Constant pain in the lower left abdomen in women. What to do for pain in the left side of the lower abdomen

And the bones of the pelvic girdle.

This is a broad group of unpleasant sensations in the abdominal wall and/or abdominal cavity with pain localized to:

the front side of the body (below the navel line);

back side of the body (below the lumbar line).

Pain syndrome in the lower abdomen is relevant for almost all categories of patients with gynecological, urological, gastroenterological diseases, as well as surgical pathologies of the pelvic organs.

Pain in the lower abdomen on the left side most often brings patients to the following hospital departments:

gynecology – 60-70%;

urology 65-90%

gastroenterology – 50-60%;

orthopedics – 7-15%.

Throughout life, pain in the lower left abdomen periodically appears in every sixth person on the planet. Medicine associates pelvic pain with hundreds of the most various diseases internal organs and systems. We have selected the most obvious and common causes of this problem.

On the left side of the abdominal cavity there are the following bodies:

The spleen is an unpaired organ related to immune system. In the parenchyma, blood cells are formed, accumulated and utilized. The spleen acts as a reserve storage (depot) of blood due to the portal blood flow system. Total removal of the spleen does not lead to the death of a person, since in this case its functions are taken over by other organs (lymph nodes, liver).

Small intestine. Loops of the jejunum are partially located on the left side. This is the second section of the small intestine. The main diseases accompanied by pain are intussusception, blockages and inflammatory processes.

Colon. The cause of pain is inflammation, dysfunction of secretory functions.

• Left side transverse colon;

  Descending branch of the colon.

Organs genitourinary system person:

• The left part of the unpaired organs - the uterus, birth canal (in women);

  The left side of the paired internal organs (female and male, as well as kidneys).

Skeletal bones of the pelvic girdle, left hip joint, vessels, cartilage, nerves, lymph nodes of the pelvic girdle. Similar information ().

Pain is a complex pathophysiological process. With the same disease, it can appear on both the left and right side of the body. Pain can migrate to areas of the body remote from the pathological focus. There are cases of pain without an obvious source of pathology.

The reasons for the formation of a focus of pain are:

Local blood circulation disorder;

Violation of cellular metabolism in the pathological focus;

Inflammatory and/or dystrophic processes;

Functional and morphological changes in internal organs.

Pain syndrome is characterized by several stages of development:

First stage. The appearance of unpleasant sensations at the location of the pathological focus.

Second phase. The appearance of referred pain, the formation of a secondary focus of pathology and loss obvious connection with the primary focus.

Third stage. The spread of trophic disorders, the deepening of pathological processes, the expansion of foci of pain impulse.

Causes of pain in the left side of the lower abdomen

Pain in the left side of the lower abdomen, combined with symptoms of a disease of the organ located on the same side, is the primary stage of the disease. Referring and referred pain occurs in chronic forms of diseases involving large areas of the body in the pathogenesis.

Pain in diseases of the spleen

In the early stages of the disease, pain is most likely localized in the left side.

Chronic lymphoma and myeloid leukemia. Oncological disease accompanied by damage to the hematopoietic organs - spleen, liver, regional lymph nodes. There are three clinical phases of the disease: chronic, progressive, blast crisis.

Symptoms chronic phase. There may be no pain. They appear as they grow. Most early sign– increased fatigue, sweating, decreased appetite. In some cases, the disease is accompanied by weight loss. When the size of the spleen increases, pain occurs after eating. Many patients report feeling full too quickly. On early stage Diagnosis is carried out using ultrasound and laboratory blood tests.

Symptoms of the progressive phase. They are detected by the physical method - deep external palpation, which causes increased pain in the lower abdomen on the left. It increases as the spleen and inguinal lymph nodes enlarge.

Symptoms of the blast crisis phase (explosive cell growth). During this period, aching pain in the joints and bones of the pelvic girdle or at a remote distance from the location of the lesion is characteristic. Body temperature rises and fluctuates. A decrease in blood clotting and a rapid increase in the volume of the spleen are detected. Diagnosis of the disease is carried out using instrumental and laboratory studies.

Splenic infarction. The reason is blockage of arterioles, small arteries of the organ parenchyma and the development of a focus of necrosis around the blood clot. Splenic infarction is easily confused with diseases that are its causes: infections, pathologies of blood vessels.

Splenic infarction is manifested by sharp pain in the left hypochondrium. As pathogenesis develops, the pain may descend to the lower abdomen. It intensifies when deep breath, and movement. Body temperature rises to 38.0-39.0 0 C. The disease is dangerous due to massive blood loss. The diagnosis is made based on instrumental studies. Treatment – ​​surgery, physiotherapy, medication correction.

Volvulus of the spleen. Partial or complete twisting of the splenic artery, veins and nerve bundles around their axis. Reason – individual characteristics a person who has from birth long mesenteric ligaments that hold the organ in the abdominal cavity, or injuries to the spleen.

Accompanied by symptoms of acute abdomen. Arises sharp pain in the left side, then it begins to fall lower and radiate to the groin area on the left. The pain is accompanied by vomiting, constipation and bloating. There is a sharp deterioration in health. In case of incomplete twisting, the patient complains only of periodic pain in the left side, worsening with physical activity.

In relation to a patient with symptoms of an acute abdomen, the issue of immediate surgery. Sluggish pain with partial twisting is a reason for immediate clinical examination. After clarifying the diagnosis, the issue of treatment is decided, including a planned surgical operation.

Acute enlargement of the spleen. The two main causes of spleen enlargement are impaired blood flow through the portal vein and inflammation.

Inflammation of the spleen. It is rarely an independent disease; more often the pathology develops as a secondary process involving the spleen in the pathogenesis, for example, the liver. Accompanied by symptoms of the underlying disease. The organ is enlarged significantly less, the pain is combined with,. Most common reasons inflammation of the spleen - diseases neighboring organs, including liver: Gaucher disease - a disorder fat metabolism liver; Banti's disease - accompanied by or degeneration of liver tissue; Hodgkin's disease - lymphogranulomatosis.

Abscess of the spleen. This is the result of the development of limited purulent inflammation in the capsule or parenchyma of the spleen. The pathogenesis of small abscesses usually ends with complete recovery. When large or multiple ones form, especially those that open into the abdominal cavity, peritonitis may develop. Its signs are severe diffuse pain radiating to the left side and lower abdomen, high temperature, a sharp deterioration in health, and regression of consciousness.

Splenic cyst. It is a cavity made of connective tissue capsule. Inside it is filled with watery, mucous contents. A cyst forms as a result of the completion of an abscess. It can also be the result of rupture of the spleen due to traumatic injuries. Small cysts are painless, but large ones cause slight pain when pressed with a fist in the area of ​​the left hypochondrium. Patients also note paroxysmal dull pain of low intensity during physical activity.

Other pathologies, including congenital disorders and splenic atrophy, occur without significant pain.

Pain in diseases of the small intestine

The small intestine is divided into the duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Pain in the left side of the lower abdomen can most likely be caused by damage to the jejunum, part of the loops of which are located on the corresponding side of the human body.

Malabsorption. A disease of a congenital or acquired nature. The pathogenesis is based on the inability of the mucous membranes of the small intestine to absorb one or more food products in the intestines, for example, milk or fruit. The disease is characterized by frequent (three or more times a day) bowel movements, loose stools with a greasy consistency. The pain is localized in the left side, and when the jejunum is distended with gases, it is accompanied by cramping attacks. Additional symptoms are rumbling in the intestines, increased gas formation, bad taste in the mouth. The bursting pain subsides after bowel movement, and the cramping pain decreases after taking antispasmodic medications (no-spa, also known as drotaverine). The final diagnosis is made based on laboratory and instrumental methods research.

Celiac disease. Usually develops in newborns transitioning from breast milk for complementary feeding from cereals. There are known cases of celiac disease in adults. The basis of the disease is gluten intolerance. Gluten is vegetable protein, which is found in gluten from cereals. The symptoms of the disease are in many ways reminiscent of malabsorption; the same nagging pain in the abdomen appears. Due to digestive disorders, exhaustion quickly develops. Between six months and one year of age appearance sick child with ineffective treatment takes on a rachitic appearance: the abdomen is enlarged, growth and development are delayed, the mucous membranes are brightly colored.

The large intestine includes the cecum, colon, sigmoid and rectum.

The colon, in turn, is divided into:

ascending - located on the right;

descending - located on the left;

transverse - located horizontally in the epigastric region, partially on the left.

Pain on the left side of the lower abdomen is usually associated with damage to the descending or transverse colon:

Irritable bowel syndrome. Disease unknown etiology. Some researchers give priority to the stress factor. Men and women of all ages are affected, but two thirds of patients are middle-aged women. They experience an exacerbation during their monthly cycles and during hormonal surges. Irritable bowel syndrome manifests itself as chronic abdominal pain, sometimes on the left side, as well as flatulence, constipation or diarrhea. A distinctive feature of the disease is the absence of visible morphological changes in the intestinal walls. The disease periodically subsides and worsens again, for example, after eating certain types of food and after. The main method of treatment is special diet and drug correction.

Hirschsprung's disease. Hereditary pathology. Mostly boys are affected. The disease is a consequence of the congenital absence of areas of innervation in certain, limited areas of the large intestine. The main symptoms are constipation, bloating, increased gas formation. The development of pain in the left side of the abdomen is a consequence of acute expansion of the large intestine. The main method of treatment is surgical intervention, namely, removal of sections of the intestine that do not have nerve endings.

Crohn's disease . Nodular inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. We will look at isolated inflammation of the descending colon, since it is precisely this that is characterized by pain in the lower abdomen on the left. The cause of the disease has not been fully established. The disease manifests itself general symptoms– fatigue, loss of appetite, lethargy; and specific signs– pain in the left side, vomiting. If other parts of the intestine are involved in the process, the symptoms will be more complex. Crohn's disease is very difficult to diagnose and is often disguised as other pathologies. When parts of the intestine on the right side are involved in the pathogenesis, the symptoms are very similar to inflammation of the appendix with the same vivid pain manifestations.

Nonspecific ulcerative colitis. Polyetiological chronic inflammation of the large intestine. Accompanied by morphological changes in the intestinal walls. There is no exact information about the causes of the disease, but it is believed that it is based on hereditary factors, combined with violations. There are medical hypotheses about the influence of allergies and bacteria. Clinically, UC manifests itself precisely as pain in the left side of the lower abdomen. The nature of the pain is paroxysmal colic of varying intensity. Other symptoms are joint pain, diarrhea mixed with blood and pus, fever, as a result of the introduction of microbes into the mucous membrane. The final diagnosis is made based on examination of the intestinal mucosa using instrumental methods.

Diverticulosis of the large intestine. A disease accompanied by the development of diverticula - pathological pouches formed when the intestinal walls protrude. Elderly people are more often affected. Diverticula interfere with normal peristalsis and accumulate in them. feces, causing stagnation, fermentation, gas formation and intestinal expansion. Finally, dense tissues form in the diverticula. fecal stones(calculi). When the descending colon is affected, pain occurs in the left side, maybe in the lower abdomen, as well as constipation and black stool due to intestinal bleeding. Diagnosis of the localization of diverticula is made using instrumental methods for examining the intestine, and diverticulosis is treated only surgically.

Colon polyposis. Multifactorial disease accompanied by appearance on the mucous membranes of the colon benign formations– polyps. The formation of these polyps is associated with a disruption in the absorption of water from the intestinal contents and difficulty in passing the contents. As a result, diarrhea is combined with constipation; in severe cases, a dangerous state of dehydration develops. Pain on the left side occurs when the descending part of the colon is affected.

Atony of the large intestine. It develops when the patient’s body’s resistance decreases against the background of the underlying disease, for example, when lying motionless for a long time during illness. Atony is most often diagnosed in older people. Basic clinical symptom– impaired peristalsis, constipation, bloating, noise and rumbling, as a consequence of fermentation processes. Bloating causes a dull, arching pain. When gases accumulate in the descending colon, aching pain appears in the left side of the lower abdomen.

Malignant formations. Colon cancer is a generalized name for several diseases of oncological etiology. One of the reasons for the development malignant tumors– malignancy or transformation of benign cells into cancerous ones.

The pain syndrome develops first on the side where the tumor arose. Characteristic is an increase in the intensity of sensations, and with tumor necrosis, the pain intensifies and grows around the lesion.

Some diseases were mentioned in connection with damage to the right (see here). This text expands the information.

Hydroureteronephrosis. This is an expansion of the renal pelvis. It develops due to impaired outflow of urine from the kidney. Causes: urolithiasis, narrowing or diverticula of the ureter. Since the kidney is a paired organ, unilateral damage lasts subclinically for a long time. Acute expansion is accompanied by sharp sounds that can descend to the lower abdomen.

Allen-Masters syndrome. Develops due to rupture of the uterine ligaments during difficult labor and abortion, or during rapid labor. Appears shortly after specified pathologies. The most common symptom is cramping pain in the lower abdomen, sometimes on the left or in the anus, especially when straining. Burning pain inside the abdominal cavity radiates to the left iliac region. Additional symptoms are fatigue, pain during sex and menstruation. Diagnosis is based on physical examination: the doctor detects abnormal mobility of the cervix, torn ligaments do not hold the organ in a stable position. The uterus is painful when pressing on the abdominal wall. Ligament rupture causes venous stasis in the pelvic area.

External genital endometriosis. Pain develops with pathological proliferation of myometrial cells in external endometriosis:

• Ovaries. The clinic reminds ectopic pregnancy with pain in the lower abdomen of varying intensity. Damage to the left ovary is accompanied by aching pain on the corresponding side, the pain intensifies during and during sexual intercourse. Associated pain associated with the development of adhesions;

  Peritoneum. Maybe asymptomatic, characterized by a disorder menstrual cycle, development, pain during sexual intercourse and pain in the lower abdomen, often on the left;

  Fallopian tubes. It manifests itself as pain during palpation of the cervix and during menstruation. The development of infertility is observed, sometimes an ectopic pregnancy occurs with the embryo localized in the fallopian tubes;

  Cervix. Characterized by persistent pain in the pelvic area, possibly on the left. Often the pain descends to the rectal area and intensifies during bowel movements and sex;

  Vagina and labia. Visually, bloody nodules are detected on the vaginal mucosa and labia, combined with discharge and pain on palpation. Sex is impossible due to severe pain, and in calm state there is pain in the lower abdomen;

  Rectumuterine cavity. During rectal palpation, endometriotic nodules in the form of rosary beads are felt on the walls of the rectum near the uterine cavity. Patients complain of nagging pain in the perineum and lower abdomen on the left, with the left side of the rectum predominantly affected.

Pain in diseases of the hip joint, cartilage, blood vessels, nerves, lymph nodes (). Diseases of the right side of these anatomical formations are identical to the left-sided lesion.

Pain caused by injury or trauma has a pathophysiological significance for the body that is significantly different from internal pelvic pain. Pain caused by injuries, as a rule, should be immediately relieved by taking painkillers.

Pain caused by pathologies of internal organs, on the contrary, must be stopped with great care. If internal pain occurs, pain relief is allowed by applying a cold compress to the area.

Dull aching pain in the left side

This type of pain is a common complaint of patients with unilateral gynecological pathologies. Women usually experience dull pain in the left side of the lower abdomen with cycle disorders, during sex, with inflammation of the genital organs and non-inflammatory () diseases. Inflammatory pathologies, accompanied by dull pain, are usually combined with increased body temperature, weakness and increased fatigue. In addition to gynecological diseases, dull pain accompanies varicose veins leg veins, acute dilatation Bladder, haemorrhoids. A dull, aching pain is felt when the lymph nodes on the left side of the body are inflamed.

Nagging pain in left side

This pain is typical for purulent pathologies of the pelvic organs on the left side; it is usually debilitating and of low intensity. A nagging pain on the left is felt with inflammation of the scrotum, external male genitalia, as well as with strangulated hernias accompanied by sprained ligaments in the groin. Pain gradually increases in cancer due to irritation of the nerve ganglia by the growing tumor. In case of severe pathologies, the presence and intensity of other symptoms should be taken into account: (, vomiting, enlarged lymph nodes)

Sharp pain in left side

Cravings accompany pathologies associated with spasms of the pelvic organs when the intestines are distended with gases or directly affected by pain nerve endings. Sharp pain is sometimes evidence of acute dilatation of the bladder and renal pelvis, inflammation or rupture of ligaments, rupture of the ovary, passage of uralites through urinary tract. Alternatively, in the above cases there may be a dull pain.

Stitching pain in left side

Colic usually occurs with kidney and intestinal diseases. Stitching, throbbing pain is possible with ulceration of the mucous membrane of the ureters and urethra. A type of stabbing pain is a shooting pain that indicates inflammation of the lower back, joints, and cartilage. Stitching pain occurs when the intestines expand due to increased gas formation. After defecation and urination, such pain subsides. Stitching pain is a formidable symptom that should not be neglected. It may be a harbinger of a breakup.

With rare exceptions, pain is never the main symptom, and it accompanies all serious pathologies of internal organs. Modern methods diagnostics (CT with contrast, varieties of spiral MRI, ultrasound, laparoscopy) significantly expand the possibilities of identifying signs of diseases, causing pain. Only 1.5% of cases of pain in the pelvic organs are not accompanied by pronounced morphological changes in the internal organs. Pain is often combined with symptoms of the underlying disease: fever, vomiting and others.

Temperature

A sharp increase in it is evidence of serious disruptions in the body, including:

infectious - infectious diseases affecting the pelvic organs are usually combined with fever;

inflammatory pathologies of the internal organs of the small pelvis in men and women with the threat of developing peritonitis;

traumatic injuries with the threat of rupture of the walls of internal organs.

Nausea, vomiting

The combination of pain on the right, less often on the left, or unclear localization with fever and vomiting is characteristic of appendicitis. IN medical textbooks they write that vomiting with appendicitis is usually one-time, but in practice it happens differently. Repeated vomiting and pain in the lower abdomen on the left, often of a girdling nature, also develop with pancreatitis and cholecystitis.

Particular concern should be caused by persistent, indomitable nausea and vomiting, combined with pain.

What to do if there is pain in the left side?

For diseases of the spleen, the patient often requires surgical intervention. This is especially true when pain in the organ is caused by a cyst or growing tumor.

To make a person feel better, it is possible to use the following drugs:

Spasmalgon, Ibuprofen, Drotaverine. They are prescribed to relieve pain.

Linex, Espumisan, Mezim-forte. The drugs help reduce bloating.

Heparin, Fraxiparin. These absorbable and anticoagulant drugs are indicated for use in case of organ infarction.

Panadol, Aspirin, Ibuklin, Paracetamol. They are prescribed to reduce body temperature.

What to do for pain in the small intestine?

If a person suffers from celiac disease or malabsorption, then he needs to stop eating highly fermented foods. The small intestine simply cannot digest them.

When a patient is diagnosed peptic ulcer, drugs such as:

Pariet, Esomeprazole, Ranitidine, Famotidine, Pirenzepine. These are antisecretory drugs that reduce the production of of hydrochloric acid in the stomach.

De-nol, Vikalin, Vikair are preparations containing bismuth.

Clarithromycin, Tinidazole, Tetracycline, Amoxicillin are antibacterial drugs.

Gastal, Maalox, Almagel, Nimesil are drugs for relieving heartburn.

Loperamide, Acylact, Lactobacterin, Normobact - means to eliminate diarrhea.

Tisaden, Bisacodyl, Senalex, Glycelax are anti-constipation medications.

Smecta, Bobotik, Sab Simplex, Meteospasmil - drugs to reduce bloating due to gas.

What to do if you have pain in the large intestine?

If a person suffers from pain in the large intestine, he may be prescribed such medicines, How:

Mesalazine.

Sulfasalazine.

Prednisolone.

Enzymatic agents: Festal, Creon, Pankreoflat, Encipalmed.

Painkillers: Spazmalgon, Baralgin, Kolotal, Nirvaxal, Maxigan.

Drugs to reduce body temperature: Paracetamol, Citramon, Ibuklin, Nurofen.

Drugs to stop vomiting: Trazine, Senorm, Bonin, Zofran.

Means to stop diarrhea: Fthalazol, Bifiform, Hilak forte, Enterol.

Drugs to cope with constipation: Lactitol, Glycerol, Duphalac, Romphalac.

Anti-bloating medications: Linex, Mezim-Forte, Enterosgel.

What to do for diseases of the genitourinary system?

Diseases of the genitourinary system require a professional approach to treatment; self-prescription of medications is unacceptable. Sometimes patients need surgery, for example, with endometriosis in neglected form, or when ligaments are torn.

To eliminate symptoms, medications such as:

Antibiotics: Azitral, Biseptol, Normobactin, Moximac, Ospamox.

Relieving medications inflammatory reaction: Nurofen, Ketonal, Meloxicam, Melbek, Voltaren.

Drugs for pain relief: Spazgan, Nurofen, Movasin, Indomethacin.

Drugs to reduce body temperature: Pentalgin, Paracetamol, Diclak, Metindol, Naproxen.

Lymphadenitis as a cause of pain in the left side

For lymphadenitis, accompanied by inflammation of the lymph nodes, medications such as:

Amoxiclav.

Cetirizine.

Clindamycin.

Acyclovir.

Fluconazole.

Nimesulide, etc.

Patients are also prescribed physiotherapeutic procedures: UHF, laser therapy, galvanization.

Gastritis as a cause of pain

A gastroenterologist treats gastritis.

The doctor prescribes medications to the patient such as:

• Activated carbon

  Doxycycline.

  Cimetidine.

  Hydrotalcite.

  Gastracid.

  Famotidine.

  Diosmectite.

Pancreatitis as a cause of pain in the left side

Developing pancreatitis requires consultation with a doctor. If the doctor considers that the disease is severe, he will hospitalize the patient. Although sometimes treatment at home is possible.

For this purpose, medications such as:

Enzymes: Pancreatin, Festal, Mezim, Creon, Contrical.

Antispasmodics: Papaverine, No-shpa, Baralgin.

Diuretics: Diacarb, Lasix, Furosemide.

Neuralgia as a cause of pain

A neurologist treats neuralgia.

The doctor may prescribe medications such as:

Ibuprofen, Panadol, analgin, Nimesulide, Diclofenac. They help relieve pain. Sometimes medications are taken orally, and sometimes they are used for topical application. Diclofenac, Voltaren, Nimid are available in ointment form.

B vitamins. Deficiency of these vitamins often causes the development of neuralgia.

To remove muscle spasm and eliminating inflammation, it is recommended to take drugs such as: Tempalgin, Baclofen, Clonazepam, Sirdalud.

Promote healing effect possible with the help of physiotherapy. Therefore, patients with neuralgia may be prescribed Sollux, electrophoresis or UHF.

Education: Moscow State Medical and Dental University (1996). In 2003, he received a diploma from the educational and scientific medical center for the administration of the President of the Russian Federation.

Popular news:

ADD A COMMENT

Before asking a question, read the existing comments, perhaps there is an answer to your question!

The appearance of pain in the left lower abdomen may indicate a serious problem with the organs located in this area. Among possible pathologies there are diseases of the intestines, bladder or gynecological area. Let's take a closer look at the most important reasons pain in the left lower abdomen and their treatment.

Located in the lower abdomen thick section intestines, which can cause pain in pathologies. It is important to distinguish between symptoms of acute pathologies that require emergency medical care, for example, atypically located appendicitis or intestinal obstruction.

Atypical appendicitis

Inflammation of the small appendix of the cecum is called appendicitis. The reasons for his infection are ambiguous. Some scientists talk about the anatomical features of the intestinal structure, due to which people are susceptible to inflammation of the appendix.

The main sign of inflammation of the appendix is ​​pain in the lower abdomen. It is usually localized on the right, but there are cases of atypical left-sided location of the process. Due to the pathologically mobile cecum, the appendix shifts to the left side.

A mirror arrangement of organs is also possible, when not only the intestines, but all organs are moved to the opposite side. This can make diagnosis difficult. But atypical tenderness on the left side should not completely rule out appendicitis.

The pain caused by inflammation of the appendix is ​​strong and constant, intensifying when trying to make a movement. In addition to pain, a person is worried about:

• single loose stool;
• nausea, vomiting several times;
• high body temperature.

The diagnosis is made after examination by a surgeon, based on objective signs. Treatment consists of surgery: the inflamed appendage is removed. The intervention is small in scope, after which the person is discharged from the department just a few days later.

Important! Faster rehabilitation occurs with laparoscopic removal of the appendix.

Intestinal obstruction

Intestinal obstruction develops when the movement of food stops. It is caused by tumors, volvulus, and some common diseases. Obstruction may develop gradually over several weeks or acutely.

Pain in the lower abdomen on the left side appears with colonic obstruction. Then the food stops in the area of ​​the sigmoid colon, for example, at the site of a tumor. It accumulates above the formation, overstretching the intestine. The intestines begin to die from excessive compression.

A constant appears strong pain, which intensifies as obstruction develops. Inflammation of the peritoneum develops - peritonitis. At the slightest movement or touching the abdomen, the pain intensifies. Along with pain syndrome, a person suffers from:

• nausea and vomiting;
• high temperature;
• severe weakness and dehydration;
• lack of stool.

The diagnosis of intestinal obstruction is established after examination (abdominal x-ray). This is an emergency pathology and its treatment is carried out in a hospital as soon as possible. The patient undergoes surgery to remove the blockage. If the tumor was to blame, then it is removed. The dead section of the intestine is removed. After the operation, they are prescribed strong antibiotics intravenously.

Important! In case of low intestinal obstruction, they often resort to removing part of the intestine to the anterior wall of the abdomen - a stoma.

Hernias

Pain in the lower abdomen may be caused by inguinal hernia. This happens due to anatomical features person. Factors that increase the pressure in the abdominal cavity provoke the appearance of a hernia:

• persistent cough;
• constipation;
• flatulence;
• lifting weights.

The pain with hernial protrusion is aching, periodic. If the hernia is complicated by strangulation, the compressed intestine begins to die. A strong one appears constant pain and symptoms of peritonitis.

A hernia looks like a round formation in the left lower abdomen, in the groin area or on the scrotum. The diagnosis is not difficult. An uncomplicated hernia is treated with elective surgery. A strangulated hernia is an indication for emergency surgery, since developing peritonitis can lead to death.

The intestine is placed in the abdominal cavity, and the tissue defect that allowed the intestine to come out is sutured and strengthened additional funds, for example, a grid. The hernia can recur, so after surgery you should get rid of the factors that provoke its appearance, for example, constipation.

Video - Why does the left side in the lower abdomen hurt?

Sigmoiditis

The sigmoid colon is located in the lower left part of the abdomen. It can become a source of pain when inflammation develops. Moreover, inflammation occurs both infectious and nonspecific, for example, Crohn's disease.

The pain syndrome with sigmoiditis is paroxysmal. Pressing in this area increases the pain, and under your fingers you can feel a dense, inflamed sigmoid colon. It is in a state of spasm, so it looks like a dense, lumpy cord.

Along with the pain, multiple loose stools appear, sometimes mixed with blood. Body temperature may rise to low levels. If sigmoiditis is nonspecific, then it is characterized by an alternating course - with exacerbations and lulls.

Treatment of infectious sigmoiditis involves the use of antibiotics and sorbents. For nonspecific sigmoiditis, strong anti-inflammatory drugs such as glucocorticosteroids or cytostatics help.

Intestinal colic

Often, pain in the lower abdomen can be a consequence of severe flatulence or intestinal colic. Gases inflate the intestinal walls, putting pressure on them, causing severe paroxysmal pain.

A number of products that increase gas formation provoke excess gas:

• black bread;
• legumes;
• carbonated drinks;
• yeast baked goods.

If there are episodes of intestinal colic, it is better to exclude these foods from the diet. Gas formation can also increase under the influence of stressful situations.

Treatment consists of using antispasmodics, for example:

• No-shpa;
• Duspatalin;
• Papaverine.

They will relax the intestines and facilitate the removal of gases. Typically, colic attacks last no more than 20-30 minutes, passing after a single dose of antispasmodics. If colic does not go away for a long time, you should seek medical attention. medical care in order to exclude more dangerous pathologies.

Important! Intestinal colic often bothers people with irritable bowel syndrome.

Gynecological problems

In the lower abdomen there are organs of the female reproductive sphere - the uterus, ovaries, and tubes. They quite often become a source of pain due to their pathology.

On the sides of the uterus are its appendages and ovaries, which often become infected and inflamed. This condition is called adnexitis or salpingoophoritis. There are acute and chronic types of inflammation.

The reasons for it are:

• sexually transmitted infections;
• nonspecific bacteria – coli and others.

The pain in acute adnexitis is sharp and constant. They are localized in the left side of the abdomen if the left ovary is affected. Vaginal discharge and fever may occur. Severe weakness and symptoms of intoxication develop. Without adequate treatment acute adnexitis becomes chronic.

Chronic adnexitis causes less severe pain, and there is usually no discharge from the genital tract or fever. The pain is nagging and aching, intensifying during menstruation. With chronic inflammation, adhesions gradually develop in the area of ​​the affected organs.

Treatment of adnexitis is long-term and complex. Prescribed:

• antibiotics: Ceftriaxone, Cefepime, Augmentin, Ciprofloxacin;
• anti-inflammatory drugs: Ibuprofen, Diclofenac;
• resorption therapy: Aloe extract;
• physiotherapeutic methods: UHF, electrophoresis.

Important! Without treatment, adnexitis can cause secondary infertility.

Ectopic pregnancy

It doesn’t happen often, but it happens that during pregnancy the embryo is implanted not in the uterus, but in the tube. The development of ectopic pregnancy is promoted by adnexitis, after which adhesions and the presence of intrauterine device. These conditions prevent the tube from making normal movements that are aimed at moving the embryo into the uterus, and it attaches to the wall of the tube.

As it grows, it will stretch its walls until one day they burst. Severe acute pain will appear on the left side if the left tube ruptures. The pain is so severe that it can lead to loss of consciousness. Internal bleeding develops from the vessels of the tube, the symptoms of which are:

• severe weakness;
• noise in ears;
• dizziness;
• low pressure;
• frequent pulse.

This emergency condition, in which surgery should be performed as soon as possible. Usually the pipe is removed because it is too damaged. But for small tears, removal is possible. ovum without removing the fallopian tube. Reliable contraception is recommended for several months after surgery.

Apoplexy

Another acute pathology that occurs in women is follicle rupture or apoplexy. A mature egg is released from the ovary at the time of ovulation. This happens when the follicle bursts. In some women, its walls are too thick, so rupture can cause pain.

Usually apoplexy is provoked by sexual intercourse or physical stress. Appears sharp pain in the area of ​​the lower abdomen on the left or right, depending on the location of the culprit ovary. There may be a brief loss of consciousness due to severe pain.

The diagnosis is made after examining and interviewing the girl. Pain during sexual intercourse that appears in the middle of the cycle is always suspicious of apoplexy. Ultrasound examination confirms the diagnosis.

Typically, the symptoms of apoplexy are short-lived and subside within a few days. To relieve pain, use painkillers such as Ibuprofen, Voltaren, Ketorol in injections or tablets, depending on the severity of pain. In the future, if such episodes are repeated daily, then the woman should be advised to take combined oral contraceptives. They prevent the maturation of the follicle, preventing the symptoms of apoplexy from developing.

urinary system

The organs of the urinary system can cause pain in the lower abdomen on the left side. Differential diagnosis when such symptoms appear, it should be carried out with these conditions.

Cystitis

This is an inflammation of the bladder caused by microorganisms. It occurs much more often in women than in men. The reason for this is a shorter urethra, which facilitates the penetration of bacteria from the external genital tract.

With cystitis, a person is bothered by constant severe pain in the lower abdomen, which can radiate to the left or right side. The pain becomes more pronounced when going to the toilet, and pain and burning occurs.

The urination itself is more frequent, with a small amount of urine. Diuresis increases at night, which is associated with better blood flow in the kidneys in a horizontal position. With cystitis, it is rare, but the body temperature may rise, then symptoms of general intoxication develop.

When palpated in the lower abdomen, the pain intensifies. Under your fingers you feel a tighter, fuller bladder. The diagnosis is confirmed using a general urinalysis and ultrasound examination.

Treatment of cystitis involves using:

• antibiotics and uroseptics: Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin, Monural;
• anti-inflammatory drugs: Ibuklin, Voltaren;
• diets limiting spicy and smoked foods, which have an irritating effect on the bladder;
• sexual rest for the duration of treatment.

Important! The most common causative agent of cystitis is Escherichia coli.

Urolithiasis disease

Pain in the lower abdomen on the left side is associated with an attack urolithiasis. This is a condition in which the urine has increased amount salts Some of them are deposited in the form of stones in the kidneys, bladder or ureters.

Left-sided, nagging pain is characteristic of a stone in the left ureter. The pain syndrome during an attack of urolithiasis is quite strong and pronounced. When the stone is located in the ureter, the pain radiates to the leg. No situation makes a person’s condition easier.

When it feels pain syndrome on the left side of the lower abdomen, it can be assumed that it appeared in connection with an inflammatory process in the body or other types of diseases.

Pain in the lower abdomen may occur due to gynecological reasons. Or it may be related to gastroenterology and urology.

Also, surgical deviations associated with organs in the pelvis cannot be excluded.

For what reason may women experience pain on the left?

If there is a tug in the left side of the lower abdomen, this should alert and concern you. After all, in this part there are bodies responsible for important functions in organism.

If a pain symptom is felt here, this is a signal about developing disease. Let's look at the reasons why the left lower abdomen may hurt.

The resulting pain can be of various types. The patient feels pain, pulsation, tingling.

On the left side of a woman there is the left ovary, small intestine, pancreas, spleen and left kidney. All these organs, when they are diseased, can transmit pain in the lower abdomen on the left.

Painful sensations and discomfort in the lower abdomen on the left side may be due to diseases related to gastroenterology, gynecology, urology, and also orthopedics.

Throughout life, many people may experience pain in the lower abdomen on the left side. Pelvic pain occurs due to diseases of various internal organs.

1. In the lower left side of women there are the organs of the genitourinary system, the uterus, the birth canal, and the kidney.
2. An organ that has direct relation to the immune system, called the spleen. It contains a supply of blood, which is created by the portal blood flow system. If a problem arises and it is necessary to remove this organ, its functions are taken over by the liver and lymph nodes.
3. In the left lateral part there is a part of the located loop of the jejunum. It is the second section of the small intestine. The pain that occurs may indicate a blockage or intussusception of the inflammatory process.
4. Pain in the large intestine indicates disturbances in the secretory function in the left part of the transverse intestine (colon), the descending branch of the colon.
5. This may be due to the bones located in the pelvic part:

• left hip joint;
• lymph nodes of the pelvic girdle;
• cartilage, blood vessels;
• nerves.

The pain is quite difficult process, and its occurrence may be of different nature for the same disease. It can be transmitted from the site of the disease to another site.

The cause of the source of pain may be:

1. With changes in the structure and functioning of internal organs.
2. For disorders associated with blood circulation.
3. For cell disorders metabolic processes at the site of the disease.
4. Processes of dystrophic and inflammatory in nature.

The pain develops gradually in several phases. Initially, a painful sensation appears at the location where the painful area is concentrated. Further, the pain has a reflected character and is formed in the focus of the pathology.

Moreover, the direct connection with the original place of pain is lost.

Then the diffusion of the trophic disorder occurs, the pathological process deepens, and the pain boundaries gradually increase.

If there are problems with the gastrointestinal tract, the pain is aching, usually the patient has a problem with bowel movements. In this situation, the pancreas is to blame.

If dysfunction occurs in this organ, problems arise in which an insufficient amount of enzymes is produced that are involved and needed in the digestion of food.

Due to the changes that have occurred, pain symptoms begin to appear. If the patient takes additional enzymes, these manifestations go away.

Pain from injury or injury has a completely different sensation. The pain that appears as a result of the injury is relieved immediately with the help of painkillers.

Pain caused by pathologies of internal organs must be stopped very carefully.

If the pain in the left side is of a pulling nature

With pain of this type, one can safely assume a purulent pathology of the organs in the small ace on the left side. This pain lasts a long time and is debilitating; the pain is of low intensity.

Pulling of the side on the left side, usually in men, if present inflammatory process in the scrotum. For sprained ligaments in the groin and strangulated hernia.

Increasing pain can occur with cancer.

If the disease has a severe pathology, there may be additional symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, fever, and enlarged lymph nodes.

If pain aching character cover the left side.

When visiting a gynecologist, women often complain that their lower left side hurts.

If it hurts in the lower left side, this happens when there is a disruption in the menstrual cycle, due to an inflammatory process in the female genital organs.

It can hurt during sex and with endometriosis. Pathologies of an inflammatory nature have mild pain and disappear with high temperature, weakened state and rapid fatigue.

Dull pain occurs if hemorrhoids are observed, or acute process expansion of the bladder.

Dull, aching pain can also occur when the lymph nodes on the left side are inflamed.

If your left side hurts and the pain is stabbing

With intestinal or kidney disease, it usually appears stabbing pain. Also, colic can be accompanied by throbbing pain when there is ulceration in the urethra, in the mucous membrane of the ureter.

Pain of a stabbing nature indicates the beginning of a process that contributes to rupture of the ovary.

With increased formation of gases, a painful sensation occurs, usually after defecation and urination the pain stops.

Why does the left side in the lower abdomen hurt due to sharp pain?

Sharp pain in the lower abdomen in the left side occurs with pathologies; spasms of organs in the pelvis occur from gases, which distend the intestines.

The pain may come from the impact on the pain nerve endings. Pain with pain in the side of the lower abdomen from pathology associated with inflammation or ruptures of the ovary, ligaments, from expansion in the renal pelvis or bladder.

Sometimes a pain symptom may not be the main symptom. But at the same time, pain will be accompanied by all serious illnesses internal organs.

In order to have a clear understanding of the causes of the disease, it is necessary to undergo diagnostics, thanks to which the causes of the disease can be identified.

If a temperature appears, this indicates a malfunction occurring in the body. This can be caused by various contagious infections that affect the pelvic organs.

Typically, the patient with these symptoms develops a fever. Both women and men can have an inflammatory process associated with internal organs in the pelvis. Peritonitis may develop.

In order to establish the real reasons painful condition you need to see a specialist.

Why does the left side in the lower abdomen pull?

1. This may be due to problems with blood circulation in the pelvis.
2. Due to dysfunction or abnormality in one of the organs.
3. When an inflammatory process occurs.

Pain in the left side of the lower abdomen, when it is combined with symptoms of a disease of the organ that is located on the same side, indicates a recent illness.

Pains remote from the pathological site and also referred pains appear when a person is ill with a chronic form and the disease process has already begun in large areas of the body.

Appearance painful sensation on the left side, what you need to pay attention to!

Both the right and left sides contain organs that are equally important for normal operation body. When aching pain appears on the left side, it means that there will be either loose stools or constipation.

This is always associated with a gastrointestinal disorder. There may be problems with the pancreas.

These symptoms may also indicate the following reasons:

• if there is an inflammatory process;
• the body has impaired blood circulation in the pelvic area;
• when the size and structure of one of the organs changes.

If you have pain in the lower left abdomen and the pain does not subside throughout the day, you should urgently consult a doctor.

Women who have abdominal pain at an appointment with a gynecologist find out that they have gynecological problems.

If you have left-sided pain, you should also consult a urologist, gastroenterologist, or surgeon. Almost all patients who have pain in the left lower abdomen are women.

Why may there be pain symptoms in the left side?

A discomforting state with a feeling of pain can accumulate in different places of the body. The pain may be in the lower abdomen, or gather under the rib.

Based on the location where the pain occurs, it is possible to determine organ disease or the beginning of the development of the inflammatory process.

Why does it hurt under the rib on the left? Pain under the rib, where the left side may be caused by a heart attack, stomach disease, diaphragmatic hernia, with rupture or enlargement of the spleen, pleurisy.

These symptoms may also occur when left-sided pneumonia when the pain was localized in the left lung in its lower part and with rheumatic lesions.

Such pain can be of different types.

1. Sluggish, aching pain occurs when inflammatory disease. This can be caused by duodenitis or colitis. If the patient has nausea and vomiting, we can talk about a stomach ulcer. The same signs may occur with ischemic disease or an attack of angina. This may also be a pre-infarction condition.
2. A feeling of sharp pain may occur when renal fever, perforation of an ulcer in the stomach. These symptoms are observed when the spleen ruptures. This is a very serious situation, call an ambulance immediately.
3. Pain of a diffuse and dull nature that continues long time, signals a disease of the gastrointestinal tract of an unhurried nature. This painful sensation occurs with gastritis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis.
4. In Crohn's disease (a chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract), all parts of the gastrointestinal tract are affected. Pain symptoms on the left are accompanied by fatigue, poor appetite, an attack of vomiting occurs, with stool disturbances.
5. With irritable bowel syndrome, there is increased pain on the left side, the patient complains of discomfort and bloating in the abdominal area. The manifestation of the disease is associated with exposure to stress. In this condition, loose stools and gas formation occur.

The left lower abdomen hurts for other reasons. This may occur from disease of the ureter or bladder, kidneys, uterine appendages or spleen.

These symptoms can also occur with problems in the cardiovascular system and heart.

In case of work-related violations endocrine system, with diabetes mellitus. These symptoms occur due to pathology in abdominal wall, for hernia, as well as for blood diseases.

For what reason may the left side in the lower abdomen still hurt?

If the left side hurts during or after eating, a feeling of heaviness appears, a characteristic aching pain is felt, while vomiting, nausea, heartburn are observed - these are pronounced symptoms of gastritis during its exacerbation.

Heartburn occurs when food enters the esophagus. In this case, the patient experiences a loss of strength, a constant state of drowsiness, and may be irritated.

There is a disturbance in the heart rhythm, and after eating, sweat may be released profusely.

If a patient complains of belching with a sour taste or has heartburn, this indicates perforated ulcer. This is very serious sign, in this situation it is necessary to urgently call an ambulance.

With a tumor in gastrointestinal tract constant pain appears. Pain occurs not only from eating.

When a person has no desire to eat and feels an aversion to meat products, he develops anemia, loses weight, and experiences a feeling of oversaturation from a small amount of food, a tumor can be assumed.

According to doctors, pain in the left part of the lower abdominal cavity is considered dangerous. This is especially true for women, since it is this side that is associated with the female organs.

A similar pain syndrome is typical for the following diseases:

• with slight pain in the lower abdomen, a disease associated with gynecology can be suspected;
• If the patient is in severe pain, she feels discomfort in the lower left abdomen and the pain covers the entire abdominal cavity. It can be assumed that the patient has inflammation of the fallopian tubes. With this disease, there are usually painful periods and heavy discharge from the vagina.
• with tolerable pain on the left side in the abdomen there may be various gynecological diseases. This may be endometriosis, acute adnexitis and other diseases. If there is severe pain with severe vomiting and fever, it may suggest ovarian rupture or torsion.
• spasmodic pain can occur in the lower abdominal cavity during menstruation or ovulation. These pains are not dangerous and will go away after your period ends. If they continue and unnatural discharge is observed from the genital organs, this may indicate infection of the genital organs and an inflammatory process.
• with an ectopic pregnancy, an attack of acute pain occurs in the lower abdomen, on the left side. The pain may move from the left side to the right. The painful sensation becomes stronger if the woman turns her body or walks.

If you suspect an ectopic pregnancy, immediately call an ambulance, as in this case there may be a rupture of the fallopian tubes, this carries serious danger for life.

Pain in the lower abdomen does not cause concern for many people. Many people think that it will go away on its own. An acute abdomen is always serious and sometimes such situations require urgent surgical intervention.

There are actually quite a lot of reasons why painful symptoms may appear on the left side of the lower abdominal cavity.

In order to determine the cause of the disease and the occurrence of pain, you need to consult a specialist.

This article is for informational purposes only and cannot replace consultation and examination with a doctor.

Useful video

Pain in the left lower abdomen is a signal of serious problems. From the first days of its appearance, it is necessary to monitor the frequency and intensity of pain in the lower left abdomen and, if inflammation is suspected in women, consult a specialist.

So why does the lower left abdomen hurt in women and what could be the causes of characteristic pain in the lower left side? Let's figure it out.

Symptoms

Pain in the left side of the lower abdomen in women may be a consequence of disturbances in the functioning of internal organs.

It is important to establish when it first appeared.

Prolonged pain in the left lower abdomen in women may indicate chronic form diseases.

According to the nature of the pain, they are divided into several types:

• spicy;
• pulling;
• aching.

They may be accompanied by fever, chills, bleeding, diarrhea and increase with pressure.

What causes pain?

If there is pain in the left side in the lower abdomen, this may indicate diseases of the kidneys, intestines and reproductive system among women. Only a specialist can make an accurate diagnosis.

The cause of pain in the left lower abdomen in women is determined by the nature of the pain syndrome. The patient should monitor the frequency, intensity, and type of pain.

Acute

Find out about the first signs early menopause in women and how you can cope with its unpleasant symptoms.

In what cases is self-treatment acceptable?

Menstrual pain can be treated at home. Medical intervention is not required if there are no severe pains or heavy discharge with blood clots.

There are several ways to reduce pain:

• limiting physical activity;
• rest in the fetal position;
• warm shower or bath with sea ​​salt for 10-15 minutes;
• compresses;
• light massage belly;
• refusal of dairy and meat products, fruits;
• painkillers (no-spa, spasmalgon, ketonal, ibuprofen);
• valerian tincture for nervous tension and overexcitement.

Intestinal upset can be neutralized through diet. It is better to start with fasting and refuse food for 1-2 days. The complete absence of irritating factors will relieve inflammation.

Over the next 2 weeks, you can eat foods from the white list. You need to eat often and in small portions. Upon completion of the diet, you can switch to regular food, but it is better to give up fried and spicy foods for another 1-2 weeks.

Black list of products if a woman has abdominal pain from the lower left:

• dairy products;
• bread;
• fatty and fried;
• alcoholic and carbonated drinks;
• coffee;
• seasonings, spices, salt, sugar;
• honey;
• fresh vegetables, fruits, berries;
• first broths.

White list

• mashed potatoes;
• porridge with water;
• boiled eggs;
• crackers;
• green and black tea;
• herbal decoctions;
• soups with a second broth;
• baked apples, pears;
• boiled chicken breast;
• fish.

When is a doctor's visit necessary?

The appearance of acute cutting pains indicates the presence of inflammation.

Increased temperature, fever, vomiting, loss of appetite, excessive menstrual discharge with dark clots, severe weakness and dizziness - reasons to call an ambulance.

If you suspect intestinal and gastrointestinal diseases need to see a therapist. He will give directions for examinations and tests.

If problems are detected, they are sent to a gastroenterologist, proctologist or surgeon, depending on the disease.

During pregnancy, you should be especially vigilant, as pain may indicate problems in the development of pregnancy.

If a pregnant woman has pain in the left lower abdomen, if possible it is better to contact an obstetrician-gynecologist with whom you are registered.

If a patient complains of pain in the lower abdomen upon treatment, in medicine this type of pain syndrome (according to its location) is called pelvic. Despite the fact that it can be felt both from behind and from the front, the cause is the organs and structures of the small pelvis experiencing pathologies, disruption of blood vessels, lymph nodes, bone damage and other anomalies in the functioning of systems located in the lower abdomen. Pain that occurs predominantly on the left, in the lower abdomen, or radiates to these areas, is characteristic of many acute and chronic painful processes occurring in this part of the body.

First, you should consider the exact localization, which will help differentiate the diseases that have become the organizers of pain.

So, pain on the left can be felt:

• on the front plane, under the line of the navel to the left of it;
• on the back left side, under the lumbar line;
• deeper down, near the reproductive organs;
• at the level of the middle of the abdomen, extending to the side;
• at the level of the left buttock, radiating to the thigh.

By the way. This pain syndrome is relevant for almost all patients diagnosed with gynecology, urology, physiological pathology in the pelvis, as well as all types of gastroenterology. The causes may also be diseases of orthopedic etiology and trauma.

Table. Pain in the left side below - differentiation by type of disease.

In life, every sixth person on earth experiences unpleasant or painful sensations in the left side from time to time. This is statistics that, however, do not give a complete picture, due to the fact that the range of causes that give rise to this type of pain is too wide.

Location of organs

To understand the initial parameters of pain, it is necessary to remember which organs and systems are located in the specified area or nearby.

1. - a single organ directly related to the immune apparatus. It is a blood storage facility that accumulates it according to the “depot” principle. If the spleen is removed, the patient will remain alive, the body’s work will continue, since the function of the organ will be taken over by the liver and lymph nodes.

   

   Anatomy of the spleen

2. Parts of the small intestine– fragments of its loops are located on the left. And if blockage, inflammation occurs in them, or another pathological process begins, pain occurs precisely to the left downward from the abdomen.

   

3. Parts of the colon, which, when inflamed or experiencing secretory dysfunction, also causes the indicated pain syndrome.

   

4. Colon in its left transverse part - also here. Its ascending-descending branch also passes here.
5. Left side of the genitourinary organs is located in the pelvis.
6. From the unpaired reproductive organs of a woman - left side of the uterus and birth canal.

   

7. Paired reproductive organs presented on the left in both women and men.
8. Also here is left kidney.
9. Orthopedic problems give rise to pelvic bones, cartilage fragments, lymph nodes and hip joint.

Formation of pain syndrome

Pain, as is known, is a complex process. It is capable of migrating or localizing at one point, starting from the source of pathology and in its absence. Pain can occur for the following reasons:

• the circulation of blood bodies at a local point is disrupted;
• metabolism in cell bodies is disrupted;
• inflammation has begun;
• tissue degeneration has occurred;
• degenerative changes have occurred;
• morphological damage occurs in the internal organs.

Based on the stages of onset and progression, pain can be divided into three stages.

1. Discomfort, unpleasant sensations in the primary focus.
2. Referred pain in the secondary focus.
3. Increase in pain impulse and pathological events.

Immediate causes of pain

The initial stage of the pathology that occurs on the left is pain plus other symptoms indicating a disease of the organ located in the area of ​​pain.

The first organ on the list of “candidates” causing pain is the spleen. It can be susceptible to various pathologies.

Leukemia

An oncological disease called lymphoma or myeloid leukemia. With it they are amazed hematopoietic systems and the organs included in them, in particular the spleen and liver. There are three stages, one of which is chronic. It is during this stage that pain is localized on the lower left. Associated symptoms include weight loss and fatigue, sweating and increased pain after eating.

Diagnosis on early stages carried out using ultrasound and blood sampling.

Heart attack

We are talking about a splenic infarction, which is expressed in blockage of small arteries located in the organ. Reason this phenomenon is a number of primary pathologies, including oncology, damage to blood vessels and infection. The disease is difficult to differentiate from the symptoms of the cause, since the key symptom is similar - left-sided pain from below. But first, sensations are born in the hypochondrium, and only then go down, intensifying as you inhale.

Causes and pathogenesis of splenic infarction

A heart attack is diagnosed instrumentally. The condition must be treated urgently, as significant blood loss is likely.

Volvulus

The spleen, like any organ, can be subject to various influences and injuries from the outside. It is for this reason that volvulus or twisting of this organ occurs. The phenomenon can be provoked by individual physiological characteristics. In this case, a sharp pain occurs in the left side from below, radiating to the left side of the groin. Accompanied by vomiting and bloating, the condition worsens quickly, so urgent medical intervention is necessary.

Inflammation

The spleen becomes inflamed, usually due to secondary process, which occurs after the onset of pathology of another organ, such as the liver. The pain is combined with fever and vomiting. Also, in addition to pain in the spleen on the left, other pains are observed that correspond to the symptom of the underlying disease.

Vomiting is one of the symptoms

Abscess

Purulent inflammation like an abscess in the spleen develops according to various reasons, mainly infectious in nature. If the abscess is small, the pathology does not cause severe pain, is easily treated and results in recovery in all cases. If there is a large abscess or several, severe pain occurs in the lower area of ​​the left side. If peritonitis begins, pus flows into the peritoneum, the temperature rises, and the state of health sharply worsens, accompanied by increased pain to the point of unbearable.

Extension

The spleen can expand for two reasons - the inflammatory process and dysfunction of the blood flow in portal vein. The pain begins under the left rib and migrates downwards. The character is dull, whining. An enlarged spleen due to its inflammation is clearly observed on ultrasound.

Cyst

These formations can originate in any organ. The spleen is no exception. A capsule with watery mucus inside most often forms after an abscess or as a result of a traumatic rupture of the spleen. If the cyst (there may be several) is small, there will be no significant pain. If the formation is large, it will begin to hurt on the left immediately when you press on the area of ​​the spleen. Attacks of pain may be felt during physical activity.

The small intestine zone includes the jejunum, duodenum and ileum. Its parts passing along the left side, when pathologies form in them, cause pain in the corresponding points.

Malabsorption

An acquired disease of the small intestine, in which the mucous membranes stop absorbing certain foods. Accompanied by pain, frequent bowel movements, diluted stools and distension of the intestines from gases. The location of the pain is the left side.

A disease of gluten intolerance, mainly observed in children (when starting complementary feeding from cereal porridges) and very rarely in adults. Symptoms of pain are similar to malabsorption, but the sensation is more of a pulling than a cramping sensation.

Here is located, in addition to the rectum, the colon, cecum and sigmoid. The ascending and descending parts of the colon are located on the left. The transverse part also goes to the left. Lesions of all fragments of the colon are usually associated with pain in the lower left side of the abdomen.

Irritation syndrome

This disease has no clear etiology. Women in the middle-age group are more often affected by it. Moreover, exacerbation and severe pain syndrome is observed during menstruation. The pain is chronic, accompanied by liquefied or hardened stools and gases.

Hirschsprung's pathology

The disease is hereditary and affects boys. Constipation is added to the pain on the left side. The intestines are swollen. The only treatment in this case is surgical removal fragments of intestine in which nerve endings are not formed. Only after this the pain is completely relieved.

Pathology Crohn's

Produces an inflammatory process in the gastrointestinal tract with the formation of nodules. When inflammation spreads to the descending zone of the colon, the left side begins to hurt. Vomiting with diarrhea is added. The etiology of the pathology has not yet been accurately established, so it is difficult to diagnose and is often mistaken for another disease.

UC

Abbreviation ulcerative colitis of a nonspecific nature is also full of guesses and hypotheses, since there is no etiology. First and foremost clinical manifestation of this pathology – abdominal pain on the left, in the lower part. It hurts in attacks; there is blood and purulent masses in the liquefied stool.

Diverticulosis

With this disease, diverticula, which are pathological pouches, form in the colon. Most elderly patients have them, and in addition to causing pain, they interfere with peristalsis and accumulate stones. The stool turns black and contains blood. It is treated surgically.

Polyps

Arising in colon, its lower segment, gives pain on the left. They are formed due to the fact that the processes of water absorption by the intestinal walls are disrupted. Dehydration may occur intestinal disorders accompanied by diarrhea, alternating with constipation.

Cancer

This is the general name for several cancers that can affect the large intestine area. Typically, pain originates on the side where the tumor formation is localized.

Genitourinary apparatus

The excretory systems, reproductive organs and both kidneys are involved and function in it. On the left is the left kidney and part of the unpaired organs, or one of the paired organs.

Hydroureteronephrosis

Expands when sick pelvis due to disturbances in the process of urine outflow. Disturbances are caused by stones. If they formed on the left, the pain will be there. During an exacerbation, there is sharp pain in the lower back, then the pain goes to the lower abdomen.

Allen-Masters Pathology

The syndrome is female, occurs after rupture of ligaments from difficult childbirth or as a result of abortion. The pain is sharp on the left side, the contractions are intensified by straining. The pain may become burning and radiate to the iliac region.

Also female pathology which develops on the ovaries, uterus or fallopian tube. If the development is on the left side, the corresponding side hurts. Adhesions begin this process increases pain, as well as the onset of menstruation.

Other pathologies

With disorders in the bones of the hip joint and other orthopedic causes, pain on the left side is observed much less frequently. The exception is targeted injury aimed specifically at bone joints located directly on the left side of the small pelvis.

Video - Why does the left side in the lower abdomen hurt?

Video - Pain in the left side of the lower abdomen (aching, sharp) in a man: causes, symptoms