examination of couples for pregnancy planning, “We Want a Child.” They promise to do it in a short time, in my opinion within a week. Since the program is comprehensive, there may be savings. [link-1]

But the tests that are included [link-1]

Perhaps something similar - tests are available "in bulk" in invitro. Try to find out and compare prices.

We want to conceive our first child; we have never been pregnant before. In general, you want to make sure that everything is in order, and if not, carry out the appropriate procedures.
In general, normal pregnancy planning is necessary in order to be calm when conceiving.

Examination of a man before conception. Pregnancy planning. STD testing before planning. did you do this analysis when planning? For example, after severe stress (death, divorce, etc. Before planning pregnancy...

Discussion

Chlamydia should be treated for both. I support the ureaplasma issue.

It is not a fact that the miscarriage was due to an STD. In general, Ureaplasma can extremely rarely lead to miscarriage; chlamydia can. But other reasons are more likely.

everything is possible) apparently, my husband is immune. about ureaplasma - was it found on PCR or in culture? if only PCR - first take a culture, and treat only if the culture is more than normal, because it could just be your flora.

Pregnancy planning: analysis and examinations, conception, infertility, miscarriage Look at other discussions: Dad to be checked. Examination of a man before conception. Conference "Planning pregnancy". Answer in conferences and start new ones...

Discussion

I would have my teeth done in advance, take an infection test (smear test), my husband’s Rh and my own, and also torch infections (so that I don’t have to think about when I got sick, for example, with toxoplasmosis, but to know for sure that before), maybe also hormones.

I was treated for ureaplasmosis after giving birth.
So now I went and took a general test for him.
But in general, in my opinion, there is some kind of analysis for infection. This should be passed as soon as possible. Otherwise you will suffer throughout your entire pregnancy.

Pregnancy planning: analysis and examinations, conception, infertility, miscarriage, treatment, IVF. Prices for tests. Good evening! I went to the district residential complex in the morning and told the doctor that I was planning a pregnancy. They gave me a sheet where they noted which ones needed to be submitted...

Discussion

Judging by the list that you wrote below, it seems very likely to be true.
If you roughly estimate, I have already spent about 10 thousand on tests, and how much blood was pumped out of me - 2 liters, probably! :)
And I hand them over directly to the laboratory, i.e. at minimal prices.
Just in case, calculate the prices in different clinics, or better yet, directly in the laboratory - clinics, for the most part, do not do the tests themselves, but take them to the laboratories. Usually the forms have a stamp indicating where they were made.

My tests were not cheaper, it seems even more expensive. It all depends on the set of tests, and the set of tests depends on the medical history. You didn’t voice either one, so it’s hard to say whether you’re being fooled or not :)

Pregnancy planning: analysis and examinations, conception, infertility, miscarriage, treatment, IVF. But at this age it is not so easy to get pregnant. By the age of 40, the ability to conceive in women and men decreases, and pregnancy does not occur for a long time, which is why...

For the hundredth time about rubella. Analyzes, tests. Pregnancy planning. 2. YES, she really has not had rubella before 3. YES, she was not tested for antibodies during planning. And they didn’t say anything about rubella at all.

Discussion

Well, this is not a fact yet, I have a friend who had rubella 3 times, the last time was just at 3 months, he turned out to be a good boy, smart and his hearing is OK, you can check if there are antibodies to rubella, which are IgG in my opinion - long-term immunity, maybe she has already had it, and now she is sick again, then the risk is much less, however, as with loading doses of folic acid, and by the way, why vaccinate at random, it is better to first get tested for the presence of antibodies :), even my little one has them , and in normal quantities - that’s how immunity was passed on :) and they are smarter, when I was sick - who can figure it out

I am so sorry. I didn’t get tested during my first pregnancy either: I didn’t know, and the doctor from the housing complex didn’t refer me. This time, the first thing I did was take the junket complex!

Tests that everyone must undergo A little more tests for those who want Oligospermia can also be observed in healthy men with too frequent sexual or onanistic pregnancy Planning: analysis and examinations, conception, infertility...

Discussion

I was answering a girl in another conference. She had a question: “What are the indications for taking an immunogram?” I answered her.
Maybe it will be useful? or not? decide yourself.
____________________________________
In addition to patients with real immunodeficiency (carriage of hepatitis, HIV, syphilis, etc.), in the immunology of reproduction it is:
1. disorders of tissue interaction at all stages of pregnancy, starting from conception (interaction of sperm and egg) and ending with childbirth and lactation (pregnancy is a unique phenomenon of friendly coexistence of two immunologically different organisms - mother and fetus);
2. autoimmune disorders leading to failure in the process of maturation of sperm and eggs, fertilization and development of pregnancy at all stages (for example, increased level antisperm antibodies, antibodies to phospholipids, thyroid components);
3. Features of the course of pregnancy and childbirth with autoimmune diseases (rheumatism, systemic lupus erythematosus, bronchial asthma);
4. Rhesus-conflict pregnancy;
5. the influence of the mother’s immune status on the formation of the functional systems of the fetus (example: the influence of antibodies to nerve growth factor in the mother’s blood on the likelihood of developing complications during pregnancy) and predisposition to neuropsychiatric diseases in children);
6. in exceptional cases according to indications during periods of immunosuppressive conditions. For example, after severe stress (death, divorce, etc.), with constantly recurrent HSV, CMV, etc.

About men.
You need to create a separate section in the left frame.
And they don’t need to donate blood. Spermogram and PCR are quite enough. And if you have existing health problems, the andrologist will prescribe necessary examination. There may be a need for urine and an ultrasound... we won’t write all this.
I will give a ready-made text about the spermogram.