home Analyzes Overdose of vasoconstrictor drops in children. Overdose in the nose. How they poison children with cold drops...

Overdose of vasoconstrictor drops in children. Overdose in the nose. How they poison children with cold drops...

Today, my nephew had something similar to seizures, like epilepsy. My sister and I talked for a long time with the doctor and realized that one of the things that could have caused this was precisely those same notorious nasal drops. Trying to protect my nephew from sinusitis, my sister overdid it with vasoconstrictor drops. Now, having rummaged through the Internet, I found this article... Maybe someone will be interested, but mainly a note for myself, so as not to repeat her mistakes...

Nasal drops that quickly relieve swelling and restore nasal breathing contain a drug from the group of so-called alpha-2-adrenergic agonists. They constrict the blood vessels of the mucous membrane of the nasal passages and reduce the production of inflammatory serous or mucous secretions. But these substances are easily absorbed into the blood. And then, together with what you want local action their expressed side effect with all my heart vascular system. The worst thing is that they affect the brain in such a way that they reduce blood pressure until the development of hypotonic shock. Think about it: simply putting drops into your nose can cause severe poisoning!

For whom are vasoconstrictor nasal drops most dangerous?

How younger child, the less the dose of adrenomimetic is required for the baby to need emergency help. That's why The most vulnerable age is children from one to two years old(about half of all cases). Second place in frequency serious complications occupied by infants up to one year old and children from 2 to 3 years old.

How does hypotonic shock manifest in children?

A stuffy nose causes a lot of trouble for a child. He cannot breathe normally, and therefore is capricious during meals and games, during nap and often wakes up crying at night. It would seem that there is nothing unusual in the fact that after an adrenergic agonist is instilled into the nose, the baby stops snoring and quickly falls asleep. Because first signs of decline blood pressure– drowsiness and lethargy- in case of poisoning, as a rule, parents skip it. According to statistics, the most common complaint when seeking help is “the child does not wake up” or “it was difficult to wake up, but falls asleep again.”

How large quantity vasoconstrictor drops into the nose are absorbed into the systemic bloodstream, the more pronounced will be the general pallor of the skin, blueness around the mouth, sweating, and coldness of the extremities. In children, breathing becomes rare and barely noticeable to the eye, as if they are not breathing at all. The body is relaxed, any movement is difficult for them. In severe cases it may develop epileptic seizure or cerebral coma.

What are the dangers of nasal drops during pregnancy?

A nasal spray with an adrenergic agonist narrows not only the superficial vessels of the nasal mucosa. To a lesser extent, but certainly, the lumen of the vessels feeding the placenta is spasmed. As a result, it becomes easier for the mother to breathe briefly, while the baby experiences a lack of oxygen at this time.

Which vasoconstrictor drops are most dangerous?

Naphazoline. It is part of drugs called Naphazolin ferein, Naphthyzin, Opkon-A, Sanorin, Sanorin with eucalyptus oil .
Xylometazoline. These are Brizolin, Galazolin, Grippostad Rino, Dlynos, Doctor Theiss Nazolin and Rinotais, Influrin, Xylene, Xylobene, Ximelin, Nosolin, Olint, Rizaxil, Rinomaris, Rinostop, Suprima-NOZ, Tizin xylo.
Oxymetazoline. These are 4-Wey, Afrin, Nazivin, Nazol and Nazol Advance, Nazosprey, Nesopin, Noxprey, Fazin, Fervex spray for the common cold.

When nasal drops cause poisoning in a child

The main reason is an overdose of the drug. When this happens:

a solution containing a higher concentration of adrenergic agonists is used than is allowed at a certain age. Common mistake– spray “adult” drops into the baby’s nose;
the drug is used with the correct pediatric dosage, but in a very large volume. For example, after instilling drops from the nose, mucus is removed and the medicinal spray is immediately reused;
the medicine is used more often than recommended in the instructions for the drug.

Accidental poisonings also occur in children when a spray bottle is left within reach, and child drinks medicine. Even one sip of an adrenergic agonist, especially on an empty stomach, is enough to cause severe poisoning to develop.

How to protect your baby from dangerous nasal drops

The basic rule is to comply with the requirements for age, quantity and frequency of use of the drug specified in the annotation for the drug. Try not to buy sprays containing naphazoline, xylometazoline and oxymetazoline at the pharmacy. Remember that vasoconstrictor drops do not treat a runny nose, but only facilitate nasal breathing when the mucous membrane is swollen. This is usually observed in the first 1-3 days viral infection. Before instilling an adrenergic agonist, you need to clear the nasal passages of mucus using saline solution or sea water and suction bulbs. Perhaps this procedure will already be enough to baby nose"breathed."

Colds are the most common ailments that accompany people during the cold season. They are often accompanied coughing, malaise, fever, as well as nasal congestion and runny nose, which, in the absence of timely treatment is fraught with serious complications, such as sinusitis, otitis, sinusitis, etc. In order to get rid of a runny nose in time and prevent the development of negative manifestations, they resort to the use of vasoconstrictor medications. One of these is the well-known medical drug Naphthyzin.
Detailed information about Naphthyzin is located

Main characteristics of the drug

The medication is a special solution based on naphthyzine of varying concentrations. Thanks to this composition, the medicine has anti-edematous and vasoconstrictor effect, which is achieved by the action of the drug on the receptors of the nasal mucosa and a decrease in blood flow. This effect is reflected in the elimination of swelling, easier breathing, and a decrease in the production of mucus. The medicine is prescribed for both children and adult patients, is available without a prescription and has an affordable price.

However, over-the-counter access and reasonable price do not mean that the drug can be used uncontrolled and for a long period, since Naphthyzin has quite a lot of adverse reactions, especially when long-term treatment. It is also necessary to take into account that prolonged use not only causes serious symptoms, but also develops addiction, which has a practical effect. complete absence desired effect.

Main manifestations of drug overdose

An overdose of Naphthyzine can be caused by exceeding the specified standards in the instructions, long-term use, Also side effects may occur when using expired medication. You need to know that for children from 1 year to 6 years old, Naphthyzin is instilled 1 drop 2 times a day, over six years of age and adults are prescribed 1-3 drops 3 times a day, the treatment course is no more than 5 days. Exceeding this dosage and treatment period, as well as accidental ingestion, which is strictly prohibited, can lead to very serious consequences. The main ones are:

Attacks of nausea and vomiting
Constriction of the pupils of the eyes
Sudden rise in temperature
Blue in the face skin and mucous membranes
Development of tachycardia, disruption of heart rhythm
Increased blood pressure
Various types of mental disorders.

In the case of severe forms, with high doses of the drug, significant inhibition is observed nervous systems s, respiratory function and vasomotor centers are impaired. For the most part, this is reflected in the following symptoms:

Increased drowsiness and lethargy
Reduced blood pressure
By demotion temperature regime body
Breathing disorders
Decreased heart rate
Development of coma and pulmonary edema.

This condition is extremely dangerous and seriously threatens the patient’s life and can even result in death due to cardiac and respiratory failure. Therefore, in such a situation, you need to urgently call an ambulance.

Naphthyzine overdose in children

Exceeding the norm is especially dangerous in children (medication is strictly prohibited for children under 1 year of age). It happens that even a single failure to comply with the dosage can cause very serious consequences, and a dose of 10 ml for children of the first years is considered fatal. The main factors that can lead to the development of negative symptoms are: failure to follow the attached instructions, incorrect dosage when using a plastic bottle, using a 0.1% solution instead of 0.0.5%. Large doses Naphthyzine easily penetrates the children's body, stimulates the brain centers, reduces heart function, disrupts heart contractions and causes severe disorders.

Naphthyzine poisoning in children causes the following manifestations:

Mild degree. In this situation, children complain of malaise, lethargy, constant drowsiness. The child may experience pale skin, decreased appetite, moodiness, and a slight decrease in heart rate. Blood pressure remains normal.
Degree moderate severity. At this stage, there is pronounced weakness, a tendency to sleep, complete failure from eating, bradycardia, decreased temperature and blood pressure. The pupils react.
Severe form. At this degree, children develop coma, heart rate and blood pressure decrease significantly, the child is in critical condition, requiring immediate assistance from doctors.

In any case, if you discover signs of drug poisoning in a child, you should immediately call an ambulance and get professional help.

Treatment and first aid

At the first symptoms of Naphthyzine poisoning in children and adults, it is imperative to stop taking the medication and call a doctor. The doctor needs to be informed in what doses the medication was taken and how long the therapy lasted. Before the ambulance arrives, the following procedures must be carried out:

Place the victim in bed and cover him with a blanket to keep him warm.
Carry out gastric lavage, that is, the patient needs to drink several glasses warm water and induce vomiting.
You can also take several tablets of activated carbon, at the rate of 1 tablet per 10 kg of weight.
Check your pulse and breathing regularly
Observe frequency heart rate.

It should be noted that gastric lavage is not carried out in a state where the person is unconscious and in children infancy.

IN inpatient conditions healing process aimed at eliminating cardiovascular disorders and pathologies from respiratory system. In many cases, initial therapy consists of administering the antidote Naphthyzine, atropine, to the patient, taking into account the patient’s weight and age. Children are also given special doses of prednisolone. At serious problems carried out with breathing artificial ventilation lungs, treatment of edema, and certain intramuscular and intravenous injections. In case of suspension of breathing and heart function, all necessary resuscitation measures are carried out.

Consequences

For mild poisoning with Naphthyzin, accompanying symptoms They almost always go away within 1-2 days. In the case of a severe form, serious pneumonia may occur, sharp jumps blood pressure, the risk of stroke or heart attack increases in older people. Moreover, unfortunately, too high doses The drug, especially in children, can even lead to death.

To avoid everyone negative manifestations Naphthyzin, in any case, you must strictly adhere to the prescribed dosage, do not exceed the prescribed treatment period, and use the product only as prescribed by the doctor.

Most people are accustomed to using vasoconstrictor nasal drops at the slightest manifestation of a runny nose in a child or adult. At the same time, there are ardent opponents of these drugs who refuse to treat a runny nose with them. Who is right? Indeed, uncontrolled spraying of vasoconstrictor sprays into the nose can lead to severe consequences in adults and children. In this article, we looked at the reasons why an overdose of vasoconstrictor drops may develop, the symptoms and methods of treating this condition.

In what cases are vasoconstrictor nasal drops used?

Vasoconstrictor drops or sprays are prescribed to treat certain diseases of the nose and ears. Just like that, for any runny nose, you shouldn’t use them neither in children nor in adults.

They are available in the form of drops or spray. They need to be instilled into both nostrils. The dosage, frequency and duration of treatment are discussed with the treating doctor.

Remember that a therapist or otolaryngologist should prescribe vasoconstrictor drugs. It is very dangerous to use them on your own; they can cause the development of chronic rhinitis, atrophy of the nasal mucosa, or drug poisoning.

Indications for the use of vasoconstrictor nasal drops:

Otitis media is an inflammation of the middle parts of the ear. Drops accelerate the removal of inflammation and swelling from the internal structures of the ear;
Eustachitis is an inflammation of the auditory Eustachian tube, in which the flow of air into the structures of the middle ear is disrupted. This disease is almost always accompanied by severe hearing loss. Vasoconstrictor drugs relieve swelling and clear ear congestion.
difficult nasal breathing due to inflammatory bacterial or viral diseases accompanied by a runny nose.

Causes of poisoning with vasoconstrictor drops

Intoxication with these drugs most often develops as a result of their improper and independent use. Exceeding the dosage of vasoconstrictor drops is very dangerous and can lead to disruption of the entire body.

The causes of poisoning with vasoconstrictor drops are listed below:

Frequent nasal drops to improve nasal breathing. Sometimes, during acute viral processes, it is not possible to completely decompose the nose, free breathing does not return after instilling a dose of the drug. But this does not mean that it is necessary to re-inject the medicine.
Incorrect dosage selection. For example, adult dose The vasoconstrictor drug is toxic to the child and can cause acute poisoning.
Parallel use of several different vasoconstrictor drugs. Only one nasal spray can be used at a time during treatment. drug group. Combining several different drops with a similar effect or with the same active ingredient leads to the development of an overdose.
Accidental ingestion of nasal drops can occur in a child who finds the drug. All medications should be kept out of the reach of children.

With prolonged use of vasoconstrictor nasal drops in normal dosages, chronic rhinitis develops. People become dependent on a bottle of vasoconstrictor drops and carry it with them all the time.

Examples of drugs

You can find it in pharmacies a large number of a variety of vasoconstrictor drops and sprays. They all have a similar effect, may differ from each other in dosage rules and active substance. Examples of drugs:

Overdose symptoms

The severity of intoxication directly depends on the amount of the drug injected into the nose. The larger it is, the worse condition sick. Signs of intoxication appear within the first hour after the drug enters the body.

Vasoconstrictor drops in large dosages have a direct effect on the functioning of the cardiovascular and nervous systems. Symptoms of an overdose of these drugs are listed below:

Constriction of the eye pupils, they become like a small dot. In this case, the pupils practically do not react to changes in light.
Severe dryness in the nose. Nosebleeds may develop.
Heart rhythm disturbance. With mild intoxication, tachycardia is observed - rapid heartbeat. Severe poisoning is accompanied by the development of bradycardia - slowing of the pulse.
Changes in blood pressure levels. Depending on the severity of the patient's condition, it may decrease or increase.
Pale and blue discoloration of the skin develops due to hypoxia and insufficient blood supply.
Nausea and vomiting that does not bring relief. These symptoms develop due to hypoxia and damage to the central nervous system.
Drowsiness and lethargy. The person feels dizzy severe weakness. A headache may develop.
Slow breathing.
Hypothermia is a decrease in body temperature below 36 degrees.
Impaired consciousness, up to the development of a deep coma.

First aid and treatment for overdose

What to do in case acute poisoning vasoconstrictor drops? First of all, you should call ambulance . Briefly tell the dispatcher about what happened by phone and give the exact address.

If a person takes nasal drops, the stomach should be rinsed immediately. To do this, the patient needs to drink several glasses of water in one gulp and induce vomiting. Then you should drink some kind of sorbent, for example, Activated carbon.

If an overdose has developed as a result of excessive instillation of the drug into the nose, rinsing the stomach or drinking sorbents is pointless. Before the doctors arrive, try to calm the patient down; you can give him plain water or sweet, weak black tea.

First health care will be provided to the patient by doctors who arrive on call. They will do a quick examination of the patient and administer necessary medications to stabilize work of cardio-vascular system and breathing.

In case of poisoning with vasoconstrictor drops, hospitalize the patient in a toxicology or intensive care unit. There is no specific antidote. All treatment is aimed at eliminating symptoms, removing the drug from the body and regulating heart function.

Vasoconstrictor nasal drops help treat acute inflammatory diseases nose and ears. They help restore breathing when the nasal passages are congested. Before using these medications, you should consult your doctor. In large dosages they can cause severe poisoning, accompanied by disruption of the heart and breathing. When the first signs of an overdose appear, you should call an ambulance. Treatment of this condition is carried out in a hospital setting.

Most people are accustomed to using vasoconstrictor nasal drops at the slightest manifestation of a runny nose in a child or adult. At the same time, there are ardent opponents of these drugs who refuse to treat a runny nose with them. Who is right? Indeed, uncontrolled spraying of vasoconstrictor sprays into the nose can lead to serious consequences in adults and children. In this article, we looked at the reasons why an overdose of vasoconstrictor drops may develop, the symptoms and methods of treating this condition.

In what cases are vasoconstrictor nasal drops used?

Vasoconstrictor drops or sprays are prescribed to treat certain diseases of the nose and ears. Just like that, for any runny nose, you shouldn’t use them neither in children nor in adults.

They are available in the form of drops or spray. They need to be instilled into both nostrils. The dosage, frequency and duration of treatment are discussed with the treating doctor.

Remember that a therapist or otolaryngologist should prescribe vasoconstrictor drugs. It is very dangerous to use them on your own; they can cause the development of chronic rhinitis, atrophy of the nasal mucosa, or drug poisoning.

Indications for the use of vasoconstrictor nasal drops:

Otitis media is an inflammation of the middle parts of the ear. Drops accelerate the removal of inflammation and swelling from the internal structures of the ear;
Eustachitis is an inflammation of the auditory Eustachian tube, in which the flow of air into the structures of the middle ear is disrupted. This disease is almost always accompanied by severe hearing loss. Vasoconstrictor drugs relieve swelling and clear ear congestion.
Difficulty in nasal breathing due to inflammatory bacterial or viral diseases accompanied by a runny nose.

Causes of poisoning with vasoconstrictor drops

The causes of poisoning with vasoconstrictor drops are listed below:

Frequent nasal drops to improve nasal breathing. Sometimes, during acute viral processes, it is not possible to completely decompress the nose, and free breathing does not return after instilling a dose of the drug. But this does not mean that it is necessary to re-inject the medicine.
Incorrect dosage selection. For example, an adult dose of a vasoconstrictor drug is toxic to a child and can cause acute poisoning.
Parallel use of several different vasoconstrictor drugs. At the same time during treatment, you can use only one nasal spray from the drug group. Combining several different drops with a similar effect or with the same active ingredient leads to the development of an overdose.
Accidental ingestion of nasal drops can occur in a child who finds the drug. All medications should be kept out of the reach of children.

With prolonged use of vasoconstrictor nasal drops in normal dosages, chronic rhinitis develops. People become dependent on a bottle of vasoconstrictor drops and carry it with them all the time.

Examples of drugs

In pharmacies you can find a large variety of vasoconstrictor drops and sprays. They all have a similar effect, may differ from each other in dosage rules and active substance. Examples of drugs:

Overdose symptoms

The severity of intoxication directly depends on the amount of the drug injected into the nose. The larger it is, the worse the patient’s condition. Signs of intoxication appear within the first hour after the drug enters the body.

Vasoconstrictor drops in large dosages have a direct effect on the functioning of the cardiovascular and nervous systems. Symptoms of an overdose of these drugs are listed below:

Constriction of the eye pupils, they become like a small dot. In this case, the pupils practically do not react to changes in light.
Severe dryness in the nose. Nosebleeds may develop.
Heart rhythm disturbance. With mild intoxication, tachycardia is observed - rapid heartbeat. Severe poisoning is accompanied by the development of bradycardia - slowing of the pulse.
Changes in blood pressure levels. Depending on the severity of the patient's condition, it may decrease or increase.
Pale and blue discoloration of the skin develops due to hypoxia and insufficient blood supply.
Nausea and vomiting that does not bring relief. These symptoms develop due to hypoxia and damage to the central nervous system.
Drowsiness and lethargy. The person feels dizzy and very weak. A headache may develop.
Slow breathing.
Hypothermia is a decrease in body temperature below 36 degrees.
Impaired consciousness, up to the development of a deep coma.

First aid and treatment for overdose

What to do in case of acute poisoning with vasoconstrictor drops? The first thing you should do is call an ambulance. Briefly tell the dispatcher about what happened by phone and give the exact address.

First aid will be provided to the patient by the doctors who arrive on call. They will conduct a quick examination of the patient and administer the necessary medications to stabilize the cardiovascular system and breathing.

Vasoconstrictor nasal drops help treat acute inflammatory diseases of the nose and ears. They help restore breathing when the nasal passages are congested. Before using these medications, you should consult your doctor. In large dosages, they can cause severe poisoning, accompanied by disruption of the heart and breathing. When the first signs of an overdose appear, you should call an ambulance. Treatment of this condition is carried out in a hospital setting.

Naphthyzin is very effective drug, which constricts blood vessels in a short period of time. If the drug is used incorrectly, an overdose of naphthyzine may occur.

Naphthyzin is an effective vasoconstrictor drug

Young parents often wonder: can the drug be used by children? The use of naphthyzin is permitted by pediatricians, but only if the concentration of drops and dosage are correctly selected. Naphthyzin is available in the form of 0.05% drops. A solution of 0.1% is an adult dosage, which is strictly prohibited for children to take, as it can cause severe poisoning.

Danger of the drug

Can a child be poisoned by this drug? Of course. Nasal drops seem harmless, but they are quite capable of harming your baby. Poisoning with naphthyzine drops in children is not uncommon. Naphthyzine poisoning occurs when inexperienced parents independently, without a pediatrician’s prescription, treat their child’s runny nose with vasoconstrictor medications. Young mothers very often turn to medical institutions for help with naphthyzine poisoning.

Reasons why poisoning may occur

Naphthyzin, like any other drug, can cause harm to the body. Symptoms can appear not only with long-term use, but also with one-time use of drops. So, let's figure out why seemingly ordinary drops can cause serious poisoning.

Vasoconstrictor drops called Naphthyzin are available in plastic bottles. It is not always possible to give the child the required number of drops by pressing on the bottle; in this case, the dose may increase several times.
Parents often confuse adult dosage 0.1% with children's 0.05%.
Very often there is non-compliance with the rules for using a medicinal product. The instructions indicate that the drops should not be used by children under one year of age, and young mothers use the drug on their own, which risks causing harm. serious harm baby's health.
Naphthyzin, effective inexpensive drug, which is extremely popular. For children, its use can have dire consequences.

Poisoning with naphthyzine drops in children is not uncommon

First symptoms

Naphthyzine poisoning in children is quite common occurrence. In order to determine whether the child has actually been poisoned, it is necessary to monitor his condition. The first symptoms that you might be concerned about are:

pronounced weakness and lethargy in the baby;
mood swings, tearfulness;
cramping pain in the head and slight dizziness;
nausea turning into vomiting;
decrease in temperature;
bradycardia;
hypotension (low blood pressure);
complete refusal of food;
drowsiness;
pale skin (skin becomes damp and cold);
slight constriction of the pupils.

When the first such symptoms are detected, it is necessary to urgently call a qualified medical specialist, which will have necessary help and eliminate the symptoms of overdose. It is strictly forbidden to carry out treatment at home!

First aid

While you are waiting for the doctor, do not panic so that it is not transmitted to the child. It is necessary to monitor the baby’s condition, calm him down and ensure a comfortable position.

Follow general condition child.
Drink plenty of fluids. It could be ordinary boiled water.
Monitor the baby's pulse and breathing.
Wrap him in a blanket so the child can stay warm.

The medicine must be prescribed by a pediatrician in accordance with the dosage

Treatment for poisoning

First of all, treatment should be aimed at eliminating the symptoms of naphthysine poisoning. Upon arrival of the emergency doctor, it is necessary to tell how the drug was taken and in what dosage. If a mild form of poisoning occurs, the baby will be given first aid on the spot and given further recommendations for treatment. IN severe cases carry out transportation to the hospital and carry out treatment in a hospital setting.

It often happens that children use medications on their own. medical purposes. To prevent this from happening, parents should be careful about the storage of all medications, that is, keep them out of the reach of children.

Note for young parents

The drug should not be used by infants.
Drops should be prescribed by a pediatrician in accordance with the dosage according to the child’s age.
Increasing the dose does not increase the effect of the drug, but increases the risk of severe poisoning.
The recommended dose for a child should not exceed 1-2 drops of a 0.05% Naphthyzin solution.
Correct use of the drug will clear the child's airways and make nasal breathing easier.
Due to the fact that the drug is addictive, drops can be used no more than once with an interval of 6-7 hours.
It is effective to use a pipette to accurately measure a drop. This way you can see the amount of the drug collected.
In order not to cause addiction in the child, it is necessary to alternate naphthyzin with other drops intended for treatment colds in kids.

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Can a child be poisoned by Naphthyzin? Yes maybe. Even the simplest and safest-looking nasal drops can lead to serious consequences and harm the child’s health. Poisoning in children medicines not at all uncommon. Poisoning with vasoconstrictor drugs occurs especially often, due to the selection and use of medications by parents independently without a doctor’s prescription, also due to an incorrectly calculated dose of the drug and its incorrect storage.

During colds, runny nose, allergies, teething, there is a need to give drops to children. Parents use Naphthyzin because the drug has fast action, removes swelling of the nasal mucosa, clears the respiratory passages.

Behind last years the number of Naphthyzin poisonings has increased. Mothers are increasingly going to the hospital with similar poisonings in their children.

Reasons for the increase in poisonings

Naphthyzin, like other drugs, has side effects not only with long-term use, but also with short-term use. Sometimes symptoms of poisoning occur even with a single use.

The main reasons why there is an increase in drug poisoning:

Naphthyzin is produced in plastic bottles up to 20 ml. Due to such packaging, it is possible to make a mistake and take the wrong dosage, because during one press on the bottle the dose can increase up to ten times;
Parents often make a mistake and buy a 0.1% solution of the drug, but they should use a 0.05% solution;
Failure to follow the instructions for using the medicine. Let's say the instructions indicate that naphthyzine can be used on children over a year old, but in practice it turns out that parents have been using it since the birth of the baby.
Price for the drug. The cost of the drug is very insignificant, compared to other drops, the price is very meager, about 10 rubles, which is why the medicine is popular, but the price may increase in the future, then you will have to fight for the health and life of the child.

Symptoms

Poisoning with drugs for the common cold is quite common in children. However, in order to accurately determine whether it is poisoning or not, you should monitor the baby’s well-being. Main symptoms of poisoning:

If you notice symptoms of poisoning in a child, you should urgently call an ambulance., which will have professional help and eliminate the symptoms of overdose. Carrying out treatment at home is unsafe for the child’s health.

Treatment

Treatment of poisoning consists of eliminating symptoms. If symptoms of naphthyzine poisoning are detected in children, the first thing to do is stop taking the medicine and call a doctor. The doctor should tell how the drug was taken and in what dosage.

It happens that the baby took the medicine himself; such cases occur if the medicines are in full view of the children's eyes. Therefore it is advisable to put everything medical supplies out of the reach of children.

First aid

While you are waiting for an ambulance, the main thing is not to panic and not to hand over your panic state to kid. First of all, you should monitor the child’s condition, provide him with a comfortable position, move him to the bed and calm him down.

Actions:

Ensure that the child remains conscious;
Provide your child with plenty of fluids. Cooled boiled water with a volume of up to a liter or more is suitable for this;
In case of poisoning, it is forbidden to give milk to children, as this promotes rapid absorption of the medicine into the blood;
Check your breathing and monitor your heart rate;
Wrap the baby in a blanket or blanket to keep him warm;
Monitor your pulse.

Naphthyzine poisoning is increasingly occurring, the main reasons being incorrect administration or use of medications that have expired. It is necessary to monitor the expiration date and throw away all drugs that are already spoiled and buy new ones. Otherwise, much larger sums will be required for treatment than for new drops.

Degrees of overdose

The presence of various symptoms. Naphthyzine overdose has three degrees of severity.

In the first degree of overdose, there is no need to hospitalize the patient and call an ambulance. Symptoms disappear after stopping the medication. This degree is called mild.
At medium degree, there is no need to hospitalize the child either. Parents can independently help the baby, stop taking the medication and monitor the patient’s condition. If the symptoms go away, then there is no need to call a doctor.
The most dangerous degree– heavy. In this case, you need to immediately call an ambulance and put the child in the hands of specialists. In this case, hospitalization is mandatory.

Treatment of poisoning should first begin with eliminating the symptoms and stopping the drug.

Can Naphthyzin be used for children?

Naphthyzin is effective drug, which in short time constricts blood vessels, belongs to the group of selective adrenergic agonists.

Parents often ask whether children are allowed to use the drug? It is allowed, provided that the correct concentration of the solution is selected and the dosage is observed. The drug for children is produced in the form of a 0.05% solution, a 0.1% solution is contraindicated for children; this dose causes poisoning in children.

Instructions

The drug should not be used by children under one year of age. After a year, naphthyzin is prescribed by a doctor, provided strict adherence dosage. The dose of the drug for children is 1-2 drops of 0.05 naphthyzine solution in each nasal passage, this dosage helps clear the airways and makes breathing easier.

Naphthyzin causes the body to become addicted to the drug and the medicine stops working. Increasing the dose does not increase the effect of the drug, but, on the contrary, increases the risk of naphthyzine poisoning (in children this process occurs much faster than in adults, since the body is still quite weak and cannot fight poisoning).

Due to rapid addiction, children can use the medicine no more than once every 7 hours. The effect of the drug begins within thirty minutes.

Since a plastic bottle causes errors in the dosage of the drug and leads to an overdose and subsequently to poisoning, the use of a pipette to maintain the exact dose is considered effective. This way you can see how much of the drug you have taken.

In order not to cause addiction in the child, you should alternate the use of naphthyzine with other similar medications, for example pinosol, aquamaris.

Nazivin represents liquid solution, related to clinical – pharmacological group decongestants, vasoconstrictors for...

Nazivin is a liquid solution belonging to the clinical and pharmacological group of decongestant, vasoconstrictor drugs for local (nasal) use. Active substance(oxymetazoline) helps relieve nasal congestion, making breathing easier. The advantage of the product is the lack of absorption into the bloodstream and systemic exposure.

Therapeutic effect

Oxymetazoline, the main active ingredient, is an imidazoline derivative and belongs to the stimulants of alpha adrenergic receptors located in the vascular layer of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses.

Local use of the drug promotes narrowing blood vessels, due to which swelling of the mucous membrane is eliminated. As a result, breathing becomes easier for rhinitis, sinusitis and other diseases due to the opening and expansion of the excretory canals of the paranasal sinuses, nasal cavities, eustachian tubes. A similar mechanism stimulates drainage function, which significantly reduces the likelihood of developing bacterial complications.

Oxymetazoline has an antiviral effect. The active substance inhibits the activity pathogenic viruses, which are the causative agents of colds and runny nose.

Release forms and chemical composition

The drug is presented in the form of nasal drops or spray various dosages- for adults and children. The transparent solution either has no color at all or has a faint yellowish tint.

The following are used as auxiliary components:

citric acid monohydrate;
sodium citrate dihydrate;
benzalkonium chloride;
glycerol;
purified water.

Drops are supplied in a glass or plastic bottle with a molded or separate pipette. Spray - in a plastic container with a mechanical sprayer.

The drug is available without a prescription in the form of nasal drops of 5, 10 ml, as well as in the form of a spray in a 10 ml bottle.

Indications for use

The use of Nazivin is advisable for the following pathologies:

acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory viral infections, accompanied by a runny nose;
allergic rhinitis;
vasomotor rhinitis;
sinusitis.

The drug is also prescribed to prepare the nasal mucosa (eliminate swelling) before diagnostic studies.

Restrictions and contraindications for use

The main contraindications include:

individual intolerance to the components of the drug;
children under 1 year of age (for Nazivin at a dosage of 0.025%);
up to 6 years (for a dose of 0.05%);
angle-closure glaucoma;
atrophic rhinitis.

Admission restrictions apply to patients with the following diseases:

Nazivin should be prescribed with caution to pregnant and lactating women. When using the product, the attending physician must evaluate and compare the benefits for the mother's body with the potential risks for the child.

Common Adverse Reactions

Nazivin is well tolerated with the exception of rare cases, when patients noted a burning sensation, drying of the nasal mucosa, which was mainly associated with an overdose.

Among side effects you can note:

reactive hyperemia;
itching in the nasal cavity;
frequent sneezing;
feeling of tightness in the bridge of the nose.

Rarely observed:

frontal headache;
increased heart rate;
increased blood pressure;
prostration;
sleep disturbance.

If such symptoms appear, use of the drug should be suspended until the true reasons deterioration of health.

Interaction with other medications

monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs);
tricyclic antidepressants.

A vasoconstrictor pharmaceutical reduces the rate of absorption of local anesthetics (Lidocaine).

Combination with products that have similar pharmacological properties, increases the likelihood of an overdose of Nazivin and the development of pronounced adverse reactions.

Therapeutic doses

There is a special dosage for children depending on age:

under 1 year, starting from 5 weeks - 0.01% solution, a few drops 2 - 3 times a day;
from 1 to 6 years - 0.025% 1 - 2 drops 2 - 3 r. per day;
over 6 - 0.05% according to a similar scheme.

Adults are prescribed the same dosage (0.05% solution) or 1 to 2 intranasal injections several times a day.

The duration of the treatment course is determined by the therapist, based on the severity of the condition, characteristics of the disease, individually. Treatment, as a rule, lasts no more than 7 days, since then the intensity of the therapeutic effect decreases.

Clinical picture of overdose

Exceeding the recommended doses of Nazivin usually occurs by accident. Either by putting an excess amount of product into the pipette, or as a result of intense pressure on the sprayer. Atypical use also occurs - orally, orally or, mistakenly, as eye drops.

Overdose has characteristic signs:

nausea;
rarely vomiting;
the appearance of shortness of breath;
constriction of the pupils;
cyanosis;
hyperthermia;
disturbances of heart rhythm and contraction frequency;
increased blood pressure;
collapse;
pulmonary edema;
respiratory function disorders.

Most victims of Nazivin overdose experience:

depression of the central nervous system, manifested by general malaise, apathy, pathological drowsiness, decreased body temperature;
from the cardiovascular system - bradycardia, arterial hypertension;
mental disorders, hallucinations;
coma.

If you do not seek medical help in a timely manner, pathological phenomena can rapidly progress and lead to sudden stop breathing.

First aid at home

The first thing that needs to be done to help a victim of an overdose of Nazivin is to provide access fresh air And horizontal position. To make breathing easier, you should free your neck from compressive elements. You also need to call a medical team as quickly as possible and wait for their arrival.

In case of an overdose of Nazivin as a result of oral administration, the following is carried out:

gastric lavage clean water or a weak solution of potassium permanganate (the total volume of liquid is at least 1 liter);
taking enterosorbents (activated carbon - 1 tablet for every 10 kg of weight, Polysorb and other absorbent drugs - according to the instructions);
taking a saline laxative (for example, magnesium sulfate).

Drinking plenty of fluids will help you cope with poisoning faster. Arrived qualified specialists You should inform about the expected excess of the dose and the method of use of the drug.

Qualified medical care

There are three degrees of severity of Nazivin overdose depending on the intensity of pathological manifestations.

The first degree (mild) in most cases does not require hospitalization. The condition stabilizes after stopping the use of vasoconstrictor drops.
Moderate, or second, degree is characterized by more severe symptoms. As a rule, emergency procedures, such as gastric lavage, drinking plenty of fluids allow you to eliminate the manifestations of poisoning. Improvement occurs after a longer period of time. Physician supervision is recommended. Hospitalization is not required if the condition is satisfactory.
In case of severe Nazivin poisoning, the victim is taken to the hospital, where intensive care aimed at eliminating symptoms. Treatment is selected individually in each specific clinical case.

Conclusion

Overdose of Nazivin is a common phenomenon, especially among children. Independent use by a child, mistaken use as eye drops or accidental excess of the administered amount of the drug can cause significant, sometimes irreparable harm health. With absence emergency assistance Serious complications may develop, including falling into a coma and even death.

With a common runny nose and nasal congestion in children, not all parents consider it necessary to seek medical help. The ones that have been tested over the years and are inexpensive are used. medicines, which have been used for treatment for more than one generation. Among them, the most popular are naphthyzin drops. Meanwhile naphthyzine poisoning in children is quite common. The situation of poisoning is further aggravated by the fact that parents do not always associate taking naphthyzine with a deterioration in the child’s well-being.

Let's consider how dangerous naphthyzin is, in what cases poisoning occurs and what to do if it does happen.

Causes of poisoning

Naphthyzin belongs to vasoconstrictor drugs. It is effective in the treatment of rhinitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis, laryngitis and other diseases of the nasal cavity. The use of the drug eliminates swelling, constricts blood vessels, allows air to enter nasal cavity and make the baby's breathing easier. Naphthyzin is effective for chronic conjunctivitis, allergies, and nosebleeds. The medicine contains the main component naphazoline and auxiliary ingredients: boric acid and distilled water.

Despite all the effectiveness of the medicine, statistics inexorably show frequent poisoning in children. To answer the question whether naphthyzin is harmful and how justified its use is, it should be remembered that children are more sensitive to the effects of this medicine. Naphthyzine is prohibited for use in infants. When treating older children, the dosage must be strictly observed.

A well-known factor is that long-term use The product is addictive and somewhat addictive. Therefore, even adults are not recommended to take the drug for more than five days.

It is a mistaken belief that poisoning occurs only if a child drinks naphthyzine. When taken as usual, an overdose of naphthyzine leads to rapid entry of the drug into the blood through the developed vascular system of the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity. This causes general intoxication of the baby’s body.

Thus, we can distinguish following reasons Naphthyzine poisoning in children:

Inappropriate childhood percentage of solution. Often parents use a 0.1% solution. In adults, this dose does not cause side effects, and for the baby it can become dangerous. Recommended solution for children is 0.05%. On the recommendation of a doctor, a 0.025% solution can be used. To obtain it, 0.05% of the product is diluted with distilled water.
Uncontrolled use of the drug or its use to treat children under one year of age.
Insufficiently thought-out form of release of the drug. Naphthyzin is produced in plastic vials, which does not always allow you to accurately measure the required number of drops.
Over-the-counter sales of the product, adults’ attitude to the drug as “innocent” drops.

The low price of the drug and its popularity are often the main factors in parents’ choice. Having decided to use naphthyzin, not all parents are aware of what the consequences of poisoning may be. Since naphthyzin is characterized by a short action (approximately 4-6 hours), it requires frequent use. By dripping the product into our child 4-6 times a day, parents, without even realizing it, increase the concentration active substance in your baby’s body to a dangerous point.

10 mg of naphthyzine can lead to fatal outcome in children of the first two years of life!

In some cases, poisoning occurs when using an expired product. Parents should be very careful with packaging and throw away the medicine immediately after its expiration date.

Symptoms

In case of poisoning with vasoconstrictor drugs, parents first pay attention to extreme weakness and lethargy in children. Most children fall asleep quickly, and the duration of sleep is much longer than usual. But these signs may not always be alarming; sometimes they are regarded as symptoms of an underlying disease. Parents begin to sound the alarm when, in addition to weakness and increased sleepiness, children exhibit the following symptoms:

headache and dizziness;
a sharp decrease in body temperature (up to 35 C and below);
cold and damp skin;
blue lips, heavy breathing;
decreased appetite;
blood pressure surges;
profuse sweating;
reduction in heart rate.

There are 3 stages of naphthyzine poisoning: mild, moderate and severe.. With a significant overdose, the pulse and pressure drop to a critical level, and coma is possible.

Treatment

Even if there is minor signs poisoning requires urgent medical attention. Of particular danger are cases when a child, due to the neglect of adults, drinks naphthyzine or other vasoconstrictor drugs. Before doctors arrive, you need to rinse your stomach with boiled water and enterosgel.. Manganese solution is contraindicated in these cases. You can give your child activated charcoal.

The baby must be wrapped in a warm blanket, calmed down and given plenty of fluids. You should not give milk, as it helps accelerate the entry of the drug into the blood.

At mild degree poisoning, hospitalization is not necessary. Symptoms of intoxication of the body disappear after discontinuation of the drug. A moderate, and especially severe, overdose of naphthyzine requires treatment in a hospital.

To eliminate the symptoms of the disease and normalize the well-being of children, in the first minutes of doctors’ arrival, the antidote naphthyzine is used. The victim is administered atropine sulfate, taking into account the weight and age of the child. Children also need subcutaneous injection prednisone. The dosage of medications is prescribed by the doctor. In order to exclude Negative consequences poisoning, all manifestations of intoxication of the body must be stopped within 40-60 minutes. Further course of treatment and recovery in medical institution ranges from one to three days.

In some cases, doctors prescribe naphthyzine inhalations for children. They are indicated for complicated laryngitis, bronchitis, tracheitis. To carry them out, 0.05% naphthyzine is diluted with saline solution. The safe duration of inhalation is 3 minutes when carried out no more than 3 times a day. The procedure is quite effective if the prescribed dosage is followed. If you have a runny nose or nasal congestion, inhalation with naphthyzine will not help desired result, so the risk in carrying them out is absolutely not justified.

How to prevent poisoning

If parents, for one reason or another, still decide to use naphthyzine to treat their children, they must comply the following measures precautions:

use only the solution intended for children, warn pharmacists about this before purchasing;
drip the drug no more than once every 6-8 hours;
use a pipette to avoid errors in maintaining the exact dose;
alternate the drug with other vasoconstrictor drugs;
do not use the drug in infants , limit its use in preschool children;
in case of negative reaction child's body Call emergency medical help immediately.

Instead of instillation, naphthyzin can be used for lotions. Cotton swabs are soaked in a 0.05% solution and placed in each nostril for 2 minutes. A new swab is used for each sinus.

Doctors recommend using naphthyzine analogues. Its main active ingredient is included in such drugs as Sanorin (regular and based on eucalyptus oil) and Naphazoline Ferein. The products relieve swelling and inflammation of the nasopharyngeal mucosa, facilitate breathing and eliminate signs of intoxication in infectious and viral diseases. Eucalyptus oil provides an additional anti-inflammatory effect.

For the treatment of ARVI, chronic rhinitis To prevent influenza, use the Aqua Maris Baby spray. The drug is made on the basis of natural sea water that has undergone sterilization. The nasal passages are washed with Aqua Maris twice a day. The drug can be used for a long time. Provided that the instructions are followed, manufacturers guarantee the absence of side effects.

Another effective and safe means is "Aqualar Baby". Its main advantage is that it can be used from the first days of children’s lives. The release form of the product is a spray in a bottle, equipped with a convenient tip with a limiter. The medicine is also available in the form of drops. The drug has no contraindications or restrictions on use.

The listed drugs belong to more expensive drugs, but their relatively high price is compensated by their safety and effectiveness.

Wanting to alleviate the baby’s condition, parents must weigh everything possible risks and be extremely careful! The ability to purchase a vasoconstrictor without a prescription and at a low price cannot justify its uncontrolled use without first consulting a doctor and following the instructions for use.