What painkillers are there? Painkillers for joint and muscle pain. List of the best drugs, safe and strong painkillers and pills

The most common complaint from patients is pain. They can be anywhere - in bones, joints or muscles. Most often this happens to older people. But in the twenty-first century, pain as a symptom is “younger” and is increasingly found among young people.

Pain - natural reaction body. It is a kind of alarm signal about the state of health. It is sometimes extremely difficult to independently determine the cause of pain, which means it is better to immediately go to the doctor.

In this article we will talk in detail about the nature of pain and what effective pain-relieving injections are available to help quickly get rid of discomfort.

Pain is an extremely unpleasant sensation. Pain as a phenomenon cannot be limited only to the concepts of organic or functional impairment, which is located at the site of injury.

Pain affects not only the location of the lesion, but also the activity of the body as a whole. This is confirmed by numerous studies on the consequences of such discomfort.

Pain is an integrative function of the body, which is characterized by psychological and emotional changes. It is she who is responsible for mobilizing the body’s defense systems from the effects of negative factors.

There are two types of pain:

• acute;
• chronic.

Acute pain is a reaction to an external stimulus. The reaction manifests itself due to the delivery of an impulse through nerve channels to the brain. It is transmitted, and then, as it were, returns to the source of the lesion.

Acute pain appears due to damage in the form of fractures of any bone, muscle or ligament sprains, injuries, caries, as well as due to various diseases internal organs. As a rule, this type of pain is treated well with painkillers (analgesics).

Chronic pain is more complex, and the causes of its occurrence need to be carefully studied. As a rule, this type of pain indicates difficulties in treating an injury or disease. It always drags on for more than six months. There is a connection between chronic pain and serious diseases, such as:

• gout;
• rheumatism;
• malignant tumors.

They are all accompanied severe attacks, which are also drug resistant. Chronic pain- not only tissue damage, but also destruction of nerves and their connections.

Subtypes of pain

There are three subtypes of pain - nociceptive, neuropathic or dysfunctional. Each subtype of pain depends on the same thing - the nature of the damage.

Table No. 1. Subtypes of pain

Subspecies	Description
Nociceptive	The pain is localized in a specific place. The patient easily talks about the location of the source of the problems. The reaction appears when active actions or changing body position. The pain is inflammatory, ischemic or mechanical in nature.
Dysfunctional	It is similar to the nociceptive subtype of pain, but unlike it, it does not have a specific dislocation. The intensity, severity of the patient's pain and diagnostic data undergo constant changes.
Neuropathic	The patient cannot name the specific location of the discomfort, but the sensations are brighter and more intense than in other subtypes. High degree excitability to any stimulus. Examples of manifestation neuropathic pain– patient with diabetes, neuralgia, tunnel syndrome(carpal tunnel syndrome).

The causes of pain are as follows.

1. Bruise or blow. If after some time the pain becomes stronger, it is better to consult a doctor.
2. Damage to internal organs.
3. Development of pathologies in the body.
4. Muscle spasms.
5. Strained muscles or tendons
6. Opening of layers of skin.
7. Surgical operations or rehabilitation period.

In fact, there are a lot of reasons, so it’s better to first find out the reason and then take a painkiller. This is explained by the fact that sometimes medications can do no good, but only harm. In addition, you can take medications only after studying the diagnostic results and identifying the exact cause of the pain.

To assign the right medicine, the doctor must identify the specific type and subtype of pain, as well as its intensity. It's all about the characteristics of each species and subspecies. Various ways The occurrence of pain has a certain degree of susceptibility to specific substances.

Both types of pain cause a person to fall into deep depression. According to major international studies, three quarters of the entire population of the planet suffers not so much from chronic or acute pain, but from depression because of it. This is what arouses the interest of doctors in studying this phenomenon and finding a way to combat it.

Now we will tell you more about the drugs and consider separately one of their subtypes - painkillers.

About drugs

All sorts of things physical suffering leads to a person’s desire to get rid of it as soon as possible. For this reason, the patient’s course is a nearby pharmacy, where he looks for a medicine that can quickly and effectively relieve this kind of torment. But he faces the problem of a wide range of products. Today there are so many medications that sometimes it takes a lot of time to find the right one.

Medicines are mainly divided into two groups:

• non-narcotic;
• narcotic.

The latter include morphine and codeine. They are generally considered opioid drugs.

Narcotic types of drugs can be found in pharmacies under the following names:

• "Ethylmorphine";
• "Nabulfin";
• "Omnopon";
• "Morphilong";
• "Tramadol."

Medicines are most often produced in the following forms:

• tinctures;
• ointments;
• gels;
• solutions for injections;
• plasters.

The most convenient form for medications is tablets. Their advantages are the following:

• ease of use;
• no reactions from the body (no redness or itching);
• no need for syringes;
• It is not necessary to ask for help from qualified personnel (than when administering injections).

The anesthesia procedure is an obligatory part of the treatment. This is exactly how partial or complete cure from pain. Its implementation depends on the cause of the pain and its severity. If the cause is any disease, then pain relief during complex stages of the disease is vital. If the tablets are ineffective, injections are prescribed - intramuscular or intravenous.

So, in medicine there are many various types painkillers.

1. Muscle relaxants.
2. Analgesics.
3. B vitamins.

Let's look at each group in more detail.

Analgesics

Pain is a kind of response from the central and peripheral nervous system on the influence of an external stimulus, which is expressed through chain reaction. In it, the signal in the form of a nerve impulse reaches the brain, where it is processed and returned back. So the cycle repeats endlessly.

The simplest and most easily accessible way to solve the problem of pain is to interrupt this cycle. This is successfully dealt with by analgesics - medications whose purpose is to chemically interrupt the transmission of pain by dampening the nerve impulse.

• "Nefopam";
• "Analgin";
• "Oxadol".

In addition to them, another type of analgesics is also prescribed - non-opiate (i.e., not containing any narcotic substances). They are usually available without a prescription.

If the patient has severe pain that cannot be relieved with the above drugs, doctors prescribe painkillers that contain opioid analgesics or drugs that are of a mixed type.

pros

Analgesics have the following advantages.

1. Narrowly targeted effect of the drug. Their direct purpose is to relieve pain.
2. Fast pain relief process.
3. Minimum side effects associated with the gastrointestinal tract (when compared with NSAIDs).

Minuses

This group of drugs has the following disadvantages.

• In the process of eliminating pain, they do not in any way affect the root cause, which means that treatment of the locomotor system with analgesics is not possible.
• If you take analgesics with other medical supplies To eliminate the root causes of pain, the patient’s body is subjected to a serious drug load.

Important! Opioid analgesics should be strictly limited in dosage and number of doses per day. In addition, they need to be gradually withdrawn after the end of the course of treatment. If the interruption of taking this kind of analgesics is abrupt, complications will arise in the central nervous and cardiovascular systems.

Muscle relaxants

If the patient has diseases of the spine, then severe muscle tension - common condition, in which pain develops. But now it’s not about the tissues, but about the muscle fibers. Their overvoltage is the reason that the nerve transmits this kind of signal to the brain. In this case, the muscle fibers combine into one knot, compressing nerve root, which causes irrepressible pain.

For muscle pain, doctors recommend using muscle relaxants. They normalize muscle tone and relax them (not on an ongoing basis - on average from two to six hours). In addition, taking muscle relaxants allows you to achieve stability in the results of treatment and return to the previous level of muscle tone, in which they are not subject to overstrain.

Most often, doctors prescribe the following muscle relaxants:

• "Sirdalud";
• "Baclofen."

Advantages

U of this type medicines classified as complex drugs have their own advantages.

1. Complete relaxation of the body muscles.
2. The presence of a double effect - antispasmodic and analgesic.

If the patient has no contraindications to the use of muscle relaxants, the chance to reduce and/or completely eliminate the drug load during the treatment of diseases of the locomotor system, one of the symptoms of which is pain in the muscles of the back, lower back or neck, increases significantly.

Flaws

Muscle relaxants have the following disadvantages.

1. Muscle relaxants can be prescribed by a doctor only after a complete and preliminary examination. Previously, it’s not allowed.
2. The presence of a large number of contraindications and negative side effects.

Important! Self-medication with such medications is prohibited. It's all about knowing a certain dosage, which a person who decides to self-medicate often does not have. Without it, muscle relaxants cannot achieve the effect of an analgesic. Moreover, this ignorance leads to severe problems with the heart as well as the lungs.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

This group of medications is extremely effective in the form of tablets or painkillers. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are intended for complex treatment aimed at eliminating both the root cause and pain symptoms.

Active substances usually act directly on the source of pain. This is due to a chain of actions - elimination of inflammation leads to a reduction in swelling in the affected area, which in turn leads to the release of nerve fibers from pressure from soft tissues.

Doctors prescribe medications such as NSAIDs:

• "Pentalgin";
• "Ketanov";

They are often used to treat diseases of the locomotor system.

Advantages

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have the following benefits.

1. The dual action of NSAIDs is treatment and relief of symptoms.
2. The duration of treatment is significantly reduced.
3. The chances of a successful outcome of the course of treatment increase.

Flaws

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have the following disadvantages.

1. A large number of contraindications. Do not use for gastrointestinal diseases or blood disorders.
2. Accounting required individual characteristics the patient’s body, which will increase the initial effectiveness of drugs in this group and at the same time minimize the likelihood of complications.

Vitamins B (B1, B2, etc.)

In addition to NSAIDs, analgesics and muscle relaxants, people are increasingly using vitamin complexes in the treatment of back pain and other pain. They necessarily contain vitamins B1, B6 and B12. They are the ones who usually reduce pain. Of these three vitamins, vitamin B12 contributes the most to this.

But the question is different - why are these particular vitamins added to all vitamin complexes? It's all about recent research. Doctors have found that they are neurotropic vitamins, i.e. they are able to normalize the connection between nerves and muscles in the locomotor system. These vitamins directly or indirectly affect the following processes within the body:

• regulation of metabolism;
• creation and transmission of nerve impulses in the central or peripheral nervous system;
• metabolism of mediators.

They also help repair damaged nerves.

More than ninety percent of studies showed that these vitamins significantly reduced pain in acute forms diseases.

In addition to vitamins, the anesthetic lidocaine is added to the complexes. It is responsible for enhancing the analgesic effect.

Usage vitamin complex will only be useful if following cases:

• , neck, joints;
• alcoholic polyneuropathy;
• myasthenia gravis.

In chronic forms of diseases, these vitamins are no longer effective.

Video - Briefly about vitamin B12

Choice of pain medications

For chronic types of pain, the physician must first determine the underlying causes and nature of the pain (whether the pain is referred, neuropathic, or central). Only after this can he prescribe a suitable course of treatment with an anesthetic drug.

In case of acute pain, the doctor must determine possible risk appearance side effects on the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system. If there is no dyspepsia, then any non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are allowed to be used, but if there is, you should take Ibuprofen. You can also take Diclofenac, Naproxen, Nimesulide or Meloxicam as an alternative.

If you have heart problems, the patient should stop taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and turn their attention to opioid drugs, as well as paracetamol. If the risk is moderate, then the patient is prescribed Nimesulide, but on the condition that the blood pressure is at the normal level or can be brought to this level with the help of Amlodipine or any other drug to lower blood pressure.

At high probability the appearance of bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, the patient should take non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs together with inhibitors proton pump. Such inhibitors primarily include Omeprazole. It's all about the risk of bleeding when taking NSAIDs. In order to reduce or prevent it, their use is allowed only in combination with proton pump inhibitors.

With high probability simultaneous appearance complications associated with the cardiovascular system and gastrointestinal tract - the patient is required to take Nimesulide together with acetylsalicylic acid and the proton pump inhibitor Omeprazole.

If the pain subsides within a week, then treatment should be continued until the discomfort is completely relieved. When this does not happen, the patient should use muscle relaxants and local anesthetics.

Administration of corticosteroids ( hormonal drugs) is allowed only if it is confirmed that the patient has no signs of developing tuberculosis of the joints or spine.

Note! If the patient has very severe pain, but the drugs have no effect, then the problem is in the nature of the disease. In such a situation, there is usually a high probability non-infectious nature pain.

How to give an intramuscular injection correctly

When choosing a place to administer an injection, the following places are searched:

• where injections have already been given (there are seals there);
• hemangiomas;
• moles;
• prominent capillaries.

It is prohibited to inject into such places.

To make an intramuscular injection without harming yourself, you need produce the followingmanipulation.

1. Wash your hands with laundry or any other soap. This is important because your hands, and especially the area under your nails, are where the most germs accumulate. Girls who have long manicured nails need to wash the area under them with a special brush.
2. Prepare three cotton pads.
3. Moisten the first cotton pad with an antiseptic and wipe your hands as thoroughly as possible.
4. Take out the package containing the syringe. Open it. Be careful not to touch the needle during assembly.
5. Take an ampoule with injection solution. Using a second cotton pad, which is also moistened with an antiseptic, take the top of the ampoule and break it. You can do it differently - if you have a special file in the kit, use it to file down the top of the ampoule.
6. Remove the assembled syringe from the package. Remove the cap from the needle. Insert the needle into the ampoule itself (you must try not to touch the walls and bottom). In this way, draw up the medicine, and then get rid of the air inside the syringe by gently pressing the piston.
7. Take a third cotton pad. They need to clean the area where the injection will be given. The place can be marked in advance with iodine - this will make it easier to get where you need to go.
8. The hand needs to be pulled back, but not much. Then the injection is given.
9. At the end of the procedure, remove the needle from the injection site. Then take a cotton pad and press it harder to the needle insertion site. Hold for a minute.

Each time you need to change the injection site to avoid the formation of seals. It is recommended to paint the mesh with iodine - this way you can achieve disinfection and warm up the area.

It is worth noting a separate case in this instruction. If the medicine is in powder form, one additional step is required. In addition to the fact that the ampoule with the solution needs to be opened, the protective foil removed, and the cap disinfected, you need to add the medicine in powder form to the liquid and mix until smooth. Only after this can the resulting drug be injected into the syringe. Then proceed in accordance with the instructions.

Prevention

To prevent various types of pain in the back, lower back and other places associated with the musculoskeletal system, as well as to prevent pain in the internal organs, the following rules must be followed.

1. Correctly get up, stand, walk, sit and lie down.
2. Occupy correct posture when lifting and moving heavy objects.
3. Exercise vigorously.
4. Follow a strict diet and switch to a healthy diet.
5. Follow psychological state and do not give rise to negative emotions.

Results

If there is severe pain in the back, lower back or other places, the patient has many questions - how to treat, what to treat, what kind of injections to give? In this article you can see the answer to this question.

It is worth remembering all the time that the attitude towards treatment must be responsible, because it is not always possible to give injections for pain. You need to see a doctor so that he can prescribe the appropriate treatment.

Timely diagnosis and treatment, as well as the use of auxiliary methods, are the key to quickly getting rid of pain and discomfort.

We remind you once again that self-medication will not provide improvement, but may even more harm the onset of relief.

Remember! You need to treat the root cause, not the symptoms.

Pain is called discomfort, arising in the human body for various reasons (injuries, disruption of the functionality of internal organs, etc.). The purpose of pain is to send a signal about the destructive effect of an irritant that must be eliminated, or at least reduce its negative impact.

The occurrence of pain is explained irritation of nervous system receptors, which are divided into 2 categories:

1. Receptors located on the skin and mucous membranes and respond to mechanical displacement of tissues (stretches, injections, etc.).
2. Receptors located on the skin, internal organs and mucous membranes and responding to certain chemical substances, the concentration of which increases during various pathological processes. A large amount of such substances leads to increased pain.

There are several classifications of pain:

1. Due to the occurrence:

• Protopathic.

It appears due to the action of a non-damaging factor (temperature, touch).

• Epicritic.

Appears due to a damaging factor with precise localization.

2. By the nature of the manifestation:

• Spicy.

Characterized by short-term effects in the form of attacks.

• Chronic.

Long-term, constant pain.

3. By affected area:

• Superficial somatic.

It manifests itself in lesions of the skin, subcutaneous tissue and mucous membranes.

• Deep somatic.

Occurs when muscles and joints are damaged.

• Visceral.

Appears with damage to internal organs.

Types of painkillers

Pain can be eliminated or reduced with the help of medications - analgesics.

Painkillers are classified according to the degree of impact:

• General anesthesia (anesthesia).
• Local anesthesia(temporary pain relief for a small area).
• Regional anesthesia (disabling the sensitivity of a certain part of the patient’s body).
• Sedation (introduction to a peaceful, calm state in which the patient is relaxed, but can follow the doctor’s instructions during the medical procedure).

Induction of anesthesia may be necessary during surgical operations. The patient not only does not feel pain, but his muscles are quite relaxed, and no memories of the operation will remain in his memory.

Local anesthesia may be required for minor surgical or dental procedures. The anesthetic is administered in the form of injections in the area of ​​the area whose sensitivity needs to be turned off. A few minutes after administration of the drug it is completely blocked. pain syndrome operated area.

The principle of operation of the anesthetic during regional anesthesia is to turn off the sensitivity of the nerves responsible for certain part body (arm, leg, etc.). The analgesic effect lasts for several hours after surgery.

History of the discovery of anesthesia

Since ancient times, intoxicating substances have been used as the main method of pain relief. Hippocrates also invented inhalation anesthesia - inhaling vapors of opium, belladonna, and cannabis to create an analgesic effect. Then they began to rub the skin with Memphis stone, which caused local cooling, then cold water, ice, and stretching of the limb were used for these purposes. Of course, this did not provide good pain relief. And until the mid-19th century, they were unable to find a method of anesthesia that would not ultimately lead to suffering and death of the patient.

On October 16, 1846, the first operation was carried out under ether anesthesia: Surgeon John Warren at a Boston hospital removed a vascular tumor in the submandibular area for a patient. This type of anesthesia was also used for tooth extraction. Later, chloroform was used as an anesthetic, but it turned out to have increased toxicity. In 1853, syringes and needles were invented - this was a revolutionary discovery, because now it was possible to inject drugs into tissues.

After this, morphine was used as an anesthetic, then cocaine, which was used first during operations in otolaryngology and ophthalmology, and only then in surgery. It was later abandoned due to its high toxicity. We started using spinal, infiltration, and conduction anesthesia. In 1905, novocaine was synthesized, which is still actively used as an anesthetic.

The principle of action of painkillers

The principle of operation of modern ones is aimed at suppressing pain, and not at treating the disease, causing pain. Depending on the active substance, analgesics act either on the brain or on the peripheral nervous system, or produce a local analgesic effect.

Yes, painkillers central action block pain centers at different levels in the brain. Anesthetics peripheral action block the formation of substances that can stimulate pain centers, that is, they suppress pain sensations outside the brain. Action local anesthetics is aimed at preventing the passage of pain impulses from neuronal endings by blocking sodium channels.

Types of painkillers

The main classification division consists of distinguishing 2 groups of painkillers according to pharmacological characteristics:

1. Non-narcotic.
2. Narcotic.

The first group includes drugs that do not have an excessive effect on the nervous system. They are not addictive and also do not have sedative or hypnotic effect. These medications can eliminate inflammatory processes.

The second group includes drugs whose action is aimed at suppressing the functionality of the central nervous system. They change the nature of pain by affecting certain parts of the brain. Often such drugs cause a feeling of euphoria, and with prolonged use they become addictive. Prescribed mainly for serious illnesses cardiovascular system or oncology.

Separately, it is worth noting drugs - antispasmodics, which can eliminate attacks of spastic pain. This pain syndrome manifests itself due to spasms of the smooth muscles of the internal organs. Spasms can be caused by various chronic diseases, poor diet or other reasons. It is the use of antispasmodics that is most effective in this case, since the elimination of spasms will lead to the elimination of pain.

Painkillers - list of main ones

All painkillers are divided into groups depending on the active substances used:

1. Metamizole sodium.

Suppresses the activity of cyclooxygenase and prevents the spread of pain impulses. Indicated when different types pain (dental, intestinal, headache, from injuries, bites, burns, etc.). Not recommended for frequent use.

2. Pitophenone.

It is an antispasmodic and is often used with other painkillers, which together enhance the effect of each other. It is prescribed for both adults and children for fever, colic, headaches and other types of pain caused by muscle spasms.

3. Aceclofenac.

This is a derivative acetic acid. Belongs to the category of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Prevents the destruction of cartilage tissue.

Used for arthritis and joint pain.

Eliminates mild or moderate pain caused by various reasons.

Prescribed for arthritis and arthrosis, pain in the spine, as well as aid for infectious and inflammatory diseases.

Almost all substances that have an analgesic effect additionally have anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects.

List of the most powerful painkillers in tablets

There are several painkillers that fall into the category of potent drugs. These include prescription medications and over-the-counter medications.

Aertal

Active substance- Aceclofenac.

Compound- Microcrystalline cellulose, croscarmellose sodium, glyceryl palmitostearate, povidone.

Form

Indications- Rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis, osteoarthritis.

Contraindications- Ulcers in the gastrointestinal tract, hematopoietic disorders, liver and kidney diseases, children under 18 years of age, during pregnancy and lactation.

Dosage and Application- 100 mg twice a day with water.

Side effects- Rash, headache, dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract, liver and kidneys, leukopenia.

Release from pharmacies Prescription .

Nise

Active substance- Nimesulide.

Compound- Microcrystalline cellulose, calcium hydrogen phosphate, silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, sodium carboxymethyl starch, talc, corn starch.

Form- Biconvex tablets with a smooth surface.

Indications- Rheumatoid arthritis, inflammation of soft tissues, ligaments and tendons, spondyloarthritis, osteochondrosis, osteoarthritis, as well as for dental, headaches, postoperative pain.

Contraindications- Bronchial asthma, changes in the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, renal, heart and liver failure, hemophilia, children under 12 years of age, during pregnancy and lactation.

Dosage and Application- 1 tablet twice a day with water.

Side effects- Impaired functionality of the gastrointestinal tract and kidneys, itching, rash, dizziness, allergic reactions.

Release from pharmacies Prescription .

Movalis

Active substance- Meloxicam.

Compound- Sodium citrate dihydrate, silicon dioxide, microcrystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate, crospovidone, magnesium stearate.

Form- - these are round convex yellow tablets with a beveled edge.

Indications- Degenerative joint inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, spondylitis, osteoarthritis.

Contraindications- Bronchial asthma, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, kidney, heart and liver failure, children under 12 years of age, during pregnancy and lactation.

Dosage and Application- For adolescents: 0.25 mg/kg body weight. For adults: 7.5-15 mg/kg body weight depending on the disease. Take after meals with water.

Side effects- Disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and kidneys, changes in leukocyte formula, bronchial asthma, allergic manifestations, dizziness, conjunctivitis.

Release from pharmacies Prescription .

Nimesil

Active substance- Nimesulide.

Compound- Ketomacrogol, maltodextrin, sucrose, lemon acid, orange flavor.

Form- - light yellow powder.

Indications- For severe back pain, lower back pain, as well as during menstruation, sprains, injuries, toothache and osteoarthritis.

Contraindications- Fever, bronchial asthma, heart, kidney and liver failure, inflammatory processes in the intestines, blood clotting disorders, children under 12 years of age, during pregnancy and lactation.

Dosage and Application- 1 sachet twice a day orally after meals. Dissolve the powder in 100 ml of water.

Side effects- Anemia, thrombocytopenia, allergic manifestations, dizziness, tachycardia, shortness of breath, diarrhea, vomiting, nausea.

Release from pharmacies Prescription

Ibuklin

Active substance- Ibuprofen, paracetamol.

Compound- Microcrystalline cellulose, glycerol, silicon dioxide, starch, sodium carboxymethyl starch, magnesium stearate, talc.

Form- Tablets in an orange film coating.

Indications- Fever, neuralgia, pain in the back, joints and during menstruation, toothache, with bruises, dislocations and after operations.

Contraindications- Pathologies circulatory system and gastrointestinal tract organs, bronchial asthma, renal and liver failure, children under 12 years of age, 3rd trimester of pregnancy and during lactation.

Dosage and Application- For adults: 1 tablet three times a day. For children over 12 years old: 1 tablet twice a day. Take 2-3 hours after meals and drink water.

Side effects- Nausea, vomiting, headache, heartburn, pressure surges, anemia, shortness of breath, allergic reactions.

Release from pharmacies Over-the-counter .

Next

Active substance- Ibuprofen, paracetamol.

Compound- Calcium hydrogen phosphate, croscarmellose sodium, hyprolose, magnesium stearate, talc, silicon dioxide.

Form- Biconvex tablets oval shape with a red film shell.

Indications- Migraine, neuralgia, toothache, joint and back pain, fever, as well as bruises, fractures, sprains.

Contraindications- Kidney and liver failure, bronchial asthma, pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, children under 12 years of age, 3rd trimester of pregnancy.

Dosage and Application- For adults: 1 tablet three times a day. For children over 12 years old: 1 tablet twice a day.

Side effects- Tachycardia, dizziness, shortness of breath, vomiting, hearing or vision impairment, anemia, nausea, allergic reactions.

Release from pharmacies Over-the-counter .

Pentalgin

Active substance- Paracetamol, naproxen, drotaverine hydrochloride, pheniramine maleate, caffeine.

Compound- Microcrystalline cellulose, hyprolose, magnesium stearate, E321, croscarmellose sodium, starch.

Form- Film-coated tablets.

Indications- For a variety of pain, including those caused by cramps, as well as colds.

Contraindications- Tachycardia, pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, renal and liver failure, children under 18 years of age, pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Dosage and Application- 1 tablet 1-3 times a day. No more than 4 tablets per day.

Side effects- Allergic reactions, hearing loss, kidney dysfunction, headache, vomiting, nausea.

Release from pharmacies Over-the-counter .

Nurofen Express Forte

Active substance- Ibuprofen.

Compound- Potassium hydroxide, macrogol, water.

Form- Oval capsules with light pink liquid.

Indications- Headache and toothache, rheumatic pain syndrome, fever, neuralgia, migraine.

Contraindications- Bronchial asthma, renal, heart and liver failure, pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, hemophilia, children under 12 years of age, pregnancy (3rd trimester).

Dosage and Application - Maximum dose per day for children 12-17 years old - 800 mg, for adults - 1200 mg. Drink with water.

Side effects- Hematopoietic disorders, allergic reactions, abdominal pain, shortness of breath, nausea, changes in laboratory parameters during blood tests.

Release from pharmacies Over-the-counter .

!Contraindications for all medications are individual intolerance and increased sensitivity in relation to the components of the drug!

How to choose the right pain reliever?

Basics proper treatment consist of eliminating the cause of pain. Sometimes antispasmodics are enough to relieve pain. In some cases, taking painkillers may interfere with an accurate diagnosis, because abdominal pain, as well as headaches along with vomiting, are a sign of serious illness.

Most safe way– is to take a painkiller as prescribed by your doctor. But in case of unexpected and severe pain, they have the best effect combination drugs, in which, in addition to the active substance - a pain inhibitor, there are additional components that enhance its effect.

Despite the fact that most analgesics help against a wide variety of pain, a specific drug can be selected for each specific cause of pain. Before purchasing painkillers, it is recommended to carefully read the instructions.

Severe pain can be caused by a variety of reasons, ranging from migraine attacks to pathologies of organs, tissues or bones.

Manifestations of pain can be chronic (frequent) or paroxysmal. In any case, acute pain syndrome cannot be tolerated, as this negatively affects the physical and psychological health person. To relieve pain, analgesics are used - drugs that have an analgesic effect. The list of strong painkillers is impressive, because drugs are used depending on their targeted effect on the source of pain.

Types of analgesics

There are several groups of targeted analgesics, each of which relieves a specific type of pain.

Note!

Painkillers eliminate pain, but do not treat the cause that caused it!

The doctor must choose which medicine is best for each specific situation. After all, anyone potent drug has its contraindications, as well as side effects.

Despite the fact that several classifications of analgesics are used in pharmaceuticals, based on their effect on the body they are divided into 2 groups:

• Narcotic painkillers;
• Non-narcotic drugs.

The specificity of the action of narcotic drugs is aimed at targeted depression of the nervous system. The components included in the drugs affect the necessary parts of the brain and nervous system, changing the manifestations of the syndrome. The result of this effect is euphoria, which replaces pain.

Despite their high effectiveness, these drugs are dangerous because they are addictive and sometimes even addictive. Therefore, narcotic drugs can only be purchased with a doctor's prescription. They are prescribed for oncology, pathologies of the heart, blood vessels and other life-threatening diseases that are accompanied by excruciating pain.

Drugs that do not contain narcotic components represent a large group of drugs. They do not affect the central nervous system in any way and do not cause such unpleasant side effects as addiction, drowsiness, etc.

One of the important advantages of drugs in this group is their anti-inflammatory effect on the body, so they are often used in combination with other medications to treat many diseases.

Classification of non-narcotic drugs

Another classification of analgesics divides drugs into classes depending on the components included in their composition and the principle of their effect on the body.

From the above data it is clear that the list of painkillers is very large. To choose the right the right remedy, you need to be well versed in analgesics that are used for different manifestations of pain.

Headache relief

If manifestations of pain in the area are associated with overwork, prolonged stress or illness, use drugs that are low cost and are available in pharmacies without a prescription.

If we're talking about about migraine pain, then traditional analgesics will not help relieve the pain, so you need to take special means against migraine.

• Citramon.
  A product whose popularity has not waned for several decades. Having a very affordable price, the drug dilates blood vessels well, relieving spasms, thereby eliminating pain. The combination of caffeine and aspirin also eliminates inflammatory processes, and paracetamol has a slight antipyretic effect.

People who have poor clotting blood, ulcers and gout, taking the product is not recommended.

• Analgin.
  The main active ingredient is metamizole sodium. The medicine eliminates inflammatory processes and reduces and relieves pain. However, many doctors consider it outdated, since after taking it there are negative changes in blood circulation and

Patients with pathological changes and should not use it.

• Sumatriptan.
  A strong pain reliever that is prescribed for regular migraines. It has the form of tablets, which are coated with a film coating.

Considering that the medicine is prohibited for many categories of people, it can only be used after a doctor’s prescription. And if the dosage is incorrectly chosen, numerous side effects associated with nervous or respiratory system. Deviations in operation are also possible digestive tract, heart and blood vessels.

1. Analgesics with a combined composition have proven themselves to be effective in eliminating headaches. These include Pentalgin and Solpadeine.
2. Spasmodic manifestations of blood vessels are relieved by No-shpa and Bukospan.

Elimination of toothache

Just like other analgesics, these medications will only help relieve pain for a short period of time. Therefore, their use should not be long-term. But a visit to the dentist should be made as quickly as possible, since untreated teeth can lead to serious complications.

At acute attacks preference should be given to the following analgesics:

• Ketorolac.
  The drug has a strong analgesic effect. The effectiveness of pain relief is at least 8 hours. However, the drug has high toxicity, which long-term use the drug causes a negative reaction in the body.

If Ketorolac was taken immediately before visiting the doctor, anesthetics may be useless. Therefore, at the doctor’s appointment, you need to inform him about the pill you took.

• Nise.
  The main active ingredient is nimesulide, which is a representative NSAID groups. Copes well with inflammatory processes in periodontitis, as well as pulpitis.

Considering that the medicine is an NSAID, it should not be taken by persons with work impairments gastrointestinal tract, at liver failure, as well as during pregnancy and lactation.

It has large list adverse reactions of the body.

• Analgin or Spazmalgon can temporarily eliminate toothache of moderate intensity.

Postoperative pain and cancer

In the above examples, pain syndrome is eliminated with appropriate treatment, that is, elimination of the disease that caused it.

However, in oncology, pain haunts the patient throughout the entire course of therapy, so its relief is one of the components of treatment.

To eliminate pain symptoms, a special scheme is used, which consists of 3 steps.

• Stage 1.

The patient is taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (we provided a list of the most popular drugs in this group above).

• Stage 2.

If these drugs are not effective enough, weak opiates are started. These include the following drugs:

• Oxycodone;
• Diphenhydramine;
• Hydrocodone;
• Promedol;
• Codeine.

At this stage it is possible to use funds combined composition, the components of which are narcotic drugs.

• Stage 3.

If the influence of this group of drugs was unsuccessful, proceed to the third stage of using painkillers and use true opiates. These include the following medications:

• Trimeperidone;
• Bupronal;
• Sufentanil;
• Duragesic;
• Piritramide;
• Morphine.

Elimination of postoperative pain, as with cancer, begins with NSAIDs. When complications arise, analgesics containing opium are used. However, their use should not exceed three days.

Important Information

Pain syndrome manifests itself with any pathological changes in the body: with diseases of the joints and musculoskeletal system, and inflammatory processes of the internal organs. Despite the large list of analgesics, they cannot be taken constantly and uncontrollably: in this case, consultation with a specialist is necessary.

The doctor based on the clinical picture and laboratory research will be able not only to choose the most effective medicine, but adjust the dosage correctly.

Improper use of drugs will aggravate the development of the underlying disease, and numerous side effects will cause irreparable harm to health.

In everyday life, pain can take you by surprise and disrupt all plans; for such cases, it is convenient to have painkillers with you. But many patients cannot afford expensive drugs from well-known manufacturers. What should I do? In pharmacies you can find cheaper drugs with similar pharmacological effects. Exist different shapes release of these drugs: tablets, capsules, ointments, solutions for injections. Analgesics in tablet form are the most popular dosage form. This article will discuss the cheapest painkillers of all forms.

It is better to buy painkillers in large pharmacy chains. Many people order analgesics through specialized online pharmacies. Due to the high proportion counterfeit medicines, this should be done in online stores with a good reputation. Below are the most popular and effective medications from this class of drugs.

Ibuprofen (analogues: Nurofen, Mig)

The active substance in Ibuprofen tablets slows down the synthesis of prostaglandins, pain mediators. Thanks to this, the drug has the following effects:

• lowers body temperature;
• reduces symptoms of inflammation;
• reduces pain.

Ibuprofen is suitable for treatment inflammatory diseases, is especially successful in helping with joint pain. Side effects are very rare, but the drug can damage the lining of the stomach and kidneys with long-term use. Medicine can be given to children. Also available in the form of an ointment, which is effective for inflammation of bone and muscle tissue.

Paracetamol (analogues: Panadol, Efferalgan)

A weak and widespread analgesic that has a pronounced antipyretic effect. Together with Ibuprofen and Aspirin, the drug is included in the list of the most important medications WHO. It works well for headaches, toothaches, neuralgia, muscle pain, pain from injuries, burns. Can be given to children. The drug has low toxicity and side effects are very rare. In cases of overdose, destructive effects on the liver are possible.

Attention! You should not use such drugs before meals. This leads to the appearance cutting pain in the stomach, and with regular abuse – to erosive gastritis.

Analgin (analogue of Baralgin)

This inexpensive analgesic has been withdrawn from sale in many countries because it negatively affects the liver, kidneys and causes blood diseases. Despite the significant disadvantages, Analgin tablets act quite quickly and effectively, but they should be used very carefully if there are no other options.

Attention! Regular use of Analgin has a negative effect on health, maximum duration safe reception- 3 days.

Aspirin (analogs: Thrombo Ass, Acetylsalicylic acid)

Very famous drug, not only reduces pain, but also reduces temperature. It has a pronounced anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect, and is especially effective against headaches. There is a list of contraindications to the drug:

• tendency to bleed;
• hypersensitivity to the components in the composition;
• metabolic disorders;
• anticoagulant therapy.

Many people take Aspirin tablets without consulting a doctor, which leads to serious consequences. Uncontrolled use this drug may lead to the formation peptic ulcer stomach and the development of internal bleeding.

No-shpa (analogues – Drotaverine, Spasmonet)

The drug belongs to the group of myotropic antispasmodics. It is used for pain in the stomach, intestines, organs of the urinary system, headaches and menstrual pain. The drug is safe side effects worth highlighting:

• dizziness;
• feeling of heat;
• heartbeat;
• hyperhidrosis;
• reduced level blood pressure;
• allergy.

No-shpa should not be taken by children under 7 years of age and nursing mothers. The drug is contraindicated in severe heart failure, liver and kidney dysfunction.

Preparations for local treatment

Analgesics for external therapy effectively help with side pain musculoskeletal system. Local impact on the source of pain promotes rapid development pharmacological effect. Most often, patients use ointments and gels for external therapy.

Diclofenac (analogue – Ortofen)

The drug reduces joint pain, swelling, stiffness and reduces inflammatory process. Gel and ointment contain the same concentration of active ingredient, but the gel is absorbed very quickly and does not stain clothes. Diclofenac accumulates in the skin, penetrates deeper into the tissues and is excreted in the urine. The ointment is used to treat inflamed muscle tissue, tendons, and joints. An effective remedy for relieving pain resulting from traumatic injury or diseases of the musculoskeletal system.

Bystrumgel (analogues – Ketoprofen, Ketonal)

The ointment eliminates pain, stiffness, and swelling. Used for osteochondrosis and other diseases of the spine caused by injuries, a sedentary lifestyle or disproportionate physical activity. This product is also suitable for emergency assistance, because it relieves pain instantly. Pain that occurs due to hereditary diseases of the musculoskeletal system is easily relieved by applying Bystrumgel. The ointment is slowly absorbed into the skin, so it acts for a long time.

Butadion

The ointment reduces pain and relieves symptoms of inflammation. Recommended for arthritis, radiculitis, osteoarthritis, after bruises, sprains and other injuries. Cannot be used by pregnant women and children under 14 years of age. The ointment should not be applied to wounds or abrasions; after applying it, you should wash your hands thoroughly.

Painkillers are essential and are found in every home medicine cabinet. Doctors divide pain into 2 categories:

1. Acute – occurs spontaneously and does not last long. It does not spare people with broken bones, injuries to internal organs, sprains, caries, etc. Analgesics cope well with severe acute ailments.
2. Chronic – lasts longer than six months and is caused by some disease. Debilitating attacks occur with rheumatism, osteoarthritis, gout, and malignant tumors.

Tablet analgesics should be used with caution. It is important not to take pills on your own, but to choose the right painkillers, type of use and dosage with the help of a doctor.

This also applies to making a diagnosis. Taking medications for pain in the abdomen, heart, or head can make it difficult to identify the disease. Analgesics do not cure the disease, but only eliminate an unpleasant symptom. First of all, you need to find the reason.

The most common, inexpensive and best painkillers are Aspirin and Analgin. They head Russian ratings thanks to the good effect, wide range actions and are issued without prescriptions.

How does pain medication work?

Before you understand the principle of operation and the mechanism of action of drugs, you need to understand the sequence of pain. This is a reaction to a pathological process that does not affect nerve tissue. The following happens:

1. From the affected area, impulses travel to the brain.
2. In damaged areas, substances are synthesized that stimulate nerve fibers and increase discomfort.
3. If the pathological process affects the muscles, a spasm occurs.

This is how the pills find the area that needs to be numbed. Almost all remedies for pain do not eliminate its causes, but only relieve this symptom. Here's how common medications work:

1. Analgesics. They block the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of prostaglandins. This reduces stimulation of nerve fibers and reduces the conduction of pain impulses. Analgesics also increase the threshold of sensitivity in the thalamus. This leads to an improvement in dental, joint, and headaches.
2. Antispasmodics. Used for spasms caused by decreased smooth muscle tone. Affects the sympathetic nervous system. Effective for menstrual, ulcerative, renal, intestinal ailments. This is the difference between analgesics and antispasmodics.
3. Against migraines. Special group medications that act on the main component of headaches. Reduces nerve sensitivity and neurogenic inflammation.

Classification (types) of painkillers

Analgesics come in two groups:

1. Narcotic. Tablets and other forms act by suppressing the central nervous system. Active substances are designed to influence the perception of pain by affecting parts of the brain and central nervous system. This leads to an improvement in the patient's condition and even a feeling of euphoria. They cause addiction, so they are used only as prescribed by a doctor.
2. Non-narcotic. A broad category of drugs that do not affect the central nervous system. Painkillers are common because they do not cause addiction, sedative or hypnotic effects, unlike the first group. In addition, some medications have an anti-inflammatory effect. They are included in treatment regimens for many pathological conditions.

Depending on the principle of action and composition, analgesics are divided into the following subgroups:

• regular painkillers. Pyrozolones and preparations based on their combinations: Tempalgin, Analgin, Spazmolgon;
• combined means. They include several active substances at once (usually caffeine, paracetamol and other synthetic components). In addition to eliminating pain, they are designed to act on heat, inflammation and spasms: Ibuklin, Pentalgin, Trigan, Caffetin;
• antimigraine drugs. Conventional analgesics are not able to relieve pain caused by migraine attacks. Invented for this purpose special medications that have a vasodilator and antispasmodic effect: Frovatriptan, Relpax, Sumatriptan;
• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Relieves pain and fever. Indicated for pathologies accompanied by discomfort, colds, varicose veins: Ibuprofen, Ketanov, Nalgesin (blue tablets), Dolomin;
• COX-2 inhibitors. These are NSAIDs, allocated to a separate group, since, unlike the first, they do not affect the gastrointestinal mucosa: Omeprazole, Perecoxib, Etoricoxib. There is no difference in the principle of action with NSAIDs;
• antispasmodics. Dilate blood vessels and relax smooth muscles. Representatives: No-shpa, Drotaverin, Nomigren;
• narcotic analgesics. Potent drugs that the doctor prescribes for severe syndrome. They inhibit the transmission of nerve impulses, eliminate the emotional perception of pain, leading to a state of comfort and euphoria. These are medications based on the drugs morphine, with codeine and fentanyl.

Cheap (inexpensive) painkillers

And also caused chronic illness. A person tries to find a good, inexpensive painkiller. Here is a top list of common cheap and effective drugs.

Analgin

A popular helper for ailments of various origins. Active substance– metamizole sodium. The action is to partially block nerve impulses and suppress pain centers.

Additionally, it has an antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effect, therefore it is indicated for conditions accompanied by an increase in temperature.

Analgin is an inexpensive and accessible, but dangerous pain reliever. Today it is considered obsolete, as it has been replaced by modern analogues.

The medicine has a negative effect on the process of hematopoiesis and is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding, and for children under 3 months. It is recommended to use for pain relief only in adult patients.

It is not advisable to take if you have kidney disease or an addiction to alcohol. Adverse reactions such as allergies and hypotensive effects have been noted.

In Russia, Analgin tablets can be packaged in blue and are sold in the form of a suspension (liquid preparation) and ampoules for intramuscular administration.

The most famous analogue of Analgin is the green painkillers Tempalgin. The antidepressant Amitriptyline works well for headaches.

Aspirin

Acetylsalicylic acid is one of the most known drugs in the world. the main objective reception – decrease in temperature. However, it has a pronounced analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect, eliminates joint and muscle pain caused by fever.

Included in the treatment regimen for coronary disease together with drugs with lipid-lowering effects and ACE inhibitors, nootropic drugs (Lira, etc.) to prevent the development of stroke and myocardial infarction.

English equivalent acetylsalicylic acid is a generic Aspirin. It is contraindicated under 15 years of age, during pregnancy and lactation. It is prescribed with caution to people with liver or kidney dysfunction.

As an analgesic, it should not be taken for more than 7 days, and the maximum daily dose makes 6 tablets (3 g).

Side effects of the medication include nausea and vomiting, stomach pain, tinnitus, dizziness, and the risk of bleeding. In most cases, these effects develop when the dose is exceeded.

American and German Aspirin is available in the form of soluble effervescent tablets.

Paracetamol

The least safe painkiller, which has virtually no side effects and does not spoil the stomach.

Paracetamol in capsules and tablets is prescribed to children and adults with elevated body temperature. It acts gently and gradually. Allowed during pregnancy.

In case of overdose, it negatively affects the liver. Therefore, it is not recommended to deviate from the instructions for use. It has a weak analgesic effect compared to other drugs.

Based on paracetamol and components plant origin make chinese pills"Fish" Look at the pictures to see what they look like. They also produce application analgesic patches.

Israel, based on paracetamol, produces the combined analgesic Dexamol, used for colds, toothaches and headaches.

No-shpa

An effective drug based on drotaverine, prescribed for ailments caused by spasms of smooth muscles, including menstruation.

Small yellow tablets in red packaging help with pathologies of the intestines and stomach, urinary system and other conditions accompanied by spastic pain syndrome.

Used when there is a threat of miscarriage, during childbirth with uterine spasm and prolonged opening of the throat.

Contraindicated for children under 6 years of age. Has virtually no side effects. Nausea, decreased blood pressure, allergies, and rapid heartbeat were rarely observed.

You can replace No-Shpa with spasms of smooth muscles with the drug Spazmolgon, or Indian Combispasm.

Ketanov

A strong pain reliever, used for traumatic, oncological, postoperative, and dental pain.

Effective for moderate to severe syndrome, but not intended for long-term use. The dosage must be strictly observed and used no more than 2 days in a row.

Side effects may include nausea, abdominal pain, drowsiness, weakness, nervousness, tachycardia.

Contraindicated under 16 years of age, during pregnancy and lactation, with peptic ulcer disease, renal failure, and bleeding disorders.

Nurofen

A medicine based on ibuprofen without analgin. Available in the form of tablets, gel, suspension, suppositories. It has a pronounced analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic effect. Effective for colds, dental, headache, joint and muscle pain.

It is not recommended to combine Nurofen with Aspirin, Analgin, Paracetamol. Contraindicated in children under 6 years of age, women in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy, lactating women, patients with ulcerative lesions Gastrointestinal tract, liver dysfunction, renal failure.

In case of therapy for longer than 3 days, side effects may occur: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hypotension, weakness, tachycardia, insomnia.

The strongest Nurofen for oncology is used strictly under the supervision of a doctor. It costs expensive. You can replace it in a pink shell.

Diclofenac

An effective remedy for arthralgia and myalgia, produced in the form of tablets, solution, gel. It is actively used for injuries and wounds, diseases of the musculoskeletal system.

In addition to the analgesic effect, it relieves inflammation and swelling in the affected area. Used in children over 6 years of age and adults. It is not prescribed for lactating women and pregnant women in the 3rd trimester. In gel form it is contraindicated for cuts.

Side effects include rare allergic reactions. It is not recommended to use for more than 7 days in a row.

Took

The medicine is prescribed for neuralgia, biliary, intestinal, renal colic, colitis, menstrual syndrome, during periods after operations. In addition to analgesic, it has a pronounced antispasmodic effect.

Available in the form of tablets and liquid for injection. First dosage form used in children over 5 years of age and adults. The solution is allowed for patients from 3 months of age, provided their weight is more than 5 kg.

Bral is contraindicated for breastfeeding and pregnant women; it is used with caution in cases of impaired liver and kidney function.

Side effects include hypotension, allergies, and dry mouth. These phenomena are predominantly associated with overdose.

Mig 400

An effective NSAID pain reliever based on ibuprofen without paracetamol. Effective for inflammatory syndromes, including joint pain for older people, muscles, oral cavity, headaches and menstrual pain, feverish conditions.

Contraindicated for children under 12 years of age, for pregnant and lactating women, and for erosive and ulcerative pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract. It is prescribed with caution to elderly patients, with dysfunction of the liver, kidneys, and blood diseases. If you fall into the listed group, look for other medications without Ibuprofen.

If the recommended dose is violated, the medication can cause abdominal pain, dizziness, shortness of breath, weakness, anxiety, hypertension, allergies, and lack of appetite. Not intended for long-term therapy.

Tramal

A powerful narcotic analgesic, available from pharmacies with a prescription. Used for oncology, trauma, after spinal surgery and diagnostic procedures.

The list of side effects is standard: nausea and vomiting, allergies, drowsiness. They develop mainly during an overdose. Treatment: taking adsorbents and antihistamines.

The drug is contraindicated in conditions associated with depression of the central nervous system and respiratory function, drug withdrawal syndrome, liver or kidney dysfunction.

Cannot be prescribed in childhood, during pregnancy and breastfeeding - only for health reasons.

Prices for painkillers

How much drugs cost, what they are and what they are called, see the table:

Painkillers in ampoules

There are analgesics in the form of injection solutions that are used for acute pain for the purpose of softening and relief after injuries, operations, joint diseases (bursitis, etc.) and in other cases. The most common drugs in ampoules:

Analgin

Effective for pain of mild to moderate intensity. It is administered intramuscularly or intravenously. The liquid form is often used as a military drug and a fast-acting pain reliever.

Not used in children under 3 months, with kidney pathologies, suppression of hematopoiesis, anemia, leukopenia, pregnancy and lactation. Prescribed with caution to patients who abuse alcohol.

Diclofenac

A common remedy that can quickly relieve pain associated with arthritis or inflammation of muscle tissue.

It should be taken with caution by people suffering from pathologies of the liver, kidneys, and stomach. The course of treatment is no more than 5 days.

Contraindicated for young children, pregnant and lactating women, people with chronic cholecystitis or stomach ulcers.

Betamethosone

Used for hernias strong remedy, promoting almost instantaneous elimination of the source of inflammation.

The drug eliminates allergies. Prohibited for skin tuberculosis and infections of various origins.

Ketonal

An excellent anti-inflammatory drug that is used to relieve pain and fever. The active substance ketaprofen does not have a negative effect on articular cartilage, so it is often prescribed for injuries to the back muscles, myalgia, radiculitis, reactive and rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis.

Elderly people should undergo treatment with caution.

Ketorol

Effective in postoperative period to relieve pain. Active ingredient ketorolac quickly eliminates the exacerbation.

Contraindicated in people with hypersensitivity, bronchial asthma, allergies to aspirin, bleeding, kidney and liver pathologies. Intended for short-term use. Is Pentalgin or Ketorol stronger? Better than Pentalgin.

Continuation of the list

Pain relief after surgery is available with Nimesil (in powder). See photo. If you are intolerant, it is better to find a drug without aspirin.

The list of medications can go on for a long time. For example:

• One of the most modern and effective remedies is Denebol or Refekoxide. The principle is to suppress the synthesis of the inflammatory process. A harmless pain reliever that does not affect the liver and is gentle on the stomach, has a prolonged effect;
• Hydrocortisone is an excellent antiallergic and antiphlogistic agent intended to be implanted into joints. No more than 3 injections per day are given, followed by a three-week break. Hydrocortisone analogue – Prednisolone;
• Diamorphine - used in terminally ill patients who need relief from suffering;
• Tramal is a narcotic analgesic that is quickly absorbed into the blood, therefore quickly relieving pain;
• as anesthesia in dentistry and during cosmetic procedures(for example, biorevitalization), Ultracain, Ubistezin, Scandonest are used;
• Citramon – easy remedy against headaches. Made with herbs.

Painkillers for muscle pain

Myalgia is a consequence of heavy loads, deformations, injuries, and inflammatory processes due to decreased immunity. Discomfort occurs when pressing or moving. Both one and a group of tissues are affected.

For muscle pain, drugs of the NSAID category and non-narcotic analgesics are used:

Indomethacin

A popular drug-free medication that reduces tissue swelling, relieves pain and eliminates morning stiffness. Recommended for inflammatory processes in joints and muscles, problems with the spine.

The dosage of tablets is prescribed by the doctor, the frequency of administration is 2 times a day. Indomethacin has many contraindications and an impressive list of side effects, so it must be used with caution. Costs 50-100 rubles.

Naproxen

A caffeine-free drug based on naphthyl propinic acid, it has a pronounced antipyretic and analgesic effect. Eliminates tissue inflammation, is used for muscle pain in the spine, arthralgia, neuralgia.

The product has few contraindications and is better tolerated than other NSAIDs. The price of the drug is from 180 rubles.

Texamen

A medicine with a powerful analgesic effect. Quickly stops the inflammatory process in the body, thereby alleviating the patient's condition. Used for ailments of muscles and joints.

The list of side effects and contraindications is similar to other NSAID drugs. Cost – 250 rub.

Diclofenac

Tablets are indicated for muscle and joint pain. Relieves inflammation, swelling, relieves morning stiffness, improve mobility. One of the most effective and powerful, safe and inexpensive medicines in the world.

At severe ailments You can give intramuscular injections of Diclofenac, since the drug is available in ampoules and injections.

It has few side effects and should not be used in childhood, pregnancy, lactation, kidney or liver diseases. Price – 15-45 rubles.

In addition to NSAIDs, the doctor may recommend oxicams to relieve muscle pain: Meloxicam, Piroxicam - drugs without side effects and effects, suitable for older people.

In practice, painkillers based on nimesulide and celecoxib (Nimid, analgesic Nise) or strong drugs with a long action (Ketanov, Ketorolac) are used.

IN severe cases strong narcotic analgesics are prescribed, for example, Tramadol or Tramal.

Painkillers for bruises and injuries

With severe tissue ruptures and bone fractures, a person develops sharp pain at a certain point, which is accompanied by swelling and hemorrhage, a change in the shape and mobility of a limb or other part of the body.

To eliminate such pain, powerful narcotic analgesics are used. Even though they have mass negative effects, but they quickly help in these cases.

Promedol

Trimeperidine-based opioid analgesic. Excites opiate receptors and activates the antinociceptive system. Changes the emotional perception of pain and increases the threshold of sensitivity.

Not used for conditions accompanied by respiratory depression.

Fentanyl

A synthetic analgesic that has a rapid and short-term effect. The effect is stronger than Morphine.

The drug depresses the respiratory and vasomotor centers and stimulates segments of the vagus nerve. Promotes the onset of physiological sleep, causes euphoria.

Nalbuphine

Indicated for patients with moderate and high pain syndrome of various origins. It is often prescribed in the early postoperative period, as well as in severe conditions (gangrene, oncology). Has an effect comparable to the use of Morphine.

Nalbuphine inhibits the respiratory center and gastric motility to a lesser extent than phenylamine, so its tolerability is better.

Conclusion

Narcotic analgesics are taken in the hospital, since these medications require accounting and write-off. They are used in especially severe cases: multiple fractures and numerous soft tissue bruises. Calcium supplements are prescribed in combination.

Let the doctor decide which painkiller is best. For minor damage, use:

• Ibuprofen;
• Analgin;
• Nise;
• Ketanov;
• Baralgin;
• Indomethacin, etc.

They help relieve pain in the minor and medium degree gravity. Antibiotics (Doxycycline) are indicated to prevent infection.