home Drugs What is vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) needed for and what foods contain it most. Why does the body need vitamin B5?

What is vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) needed for and what foods contain it most. Why does the body need vitamin B5?

Vitamin B5 ( pantothenic acid) was discovered in 1933 by scientist Roger Williams.

Pantothenic acid gets its name from the Greek “pantothene”, which means “everywhere”, due to its extremely wide distribution in the tissues of plants, animals and microorganisms.

Vitamin B5 is a water-soluble vitamin, the main role of which is to participate in the process of energy production by the cell.

Pantothenic acid, entering the body, is converted into pantethine, which is part of coenzyme A, which plays important role in the processes of oxidation and acetylation (calorizer). Coenzyme A is one of the few substances in the body that is involved in the metabolism of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.

Vitamin B5 is necessary for the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, amino acids, and the synthesis of vital fatty acids, cholesterol, histamine, acetylcholine, hemoglobin.

Physico-chemical properties of vitamin B5

Also, vitamin B5, like other vitamins in this group, is produced in significant quantities in the body by E. coli.

Daily requirement for vitamin B5

Recommended daily requirement in vitamin B5 4-7 mg. The need increases with heavy physical activity, as well as in nursing women (up to 8 mg per day). Vitamin B5 has shown its effectiveness in large doses (up to 10 g per day) in the treatment of acne ( acne).

Daily intake of vitamin B5 for children:

From 0 to 6 months - 2 mg;
From 6 months to 1 year - 3 mg;
From 1 year to 3 years - 3-4 mg;
From 7 to 10 years - 4-5 mg.

The most important property of vitamin B5 is its ability to stimulate the production of adrenal hormones - glucocorticoids, which makes it a powerful tool for treating diseases such as arthritis, colitis, allergies and heart disease.

It plays an important role in the formation of antibodies, which help strengthen the immune system, promotes the absorption of other vitamins, and also takes part in the synthesis of neurotransmitters (calorizator).

Normalizes oxidative and reduction processes, ensures normal brain activity. Also, this miracle vitamin slows down aging and prolongs life.

Calcium pantothenate is used in complex therapy withdrawal syndrome in patients with alcoholism.

Vitamin B5 is widely used in medicinal purposes. As a medicinal product it is used in the recovery of the body after operations, in the treatment of eczema, burns, bronchial asthma, acute and chronic bronchitis, malfunctions circulatory system, diseases of the liver, stomach, intestines.

Harmful properties of vitamin B5

Symptoms of body intoxication were not identified. Vitamin B5 is completely safe and non-toxic.

Vitamin B5 absorption

Vitamin B5 is absorbed in the small intestine. The absorption mechanism is active transport. Vitamin B5, entering the blood, is partially captured by red blood cells and transformed into coenzyme A, the rest circulates in a free state. The vitamin is distributed throughout all tissues, where it is also used for the synthesis of coenzyme A. It is excreted primarily through the kidneys.

Vitamin deficiency can be caused by a low content of proteins, fats, vitamins in food, diseases small intestine with malabsorption syndrome, as well as long-term use many antibiotics and sulfonamides.

Symptoms of hypovitaminosis:

fatigue;
depression;
sleep disorder;
increased fatigue;
headache;
nausea;
muscle pain;
burning, tingling, numbness of the toes;
burning, excruciating pain in the lower extremities, mainly at night;
redness of the skin of the feet;
dyspeptic disorders;
duodenal ulcers.

With pantothenic deficiency, the body's resistance to infection decreases, and acute respiratory diseases often occur.

Excess vitamin B5 in the body

An overdose of vitamin B5 is observed in in rare cases, with increased individual intolerance to pantothenic acid. It does not pose a health hazard even in large quantities, as it is well tolerated and absorbed in the body (calorizer). Symptoms of overdose are pronounced unpleasant burning sensation in the stomach.

Vitamin B5 is a structural component of the key substance of metabolism - coenzyme A, which is involved in all types of metabolism - protein, lipid, carbohydrate, in the synthesis of hemoglobin, the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, corticosteroids, adrenal hormones and in the processes of detoxification of the body by transferring acyl residues.

General information

What is another name for the substance?

Pantheonic acid or calcium pantothenate.

The compound got its name because widespread in nature from the word which in Latin is called “pantothen” and translated means “everywhere”.

Vitamin B5 is a water-soluble substance whose main role is to assist in the processes of cellular energy production.

By chemical nature, calcium pantothenate is a dipeptide consisting of pantoic acid and β-alanine amino acid residues.

The empirical formula of the compound is C6H17O5N.

Despite the ubiquity of pantheonic acid in nature, a person may experience a deficiency of the substance. Abundance white bread, semi-finished products, chips, canned foods and a lack of fresh vegetables, fruits, meat products in the diet leads to the fact that vitamin B5 practically does not enter the body, as a result hypovitaminosis occurs.

What are the benefits of calcium pantothenate?

Due to a deficiency of the compound, metabolism primarily suffers, digestion worsens, and the immune-protective function decreases. A person becomes susceptible to inflammatory processes - ARVI.

In order for pantheonic acid to be preserved in maximum quantities in dishes, you should avoid eating frozen, canned foods, or foods with a long shelf life that contain vinegar essence, and also cook in the most gentle mode: over low heat, extremely quickly under a closed lid.

Let's look at the functions, symptoms of B5 deficiency, excess, and what the compound contains.

History of discovery

The discovery of calcium pantothenate is associated with a detailed study of the substances natural origin, which stimulate intensive yeast growth. In the process of dividing the “bios” into individual compounds with biotin, thiamine, and inositol, scientists isolated a thermolabile substance of an acidic nature, not adsorbed by coal, which is necessary for the development of a group of unicellular fungi.

While studying this substance in 1933, scientist Williams discovered that it was distributed everywhere. As a result of research carried out between 1933 and 1939, the professor and a group of collaborators were able to synthesize the compound in a highly purified state from liver extracts. The resulting substance was in the form of a crystalline calcium salt. A year later, scientists managed to decipher the chemical compound, which later became known as pantothenic acid. At the same time, it was demonstrated that liver extract, freed from riboflavin and pyridoxine, by adsorption on carbon, cures dermatic diseases that develop in chickens when feeding birds with heated feed. The established antidermatitis factor was named vitamin G. Upon further study of the compound, scientists discovered that it is identical in structure and function to pantothenic acid.

Scientists were able to fully determine the importance of vitamin B5 for a living organism only after the discovery of the vital coenzyme acetylation (A), of which it is a part.

Physicochemical characteristics

Vitamin B5 is a viscous substance of light yellow color with a melting point of 80 degrees. The compound dissolves well in acetic acid, water, ethyl, bad - in ether, amyl alcohol, organic solvents. Calcium pantothenate, reacting with water, forms colorless crystalline salts: calcium, sodium. Vitamin B5 is thermolabile. It is especially unstable when heated in alkalis and acids, hydrolyzing with the release of a,g-dioxy-b lactone, pantolactone, b-alanine at the amide bond. In neutral solutions, calcium pantothenate and its salts are relatively stable.

Amide - pantothenamide, pantothenol - produced by B5, are formed in the process of replacing the carboxyl group with an alcohol group. The latter compound has high vitamin activity for animals and, as a result, acts as an acid antagonist for a group of microorganisms.

Another, no less valuable, substance in living nature is panthetheine, obtained by reacting calcium pantothenate with b-mercaptoethylamine (cysteamine). When oxidized, it is converted into disulfite - pantethine. The bioproduct of pantothenic acid is part of coenzyme A.

Metabolism of vitamin B5

Every day, the intestinal microflora of a healthy body synthesizes 3.4 milligrams of vitamin B5. After food intake, pantothenic acid is absorbed by diffusion directly from the intestine into the blood and tissues, where it is subsequently captured by red blood cells and actively transformed into coenzyme forms - coenzyme-A and phosphopantothein. The remaining part of the substance circulates in the body in a free state. The catabolism of organic compounds of non-protein nature is based on their hydrolysis, while “waste” calcium pantothenate and its metabolites are excreted in the urine.

Vitamin B5 is heat sensitive, heat treatment products rich in beneficial compounds leads to a loss of 50% of the substance. It is destroyed not only under the influence of dry heat (grill, oven), but also as a result of exposure to solutions of acids and alkalis that are used in food processing, for example, during canning and freezing.

It is important to remember that pantothenic acid is found in foods exclusively in protein form and is released with the help of enzymes.

Considering the fact that vitamin B5 and its derivatives interact with a large number of substances inside our body, it is impossible to list them completely. However, in order to be convinced of the significance of the connection, we will consider the most significant of them. These are acetylcholine, fats, fatty acids, histamine, hemoglobin, amino acids, carbohydrates.

Participating in the synthesis and metabolic processes of such a variety of substances, for the proper functioning of all systems, internal organs It is important to ensure a regular supply of calcium pantothenate in sufficient quantities.

Let's look at why the body needs vitamin B5:

In addition, pantothenic acid is needed to maintain healthy skin and hair. It prevents the formation of wrinkles and premature appearance age spots, inhibits early gray hair. Participating in the synthesis of corticosteroids and hemoglobin, B5 has positive influence to combat stress.

Calcium pantothenate is the only vitamin that can be absorbed through the skin; thanks to this property, the substance is used in the production of anti-burn medications and cosmetics.

So, overestimate positive properties organic matter is extremely difficult, since the slightest deficiency will immediately affect the functioning of almost all organs and systems.

Let's consider the sequence of manifestation of symptoms of pantothenic acid deficiency:

During World War II, “burning feet” syndrome was widespread among prisoners of war in Japanese camps, which resulted from severe disruption of a healthy diet. In addition, pantothenic acid deficiency in soldiers was accompanied by a violation mental activity, central scotoma, pallor of the optic nerves, blurred vision. At the same time, the inclusion of 30 milligrams of a mixture of B vitamins in the diet eliminated these phenomena and relieved patients from glossitis, stomatitis, diseases of the cornea, sclera, and conjunctivitis.

In severe cases, the supplement size was increased to 80 milligrams per day.

Vitamin B5 is included in many foods (), therefore, with a properly formed diet, the human body, in most cases, receives the compound in sufficient quantities. However, calcium pantothenate hypovitaminosis can develop for other reasons.

Factors that cause B5 deficiency

Let's consider the reasons why the body begins to experience a deficiency of the substance:

Long-term use of sulfonamides and antibiotics. These drugs block the synthesis of active derivatives of vitamin B5. As a result, even with an abundance of pantothenic acid in food, the body may experience a deficiency of the compound.
Lack of fat in the daily menu. Taking proteins and triglycerides speeds up and facilitates the absorption of calcium pantothenate. Therefore, for men, women, and children who follow vegetarianism and a raw food diet, they should carefully approach the formation of their diet in order to prevent the compound from not being absorbed.
Lack of vitamins B1, B2, C, which are actively involved in the synthesis of pantheine and coenzyme-A.
Digestive disorders (deterioration of food absorption) - malabsorption syndrome. In case of development of this disease, food with a high content of useful organic compounds passes through the body in transit (non-absorption of nutrients from food).

Pantothenic acid deficiency leads to diseases of the blood, skin, nails, and ulcers. duodenum, hypoglycemia.

Considering the fact that vitamin B5 is included in many products of plant and animal origin, deficiency of the compound in the human body is a rare phenomenon, which, in most cases, occurs due to an unbalanced diet or under the influence of factors that contribute to neutralization or non-absorption useful substance.

Hypervitaminosis B5 is more common. Excess of the compound is non-toxic to humans. A single injection of 500 milligrams of calcium pantothenate intravenously does not cause side effects from the body. In rare cases, dehydration, insomnia, agitation, increased heart rate, headache, nausea.

The body's need for pantothenic acid

The daily requirement of vitamin B5 for an adult is 10-15 milligrams, for pregnant women and lactating women - 15-20, for children: up to one year - 2 units, from 1 to 6 years - 4, from 6 to 10 years - 5, from 10 to 14 years – 7.

Additional intake of calcium pantothenate is prescribed in the following cases:

for infectious diseases;
consumption of low-calorie foods;
V postoperative period;
during times of stress;
people of retirement age (over 55 years old);
for polyneuritis, neuralgia, bronchial asthma, disorders of the central nervous system, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
to improve the condition of nails, hair, skin;
during the period of antibiotic use.

Only the attending physician can determine the required daily dose of the compound.

In case of progression of dermatological diseases, one of the fundamental treatment drugs is pantothenic acid, which is prescribed in a dose significantly higher than the daily norm for a healthy person (up to 1500 milligrams per day).

To combat acne, the dosage of B5 increases to an impressive amount - up to 10,000 units per day.

Sources of vitamin

Vitamin B5 is widely distributed in nature. The substance is synthesized by microorganisms, green plants: many bacteria, fungi, yeast. Although animal tissues cannot produce pantothenic acid, they do produce coenzyme A from it.

The largest amount of B5 is found in plant foods and offal.

What foods contain pantothenic acid?

Product name	B5 content in milligrams per 100 grams of product
Green peas, shelled	15,0
Baker's yeast	11,0
	6,8
Beef	6,4
Pork liver	5,8
Beef liver	4,0 – 9,0
Cod roe	3,6
Royal jelly of bees	3,6 – 26,5
Apples	3,5
Pork kidneys	3,0
Rice bran	3,0
Egg yolk	2,7 – 7,0
Powdered milk	2,7
Porcini	2,7
Buckwheat	2,6
Beef kidneys	2,5 – 4,0
Oats	2,5
Dried peas	2,5
Rice	2,0
Cattle heart	2,0 – 6,0
White wheat bread	1,8
Champignon	1,7 – 2,5
Peanut	1,7
Cod	1,6
Cocoa powder	1,5
Eggs	1,4 – 2,7
Avocado	1,4
Asparagus	1,4
Mackerel caviar	1,3
Rye	1,2
Wheat	1,2
Beans	1,2
Cashew	1,2
Pistachios	1,0
Sorghum	1,0
Barley	1,0
Flax seeds	0,99
Cauliflower	0,98
Herring	0,94
Rye bread	0,9
Dates	0,78
Salmon	0,66
Garlic	0,6
Kefir	0,6
Chicken	0,6
Cottage cheese	0,6
Broccoli	0,6
Corn	0,6
Dried apricots	0,52
Meat (lamb, veal, beef)	0,5 – 1,5
Pumpkin	0,5
Ham	0,5
Hard cheese	0,5
Figs	0,4
Yogurt	0,4
Potato	0,32 – 0,65
Carrot	0,3
Wheat flour	0,3
Milk	0,3
Grapefruit	0,3
Eggplant	0,3
bell pepper	0,3
Lemon	0,3
Cranberry	0,3
Strawberries	0,26
Banana	0,25
Orange	0,25
Sardines	0,21
Navaga	0,2
A pineapple	0,2
Beans	0,2
Beet	0,2
Fennel	0,2
Kiwi	0,2
Watermelon	0,2
Spinach	0,2
Halibut	0,15
Onion	0,13
Tomatoes	0,1 – 0,37
Strawberry	0,1
Raspberries	0,1
Mustard	0,1
Leek	0,1
Raisin	0,1
Plum	0,1

The main sources of pantothenic acid are peas, brewer's yeast, and royal jelly of bees. However, there are products that negatively affect the beneficial bacteria of the intestinal microflora (for example, carbonated drinks, canned food, chips); their intensive consumption leads to a decrease or complete cessation of the production of vitamin B5 in the human body.

When preparing food, it is important to remember that calcium pantothenate is destroyed by 50% when exposed to high temperatures (including canning), and by 30% when frozen.

During the cooking process, part of the substance passes into water. Therefore, foods rich in beneficial compounds should, if possible, be consumed raw or subjected to minimal heat treatment.

Currently, the clinical use of vitamin B5 is under study. Because of this, pantothenic acid has a limited scope. In medicine, a water-soluble nutrient is used in the form of a medicine that regulates the functioning of the nervous system and metabolic processes in the body. In addition, the vitamin is prescribed if there is a high risk of developing pantothenic deficiency.

Clinical use of the nutrient

Today, the spectrum of use of the vitamin in pharmacological doses (for children - 30 milligrams per day, for adults - 50 - 100 milligrams) includes new nosologies. Recent studies confirm that B5 pantothenates, administered to patients with autoimmune inflammatory arthritis, reduce swelling of articular cartilage and reduce immunological indicators of the activity of the process. In addition, in case of deterministic non-insulin-dependent diabetes, the nutrient exhibits a hypolipidemic effect, since it inhibits the biosynthesis of low-density lipoproteins in the liver.

Professor R. Williams, who discovered this vitamin, claims that the daily requirement for a pregnant woman is at least 50 milligrams per day. This dosage, according to the doctor, halves the number of miscarriages and intrauterine defects.

IN clinical practice therapeutic doses of pantothenic acid (200 - 500 milligrams) are used during protracted illness, epilepsy, complications after encephalitis, hyperkinesis (tic, tremor, parkinsonism, myoclonus), emotional or physical overload.

Calcium pantothenate, due to the lack of cumulative properties, is easily excreted in urine, so overdose occurs extremely rarely.

Vitamin B5 is an essential nutrient for bodybuilding. It is involved in the synthesis of fatty acids and steroid hormones, the utilization of lactic acid in muscles, and also regulates muscle recovery processes.

Research conducted by doctor Yu. Bulanov indicates a powerful anabolic effect pantothenic acid. Under the influence of taking therapeutic doses of the substance (1 - 3 grams), athletes increased muscle strength and began to gain muscle mass. Moreover, in some cases, the effect of using vitamin B5 exceeded the result of using anabolic steroids.

Interestingly, at the beginning of taking “calcium salt”, a kind of discomfort occurs in the muscles, caused by the activation of acetylcholine synthesis. This inconvenience is a short-term phenomenon, since the tone of the parasympathetic part of the nervous system independently increases only up to a certain point. After this, the enslavement disappears. Subsequently, excitation of the autonomic nervous system (parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions) increases simultaneously and in a balanced manner. In view of this, the tolerance to high temperatures increases, the heart rate slows down, as a result of which the performance and volume of training loads double.

The increase in muscle relief, while taking pantothenic acid, occurs without increasing the consumption of protein foods. This phenomenon occurs due to slowing down the breakdown of protein structures (anti-catabolic effect). Along with this, the vitamin strengthens the nervous system, maintaining the effect after stopping its use.

In bodybuilding, resistance to stress is of paramount importance, as fatigue initially nerve center, and then the muscle, as a result of which the athlete’s performance decreases. Therefore, it is advisable to take calcium pantothenate during competitions and intense training loads.

The optimal source of vitamin B5 is the drug “Pantegam”, which has anti-stress, anticonvulsant and sedative effects.

At increased anxiety simultaneously with the nutrient (in equal proportions).

In addition to bodybuilding, it is advisable to use pantothenic acid to increase endurance in aerobic and strength sports (marathon running, powerlifting, bodybuilding).

Drugs

Considering the fact that calcium pantothenate deficiency is extremely rare, clear symptoms of a lack of the substance occur only in people who have been following the diet for a long time. special diet(for scientific purposes). However, during pregnancy, professional sports and serious illnesses, you cannot do without additional vitamin intake. In clinical practice, in 70% of cases, drugs containing a-pantothenic acid in the form of calcium salt (Ca pantetonate). This vitamin is available in tablets (10 milligrams) and ampoules (20% solution).

Indications for use of the substance:

allergic reactions ( hay fever, dermatitis, eczema);
toxicosis in pregnant women;
pulmonary pathologies (bronchitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis);
hyperthyroidism;
paresthesia, neuralgia, polyneuritis, depression;
Not infectious diseases digestive tract (pancreatitis, colitis, gastroduodenitis, ulcers, hypomotor intestinal dyskinesia);
circulatory failure;
bronchial asthma;
trophic ulcers, burns;
alcoholism;
gluten pathologies;
thrush;
acne;
autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder;
cystitis;
seborrhea, baldness;
conjunctevitis;
withdrawal syndrome (teenage drug addiction and alcoholism).

In pharmacotherapy, along with classical pantothenate, analogues containing d-homopantothenic acid are used. One such drug is pantegam. The range of its pharmacological properties differs significantly from the previous substance, since the calcium salt molecule contains y-aminobutyric acid(GABA) replaces β-alanine.

Instructions for use of the medicine

When Pantogam enters the body, it loses calcium ions, turning into homo-pantothenic acid, a natural homologue of vitamin B5. The drug has a pronounced nootropic and anticonvulsant effect, potentiating hypnotic effect barbiturates. In addition, the vitamin stimulates anabolic processes in nerve cells, increases the brain’s resistance to the effects of toxic substances and hypoxia, combines a mild stimulating effect with a moderate sedative effect, activates physical and mental performance, reduces motor excitability, improves GABA metabolism during chronic alcoholism and after ethanol withdrawal.

Indications for use (in complex therapy):

cognitive impairment in neurotic disorders and brain damage (including the consequences of traumatic brain injury and neuroinfections);
extrapyramidal disorders in people with hereditary pathologies nervous system (myoclonus epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, hepatolenticular degeneration, Huntington's chorea);
cerebrovascular insufficiency caused by blockage of blood vessels in the brain;
extrapyramidal neuroleptic syndrome (akinetic and hyperkinetic);
senile dementia (initial stage);
schizophrenia with cerebral insufficiency (together with antidepressants and antipsychotics);
residual organic brain lesions;
epilepsy with slowness mental processes(in combination with anticonvulsants);
cerebral palsy;
neurogenic urinary disorders (urgency, enuresis, pollakiuria);
perinatal encephalopathy in children (from the first days of life);
mental retardation of various etiologies;
psycho-emotional overload;
neurosis-like conditions (stuttering, tremor, tic, encopresis, enuresis);
delayed mental development in children (speech disorders, motor functions, development of school skills - writing, reading, counting);
inflammation of the facial nerve.

Pantogam is taken orally 15 to 20 minutes after meals. Daily dosage for adults – 1.5 – 3 grams, for children – 0.75 – 3 grams. The course of therapy is 1 – 5 months, after six months the therapy can be repeated.

Contraindications:

pregnancy;
phenylketonuria (since the syrup contains aspartame);
severe kidney disease (in the acute phase);
hypersensitivity;
breastfeeding period;
children under 3 years of age;
hemophilia.

Remember, Pantogam should only be used in medicinal doses under the supervision of a physician.

Dexpanthenol is a synthetic derivative of vitamin B5 used for external use. IN molecular lattice compounds, the alcohol group replaces the acidic one. Since dexpanthenol, when ingested, is converted into pantothenic acid, their vitamin activity is comparable.

This compound, as part of coenzyme A, takes part in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, the formation of porphyrins, acetylcholine and corticosteroids.

The main advantage of the ointment is good penetration into the deep layers of the dermis and blood flow. Pantothenic acid, by stimulating the movement of epithelial cells and enhancing proliferative activity, increases the density of collagen fibers, accelerates granulation and epithelization of the wound defect, reduces itching, inflammation, irritation of the skin and mucous membranes. Thanks to this, dexpanthenol has a regenerating, dermatoprotective and moderate anti-inflammatory effect.

The drug is used to moisturize the stratum corneum of the dermis, reduce transepidermal moisture loss, and maintain elasticity. connective tissue, protecting the body from exposure to UV rays. In addition, the “vitamin” improves the functional condition of the scalp, as it prevents the formation of dandruff, reduces hair loss and protects it from negative environmental factors. Due to these properties, dexpanthenol is successfully used in the creation of cosmetics: masks, shampoos, creams, balms, styling sprays, mousses, sunscreen emulsions.

Today, on the European market, there are 3 monocomponent and 2 combination drugs dexpanthenol:

Pantexol Yadran (Yadran);
Bepanten (Bayer);
Panthenol-ratiopharm (Ratiopharm);
Panthevenol (Borshchagovsky Chemical Plant);
Pantestin-Darnitsa (Darnitsa).

These medications are available in the form of ointment, cream, gel and spray.

In medicine, panthenol emulsion is included in a set of measures aimed at eliminating dermatological diseases.

Scope of application in clinical practice:

trophic ulcers and bedsores in the regeneration phase;
granulating burn wounds;
corneal erosions, keratitis;
preparation of painful ulcers for autodermoplasty and the post-rehabilitation period (to improve the engraftment of skin grafts);
sunburn;
prevention radiation injuries skin and mucous membranes (against cancer cells);
eczema, neurodermatitis;
abrasions, scratches, cuts;
diaper rash in children, diaper dermatitis(in pediatrics);
cracks and irritation of the nipples (during lactation);
cervical erosion, anal fissures, damage to the vaginal mucosa.

Besides drugs local action, dexopanthenol is commercially available systemic use, developed by the Czech company Dr. Muller Pharma. This drug is produced in capsules, which helps expand the pharmacodynamics, and as a result, increase the possibilities of therapeutic use of the substance.

Czech panthenol, unlike analogues used as reparants, has antiallergic, neurotropic, antitoxic, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties. In addition, the “vitamin” reduces arterial pressure, improves myocardial contractility and intestinal motility, stimulates carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism.

Interaction of calcium pantothenate with other substances

Since pantothenic acid plays a key role in nutrient metabolism, it is important that the nutrient entering the human body is fully absorbed. To do this, before using it, you should carefully study the scale of compatibility of the substance with other elements:

Full absorption of vitamin B5 occurs only in the presence of thiamine and.
Calcium pantothenate enhances the pharmacological properties of cardiac glycosides.
The combined use of pantothenic acid and anti-tuberculosis drugs leads to a weakening of the side effects of the latter substances.
Vitamin B5 facilitates the absorption of choline, folic acid and potassium.
Antibiotics and sulfonamides interfere with the endogenous synthesis of calcium pantothenate.
Caffeine, barbiturates and alcohol reduce the concentration of the vitamin in the body by half.
Simultaneous intake of calcium pantothenate, ascorbic acid, riboflavin, niacin, cholcalciferol and vitamin B9 leads to a mutual enhancement of the effects of nutrients.
Copper reduces the pharmacological properties of pantothenic acid.
Oral contraceptives destroy the nutrient found in the body.
Taking pantothenic acid and proteolytic enzymes (which destroy protein) leads to the “death” of the calcium salt.
When diuretics (diuretics) and vitamin B5 are combined, the latter substance is rapidly removed from the body.
Calcium pantothenate potentiates the effect of drugs that improve intestinal motility.
Iron and manganese inhibit nutrient absorption.

Taking these nuances into account, you can easily create the “correct” treatment regimen that will help alleviate clinical course diseases, improve the functional state of affected organs and support immune status body. If you have severe pathologies, it is important to first consult with your doctor to determine the dosage of vitamin B5 before taking the nutrient.

Thus, vitamin B5 is the most important component of coenzyme A, which is involved in the processes of acetylation, oxidation, restoration of cellular tissues, and metabolism of biofuel.

Save optimal quantity pantothenic acid in the body is possible only if healthy image life. A careless attitude to nutrition, an unbalanced diet leads to a systematic lack of vitamin B5: neither from the intestinal flora, nor from food.

As a consequence, hypovitaminosis of the compound occurs with the ensuing consequences.

Vitamin B5, discovered in 1933, is also known as pantothenic acid. This name comes from the Greek word “pantothen”, which means “everywhere”. Indeed, this compound is widely distributed in the tissues of plants, animals and microorganisms. Vitamin B5 is very important for the normal functioning of our body, since, ensuring the occurrence of various biochemical reactions, pantothenic acid actively participates in the regulation of lipid, protein and carbohydrate metabolism, supports the normal functioning of the nervous system and many glands internal secretion . Vitamin deficiency AT 5 may lead to malfunctions various organs and, as a consequence, to serious illnesses. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that our body receives pantothenic acid in sufficient quantities every day.

Daily requirement

The requirement for vitamin B5 for a healthy adult ranges from 10-15 mg per day. These figures are somewhat lower for children. For example, in the USA, doctors recommend the following daily intakes of vitamin B5: for children under one year of age 2-3 mg, from one to six years – approximately 3-4 mg, from six to ten years – 4-5 mg, and from ten to fourteen years - 4-7 mg.

The human body needs an increased amount of pantothenic acid for diseases caused by vitamin B5 deficiency, during heavy physical labor and sports, as well as during infectious diseases, stress, and after operations. To ensure the normal development of the child, pregnant and lactating women must receive about 20 mg vitamin B5 per day. In case of various diseases caused by vitamin B5 deficiency, intramuscular or intravenous injections of pantothenic acid are prescribed.

Vitamin B5 is also used in the treatment of dermatological diseases, and in doses significantly higher than the daily norm for a healthy person. For example, children with skin diseases are recommended to take up to 0.3 g pantothenic acid 2-3 times a day, in this case adults are prescribed up to 1.5 g vitamin B5 per day. For acne, the dosage of vitamin B5 reaches even more impressive amounts - up to 10 g pantothenic acid per day.

Functions in the body

Vitamin B5 helps provide body cells with energy by participating in the process of fat breakdown. Pantothenic acid is necessary for the development and maintenance of normal functioning of the cells of the central nervous system, which regulates all life processes. This vitamin is also involved in the metabolism of all the main nutritional components necessary for the growth and development of body cells. Pantothenic acid is necessary for the synthesis of a number of substances (hemoglobin, cholesterol, corticosteroids) responsible for the implementation of the most important vital functions.

In infectious diseases, vitamin B5 stimulates the production of antibodies, which contribute to strengthening the immune system . Pantothenic acid increases focus and concentration, protects brain cells from the effects of nicotine and alcohol, stimulates the work of the heart muscle and prevents premature aging of the heart.

Vitamin B5 takes part in the synthesis special substances, with the help of which nerve cells quickly conduct signals from the sensory organs to the brain and spinal cord. Therefore, a deficiency of pantothenic acid in food can cause a disturbance in the perception of taste and smell, as well as memory impairment and the appearance of absent-mindedness.

By stimulating the work of the adrenal glands and their production of hormones, vitamin B5 thereby prevents the development of arthritis, colitis, allergies, a number of serious heart diseases, helps reduce inflammatory processes, and protects the body from emotional overload, toxicological effects of viruses and bacteria.

Vitamin B5 is involved in the synthesis of fatty acids. A lack of fatty acids leads to deterioration of long-term memory, sleep disturbances, the development of chronic fatigue syndrome, as well as impaired fat metabolism, which directly affects the condition of the skin and hair. In recent years, it has also been established that vitamin B5 is able to protect the human body from harmful effects low doses of radiation.

Considering diversity is vital important functions regulated by pantothenic acid, this compound is widely used for medicinal purposes. Vitamin B5 is used as a medicine to restore the body after surgery, in the treatment of eczema, burns, bronchial asthma, acute and chronic bronchitis, disorders of the circulatory system, diseases of the liver, stomach, and intestines. Often taking vitamin B5 is recommended to normalize metabolism in the body. Pantothenic acid has also proven effective in relieving hangover in people who abuse alcohol.

Hypovitaminosis (insufficient dietary intake) of pantothenic acid is accompanied by numbness of the toes and burning in the feet, damage to the mucous membranes of internal organs, disruption of the adrenal glands, early graying and hair loss. Vitamin B5 deficiency can also lead to various disorders skin: the development of small cracks in the corners of the mouth, the early appearance of wrinkles and sagging skin, the appearance of white spots on various parts of the body. You may also experience depressed mood, fatigue, muscle cramps, pain in the joints when bending and straightening the limbs, and disruption of the nervous system. A deficiency of vitamin B5 in the body can be caused by intestinal diseases, in which the mechanism of absorption of nutrients is disrupted. However, pathological conditions caused by pantothenic acid hypovitaminosis are relatively rare due to the fact that vitamin B5 is present in varying quantities in almost all food products.

Since vitamin B5 is a water-soluble compound, it is easily excreted from the body and has no toxic effects. Thanks to this, even an excess amount of pantothenic acid in food will not lead to any pathological conditions– excess vitamin B5 is removed from the human body naturally.

Sources of vitamin B5

Our body's need for vitamin B5 is partially satisfied through the synthesis of this substance by beneficial microorganisms, which are permanent inhabitants of the intestines of a healthy person. The rest of the amount of pantothenic acid we need enters our body along with food.

Main plant sources vitamin B5 are legumes(beans, peas, lentils, beans), nuts (peanuts, hazelnuts), leafy vegetables (spinach, lettuce, onions), garlic, buckwheat and oatmeal. Foods of animal origin rich in pantothenic acid include liver, kidneys, heart, meat, egg yolk, dairy products, and fish. Great content Vitamin B5 is found in yeast.

During heat treatment of products containing vitamin B5, a significant amount of this substance ( up to 50%) is destroyed, and when frozen, products lose about 30% pantothenic acid. Therefore, when preparing foods rich in vitamin B5, you should limit the exposure time high temperature, exclude freezing, and also, if possible, try to consume such products raw.

It is noteworthy that certain food products that are classified as so-called fast food (chips, carbonated drinks, canned food) have Negative influence on the beneficial bacteria of our intestines, which leads to a decrease in their production of pantothenic acid.

Interaction of vitamin B5 with other substances

Once in the body, vitamin B5 is included in a compound that plays a key role in nutrient metabolism. Vitamin B1 promotes better absorption of pantothenic acid. By interacting with some toxic metabolic products, vitamin B5 reduces the side effects of anti-tuberculosis drugs. Pantothenic acid facilitates the absorption of vitamin B4 (choline) and vitamin B9 (better known as folic acid) by our body, and increases the effectiveness of a number of medications used for heart failure.

Antibiotics, alcohol, and oral contraceptives have a destructive effect on the vitamin B5 contained in our body.

Good day, my friends. If you are tormented by ARVI or depression, this article is for you a real find. After all, today we will talk about very important element. Both physical and emotional-mental state depend on it. What is this super important element? This is pantothenic acid, known to many as vitamin B5.

B5 is a water-soluble element that is found in all cells of our body. Like other B vitamins, this element plays an important role in energy metabolism. It also acts as a coenzyme to produce energy in chemical reactions.

Moreover, B5 is involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates and fats that we take from foods. It turns them into useful energy, and our body then uses it. The vitamin also plays a big role in maintaining the normal functioning of the digestive tract. As a result, it helps improve our immunity.

Research has found that pantothenate plays an important role in many processes:

helps convert nutrients into energy;
balances blood sugar levels;
reduces high blood pressure;
reduces bad cholesterol levels;
prevents nerve damage;
serves as a prevention of heart failure;
carries out the synthesis of sex hormones and plays an important role in the production of joy hormones in the adrenal glands.

It has a beneficial effect on the skin. For example, it accelerates the healing process of wounds. B5 also helps moisturize the skin and smooth out wrinkles. It is also important for those who want to be young and slim. After all, this element slows down the aging of the body and protects against obesity.

It is also important for hair - it stimulates the growth of new hairs and gives the hair a luxurious look. This element also protects against premature graying. Read on to see how it affects hair.

Symptoms of B5 Deficiency

Since this vitamin is found in almost all foods, deficiency is extremely rare. Most people become deficient due to malnutrition and not getting enough daily calories.

However, B5 deficiency can occur in combination with a deficiency of other vitamins. The following symptoms are typical for this condition:

prostration;
depression, nervousness, sleep disorders;
stomach pain, vomiting;
muscle spasms;
hormonal imbalances, severe toxicosis (during pregnancy).

Deficiency will also affect your appearance. Your skin will become less elastic and irritation may appear. Your hair will be dull and lifeless, and the color will not be as intense.

The group of people who are at risk of developing B5 deficiency is large. Here are women taking contraceptives, people with severe malnutrition and frequent alcohol consumption. There are also people with impaired absorption of vitamins and minerals due to certain medications or intestinal disorders.

What foods contain vitamin B5?

Sources of B5 are both plants and animal products. These include meat, organ meats, beans and legumes, some nuts and seeds, milk and eggs. There are many ways to get the right amount of this vitamin daily. Nowadays, thanks to a wide variety of products and supplements, the percentage of diseases associated with hypovitaminosis has been reduced.

I will give a list of foods high in vitamins. The percentages in the table are based on the daily recommended requirement for adults (5 mg per 100%).

Include these foods regularly in your diet. This way you will get plenty of this element. Since this vitamin is water-soluble, large doses may not harm your health. So if you eat more than 100 grams of liver, nothing will happen :) The body itself will remove what it does not need.

Instructions for use

For children:

For adults:

During pregnancy and breastfeeding, the need for this element increases. also in more B5 people who do heavy work need physical work, and athletes.

We usually get enough pantothenic acid from our diet. However, in some cases it may be necessary to take additional supplements. I looked for where I could buy it at the pharmacy and couldn’t find it. Previously, pantothenic acid was sold in ampoules and tablets. The preparation contained 0.1 g active substance. Now they are produced only as part of complex supplements.

I found where to buy this vitamin only on the iherb website. I looked in our online stores, the same brand names are there. But of course the price is more expensive. The drugs contain from 100 to 1000 mg and are available in tablets and capsules. See what dosage the doctor prescribes for you. Although in practice, overdose is extremely rare, since it is a water-soluble vitamin. And everything unnecessary is eliminated by the body. If pregnant or breastfeeding only, do not exceed the recommended dose.

TOP 7 benefits for the body

The advantages of this element for our body are considerable. I will list the most significant of them.

Healthy heart. Pantothenic acid helps maintain normal cholesterol levels in the arteries and prevents the formation dangerous plaques. And this protects against heart attack or stroke ( 1 ). Another benefit of B5 is that it helps the body create red blood cells, which carry oxygen throughout the body. The vitamin has been proven to increase hemoglobin levels in our body.
Converts food into energy. All vitamins help us convert carbohydrates into glucose, which is used as fuel for the body. This occurs through the synthesis of an enzyme known as coenzyme A (CoA). It breaks down sugar into the form of glucose for energy. B vitamins help the body synthesize and metabolize proteins and fats. And they help our body use the products we consume to restore tissues, muscles and organs.
Helps cope with stress. Vitamin B5 is partially responsible for regulating adrenal function and creating the stress hormone cortisol ( 3 ). When we lack this element, we lose our ability to respond effectively to stress. There are problems with sleep, mood swings, weight gain or loss.

Research results have shown that vitamin B5 enhances the effect of cholinesterase inhibitors. These drugs are used to treat Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, be sure to take B5 under the supervision of a doctor.

There are sources showing that the vitamin can affect the absorption and effectiveness of tetracycline antibiotics. It is not recommended to take them together. All B vitamins in the form of supplements act in the same way in relation to antibiotics.

At the same time, B5 enhances the absorption of potassium. In a similar way, vitamins affect drugs aimed at improving intestinal motility and cardiac glycosides. But barbiturates, caffeine and alcohol remove B5 from the body. This element is also intensively removed by diuretics.

I’m sure now you can unmistakably say: “Vitamin B5 – what is it?” And if necessary you can bring Interesting Facts about this element. Lecture your friends about the importance of pantothenic acid or send them a link to this article. And I take my leave - until we meet again. Bye bye!

Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid)– a water-soluble compound with a simple structure. It was discovered in 1933 by scientist Williams and only after ten years of experiments was its vitamin nature confirmed. This vitamin gets its name from the Greek word “pantothene,” meaning “everywhere, everywhere.” After all, it can be found in almost all products.

Pharmacological vitamin B5 is a calcium salt, and in its natural form it is an acid. But this fact does not prevent both forms from acting effectively.

Pantothenic acid dissolves in alcohol, water, acetic acid, is stable in a neutral environment, and is destroyed under the influence of temperature in alkaline and acidic environments.

Effect of vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid)

The effect of vitamin B5 will be difficult to overestimate. It is transported throughout the body, distributed throughout all tissues. Absorbed in the intestines and, entering the blood, passes into the form of enzymes. Due to its water-soluble nature, the vitamin does not accumulate, providing toxic effect. Excreted as free acid through the kidneys.

There are probably no functions in our body that are not affected by pantothenic acid. Its main role is to participate in the production of energy at the cellular level, which is so necessary for physical and mental stress.

Vitamin B5 actively takes part in processes such as:

metabolism, processes of acetylation and oxidation, accelerating metabolism;
regulation of the nervous system, prevents the development of Alzheimer's disease and age-related dementia;
normalization of intestinal functions;
maintaining good condition skin and hair;
tissue regeneration;
fight against pathogenic microbes and inflammatory processes, acting in the adrenal cortex, the production of glucocorticoids, which help cure arthritis, allergies, heart disease;
in combination with choline they activate brain activity, relieving absent-mindedness, memory problems and depressive disorders;
antibody production in immune system, creating protection against infections;
synthesis of hemoglobin, cholesterol and other important hormones that help prevent the development of diabetes and atherosclerosis;
synthesizes substances that control the senses - the perception of tastes and smells;
defence from small doses radiation.

Daily norm

The daily intake of vitamin B5 varies depending on many indicators. So for an adult healthy person, 10-12 mg is required, for children 2-7 mg, for pregnant and lactating women - 15-20 mg. But these are, one might say, standard situations. Under conditions of high physical activity, infectious diseases, stress and in the postoperative period, the need for pantothenic acid increases, required dosage Only the attending physician can choose.

Lack of vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid)

A lack of vitamin B5 in the body is scary because almost all organs are affected, and very quickly. First of all, fatigue, loss of strength and loss of performance will appear due to the fact that pantothenic acid is instantly consumed in the muscles. Then signs of nervous system and sleep disorders will appear, and unpleasant sensations in the fingers and limbs may also appear. Without any reason, headaches and muscle pain occur, which are caused by metabolic disorders and the accumulation of lactic acid.

indigestion, loss of appetite, problems with absorption, constipation or, conversely, diarrhea;
burning pain in the legs during sleep, most often in the calf area;
exhaustion and various problems caused by metabolic disorders, especially evident in women during menopause, lead to pressure changes and poor coordination in space;
appearance external signs, such as hair loss, nail problems, dandruff, dermatitis;
the development of gastritis and peptic ulcers due to regular gastrointestinal disorders;
weakened immunity and, accordingly, frequent colds and infectious diseases appear in the later stages of hypovitaminosis, because antibodies change over time;
in advanced forms of hypovitaminosis, kidney dysfunction is possible;
an increase in “bad” cholesterol, problems arise with the arteries and heart functions and, as a result, atherosclerosis can develop, which today occupies a leading position in deaths;
in children, in addition to hypovitaminosis (vitaminosis - acute failure) may cause growth to slow or stop.

Vitamin B5 can be confidently called the “vitamin of youth”, because its lack significantly affects appearance: the appearance early gray hair, age spots, skin ages, eyes fade, appears excess weight. It is enough to change your “diet” and you will lose up to ten years.

By the way, pantothenic acid promotes fat burning (lipolysis), so it can proudly bear the title of architect of a slim figure.

And the best part about all of the above is that hypovitaminosis B5 is enough rare disease. It’s not for nothing that they gave it the name “pantoten” - everywhere. With a varied and nutritious diet, the body receives this beneficial vitamin in more than sufficient quantities.

But do not forget that only sufficient consumption of foods in natural form can satisfy the need. After all, preservation, freezing and heat treatment destroy most of the vitamin.

In addition, there are cases when it is worth taking care of taking pantothenic acid. As a rule, its synthesis is prevented by antibiotics and sulfonamides, alcohol and hormonal drugs.

By the way, hypervitaminosis B5 is quite a rare phenomenon, because its excess is quickly eliminated from the body with urine. Sometimes diarrhea or fluid retention in the body may occur.

Sources of Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid)

Sources of vitamin B5 for the body are very diverse; it is partially synthesized by microflora healthy intestines person. The rest is consumed in food, and the list is very extensive.

The main sources with the maximum vitamin content are brewer's and baker's yeast, liver, kidneys, eggs, dairy products, vegetables, peanuts, bran and cereals, fish, baked goods made from whole grain flour.

But it is necessary to take into account that the own synthesis of pantothenic acid occurs only in healthy microflora, and heat treatment destroys up to 50%. In addition, the lack of other vitamins contributes to low level absorption, just like eating fast food. Therefore, it is important to eat right - more fresh vegetables and fruits, and prefer meat and fish dried or baked, preferably in foil.

Interaction with other drugs

Vitamin B5 serves as an auxiliary component in the treatment of many diseases:

enhances the work of cardiac glucosides - for the treatment of heart failure;
neutralizes the effect of anti-tuberculosis drugs and streptomycin;
promotes the absorption of folic acid (B9) and choline (B4).

With a lack of vitamins C, B1 and B2, the effect of pantothenic acid is weakened, even with sufficient quantity, because Useful compounds and synthesis of pantheine and coenzyme are not created.

The big enemies of vitamin B5, as well as other vitamins, are alcohol, nicotine, antibiotics and other toxic substances.

Indications for use

Indications for prescribing the vitamin for medical purposes:

Metabolic disorders of various types and their consequences - dermatological diseases;
Allergic reactions, manifested in skin rashes and irritation of the respiratory tract;
Bronchitis, asthma and tuberculosis;
Liver diseases – hepatitis, cirrhosis;
Thyroid gland dysfunction;
Treatment of chronic alcoholism;
Pancreatitis and diseases of the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract;
Problems with nervous system– polyneuritis, neuralgia, neurasthenia;
Recovery after operations;
Toxicosis in pregnant women.

Recently, cosmetologists and dermatologists have adopted pantothenic acid. Studies have shown that it is highly effective in the treatment of acne, acne and dermatological diseases. Also used to even out skin color and straighten fine wrinkles. In such cases, vitamin B5 is administered by injection, and intramuscular injections are quite painful.